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Liu G, Li Q, Ni W, Zhang N, Zheng X, Wang Y, Shao D, Tai G. Cytotoxicity of various types of gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles in human breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6075-87. [PMID: 26491285 PMCID: PMC4598223 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s90887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown promising biological applications due to their unique electronic and optical properties. However, the potential toxicity of AuNPs remains a major hurdle that impedes their use in clinical settings. Mesoporous silica is very suitable for the use as a coating material for AuNPs and might not only reduce the cytotoxicity of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-coated AuNPs but might also facilitate the loading and delivery of drugs. Herein, three types of rod-like gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles (termed bare AuNPs, core-shell Au@mSiO2NPs, and Janus Au@mSiO2NPs) were specially designed, and the effects of these AuNPs on cellular uptake, toxic behavior, and mechanism were then systematically studied. Our results indicate that bare AuNPs exerted higher toxicity than the Au@mSiO2NPs and that Janus Au@mSiO2NPs exhibited the lowest toxicity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, consistent with the endocytosis capacity of the nanoparticles, which followed the order, bare AuNPs > core-shell Au@mSiO2NPs > Janus Au@mSiO2NPs. More importantly, the AuNPs-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells exhibited features that were characteristic of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, an enhanced Bax-to-Bcl-2 ratio, and loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Simultaneously, cytochrome c was released from mitochondria, and the caspase-3/9 cascade was activated. Moreover, both ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) partly blocked the induction of apoptosis in all AuNPs-treated cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that all AuNPs induce apoptosis through the ROS-/JNK-mediated mitochondrial pathway. Thus, Janus Au@mSiO2NPs exhibit the potential for applications in biomedicine, thus aiding the clinical translation of AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomu Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiongshu Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Beike Cell Engineering Research Institute, Yuanxing Science and Technology Building, Nanshan, Shenzhe, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Ni
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanomedicine Engineering Laboratory of Jilin Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanomedicine Engineering Laboratory of Jilin Province, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixiang Tai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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302
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Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Fungi and Yeast: A Review of Their Preparation, Properties, and Medical Applications. Molecules 2015; 20:16540-65. [PMID: 26378513 PMCID: PMC6332129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of nanotechnology, the use of various biological units instead of toxic chemicals for the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles, has received extensive attention. Among the many possible bio resources, biologically active products from fungi and yeast represent excellent scaffolds for this purpose. Since fungi and yeast are very effective secretors of extracellular enzymes and number of species grow fast and therefore culturing and keeping them in the laboratory are very simple. They are able to produce metal nanoparticles and nanostructure via reducing enzyme intracellularly or extracellularly. The focus of this review is the application of fungi and yeast in the green synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles. Meanwhile the domain of biosynthesized nanoparticles is somewhat novel; the innovative uses in nano medicine in different areas including the delivery of drug, cancer therapy, antibacterial, biosensors, and MRI and medical imaging are reviewed. The proposed signaling pathways of nanoparticles induced apoptosis in cancerous cells and anti-angiogenesis effects also are reviewed. In this article, we provide a short summary of the present study universally on the utilization of eukaryotes like yeast and fungi in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and their uses.
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303
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Kim KS, Lee D, Song CG, Kang PM. Reactive oxygen species-activated nanomaterials as theranostic agents. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2709-23. [PMID: 26328770 PMCID: PMC4612518 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from the endogenous oxidative metabolism or from exogenous pro-oxidant exposure. Oxidative stress occurs when there is excessive production of ROS, outweighing the antioxidant defense mechanisms which may lead to disease states. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the most abundant and stable forms of ROS, implicated in inflammation, cellular dysfunction and apoptosis, which ultimately lead to tissue and organ damage. This review is an overview of the role of ROS in different diseases. We will also examine ROS-activated nanomaterials with emphasis on hydrogen peroxide, and their potential medical implications. Further development of the biocompatible, stimuli-activated agent responding to disease causing oxidative stress, may lead to a promising clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kye S Kim
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561–756, South Korea
| | - Chul Gyu Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 561–756, South Korea
| | - Peter M Kang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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304
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Silver nanoparticle exposure induces rat motor dysfunction through decrease in expression of calcium channel protein in cerebellum. Toxicol Lett 2015; 237:112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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305
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New benzimidazole acridine derivative induces human colon cancer cell apoptosis in vitro via the ROS-JNK signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:1074-84. [PMID: 26235743 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the mechanisms underlying anticancer action of the benzimidazole acridine derivative N-{(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl}-2-butylacridin-9-amine(8m) against human colon cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Human colon cancer cell lines SW480 and HCT116 were incubated in the presence of 8m, and then the cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured. The expression of apoptotic/signaling genes and proteins was detected using RT-PCR and Western blotting. ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane depolarization were visualized with fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS 8m dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation of SW480 and HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 6.77 and 3.33 μmol/L, respectively. 8m induced apoptosis of HCT116 cells, accompanied by down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of death receptor-5 (DR5), truncation of Bid, cleavage of PARP, and activation of caspases (including caspase-8 and caspase-9 as well as the downstream caspases-3 and caspase-7). Moreover, 8m selectively activated JNK and p38 without affecting ERK in HCT116 cells. Knockout of JNK1, but not p38, attenuated 8m-induced apoptosis. In addition, 8m induced ROS production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization in HCT116 cells. Pretreatment with the antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine or glutathione attenuated 8m-induced apoptosis and JNK activation in HCT116 cells. CONCLUSION The new benzimidazole acridine derivative, 8m exerts anticancer activity against human colon cancer cells in vitro by inducing both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways via the ROS-JNK1 pathway.
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306
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Dhand V, Soumya L, Bharadwaj S, Chakra S, Bhatt D, Sreedhar B. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Coffea arabica seed extract and its antibacterial activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 58:36-43. [PMID: 26478284 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel green source was opted to synthesize silver nanoparticles using dried roasted Coffea arabica seed extract. Bio-reduction of silver was complete when the mixture (AgNO3+extract) changed its color from light to dark brown. UV-vis spectroscopy result showed maximum adsorption at 459 nm, which represents the characteristic surface plasmon resonance of nanosilver. X-ray crystal analysis showed that the silver nanoparticles are highly crystalline and exhibit a cubic, face centered lattice with characteristic (111), (200), (220) and (311) orientations. Particles exhibit spherical and ellipsoidal shaped structures as observed from TEM. Composition analysis obtained from SEM-EDXA confirmed the presence of elemental signature of silver. FTIR results recorded a downward shift of absorption bands between 800-1500 cm(-1) indicting the formation of silver nanoparticles. The mean particle size investigated using DLS was found to be in between 20-30 nm respectively. Anti-bacterial activity of silver nanoparticles on E. coli and S. aureus demonstrated diminished bacterial growth with the development of well-defined inhibition zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Dhand
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology, IST, JNTUH, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085 AP, India; Centre for Knowledge Management of Nanoscience and Technology, 12-5-32/8, Vijayapuri Colony, Tarnaka, 500017 AP, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 446-701 Yongin, Republic of Korea.
| | - L Soumya
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology, IST, JNTUH, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085 AP, India
| | - S Bharadwaj
- Department of Physics, Gitam Institute of Technology, Gitam University, Vishakapatnam, 530045 Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Chakra
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology, IST, JNTUH, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500085 AP, India
| | - Deepika Bhatt
- Centre for Knowledge Management of Nanoscience and Technology, 12-5-32/8, Vijayapuri Colony, Tarnaka, 500017 AP, India.
| | - B Sreedhar
- I &PC Division, IICT, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
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307
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Xu B, Mao Z, Ji X, Yao M, Chen M, Zhang X, Hang B, Liu Y, Tang W, Tang Q, Xia Y. miR-98 and its host gene Huwe1 target Caspase-3 in Silica nanoparticles-treated male germ cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12938. [PMID: 26263183 PMCID: PMC4531786 DOI: 10.1038/srep12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most commonly used nanomaterials with potential health hazards. However, the effects of Silica NP on germ cells and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, GC-2 and TM-4, which are two different types of male germ cells were exposed to Silica NP for 24h, and then general cytotoxicity and multi-parameter cytotoxicity were evaluated. Our results showed that Silica NP could induce apoptosis in GC-2 cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that Silica NP was localized in the lysosomes of GC-2 cells. High content screening (HCS) showed that Silica NP exposure could increased cell permeabilization and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in GC-2 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of apoptosis markers (Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9) in GC-2 cells were significantly increased, while Bcl-2 was decreased. Accordingly, the expression level of miR-98, which can regulate Caspase-3, was significantly decreased. Huwe1, the host gene of miR-98, was positively associated with miR-98 expression after Silica NP exposure. Dual luciferase reporter assay suggested that miR-98 directly targets Caspase-3. These results suggest that Silica NP induces apoptosis via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3 activation, while miR-98 plays key role in modulating this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Wuxi Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Zhilei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mengmeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Hang
- Department of Cancer & DNA Damage Responses, Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Wuxi Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Qiusha Tang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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308
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Huo L, Chen R, Zhao L, Shi X, Bai R, Long D, Chen F, Zhao Y, Chang YZ, Chen C. Silver nanoparticles activate endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway in cell and mouse models: The role in toxicity evaluation. Biomaterials 2015; 61:307-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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309
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Zhang H, Wang X, Wang M, Li L, Chang CH, Ji Z, Xia T, Nel AE. Mammalian Cells Exhibit a Range of Sensitivities to Silver Nanoparticles that are Partially Explicable by Variations in Antioxidant Defense and Metallothionein Expression. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3797-805. [PMID: 25930061 PMCID: PMC4537384 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While it is well known that there are interspecies differences in Ag sensitivity, differences in the cytotoxic responses of mammalian cells to silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are also observed. In order to explore these response outcomes, six cell lines, including epithelial cells (Caco-2, NHBE, RLE-6TN, and BEAS-2B) and macrophages (RAW 264.7 and THP-1) of human and rodent origin, are exposed to 20 nm citrate- and PVP-coated Ag NPs with Au cores, as well as 20 nm citrate-coated particles without cores. An MTS assay shows that while Caco-2 and NHBE cells are resistant to particles over a 0.1-50 μg mL(-1) dose range, RAW 264.7, THP-1, RLE-6TN, and BEAS-2B cells are more susceptible. While there are small differences in dissolution rates, there are no major differences in the cytotoxic potential of the different particles. However, differences in anti-oxidant defense and metallothionein expression among different cell types are observed, which can partially explain differential Ag NP sensitivity. So, it is important to consider these differences in understanding the potential heterogeneous effects of nano Ag on mammalian biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Zhang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | | | - Linjiang Li
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Ji
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Andre E. Nel
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
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310
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Tomankova K, Horakova J, Harvanova M, Malina L, Soukupova J, Hradilova S, Kejlova K, Malohlava J, Licman L, Dvorakova M, Jirova D, Kolarova H. Cytotoxicity, cell uptake and microscopic analysis of titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 82:106-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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311
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Xue Y, Zhang T, Zhang B, Gong F, Huang Y, Tang M. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by silver nanoparticles in human liver HepG2 cells in different dispersion media. J Appl Toxicol 2015. [PMID: 26198703 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been widely used in medical and healthcare products owing to their unique antibacterial activities. However, their safety for humans and the environment has not yet been established. This study evaluated the cellular proliferation and apoptosis of Ag NPs suspended in different solvents using human liver HepG2 cells. The ionization of Ag NPs in different dispersion media [deionized water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), saline and cell culture] was measured using an Ag ion selective electrode. The MTT assay was used to examine the cell proliferation activities. The effects of Ag NPs on cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed using flow cytometry. The degree of Ag NPs ionization differed with dispersion media, with the concentrations of silver ions in deionized water being the highest in all suspensions. Ag NPs could inhibit the viability of HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Ag NPs (40, 80 and 160 µg ml(-1)) exposure could cause cell-cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, significantly increasing the apoptosis rate and ROS generation, and decreasing the MMP in HepG2 cells more sensitive to deionized water than in cell culture. These results suggested that the cellular toxicological mechanism of Ag NPs might be related to the oxidative stress of cells by the generation of ROS, leading to mitochondria injury and induction of apoptosis. It also implies that it is important to assess the physicochemical properties of NPs in the media where the biological toxicity tests are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bangyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No.87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
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312
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Silver nanoparticles-induced cytotoxicity requires ERK activation in human bladder carcinoma cells. Toxicol Lett 2015; 237:237-43. [PMID: 26149761 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.06.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are toxic both in vitro and in vivo. We have investigated the possibility to exploit the cytotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles in T24 bladder carcinoma cells using both bare and PolyVinylPyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles. We show that the two types of silver nanoparticles promote morphological changes and cytoskeletal disorganization, are cytotoxic and induce cell death. These effects are due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species which are responsible, at least in part, for the sustained activation of ERK1/2. Indeed, both cytotoxicity and ERK1/2 activation are prevented by exposing the cells to the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine. Also blocking the ERK1/2 pathway with the MEK inhibitor PD98059 protects the cells from nanoparticles' cytotoxicity. Our findings suggest that ERK activation plays a role in silver nanoparticle-mediated cytotoxicity in T24 cells.
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313
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Perturbation of cellular mechanistic system by silver nanoparticle toxicity: Cytotoxic, genotoxic and epigenetic potentials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 221:4-21. [PMID: 25935324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently the applications of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are gaining overwhelming response due to the advancement of nanotechnology. However, only limited information is available with regard to their toxicity mechanism in different species. It is very essential to understand the complete molecular mechanism to explore the functional and long term applications of Ag NPs. Ag NPs could be toxic at cellular, subcellular, biomolecular, and epigenetic levels. Toxicity effects induced by Ag NPs have been evaluated using numerous in vitro and in vivo models, but still there are contradictions in interpretations due to disparity in methodology, test endpoints and several other model parameters which needs to be considered. Thus, this review article focuses on the progressive elucidation of molecular mechanism of toxicity induced by Ag NPs in various in vitro and in vivo models. Apart from these, this review also highlights the various ignored factors which are to be considered during toxicity studies.
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314
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Gurunathan S, Park JH, Han JW, Kim JH. Comparative assessment of the apoptotic potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized by Bacillus tequilensis and Calocybe indica in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells: targeting p53 for anticancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4203-22. [PMID: 26170659 PMCID: PMC4494182 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s83953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, the use of nanotechnology has been expanding very rapidly in diverse areas of research, such as consumer products, energy, materials, and medicine. This is especially true in the area of nanomedicine, due to physicochemical properties, such as mechanical, chemical, magnetic, optical, and electrical properties, compared with bulk materials. The first goal of this study was to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using two different biological resources as reducing agents, Bacillus tequilensis and Calocybe indica. The second goal was to investigate the apoptotic potential of the as-prepared AgNPs in breast cancer cells. The final goal was to investigate the role of p53 in the cellular response elicited by AgNPs. Methods The synthesis and characterization of AgNPs were assessed by various analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The apoptotic efficiency of AgNPs was confirmed using a series of assays, including cell viability, leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and Western blot. Results The absorption spectrum of the yellow AgNPs showed the presence of nanoparticles. XRD and FTIR spectroscopy results confirmed the crystal structure and biomolecules involved in the synthesis of AgNPs. The AgNPs derived from bacteria and fungi showed distinguishable shapes, with an average size of 20 nm. Cell viability assays suggested a dose-dependent toxic effect of AgNPs, which was confirmed by leakage of LDH, activation of ROS, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Western blot analyses revealed that AgNPs induce cellular apoptosis via activation of p53, p-Erk1/2, and caspase-3 signaling, and downregulation of Bcl-2. Cells pretreated with pifithrin-alpha were protected from p53-mediated AgNPs-induced toxicity. Conclusion We have demonstrated a simple approach for the synthesis of AgNPs using the novel strains B. tequilensis and C. indica, as well as their mechanism of cell death in a p53-dependent manner in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The present findings could provide insight for the future development of a suitable anticancer drug, which may lead to the development of novel nanotherapeutic molecules for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Han
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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315
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Hansen U, Thünemann AF. Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles in Cell Culture Medium Containing Fetal Bovine Serum. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6842-52. [PMID: 26018337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are being increasingly used in consumer products worldwide, and their toxicological effects are currently being intensely debated. In vitro tests play a significant role in nanoparticle risk assessment, but reliable particle characterization in the cell culture medium with added fetal bovine serum (CCM) used in these tests is not available. As a step toward filling this gap, we report on silver ion release by silver nanoparticles and on changes in the particle radii and in their protein corona when incubated in CCM. Particles of a certified reference material, p1, and particles of a commercial silver nanoparticle material, p2, were investigated. The colloidal stability of p1 is provided by the surfactants polyethylene glycol-25 glyceryl trioleate and polyethylene glycol-20 sorbitan monolaurate, whereas p2 is stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone. Dialyses of p1 and p2 reveal that their silver ion release rates in CCM are much larger than in water. Particle characterization was performed with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation, small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering, and electron microscopy. p1 and p2 have similar hydrodynamic radii of 15 and 16 nm, respectively. The silver core radii are 9.2 and 10.2 nm. Gel electrophoresis and subsequent peptide identification reveal that albumin is the main corona component of p1 and p2 after incubation in CCM that consists of Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium with 10% fetal bovine serum added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Hansen
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas F Thünemann
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
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316
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Orta-García ST, Plascencia-Villa G, Ochoa-Martínez AC, Ruiz-Vera T, Pérez-Vázquez FJ, Velázquez-Salazar JJ, Yacamán MJ, Navarro-Contreras HR, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Analysis of cytotoxic effects of silver nanoclusters on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells 'in vitro'. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1189-99. [PMID: 26281020 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have made these particles one of the most used nanomaterials in consumer products. Therefore, an understanding of the interactions (unwanted toxicity) between nanoparticles and human cells is of significant interest. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity effects of silver nanoclusters (AgNC, < 2 nm diameter) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Using flow cytometry and comet assay methods, we demonstrate that exposure of PBMC to AgNC induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage and apoptosis at 3, 6 and 12 h, with a dose-dependent response (0.1, 1, 3, 5 and 30 µg ml(-1)). Advanced electron microscopy imaging of complete and ultrathin-sections of PBMC confirmed the cytotoxic effects and cell damage caused by AgNC. The present study showed that AgNC produced without coating agents induced significant cytotoxic effects on PBMC owing to their high aspect ratio and active surface area, even at much lower concentrations (<1 µg ml(-1)) than those applied in previous studies, resembling what would occur under real exposure conditions to nanosilver-functionalized consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Teresa Orta-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Germán Plascencia-Villa
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Angeles Catalina Ochoa-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Tania Ruiz-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - J Jesús Velázquez-Salazar
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Miguel José Yacamán
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hugo Ricardo Navarro-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Iván N Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. San Luis Potosí, México.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.,Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí, México
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317
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Ayaz Ahmed KB, Mohammed AS, Veerappan A. Interaction of sugar stabilized silver nanoparticles with the T-antigen specific lectin, jacalin from Artocarpus integrifolia. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 145:110-116. [PMID: 25770933 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The advances in nanomedicine demonstrate the anticancer properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and considered as an alternative to the available chemotherapeutic agents. Owing to the preferential interaction of Artocarpus integrifolia lectin (jacalin) with Galβ1-3GalNAcα (a chemically well-defined tumor associated antigen), a study was undertaken to understand the interaction mechanism of AgNPs with jacalin in presence of specific sugar, galactose. Fluorescence spectroscopic analysis revealed that the AgNPs binding significantly quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of jacalin through a static quenching mechanism, and a non-radiative energy transfer occurred within the molecules. Association constants obtained from the interaction of different sugar-stabilized AgNPs with jacalin are in the order of 10(4)M(-1), this is in the same range as those obtained for the interaction of lectin with carbohydrate and hydrophobic ligand. Each subunit of the tetrameric jacalin binds one AgNPs, and the stoichiometry was unaffected by the presence of the specific sugar, galactose. Hemagglutination assay shows that sugar stabilized AgNPs interacts to jacalin at a site that is different from the saccharide-binding site. Analysis of the FTIR spectra of jacalin indicates that the binding of AgNPs does not alter the secondary structure of jacalin. More importantly, AgNPs exists in nano form even after interacting with the lectin. These results suggest that the development of lectin-AgNPs conjugate would be possible for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ansari Sulthan Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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318
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Swanner J, Mims J, Carroll DL, Akman SA, Furdui CM, Torti SV, Singh RN. Differential cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of silver nanoparticles on triple-negative breast cancer and non-triple-negative breast cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:3937-53. [PMID: 26185437 PMCID: PMC4501353 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s80349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of differential sensitivity of cancer cells as compared to normal cells has the potential to reveal a therapeutic window for the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a therapeutic agent for cancer therapy. Exposure to AgNPs is known to cause dose-dependent toxicities, including induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage, which can lead to cell death. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes are more vulnerable to agents that cause oxidative stress and DNA damage than are other breast cancer subtypes. We hypothesized that TNBC may be susceptible to AgNP cytotoxicity, a potential vulnerability that could be exploited for the development of new therapeutic agents. We show that AgNPs are highly cytotoxic toward TNBC cells at doses that have little effect on nontumorigenic breast cells or cells derived from liver, kidney, and monocyte lineages. AgNPs induced more DNA and oxidative damage in TNBC cells than in other breast cells. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that AgNPs reduce TNBC growth and improve radiation therapy. These studies show that unmodified AgNPs act as a self-therapeutic agent with a combination of selective cytotoxicity and radiation dose-enhancement effects in TNBC at doses that are nontoxic to noncancerous breast and other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Swanner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jade Mims
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David L Carroll
- Center for Nanoscale and Molecular Materials, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA ; Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT, USA
| | - Ravi N Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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319
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Sarkar K, Banerjee SL, Kundu PP, Madras G, Chatterjee K. Biofunctionalized surface-modified silver nanoparticles for gene delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5266-5276. [PMID: 32262602 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00614g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) find use in different biomedical applications including wound healing and cancer. We propose that the efficacy of the nanoparticles can be further augmented by using these particles for gene delivery applications. The objective of this work was to engineer biofunctionalized stable AgNPs with good DNA binding ability for efficient transfection and minimal toxicity. Herein, we report on the one-pot facile green synthesis of polyethylene glycol (PEG) stabilized chitosan-g-polyacrylamide modified AgNPs. The size of the PEG stabilized AgNPs was 38 ± 4 nm with a tighter size distribution compared to the unstabilized nanoparticles which showed bimodal distribution of particle sizes of 68 ± 5 nm and 7 ± 4 nm. To enhance the efficiency of gene transfection, the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptide was immobilized on the silver nanoparticles. The transfection efficiency of AgNPs increased significantly after immobilization of the RGDS peptide reaching up to 42 ± 4% and 30 ± 3% in HeLa and A549 cells, respectively, and significantly higher than 34 ± 3% and 23 ± 2%, respectively, with the use of polyethyleneimine (25 kDa). These nanoparticles were found to induce minimal cellular toxicity. Differences in cellular uptake mechanisms with RGDS immobilization resulting in improved efficiency are elucidated. This study presents biofunctionalized AgNPs for potential use as efficient nonviral carriers for gene delivery with minimal cytotoxicity toward augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of AgNPs used in different biomedical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
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320
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Niska K, Santos-Martinez MJ, Radomski MW, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. CuO nanoparticles induce apoptosis by impairing the antioxidant defense and detoxification systems in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cell line: Protective effect of crocetin. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:663-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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321
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Mytych J, Pacyk K, Pepek M, Zebrowski J, Lewinska A, Wnuk M. Nanoparticle-mediated decrease of lamin B1 pools promotes a TRF protein-based adaptive response in cultured cells. Biomaterials 2015; 53:107-16. [PMID: 25890711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In general, nanoparticle-based materials are promising candidates for use in biological systems for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, these materials' actions at the molecular level remain poorly understood. Nanoparticle (silica, silver and diamond)-induced oxidative stress and activation of the NF-κB pathway lead to the depletion of lamin B1 pools, which, in turn, results in upregulation of telomeric repeat binding factor (TRF) protein expression and maintenance of telomere length. In cancer cells, the TRF-based response is independent of the p53 pathway. In fibroblasts with active p53/p21 signaling, the levels of p53 and p21 are elevated and stress-induced premature senescence is observed. These results suggest that nanoparticles promote a telomere-focused cell adaptive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mytych
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pacyk
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Monika Pepek
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Zebrowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Anna Lewinska
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Maciej Wnuk
- Department of Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
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322
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Barbasz A, Oćwieja M, Barbasz J. Cytotoxic Activity of Highly Purified Silver Nanoparticles Sol Against Cells of Human Immune System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:817-34. [PMID: 25904037 PMCID: PMC4500849 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgN) in the articles of common use justifies the need to investigate their effects on the human body. Nanosilver toxicity of highly purified, stable, and well-characterized Ag sol toward human immune cells at various differentiation stages has been studied. Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were differentiated to granulocytes using dimethyl sulfoxide and to macrophage-like cells by phorbol ester. Human monocytic cells (U-937) were differentiated to monocytes and macrophages by phorbol ester. In the presence of AgN, different changes of their survival time were observed depending on cell differentiation. Differentiated cells showed a significantly higher resistance than the non-differentiated cells, depending on the contact time and AgN concentration. In the presence of AgN at concentration of 25 mg/l, fraction of non-differentiated cells alive after 24 h was equal to 45 %; for granulocytes this number increased to 75 % and for macrophages to 65 %. The presence of AgN increases the levels of intracellular antioxidant -glutathione and of nitric oxide - one of inflammation mediators. By checking the effect caused by effluent obtained from AgN sol purification resulting at AgN sol purification, it was proved that cytotoxity should be attributed to the action of silver particles themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barbasz
- />Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oćwieja
- />Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jakub Barbasz
- />Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland
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323
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Böhmert L, Niemann B, Lichtenstein D, Juling S, Lampen A. Molecular mechanism of silver nanoparticles in human intestinal cells. Nanotoxicology 2015; 9:852-60. [PMID: 25997095 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.980760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are used in consumer products like food contact materials, drinking water technologies and supplements, due to their antimicrobial properties. This leads to an oral uptake and exposure of intestinal cells. In contrast to other studies we found no apoptosis induction by surfactant-coated silver nanoparticles in the intestinal cell model Caco-2 in a previous study, although the particles induced oxidative stress, morphological changes and cell death. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the molecular mechanism of silver nanoparticles in Caco-2 cells. We used global gene expression profiling in differentiated Caco-2 cells, supported by verification of the microarray data by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and microscopic analysis, impedance measurements and assays for apoptosis and oxidative stress. Our results revealed that surfactant-coated silver nanoparticles probably affect the cells by outside-in signaling. They induce oxidative stress and have an influence on canonical pathways related to FAK, ILK, ERK, MAPK, integrins and adherence and tight junctions, thereby inducing transcription factors like AP1, NFkB and NRF2, which mediate cellular reactions in response to oxidative stress and metal ions and induce changes in the cytoskeleton and cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. The present data confirm the absence of apoptotic cell death. Non-apoptotic, necrotic cell death, especially in the intestine, can cause inflammation and influence the mucosal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Böhmert
- a Department Food Safety , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Birgit Niemann
- a Department Food Safety , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Dajana Lichtenstein
- a Department Food Safety , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Sabine Juling
- a Department Food Safety , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- a Department Food Safety , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
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324
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Wang Z, Xia T, Liu S. Mechanisms of nanosilver-induced toxicological effects: more attention should be paid to its sublethal effects. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:7470-81. [PMID: 25865054 PMCID: PMC4418973 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01133g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique physicochemical properties and remarkable antimicrobial activity, nanosilver (nAg) is increasingly being used in a wide array of fields, including medicine and personal care products. Despite substantial progress being made towards the understanding of the acute toxicity of nAg, large knowledge gaps still exist on the assessment of its chronic toxicity to humans. Chronic effects of nAg, typically at low doses (i.e. sublethal doses) should be different from the acute toxicity at high doses (i.e., lethal doses), which is analogous to other environmental pollutants. Although a few review papers have elaborated the findings on nAg-mediated toxicity, most of them only discussed overt toxicity of nAg at high-level exposure and failed to evaluate the chronic and cumulative effects of nAg at sublethal doses. Therefore, it is necessary to more stringently scrutinize the sublethal toxicity of nAg under environmentally relevant conditions. Herein, we recapitulated recent findings on the sublethal effects of nAg toxicity performed by our groups and others. We then discussed the molecular mechanisms by which nAg exerts its toxicity under low concentrations and compared that with nAg-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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325
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Thompson EA, Graham E, MacNeill CM, Young M, Donati G, Wailes EM, Jones BT, Levi-Polyachenko NH. Differential response of MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF 10A cells to hyperthermia, silver nanoparticles and silver nanoparticle-induced photothermal therapy. Int J Hyperthermia 2015; 30:312-23. [PMID: 25144821 DOI: 10.3109/02656736.2014.936051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) can generate heat upon exposure to infrared light. The in vitro response of breast cell lines to Ag NP, both with and without nanoparticle-induced heating was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ag NP heat generation, intracellular silver concentration, and cell viability of MDA-MB-231, MCF7, and MCF 10A breast cells with Ag NP alone, or after exposure to 0.79 or 2.94 W/cm2 of 800 nm light were evaluated. RESULTS The concentration of Ag NP to induce sufficient heat for cell death, upon exposure to 800 nm light, was 5-250 μg/mL. Clonogenics assay indicates a cytotoxic response of MCF7 (45% decrease) and MDA-MB-231 (80% decrease) cells to 10 µg/mL, whereas MCF 10A had a 25% increase. Without Ag NP, MDA-MB-231 cells were more susceptible to hyperthermia, compared to MCF7 and MCF 10A cells. Clonogenics assay of Ag NP-induced photothermal ablation demonstrated that MCF 10A cells have the highest survival fraction. MCF7 cells had more silver in the cytoplasm, MDA-MB-231 cells had more in the nuclei, and MCF 10A cells had equivalent concentrations in the cytoplasm and nuclei. CONCLUSIONS Ag NP are effective photothermal agents. A secondary benefit is the differential response of breast cancer cells to Ag NP-induced hyperthermia, due to increased intracellular silver content, compared to non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edreca A Thompson
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences , Winston-Salem , North Carolina
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326
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Roy S, Sadhukhan R, Ghosh U, Das TK. Interaction studies between biosynthesized silver nanoparticle with calf thymus DNA and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 141:176-84. [PMID: 25668698 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of calf thymus DNA (CTDNA) with silver nanoparticles (SNP) has been investigated following spectroscopic studies, analysis of melting temperature (Tm) curves and hydrodynamic measurement. In spectrophotometric titration and thermal denaturation studies of CTDNA it was found that SNP can form a complex with double-helical DNA and the increasing value of Tm also supported the same. The association constant of SNP with DNA from UV-Vis study was found to be 4.1×10(3) L/mol. The fluorescence emission spectra of intercalated ethidium bromide (EB) with increasing concentration of SNP represented a significant reduction of EB intensity and quenching of EB fluorescence. The results of circular dichroism (CD) suggested that SNP can change the conformation of DNA. From spectroscopic, hydrodynamic, and DNA melting studies, SNP has been found to be a DNA groove binder possessing partial intercalating property. Cell cytotoxicity of SNP was compared with that of normal silver salt solution on HeLa cells. Our results show that SNP has less cytotoxicity compared to its normal salt solution and good cell staining property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India.
| | - Ratan Sadhukhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Utpal Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
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327
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Liu F, Mahmood M, Xu Y, Watanabe F, Biris AS, Hansen DK, Inselman A, Casciano D, Patterson TA, Paule MG, Slikker W, Wang C. Effects of silver nanoparticles on human and rat embryonic neural stem cells. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:115. [PMID: 25904840 PMCID: PMC4389354 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nano-particles (Ag-NPs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in consumer products as antibacterial agents. The increased use of Ag NP-enhanced products will almost certainly increase environmental silver levels, resulting in increased exposures and the potential for increased adverse reactions including neurotoxic effects. In the present study, embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) from human and rat fetuses (gestational day-16) were used to determine whether Ag-NPs are capable of causing developmental neurotoxicity. The NSCs were cultured in serum free medium supplemented with appropriate growth factors. On the eighth day in vitro (DIV 8), the cells were exposed to Ag-NPs at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml for 24 h. The cultured cells then were characterized by NSC markers including nestin and SOX2 and a variety of assays were utilized to determine the effects of Ag-NPs on NSC proliferation and viability and the underlying mechanisms associated with these effects. The results indicate that mitochondrial viability (MTT metabolism) was substantially attenuated and LDH release was increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Ag-NPs-induced neurotoxicity was further confirmed by up-regulated Bax protein expression, an increased number of TUNEL-positively stained cells, and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS). NSC proliferation was also significantly decreased by Ag-NPs. Co-administration of acetyl-L-carnitine, an antioxidant agent, effectively blocked the adverse effects associated with Ag-NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Meena Mahmood
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Alexandru S Biris
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Deborah K Hansen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Amy Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Daniel Casciano
- Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Merle G Paule
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - William Slikker
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration Jefferson, AR, USA
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De Matteis V, Malvindi MA, Galeone A, Brunetti V, De Luca E, Kote S, Kshirsagar P, Sabella S, Bardi G, Pompa PP. Negligible particle-specific toxicity mechanism of silver nanoparticles: The role of Ag+ ion release in the cytosol. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 11:731-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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329
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Short-term changes in intracellular ROS localisation after the silver nanoparticles exposure depending on particle size. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:574-579. [PMID: 28962392 PMCID: PMC5598391 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposing cells to nanosilver particles (AgNPs) immediately induces ROS. Smaller AgNPs induce mitochondrial ROS production. AgNP-induced mitochondrial ROS are independent of particle internalisation.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. These effects are enhanced by smaller particles. Using live-cell imaging, we show that AgNPs induced ROS production rapidly in a size-dependent manner after exposure of cells to 70-nm and 1-nm AgNPs (AgNPs-70, AgNPs-1), but not AgNO3. Exposure of cells to 5 μg/mL each of AgNPs-70, AgNPs-1 or AgNO3 for 1 h decreased the cell viability by approximately 40%, 100% and 20%, respectively. ROS were rapidly induced after 5 and 60 min by AgNPs-1 and AgNPs-70, respectively, whereas AgNO3 had no detectable effect. ROS production detected using the reporter dichlorodihydrofluorescein was observed in whole cells and mitochondria 5 and 60 min after exposure to AgNPs-1. The present study is the first, to our knowledge, to report the temporal expression and intracellular localisation of ROS induced by AgNPs.
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330
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Aravinthan A, Govarthanan M, Selvam K, Praburaman L, Selvankumar T, Balamurugan R, Kamala-Kannan S, Kim JH. Sunroot mediated synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of its antibacterial and rat splenocyte cytotoxic effects. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1977-83. [PMID: 25792831 PMCID: PMC4362901 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s79106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid, green phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous extract of Helianthus tuberosus (sunroot tuber) was reported in this study. The morphology of the AgNPs was determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that biomolecules in the tuber extract were involved in the reduction and capping of AgNPs. The energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the AgNPs, using an energy range of 2–4 keV, confirmed the presence of elemental silver without any contamination. Further, the synthesized AgNPs were evaluated against phytopathogens such as Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas axonopodis. The AgNPs (1–4 mM) extensively reduced the growth rate of the phytopathogens. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of the synthesized AgNPs was analyzed using rat splenocytes. The cell viability was decreased according to the increasing concentration of AgNPs and 67% of cell death was observed at 100 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithan Aravinthan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea ; PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandasamy Selvam
- Centre for Biotechnology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Praburaman
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea ; PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangasamy Selvankumar
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College, Kalippatti, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rangachari Balamurugan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seralathan Kamala-Kannan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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331
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Seiffert J, Hussain F, Wiegman C, Li F, Bey L, Baker W, Porter A, Ryan MP, Chang Y, Gow A, Zhang J, Zhu J, Tetley TD, Chung KF. Pulmonary toxicity of instilled silver nanoparticles: influence of size, coating and rat strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119726. [PMID: 25747867 PMCID: PMC4352037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Particle size and surface chemistry are potential determinants of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) respiratory toxicity that may also depend on the lung inflammatory state. We compared the effects of intratracheally-administered AgNPs (20 nm and 110 nm; polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and citrate-capped; 0.1 mg/Kg) in Brown-Norway (BN) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In BN rats, there was both a neutrophilic and eosinophilic response, while in SD rats, there was a neutrophilic response at day 1, greatest for the 20 nm citrate-capped AgNPs. Eosinophilic cationic protein was increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in BN and SD rats on day 1. BAL protein and malondialdehyde levels were increased in BN rats at 1 and 7 days, and BAL KC, CCL11 and IL-13 levels at day 1, with increased expression of CCL11 in lung tissue. Pulmonary resistance increased and compliance decreased at day 1, with persistence at day 7. The 20 nm, but not the 110 nm, AgNPs increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness on day 1, which continued at day 7 for the citrate-capped AgNPs only. The 20 nm versus the 110 nm size were more proinflammatory in terms of neutrophil influx, but there was little difference between the citrate-capped versus the PVP-capped AgNPs. AgNPs can induce pulmonary eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, features characteristic of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Seiffert
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Farhana Hussain
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coen Wiegman
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Feng Li
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leo Bey
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Warren Baker
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Porter
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary P. Ryan
- Department of Material Science, Chemistry and the London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Chang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of Environment & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, United States of America
| | - Jie Zhu
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Terry D. Tetley
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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332
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Taylor U, Tiedemann D, Rehbock C, Kues WA, Barcikowski S, Rath D. Influence of gold, silver and gold-silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:651-664. [PMID: 25821705 PMCID: PMC4362334 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of engineered nanoparticles has risen exponentially over the last decade. Applications are manifold and include utilisation in industrial goods as well as medical and consumer products. Gold and silver nanoparticles play an important role in the current increase of nanoparticle usage. However, our understanding concerning possible side effects of this increased exposure to particles, which are frequently in the same size regime as medium sized biomolecules and accessorily possess highly active surfaces, is still incomplete. That particularly applies to reproductive aspects, were defects can be passed onto following generations. This review gives a brief overview of the most recent findings concerning reprotoxicological effects. The here presented data elucidate how composition, size and surface modification of nanoparticles influence viablility and functionality of reproduction relevant cells derived from various animal models. While in vitro cultured embryos displayed no toxic effects after the microinjection of gold and silver nanoparticles, sperm fertility parameters deteriorated after co-incubation with ligand free gold nanoparticles. However, the effect could be alleviated by bio-coating the nanoparticles, which even applies to silver and silver-rich alloy nanoparticles. The most sensitive test system appeared to be in vitro oocyte maturation showing a dose-dependent response towards protein (BSA) coated gold-silver alloy and silver nanoparticles leading up to complete arrest of maturation. Recent biodistribution studies confirmed that nanoparticles gain access to the ovaries and also penetrate the blood-testis and placental barrier. Thus, the design of nanoparticles with increased biosafety is highly relevant for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Taylor
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Mariensee, Germany
| | - Daniela Tiedemann
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Mariensee, Germany
| | - Christoph Rehbock
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Wilfried A Kues
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Mariensee, Germany
| | - Stephan Barcikowski
- Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Detlef Rath
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Animal Health, Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Mariensee, Germany
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333
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Yin N, Yao X, Zhou Q, Faiola F, Jiang G. Vitamin E attenuates silver nanoparticle-induced effects on body weight and neurotoxicity in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:405-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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334
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Khan M, Naqvi AH, Ahmad M. Comparative study of the cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:765-774. [PMID: 28962412 PMCID: PMC5598137 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are receiving increasing attention due to their widespread applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effect of ZnO and TiO2 NPs at different concentrations (50, 100, 250 and 500 ppm) and compare them with their respective salts using a battery of cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity parameters. To evaluate cytotoxicity, we have used human erythrocytes and for genotoxic studies human lymphocytes have been used as in vitro model species. Concentration dependent hemolytic activity to RBC's was obtained for both NPs. ZnO and TiO2 NPs resulted in 65.2% and 52.5% hemolysis at 250 ppm respectively indicating that both are cytotoxic to human RBCs. Antioxidant enzymes assays were also carried out in their respective hemolysates. Both nanoparticles were found to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) concomitant with depletion of glutathione and GST levels and increased SOD, CAT and lipid peroxidation in dose dependent manner. ZnO and TiO2 NPs exerted roughly equal oxidative stress in terms of aforementioned stress markers. Genotoxic potential of both the NPs was investigated by in vitro alkaline comet assay. DNA damage induced by the NPs was concentration dependent and was significantly greater than their ionic forms at 250 and 500 ppm concentrations. Moreover, the nanoparticles of ZnO were significantly more genotoxic than those of TiO2 at higher concentrations. The toxicity of these NPs is due to the generation of ROS thereby causing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India
| | - Alim Husain Naqvi
- Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials), Department of Applied Physics, Z.H. College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India
| | - Masood Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India
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335
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Carew AC, Hoque ME, Metcalfe CD, Peyrot C, Wilkinson KJ, Helbing CC. Chronic sublethal exposure to silver nanoparticles disrupts thyroid hormone signaling during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 159:99-108. [PMID: 25531432 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are engineered in the nanoscale (<100 nm) to have unique physico-chemical properties from their bulk counterparts. Nanosilver particles (AgNPs) are the most prevalent NPs in consumer products due to their strong antimicrobial action. While AgNP toxicity at high concentrations has been thoroughly investigated, the sublethal effects at or below regulatory guidelines are relatively unknown. Amphibian metamorphosis is mediated by thyroid hormone (TH), and initial studies with bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) indicate that low concentrations of AgNPs disrupt TH-dependent responses in premetamorphic tadpole tailfin tissue. The present study examined the effects of low, non-lethal, environmentally-relevant AgNP concentrations (0.018, 0.18 or 1.8 μg/L Ag; ∼10 nm particle size) on naturally metamorphosing Xenopus laevis tadpoles in two-28 day chronic exposures beginning with either pre- or prometamorphic developmental stages. Asymmetric flow field flow fractionation with online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and nanoparticle tracking analysis indicated a mixture of single AgNPs with homo-agglomerates in the exposure water with a significant portion (∼30-40%) found as dissolved Ag. Tadpoles bioaccumulated AgNPs and displayed transient alterations in snout/vent and hindlimb length with AgNP exposure. Using MAGEX microarray and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction transcript analyses, AgNP-induced disruption of five TH-responsive targets was observed. The increased mRNA abundance of two peroxidase genes by AgNP exposure suggests the presence of reactive oxygen species even at low, environmentally-relevant concentrations. Furthermore, differential responsiveness to AgNPs was observed at each developmental stage. Therefore, low concentrations of AgNPs had developmental stage-specific endocrine disrupting effects during TH-dependent metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Carew
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - M Ehsanul Hoque
- Water Quality Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Chris D Metcalfe
- Water Quality Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | - Caroline Peyrot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Kevin J Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Caren C Helbing
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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336
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Suliman Y AO, Ali D, Alarifi S, Harrath AH, Mansour L, Alwasel SH. Evaluation of cytotoxic, oxidative stress, proinflammatory and genotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:149-160. [PMID: 23804405 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are increasingly used in various products, due to their antibacterial properties. Despite its wide spread use, only little information on possible adverse health effects exists. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of silver nanoparticles (<100 nm) in human lung epithelial (A549) cells and the underlying mechanism of its cellular toxicity. Silver nanoparticles induced dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity in A549 cells demonstrated by MTT and LDH assays. Silver nanoparticles were also found to induce oxidative stress in dose and time-dependent manner indicated by depletion of GSH and induction of ROS, LPO, SOD, and catalase. Further, the activities of caspases and the level of proinflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly higher in treated cells. DNA damage, as measured by single cell gel electrophoresis, was also dose and time-dependent signicants in A549 cells. This study investigating the effects of silver nanoparticles in human lung epithelial cells has provided valuable insights into the mechanism of potential toxicity induced by silver nanoparticles and warrants more careful assessment of silver nanoparticles before their industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Omar Suliman Y
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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337
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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of oak fruit hull (jaft): synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic effect on mcf-7 cells. Int J Breast Cancer 2015; 2015:846743. [PMID: 25685560 PMCID: PMC4313055 DOI: 10.1155/2015/846743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A green synthetic approach by using oak fruit hull (Jaft) extract for preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed and optimized. Parameters affecting the synthesis of AgNPs, such as temperature, extract pH, and concentration of extract (ratio of plant sample to extraction solvent), were investigated and optimized. Optimum conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles are as follows: Ag+ concentration, 1 mM; extract concentration, 40 g/L (4% w/v); pH = 9 and temperature, 45°C. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TEM and DLS analyses have shown the synthesized AgNPs were predominantly spherical in shape with an average size of 40 nm. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized AgNPs and Jaft extract containing AgNPs against human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) was investigated and the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were found to be 50 and 0.04 μg/mL at 24 h incubation, respectively. This eco-friendly and cost-effective synthesis method can be potentially used for large-scale production of silver nanoparticles.
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338
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Thangam R, Sundarraj S, Vivek R, Suresh V, Sivasubramanian S, Paulpandi M, Karthick SV, Ragavi AS, Kannan S. Theranostic potentials of multifunctional chitosan–silver–phycoerythrin nanocomposites against triple negative breast cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Study focused to the applications of nanocomposites with therapeutic and imaging functions against TNBC cells. The developed multifunctional nanocomposites exhibited cell imaging, cytotoxicity with apoptosis induction against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Thangam
- Proteomics & Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641 046
- India
| | - Shenbagamoorthy Sundarraj
- Proteomics & Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641 046
- India
| | - Raju Vivek
- Proteomics & Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641 046
- India
| | - Veeraperumal Suresh
- Department of Zoology
- School of Life Sciences
- Periyar University
- Salem-636 011
- India
| | | | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Proteomics & Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641 046
- India
| | - S. Vignesh Karthick
- Department of Virology
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research
- Chennai-600 032
- India
| | - A. Sri Ragavi
- Department of Virology
- King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research
- Chennai-600 032
- India
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Proteomics & Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore-641 046
- India
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339
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Matai I, Sachdev A, Gopinath P. Multicomponent 5-fluorouracil loaded PAMAM stabilized-silver nanocomposites synergistically induce apoptosis in human cancer cells. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer based multicomponent therapeutic agent forin vitrocancer therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Matai
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Centre for Nanotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee
- India
| | - Abhay Sachdev
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Centre for Nanotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee
- India
| | - P. Gopinath
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Centre for Nanotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee
- India
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340
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Urbańska K, Pająk B, Orzechowski A, Sokołowska J, Grodzik M, Sawosz E, Szmidt M, Sysa P. The effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on proliferation and apoptosis of in ovo cultured glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:98. [PMID: 25852394 PMCID: PMC4385140 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-0823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) provide a unique approach to the treatment of tumors, especially those of neuroepithelial origin. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of AgNPs on proliferation and activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells cultured in an in ovo model. Human GBM cells, line U-87, were placed on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane. After 8 days, the tumors were divided into three groups: control (non-treated), treated with colloidal AgNPs (40 μg/ml), and placebo (tumors supplemented with vehicle only). At the end of the experiment, all tumors were isolated. Assessment of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis was estimated by histological, immunohistochemical, and Western blot analyses. The results show that AgNPs can influence GBM growth. AgNPs inhibit proliferation of GBM cells and seem to have proapoptotic properties. Although there were statistically significant differences between control and AgNP groups in the AI and the levels of active caspase 9 and active caspase 3, the level of these proteins in GBM cells treated with AgNPs seems to be on the border between the spontaneous apoptosis and the induced. Our results indicate that the antiproliferative properties of silver nanoparticles overwhelm proapoptotic ones. Further research focused on the cytotoxic effect of AgNPs on tumor and normal cells should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Urbańska
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- />Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- />Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Orzechowski
- />Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- />Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Sokołowska
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Grodzik
- />Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- />Division of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Szmidt
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Sysa
- />Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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341
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Foldbjerg R, Jiang X, Miclăuş T, Chen C, Autrup H, Beer C. Silver nanoparticles – wolves in sheep's clothing? Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind silver nanoparticle toxicity and their intracellular fate. In addition, the role of silver ions in the toxicity of silver nanoparticles is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Foldbjerg
- Department of Public Health
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
- The Faculty of Medicine
| | - Xiumei Jiang
- Department of Public Health
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
- The National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
| | | | - Chunying Chen
- The National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Herman Autrup
- Department of Public Health
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Christiane Beer
- Department of Public Health
- Aarhus University
- 8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
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342
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Safety Studies of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Used in Food Industry. FOOD NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13596-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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343
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Bhushan B, Gopinath P. Tumor-targeted folate-decorated albumin-stabilised silver nanoparticles induce apoptosis at low concentration in human breast cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16936d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study exploits the folate-mediated delivery of bovine serum albumin (BSA) stabilized Ag NPs and thereby overcomes various drawbacks associated with non-specific targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhushan
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Centre for Nanotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee
- India
| | - P. Gopinath
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- Centre for Nanotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee
- India
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344
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Tabei Y, Sonoda A, Nakajima Y, Biju V, Makita Y, Yoshida Y, Horie M. In vitro evaluation of the cellular effect of indium tin oxide nanoparticles using the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Metallomics 2015; 7:816-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles are taken up by human lung adenocarcinoma cells and the nanoparticles induce oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Tabei
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Akinari Sonoda
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yoji Makita
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Masanori Horie
- Health Research Institute
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Takamatsu, Japan
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345
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Patlolla AK, Hackett D, Tchounwou PB. Silver nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress-dependent toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 399:257-68. [PMID: 25355157 PMCID: PMC4268425 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to the intensive commercial application of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), their health risk assessment is of great importance. For acute toxicity evaluation of orally administered Ag-NPs, induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activity of liver function enzymes [(alanine (ALT/GPT), aspartate (AST/GOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], concentration of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), comet assay, and histopathology of liver in the rat model were performed. Four groups of five male rats were orally administered Ag-NPs, once a day for five days with doses of 5, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, body weight. A control group was also made of five rats. Blood and liver were collected 24 h after the last treatment following standard protocols. Ag-NPs exposure increased the induction of ROS, activities of the liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), concentration of lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), tail migration, and morphological alterations of the liver tissue in exposed groups compared to control. The highest two doses, 50 and 100 mg/kg showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) increases in ROS induction, ALT, AST, ALP activity, LHP concentration, DNA damage, and morphological alterations of liver compared to control. Based on these results, it is suggested that short-term administration of high doses of Ag-NP may cause organ toxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita K Patlolla
- NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA,
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346
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Akbaba GB, Turkez H, Sönmez E, Tatar A, Yilmaz M. Genotoxicity in primary human peripheral lymphocytes after exposure to lithium titanate nanoparticles in vitro. Toxicol Ind Health 2014; 32:1423-1429. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233714562624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lithium titanate (Li2TiO3) nanoparticles (LTT NPs; <100 nm) are widely used in battery technology, porcelain enamels, and ceramic insulating bodies. With the increased applications of LTT NPs, the concerns about their potential human toxicity effects and their environmental impact were also increased. However, toxicity data for LTT NPs relating to human health are very limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether LTT NPs are able to induce genetic damage in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro when taking into consideration that DNA damage plays an important role in carcinogenesis. With this aim, the chromosome aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE), and micronucleus (MN) assays were used as genotoxicity end points. Human peripheral lymphocytes obtained from five healthy male volunteers were exposed to LTT NPs at final dispersed concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 μg/mL for 72 h at 37°C. The obtained results indicated that LTT NPs compound did not induce DNA damage in human peripheral lymphocytes as depicted by CA/cell, SCE/cell, and MN/1000 cell values in all concentrations tested. In summary, our results revealed that exposure to LTT NPs is not capable of inducing DNA lesions in human peripheral lymphocytes for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giray B Akbaba
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdal Sönmez
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yilmaz
- Department of Physics, K. K. Education Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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347
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Theodorou IG, Ryan MP, Tetley TD, Porter AE. Inhalation of silver nanomaterials--seeing the risks. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23936-74. [PMID: 25535082 PMCID: PMC4284799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Demand for silver engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is increasing rapidly in optoelectronic and in health and medical applications due to their antibacterial, thermal, electrical conductive, and other properties. The continued commercial up-scaling of ENM production and application needs to be accompanied by an understanding of the occupational health, public safety and environmental implications of these materials. There have been numerous in vitro studies and some in vivo studies of ENM toxicity but their results are frequently inconclusive. Some of the variability between studies has arisen due to a lack of consistency between experimental models, since small differences between test materials can markedly alter their behaviour. In addition, the propensity for the physicochemistry of silver ENMs to alter, sometimes quite radically, depending on the environment they encounter, can profoundly alter their bioreactivity. Consequently, it is important to accurately characterise the materials before use, at the point of exposure and at the nanomaterial-tissue, or "nanobio", interface, to be able to appreciate their environmental impact. This paper reviews current literature on the pulmonary effects of silver nanomaterials. We focus our review on describing whether, and by which mechanisms, the chemistry and structure of these materials can be linked to their bioreactivity in the respiratory system. In particular, the mechanisms by which the physicochemical properties (e.g., aggregation state, morphology and chemistry) of silver nanomaterials change in various biological milieu (i.e., relevant proteins, lipids and other molecules, and biofluids, such as lung surfactant) and affect subsequent interactions with and within cells will be discussed, in the context not only of what is measured but also of what can be visualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G Theodorou
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Mary P Ryan
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Teresa D Tetley
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Cale Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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348
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Rinna A, Magdolenova Z, Hudecova A, Kruszewski M, Refsnes M, Dusinska M. Effect of silver nanoparticles on mitogen-activated protein kinases activation: role of reactive oxygen species and implication in DNA damage. Mutagenesis 2014; 30:59-66. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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349
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Zou J, Feng H, Mannerström M, Heinonen T, Pyykkö I. Toxicity of silver nanoparticle in rat ear and BALB/c 3T3 cell line. J Nanobiotechnology 2014; 12:52. [PMID: 25467963 PMCID: PMC4272548 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-014-0052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) displayed strong activities in anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-fungal studies and was reportedly efficient in treating otitis media .The potential impact of AgNPs on the inner ear was missing. Objective Attempted to evaluate the potential toxicity of AgNPs in the inner ear, middle ear, and external ear canal after transtympanic injection in rats. Results In in vitro studies, the IC50 for AgNPs in neutral red uptake assay was lower than that in NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase enzyme assay (WST-1) and higher than that in total cellular ATP and nuclear membrane integrity (propidium iodide) assessments. In in vivo experiments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that significant changes in the permeability of biological barriers occurred in the middle ear mucosa, the skin of the external ear canal, and the inner ear at 5 h post-transtympanic injection of AgNPs at concentrations ranging from 20 μg/ml to 4000 μg/ml. The alterations in permeability showed a dosage-response relationship, and were reversible. The auditory brainstem response showed that 4000 μg/ml AgNPs induced hearing loss with partial recovery at 7 d, whereas 20 μg/ml caused reversible hearing loss. The functional change in auditory system was in line with the histology results. In general, the BALB/c 3T3 cell line is more than 1000 times more sensitive than the in vivo studies. Impairment of the mitochondrial function was indicated to be the mechanism of toxicity of AgNPs. Conclusion These results suggest that AgNPs caused significant, dose-dependent changes in the permeability of biological barriers in the middle ear mucosa, the skin of the external ear canal, and the inner ear. In general, the BALB/c 3T3 cell line is more than 1000 times more sensitive than the in vivo studies. The rat ear model might be expended to other engineered nanomaterials in nanotoxicology study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-014-0052-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zou
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery of Chinese PLA, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hao Feng
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Marika Mannerström
- The Finnish Centre for Alternative Methods, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Tuula Heinonen
- The Finnish Centre for Alternative Methods, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Ilmari Pyykkö
- Hearing and Balance Research Unit, Field of Oto-laryngology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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350
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Chen CW, Hsu CY, Lai SM, Syu WJ, Wang TY, Lai PS. Metal nanobullets for multidrug resistant bacteria and biofilms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 78:88-104. [PMID: 25138828 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases were one of the major causes of mortality until now because drug-resistant bacteria have arisen under broad use and abuse of antibacterial drugs. These multidrug-resistant bacteria pose a major challenge to the effective control of bacterial infections and this threat has prompted the development of alternative strategies to treat bacterial diseases. Recently, use of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) as antibacterial agents is one of the promising strategies against bacterial drug resistance. This review first describes mechanisms of bacterial drug resistance and then focuses on the properties and applications of metallic NPs as antibiotic agents to deal with antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant bacteria. We also provide an overview of metallic NPs as bactericidal agents combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their potential in vivo toxicology for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Syu-Ming Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jhe Syu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Shan Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan; Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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