301
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Wang R, Wang Y, Qu L, Chen B, Jiang H, Song N, Xie J. Iron-induced oxidative stress contributes to α-synuclein phosphorylation and up-regulation via polo-like kinase 2 and casein kinase 2. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:127-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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302
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Möller HE, Bossoni L, Connor JR, Crichton RR, Does MD, Ward RJ, Zecca L, Zucca FA, Ronen I. Iron, Myelin, and the Brain: Neuroimaging Meets Neurobiology. Trends Neurosci 2019; 42:384-401. [PMID: 31047721 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although iron is crucial for neuronal functioning, many aspects of cerebral iron biology await clarification. The ability to quantify specific iron forms in the living brain would open new avenues for diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and understanding pathogenesis of diseases. A modality that allows assessment of brain tissue composition in vivo, in particular of iron deposits or myelin content on a submillimeter spatial scale, is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Multimodal strategies combining MRI with complementary analytical techniques ex vivo have emerged, which may lead to improved specificity. Interdisciplinary collaborations will be key to advance beyond simple correlative analyses in the biological interpretation of MRI data and to gain deeper insights into key factors leading to iron accumulation and/or redistribution associated with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald E Möller
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstr. 1A, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lucia Bossoni
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Mark D Does
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roberta J Ward
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Itamar Ronen
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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303
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Jrad Z, El-Hatmi H, Adt I, Gouin S, Jardin J, Oussaief O, Dbara M, Arroum S, Khorchani T, Degraeve P, Oulahal N. Antilisterial activity of dromedary lactoferrin peptic hydrolysates. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:4844-4856. [PMID: 31005319 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the antibacterial peptides derived from dromedary lactoferrin (LFc). The LFc was purified from colostrum using a batch procedure with a cation exchange chromatography support and was hydrolyzed with pepsin to generate peptic digest. This peptic digest was fractionated by cation exchange chromatography, and the antilisterial activity of LFc, peptic digest, and obtained fractions was investigated using the bioscreen method. The growth of Listeria innocua ATCC 33090 and LRGIA 01 strains was not inhibited by LFc and its hydrolysates. Two fractions of dromedary lactoferrin peptic hydrolysate were active against both strains. A tandem mass spectroscopy analysis revealed that the 2 active fractions comprised at least 227 different peptides. Among these peptides, 9 found in the first fraction had at least 50% similarity with 10 known antimicrobial peptides (following sequence alignments with the antimicrobial peptide database from the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha). Whereas 9 of these peptides presented homology with honeybee, frog, or amphibian peptides, the 10th peptide, F152SASCVPCVDGKEYPNLCQLCAGTGENKCACSSQEPYFGY192 (specifically found in 1 separated fraction), exibited 54% homology with a synthetic antibacterial peptide (AP00481) derived from human lactoferrin named kaliocin-1. Similarly, the second fraction contained 1 peptide similar to lactoferrampin B, an antibacterial peptide derived from bovine milk. This result suggests that peptic hydrolysis of LFc releases more active antimicrobial peptides than their protein source and thus provides an opportunity for their potential use to improve food safety by inhibiting undesirable and spoilage bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Jrad
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Halima El-Hatmi
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia; Food Department, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Médenine, University of Gabes, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - Isabelle Adt
- University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISARA Lyon, BioDyMIA (Bioingénierie et Dynamique Microbienne aux Interfaces Alimentaires), Equipe Mixte d'Accueil no. 3733, IUT Lyon 1, 01000 Bourg en Bresse, France
| | - Sandrine Gouin
- University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISARA Lyon, BioDyMIA (Bioingénierie et Dynamique Microbienne aux Interfaces Alimentaires), Equipe Mixte d'Accueil no. 3733, IUT Lyon 1, 01000 Bourg en Bresse, France
| | - Julien Jardin
- STLO, UMR1253, INRA, AgroCampus Ouest, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olfa Oussaief
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Dbara
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Samira Arroum
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Touhami Khorchani
- Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Pascal Degraeve
- University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISARA Lyon, BioDyMIA (Bioingénierie et Dynamique Microbienne aux Interfaces Alimentaires), Equipe Mixte d'Accueil no. 3733, IUT Lyon 1, 01000 Bourg en Bresse, France
| | - Nadia Oulahal
- University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISARA Lyon, BioDyMIA (Bioingénierie et Dynamique Microbienne aux Interfaces Alimentaires), Equipe Mixte d'Accueil no. 3733, IUT Lyon 1, 01000 Bourg en Bresse, France
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304
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305
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Ngoungoure VLN, Muñoz P, Tizabi Y, Valdes R, Moundipa PF, Segura-Aguilar J. Protective Effects of Crude Plant Extracts against Aminochrome-induced toxicity in Human Astrocytoma Cells: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 3:125-133. [PMID: 31321384 PMCID: PMC6639011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Aminochrome, an endogenous compound formed during dopamine oxidation can induce neurotoxicity under certain aberrant conditions and induce Parkinson-like syndrome. Glutathione transferase M2 (GSTM2) activity of astrocytes by catalysing the conjugation of aminochrome with glutathione, can offer protection against aminochrome toxicity. Some medicinal toxicity through this plants may exert protective effect against aminochrome mechanism. METHODS In the present study, extracts from plants native to Cameroon, such as Alchornea laxiflora (leaves), Dacryodes edulis (barks), Annona muricata (seeds), Annona senegalensis (barks) were evaluated for their protection against aminochrome-induced toxicity in human glioblastoma/ astrocytoma U373MG wild type and U373MGsiGT6 cells in which GSTM2 expression was 74% silenced. The cells were pre-incubated with the plant extracts for 2 hr before addition of aminochrome (75 μM) and measurement of cell death/viability by flow cytometry after 24 hr incubation. RESULTS The extract of A. laxiflora (1 μg/ml), D. edulis (25 μg/ml), A. muricata (25 μg/ml) and A. senegalensis (25μg/ml) significantly decreased aminochrome-induced toxicity in U373siGST6 and U373MG cells. However, only A. laxiflora and A. muricata significantly increased the mitochondria membrane potential in U373siGST6 cells following aminochrome treatment. CONCLUSION The results indicate that extracts of some Cameroon plants can provide protection against aminochrome-induced toxicity and mitochondria dysfunction in human glioblastoma/astrocytoma cells. Although further identification of active components of these extracts is needed, potential usefulness of these compounds in Parkinson's disease may be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane L. Ndam Ngoungoure
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Raul Valdes
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon
| | - Juan Segura-Aguilar
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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306
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Billings JL, Gordon SL, Rawling T, Doble PA, Bush AI, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Hare DJ. l
‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (
l
‐DOPA) modulates brain iron, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction in iron overload and mutant alpha‐synuclein mouse models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2019; 150:88-106. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Billings
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Sarah L. Gordon
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of Science University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental Bio‐imaging Facility University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Paul A. Adlard
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Elemental Bio‐imaging Facility University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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307
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Watanabe T, Tan Z, Wang X, Martinez-Hernandez A, Frahm J. Magnetic resonance imaging of noradrenergic neurons. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1609-1625. [PMID: 30903359 PMCID: PMC6509075 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter involved in general arousal, selective attention, memory, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. The purpose of this work was to delineate noradrenergic neurons in vivo by T1-weighted MRI with magnetization transfer (MT). In the brainstem of human and mice, MRI identified the locus coeruleus, dorsal motor vagus nucleus, and nucleus tractus solitarius. Given (1) the long T1 and low magnetization transfer ratio for the noradrenergic cell groups compared to other gray matter, (2) significant correlation between MT MRI signal intensity and proton density, and (3) no correlation between magnetization transfer ratio (or R1) and iron, copper, or manganese in human brain, the high MRI signal of the noradrenergic neurons must be attributed to abundant water protons interacting with any T1-shortening paramagnetic ions in active cells rather than to specific T1-shortening molecules. The absence of a high MRI signal from the locus coeruleus of Ear2(-/-) mice lacking noradrenergic neurons confirms that cell bodies of noradrenergic neurons are the source of the bright MRI appearance. The observation of this high signal in DBH(-/-) mice, in 3-week-old mice, and in mice under hyperoxia/hypercapnia/hypoxia together with the general absence of neuromelanin (NM) in noradrenergic neurons of young rodents further excludes that it is due to NM, dopamine β-hydroxylase, their binding to paramagnetic ions, blood inflow, or hemoglobin. Instead, these findings indicate a high density of water protons whose T1 is shortened by paramagnetic ions as the relevant source of the high MRI signal. In the brain of APP/PS1/Ear2(-/-) mice, a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease, MRI detected noradrenergic neuron loss in the locus coeruleus. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that a 60-75% reduction of noradrenaline is responsible for a reduction of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate in the hippocampus as well as for a shortening of the water proton T2 in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that a concurrent shortage of noradrenaline in Alzheimer's disease accelerates pathologic processes such as inflammation and neuron loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Watanabe
- Biomedizinische NMR, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Zhengguo Tan
- Biomedizinische NMR, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Biomedizinische NMR, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ana Martinez-Hernandez
- Abteilung Gene und Verhalten, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Frahm
- Biomedizinische NMR, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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308
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Monzani E, Nicolis S, Dell'Acqua S, Capucciati A, Bacchella C, Zucca FA, Mosharov EV, Sulzer D, Zecca L, Casella L. Dopamin, oxidativer Stress und Protein‐Chinonmodifikationen bei Parkinson und anderen neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Monzani
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italien
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabio A. Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research Council of Italy Segrate (Mailand) Italien
| | - Eugene V. Mosharov
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
- Departments Neurology, PharmacologyColumbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
- Departments Neurology, PharmacologyColumbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research Council of Italy Segrate (Mailand) Italien
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italien
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309
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Monzani E, Nicolis S, Dell'Acqua S, Capucciati A, Bacchella C, Zucca FA, Mosharov EV, Sulzer D, Zecca L, Casella L. Dopamine, Oxidative Stress and Protein-Quinone Modifications in Parkinson's and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6512-6527. [PMID: 30536578 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is the most important catecholamine in the brain, as it is the most abundant and the precursor of other neurotransmitters. Degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta in Parkinson's disease represents the best-studied link between DA neurotransmission and neuropathology. Catecholamines are reactive molecules that are handled through complex control and transport systems. Under normal conditions, small amounts of cytosolic DA are converted to neuromelanin in a stepwise process involving melanization of peptides and proteins. However, excessive cytosolic or extraneuronal DA can give rise to nonselective protein modifications. These reactions involve DA oxidation to quinone species and depend on the presence of redox-active transition metal ions such as iron and copper. Other oxidized DA metabolites likely participate in post-translational protein modification. Thus, protein-quinone modification is a heterogeneous process involving multiple DA-derived residues that produce structural and conformational changes of proteins and can lead to aggregation and inactivation of the modified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Bacchella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate (Milano), Italy
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate (Milano), Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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310
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Salomäki M, Ouvinen T, Marttila L, Kivelä H, Leiro J, Mäkilä E, Lukkari J. Polydopamine Nanoparticles Prepared Using Redox-Active Transition Metals. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:2513-2524. [PMID: 30813731 PMCID: PMC6727379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autoxidation of dopamine to polydopamine by dissolved oxygen is a slow process that requires highly alkaline conditions. Polydopamine can be formed rapidly also in mildly acidic and neutral solutions by using redox-active transition-metal ions. We present a comparative study of polydopamine nanoparticles formed by autoxidation and aerobic or anaerobic oxidation in the presence of Ce(IV), Fe(III), Cu(II), and Mn(VII). The UV-vis spectra of the purified nanoparticles are similar, and dopaminechrome is an early intermediate species. At low pH, Cu(II) requires the presence of oxygen and chloride ions to produce polydopamine at a reasonable rate. The changes in dispersibility and surface charge take place at around pH 4, which indicates the presence of ionizable groups, especially carboxylic acids, on their surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the presence of three different classes of carbons, and the carbonyl/carboxylate carbons amount to 5-15 atom %. The N 1s spectra show the presence of protonated free amino groups, suggesting that these groups may interact with the π-electrons of the intact aromatic dihydroxyindole moieties, especially in the metal-induced samples. The autoxidized and Mn(VII)-induced samples do not contain metals, but the metal content is 1-2 atom % in samples prepared with Ce(IV) or Cu(II), and ca. 20 atom % in polydopamine prepared in the presence of Fe(III). These differences in the metal content can be explained by the oxidation and complexation properties of the metals using the general model developed. In addition, the nitrogen content is lower in the metal-induced samples. All of the metal oxidants studied can be used to rapidly prepare polydopamine at room temperature, but the possible influence of the metal content and nitrogen loss should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Salomäki
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuomo Ouvinen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Marttila
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Kivelä
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarkko Leiro
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Lukkari
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Turku University Centre for Surfaces
and Materials (MatSurf), and Doctoral Programme in Physical and Chemical
Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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311
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Cassidy CM, Zucca FA, Girgis RR, Baker SC, Weinstein JJ, Sharp ME, Bellei C, Valmadre A, Vanegas N, Kegeles LS, Brucato G, Kang UJ, Sulzer D, Zecca L, Abi-Dargham A, Horga G. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as a noninvasive proxy measure of dopamine function in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:5108-5117. [PMID: 30796187 PMCID: PMC6421437 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807983116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) purports to detect the content of neuromelanin (NM), a product of dopamine metabolism that accumulates with age in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra (SN). Interindividual variability in dopamine function may result in varying levels of NM accumulation in the SN; however, the ability of NM-MRI to measure dopamine function in nonneurodegenerative conditions has not been established. Here, we validated that NM-MRI signal intensity in postmortem midbrain specimens correlated with regional NM concentration even in the absence of neurodegeneration, a prerequisite for its use as a proxy for dopamine function. We then validated a voxelwise NM-MRI approach with sufficient anatomical sensitivity to resolve SN subregions. Using this approach and a multimodal dataset of molecular PET and fMRI data, we further showed the NM-MRI signal was related to both dopamine release in the dorsal striatum and resting blood flow within the SN. These results suggest that NM-MRI signal in the SN is a proxy for function of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. As a proof of concept for its clinical utility, we show that the NM-MRI signal correlated to severity of psychosis in schizophrenia and individuals at risk for schizophrenia, consistent with the well-established dysfunction of the nigrostriatal pathway in psychosis. Our results indicate that noninvasive NM-MRI is a promising tool that could have diverse research and clinical applications to investigate in vivo the role of dopamine in neuropsychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford M Cassidy
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032;
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, affiliated with The Royal, Ottawa, ON K1Z 8N3, Canada
| | - Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Ragy R Girgis
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Seth C Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Jodi J Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Madeleine E Sharp
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Chiara Bellei
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Valmadre
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Nora Vanegas
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Lawrence S Kegeles
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Gary Brucato
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Un Jung Kang
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032;
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312
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Badu-Boateng C, Naftalin RJ. Ascorbate and ferritin interactions: Consequences for iron release in vitro and in vivo and implications for inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:75-87. [PMID: 30268889 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the chemical mechanisms of ascorbate-dependent reduction and solubilization of ferritin's ferric iron core and subsequent release of ferrous iron. The process is accelerated by low concentrations of Fe(II) that increase ferritin's intrinsic ascorbate oxidase activity, hence increasing the rate of ascorbate radical formation. These increased rates of ascorbate oxidation provide reducing equivalents (electrons) to ferritin's core and speed the core reduction rates with subsequent solubilization and release of Fe(II). Ascorbate-dependent solubilization of ferritin's iron core has consequences relating to the interpretation of 59Fe uptake sourced from 59Fe-lebelled holotransferrin into ferritin. Ascorbate-dependent reduction of the ferritin core iron solubility increases the size of ferritin's iron exchangeable pool and hence the rate and amount of exchange uptake of 59Fe into ferritin, whilst simultaneously increasing net iron release rate from ferritin. This may rationalize the inconsistency that ascorbate apparently stabilizes 59Fe ferritin and retards lysosomal ferritinolysis and whole cell 59Fe release, whilst paradoxically increasing the rate of net iron release from ferritin. This capacity of ascorbate and iron to synergise ferritin iron release has pathological significance, as it lowers the concentration at which ascorbate activates ferritin's iron release to within the physiological range (50-250 μM). These effects have relevance to inflammatory pathology and to the pro-oxidant effects of ascorbate in cancer therapy and cell death by ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Badu-Boateng
- Kings, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Richard J Naftalin
- Kings, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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313
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Ndayisaba A, Kaindlstorfer C, Wenning GK. Iron in Neurodegeneration - Cause or Consequence? Front Neurosci 2019; 13:180. [PMID: 30881284 PMCID: PMC6405645 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron dyshomeostasis can cause neuronal damage to iron-sensitive brain regions. Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation reflects a group of disorders caused by iron overload in the basal ganglia. High iron levels and iron related pathogenic triggers have also been implicated in sporadic neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Iron-induced dyshomeostasis within vulnerable brain regions is still insufficiently understood. Here, we summarize the modes of action by which iron might act as primary or secondary disease trigger in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, available treatment options targeting brain iron dysregulation and the use of iron as biomarker in prodromal stages are critically discussed to address the question of cause or consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Ndayisaba
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Gregor K Wenning
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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314
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Chen LL, Huang YJ, Cui JT, Song N, Xie J. Iron Dysregulation in Parkinson's Disease: Focused on the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:863-871. [PMID: 30590010 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Although both iron accumulation and a defective autophagy-lysosome pathway contribute to the pathological development of PD, the connection between these two causes is poorly documented. The autophagy-lysosome pathway not only responds to regulation by iron chelators and channels but also participates in cellular iron recycling through the degradation of ferritin and other iron-containing components. Previously, ferritin has been posited to be the bridge between iron accumulation and autophagy impairment in PD. In addition, iron directly interacts with α-synuclein in Lewy bodies, which are primarily digested through the autophagy-lysosome pathway. These findings indicate that some link exists between iron deposition and autophagy impairment in PD. In this review, the basic mechanisms of the autophagy-lysosome pathway and iron trafficking are introduced, and then their interaction under physiological conditions is explained. Finally, we finish by discussing the dysfunction of iron deposition and autophagy in PD, as well as their potential relationship, which will provide some insight for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Lei Chen
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yu-Jv Huang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jun-tao Cui
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Ning Song
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
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315
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Zhang S, Wang R, Wang G. Impact of Dopamine Oxidation on Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:945-953. [PMID: 30592597 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The characteristic feature of PD is the progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). DAergic neurons in the SN accumulate black and insoluble membrane structures known as neuromelanin during aging. The oxidation of dopamine (DA) to form neuromelanin generates many o-quinones, including DA o-quinones, aminochrome, and 5,6-indolequinone. The focus of this review is to discuss the role of DA oxidation in association with PD. The oxidation of DA produces oxidative products, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein degradation, α-synuclein aggregation into neurotoxic oligomers, and oxidative stress, in vitro. Recent studies have demonstrated that the DA content is critical for both DJ-1 knockout and A53T α-synuclein transgenic mice to develop PD pathological features, providing evidence for DA action in PD pathogenesis in vivo. The effects of L-DOPA, as the most effective anti-PD drug, are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disorders & Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disorders & Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disorders & Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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316
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Switching on Endogenous Metal Binding Proteins in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020179. [PMID: 30791479 PMCID: PMC6406413 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of cytotoxic intracellular protein aggregates is a pathological signature of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. The principle aggregating protein in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and atypical Parkinson’s diseases is α-synuclein (α-syn), which occurs in neural cytoplasmic inclusions. Several factors have been found to trigger α-syn aggregation, including raised calcium, iron, and copper. Transcriptional inducers have been explored to upregulate expression of endogenous metal-binding proteins as a potential neuroprotective strategy. The vitamin-D analogue, calcipotriol, induced increased expression of the neuronal vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein, calbindin-D28k, and this significantly decreased the occurrence of α-syn aggregates in cells with transiently raised intracellular free Ca, thereby increasing viability. More recently, the induction of endogenous expression of the Zn and Cu binding protein, metallothionein, by the glucocorticoid analogue, dexamethasone, gave a specific reduction in Cu-dependent α-syn aggregates. Fe accumulation has long been associated with PD. Intracellularly, Fe is regulated by interactions between the Fe storage protein ferritin and Fe transporters, such as poly(C)-binding protein 1. Analysis of the transcriptional regulation of Fe binding proteins may reveal potential inducers that could modulate Fe homoeostasis in disease. The current review highlights recent studies that suggest that transcriptional inducers may have potential as novel mechanism-based drugs against metal overload in PD.
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317
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Yauger YJ, Bermudez S, Moritz KE, Glaser E, Stoica B, Byrnes KR. Iron accentuated reactive oxygen species release by NADPH oxidase in activated microglia contributes to oxidative stress in vitro. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:41. [PMID: 30777083 PMCID: PMC6378754 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive iron contributes to oxidative stress after central nervous system injury. NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes are upregulated in microglia after pro-inflammatory activation and contribute to oxidative stress. The relationship between iron, microglia, NOX, and oxidative stress is currently unclear. METHODS We evaluated the effects of iron on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia and its secondary effect within neuronal co-cultures. Further, NOX2 and four specific inhibitors were tested to evaluate the relationship with the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzymes. RESULTS An iron dose-dependent increase in ROS production among microglia treated with LPS was identified. Interestingly, despite this increase in ROS, inflammatory polarization alterations were not detected among the microglia after exposure to iron and LPS. Co-culture experimentation between primary neurons and exposed microglia (iron and LPS) significantly reduced neuronal cell number at 24 h, suggesting a profound neurotoxic effect despite the lack of a change in polarization phenotype. NOX2 and NOX4 inhibition significantly reduced ROS production among microglia exposed to iron and LPS and reduced neuronal damage and death in response to microglial co-culture. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, iron significantly increased ROS production and neurotoxicity without exacerbating LP-activated microglia phenotype in vitro, suggesting that iron contributes to microglia-related oxidative stress, and this may be a viable therapeutic target for injury or neurodegeneration. Further, this study highlights both NOX2 and NOX4 as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of iron-induced microglia-related inflammation and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young J Yauger
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room C2099, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Sara Bermudez
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room C2099, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Kasey E Moritz
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room C2099, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ethan Glaser
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St, Room #6-015, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bogdan Stoica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St, Room #6-015, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly R Byrnes
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room C2099, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Room C2099, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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318
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Rentsch P, Stayte S, Morris GP, Vissel B. Time dependent degeneration of the nigrostriatal tract in mice with 6-OHDA lesioned medial forebrain bundle and the effect of activin A on L-Dopa induced dyskinesia. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:5. [PMID: 30760214 PMCID: PMC6374903 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0487-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurately assessing promising therapeutic interventions for human diseases depends, in part, on the reproducibility of preclinical disease models. With the development of transgenic mice, the rapid adaptation of a 6-OHDA mouse model of Parkinson’s disease that was originally described for the use in rats has come with a lack of a comprehensive characterization of lesion progression. In this study we therefore first characterised the time course of neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta and striatum over a 4 week period following 6-OHDA injection into the medial forebrain bundle of mice. We then utilised the model to assess the anti-dyskinetic efficacy of recombinant activin A, a putative neuroprotectant and anti-inflammatory that is endogenously upregulated during the course of Parkinson’s disease. Results We found that degeneration of fibers in the striatum was fully established within 1 week following 6-OHDA administration, but that the loss of neurons continued to progress over time, becoming fully established 3 weeks after the 6-OHDA injection. In assessing the anti-dyskinetic efficacy of activin A using this model we found that treatment with activin A did not significantly reduce the severity, or delay the time-of-onset, of dyskinesia. Conclusion First, the current study concludes that a 3 week duration is required to establish a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal tract following 6-OHDA injection into the medial forebrain bundle of mice. Second, we found that activin A was not anti-dyskinetic in this model. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12868-019-0487-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Rentsch
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, High Street, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Sandy Stayte
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Gary P Morris
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Bryce Vissel
- Centre for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia. .,St. Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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319
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Lee JH, Lee MS. Brain Iron Accumulation in Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: in vivo MRI Evidences for Distinctive Patterns. Front Neurol 2019; 10:74. [PMID: 30809185 PMCID: PMC6379317 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data suggest mechanistic links among perturbed iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and misfolded protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. Iron overload and toxicity toward dopaminergic neurons have been established as playing a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Brain iron accumulation has also been documented in atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS), mainly comprising multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Iron-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been applied to identify iron-related signal changes for the diagnosis and differentiation of these disorders. Topographic patterns of widespread iron deposition in deep brain nuclei have been described as differing between patients with MSA and PSP and those with PD. A disease-specific increase of iron occurs in the brain regions mainly affected by underlying disease pathologies. However, whether iron changes are a primary pathogenic factor or an epiphenomenon of neuronal degeneration has not been fully elucidated. Moreover, the clinical implications of iron-related pathology in APS remain unclear. In this review study, we collected data from qualitative and quantitative MRI studies on brain iron accumulation in APS to identify disease-related patterns and the potential role of iron-sensitive MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyeok Lee
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sik Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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320
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Mor DE, Daniels MJ, Ischiropoulos H. The usual suspects, dopamine and alpha-synuclein, conspire to cause neurodegeneration. Mov Disord 2019; 34:167-179. [PMID: 30633814 PMCID: PMC6379109 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily a movement disorder driven by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Early identification of the oxidative properties of dopamine implicated it as a potential source of oxidative stress in PD, yet few studies have investigated dopamine neurotoxicity in vivo. The discovery of PD-causing mutations in α-synuclein and the presence of aggregated α-synuclein in the hallmark Lewy body pathology of PD revealed another important player. Despite extensive efforts, the precise role of α-synuclein aggregation in neurodegeneration remains unclear. We recently manipulated both dopamine levels and α-synuclein expression in aged mice and found that only the combination of these 2 factors caused progressive neurodegeneration of the SN and an associated motor deficit. Dopamine modified α-synuclein aggregation in the SN, resulting in greater abundance of α-synuclein oligomers and unique dopamine-induced oligomeric conformations. Furthermore, disruption of the dopamine-α-synuclein interaction rescued dopaminergic neurons from degeneration in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans models. In this Perspective, we discuss these findings in the context of known α-synuclein and dopamine biology, review the evidence for α-synuclein oligomer toxicity and potential mechanisms, and discuss therapeutic implications. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E. Mor
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Malcolm J. Daniels
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harry Ischiropoulos
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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321
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Iglesias-Figueroa BF, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Rascón-Cruz Q. Lactoferrin as a nutraceutical protein from milk, an overview. Int Dairy J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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322
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Impairment of Motor Function Correlates with Neurometabolite and Brain Iron Alterations in Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020096. [PMID: 30699914 PMCID: PMC6406520 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We took advantage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) as non-invasive methods to quantify brain iron and neurometabolites, which were analyzed along with other predictors of motor dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Tapping hits, tremor amplitude, and the scores derived from part III of the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS3 scores) were determined in 35 male PD patients and 35 controls. The iron-sensitive MRI relaxation rate R2* was measured in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-edited and short echo-time MRS was used for the quantification of neurometabolites in the striatum and thalamus. Associations of R2*, neurometabolites, and other factors with motor function were estimated with Spearman correlations and mixed regression models to account for repeated measurements (hands, hemispheres). In PD patients, R2* and striatal GABA correlated with MDS-UPDRS3 scores if not adjusted for age. Patients with akinetic-rigid PD subtype (N = 19) presented with lower creatine and striatal glutamate and glutamine (Glx) but elevated thalamic GABA compared to controls or mixed PD subtype. In PD patients, Glx correlated with an impaired dexterity when adjusted for covariates. Elevated myo-inositol was associated with more tapping hits and lower MDS-UPDRS3 scores. Our neuroimaging study provides evidence that motor dysfunction in PD correlates with alterations in brain iron and neurometabolites.
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323
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Are Proteinopathy and Oxidative Stress Two Sides of the Same Coin? Cells 2019; 8:cells8010059. [PMID: 30654525 PMCID: PMC6356376 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease, like other neurodegenerative diseases, exhibits two common features: Proteinopathy and oxidative stress, leading to protein aggregation and mitochondrial damage respectively. Because both protein aggregates and dysfunctional mitochondria are eliminated by autophagy, we suggest that inadequate clearance may couple the two phenomena. If a neuron's autophagy machinery is overwhelmed, whether by excessive oxidative stress or by excessive protein aggregation, protein aggregates and dysfunctional mitochondria will both accumulate. Parkinson's disease may provide a unique window into this because there is evidence that both sides contribute. Mutations amplifying the aggregation of α-synuclein are associated with Parkinson's disease. Likewise, mutations in Parkin and PINK1, proteins involved in mitophagy, suggest that impaired mitochondrial clearance is also a contributing factor. Many have suggested that dopamine oxidation products lead to oxidative stress accounting for the dopaminergic selectivity of the disease. We have presented evidence for the specific involvement of hypochlorite-oxidized cysteinyl-dopamine (HOCD), a redox-cycling benzothiazine derivative. While toxins like 6-hydroxydopamine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP+) have been used to study mitochondrial involvement in Parkinson's disease, HOCD may provide a more physiologically relevant approach. Understanding the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and their relation to α-synuclein proteinopathy is important to gain a full picture of the cause, especially for the great majority of cases which are idiopathic.
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324
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Liss B, Striessnig J. The Potential of L-Type Calcium Channels as a Drug Target for Neuroprotective Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 59:263-289. [PMID: 30625283 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) mainly arise from degeneration of dopamine neurons within the substantia nigra. As no disease-modifying PD therapies are available, and side effects limit long-term benefits of current symptomatic therapies, novel treatment approaches are needed. The ongoing phase III clinical study STEADY-PD is investigating the potential of the dihydropyridine isradipine, an L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) blocker, for neuroprotective PD therapy. Here we review the clinical and preclinical rationale for this trial and discuss potential reasons for the ambiguous outcomes of in vivo animal model studies that address PD-protective dihydropyridine effects. We summarize current views about the roles of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 LTCC isoforms for substantia nigra neuron function, and their high vulnerability to degenerative stressors, and for PD pathophysiology. We discuss different dihydropyridine sensitivities of LTCC isoforms in view of their potential as drug targets for PD neuroprotection, and we conclude by considering how these aspects could guide further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Liss
- Institut für Angewandte Physiologie, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Abteilung Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Institut für Pharmazie, and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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325
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Effectiveness of Fragment C Domain of Tetanus Toxin and Pramipexole in an Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Neurotox Res 2019; 35:699-710. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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326
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Yin M, Li S, Wan Y, Feng L, Zhao X, Zhang S, Liu S, Cao P, Wang H. A selective colorimetric strategy for probing dopamine and levodopa through the mussel-inspired enhancement of Fe3O4 catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12008-12011. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mussel-inspired enhancement of Fe3O4 catalysis was discovered toward the colorimetric analysis of dopamine and/or levodopa with bis-catechol structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Yin
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Wan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Luping Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Cao
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu City
- P. R. China
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327
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Krupička R, Mareček S, Malá C, Lang M, Klempíř O, Duspivová T, Široká R, Jarošíková T, Keller J, Šonka K, Růžička E, Dušek P. Automatic substantia nigra segmentation in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI by deep neural network in patients with prodromal and manifest synucleinopathy. Physiol Res 2019; 68:S453-S458. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromelanin (NM) is a black pigment located in the brain in substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) and locus coeruleus. Its loss is directly connected to the loss of nerve cells in this part of the brain, which plays a role in Parkinson’s Disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an ideal tool to monitor the amount of NM in the brain in vivo. The aim of the study was the development of tools and methodology for the quantification of NM in a special neuromelanin-sensitive MRI images. The first approach was done by creating regions of interest, corresponding to the anatomical position of SN based on an anatomical atlas and determining signal intensity threshold. By linking the anatomical and signal intensity information, we were able to segment the SN. As a second approach, the neural network U-Net was used for the segmentation of SN. Subsequently, the volume characterizing the amount of NM in the SN region was calculated. To verify the method and the assumptions, data available from various patient groups were correlated. The main benefit of this approach is the observer-independency of quantification and facilitation of the image processing process and subsequent quantification compared to the manual approach. It is ideal for automatic processing many image sets in one batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Krupička
- Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Kladno, Czech Republic.
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328
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Kausar S, Wang F, Cui H. The Role of Mitochondria in Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Its Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120274. [PMID: 30563029 PMCID: PMC6316843 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic cellular organelles that consistently migrate, fuse, and divide to modulate their number, size, and shape. In addition, they produce ATP, reactive oxygen species, and also have a biological role in antioxidant activities and Ca2+ buffering. Mitochondria are thought to play a crucial biological role in most neurodegenerative disorders. Neurons, being high-energy-demanding cells, are closely related to the maintenance, dynamics, and functions of mitochondria. Thus, impairment of mitochondrial activities is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, pointing to the significance of mitochondrial functions in normal cell physiology. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in our knowledge of mitochondrial functions, which has raised interest in defining the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the existing knowledge of the mitochondrial function in reactive oxygen species generation and its involvement in the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China.
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329
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Regional gray matter changes and age predict individual treatment response in Parkinson's disease. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 21:101636. [PMID: 30558868 PMCID: PMC6413309 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We aimed at testing the potential of biomarkers in predicting individual patient response to dopaminergic therapy for Parkinson's disease. Treatment efficacy was assessed in 30 Parkinson's disease patients as motor symptoms improvement from unmedicated to medicated state as assessed by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score III. Patients were stratified into weak and strong responders according to the individual treatment response. A multiple regression was implemented to test the prediction accuracy of age, disease duration and treatment dose and length. Univariate voxel-based morphometry was applied to investigate differences between the two groups on age-corrected T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Multivariate support vector machine classification was used to predict individual treatment response based on neuroimaging data. Among clinical data, increasing age predicted a weaker treatment response. Additionally, weak responders presented greater brain atrophy in the left temporoparietal operculum. Support vector machine classification revealed that gray matter density in this brain region, including additionally the supplementary and primary motor areas and the cerebellum, was able to differentiate weak and strong responders with 74% accuracy. Remarkably, age and regional gray matter density of the left temporoparietal operculum predicted both and independently treatment response as shown in a combined regression analysis. In conclusion, both increasing age and reduced gray matter density are valid and independent predictors of dopaminergic therapy response in Parkinson's disease.
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330
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A Brief Review on the Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Vitexin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4785089. [PMID: 30627560 PMCID: PMC6304565 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4785089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neural dysfunction is triggered by cellular and molecular events that provoke neurotoxicity and neural death. Currently, neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly common, and available treatments are focused on relieving symptoms. Based on the above, in this review we describe the participation of vitexin in the main events involved in the neurotoxicity and cell death process, as well as the use of vitexin as a therapeutic approach to suppress or attenuate neurodegenerative progress. Vitexin contributes to increasing neuroprotective factors and pathways and counteract the targets that induce neurodegeneration, such as redox imbalance, neuroinflammation, abnormal protein aggregation, and reduction of cognitive and/or motor impairment. The results obtained provide substantial evidence to support the scientific exploration of vitexin in these pathologies, since their effects are still little explored for this direction.
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331
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Huang J, Ren Y, Xu Y, Chen T, Xia TC, Li Z, Zhao J, Hua F, Sheng S, Xia Y. The delta-opioid receptor and Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1089-1099. [PMID: 30076686 PMCID: PMC6489828 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative neurological disease leading to a series of familial, medical, and social problems. Although it is known that the major characteristics of PD pathophysiology are the dysfunction of basal ganglia due to injury/loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic and exhaustion of corpus striatum dopamine, therapeutic modalities for PD are limited in clinical settings up to date. It is of utmost importance to better understand PD pathophysiology and explore new solutions for this serious neurodegenerative disorder. Our recent work and those of others suggest that the delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is neuroprotective and serves an antiparkinsonism role in the brain. This review summarizes recent progress in this field and explores potential mechanisms for DOR-mediated antiparkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Zhong Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yi Ren
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yuan Xu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Tao Chen
- Hainan General HospitalHaikouHainanChina
| | | | - Zhuo‐Ri Li
- Hainan General HospitalHaikouHainanChina
| | | | - Fei Hua
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Shi‐Ying Sheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Ying Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint FunctionFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Aeronautics and AstronauticsFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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332
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Caspases orchestrate microglia instrumental functions. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 171:50-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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333
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Xing Y, Sapuan A, Dineen RA, Auer DP. Life span pigmentation changes of the substantia nigra detected by neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1792-1799. [PMID: 30423212 PMCID: PMC6659388 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuromelanin is a pigment with strong iron‐chelating properties preferentially found in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Parkinson's disease is characterized by pronounced, MRI‐detectable neuromelanin loss, but the neuroprotective or neurotoxic role of neuromelanin remains debated. Histological studies have demonstrated neuromelanin increases with age, but this has not been confirmed in vivo, and there is uncertainty whether neuromelanin declines, stabilizes, or increases from middle age. Methods: This study aimed to establish physiological changes of pigmentation of the SNpc using a pooled data set of neuromelanin‐sensitive 3T MRI from 134 healthy individuals aged 5‐83 years. Neuromelanin‐related brightness (regional contrast to ratio) and calibrated hyperintense volumes were analyzed using linear and nonlinear regression models to characterize age effects. Laterality, sex, and subregional effects were also assessed. Results: For brightness, age effects were best described as a quadratic trajectory explaining 81.5% of the observed variance in the SNpc showing a strong increase from childhood to adolescence, with plateauing in middle age and a decline in older age. Similar but less pronounced effects were seen in hyperintense volumes. We also show an anterior‐posterior gradient in SNpc contrast, larger normalized neuromelanin‐rich volume in women > 47 years old, but no laterality effect. Conclusions: Using optimized neuromelanin MRI in a life span sample, we demonstrate a strong age effect with inverted U‐shaped SNpc pigmentation‐related contrast from childhood to old age. This age trajectory of physiological SNpc pigmentation needs to be taken into account for diagnostic applications of depigmentation. The study also paves the way for systematic investigations of the mechanisms of neuromelanin in healthy and pathological brain development and aging. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xing
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abdul Sapuan
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rob A Dineen
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dorothee P Auer
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
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334
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Tan BL, Norhaizan ME, Liew WPP, Sulaiman Rahman H. Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1162. [PMID: 30405405 PMCID: PMC6204759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older is positively linked to cognitive and biological degeneration such as physical frailty, psychological impairment, and cognitive decline. Oxidative stress is considered as an imbalance between pro- and antioxidant species, which results in molecular and cellular damage. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of age-related diseases. Emerging research evidence has suggested that antioxidant can control the autoxidation by interrupting the propagation of free radicals or by inhibiting the formation of free radicals and subsequently reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, and increase healthy longevity. Indeed, oxidation damage is highly dependent on the inherited or acquired defects in enzymes involved in the redox-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, the role of molecules with antioxidant activity that promote healthy aging and counteract oxidative stress is worth to discuss further. Of particular interest in this article, we highlighted the molecular mechanisms of antioxidants involved in the prevention of age-related diseases. Taken together, a better understanding of the role of antioxidants involved in redox modulation of inflammation would provide a useful approach for potential interventions, and subsequently promoting healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bee Ling Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Esa Norhaizan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellent, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases (NNCD), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie-Pui-Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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335
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H1/H2 MAPT haplotype and Parkinson's disease in Mexican mestizo population. Neurosci Lett 2018; 690:210-213. [PMID: 30339920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity and postural instability as well as early symptoms. Previous studies that evaluated the association between H1/H2 MAPT haplotype and PD were mostly conducted in European populations in which the H1 haplotype was a reported risk factor for PD. Despite those findings, some studies have suggested that the association may be ethnically dependent. Since studies conducted in Latin American population have been scarce, we genotyped the H1/H2 MAPT haplotype in Mexican mestizo population as part of a PD case-control study. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes in 108 cases and 108 controls and detection of the H1/H2 haplotypes was achieved by determining the MAPT_238 bp deletion/insertion variant at intron 9 through end-point PCR followed by visual 3% agarose gel electrophoresis interpretation. We observed no-association between genotypes and PD risk [OR/CI (Odds ratio/95% Confidence Interval) of 1.60 (0.78-3.29) for H1/H2 genotype and 2.26 (0.20-25.78) for H2/H2]. No-association was maintained when stratifying our groups by central (p = 0.27) and northern regions (p = 0.70). Our data suggest that H1/H2 MAPT haplotype is not a risk factor to PD in our population.
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336
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A review on iron chelators as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Mol Divers 2018; 23:509-526. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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337
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Wang H, Fang G, Wang K, Wu Z, Yao Q. Determination of Dopamine Using 2-(4-Boronophenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic Acids as Fluorescent Probes. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1488258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Guiqian Fang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongyu Wu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
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338
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Jin L, Wan W, Wang L, Wang C, Xiao J, Zhang F, Zhao J, Wang J, Zhan C, Zhong C. Elevated microRNA-520d-5p in the serum of patients with Parkinson's disease, possibly through regulation of cereloplasmin expression. Neurosci Lett 2018; 687:88-93. [PMID: 30243884 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron metabolism dysfunction and redox-active iron-induced oxidative stress in the brain may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. We have previously demonstrated that reduced serum ceruloplasmin level exacerbates nigral iron deposition in Parkinson's disease, although the underlying cause of the low serum ceruloplasmin level in Parkinson's disease remains unknown. Fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that patients with Parkinson's disease had higher serum levels of microRNA (miR)-520d-5p than controls (p = 0.0011). Patients with Alzheimer's disease or multiple system atrophy did not have significantly elevated miR-520d-5p levels. Expression of miR-520d-5p did not correlate with disease severity or the motor phenotype of Parkinson's disease. Luciferase assays confirmed that miR-520d-5p was associated with ceruloplasmin gene expression, as predicted by the TargetScan tool and miRBase. In vitro experiments showed that miR-520d-5p reduced ceruloplasmin gene expression in the U251 astrocyte cell line. Our data suggest that miR-520d-5p may be a potential regulator of ceruloplasmin gene expression in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Jin
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China.
| | - Wenbin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Biomedical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Changpeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Jianqiu Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Jue Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China
| | - Chunjiu Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China.
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339
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Weng M, Xie X, Liu C, Lim KL, Zhang CW, Li L. The Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species and Its Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2018; 2018:9163040. [PMID: 30245802 PMCID: PMC6139203 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9163040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The precise mechanism underlying pathogenesis of PD is not fully understood, but it has been widely accepted that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the key mediator of PD pathogenesis. The causative factors of PD such as gene mutation, neuroinflammation, and iron accumulation all could induce ROS generation, and the later would mediate the dopaminergic neuron death by causing oxidation protein, lipids, and other macromolecules in the cells. Obviously, it is of mechanistic and therapeutic significance to understand where ROS are derived and how ROS induce dopaminergic neuron damage. In the present review, we try to summarize and discuss the main source of ROS in PD and the key pathways through which ROS mediate DA neuron death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Weng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593
| | - Cheng-wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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340
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Willkommen D, Lucio M, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Gazzaz M, Schroeter M, Sigaroudi A, Michalke B. Species fractionation in a case-control study concerning Parkinson's disease: Cu-amino acids discriminate CSF of PD from controls. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 49:164-170. [PMID: 29472131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is affecting about 1% of the population above 65 years. Improvements in medicine support prolonged lifetime which increases the total concentration of humans affected by the disease. It is suggested that occupational and environmental exposure to metals like iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) can influence the risk for Parkinson's disease. These metals play a key role as cofactors in many enzymes and proteins. METHODS In this case-control study, we investigated the Mn-, Fe-, Cu- and Zn-species in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by size-exclusion chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SEC-ICP-MS) and the total concentration of these metals by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-sf-MS). RESULTS The investigation of total metal concentration and speciation provided only minor changes, but it produced strong significance for a number of ratios. The analysis revealed a strong change in the ratio between total concentration of Fe and the amino acid-fraction of Cu. This could be observed when analyzing both the respective element concentrations of the fraction (which also depends on individual variation of the total element concentration) as well as when being expressed as percentage of total concentration (normalization) which more clearly shows changes of distribution pattern independent of individual variation of total element concentrations. CONCLUSION Speciation analysis, therefore, is a powerful technique to investigate changes in a case-control study where ratios of different species play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Willkommen
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical Biogeochemistry, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Marianna Lucio
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical Biogeochemistry, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical Biogeochemistry, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; TU München, Lehrstuhl für Analytische Lebensmittelchemie, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Alte Akademie 10, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Malaz Gazzaz
- Uniklinik Köln, Institut I für Pharmakologie, Zentrum für Pharmakologie, Gleueler Straße 24, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Schroeter
- Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie und Psychiatrie, Kerpener Str. 62, 50924 Köln, Germany
| | - Ali Sigaroudi
- Uniklinik Köln, Institut I für Pharmakologie, Zentrum für Pharmakologie, Gleueler Straße 24, 50931 Köln, Germany; Universitätsspital Zürich, Klinik für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Rämistraße 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical Biogeochemistry, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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341
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Xu M, Tan X, Li N, Wu H, Wang Y, Xie J, Wang J. Differential regulation of estrogen in iron metabolism in astrocytes and neurons. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4232-4242. [PMID: 30132882 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated an effect of estrogen on iron metabolism in peripheral tissues. The role of estrogen on brain iron metabolism is currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of estrogen on iron transport proteins. We demonstrated that the iron exporter ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and iron importer divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) were upregulated and iron content was decreased after estrogen treatment for 12 hr in primary cultured astrocytes. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) was upregulated, but HIF-2α remained unchanged after estrogen treatment for 12 hr in primary cultured astrocytes. In primary cultured neurons, DMT1 was downregulated, FPN1 was upregulated, iron content decreased, iron regulatory protein (IRP1) was downregulated, but HIF-1α and HIF-2α remained unchanged after estrogen treatment for 12 hr. These results suggest that the regulation of iron metabolism by estrogen in astrocytes and neurons is different. Estrogen increases FPN1 and DMT1 expression by inducing HIF-1α in astrocytes, whereas decreased expression of IRP1 may account for the decreased DMT1 and increased FPN1 expression in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Tan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Clinical Medicine of Class Excellence, Grade 2013, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Clinical Medicine of Class 3, Grade 2014, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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342
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Alcalde LA, de Freitas BS, Machado GDB, de Freitas Crivelaro PC, Dornelles VC, Gus H, Monteiro RT, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Schröder N. Iron chelator deferiprone rescues memory deficits, hippocampal BDNF levels and antioxidant defenses in an experimental model of memory impairment. Biometals 2018; 31:927-940. [PMID: 30117045 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a key role in neural development and physiology, as well as in pathological states. Post-mortem studies demonstrate that BDNF is reduced in the brains of patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases. Iron accumulation has also been associated to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In rats, iron overload induces persistent memory deficits, increases oxidative stress and apoptotic markers, and decreases the expression of the synaptic marker, synaptophysin. Deferiprone (DFP) is an oral iron chelator used for the treatment of systemic iron overload disorders, and has recently been tested for Parkinson's disease. Here, we investigated the effects of iron overload on BDNF levels and on mRNA expression of genes encoding TrkB, p75NTR, catalase (CAT) and NQO1. We also aimed at investigating the effects of DFP on iron-induced impairments. Rats received iron or vehicle at postnatal days 12-14 and when adults, received chronic DFP or water (vehicle). Recognition memory was tested 19 days after the beginning of chelation therapy. BDNF measurements and expression analyses in the hippocampus were performed 24 h after the last day of DFP treatment. DFP restored memory and increased hippocampal BDNF levels, ameliorating iron-induced effects. Iron overload in the neonatal period reduced, while treatment with DFP was able to rescue, the expression of antioxidant enzymes CAT and NQO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Azambuja Alcalde
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Dalto Barroso Machado
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Castilhos de Freitas Crivelaro
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Victoria Campos Dornelles
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Henrique Gus
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tavares Monteiro
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Reis Bogo
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, 71605-001, Brazil.
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343
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Surmeier DJ. Determinants of dopaminergic neuron loss in Parkinson's disease. FEBS J 2018; 285:3657-3668. [PMID: 30028088 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Alpha-synuclein (aSYN) pathology and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in PD pathogenesis, but until recently it was unclear why SNc dopaminergic neurons should be particularly vulnerable to these two types of insult. In this brief review, the evidence that SNc dopaminergic neurons have an anatomical, physiological, and biochemical phenotype that predisposes them to mitochondrial dysfunction and synuclein pathology is summarized. The recognition that certain traits may predispose neurons to PD-linked pathology creates translational opportunities for slowing or stopping disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton James Surmeier
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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344
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Pesch B, Casjens S, Weiss T, Kendzia B, Arendt M, Eisele L, Behrens T, Ulrich N, Pundt N, Marr A, Robens S, Van Thriel C, Van Gelder R, Aschner M, Moebus S, Dragano N, Brüning T, Jöckel KH. Occupational Exposure to Manganese and Fine Motor Skills in Elderly Men: Results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. Ann Work Expo Health 2018; 61:1118-1131. [PMID: 29136419 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxx076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exposure to manganese (Mn) may cause movement disorders, but less is known whether the effects persist after the termination of exposure. This study investigated the association between former exposure to Mn and fine motor deficits in elderly men from an industrial area with steel production. Methods Data on the occupational history and fine motor tests were obtained from the second follow-up of the prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study (2011-2014). The study population included 1232 men (median age 68 years). Mn in blood (MnB) was determined in archived samples (2000-2003). The association between Mn exposure (working as welder or in other at-risk occupations, cumulative exposure to inhalable Mn, MnB) with various motor functions (errors in line tracing, steadiness, or aiming and tapping hits) was investigated with Poisson and logistic regression, adjusted for iron status and other covariates. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for substantially impaired dexterity (errors >90th percentile, tapping hits <10th percentile). Results The median of cumulative exposure to inhalable Mn was 58 µg m-3 years in 322 men who ever worked in at-risk occupations. Although we observed a partly better motor performance of exposed workers at group level, we found fewer tapping hits in men with cumulative Mn exposure >184.8 µg m-3 years (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.17-3.94). MnB ≥ 15 µg l-1, serum ferritin ≥ 400 µg l-1, and gamma-glutamyl transferase ≥74 U l-1 were associated with a greater number of errors in line tracing. Conclusions We found evidence that exposure to inhalable Mn may carry a risk for dexterity deficits. Whether these deficits can be exclusively attributed to Mn remains to be elucidated, as airborne Mn is strongly correlated with iron in metal fumes, and high ferritin was also associated with errors in line tracing. Furthermore, hand training effects must be taken into account when testing for fine motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Pesch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Marina Arendt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Lewin Eisele
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadin Ulrich
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Noreen Pundt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Marr
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Sibylle Robens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Van Thriel
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rainer Van Gelder
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute for Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Essen-Duisburg, Essen, Germany
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345
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Sánchez Campos S, Alza NP, Salvador GA. Lipid metabolism alterations in the neuronal response to A53T α-synuclein and Fe-induced injury. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 655:43-54. [PMID: 30098984 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathological α-synuclein (α-syn) overexpression and iron (Fe)-induced oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously characterized the role of triacylglycerol (TAG) formation in the neuronal response to Fe-induced OS. In this work we characterize the role of the α-syn variant A53T during Fe-induced injury and investigate whether lipid metabolism has implications for neuronal fate. To this end, we used the N27 dopaminergic neuronal cell line either untransfected (UT) or stably transfected with pcDNA3 vector (as a transfection control) or pcDNA-A53T-α-syn (A53T α-syn). The overexpression of A53T α-syn triggered an increase in TAG content mainly due to the activation of Acyl-CoA synthetase. Since fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation and phospholipid content did not change in A53T α-syn cells, the unique consequence of the increase in FA-CoA derivatives was their acylation in TAG moieties. Control cells exposed to Fe-induced injury displayed increased OS markers and TAG content. Intriguingly, Fe exposure in A53T α-syn cells promoted a decrease in OS markers accompanied by α-syn aggregation and elevated TAG content. We report here new evidence of a differential role played by A53T α-syn in neuronal lipid metabolism as related to the neuronal response to OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Sánchez Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia P Alza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Salvador
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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346
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Abstract
The development of an intervention to slow or halt disease progression remains the greatest unmet therapeutic need in Parkinson's disease. Given the number of failures of various novel interventions in disease-modifying clinical trials in combination with the ever-increasing costs and lengthy processes for drug development, attention is being turned to utilizing existing compounds approved for other indications as novel treatments in Parkinson's disease. Advances in rational and systemic drug repurposing have identified a number of drugs with potential benefits for Parkinson's disease pathology and offer a potentially quicker route to drug discovery. Here, we review the safety and potential efficacy of the most promising candidates repurposed as potential disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease in the advanced stages of clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Athauda
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Thomas Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.
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347
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Ferini-Strambi L, Carli G, Casoni F, Galbiati A. Restless Legs Syndrome and Parkinson Disease: A Causal Relationship Between the Two Disorders? Front Neurol 2018; 9:551. [PMID: 30087647 PMCID: PMC6066514 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease (RLS/WED) is a common sleep related movement disorder that can be idiopathic or occurs in comorbidity with other medical conditions such as polyneuropathy, iron deficiency anemia, multiple sclerosis, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, a growing body of literature investigated the association between RLS/WED and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Several questions regarding the comorbidity between these two disorders are still unanswered. If the insurgence of RLS/WED may precede the onset of PD, or if RLS/WED could represent a secondary condition of PD and if impaired dopaminergic pathway may represent a bridge between these two conditions are still debatable issues. In this review, we critically discuss the relationship between RLS/WED and PD by reviewing cross sectional and longitudinal studies, as well as the role of dopamine in these disorders. A twofold interpretation have to be taken into account: dopaminergic therapy may have a crucial role in the development of RLS/WED in PD patients or RLS/WED can be conceived as an early manifestation of PD rather than a risk factor. Several studies showed a high prevalence of RLS/WED in PD patients and several findings related to dopaminergic and iron alterations in both disorders, however up to now it is difficult to find a point of agreement between studies. A greater number of systematic and strongly controlled longitudinal studies as well as basic pathophysiological investigations particularly in RLS/WED are needed to clarify this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carli
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Casoni
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Galbiati
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology - Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy.,Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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348
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress increases in the brain with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous work emphasized irreversible oxidative damage in relation to cognitive impairment. This research has evolved to consider a continuum of alterations, from redox signaling to oxidative damage, which provides a basis for understanding the onset and progression of cognitive impairment. This review provides an update on research linking redox signaling to altered function of neural circuits involved in information processing and memory. Recent Advances: Starting in middle age, redox signaling triggers changes in nervous system physiology described as senescent physiology. Hippocampal senescent physiology involves decreased cell excitability, altered synaptic plasticity, and decreased synaptic transmission. Recent studies indicate N-methyl-d-aspartate and ryanodine receptors and Ca2+ signaling molecules as molecular substrates of redox-mediated senescent physiology. CRITICAL ISSUES We review redox homeostasis mechanisms and consider the chemical character of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and their role in regulating different transmitter systems. In this regard, senescent physiology may represent the co-opting of pathways normally responsible for feedback regulation of synaptic transmission. Furthermore, differences across transmitter systems may underlie differential vulnerability of brain regions and neuronal circuits to aging and disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS It will be important to identify the intrinsic mechanisms for the shift in oxidative/reductive processes. Intrinsic mechanism will depend on the transmitter system, oxidative stressors, and expression/activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, it will be important to identify how intrinsic processes interact with other aging factors, including changes in inflammatory or hormonal signals. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1724-1745.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brittney Yegla
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Thomas C Foster
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida.,2 Genetics and Genomics Program, Genetics Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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349
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Garza-Lombó C, Posadas Y, Quintanar L, Gonsebatt ME, Franco R. Neurotoxicity Linked to Dysfunctional Metal Ion Homeostasis and Xenobiotic Metal Exposure: Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1669-1703. [PMID: 29402131 PMCID: PMC5962337 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Essential metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc play a role as cofactors in the activity of a wide range of processes involved in cellular homeostasis and survival, as well as during organ and tissue development. Throughout our life span, humans are also exposed to xenobiotic metals from natural and anthropogenic sources, including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. It is well recognized that alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and an increased environmental/occupational exposure to xenobiotic metals are linked to several neurological disorders, including neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental alterations. Recent Advances: The redox activity of essential metals is key for neuronal homeostasis and brain function. Alterations in redox homeostasis and signaling are central to the pathological consequences of dysfunctional metal ion homeostasis and increased exposure to xenobiotic metals. Both redox-active and redox-inactive metals trigger oxidative stress and damage in the central nervous system, and the exact mechanisms involved are starting to become delineated. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we aim to appraise the role of essential metals in determining the redox balance in the brain and the mechanisms by which alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and exposure to xenobiotic metals disturb the cellular redox balance and signaling. We focus on recent literature regarding their transport, metabolism, and mechanisms of toxicity in neural systems. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Delineating the specific mechanisms by which metals alter redox homeostasis is key to understand the pathological processes that convey chronic neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1669-1703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Garza-Lombó
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska.,2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Yanahi Posadas
- 3 Departamentos de Farmacología y de, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México .,4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- 4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- 2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska
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350
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Mi HY, Jing X, Thomsom JA, Turng LS. Promoting Endothelial Cell Affinity and Antithrombogenicity of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by Mussel-Inspired Modification and RGD/Heparin Grafting. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3475-3485. [PMID: 30455952 PMCID: PMC6238965 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00654g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
When used as small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs), synthetic biomedical materials like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) may induce thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia due to the lack of an endothelial cell layer. Modification of the PTFE in an aqueous solution is difficult because of its hydrophobicity. Herein, aiming to simultaneously promote endothelial cell affinity and antithrombogenicity, a mussel-inspired modification approach was employed to enable the grafting of various bioactive molecules like RGD and heparin. This approach involves a series of pragmatic steps including oxygen plasma treatment, dopamine (DA) coating, polyethylenimine (PEI) grafting, and RGD or RGD/heparin immobilization. Successful modification in each step was verified via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Plasma treatment increased the hydrophilicity of PTFE, thereby allowing it to be efficiently coated with dopamine. Grafting of dopamine, RGD, and heparin led to an increase in surface roughness and a decrease in water contact angle due to increased surface energy. Platelet adhesion increased after dopamine and RGD modification, but it dramatically decreased when heparin was introduced. All of these modifications, especially the incorporation of RGD, showed favorable effects on endothelial cell attachment, viability, and proliferation. Due to strong cell-substrate interactions between endothelial cells and RGD, the RGD/heparin-grafted PTFE demonstrated high endothelial cell affinity. This facile modification method is highly suitable for all hydrophobic surfaces and provides a promising technique for SDVG modification to stimulate fast endothelialization and effective antithrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Mi
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Industrial Equipment and Control Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Xin Jing
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Industrial Equipment and Control Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - James A. Thomsom
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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