301
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Kutralam-Muniasamy G, Pérez-Guevara F, Elizalde-Martínez I, Shruti VC. Branded milks - Are they immune from microplastics contamination? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136823. [PMID: 31991276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The widespread dispersal of microplastic (plastic particle <5 mm) contamination in human food chain is gaining more attention in the public arena and scientific community. Better assessment of diversified consumer products is a key for combating problems related to microplastic contamination. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted on dairy milk products, and the current research status of microplastics is lacking. Here, a total of 23 milk samples (22 adult and 1 kid) from 5 international and 3 national brands of Mexico was collected and tested for the occurrence of microplastics. Results confirmed the ubiquity of microplastics in the analyzed samples and showed variability ranging between 3 ± 2-11 ± 3.54 particles L-1 with an overall average of 6.5 ± 2.3 particles L-1 which are lower than any reported levels in liquid food products. Microplastic particles exhibited variety of colors (blue, brown, red and pink), shapes (fibers and fragments) and sizes (0.1-5 mm). Among which, blue colored fibers (<0.5 mm) were predominant. Micro-Raman identification results revealed that thermoplastic sulfone polymers (polyethersulfone and polysulfone) were common types of microplastics in milk samples, which are highly used membrane materials in dairy processes. Thus, this study findings developed a baseline outlook for microplastics contamination in dairy products and posed a great deal to take necessary controls and preventive measures to avoid them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fermín Pérez-Guevara
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Program, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - I Elizalde-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 México, D.F., Mexico
| | - V C Shruti
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Mexicano para la Producción más Limpia (CMP+L), Av. Acueducto s/n, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Del Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07340 México, D.F., Mexico.
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302
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de Oliveira TTS, Andreu I, Machado MC, Vimbela G, Tripathi A, Bose A. Interaction of Cyanobacteria with Nanometer and Micron Sized Polystyrene Particles in Marine and Fresh Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3963-3969. [PMID: 32216356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics are emerging pollutants, widespread both in marine and in freshwater environments. Cyanobacteria are also ubiquitous in water and play a vital role in natural ecosystems, using photosynthesis to produce oxygen. Using photography, fluorescence microscopy and cryogenic and scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM, SEM) we investigated the physicochemical response of one of the most predominant seawater cyanobacteria (Synechococcus elongatus, PCC 7002) and freshwater cyanobacteria (S. elongatus Nageli PCC 7942) when exposed to 10 μm diameter polystyrene (microPS) and 100 nm diameter polystyrene (nanoPS) particles. Marine and freshwater cyanobacteria formed aggregates with the nanoPS, bound together by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and these aggregates sedimented. The aggregates were larger, and the sedimentation was more rapid for the marine system. Aggregate morphologies were qualitatively different for the microPS samples, with the bacteria linking up a small number of particles, all held together by EPS. There was no sedimentation in these samples. The cyanobacteria remained alive after exposure to the particles. The particle size- and salt concentration-dependent response of cyanobacteria to these anthropogenic stressors is an important factor to consider for a proper understanding of the fate of the particles as well as the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Andreu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mary C Machado
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Division of Engineering Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Gina Vimbela
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Division of Engineering Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Anubhav Tripathi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Division of Engineering Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Arijit Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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303
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Pérez-Albaladejo E, Solé M, Porte C. Plastics and plastic additives as inducers of oxidative stress. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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304
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López-Rojo N, Pérez J, Alonso A, Correa-Araneda F, Boyero L. Microplastics have lethal and sublethal effects on stream invertebrates and affect stream ecosystem functioning. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113898. [PMID: 31927275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are contaminants of increasing concern due to their abundance, ubiquity and persistence over time. However, knowledge about MP distribution in fresh waters and their effects on freshwater organisms is still scarce, and there is virtually no information about their potential influence on ecosystem functioning. We used a microcosm experiment to examine the effects of MPs (fluorescent, 10-μm polystyrene microspheres) at different concentrations (from 0 to 103 particles mL-1) on leaf litter decomposition (a key process in stream ecosystems) and associated organisms (the caddisfly detritivore Sericostoma pyrenaicum), and the extent to which MPs were attached to leaf litter and ingested and egested by detritivores, thus assessing mechanisms of MP trophic transfer. We found that MPs caused detritivore mortality (which increased 9-fold at the highest concentration) but did not affect their growth. Analysis of fluorescence in samples suggested that MPs were rapidly ingested (most likely through ingestion of particles attached to leaf litter) and egested. Leaf litter decomposition was reduced as a result of increasing MP concentrations; the relationship was significant only in the presence of detritivores, but microbially-mediated decomposition showed a similar trend. Our findings provide novel evidence of harmful effects of MPs on aquatic insects and stream ecosystem functioning, and highlight the need for the standardization of methods in future experiments with MPs in order to allow comparisons and generalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara López-Rojo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Javier Pérez
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Alberto Alonso
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco Correa-Araneda
- Unidad de Cambio Climático y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Estudios del Hábitat, Facultad de Arquitectura y Construcción, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Luz Boyero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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305
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Mini-review on current studies of airborne microplastics: Analytical methods, occurrence, sources, fate and potential risk to human beings. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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306
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Organophosphate ester tri-o-cresyl phosphate interacts with estrogen receptor α in MCF-7 breast cancer cells promoting cancer growth. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 395:114977. [PMID: 32234386 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plastic in the ocean degrades to microplastic, thereby enhancing the leaching of incorporated plasticizers due to the increased particle surface. The uptake of microplastic-derived plasticizers by marine animals and the subsequent entry in the food chain raises concerns for adverse health effects in human beings. Frequently used plasticizers as the organophosphate ester tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) are known to affect the male reproductive system. However, the overall endocrine potential of TOCP and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive as yet. In this study, we investigated the molecular effects of TOCP on estrogen receptor α (ERα)-transfected HEK-ESR1 cells and the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Applying virtual screening and molecular docking, we identified TOCP as potent ligand of ERα in silico. Microscale thermophoresis confirmed the binding in vitro with similar intensity as the natural ligand 17-β-estradiol. To identify the molecular mechanisms of TOCP-mediated effects, we used next-generation sequencing to analyze the gene expression pattern of TOCP-treated MCF-7 cells. RNA-sequencing revealed 22 differently expressed genes associated with ESR1 as upstream regulator: CYP1A1, SLC7A11, RUNX2, DDIT4, STC2, KLHL24, CCNG2, CEACAM5, SLC7A2, MAP1B, SLC7A5, IGF1R, CD55, FOSL2, VEGFA, and HSPA13 were upregulated and PRKCD, CCNE1, CEBPA, SFPQ, TNFAIP2, KRT19 were downregulated. The affected genes promote tumor growth by increasing angiogenesis and nutritional supply, favor invasion and metastasis, and interfere with the cell cycle. Based on the gene expression pattern, we conclude TOCP to mediate endocrine effects on MCF-7 cells by interacting with ERα.
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307
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Zhao Y, Bao Z, Wan Z, Fu Z, Jin Y. Polystyrene microplastic exposure disturbs hepatic glycolipid metabolism at the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels in adult zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136279. [PMID: 31918190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), which are new types of environmental pollutants, have recently received widespread attention worldwide. MPs can accumulate in the bodies of animals and in plants, and they can also enter the human body through the food chain. However, knowledge of the effects of MPs on the health of animals is still limited. In this experiment, adult male zebrafish were exposed to 20 or 100 μg/L of 5 μm polystyrene MP for 21 days in an attempt to determine the hepatic effects related to glycolipid metabolism at the biochemical and transcriptomic levels. It was found that body weight and condition factor decreased significantly in zebrafish after exposure to 20 and 100 μg/L polystyrene MP for 21 days. The transcription levels of major genes related to glycolipid metabolism decreased significantly in the liver. Correspondingly, the levels of major biochemical parameters, including Glu, pyruvic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid and IDH, were also decreased in the livers of exposed zebrafish, especially those in the 100 μg/L polystyrene MP-treated group. Moreover, the data on the hepatic transcriptome also confirmed that some genes related to fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and carbon metabolism tended to be decreased in the livers of exposed zebrafish. Taken together, our data confirmed that polystyrene PS-MP can induce hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder at the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels in adult zebrafish after 21 days of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhiwei Bao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhiqing Wan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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308
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Vaclavik J, Sehonova P, Hodkovicova N, Vecerkova L, Blahova J, Franc A, Marsalek P, Mares J, Tichy F, Svobodova Z, Faggio C. The effect of foodborne sertraline on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135082. [PMID: 31806328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide consumption of antidepressants is raising as well as their concentrations in the aquatic environment. This increases the risk of food chain contamination and bioaccumulation in aquatic biota. The aim of this study was to describe a potential risk of sertraline as a pollutant from water environment, wherein rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has been chosen as the test organism, because predatory fish are on the top of the food chain in the aquatic environment. The effects of foodborne sertraline were tested on rainbow trout during a 28-day toxicity test according to OECD 215 method. Sertraline was incorporated in commercial feed at a dose of 4.4 µg/kg (environmental concentration), 42 µg/kg and 400 µg/kg. The results confirmed that sertraline has a significant effect on fish behaviour, resulting in suppression of the escape reflex and increased resistance to stress. Moreover, increased Fultońs condition factor was found in fish fed with the highest concentration of sertraline. Haematological analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in the number of neutrophilic bands and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and decreased number of lymphocytes. The results of biochemical examination showed a statistically significant decrease in ammonia and lactate concentrations and histological examination revealed changes in gills and caudal kidney. Although sertraline reduces stress in fish, the decline in nonspecific immunity is a risk to fish population stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Vaclavik
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Sehonova
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Hodkovicova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Immunology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Vecerkova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Franc
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsalek
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mares
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Tichy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Animal Protection, Welfare and Behaviour, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Italy.
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309
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Kim SW, Kim D, Jeong SW, An YJ. Size-dependent effects of polystyrene plastic particles on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as related to soil physicochemical properties. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113740. [PMID: 31874433 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic polymers are widely used in various applications and are thus prevalent in the environment. Over time, these polymers are slowly degraded into nano- and micro-scale particles. In this study, the free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, was exposed to polystyrene particles of two different sizes (42 and 530 nm) in both liquid and soil media. The number of offspring significantly (p < 0.05) decreased at polystyrene concentrations of 100 mg/L and 10 mg/kg in liquid and soil media, respectively. In soil media, but not liquid media, C. elegans was more sensitive to the larger particles (530 nm) than the smaller particles (42 nm), and the median effective concentration (EC50) values of the 42 and 530 nm-sized particles were found to be > 100 and 14.23 (8.91-22.72) mg/kg, respectively. We performed the same toxicity bioassay on five different field-soil samples with different physicochemical properties and found that the size-dependent effects were intensified in clay-rich soil samples. A principal component analysis showed that the bulk density, cation exchange capacity, clay content, and sand content were the dominant factors influencing the toxicity of the 530 nm-sized polystyrene particles. Therefore, we conclude that the soil composition has a significant effect on the toxicity induced by these 530 nm-sized polystyrene particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Dasom Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, 54150, South Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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310
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Peñalver R, Arroyo-Manzanares N, López-García I, Hernández-Córdoba M. An overview of microplastics characterization by thermal analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125170. [PMID: 31675574 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics may be present in the environment as primary microplastics (manufactured) or secondary microplastics (result of the continuous degradation of larger plastic pieces into smaller fragments due to environmental, physicochemical and biotic factors). To fully understand the dynamics of microplastic particles and their environmental effects, harmonized, automated, cheap, rapid and reliable methodologies for sampling, extraction and characterization of microplastic need to be developed. This review focuses on the potential of thermal analytical techniques for microplastics characterization and highlights some of the new trends in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Peñalver
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Natalia Arroyo-Manzanares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ignacio López-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Hernández-Córdoba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", University of Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
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311
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Ustabasi GS, Baysal A. Bacterial interactions of microplastics extracted from toothpaste under controlled conditions and the influence of seawater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135024. [PMID: 31734496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become a global concern due to their increasing use and discharge into the environment. These ubiquitous particles are known to have extremely low degradation rates and accumulate mostly in the marine environment. The evidence for bioaccumulation and indicators of stress linked to microplastics is also stated in the literature. However, the real environmental impact of microplastics has not yet been revealed. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the interaction mechanisms between microplastics and (micro)organisms under controlled (standard) laboratory conditions and environmentally relevant conditions to reflect the true environmental -situation. In this study, we aimed to understand how microplastics extracted from commercially available toothpaste samples interacted with four types of bacteria under both standard and seawater conditions. For this purpose, bacterial inhibitions were examined, and mechanisms of inhibition were evaluated by biochemical parameters (total protein, lipid peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and extracellular carbohydrate levels) of bacteria and physicochemical properties (zeta potential, particle size, surface chemistry) of microplastics. Results showed that gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa were affected in controlled and sea water media, respectively. The inhibition of the bacteria relied on the high zeta potentials of the microplastics, and, biochemically, protein and lipid peroxidase activity of bacteria were important in both media. On the other hand, while biochemical responses were similar in both media, the difference between the cell wall and microplastics surface charge was important only in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Sirin Ustabasi
- T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295 Istanbul, Turkey.
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312
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De-la-Torre GE, Dioses-Salinas DC, Castro JM, Antay R, Fernández NY, Espinoza-Morriberón D, Saldaña-Serrano M. Abundance and distribution of microplastics on sandy beaches of Lima, Peru. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110877. [PMID: 32056653 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a problem of global scale, posing a threat to marine biota. To determine the current state of microplastic pollution on four popular sandy beaches of the coast of Lima, Peru, a sampling campaign was carried out in both intertidal and supralittoral zones. Microplastic abundance, type, size, color and distribution were recorded. The overall microplastic abundance was of the same order of magnitude as previous data obtained in Peru. Foams were the most abundant (78.3%) microplastic type. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between sites and zones. High variability of microplastic abundance was found among adjacent beaches and zones. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that all foams were identified as polystyrene. The present results revealed an alarming level of microplastics present on Peruvian sandy beaches, but information about the sources, local dynamics and impacts of microplastics in this region are scarce, and thus further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dante Espinoza-Morriberón
- Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Laboratorio de Modelado Oceanográfico, Ecosistémico y de Cambio Climático (LMOECC), Esquina General Gamarra y Valle, Callao, Peru.
| | - Miguel Saldaña-Serrano
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru; Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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313
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Chen MC, Chen TH. Spatial and seasonal distribution of microplastics on sandy beaches along the coast of the Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110861. [PMID: 32056643 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here we present the first report on microplastic pollution on the beaches along the coast of the Hengchun Peninsula, which is one of the major tourist attractions in Taiwan. By using a standard operating procedure, sand samples were collected from eight beaches in June and November in 2017, and the microplastics in the sand samples were quantified and characterized in the laboratory. The average density of microplastics ranged from 80 to 480 particles/kg dry weight sand. There was no apparent seasonal difference but there were significant spatial differences among sampling sites. No significant difference in microplastic levels was observed among the west, south, and east coasts, but microplastic density was higher on beaches with higher tourism activity levels. The most abundant type of microplastics was fiber (>97%) and the most common color was white/transparent (57%). In addition, using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer we identified microplastics as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Our results show that microplastics are ubiquitous along the coast of the Hengchun Peninsula, and the major factor associated with the abundance of microplastics is tourism activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan; National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
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314
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Green BC, Johnson CLE. Characterisation of microplastic contamination in sediment of England's inshore waters. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110788. [PMID: 32056586 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litter is an increasingly significant problem in the marine environment. Our study looks at a cost-effective method to quantify larger fractions of microplastics in marine sediments as an opportunistic addition to standard benthic infauna sampling. A subsample of microplastics (>1 mm) were enumerated and categorised from sediment samples collected as part of standard benthic habitat monitoring in twenty-two Marine Protected Areas across English inshore waters. Microplastic particles were found in 61.2% of the samples collected, with mean density per study site ranging from 0.2 in Dover to Deal MCZ to 42.7 in The Mersey Estuary Special Protection Area microplastic particles per 0.1 m2. High densities of plastic were found at remote sites, as well as those closer to urban or industrialised areas. Spatial protection measures such as MPAs are not themselves a suitable tool to tackle marine plastic pollution which should be addressed upstream at source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Green
- Estuarine and Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Service, Environment Agency, Kingfisher House, Goldhay Way, Orton Goldhay, Peterborough PE2 5ZR, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte L E Johnson
- Natural England, Suite D, Unex House, Bourges Boulevard, Peterborough PE1 1NG, United Kingdom.
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315
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Roda JFB, Lauer MM, Risso WE, Bueno Dos Reis Martinez C. Microplastics and copper effects on the neotropical teleost Prochilodus lineatus: Is there any interaction? Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 242:110659. [PMID: 31962140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) are emerging contaminants widely found in aquatic ecosystems. In addition to MP toxicity itself, there is increasing concern about the MP adsorption capacity and the interactive effects with other contaminants, such as copper. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of polyethylene microplastic and its association with copper (Cu) in genotoxic, biochemical, and physiological biomarkers of the neotropical teleost Prochilodus lineatus. Fish were exposed for 24 and 96 h to MP (20 μg L-1) and Cu (10 μg L-1) and MP + Cu. The results showed that MP and Cu, both isolated and in combination, promoted DNA damage in erythrocytes (96 h) and liver cells (24 and 96 h) indicating that MP and Cu are genotoxic. Fish exposed only to Cu (96 h) showed a decrease in lipid peroxidation in the liver despite of the decrease in glutathione content, indicating the efficiency of other antioxidant defenses. Brain acetylcholinesterase was inhibited in the animals from all the treatments. Although MP did not influence on Cu accumulation in tissues, decreased plasma Na+ and Ca2+ (24 h) occurred after the exposure to MP and Cu, isolated and combined. Exposure to MP and MP + Cu resulted in decreased activity of Ca2+-ATPase (24 h). Taken altogether, these results showed that MP and Cu depicted genotoxic, neurotoxic, and physiological effects on P. lineatus, both alone and combined. An interaction between Cu and MP was observed in plasma Ca2+, where the combination of both contaminants caused a greater effect than the contaminants alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Fernanda Bernardes Roda
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Machado Lauer
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wagner Ezequiel Risso
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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316
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Celino-Brady FT, Lerner DT, Seale AP. Experimental Approaches for Characterizing the Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Environmental Chemicals in Fish. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:619361. [PMID: 33716955 PMCID: PMC7947849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.619361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing industrial and agricultural activities have led to a disturbing increase of pollutant discharges into the environment. Most of these pollutants can induce short-term, sustained or delayed impacts on developmental, physiological, and behavioral processes that are often regulated by the endocrine system in vertebrates, including fish, thus they are termed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Physiological impacts resulting from the exposure of these vertebrates to EDCs include abnormalities in growth and reproductive development, as many of the prevalent chemicals are capable of binding the receptors to sex steroid hormones. The approaches employed to investigate the action and impact of EDCs is largely dependent on the specific life history and habitat of each species, and the type of chemical that organisms are exposed to. Aquatic vertebrates, such as fish, are among the first organisms to be affected by waterborne EDCs, an attribute that has justified their wide-spread use as sentinel species. Many fish species are exposed to these chemicals in the wild, for either short or prolonged periods as larvae, adults, or both, thus, studies are typically designed to focus on either acute or chronic exposure at distinct developmental stages. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the approaches and experimental methods commonly used to characterize the effects of some of the environmentally prevalent and emerging EDCs, including 17 α-ethinylestradiol, nonylphenol, BPA, phthalates, and arsenic; and the pervasive and potential carriers of EDCs, microplastics, on reproduction and growth. In vivo and in vitro studies are designed and employed to elucidate the direct effects of EDCs at the organismal and cellular levels, respectively. In silico approaches, on the other hand, comprise computational methods that have been more recently applied with the potential to replace extensive in vitro screening of EDCs. These approaches are discussed in light of model species, age and duration of EDC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritzie T. Celino-Brady
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Darren T. Lerner
- University of Hawai’i Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Andre P. Seale
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- *Correspondence: Andre P. Seale,
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317
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van der Hal N, Yeruham E, Shukis D, Rilov G, Astrahan P, Angel DL. Uptake and incorporation of PCBs by eastern Mediterranean rabbitfish that consumed microplastics. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110697. [PMID: 31753557 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments were executed to assess the feasibility of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) transfer to fish tissues via MPs as a vector. PCBs that occur in the marine environment were tested for their adsorption to four different MP types. PCB congeners showed the highest adsorption levels to Polypropylene homo-polymer. The uptake of PCBs through MP ingestion was tested in an outdoor mesocosm using the herbivorous rabbitfish, Siganus rivulatus in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Polypropylene homo-polymer particles (0.3-5.0 mm) pre saturated with 11 PCB congeners, in two concentrations (500 ng/g and 5000 ng/g), were mixed with dough and offered to the fish. PCBs were identified after two weeks in fish muscle tissues, but not in the liver. These results suggest that ingestion of contaminated MP by rabbitfish might harm them in the long run, and perhaps even those who consume them on a regular basis, e.g. rabbitfish predators and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam van der Hal
- Department of Maritime Civilizations, The Charney School for Marine Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Erez Yeruham
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, Haifa, Israel
| | - Diana Shukis
- Department of Maritime Civilizations, The Charney School for Marine Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Rilov
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, Haifa, Israel
| | - Peleg Astrahan
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Migdal, Israel.
| | - Dror L Angel
- Department of Maritime Civilizations, The Charney School for Marine Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
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318
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Microplastics in Aquaculture Systems and Their Transfer in the Food Chain. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2020_455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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319
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Villagran DM, Truchet DM, Buzzi NS, Forero Lopez AD, Fernández Severini MD. A baseline study of microplastics in the burrowing crab (Neohelice granulata) from a temperate southwestern Atlantic estuary. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110686. [PMID: 31744606 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence has demonstrated that microplastics (MPs) are available for a wide range of marine organisms, with filter-feeding bivalves and crabs being especially vulnerable. The crab Neohelice granulata is considered a key and structuring species in the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE) (SW Atlantic) and its ecological role makes this species especially vulnerable to several pollutants. In this study, male specimens of N. granulata and water samples were collected at three sites in the BBE for the presence of MPs. Different types of MPs were found in all the crabs and the water column samples, although the most frequent were fibers <500-1500 μm, mainly blue. This is the first study to identify MPs in the gills and digestive tract of N. granulata. Moreover, gills presented higher total abundances of MPs than the digestive tract, which suggests that in this case the main uptake of MPs would be by adherence to the gills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Villagran
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Edificio E1, C.C 804, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Daniela M Truchet
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Edificio E1, C.C 804, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Natalia S Buzzi
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Edificio E1, C.C 804, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), San Juan 670, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana D Forero Lopez
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Edificio E1, C.C 804, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Melisa D Fernández Severini
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) - CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Camino La Carrindanga km 7, Edificio E1, C.C 804, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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320
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Berglund E, Fogelberg V, Nilsson PA, Hollander J. Microplastics in a freshwater mussel (Anodonta anatina) in Northern Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:134192. [PMID: 32380629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alarming amounts of microplastics have recently been shown to accumulate in the environment. Recent focus has been on synthetic material contaminating the marine environment, while effects on freshwater habitats and organisms have received less attention. We here confirm and analyse occurrence of microplastics in the duck mussel, Anodonta anatina, in a Swedish river. All analysed mussels contained microplastics, and the number of microplastic debris found in the mussels increased with mussel size. In addition, we demonstrate higher concentrations of microplastics downstream urban areas with wastewater treatment plants compared to a rural upstream location. Both fibres and particles were found in the mussels, indicating that the emissions of these pollutants may have varying origin. Our study indicates that microplastics can be suspended in the water column in streams and that concentrations are higher downstream anthropogenic activity. We discuss our results in light of potential pathways in rural versus surrounding arable land, and highlight a number of required research directions in the aquatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Berglund
- Department of Biology - Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - V Fogelberg
- Department of Biology - Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - P A Nilsson
- Department of Biology - Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; River Ecology and Management Research Group RivEM, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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321
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Yin L, Liu H, Cui H, Chen B, Li L, Wu F. Impacts of polystyrene microplastics on the behavior and metabolism in a marine demersal teleost, black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 380:120861. [PMID: 31288171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
After nano- (0.5 μm) or micro- (15 μm) polystyrene (PS) microplastics exposure, the behavior, metabolism and energy reserve in marine demersal fish (Sebastes schlegelii) were evaluated. The behavior of fish was accurately recorded by video behavior tracking technology. Results showed that changes in behavior (e.g. cluster, the reduction of swimming speed and range of movement) were significantly greater in 15-μm PS-exposed fish, which may affect hunting behavior and exploration competence. Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of fish was significantly greater in 15-μm PS treatment than in 0.5-μm PS treatment, suggesting respiration and metabolism stress. Moreover, the abnormal behavior, respiration and ammonia excretion of PS-exposed fish had recovered modestly. In addition, abnormal symptoms of bile, liver and lumen of intestine were detected in 15-μm PS exposure. Importantly, the growth and gross energy of fish were reduced in 15-μm PS exposure than 0.5-μm PS exposure. Both 0.5-μm and 15-μm PS exposures led to significantly lower protein and lipid contents, suggesting energy reserve and nutrition quality reduction of fish. Overall, microplastics had the negative impact at greater levels than nanoplastics. Altered behavior, energy reserve and nutritional quality of fish indicated the potential risk on biological functions, the development of fishery and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Hongwu Cui
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lingli Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
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322
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Chang X, Xue Y, Li J, Zou L, Tang M. Potential health impact of environmental micro‐ and nanoplastics pollution. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 40:4-15. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyue Zou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast University Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public HealthSoutheast University Nanjing People's Republic of China
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323
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Banaee M, Soltanian S, Sureda A, Gholamhosseini A, Haghi BN, Akhlaghi M, Derikvandy A. Evaluation of single and combined effects of cadmium and micro-plastic particles on biochemical and immunological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124335. [PMID: 31325830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The growing accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments is a global concern. MPs are capable to interact with other environmental contaminants, including heavy metals, altering their toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the sub-lethal effects of cadmium chloride (Cd) alone and in combination with MPs on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Multi-biomarkers, including plasma biochemical parameters and intrinsic immunological factors, were measured after 30 days of exposure. Exposure to Cd or NPs reduced the plasma activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Exposure to both compounds enhanced the observed effects except for AST activity and ALP at the highest concentrations, whereas evidenced an antagonistic interaction in ALT. Plasma total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were decreased, and the levels of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels increased mainly in the Cd groups with no additional effects derived from the co-exposure to both stressors. Lysozyme and alternative complement (ACH50) activities and the levels of total immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in fish exposed to Cd and MPs were lower than those in the control group and this decrease was more significant by the mixture of both compounds. These findings showed that the exposure to Cd or MPs alone is toxic to fish altering the biochemical and immunological parameters. Moreover, these alterations are even greater when the Cd and the MPS are combined suggesting synergistic effects in increasing Cd toxicity and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
| | - Siyavash Soltanian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, and CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de La Obesidad La Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Amin Gholamhosseini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Nematdoost Haghi
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Akhlaghi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azam Derikvandy
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran
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324
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Wu D, Liu Z, Cai M, Jiao Y, Li Y, Chen Q, Zhao Y. Molecular characterisation of cytochrome P450 enzymes in waterflea (Daphnia pulex) and their expression regulation by polystyrene nanoplastics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 217:105350. [PMID: 31730932 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are one of the largest protein families, and they metabolise a wide range of lipophilic organic endogenous and exogenous compounds. Many cytochrome P450 genes have been cloned and characterised, and they are frequently used as biomarkers in environmental toxicology studies because of their sensitivity and inducibility. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of DpCYP370B and DpCYP4 were cloned from Daphnia pulex for the first time. The sequence of DpCYP370B consisted of an ORF of 1515 bp that encoded a 504 amino acid polypeptide, while the sequence of DpCYP4 comprised an ORF of 1527 bp that encoded a 508 amino acid polypeptide. Homologous alignments revealed the presence of a conserved cysteine haeme-iron ligand signature, FxxGxxxCxG, located in the C-terminal portion. Both the proteins contained a sequence for a transmembrane region that was deduced to be located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Subsequently, the expression levels of DpCYP370B and DpCYP4, as well as those of CYP4AN1, CYP4C33, and CYP4C34, were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR after exposure to five polystyrene nanoplastic concentrations: 0 (control), 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/L for 21 days. Except for DpCYP4, the highest mRNA expression was observed at 0.5 mg/L nanoplastics; next, the expression of three of the enzymes (DpCYP370B, CYP4AN1, CYP4C34,) decreased to that of the control level at 1 and 2 mg/L doses of nanoplastics. The expression of DpCYP4 did not significantly change compared with that of the control group. These results indicated that CYP genes might play an important role in protecting D. pulex against nanoplastic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Wu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingqi Cai
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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325
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Kuklinski P, Wicikowski L, Koper M, Grala T, Leniec-Koper H, Barasiński M, Talar M, Kamiński I, Kibart R, Małecki W. Offshore surface waters of Antarctica are free of microplastics, as revealed by a circum-Antarctic study. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 149:110573. [PMID: 31542602 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, during a circumnavigation of Antarctica below 62° S by the sailing boat Katharsis II, the presence of plastics was investigated with surface sampling nets at ten evenly spaced locations (every 36° of longitude). Although fibres that appeared to be plastic (particles up to 2 cm) were found in numbers ranging from 1 particle (0.002 particles per m3) to 171 particles (1.366 particles per m3) per station, a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis indicated that these particles were not composed of plastic. The fibres which superficially reminded plastic were composed of silica and are of biological origin most likely generated by phytoplankton (diatoms). Therefore, the offshore Antarctic locations were proven to be free of floating microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuklinski
- Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstancow Warszawy 55, Sopot 81-712, Poland; Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom; Katharsis II, World Ocean.
| | - Leszek Wicikowski
- Technical University of Gdansk, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ireneusz Kamiński
- Katharsis II, World Ocean; Polish Naval Academy, ul. inż. Śmidowicza 69, 81-127 Gdynia, Poland
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326
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Tian L, Verreault J, Houde M, Bayen S. Suspect screening of plastic-related chemicals in northern pike (Esox lucius) from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113223. [PMID: 31541811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminant monitoring traditionally relies on targeted analysis, and very few tools are currently available to monitor "unexpected" or "unknown" compounds. In the present study, a non-targeted workflow (suspect screening) was developed to investigate plastic-related chemicals and other environmental contaminants in a top predator freshwater fish species, the northern pike, from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Samples were extracted using sonication-assisted liquid extraction and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Ten bisphenol compounds were used to test the analytical performances of the method, and satisfactory results were obtained in terms of instrumental linearity (r2 > 0.97), recoveries, (86.53-119.32%), inter-day precision and method detection limits. The non-targeted workflow data processing parameters were studied, and the peak height filters (peak filtering step) were found to influence significantly the capacity to detect and identify trace chemicals in pike muscle extracts. None of the ten bisphenol analogues were detected in pike extracts suggesting the absence of accumulation for these chemicals in pike muscle. However, the non-targeted workflow enabled the identification of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in pike extracts. This approach thus can be also applied to various contaminants in other biological matrices and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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327
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Lu J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Luo Y. Effects of microplastics on distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in recirculating aquaculture system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109631. [PMID: 31514079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are two kinds of emerging contaminants with frequent detection in coastal regions. However, rare information on co-occurrence of microplastics and ARGs in coastal recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is available. This study performed field sampling and laboratory analysis to investigate the distribution of microplastics and ARGs in a typical RAS farm. The results showed that microplastics were detected in all water samples with the abundances ranging from 58 to 72 items/m3. Absolute abundances of total 10 ARGs in water samples ranged from 3.24 × 105 to 7.83 × 105 copies/mL while those on microplastic samples were in the range of 1.59 × 109-1.83 × 109 copies/g. Microbial communities of microplastics and water showed significant difference at both phylum and genus levels. Microbial community diversity of microplastics was higher than that of water. ARGs including tetG, qnrS, sul1, sul2, and ermF possessed relatively more active relationships with bacterial community in water and on microplastics of the RAS farm. The results suggested that microplastics might be an important reservoir of ARGs in RAS farms. The findings of this study will provide useful information on pollution control and environmental management for both microplastics and ARGs in coastal aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China.
| | - Yongming Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai Shandong, 264003, PR China
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328
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Galafassi S, Nizzetto L, Volta P. Plastic sources: A survey across scientific and grey literature for their inventory and relative contribution to microplastics pollution in natural environments, with an emphasis on surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133499. [PMID: 31377368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris are at present recognized as an emerging potential threat for natural environments, wildlife and humans. In the past years an increasing attention has been addressed to investigate the presence and concentration of plastic debris in the ecosystems, including surface waters. Scientific literature extensively describes the ingestion by aquatic fauna, the transfer into food webs and the potential action as a vector for toxic compounds or alien microorganisms. Although the scientific community addresses this issue with considerable effort, many questions remain open. In particular, new sources of microplastics have been recently recognized, possibly representing major environmental inputs compared to those previously considered. In addition to the already renowned sources such as the embrittlement of plastic litter and microbeads released from personal care products, microplastic can be released also by washing of synthetic clothes, abrasion of vehicles tyres and from the weathering of different kind of paints. This review tries to exhaustively enumerate all the possible sources of plastic litter that have been identified so far and to report quantitative assessments of their inputs on microplastics pollution to natural environments reported in scientific and grey literature, with an emphasis on surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Galafassi
- CNR - Water Research Institute, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania, Italy.
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo NO-0349, Norway; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Pietro Volta
- CNR - Water Research Institute, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania, Italy
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329
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Savoca S, Capillo G, Mancuso M, Faggio C, Panarello G, Crupi R, Bonsignore M, D'Urso L, Compagnini G, Neri F, Fazio E, Romeo T, Bottari T, Spanò N. Detection of artificial cellulose microfibers in Boops boops from the northern coasts of Sicily (Central Mediterranean). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:455-465. [PMID: 31323590 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollution deriving from textile wastes, including industrial and household waste, is recently of great interest due to their environmental impacts. Anthropogenic and synthetic fibers are responsible for negative effects on the quality of water and soil, and, also, their presence damages plant and animal health. In this work, the authors revealed the occurrence of man-made cellulose fibers in specimens of Boops boops from the Northern Sicilian coasts. Bogue was chosen as target species as it has been used as an indicator within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD 2008/56/EC) in order to value the "microplastics status" in the stomach contents. Of the 30 specimens examined, 63.3% of these had ingested fibers items. The number of fibers ranged from 1 to 10 per specimens with an average of 2.7 items/specimen. Fibers length ranged from 0.5 to 30 mm, most of them were black (95%), and a small percentage was red (5%). The ingestion of man-made cellulose fibers, observed for the first time, in Boops boops in the Mediterranean Sea wake-up call and it should attract the attention of the EU for new guidelines where this new type of contaminant is classified harmful as well as plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Savoca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Monique Mancuso
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM) - CNR Section of Messina, Spianata San Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Centro Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Panarello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Martina Bonsignore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luisa D'Urso
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Compagnini
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Fortunato Neri
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, Messina University, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enza Fazio
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, Messina University, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Teresa Romeo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Centro Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Italy; Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA, 98057, Milazzo, (ME), Italy
| | - Teresa Bottari
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM) - CNR Section of Messina, Spianata San Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Centro Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Italy
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy
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330
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Patterson J, Jeyasanta KI, Sathish N, Booth AM, Edward JKP. Profiling microplastics in the Indian edible oyster, Magallana bilineata collected from the Tuticorin coast, Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:727-735. [PMID: 31325870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to quantify the extent of microplastic (MP) contamination in the Indian edible oyster (Magallana bilineata) and to understand how this relates to the MP contamination in its surrounding marine environment. Samples of water, sediment and oysters of different sizes were collected from three sites along Tuticorin coast in Gulf of Mannar in Southeast India. The mean abundance of MP in oysters was found to be 6.9 ± 3.84 items/individual and the mean concentration to be 0.81 ± 0.45 items/g of tissue. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) fibers were the dominant MP types in oysters (92% and 4%, respectively) and in seawater (75% and 25%, respectively), with PE fibers, ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 mm, being the most common. Both PE and PP are low-density polymers which are slow to sediment to the seafloor. This increases the potential of their availability in the environment and ingestion by the oysters. The largest oysters (14-16 cm) contained the highest abundance and concentrations of MP, suggesting a greater proportion of MP in the water column is ingested with increasing size. The calculated microplastic index (0.02 to 0.99) also indicates that MP bioavailability increases with increasing size of oysters. The distribution patterns of MP abundance, shape and size in oysters more closely resemble those in water than in sediment. The surface morphology of the MPs reveals the characteristic pits and cracks which result from partial degradation through the weathering processes. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis shows the presence of Ni and Fe in association with MP, and this probably indicates the fly-ash pollution and the petroleum-related activities in the surrounding area. Being sessile animals the oysters are good candidates for use as sentinel organisms for monitoring MP in specific marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Patterson
- Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Narmatha Sathish
- Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Andy M Booth
- Department of Environment and New Resources, SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway
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331
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Hossain MS, Sobhan F, Uddin MN, Sharifuzzaman SM, Chowdhury SR, Sarker S, Chowdhury MSN. Microplastics in fishes from the Northern Bay of Bengal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:821-830. [PMID: 31302547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics were determined in pink Bombay-duck (Harpadon nehereus), white Bombay-duck (H. translucens) and gold-stripe sardine (Sardinella gibbosa) collected from the Northern Bay of Bengal at Bangladesh. Gastrointestinal tracts of fishes (n = 25 per species) were examined for microplastics following alkali digestion protocol, microscopic observations and chemical analysis by micro-Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscope (μ-FTIR). A total of 443 microplastic items were found in the intestines of H. nehereus, H. translucens and S. gibbosa, averaging in the range of 3.20-8.72 items per species. Among various shapes, colours and types of microplastics, irregular (37-43%), white/transparent (26-68%) and fiber (50-55%) were dominant. The size fraction of microplastics ranging between 1 μm and 5 mm was 68-84 items/kg biomass, and μ-FTIR analysis identified 13 particles of polyethylene terephthalate and 66 particles of polyamide. The study findings raised concern that microplastics in marine fish could be a threat to public health via the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shahadat Hossain
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Faisal Sobhan
- Department of Oceanography, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | | | - S M Sharifuzzaman
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Subrata Sarker
- Department of Oceanography, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
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332
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Chae Y, Kim D, An YJ. Effects of micro-sized polyethylene spheres on the marine microalga Dunaliella salina: Focusing on the algal cell to plastic particle size ratio. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 216:105296. [PMID: 31541944 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing concern about how microplastics (MPs) are impacting marine ecosystems. In particular, studies on how MPs impact microalgae are required because of the abundance of MPs and importance of green microalgae as primary producers. This study investigated how MPs that are larger (200 μm) than algal cells impact them, using the marine microalga Dunaliella salina as the test species. The microalga was exposed to polyethylene MPs for 6 days. Of interest, the growth and photosynthetic activity of D. salina was enhanced with exposure to MPs, while cell morphology (size and granularity) was not impacted. This phenomenon might be explained by trace concentrations of additive chemicals (endocrine disruptors, phthalates, stabilizers) that possibly leached from MPs promoting the growth and photosynthetic activity of D. salina. We also confirmed that MP size contributes towards determining how plastics affect microalgae. Specifically, as MP size shrinks compared to algal cell size, MPs have increasingly adverse effects. MPs of very small size (like nanoplastics) induce particularly adverse effects on algae. Further studies are required to establish the relationship between algal cell size and MP size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yooeun Chae
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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333
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Rodrigues MO, Abrantes N, Gonçalves FJM, Nogueira H, Marques JC, Gonçalves AMM. Impacts of plastic products used in daily life on the environment and human health: What is known? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103239. [PMID: 31472322 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plastics are indispensable and persistent materials used in daily life that can be fragmented into micro- or nanoplastics. They are long polymer chains mixed with additives that can be toxic when in contact with distinct species. The toxicity can result from polymer matrix, additives, degradation products and adsorbed contaminants. Notwithstanding, there is still an immense gap of information concerning the individual and mixed impacts of plastics. Hence, in this study, we characterize the most common plastic materials widely used in our daily life by its polymer type and compile the environmental and human health hazards of these polymers including the impacts of monomers, additives, degradation products and adsorbed contaminants based on literature review. In summary, polyvinyl chloride is the most toxic polymer type used daily (monomer and additives); additives are more toxic than monomers to wildlife and humans; and the most toxic additives are benzene, phthalates and lead stabilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Rodrigues
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - N Abrantes
- Department of Environment and Planning & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - F J M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - H Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J C Marques
- MARE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A M M Gonçalves
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; MARE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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334
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De-la-Torre GE. Microplastics: an emerging threat to food security and human health. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 57:1601-1608. [PMID: 32327770 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Microplastic presence in seafood and foodstuff have been documented globally in recent studies. Consequently, human exposure to microplastics through the ingestion of contaminated food is inevitable and pose a risk to food security and human health. In this review, microplastics and related xenobiotics are defined, global evidence of microplastic pollution in seafood is reviewed, the impacts to commercial marine species and food security are discussed, and the current knowledge of its direct effects on human health is reviewed. In addition, limited information regarding food security and scientific gaps are identified. Although microplastics in the marine environment and its effects on marine organisms have been well documented, more research is needed to completely understand the implications of microplastics over food security and human health. Further research must focus on monitoring and eliminating microplastics along the food supply chain and determining the extent to which food security is affected by microplastic pollution.
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335
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Chen Q, Allgeier A, Yin D, Hollert H. Leaching of endocrine disrupting chemicals from marine microplastics and mesoplastics under common life stress conditions. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104938. [PMID: 31234003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and mesoplastics are able to sorb harmful substances and often contain additives, e.g., endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), that can cause adverse effects to organisms. The present study aims to determine EDC concentrations and their endocrine activities in leachates of field-collected marine MPs and mesoplastics under stress conditions that are known to occur during the plastic life cycle. Estrogens were the dominant EDCs on plastic particles and were either concentrated from the surrounding water or originated from plastic manufacturing. Bisphenol A had the highest detection frequency (75%) with an average concentration of 475 ± 882 μg/kg, followed by bisphenol S, octylphenol and nonylphenol. Moreover, smaller marine MPs leached greater quantities of EDCs because the sorption from surrounding seawater is more efficient for smaller particles. It was found that normal life stresses such as microwaving (MW) and autoclaving (AC) can decrease EDC concentrations, but solar irradiation (solar) can increase EDC concentrations in leachates. Even though organisms with higher metabolic ability exhibited greater estrogenic effects, the comprehensive toxicity of plastic leachates after common life treatments was still limited (below the EC10 value) if 0.1% is taken as the EDC uptake from plastic. In future studies, the accurate contribution of plastic bound EDCs needs to be further explored, and the monitoring of MPs and mesoplastics in the human diet remains important because the concentrations of these plastics may change in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China; Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Annika Allgeier
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daqiang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Ecosystem Analysis, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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336
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Akhbarizadeh R, Moore F, Keshavarzi B. Investigating microplastics bioaccumulation and biomagnification in seafood from the Persian Gulf: a threat to human health? Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1696-1708. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1649473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farid Moore
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnam Keshavarzi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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337
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Zhang F, Wang Z, Wang S, Fang H, Wang D. Aquatic behavior and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastic particles with different functional groups: Complex roles of pH, dissolved organic carbon and divalent cations. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:195-203. [PMID: 31029965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein we systematically examined the roles of water chemistry (pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and divalent cations) and particle surface functionality that control the aqueous stability, aggregation, and toxicity of engineered nanoplastic particles in simulated natural environmental conditions. Model polystyrene latex nanoparticles (PLNPs) with three different functional groups, namely unmodified (uPLNPs), amine-modified (aPLNPs), and carboxyl-modified (cPLNPs), were investigated. Results indicate that the presence of only DOC increased the surface charge and exhibited negligible effects on the size distribution of the PLNPs in aqueous suspensions. The presence of the divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) was observed to decrease the surface charge and increase the size of the PLNPs. The coexistence of DOC and the divalent cations enhanced the extent of aggregation of the PLNPs in the water columns. The surface modification and pH were sensitive factors influencing the stability of PLNPs during long-term suspension when DOC and the divalent cations coexisted. Direct visual further testified the conclusions on the combined effects of solution and surface chemistry parameters. Furthermore, in situ transmission electron microscope observations revealed that the enhancement of PLNP aggregation in the presence of DOC and the divalent cation was caused by bridge formation. Toxicity test indicated the PLNPs exhibited acute toxicity and physical damage to Daphnia magna. The more complex the solution conditions, the more toxicity the aPLNPs and cPLNPs. Analysis of mode of toxic action implied that the PLNPs mainly caused the accumulation of oxidative damage to the gut of D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Se Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Hao Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Degao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
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338
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Jarosiewicz M, Krokosz A, Marczak A, Bukowska B. Changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione level in human erythrocytes exposed to selected brominated flame retardants. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:93-99. [PMID: 30986606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Currently, more and more concerns are related to oxidative stress appearing in cells as a result of xenobiotics action. It has been found that selected brominated flame retardants (BFRs) can cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction at environmental concentrations. Excessive ROS induction can contribute to the redox imbalance in the cell. Therefore, the aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of selected BFRs on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in human erythrocytes. Erythrocytes were incubated with tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS), 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP) and pentabromophenol (PBP) in the concentration ranging from 1 to 100 μg/ml. This study has shown that the BFRs studied disturbed redox balance in human erythrocytes. TBBPA caused more significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities than other compounds examined. Among bromophenols studied, 2,4-DBP most strongly affected antioxidant system, which indicated that the number of bromine atoms in the molecule did not significantly affect the pro-oxidative properties of the BFRs examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jarosiewicz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anita Krokosz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Division of Radiobiology, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Marczak
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143 St., 90-236, Lodz, Poland
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339
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Lionetti L, Faggio C. Multidisciplinary haematology as prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced response in fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:1170-1183. [PMID: 31018433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The variations of haematological parameters hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, leukocyte and erythrocyte count have been used as pollution and physiological indicators of organic dysfunction in both environmental and aquaculture studies. These parameters are commonly applied as prognostic and diagnostic tools in fish health status. However, there are both extrinsic and intrinsic factors to consider when performing a blood test, because a major limitation for field researchers is that the "rules" for animal or human haematology do not always apply to wildlife. The main objective of this review is to show how some environmental and xenobiotic factors are capable to modulating the haematic cells. Visualizing the strengths and limitations of a haematological analysis in the health assessment of wild and culture fish. Finally, we point out the importance of the use of mitochondrial activities as part of haematological evaluations associated to environment or aquaculture stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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340
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Wang J, Lu L, Wang M, Jiang T, Liu X, Ru S. Typhoons increase the abundance of microplastics in the marine environment and cultured organisms: A case study in Sanggou Bay, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:1-8. [PMID: 30825816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination in the ocean has emerged as an environmental issue of global importance. The most effective strategy to control microplastic pollution is to reduce the terrestrial input, but severe weather conditions make it difficult. This study investigated microplastic abundance and characteristics in the seawater, sediments, and cultured oysters (Crassostrea gigas) of Sanggou Bay (China) before and after two typhoons with an average rainfall of 19.2 mm/d over 8 days. Prior to the typhoons, microplastic levels in the seawater, sediment, and oysters were 63.6 ± 37.4 items/L, 2178 ± 369 items/kg, and 41.0 ± 15.5 items/individual, with fibers being the predominant shape. Typhoons increased the average concentrations of microplastics in the seawater and sediments by approximately 40%, and the proportions of fragments, spherules, and granules in the sediments increased by 9.6%, 4.0%, and 4.3%, respectively. The majority of microplastics in seawater, sediments, and oysters collected before the typhoons could be grouped into sizes of 0.1-0.5 mm (36.7%), 0.05-0.1 mm (42.6%), and 0.1-0.5 mm (47.1%), respectively. After the typhoons, the most abundant size classes of microplastics in the three environmental compartments were 0.05-0.1 mm (39.2%) for seawater, 0.1-0.5 mm (37.1%) for sediments, and 0.05-0.1 mm (29.9%) for oysters. The typhoons also altered color distribution of microplastics and increased the proportions of polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate in seawater. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that organic matter and heavy metals were present on the microplastics collected from oysters. Our results suggest that weather conditions should be considered when investigating marine microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxiao Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoshou Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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341
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Banaee M, Sureda A, Taheri S, Hedayatzadeh F. Sub-lethal effects of dimethoate alone and in combination with cadmium on biochemical parameters in freshwater snail, Galba truncatula. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 220:62-70. [PMID: 30880276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the organophosphorus pesticide dimethoate and cadmium on biochemical parameters of a freshwater snail, Galba truncatula, in laboratory conditions. In 14 days, snails were exposed to 0, 100, 200, and 400 μg L-1 of dimethoate and 0.0 and 1000 μg L-1 of cadmium chloride. The results evidenced that dimethoate induces oxidative stress and alters biochemical parameters in freshwater snails. Cadmium also induced significant changes in biochemical parameters. The combination of the dimethoate and cadmium markedly increased the effects on G. truncatula. Dimethoate and cadmium mixture caused a decrease in Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities, glycogen, and total antioxidant capacity (TAN) levels, and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in exposed snails. The increased toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium after the exposure to the highest concentration of dimethoate indicates a synergistic effect leading to a reduced performance of the detoxification system in the snail. Dimethoate contributed to the bioconcentration of cadmium in snails and increased its toxic effects evidenced in biomarkers of oxidative stress and cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Somayeh Taheri
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran
| | - Fariba Hedayatzadeh
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran
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342
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Stara A, Kubec J, Zuskova E, Buric M, Faggio C, Kouba A, Velisek J. Effects of S-metolachlor and its degradation product metolachlor OA on marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:616-625. [PMID: 30849622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing production of energy crops in Europe, mainly maize and rapeseed, has altered patterns of pesticide use in recent decades. The long-term effects of S-metolachlor (S-M) and of its metabolite metolachlor OA (M-OA) at the environmentally relevant concentration of 4.2 μg L-1 and at 42 μg L-1 (ten-fold concentration) on marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis) were evaluated in a 28-day exposure and after a subsequent 28-day recovery period. Indicators assessed were behaviour; biochemical haemolymph profile; oxidative and antioxidant parameters of gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle; and histology of hepatopancreas and gill. Results showed biochemical haemolymph profile (lactate, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, inorganic phosphate), lipid peroxidation in hepatopancreas, and antioxidant parameters (catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione S-transferase) of hepatopancreas and gill of crayfish exposed to S-M and M-OA to significantly differ from controls (P < 0.01). Antioxidant biomarker levels remained different from controls after a 28-day recovery period. Differences in behaviour including speed of movement and velocity, and histopathological damage to gill and hepatopancreas were associated with S-M and M-OA exposure and persisted after 28 days in S-M- and M-OA-free water. Results suggest harmful effects of low concentrations of S-M and its metabolite M-OA on non-target organisms and provide information for assessing their effects at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzbeta Stara
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic; University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 981 66, Messina, Italy.
| | - Jan Kubec
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Zuskova
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Buric
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Caterina Faggio
- University of Messina, Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 981 66, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonin Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Velisek
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
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343
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Aburto-Medina A, Shahsavari E, Salzman SA, Kramer A, Ball AS, Allinson G. Elucidation of the microbial diversity in rivers in south-west Victoria, Australia impacted by rural agricultural contamination (dairy farming). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:356-363. [PMID: 30731266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the water quality of south-west Victorian rivers impacted by the dairy industry using traditional water quality assessment together with culture-dependent (colilert/enterolert) and also culture-independent (next generation sequencing) microbial methods. The aim of the study was to identify relationships/associations between dairy farming intensity and water contamination. Water samples with high total and faecal coliforms (>1000 MPN cfu/100 ml), and with high nitrogen levels (TN) were observed in zones with a high proportion of dairy farming. Members of the genus Nitrospira, Rhodobacter and Rhodoplanes were predominant in such high cattle density zones. Samples from sites in zones with lower dairy farming activities registered faecal coliform numbers within the permissible limits (<1000 MPN cfu/100 ml) and showed the presence of a wide variety of microorganisms. However, no bacterial pathogens were found in the river waters regardless of the proportion of cattle. The data suggests that using the spatially weighted proportion of land used for dairy farming is a useful way to target at-risk sub-catchments across south west Victoria; further work is required to confirm that this approach is applicable in other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Aburto-Medina
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Scott A Salzman
- Department of Information Systems and Business Analytics, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria 3280 Australia
| | - Andrew Kramer
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Centre for Applied Sciences, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Victoria 3085 Australia; Waikato Regional Council, Private Bag 3038, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Andrew S Ball
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Graeme Allinson
- Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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344
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Prata JC, da Costa JP, Lopes I, Duarte AC, Rocha-Santos T. Effects of microplastics on microalgae populations: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:400-405. [PMID: 30772570 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are persistent contaminants accumulating in the environment. Aquatic ecosystems have been studied worldwide, revealing ubiquitous contamination with microplastics. Microalgae, one of the most important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, could suffer from microplastic contamination, leading to larger impacts on aquatic food webs. Nonetheless, little is known about the toxic effects of microplastics on microalgae populations. Thus, the objective of this review was to identify these effects and the impacts of microplastics on microalgae populations based on currently available literature, also identifying knowledge gaps. Even though microplastics seem to have limited effects on parameters such as growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS), current environmental concentrations are not expected to induce toxicity. Even so, microplastics could disrupt population regulation mechanisms, by reducing the availability or absorption of nutrients (bottom-up) or reducing the population of predator species (top-down). Microplastics' properties can also influence the effects on microalgae, with smaller sizes and positive surface charges having higher toxicity. Therefore, more research is needed to better understand the effects of microplastics on microalgae, such as adaptation strategies, effects on population dynamics and microplastics properties influencing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Correia Prata
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João P da Costa
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Armando C Duarte
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Rocha-Santos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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345
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Del Carmen Alejo-Plata M, Herrera-Galindo E, Cruz-González DG. Description of buoyant fibers adhering to Argonauta nouryi (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae) collected from the stomach contents of three top predators in the Mexican South Pacific. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 142:504-509. [PMID: 31232330 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Argonauta nouryi Lorois, 1852 is an octopod that inhabits the holopelagic zone, the objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of buoyant fibers adhering to the body and mantle cavity of A. nouryi females found in the stomach contents from Euthynnus lineatus (skipjack), Coryphaena hippurus (dolphinfish), and Istiophorus platypterus (sailfish). Stomach contents from 224 individuals were examined. All female evaluated presented fibers adhering to the mantle cavity; 92.6% of the fibers measured 0.25 to 5 mm in length and hyaline was the dominant color (72%). The amount of fibers in the fish stomach contents with A. nouryi was significantly greater than in stomachs without; this suggests that the fibers might be introduced via A. nouryi. Findings of this work could be related to the discharge of solid materials in the water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Alejo-Plata
- Instituto de Recursos, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel 70902, Oaxaca, México.
| | - Eduardo Herrera-Galindo
- Instituto de Recursos, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel 70902, Oaxaca, México
| | - Diana Guadalupe Cruz-González
- Programa Licenciatura en Biología Marina, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel 70902, Oaxaca, México
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346
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Alimba CG, Faggio C. Microplastics in the marine environment: Current trends in environmental pollution and mechanisms of toxicological profile. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 68:61-74. [PMID: 30877952 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The global plastics production has increased from 1.5 million tons in the 1950s to 335 million tons in 2016, with plastics discharged into virtually all components of the environment. Plastics rarely biodegrade but through different processes they fragment into microplastics and nanoplastics, which have been reported as ubiquitous pollutants in all marine environments worldwide. This study is a review of trend in marine plastic pollution with focus on the current toxicological consequences. Microplastics are capable of absorbing organic contaminants, metals and pathogens from the environment into organisms. This exacerbates its toxicological profile as they interact to induced greater toxic effects. Early studies focused on the accumulation of plastics in the marine environment, entanglement of and ingestions by marine vertebrates, with seabirds used as bioindicators. Entanglement in plastic debris increases asphyxiation through drowning, restrict feeding but increases starvation, skin abrasions and skeletal injuries. Plastic ingestion causes blockage of the guts which may cause injury of the gut lining, morbidity and mortality. Small sizes of the microplastics enhance their translocation across the gastro-intestinal membranes via endocytosis-like mechanisms and distribution into tissues and organs. While in biological systems, microplastics increase dysregulation of gene expression required for the control of oxidative stress and activating the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor (Nrf) signaling pathway in marine vertebrates and invertebrates. These alterations are responsible for microplastics induction of oxidative stress, immunological responses, genomic instability, disruption of endocrine system, neurotoxicity, reproductive abnormities, embryotoxicity and trans-generational toxicity. It is possible that the toxicological effects of microplastics will continue beyond 2020 the timeline for its ending by world environmental groups. Considering that most countries in African and Asia (major contributors of global plastic pollutions) are yet to come to terms with the enormity of microplastic pollution. Hence, majority of countries from these regions are yet to reduce, re-use or re-circle plastic materials to enhance its abatement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuisi Gideon Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31 98166, S Agata, Messina, Italy.
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347
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Camacho M, Herrera A, Gómez M, Acosta-Dacal A, Martínez I, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Luzardo OP. Organic pollutants in marine plastic debris from Canary Islands beaches. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:22-31. [PMID: 30684899 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Given their capacity to adsorb chemical pollutants, microplastics represent a growing environmental concern in the oceans. The levels of 81 chemical compounds in two types of beached microplastic (pellets and fragments) were monitored across the Canary Islands (Spain). The highest concentrations were found for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (52.1-17,023.6ng/g and 35.1-8725.8ng/g for pooled pellets and fragments, respectively). The polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were 0.9-2285.8 and 1.6-772.5ng/g for pooled pellets and fragments, respectively, whereas organochlorine pesticides (OCP) ranged from 0.4-13,488.7 and 0.4-3778.8ng/g, respectively. The sum of polychlorinated biphenyls and diphenyl-dichloro-ethane (DDT) metabolites was significantly higher in beaches on Gran Canaria, which is the most populated and industrialized island. The sum of ultraviolet filters (UV-filters) was higher in those beaches more frequented by tourists (Famara and Las Canteras), than in occasionally or very rarely visited beaches (Cuervitos and Lambra), with values ranging from 0 to 37,740.3ng/g and 3.7-2169.3ng/g for pellets and fragments, respectively. Furthermore, the sum of brominated diphenyl ethers (BDE) (0-180.58ng/g for pooled pellets and 0.06-3923.9ng/g for pooled fragments) and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFR) (20.0-378.0ng/g for pooled pellets, and 22.6-7013.9ng/g for pooled fragments) was significantly higher in an urban beach (Las Canteras) than in the rest of the studied beaches. Finally, the concentrations of the pesticide chlorpyrifos were much higher on Gran Canaria beaches than in the rest. In this research we provide further evidence of the important role of plastic debris in the adsorption of a wide range of marine pollutants. The regional pattern of chemical contamination of plastics reveals that the sorption of many compounds probably occurs in coastal waters. Further investigation is necessary to understand the relationship between plastic types and adsorption of different pollutants, especially for emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Camacho
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alicia Herrera
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
| | - May Gómez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
| | - Andrea Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ico Martínez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Octavio P Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain.
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348
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Forouhar Vajargah M, Imanpoor MR, Shabani A, Hedayati A, Faggio C. Effect of long‐term exposure of silver nanoparticles on growth indices, hematological and biochemical parameters and gonad histology of male goldfish (
Carassius auratus gibelio
). Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1224-1230. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Forouhar Vajargah
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Guilan Sowmehsara Iran
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and EnvironmentGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Imanpoor
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and EnvironmentGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Ali Shabani
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and EnvironmentGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Aliakbar Hedayati
- Department of Aquatic Production and Exploitation, Faculty of Fisheries and EnvironmentGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Messina Messina Italy
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349
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Savoca S, Capillo G, Mancuso M, Bottari T, Crupi R, Branca C, Romano V, Faggio C, D'Angelo G, Spanò N. Microplastics occurrence in the Tyrrhenian waters and in the gastrointestinal tract of two congener species of seabreams. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 67:35-41. [PMID: 30711873 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work it is reported for the first time the characterization of microplastics from sea water samples and in two congener species of seabreams: Pagellus erythrinus and P. bogaraveo, Mediterranean fish species of great commercial importance. An experimental survey was conducted on May-June 2017 in the southernmost part of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Microplastics found in the sea water and in the grastrointestinal tract of two teleosts were characterized by Raman and IR spectroscopies. Microplastics found in sea water samples appeared in the form of fragments made of plastics of low and high density (PVC and LPDE). All the microplastics found in fish belonged to Nylon 66, typical fibers used in industry and in fisheries. Our findings highlighted the importance of further studies along the food web chain for a better understanding of the diffusion and possible consequences of this terrible threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Savoca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - G Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - M Mancuso
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), CNR Section of Messina Spianata San Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - T Bottari
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), CNR Section of Messina Spianata San Raineri 86, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - R Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - C Branca
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Italy
| | - V Romano
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Italy
| | - C Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - G D'Angelo
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Italy
| | - N Spanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, Italy
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Fan L, Wang Z, Chen M, Qu Y, Li J, Zhou A, Xie S, Zeng F, Zou J. Microbiota comparison of Pacific white shrimp intestine and sediment at freshwater and marine cultured environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 657:1194-1204. [PMID: 30677886 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental microbiota plays important roles in the intestinal microbiota of aquatic animals. The Pacific white shrimp with high commercial value and euryhaline property has become the most important commercial species of shrimp in the world. However, the association between shrimp intestine and sediment at freshwater and marine cultured environment should be investigated to reveal the microbiota differences. In the present study, Miseq sequencing technology and bioinformatics were used to comprehensively compare the bacterial communities and all samples' V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. Results showed that 55 phyla and 789 genera were identified due to the classifiable sequence. Sequencing data demonstrated statistically significant diverse microbiota compositions in the shrimp intestine and sediment at freshwater and marine cultured environment at the phylum and genus level. At the phylum level, the dominant phyla in all groups were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Saccharibacteria. Proteobacteria were the most abundant and largest phylum except in the intestine of marine cultured shrimp and Actinobacteria may be enriched in the shrimp intestine from sediment. At the genus level, nine out of the twelve dominant genera exhibited statistically significant differences among all groups. Moreover, Lactobacillus tend to be enriched in the freshwater cultured shrimp intestine, while Synechococcus and Vibrio extremely abundance in the marine cultured shrimp intestine. These results showed that the bacterial compositions are mostly the same in shrimp intestine and sediment, while with different relative abundances of the bacterial communities. In conclusion, this study may greatly enhance our understanding of the microbiota characteristics between shrimp and sediment. Moreover, it provided guidance for the healthy aquaculture at freshwater and marine cultured environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Miaoshan Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yuexin Qu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shaolin Xie
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Fang Zeng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jixing Zou
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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