301
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Duggan MR, Parikh V. Microglia and modifiable life factors: Potential contributions to cognitive resilience in aging. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113207. [PMID: 33640394 PMCID: PMC8005490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing prevalence of age-related cognitive decline, it is relevant to consider the factors and mechanisms that might facilitate an individual's resiliency to such deficits. Growing evidence suggests a preeminent role of microglia, the prime mediator of innate immunity within the central nervous system. Human and animal investigations suggest aberrant microglial functioning and neuroinflammation are not only characteristic of the aged brain, but also might contribute to age-related dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Conversely, accumulating data suggest that modifiable lifestyle factors (MLFs), such as healthy diet, exercise and cognitive engagement, can reliably afford cognitive benefits by potentially suppressing inflammation in the aging brain. The present review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the role for microglia in maintaining brain homeostasis and cognitive functioning in aging. Moreover, we propose an integrated, mechanistic model that postulates an individual's resiliency to cognitive decline afforded by MLFs might be mediated by the mitigation of aberrant microglia activation in aging, and subsequent suppression of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
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302
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Nouri-Majd S, Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. The Association between Adherence to the MIND Diet and Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Dig Dis 2021; 40:198-205. [PMID: 33951649 DOI: 10.1159/000517015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS No earlier study examined the association between adherence to the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet and odds of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study was conducted to examine the relationship between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of IBS among Iranian adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, dietary intakes of 3,362 adults were examined using a validated Dish-Based 106-item Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (DS-FFQ). The MIND diet score was constructed based on participants' dietary intakes obtained from DS-FFQ. IBS was evaluated using a modified Persian version of the Rome III questionnaire. RESULTS Overall, 22.2% of the study population were affected by IBS (n = 748). We observed no significant relationship between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of IBS in the whole population (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.71-1.31). By gender and BMI status, no significant association between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of IBS was seen. Also, no significant association was found between adherence to the MIND diet and IBS subtypes. CONCLUSION No significant association was found between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of IBS. Further studies are needed to examine the association between dietary patterns and IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Nouri-Majd
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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303
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Nop O, Senft Miller A, Culver H, Makarewicz J, Dumas JA. Nicotine and Cognition in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:640674. [PMID: 34025390 PMCID: PMC8131527 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.640674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic system has been shown to be the primary neurotransmitter system which is responsible for the cognitive symptoms associated with dementia; its role in healthy non-demented older adults remains a gap in the literature. Understanding the effects of age-related functional changes on the nicotinic system will address this knowledge gap. As the older adult population grows and hence the importance of understanding cognitive changes that impact functional abilities and everyday life. In this article we examine the benefits of using nicotine as a method for improving cognition in non-demented healthy older adults which may have the potential for slowing neurodegeneration in aging. Furthermore, we discuss how nicotine can play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive abilities throughout normal cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Nop
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Anna Senft Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Hannah Culver
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jenna Makarewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Julie A Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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304
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Vrijsen J, Matulessij TF, Joxhorst T, de Rooij SE, Smidt N. Knowledge, health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction among the Dutch general population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:857. [PMID: 33941128 PMCID: PMC8094456 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Positive health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction may encourage adopting a healthy behaviour. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the knowledge, health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction among the Dutch general population and its association with the intention to change health behaviours. Methods A random sample of Dutch residents (30 to 80 years) was invited to complete an online survey. We collected data on knowledge, health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia (risk reduction) and the intention to change health behaviours. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to obtain effect estimates. Results Six hundred fifty-five participants completed the survey. In general, participants had insufficient knowledge about dementia and dementia risk reduction. Participants had relatively high scores on general health motivation and perceived benefits, but low scores on perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, cues to action and self-efficacy. Individuals with higher scores on perceived benefits and cues to action had more often the intention to change their behaviour with regard to physical activity (OR = 1.33, 95%-CI:1.11–1.58; OR = 1.13, 95%-CI:1.03–1.24, respectively) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.30, 95%-CI:1.00–1.69; OR = 1.17, 95%-CI:1.02–1.35, respectively). Younger excessive alcohol consumers with higher perceived severity scores had more often the intention to change their alcohol consumption behaviour (OR = 2.70, 95%-CI:1.04–6.97) compared to older excessive alcohol consumers. Opposite results were found for middle-aged excessive alcohol consumers (OR = 0.81, 95%-CI:0.67–0.99). Individuals who perceived more barriers had more often the intention to change their diet (OR = 1.10, 95%-CI:1.01–1.21), but less often the intention to change their smoking behaviour (OR = 0.78, 95%-CI:0.63–0.98). Moreover, less educated individuals with higher perceived benefits scores had less often the intention to change their diet (OR = 0.78, 95%-CI:0.60–0.99), while highly educated individuals with higher perceived benefits scores had more often the intention to change their diet (OR = 1.41, 95%-CI:1.12–1.78). Conclusions The knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction among the Dutch general population is insufficient to support dementia risk reduction. More education about dementia and dementia risk reduction is needed to improve health beliefs and attitudes towards dementia and dementia risk reduction in order to change health behaviour. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10913-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vrijsen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30 001, FA40, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - T F Matulessij
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30 001, FA40, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T Joxhorst
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30 001, FA40, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S E de Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - N Smidt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30 001, FA40, 9700, RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
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305
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Salari-Moghaddam A, Nouri-Majd S, Shakeri F, Keshteli AH, Benisi-Kohansal S, Saadatnia M, Esmaillzadeh A. The association between adherence to the MIND diet and stroke: a case-control study. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1956-1961. [PMID: 33926371 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1918982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although some components of MIND diet were associated with stroke, no information is available on the association between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of stroke. This study was conducted to investigate the association between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of stroke among Iranian adults. METHODS This case-control study was done on 193 hospitalized stroke cases and 195 hospital-based controls in Al-Zahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Dietary intakes of study participants were assessed using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The MIND diet score was computed based on participants' dietary intakes obtained from FFQ. Stroke was confirmed by a trained neurologist using standard imaging methods. RESULTS After controlling for age, sex, energy intake, physical activity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and heart disease, there was no significant association between adherence to the MIND diet and stroke (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.26, 1.12). However, after further adjustment for BMI, we found that those with the greatest adherence to the MIND diet were less likely to have stroke compared with those with the lowest adherence; such that greater adherence to the MIND diet was associated with a 59% reduced odds of stroke (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.18-0.94). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we found that adherence to the MIND diet was inversely associated with odds of stroke in a case-control study. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Nouri-Majd
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Shakeri
- Medical Students' Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saadatnia
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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306
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Mao XY, Yin XX, Guan QW, Xia QX, Yang N, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ, Jin WL. Dietary nutrition for neurological disease therapy: Current status and future directions. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107861. [PMID: 33901506 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adequate food intake and relative abundance of dietary nutrients have undisputed effects on the brain function. There is now substantial evidence that dietary nutrition aids in the prevention and remediation of neurologic symptoms in diverse pathological conditions. The newly described influences of dietary factors on the alterations of mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic modification and neuroinflammation are important mechanisms that are responsible for the action of nutrients on the brain health. In this review, we discuss the state of evidence supporting that distinct dietary interventions including dietary supplement and dietary restriction have the ability to tackle neurological disorders using Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis as examples. Additionally, it is also highlighting that diverse potential mechanisms such as metabolic control, epigenetic modification, neuroinflammation and gut-brain axis are of utmost importance for nutrient supply to the risk of neurologic condition and therapeutic response. Finally, we also highlight the novel concept that dietary nutrient intervention reshapes metabolism-epigenetics-immunity cycle to remediate brain dysfunction. Targeting metabolism-epigenetics-immunity network will delineate a new blueprint for combating neurological weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Xi-Xi Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi-Wen Guan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qin-Xuan Xia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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307
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Halloway S, Dhana K, Desai P, Agarwal P, Holland T, Aggarwal NT, Evers J, Sacks FM, Carey VJ, Barnes LL. Free-living standing activity as assessed by seismic accelerometers and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: The MIND trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1981-1987. [PMID: 33835152 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few older adults are able to achieve recommended levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity despite known cognitive benefits. Alternatively, less intense activities such as standing can be easily integrated into daily life. No existing study has examined the impact of free-living standing activity during daily life as measured by a device on cognition in older adults. Our purpose was to examine the association between free-living standing activity and cognitive function in cognitively healthy older adults. METHODS Participants were 98 adult participants aged 65 years or older from the ongoing MIND trial (NCT02817074) without diagnoses or symptoms of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Linear regression analyses tested cross-sectional associations between standing activity (duration and intensity from the MoveMonitor+ accelerometer/gyroscope) and cognition (4 cognitive domains constructed from 12 cognitive performance tests). RESULTS Participants were on average 69.7 years old (SD = 3.7), 69.4% women, and 73.5% had a college degree or higher. Higher mean intensity of standing activity was significantly associated with higher levels of perceptual speed when adjusting for age, gender, and education level. Each log unit increase in standing activity intensity was associated with 0.72 units higher of perceptual speed (p=.023). When we additionally adjusted for cognitive activities and moderate-vigorous physical activity, and then also for body mass index, depressive symptoms, prescription medication use, and device wear time, the positive association remained. CONCLUSIONS These findings should be further explored in longitudinal analyses and interventions for cognition that incorporate small changes to free-living activity in addition to promoting moderate-vigorous physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Halloway
- Rush University College of Nursing, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Pankaja Desai
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas Holland
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Neelum T Aggarwal
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Frank M Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Vincent J Carey
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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308
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Metcalfe‐Roach A, Yu AC, Golz E, Cirstea M, Sundvick K, Kliger D, Foulger LH, Mackenzie M, Finlay BB, Appel‐Cresswell S. MIND and Mediterranean Diets Associated with Later Onset of Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:977-984. [PMID: 33404118 PMCID: PMC8248352 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MIND diet has been linked with prevention of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline but has not been fully assessed in the context of Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of the present study was to determine whether MIND diet adherence is associated with the age of Parkinson's disease onset in a manner superior to that of the Mediterranean diet. METHODS Food Frequency Questionnaires from 167 participants with PD and 119 controls were scored for MIND and 2 versions of Mediterranean diet adherence. Scores were compared between sex and disease subgroups, and PD diet adherence was correlated with age at onset using univariate and multivariate linear models. RESULTS The female subgroup adhered more closely to the MIND diet than the male subgroup, and diet scores were not modified by disease status. Later age of onset correlated most strongly with MIND diet adherence in the female subgroup, corresponding to differences of up to 17.4 years (P < 0.001) between low and high dietary tertiles. Greek Mediterranean adherence was also significantly associated with later PD onset across all models (P = 0.05-0.03). Conversely, only Greek Mediterranean diet adherence remained correlated with later onset across all models in men, with differences of up to 8.4 years (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study found a strong correlation between age of onset of PD and dietary habits, suggesting that nutritional strategies may be an effective tool to delay PD onset. Further studies may help to elucidate potential nutrition-related sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms and differential prevalence rates in PD. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avril Metcalfe‐Roach
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Michael Smith LaboratoriesUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Adam C. Yu
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ella Golz
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mihai Cirstea
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Michael Smith LaboratoriesUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Kristen Sundvick
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Daniel Kliger
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Liam H. Foulger
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Melissa Mackenzie
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - B. Brett Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Michael Smith LaboratoriesUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Silke Appel‐Cresswell
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of MedicineUBCVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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309
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Kaliszewska A, Allison J, Martini M, Arias N. Improving Age-Related Cognitive Decline through Dietary Interventions Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073574. [PMID: 33808221 PMCID: PMC8036520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is inevitable and it is one of the major contributors to cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline are still the object of extensive research. At the biological level, it is unknown how the aging brain is subjected to progressive oxidative stress and neuroinflammation which determine, among others, mitochondrial dysfunction. The link between mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment is becoming ever more clear by the presence of significant neurological disturbances in human mitochondrial diseases. Possibly, the most important lifestyle factor determining mitochondrial functioning is nutrition. Therefore, with the present work, we review the latest findings disclosing a link between nutrition, mitochondrial functioning and cognition, and pave new ways to counteract cognitive decline in late adulthood through diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kaliszewska
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Joseph Allison
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Matteo Martini
- Department of Psychology, University of East London, London E154LZ, UK;
| | - Natalia Arias
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33005 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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310
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Hewlings SJ, Draayer K, Kalman DS. Palm Fruit Bioactive Complex (PFBc), a Source of Polyphenols, Demonstrates Potential Benefits for Inflammaging and Related Cognitive Function. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041127. [PMID: 33808068 PMCID: PMC8066389 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function is a key aspect of healthy aging. Inflammation associated with normal aging, also called inflammaging is a primary risk factor for cognitive decline. A diet high in fruits and vegetable and lower in calories, particularly a Mediterranean Diet, may lower the risk of age-related cognitive decline due in part to the associated high intake of antioxidants and polyphenols. A phenolic, Palm Fruit Bioactive complex (PFBc) derived from the extraction process of palm oil from oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis), is reported to offset inflammation due to its high antioxidant, especially vitamin E, and polyphenol content. The benefit is thought to be achieved via the influence of antioxidants on gene expression. It is the purpose of this comprehensive review to discuss the etiology, including gene expression, of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) specific to dietary intake of antioxidants and polyphenols and to focus on the potential impact of nutritional interventions specifically PFBc has on MCI. Several in vitro, in vivo and animal studies support multiple benefits of PFBc especially for improving cognitive function via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. While more human studies are needed, those completed thus far support the benefit of consuming PFBc to enhance cognitive function via its anti-inflammatory antioxidant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Hewlings
- The Herbert H & Grace A. Dow College of Health Professions, Nutrition, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
- Nutrasource/GRAS Associates, Scientific Affairs, Guelph, ON N1G0B4, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Kristin Draayer
- EDGE Veterinary Vaccines Consulting Group, 315 MAIN STREET 201, Ames, IA 50010, USA;
| | - Douglas S. Kalman
- Nutrasource/GRAS Associates, Scientific Affairs, Guelph, ON N1G0B4, Canada;
- Nutrion Department, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
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311
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Abstract
This article describes the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including incidence and prevalence, mortality and morbidity, use and costs of care, and the overall impact on caregivers and society. The Special Report discusses the challenges of providing equitable health care for people with dementia in the United States. An estimated 6.2 million Americans age 65 and older are living with Alzheimer's dementia today. This number could grow to 13.8 million by 2060 barring the development of medical breakthroughs to prevent, slow or cure AD. Official death certificates recorded 121,499 deaths from AD in 2019, the latest year for which data are available, making Alzheimer's the sixth-leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth-leading cause of death among Americans age 65 and older. Between 2000 and 2019, deaths from stroke, heart disease and HIV decreased, whereas reported deaths from AD increased more than 145%. This trajectory of deaths from AD was likely exacerbated in 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic. More than 11 million family members and other unpaid caregivers provided an estimated 15.3 billion hours of care to people with Alzheimer's or other dementias in 2020. These figures reflect a decline in the number of caregivers compared with a decade earlier, as well as an increase in the amount of care provided by each remaining caregiver. Unpaid dementia caregiving was valued at $256.7 billion in 2020. Its costs, however, extend to family caregivers' increased risk for emotional distress and negative mental and physical health outcomes - costs that have been aggravated by COVID-19. Average per-person Medicare payments for services to beneficiaries age 65 and older with AD or other dementias are more than three times as great as payments for beneficiaries without these conditions, and Medicaid payments are more than 23 times as great. Total payments in 2021 for health care, long-term care and hospice services for people age 65 and older with dementia are estimated to be $355 billion. Despite years of efforts to make health care more equitable in the United States, racial and ethnic disparities remain - both in terms of health disparities, which involve differences in the burden of illness, and health care disparities, which involve differences in the ability to use health care services. Blacks, Hispanics, Asian Americans and Native Americans continue to have a higher burden of illness and lower access to health care compared with Whites. Such disparities, which have become more apparent during COVID-19, extend to dementia care. Surveys commissioned by the Alzheimer's Association recently shed new light on the role of discrimination in dementia care, the varying levels of trust between racial and ethnic groups in medical research, and the differences between groups in their levels of concern about and awareness of Alzheimer's disease. These findings emphasize the need to increase racial and ethnic diversity in both the dementia care workforce and in Alzheimer's clinical trials.
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312
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Carotenoid Extract Derived from Euglena gracilis Overcomes Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in Microglia: Role of NF-κB and Nrf2 Signaling Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3515-3528. [PMID: 33745115 PMCID: PMC8257518 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Activation of microglia results in the increased production and release of a series of inflammatory and neurotoxic mediators, which play essential roles in structural and functional neuronal damage and in the development and progression of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. The microalga Euglena gracilis (Euglena), rich in vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients, has gained increasing attention due to its antimicrobial, anti-viral, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. In particular, anti-inflammatory properties of Euglena could exert neuroprotective functions in different neurodegenerative diseases related to inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of Euglena are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether Euglena could attenuate microglia activation and we also studied the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory activity. Our results showed that non-cytotoxic concentrations of a Euglena acetone extract (EAE) downregulated the mRNA expression levels and release of pro-inflammatory mediators, including NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated microglia. EAE also significantly blocked the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit and increased the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Furthermore, the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and NF-κB activation were also blocked by EAE in the presence of ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor. Together, these results show that EAE overcomes LPS-induced microglia pro-inflammatory responses through downregulation of NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 signaling pathways, although the two pathways seem to get involved in an independent manner.
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313
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Wójcik D, Szczechowiak K, Konopka P, Owczarek M, Kuzia A, Rydlewska-Liszkowska I, Pikala M. Informal Dementia Caregivers: Current Technology Use and Acceptance of Technology in Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063167. [PMID: 33808644 PMCID: PMC8003488 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Given the increased social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the challenges faced by informal dementia caregivers have increased. An increasing use of technology, both in care and dementia clinical trials, depends upon caregivers' abilities as a user. Accordingly, the aim of our study was to verify the current technology (smartphone and computer) use and acceptance in care, regarding socio-demographic variables; (2) Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 102 dementia caregivers, mostly of patients with moderate dementia; (3) Results: The majority of participants were women (63%), and large number of them used technological devices such as a smartphone (91%) or computer (81%). Results revealed differences between age, gender, and education level on technology acceptance. Interestingly, smartphone use and acceptance seemed to be feasible, regardless of age, whereas computer use was negatively correlated with age. Technology was perceived by respondents as most useful for patients' activities including locomotion, toileting, and meals; (4) Conclusions: The future of technology use in dementia care should indicate solutions tailored to individual characteristics such as new technology solutions (GPS trackers, smartphone apps, dietary intervention, and meal planning apps).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wójcik
- Department of Management and Logistics in Health Care, Medical University of Lodz, Poland InterDoktorMen Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
- Wroclaw’s Alzheimer Center, 53-659 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social and Preventive Medicine of the Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-505134649
| | | | - Patrycja Konopka
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-378 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Owczarek
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Agata Kuzia
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Izabela Rydlewska-Liszkowska
- Department of Management and Logistics in Health Care, Medical University of Lodz, Poland InterDoktorMen Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Pikala
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social and Preventive Medicine of the Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland;
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314
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Charisis S, Ntanasi E, Yannakoulia M, Anastasiou CA, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Scarmeas N. Mediterranean diet and risk for dementia and cognitive decline in a Mediterranean population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:1548-1559. [PMID: 33724444 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence suggests that nutrition in general and specific dietary patterns in particular, such as the Mediterranean type diet (MeDi), can be employed as potential preventive strategies against the development of dementia and cognitive decline. However, longitudinal data exploring the applicability of these findings in populations of Mediterranean origin are limited. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential relationships of MeDi adherence with dementia incidence rates and cognitive change over time in a traditional Mediterranean population, characterized by a lifelong exposure to Mediterranean eating habits and lifestyle. METHODS The sample consisted of 1046 non-demented individuals over the age of 64 (mean age = 73.1; SD = 5.0), with available baseline dietary information and longitudinal follow-up. Diagnosis of dementia was made by a full clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, while cognitive performance was assessed according to five cognitive domains (memory, language, attention-speed, executive functioning, visuospatial perception) and a global cognitive score. Adherence to MeDi was evaluated by an a priori score (range 0-55), derived from a detailed food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 62 incident dementia cases occurred during a mean (SD) of 3.1 (0.9) years of follow-up. Individuals in the highest MeDi quartile (highest adherence to MeDi) had a 72% lower risk for development of dementia, compared to those in the lowest one (p = 0.013). In addition, analysis of cognitive performance as a function of MeDi score revealed that the biennial cognitive benefit of a 10-unit increase in MeDi score offsets the cognitive decline associated with 1 year of cognitive aging. CONCLUSION In the present study, higher adherence to MeDi was associated with a reduced risk for dementia and cognitive decline in a traditional Mediterranean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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315
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Abstract
A three-part mechanism is proposed for the induction of Alzheimer’s disease: (1) decreased blood lactic acid; (2) increased blood ceramide and adipokines; (3) decreased blood folic acid. The age-related nature of these mechanisms comes from age-associated decreased muscle mass, increased visceral fat and changes in diet. This mechanism also explains why many people do not develop Alzheimer’s disease. Simple changes in lifestyle and diet can prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is caused by a cascade of events that culminates in damage to the blood–brain barrier and damage to neurons. The blood–brain barrier keeps toxic molecules out of the brain and retains essential molecules in the brain. Lactic acid is a nutrient to the brain and is produced by exercise. Damage to endothelial cells and pericytes by inadequate lactic acid leads to blood–brain barrier damage and brain damage. Inadequate folate intake and oxidative stress induced by activation of transient receptor potential cation channels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase damage the blood–brain barrier. NAD depletion due to inadequate intake of nicotinamide and alterations in the kynurenine pathway damages neurons. Changes in microRNA levels may be the terminal events that cause neuronal death leading to Alzheimer’s disease. A new mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease induction is presented involving lactic acid, ceramide, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, folate, nicotinamide, kynurenine metabolites and microRNA.
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316
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Liu X, Morris MC, Dhana K, Ventrelle J, Johnson K, Bishop L, Hollings CS, Boulin A, Laranjo N, Stubbs BJ, Reilly X, Carey VJ, Wang Y, Furtado JD, Marcovina SM, Tangney C, Aggarwal NT, Arfanakis K, Sacks FM, Barnes LL. Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 102:106270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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317
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Associations of the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet with cardiac remodelling in the community: the Framingham Heart Study. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1888-1896. [PMID: 33618785 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal cardiac function is directly associated with the maintenance of cerebrovascular health. Whether the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, designed for the maintenance of neurocognitive health, is associated with cardiac remodelling is unknown. We evaluated 2512 Framingham Offspring Cohort participants who attended the eighth examination cycle and had available dietary and echocardiographic data (mean age 66 years; 55 % women). Using multivariable regression, we related the cumulative MIND diet score (independent variable) to left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, left atrial emptying fraction, LV mass (LVM), E/e' ratio (dependent variables; primary), global longitudinal strain, global circumferential strain (GCS), mitral annular plane systolic excursion, longitudinal segmental synchrony, LV hypertrophy and aortic root diameter (secondary). Adjusting for age, sex and energy intake, higher cumulative MIND diet scores were associated with lower values of indices of LV diastolic (E/e' ratio: logβ = -0·03) and systolic function (GCS: β = -0·04) and with higher values of LVM (logβ = 0·02), all P ≤ 0·01. We observed effect modification by age in the association between the cumulative MIND diet score and GCS. When we further adjusted for clinical risk factors, the associations of the cumulative MIND diet score with GCS in participants ≥66 years (β = -0·06, P = 0·005) and LVM remained significant. In our community-based sample, relations between the cumulative MIND diet score and cardiac remodelling differ among indices of LV structure and function. Our results suggest that favourable associations between a higher cumulative MIND diet score and indices of LV function may be influenced by cardiometabolic and lifestyle risk factors.
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318
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Carotenoids and Cognitive Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Intervention Trials. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020223. [PMID: 33540909 PMCID: PMC7913239 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that diet can modify the risk of future cognitive impairment and dementia. A biologically plausible rationale and initial clinical data indicate that the antioxidant activities of dietary carotenoids may assist the preservation of cognitive function. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted to examine the relationship between carotenoid supplementation and cognitive performance. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from their inception to July 2020. A total of 435 studies were retrieved. Abstract screening using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria was followed by full-text screening and data extraction of study characteristics and measured outcomes. A meta-analysis of eligible trials was performed using a random-effects model to estimate pooled effect size. We identified 9 studies with a total of 4402 nondemented subjects, whose age ranged from 45 to 78 years. Results of the pooled meta-analysis found a significant effect of carotenoid intervention on cognitive outcomes (Hedge’s g = 0.14; 95% confidence interval: 0.08, 0.20, p < 0.0001). There was no evidence of heterogeneity among the studies (τ2 = 0.00, I2 = 0.00%, H2 = 1.00) or publication bias. Although further studies are needed, our results suggest that carotenoid interventions are associated with better cognitive performance. Thus, these dietary compounds may help to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
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319
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Consumption of Oleic Acid on the Preservation of Cognitive Functions in Japanese Elderly Individuals. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020284. [PMID: 33498506 PMCID: PMC7909548 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We recruited 154 community-dwelling elderly individuals and conducted a cohort study to find out the nutrient intake that is suitable for maintaining cognitive function in Japanese elders. Cognitive function was evaluated by the two functional tests, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Delayed Recall (WMS-DR), and daily nutrient intake was estimated from a Brief-type Self-administered Diet History Questionnaire (BDHQ). By a multiple regression analysis, among the four major nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash), we detected a significant correlation between the score of cognitive functions assessed by both MoCA and WMS-DR and daily consumption of fat (p = 0.0317 and p = 0.0111, respectively). Among categories of fatty acid, we found a significant correlation between the score of both MoCA and WMS-DR and consumption of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (p = 0.0157 and p = 0.0136, respectively). Finally, among MUFAs, we observed a significant correlation between the score of both MoCA and WMS-DR and consumption of oleic acid (p = 0.0405 and p = 0.0165, respectively). From these observations, we can propose that daily consumption of fat, especially in oleic acid, has a beneficial effect against cognitive decline in community-dwelling Japanese elderly individuals.
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320
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Agarwal P, Dhana K, Barnes LL, Holland TM, Zhang Y, Evans DA, Morris MC. Unhealthy foods may attenuate the beneficial relation of a Mediterranean diet to cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1157-1165. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwal
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Lisa L. Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Thomas M Holland
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Denis A. Evans
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Martha Clare Morris
- Rush Institute of Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois USA
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321
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Nishi SK, Babio N, Gómez-Martínez C, Martínez-González MÁ, Ros E, Corella D, Castañer O, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Martín Sánchez V, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, Razquin C, Coltell O, Becerra-Tomás N, De La Torre Fornell R, Abete I, Sorto-Sanchez C, Barón-López FJ, Signes-Pastor AJ, Konieczna J, Garcia-Rios A, Casas R, Gomez-Perez AM, Santos-Lozano JM, García-Arellano A, Guillem-Saiz P, Ni J, Trinidad Soria-Florido M, Zulet MÁ, Vaquero-Luna J, Toledo E, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function: The 2-Year Longitudinal Changes in an Older Spanish Cohort. Front Aging Neurosci 2021. [PMID: 34966270 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.782067/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a priori dietary patterns (Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND diets) with 2-year changes in cognitive performance in older adults with overweight or obesity and high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: A prospective cohort analysis was conducted within the PREDIMED-Plus trial, involving 6,647 men and women aged 55-75 years with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Using a validated, semiquantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire completed at baseline, the dietary pattern adherence scores were calculated. An extensive neuropsychological test battery was administered at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to assess associations between 2-year changes in cognitive function z-scores across tertiles of baseline adherence to the a priori dietary patterns. Results: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet at baseline was associated with 2-year changes in the general cognitive screening Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, β: 0.070; 95% CI: 0.014, 0.175, P-trend = 0.011), and two executive function-related assessments: the Trail Making Tests Part A (TMT-A, β: -0.054; 95% CI: -0.110, - 0.002, P-trend = 0.047) and Part B (TMT-B, β: -0.079; 95% CI: -0.134, -0.024, P-trend = 0.004). Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with the backward recall Digit Span Test assessment of working memory (DST-B, β: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.114, P-trend = 0.045). However, higher adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was not associated with better cognitive function over a period of 2 years. Conclusion: In older Spanish individuals with overweight or obesity and at high cardiovascular disease risk, higher baseline adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be associated with better cognitive performance than lower adherence over a period of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K Nishi
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Toronto 3D (Diet, Digestive Tract and Disease) Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Babio
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Martínez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emilio Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Lipid Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J Luís Serra-Majem
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d' Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael De La Torre Fornell
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Sorto-Sanchez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barón-López
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio José Signes-Pastor
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Gomez-Perez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana García-Arellano
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Guillem-Saiz
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jiaqi Ni
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Ángeles Zulet
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jessica Vaquero-Luna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
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322
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Lu J, Guo QQ, Wang Y, Zuo ZX, Li YY. The Evolutionary Stage of Cognitive Frailty and Its Changing Characteristics in Old Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:467-478. [PMID: 33786564 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the evolutionary stage of the elderly from the normal to the cognitive frailty, and to identify the important factors which influenced the changes of the cognitive frailty stage from the «physiological-psychological-social» perspective. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A random cluster sampling was used to recruit 4,010 old adults living in community from Shanxi province in China. MEASUREMENTS Data were collected by face-to-face questionnaire survey. Multinomial logistic regression was used to screen the factors contributing to the 6 population groups with various cognitive functions and frailty status. Principal component analysis was used to redefine the evolutionary stages of cognitive frailty, while the orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis and binary logistic regression were used to identify the important factors and distinguish different stages and influence directions. RESULTS The factors contributing to the population with various cognitive functions and frailty status were involved in all aspects of «physical-psychological-social». Apart from normal group, other 5 groups were clustered into «stage of frailty change» and « stage of cognitive frailty change». Aging, early onset of chronic diseases, high pain intensity, and poor nutritional status might deteriorate the individual's evolution from "normal stage" to "stage of frailty change", while the increasing social activity might promote the individual's health. Simultaneously, early onset of chronic diseases, high pain intensity and poor nutritional status also played important roles in the evolution of individual from "stage of frailty change" to "stage of cognitive frailty change". CONCLUSION The formation of cognitive frailty might experience the «normal-frailty-cognitive frailty» stages change, and both the prevention and intervention of frailty might delay the occurrence of cognitive frailty. Therefore, the strategies for both prevention and intervention among old adults should be throughout centered on the parts of preventing the premature onset of chronic diseases, carrying out stage-tailored nutrition intervention, and establishing standardized pain management, especially the part of increasing the social activities among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lu
- Jiao Lu, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Box No. 1042, 030001, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, Tel: +86 13100096395,
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323
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Morley JE. Editorial: Management of Cognitive Dysfunction. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:819-820. [PMID: 34409959 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J E Morley
- John E. Morley, MB, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University, SLUCare Academic Pavilion, Section 2500, 1008 S. Spring Ave., 2nd Floor St. Louis, MO 63110, , Twitter: @drjohnmorley
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324
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Romanenko M, Kholin V, Koliada A, Vaiserman A. Nutrition, Gut Microbiota, and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:712673. [PMID: 34421687 PMCID: PMC8374099 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.712673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Evidence is obtained that the gut microbiota is a key player in these processes. Dietary changes (both adverse and beneficial) may influence the microbiome composition, thereby affecting the gut-brain axis and the subsequent risk for Alzheimer's disease progression. In this review, the research findings that support the role of intestinal microbiota in connection between nutritional factors and the risk for Alzheimer's disease onset and progression are summarized. The mechanisms potentially involved in these processes as well as the potential of probiotics and prebiotics in therapeutic modulation of contributed pathways are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Romanenko
- Laboratory of Dietetics, D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor Kholin
- Department of Age Physiology and Pathology of the Nervous System, D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Alexander Vaiserman
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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325
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Krivanek TJ, Gale SA, McFeeley BM, Nicastri CM, Daffner KR. Promoting Successful Cognitive Aging: A Ten-Year Update. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:871-920. [PMID: 33935078 PMCID: PMC8293659 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A decade has passed since we published a comprehensive review in this journal addressing the topic of promoting successful cognitive aging, making this a good time to take stock of the field. Because there have been limited large-scale, randomized controlled trials, especially following individuals from middle age to late life, some experts have questioned whether recommendations can be legitimately offered about reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Despite uncertainties, clinicians often need to at least make provisional recommendations to patients based on the highest quality data available. Converging lines of evidence from epidemiological/cohort studies, animal/basic science studies, human proof-of-concept studies, and human intervention studies can provide guidance, highlighting strategies for enhancing cognitive reserve and preventing loss of cognitive capacity. Many of the suggestions made in 2010 have been supported by additional research. Importantly, there is a growing consensus among major health organizations about recommendations to mitigate cognitive decline and promote healthy cognitive aging. Regular physical activity and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors have been supported by all of these organizations. Most organizations have also embraced cognitively stimulating activities, a heart-healthy diet, smoking cessation, and countering metabolic syndrome. Other behaviors like regular social engagement, limiting alcohol use, stress management, getting adequate sleep, avoiding anticholinergic medications, addressing sensory deficits, and protecting the brain against physical and toxic damage also have been endorsed, although less consistently. In this update, we review the evidence for each of these recommendations and offer practical advice about behavior-change techniques to help patients adopt brain-healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor J. Krivanek
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seth A. Gale
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brittany M. McFeeley
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casey M. Nicastri
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kirk R. Daffner
- Center for Brain/Mind Medicine, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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326
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Cardiac electrical remodeling and neurodegenerative diseases association. Life Sci 2020; 267:118976. [PMID: 33387579 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac impairment contributes significantly to the mortality associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), primarily recognized as brain pathologies. These diseases may be caused by aggregation of a misfolded protein, most often, in the brain, although new evidence also reveals peripheral abnormalities. After characterization of the cardiac involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, several studies concentrated on elucidating the cause of the impaired cardiac function. However, most of the current knowledge is focused on the mechanical aspects of the heart rather than the electrical disturbances. The main objective of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in the elucidation of cardiac electrical remodeling in the neurodegenerative environment. We aimed to determine a crosstalk between the heart and the brain in three neurodegenerative conditions: AD, PD, and HD. We found that the most studies demonstrated important alterations in the electrocardiogram (ECG) of patients with neurodegeneration and in animal models of the conditions. We also showed that little is described when considering excitability disruptions in cardiomyocytes, for example, action potential impairments. It is a matter of contention whether central nervous system abnormalities or the peripheral ones increase the risk of heart diseases in patients with neurodegenerative conditions. To determine this notion, there is a need for new heart studies focusing specifically on the cardiac electrophysiology (e.g., ECG and cardiomyocyte excitability). This review could serve as an important guide in designing novel accurate approaches targeting the heart in neuronal conditions.
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327
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Moradi S, Moloudi J, Moradinazar M, Sarokhani D, Nachvak SM, Samadi M. Adherence to Healthy Diet Can Delay Alzheimer's Diseases Development: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:325-337. [PMID: 33505926 PMCID: PMC7813603 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.4.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy diet has long been indicated to be protective against Alzheimer’s diseases (AD). We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies to explore the relationship between healthy and unhealthy diets and risk of ADs. We screened PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Embase, and screened manually to identify relevant articles published in English and non-English until Jun 2020. We classified the studied dietary patterns into two groups: healthy and unhealthy diets. The pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to analyze the data using a random-effects model. The data were extracted manually and the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis checklist was used to appraise the risk of bias and quality of data. Of the 1,813 articles identified, 21 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the quantitative analysis. A healthy diet was related to a lower risk of AD [odds ratio (OR): 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.86, I2=99.7%; n=17 studies]. Moreover, high adherence to an unhealthy diet was not associated with increased risk of AD (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99, I2=0.0%; n=6 studies). However, the etiology of AD is uncertain and it is difficult draw conclusions about dietary healthy patterns. We concluded that adherence to a healthy diet is associated with a lower risk of AD, but were unable to find evidence that an unhealthy diet increases the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Moradi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
| | - Jalall Moloudi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
| | - Diana Sarokhani
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam 69311-57793, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
| | - Mehnoosh Samadi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
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328
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Theodore LE, Kellow NJ, McNeil EA, Close EO, Coad EG, Cardoso BR. Nut Consumption for Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:777-792. [PMID: 33330927 PMCID: PMC8166568 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is considered an important modifiable lifestyle factor capable of attenuating early cognitive changes in healthy older people. The inclusion of nuts in the diet has been investigated as a dietary strategy for maintenance of brain health across the lifespan. This review aimed to present up-to-date evidence regarding the association between nut intake and cognitive performance. Four databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Plus, and Embase) were systematically searched from inception to April 2020. Eligible articles were interventional or observational studies in humans aged ≥18 y that measured the effects (or association) of nuts (almond, hazelnut, macadamia, pistachio, walnut, pecan, pine nut, Brazil nut, cashew, peanut) on cognitive outcomes. Out of the 2374 articles identified in the searches, 22 involving 43,793 participants met the criteria and were ultimately included in this review. Memory (immediate and delayed), attention, processing speed, executive function, and visual-spatial ability, as well as risk of mild cognitive impairment, were the outcomes investigated. Lack of consistency across the studies regarding study design, types of nut used, and cognitive outcomes measured resulted in inconsistent evidence that the regular consumption of mixed nuts has a protective effect on cognition in adults of different ages. Nonetheless, we observed that studies targeting populations with a higher risk of cognitive decline tended to find a more favorable outcome. Furthermore, homogeneous findings were observed in the studies that specifically addressed the association between walnut consumption and cognitive performance: out of the 6 studies, including 2 randomized controlled trials, only 1 did not find a positive association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Theodore
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole J Kellow
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily A McNeil
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Evangeline O Close
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliza G Coad
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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329
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Fostinelli S, De Amicis R, Leone A, Giustizieri V, Binetti G, Bertoli S, Battezzati A, Cappa SF. Eating Behavior in Aging and Dementia: The Need for a Comprehensive Assessment. Front Nutr 2020; 7:604488. [PMID: 33392240 PMCID: PMC7772186 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.604488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating behavior can change during aging due to physiological, psychological, and social changes. Modifications can occur at different levels: (1) in food choice, (2) in eating habits, and (3) in dietary intake. A good dietary behavior, like the Mediterranean dietary pattern, can be a protective factor for some aging related pathologies, such as dementia, while a worse eating behavior can lead to pathological conditions such as malnutrition. Changes in eating behavior can also be linked to the onset of dementia: for some types of dementia, such as frontotemporal dementia, dietary changes are one of the key clinical diagnostic feature, for others, like Alzheimer's disease, weight loss is a clinical reported feature. For these reasons, it is important to be able to assess eating behavior in a proper way, considering that there are normal age-related changes. An adequate assessment of dietary behavior can help to plan preventive intervention strategies for heathy aging or can help to identify abnormal behaviors that underline aging related-diseases. In this review, we have analyzed normal age-related and dementia-related changes and the tools that can be used to assess eating behavior. Thus, we make recommendations to screening and monitoring eating behavior in aging and dementia, and to adopt these tools in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fostinelli
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ramona De Amicis
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Leone
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Giustizieri
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano F Cappa
- University School for Advanced Studies, Pavia, Italy.,IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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330
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Haghighatdoost F, Feizi A, Esmaillzadeh A, Keshteli AH, Roohafza H, Afshar H, Adibi P. The MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) and Mediterranean Diets are differently associated with psychosomatic complaints profile in adults: Results from SEPAHAN Cross-sectional study. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-200426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In spite of an obvious association between diet and mental health, there is only few report regarding the association between diet and psychosomatic complaints. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of the Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet with psychosomatic complaints profile in comparison with the Mediterranean diet (aMED). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study on 2818 Isfahanian adults, a validated dish-based food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. Psychosomatic complaints profile was evaluated through a self-administered Persian validated questionnaire by using exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS: After controlling for potential confounders, individuals in the highest quintile of the MIND diet had lower risk for experiencing psychological (odds ratio (OR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42, 0.86; P trend < 0.0001), and pharyngeal-respiratory (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.79; P = 0.002). The association for neuro-skeletal complaints was marginally significant (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43, 1.03; P = 0.093). The aMED diet tended to lower gastrointestinal complaints (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.01; P = 0.062). CONCLUSION: The MIND diet was inversely associated with different psychosomatic complaints risk, but no evidence of such an association for the MED diet was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department, School of Health and Psychosomatic research center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Cardiac rehabilitation research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- Cardiac rehabilitation research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Afshar
- Psychosomatic Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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331
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Grande G, Qiu C, Fratiglioni L. Prevention of dementia in an ageing world: Evidence and biological rationale. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101045. [PMID: 32171784 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As the population ages, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase in the coming decades, with consequences at the societal and individual levels. In this narrative review, we provide a summary of the scientific evidence concerning dementia prevention, with a focus on the following three strategies: 1) Targeting the body to protect the brain, including prevention and treatment of cardiovascular morbidity; 2) Compensatory interventions to counteract brain ageing, including education and life-long engagement in cognitively and socially stimulating activities; and 3) Lifespan health promotion, such as a physically active lifestyle, smoking cessation, and a healthy and balanced diet. Next, we consider the biological mechanisms by which these strategies may act by taking into account the main pathways implicated in the development and progression of dementia: neurodegeneration, brain resilience, vascular damage, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Based on the current evidence, and in line with the declining trends of dementia incidence in high-income countries, we conclude that timely multidomain preventive actions are promising strategies to reduce the dementia epidemic worldwide. There is still a considerable gap between the epidemiological evidence and its underlying biological mechanisms. Filling this gap will be crucial to move forward in dementia prevention worldwide.
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332
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Filippini T, Adani G, Malavolti M, Garuti C, Cilloni S, Vinceti G, Zamboni G, Tondelli M, Galli C, Costa M, Chiari A, Vinceti M. Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123682. [PMID: 33260315 PMCID: PMC7760835 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk of early-onset dementia (EOD) might be modified by environmental factors and lifestyles, including diet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary habits and EOD risk. We recruited 54 newly-diagnosed EOD patients in Modena (Northern Italy) and 54 caregivers as controls. We investigated dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire, assessing both food intake and adherence to dietary patterns, namely the Greek-Mediterranean, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. We modeled the relation between dietary factors and risk using the restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Cereal intake showed a U-shaped relation with EOD, with risk increasing above 350 g/day. A high intake (>400 g/day) of dairy products was also associated with excess risk. Although overall fish and seafood consumption showed no association with EOD risk, we found a U-shaped relation with preserved/tinned fish, and an inverse relation with other fish. Similarly, vegetables (especially leafy) showed a strong inverse association above 100 g/day, as did citrus and dry fruits. Overall, sweet consumption was not associated with EOD risk, while dry cake and ice-cream showed a positive relation and chocolate products an inverse one. For beverages, we found no relation with EOD risk apart from a U-shaped relation for coffee consumption. Concerning dietary patterns, EOD risk linearly decreased with the increasing adherence to the MIND pattern. On the other hand, an inverse association for the Greek-Mediterranean and DASH diets emerged only at very high adherence levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between dietary factors and EOD risk, and suggests that adherence to the MIND dietary pattern may decrease such risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giorgia Adani
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Caterina Garuti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Cilloni
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Giulia Vinceti
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (G.V.); (G.Z.)
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Galli
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
- Primary care Department, Modena Local Health Authority, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NeuroFARBA), University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Costa
- Neurology Unit of Carpi Hospital, Modena Local Health Authority, 41012 Carpi, Italy;
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Neurology Unit, Modena Policlinico-University Hospital, 41126 Modena, Italy; (M.T.); (C.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (G.A.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (S.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-2055481
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Mohammadpour S, Ghorbaninejad P, Janbozorgi N, Shab-Bidar S. Associations between adherence to MIND diet and metabolic syndrome and general and abdominal obesity: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:101. [PMID: 33292507 PMCID: PMC7673080 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of studies examining the association between Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of adherence to the MIND diet with MetS and general and abdominal obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 836 Iranian adults, 18-75 years old. A 167-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intakes of participants. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile of each participant were recorded. The guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used to define MetS. RESULTS Mean age of study participants was 47.7 ± 10.7 years. The prevalence of MetS was 36.1% and mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was 27.7 ± 4.69 kg/m2 and 92.0 ± 12.4 cm respectively. Those who were in the third tertile of the MIND diet score compared to the first tertile had 12% lower odds of having the MetS (ORs: 0.88; 95% CI 0.62-1.24) but the association was not significant (P = 0.77). There was a significant inverse association between the MIND diet score and odds of reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ORs: 0.59; 95% CI 0.41-0.85; P = 0.008) and general obesity (ORs: 1.190.80-1.78; 95% CI 0.80-1.78; P = 0.02) in crude model and after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSIONS We found that the MIND diet score is inversely associated with odds of reduced HDL and general obesity in Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mohammadpour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parivash Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Janbozorgi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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334
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Yuan C, Chen H, Wang Y, Schneider JA, Willett WC, Morris MC. Dietary carotenoids related to risk of incident Alzheimer dementia (AD) and brain AD neuropathology: a community-based cohort of older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 113:200-208. [PMID: 33184623 PMCID: PMC7779228 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have reported a protective relation to cognitive decline with long-term intake of total and individual dietary carotenoids. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been clearly established in humans. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prospective association between intakes of total and individual carotenoids and risk of incident Alzheimer dementia (AD) and explore the underlying neuropathological basis. METHODS Among 927 participants from the Rush Memory and Aging Project who were free from AD at baseline and were followed up for a mean of 7 y, we estimated HRs for AD using Cox proportional hazards models by intakes of energy-adjusted carotenoids. Brain AD neuropathology was assessed in postmortem brain autopsies among 508 deceased participants. We used linear regression to assess the association of carotenoid intake with AD-related neuropathology. RESULTS Higher intake of total carotenoids was associated with substantially lower hazard of AD after controlling for age, sex, education, ApoE-ε4, participation in cognitively stimulating activities, and physical activity level. Comparing the top and bottom quintiles (median intake: 24.8 compared with 6.7 mg/d) of total carotenoids, the multivariate HR (95% CI) was 0.52 (0.33, 0.81), P-trend < 0.01. A similar association was observed for lutein-zeaxanthin, a weaker linear inverse association was observed for β-carotene, and a marginally significant linear inverse association was found for β-cryptoxanthin. Among the deceased participants, consumers of higher total carotenoids (top compared with bottom tertile, 18.2 compared with 8.2 mg/d) had less global AD pathology (b: -0.10; SE = 0.04; P-trend = 0.01). For individual carotenoids, lutein-zeaxanthin and lycopene were inversely associated with brain global pathology, whereas lutein-zeaxanthin showed additional inverse associations with AD diagnostic score, neuritic plaque severity, and neurofibrillary tangle density and severity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a beneficial role of total carotenoid consumption, in particular lutein/zeaxanthin, on AD incidence that may be related to the inhibition of brain β-amyloid deposition and fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Big Data and Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Clare Morris
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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335
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Han B, Chen H, Yao Y, Liu X, Nie C, Min J, Zeng Y, Lutz MW. Genetic and non-genetic factors associated with the phenotype of exceptional longevity & normal cognition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19140. [PMID: 33154391 PMCID: PMC7645680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we split 2156 individuals from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) data into two groups, establishing a phenotype of exceptional longevity & normal cognition versus cognitive impairment. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify significant genetic variants and biological pathways that are associated with cognitive impairment and used these results to construct polygenic risk scores. We elucidated the important and robust factors, both genetic and non-genetic, in predicting the phenotype, using several machine learning models. The GWAS identified 28 significant SNPs at p-value [Formula: see text] significance level and we pinpointed four genes, ESR1, PHB, RYR3, GRIK2, that are associated with the phenotype though immunological systems, brain function, metabolic pathways, inflammation and diet in the CLHLS cohort. Using both genetic and non-genetic factors, four machine learning models have close prediction results for the phenotype measured in Area Under the Curve: random forest (0.782), XGBoost (0.781), support vector machine with linear kernel (0.780), and [Formula: see text] penalized logistic regression (0.780). The top four important and congruent features in predicting the phenotype identified by these four models are: polygenic risk score, sex, age, and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Huashuai Chen
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Business School of Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Nie
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Michael W Lutz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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336
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The association of dietary patterns with cognition through the lens of neuroimaging-a Systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101145. [PMID: 32818651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the reported benefits of diet on cognition in older adults, randomized controlled trials (RCT) testing the impact of dietary interventions on cognitive scores have yielded less promising results when cognition was assessed via neuropsychological tests. More recently, neuroimaging has been used to identify more subtle brain-related changes associated to cognition. Hence, employing a combination of neuroimaging techniques with neuropsychological tests could clarify this controversy. To determine the effect of diet on cognitive performance, we conducted a systematic review of PubMed and Scopus databases for all studies, on middle-aged and older adults, combining neuroimaging, neuropsychological tests, and data on dietary patterns. The inclusion criteria were met by 14 observational studies and no RCTs. The range of brain measures assessed varied from volumes to white matter integrity, functional connectivity, brain glucose metabolism and beta-amyloid deposition. Given the variability of methods used in assessing cognitive performance, diet and brain correlates, conducting a meta-analysis was not possible. Here the evidence suggests that, in observational studies, dietary patterns may be associated with brain correlates that have been shown to precede cognitive decline. As such, neuroimaging should be included in future RCTs to identify any benefits of diet on brain measures linked with cognitive health.
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337
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Doorduijn AS, de van der Schueren MAE, van de Rest O, de Leeuw FA, Hendriksen HMA, Teunissen CE, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM, Visser M. Nutritional Status Is Associated With Clinical Progression in Alzheimer's Disease: The NUDAD Project. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 24:638-644.e1. [PMID: 33239240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In cognitively normal adults, nutritional parameters are related to cognitive decline and incidence of dementia. Studies on the role of nutrition in predementia stages subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, and mild stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in a clinical setting are lacking. In the absence of a curative treatment, this evidence is important for targeting nutritional factors to potentially prevent or delay further cognitive decline. Our aim is to investigate associations of nutritional parameters with clinical progression in patients ranging from those who are cognitively normal to those who have AD dementia. DESIGN Longitudinal. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Memory clinic, 551 patients (219 with subjective cognitive decline, 135 with mild cognitive impairment, and 197 with AD dementia), mean age 64 ± 8 years. MEASUREMENTS We assessed body mass index, fat-free mass, Mini-Nutritional Assessment, and dietary intake with the Dutch Healthy Diet food frequency questionnaire and the 238-item healthy life in an urban setting (HELIUS) food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate associations of nutritional parameters with clinical progression. Additional analyses were restricted to patients who were amyloid positive. RESULTS We observed clinical progression in 170 patients (31%) over 2.2 ± 0.9 years. Poorer Mini-Nutritional Assessment score [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.39 (1.18-1.64)], lower body mass index [1.15 (0.96-1.38)], lower fat-free mass [1.40 (0.93-2.10)], and a less healthy dietary pattern [1.22 (1.01-1.48)] were associated with a higher risk of clinical progression. Similar effect sizes were found in patients who were amyloid positive. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Poorer nutritional status and a less healthy dietary pattern are associated with a higher risk of clinical progression. This study provides support for investigating whether improving nutritional status can alter the clinical trajectory of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Doorduijn
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marian A E de van der Schueren
- Department of Nutrition and Health, School of Allied Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ondine van de Rest
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francisca A de Leeuw
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen M A Hendriksen
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Faculty of Science, Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and the Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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An Exploratory Study of Correlates of Allostatic Load in Older People Living With HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 83:441-449. [PMID: 31914006 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people living with HIV (PLWH) experience poorer outcomes than seronegative counterparts. Allostatic load (AL) markers have shown utility as indicators of cumulative wear-and-tear of stress on biological systems. However, little is known about correlates of AL in PLWH. METHODS Ninety-six PLWH aged 50+ completed a comprehensive neurobehavioral assessment and blood draw. Select AL markers (ie, 10 blood markers) were available for a subset (n = 75) of seronegative controls. AL was operationalized as a sum of markers in the highest risk quartile for: cortisol, DHEA, IL-6, TNF-alpha, C-reactive protein, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index. RESULTS PLWH had higher risk levels than seronegatives with small-medium effect sizes for several biomarkers. Among HIV+ African Americans (84% of PLWH), higher AL was associated with lower psychological resilience (rho = -0.27, P = 0.02), less physical activity (rho = -0.29, P < 0.01), poorer neurocognitive functioning (rho = -0.26, P = 0.02), greater basic activity of daily living complaints (P < 0.01), and diabetes (P < 0.01). Multivariable regressions within African American PLWH for significant AL-outcome associations (ie, neurocognitive function, basic activity of daily living complaints, diabetes) showed that associations with AL remained significant when adjusting for relevant covariates. Mediation analysis suggested that the association between socioeconomic status and neurocognitive function was mediated by AL. CONCLUSIONS These exploratory findings are consistent with the larger aging literature, suggesting that lower AL may serve as a pathway to better health and functional outcomes, particularly in African American PLWH. Furthermore, resilience and physical activity may reduce AL in this population.
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Yaffe K, Barnes DE, Rosenberg D, Dublin S, Kaup AR, Ludman EJ, Vittinghoff E, Peltz CB, Renz AD, Adams KJ, Larson EB. Systematic Multi-Domain Alzheimer's Risk Reduction Trial (SMARRT): Study Protocol. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:S207-S220. [PMID: 30475764 PMCID: PMC6639147 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the protocol for the Systematic Multi-domain Alzheimer's Risk Reduction Trial (SMARRT), a single-blind randomized pilot trial to test a personalized, pragmatic, multi-domain Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk reduction intervention in a US integrated healthcare delivery system. Study participants will be 200 higher-risk older adults (age 70-89 years with subjective cognitive complaints, low normal performance on cognitive screen, and ≥ two modifiable risk factors targeted by our intervention) who will be recruited from selected primary care clinics of Kaiser Permanente Washington, oversampling people with non-white race or Hispanic ethnicity. Study participants will be randomly assigned to a two-year Alzheimer's risk reduction intervention (SMARRT) or a Health Education (HE) control. Randomization will be stratified by clinic, race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white versus non-white or Hispanic), and age (70-79, 80-89). Participants randomized to the SMARRT group will work with a behavioral coach and nurse to develop a personalized plan related to their risk factors (poorly controlled hypertension, diabetes with evidence of hyper or hypoglycemia, depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, contraindicated medications, physical inactivity, low cognitive stimulation, social isolation, poor diet, smoking). Participants in the HE control group will be mailed general health education information about these risk factors for AD. The primary outcome is two-year cognitive change on a cognitive test composite score. Secondary outcomes include: 1) improvement in targeted risk factors, 2) individual cognitive domain composite scores, 3) physical performance, 4) functional ability, 5) quality of life, and 6) incidence of mild cognitive impairment, AD, and dementia. Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed in both groups at baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Yaffe
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Deborah E Barnes
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dori Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sascha Dublin
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison R Kaup
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Evette J Ludman
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Carrie B Peltz
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anne D Renz
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristin J Adams
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric B Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
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Castellana F, Zupo R, Bortone I, Giannelli G, Donghia R, Lampignano L, Griseta C, De Pergola G, Boeing H, Cisternino AM, Logroscino G, Sardone R, Guerra V. Traditional Old Dietary Pattern of Castellana Grotte (Apulia) Is Associated with Healthy Outcomes. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3097. [PMID: 33053620 PMCID: PMC7600964 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still room for further studies aimed at investigating the most widespread diets in the Mediterranean area. The objective of the study is to analyze the relation of food group intake to clinical chemical indicators of health, and also to compare the food group intake with healthy well-known diet indices. METHODS Lifestyle, dietary, and clinical data collected in 2005/2006 and 2012/2018 from Castellana Grotte, located in the rural area of Apulia, were analyzed. The study populations included newly recruited subjects at each time period (n = 1870) as well as subjects examined twice and compared over time regarding health indicators (n = 734). Diet was assessed through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Three healthy diet indices were calculated and related to 29 food groups. We also performed prospective regression of food group consumption with health indicators. RESULTS The diet over the time period of observation was very stable and consisted of a high proportion of vegetables, fruit and grains. No major changes in body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were observed. Consumption of low-fat dairy, juices, olive oil, and water were related to reductions in weight gain, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and cholesterol (total and HDL) levels, in that order. Over the time periods we observed only a slight decrease of adherence to the Meddietscore. The correlations of the healthy diet indices with food groups revealed some differences among the indices, mostly regarding the intake of fruit and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS The dietary pattern of Apulia is in line with many principles of a healthy diet and the cohort population seems to be less liable to undergo a transition to a westernized diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castellana
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.D.); (V.G.)
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Chiara Griseta
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Cisternino
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Population Health Unit—“Salus in Apulia Study” National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.Z.); (I.B.); (L.L.); (C.G.); (H.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Vito Guerra
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.D.); (V.G.)
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341
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Moreno-Arribas MV, Bartolomé B, Peñalvo JL, Pérez-Matute P, Motilva MJ. Relationship between Wine Consumption, Diet and Microbiome Modulation in Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3082. [PMID: 33050383 PMCID: PMC7600228 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to the most common form of dementia in elderly people. Modifiable dietary and lifestyle factors could either accelerate or ameliorate the aging process and the risk of developing AD and other age-related morbidities. Emerging evidence also reports a potential link between oral and gut microbiota alterations and AD. Dietary polyphenols, in particular wine polyphenols, are a major diver of oral and gut microbiota composition and function. Consequently, wine polyphenols health effects, mediated as a function of the individual's oral and gut microbiome are considered one of the recent greatest challenges in the field of neurodegenerative diseases as a promising strategy to prevent or slow down AD progression. This review highlights current knowledge on the link of oral and intestinal microbiome and the interaction between wine polyphenols and microbiota in the context of AD. Furthermore, the extent to which mechanisms bacteria and polyphenols and its microbial metabolites exert their action on communication pathways between the brain and the microbiota, as well as the impact of the molecular mediators to these interactions on AD patients, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, c/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, c/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José L. Peñalvo
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Unit Noncommunicable Diseases, Natl Str 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | | | - Maria José Motilva
- Institute of Grapevine and Wine Sciences (ICVV), CSIC-University of La Rioja-Government of La Rioja, Autovía del Camino de Santiago LO-20 Exit 13, 26007 Logroño, Spain;
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342
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Ekstrand B, Scheers N, Rasmussen MK, Young JF, Ross AB, Landberg R. Brain foods - the role of diet in brain performance and health. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:693-708. [PMID: 32989449 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of the human brain is based on an interplay between the inherited genotype and external environmental factors, including diet. Food and nutrition, essential in maintenance of brain performance, also aid in prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Both the overall composition of the human diet and specific dietary components have been shown to have an impact on brain function in various experimental models and epidemiological studies. This narrative review provides an overview of the role of diet in 5 key areas of brain function related to mental health and performance, including: (1) brain development, (2) signaling networks and neurotransmitters in the brain, (3) cognition and memory, (4) the balance between protein formation and degradation, and (5) deteriorative effects due to chronic inflammatory processes. Finally, the role of diet in epigenetic regulation of brain physiology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ekstrand
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Scheers
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Alastair B Ross
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,AgResearch, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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343
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Aghamohammadi V, Salari-Moghaddam A, Benisi-Kohansal S, Taghavi M, Azadbakht L, Esmaillzadeh A. Adherence to the MIND Diet and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case-control Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:e158-e164. [PMID: 33183968 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION No data are available on the association between adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This population-based case-control study was conducted among women aged ≥ 30 years, who were residing in Isfahan, Iran. The study included 350 patients with newly diagnosed stage I to IV breast cancer, for whom in situ or invasive status of breast cancer was confirmed by physical examination, mammography, and pathologic verification. Controls were 700 age-matched apparently healthy individuals who were randomly selected from the general population. Dietary data were collected using a validated 106-item Willett-format, semi-quantitative dish-based food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS After adjustment for age and energy intake, women in the top tertile of the MIND diet score had 60% lower odds of breast cancer than women in the bottom tertile (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.55). In the fully adjusted model including body mass index, those with the greatest MIND diet scores had 50% lower chance of breast cancer (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34-0.72) than those with the lowest adherence to the MIND diet. Postmenopausal women with the greatest adherence to the MIND diet were less likely to have breast cancer than those in the bottom tertile (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.30-0.66). In addition, we found a significant inverse association between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of breast cancer among normal-weight women (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25-0.60). CONCLUSION Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with a reduced chance of breast cancer in this case-control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajiheh Aghamohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Nutrition, Islamic Azad University Olum Tahghighat, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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344
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Agarwal P, Morris MC, Barnes LL. Racial Differences in Dietary Relations to Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease Risk: Do We Know Enough? Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:359. [PMID: 33100990 PMCID: PMC7497764 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The elderly population in the US is increasing and projected to be 44% minority by 2060. African Americans and Hispanics are at increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease compared to non-Hispanic whites. These conditions are associated with many other adverse health outcomes, lower quality of life, and substantial economic burden. In the past few decades, diet has been identified as an important modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. Some studies report poor diet quality among African American and Hispanic older adult populations compared to their white counterparts. We have a limited understanding of how diet affects brain health in different racial-ethnic groups. One primary reason for our lack of knowledge is that most cohort studies are of majority non-Hispanic white participants. Moreover, those that do include minority participants do not publish their findings stratified by racial-ethnic groups, and likely have a less accurate measurement of dietary intake among minority groups. In this review, we summarize the current, albeit limited, literature on racial/ethnic differences in dietary relations to dementia outcomes. We will also discuss methodological issues in conducting nutrition studies in diverse cultures, and suggestions for future research directions. Overcoming the gaps will make it possible to make dietary recommendations for Alzheimer’s prevention that are more relevant for different racial/ethnic groups and set us on a faster track to reduce health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Martha C Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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345
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Abstract
Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association of three dietary patterns: the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet; a Mediterranean-type diet and a traditional diet, with all-cause mortality over a 12-year period in an older sample. Design: A longitudinal birth cohort study. We ascertained dietary patterns using FFQ data at baseline (2004–2007) and mortality using linkage data. Cox regression was used to estimate mortality hazard ratios (HR) with adjustment for confounders. Setting: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study in Edinburgh, Scotland. Participants: Dietary patterns were ascertained in 882 participants, mean age 69·5 (±0·8) years, at baseline. During the 12-year follow-up (to October 2019), 206 deaths occurred. Results: In the basic-adjusted model, all three dietary patterns were significantly associated with mortality, the MIND diet and Mediterranean-type diet with a lower risk and the traditional diet with a higher risk. In fully adjusted models, MIND diet score was inversely related to all-cause mortality (HR 0·88; 95 % CI 0·79, 0·97) such that the risk of death was reduced by 12 % per unit increase in MIND diet score. Participants in the top compared with the bottom third of MIND diet score had a 37 % lower risk of death (HR 0·63; 95 % CI 0·41, 0·96). No significant associations with the Mediterranean-type or traditional dietary patterns were observed in the final multivariate model. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that closer adherence to the MIND diet is associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, over 12 years of follow-up, and may constitute a valid public health recommendation for prolonged survival.
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346
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Butterfield DA, Boyd-Kimball D. Mitochondrial Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress and Alzheimer Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E818. [PMID: 32887505 PMCID: PMC7554713 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrosative stress are widely recognized as critical factors in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD) and its earlier stage, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A major source of free radicals that lead to oxidative and nitrosative damage is mitochondria. This review paper discusses oxidative and nitrosative stress and markers thereof in the brain, along with redox proteomics, which are techniques that have been pioneered in the Butterfield laboratory. Selected biological alterations in-and oxidative and nitrosative modifications of-mitochondria in AD and MCI and systems of relevance thereof also are presented. The review article concludes with a section on the implications of mitochondrial oxidative and nitrosative stress in MCI and AD with respect to imaging studies in and targeted therapies toward these disorders. Taken together, this review provides support for the notion that brain mitochondrial alterations in AD and MCI are key components of oxidative and nitrosative stress observed in these two disorders, and as such, they provide potentially promising therapeutic targets to slow-and hopefully one day stop-the progression of AD, which is a devastating dementing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Debra Boyd-Kimball
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH 44601, USA;
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347
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Flanagan E, Lamport D, Brennan L, Burnet P, Calabrese V, Cunnane SC, de Wilde MC, Dye L, Farrimond JA, Emerson Lombardo N, Hartmann T, Hartung T, Kalliomäki M, Kuhnle GG, La Fata G, Sala-Vila A, Samieri C, Smith AD, Spencer JP, Thuret S, Tuohy K, Turroni S, Vanden Berghe W, Verkuijl M, Verzijden K, Yannakoulia M, Geurts L, Vauzour D. Nutrition and the ageing brain: Moving towards clinical applications. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101079. [PMID: 32461136 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The global increases in life expectancy and population have resulted in a growing ageing population and with it a growing number of people living with age-related neurodegenerative conditions and dementia, shifting focus towards methods of prevention, with lifestyle approaches such as nutrition representing a promising avenue for further development. This overview summarises the main themes discussed during the 3rd Symposium on "Nutrition for the Ageing Brain: Moving Towards Clinical Applications" held in Madrid in August 2018, enlarged with the current state of knowledge on how nutrition influences healthy ageing and gives recommendations regarding how the critical field of nutrition and neurodegeneration research should move forward into the future. Specific nutrients are discussed as well as the impact of multi-nutrient and whole diet approaches, showing particular promise to combatting the growing burden of age-related cognitive decline. The emergence of new avenues for exploring the role of diet in healthy ageing, such as the impact of the gut microbiome and development of new techniques (imaging measures of brain metabolism, metabolomics, biomarkers) are enabling researchers to approach finding answers to these questions. But the translation of these findings into clinical and public health contexts remains an obstacle due to significant shortcomings in nutrition research or pressure on the scientific community to communicate recommendations to the general public in a convincing and accessible way. Some promising programs exist but further investigation to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which nutrition can improve brain health across the human lifespan is still required.
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348
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Moreira SC, Jansen AK, Silva FM. Dietary interventions and cognition of Alzheimer's disease patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trial. Dement Neuropsychol 2020; 14:258-282. [PMID: 32973980 PMCID: PMC7500808 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-030008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that by 2030 there will be 82 million people in the world with
dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Camargos Moreira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Ringgold Standard Institution - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ann Kristine Jansen
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Ringgold Standard Institution - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Moraes Silva
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Ringgold Standard Institution - Nutrition - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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349
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Soltani S, Shayanfar M, Benisi-Kohansal S, Mohammad-Shirazi M, Sharifi G, Djazayeri A, Esmaillzadeh A. Adherence to the MIND diet in relation to glioma: a case–control study. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:771-778. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1809876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Soltani
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shayanfar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giuve Sharifi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolghassem Djazayeri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular – Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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350
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Klimova B, Dziuba S, Cierniak-Emerych A. The Effect of Healthy Diet on Cognitive Performance Among Healthy Seniors - A Mini Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:325. [PMID: 32848680 PMCID: PMC7433394 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, a healthy diet appears to be one of the suitable strategies in slowing down cognitive decline in the process of aging. A number of evidence-based studies confirm its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this mini review is to evaluate and describe recent randomized clinical and cohort studies exploring the effect of healthy diet on cognitive performance among healthy seniors, as well as to update the existing information on this research issue. For these reasons, the authors reviewed full-text, peer-reviewed journal articles written in English and available in Web of Science and PubMed between September 2017 and February 2020. Altogether nine original studies were detected. The results indicate that healthy diet and healthy diet components generally have a positive impact on the enhancement of cognitive functions. Furthermore, the findings reveal that dietary patterns, as well as single nutrients might have a significant effect on specific cognitive domains, such as memory in general, episodic memory, or processing speed. It also seems that a strict adherence to the dietary patterns and a higher diet variety have a more significant effect on the improvement of cognitive functions. Nevertheless, there seem to be gender differences in dietary behavior. More recently, personalized dietary interventions started to be used in delaying cognitive decline among healthy seniors. Therefore, more randomized control trials or N-of-1 trials should be performed in this research area in order to detect the most suitable dietary pattern or nutrients, which would, together with other modifiable lifestyle factors, contribute to the improvement of quality of life of the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Klimova
- Department of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Szymon Dziuba
- Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Wrocław University of Economics, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Cierniak-Emerych
- Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Wrocław University of Economics, Wrocław, Poland
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