301
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Ohoka N, Nagai K, Shibata N, Hattori T, Nara H, Cho N, Naito M. SNIPER(TACC3) induces cytoplasmic vacuolization and sensitizes cancer cells to Bortezomib. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1032-1041. [PMID: 28192613 PMCID: PMC5448626 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously developed a hybrid small molecule SNIPER (Specific and Nongenetic IAP‐dependent Protein ERaser) against transforming acidic coiled‐coil‐3 (TACC3), SNIPER(TACC3), that induces proteasomal degradation of TACC3 protein. In this study, we found that SNIPER(TACC3) induces cytoplasmic vacuolization derived from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and paraptosis‐like cell death selectively in cancer cells. Mechanistic analysis suggests that accumulation of ubiquitylated protein aggregates that requires X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) induces ER stress, which results in ER‐stress responses involving X‐box binding protein‐1 (XBP‐1) and ER‐derived vacuolization in cancer cells. Importantly, inhibition of proteasome enhanced the SNIPER(TACC3)‐induced vacuolization, and the combination treatment of SNIPER(TACC3) and bortezomib exhibited a synergistic anticancer activity in several cancer cell lines. The induction of paraptosis‐like cell death in cancer cells by SNIPER(TACC3) could be applied to treat cancer cells resistant to undergo apoptosis by overexpression of XIAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobumichi Ohoka
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Nagai
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihito Shibata
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hattori
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nara
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Cho
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikihiko Naito
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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302
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Kim SW, Lee JS, Lee SW, Kang BH, Kwon JB, Kim OS, Kim JS, Kim ES, Kwon DH, Kang SW. Easy-to-Fabricate and High-Sensitivity LSPR Type Specific Protein Detection Sensor Using AAO Nano-Pore Size Control. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040856. [PMID: 28406469 PMCID: PMC5424733 DOI: 10.3390/s17040856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a pore size/pore area-controlled optical biosensor-based anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanostructure. As the pore size of AAO increases, the unit cell of AAO increases, which also increases the non-pore area to which the antibody binds. The increase in the number of antibodies immobilized on the surface of the AAO enables effective detection of trace amounts of antigen, because increased antigen-antibody bonding results in a larger surface refractive index change. High sensitivity was thus achieved through amplification of the interference wave of two vertically-incident reflected waves through the localized surface plasmon resonance phenomenon. The sensitivity of the fabricated sensor was evaluated by measuring the change in wavelength with the change in the refractive index of the device surface, and sensitivity was increased with increasing pore-size and non-pore area. The sensitivity of the fabricated sensor was improved and up to 11.8 ag/mL serum amyloid A1 antigen was detected. In addition, the selectivity of the fabricated sensor was confirmed through a reaction with a heterogeneous substance, C-reactive protein antigen. By using hard anodization during fabrication of the AAO, the fabrication time of the device was reduced and the AAO chip was fabricated quickly and easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae-Wan Kim
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Jae-Sung Lee
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Byoung-Ho Kang
- Division of Advanced Research and Development, SINOKOR, 12 Seongseogongdanbuk-ro 43-gil, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-920, Korea.
| | - Jin-Beom Kwon
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Ok-Sik Kim
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Ju-Seong Kim
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
| | - Eung-Soo Kim
- Division of Computer and Electronic Engineering, Pusan University of Foreign studies, 65 Namsan-dong, Geumjeong-gu, 608-738 Busan, Korea.
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kwon
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Kyungil University, Hayang-up, Gyeongsang buk-do 712-702, Korea.
| | - Shin-Won Kang
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Bukgu, 702-701 Daegu, Korea.
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303
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Sullivan B, Robison G, Osborn J, Kay M, Thompson P, Davis K, Zakharova T, Antipova O, Pushkar Y. On the nature of the Cu-rich aggregates in brain astrocytes. Redox Biol 2017; 11:231-239. [PMID: 28012438 PMCID: PMC5198742 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fulfilling a bevy of biological roles, copper is an essential metal for healthy brain function. Cu dyshomeostasis has been demonstrated to be involved in some neurological conditions including Menkes and Alzheimer's diseases. We have previously reported localized Cu-rich aggregates in astrocytes of the subventricular zone (SVZ) in rodent brains with Cu concentrations in the hundreds of millimolar. Metallothionein, a cysteine-rich protein critical to metal homeostasis and known to participate in a variety of neuroprotective and neuroregenerative processes, was proposed as a binding protein. Here, we present an analysis of metallothionein(1,2) knockout (MTKO) mice and age-matched controls using X-ray fluorescence microscopy. In large structures such as the corpus callosum, cortex, and striatum, there is no significant difference in Cu, Fe, or Zn concentrations in MTKO mice compared to age-matched controls. In the astrocyte-rich subventricular zone where Cu-rich aggregates reside, approximately 1/3 as many Cu-rich aggregates persist in MTKO mice resulting in a decrease in periventricular Cu concentration. Aggregates in both wild-type and MTKO mice show XANES spectra characteristic of CuxSy multimetallic clusters and have similar [S]/[Cu] ratios. Consistent with assignment as a CuxSy multimetallic cluster, the astrocyte-rich SVZ of both MTKO and wild-type mice exhibit autofluorescent bodies, though MTKO mice exhibit fewer. Furthermore, XRF imaging of Au-labeled lysosomes and ubiquitin demonstrates a lack of co-localization with Cu-rich aggregates suggesting they are not involved in a degradation pathway. Overall, these data suggest that Cu in aggregates is bound by either metallothionein-3 or a yet unknown protein similar to metallothionein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Sullivan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Gregory Robison
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Jenna Osborn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Martin Kay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Peter Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Katherine Davis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Taisiya Zakharova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Olga Antipova
- BioCAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, United States; XSD, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439, United States
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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304
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De Smet F, Saiz Rubio M, Hompes D, Naus E, De Baets G, Langenberg T, Hipp MS, Houben B, Claes F, Charbonneau S, Delgado Blanco J, Plaisance S, Ramkissoon S, Ramkissoon L, Simons C, van den Brandt P, Weijenberg M, Van England M, Lambrechts S, Amant F, D'Hoore A, Ligon KL, Sagaert X, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F. Nuclear inclusion bodies of mutant and wild-type p53 in cancer: a hallmark of p53 inactivation and proteostasis remodelling by p53 aggregation. J Pathol 2017; 242:24-38. [PMID: 28035683 DOI: 10.1002/path.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although p53 protein aggregates have been observed in cancer cell lines and tumour tissue, their impact in cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we extensively screened for p53 aggregation phenotypes in tumour biopsies, and identified nuclear inclusion bodies (nIBs) of transcriptionally inactive mutant or wild-type p53 as the most frequent aggregation-like phenotype across six different cancer types. p53-positive nIBs co-stained with nuclear aggregation markers, and shared molecular hallmarks of nIBs commonly found in neurodegenerative disorders. In cell culture, tumour-associated stress was a strong inducer of p53 aggregation and nIB formation. This was most prominent for mutant p53, but could also be observed in wild-type p53 cell lines, for which nIB formation correlated with the loss of p53's transcriptional activity. Importantly, protein aggregation also fuelled the dysregulation of the proteostasis network in the tumour cell by inducing a hyperactivated, oncogenic heat-shock response, to which tumours are commonly addicted, and by overloading the proteasomal degradation system, an observation that was most pronounced for structurally destabilized mutant p53. Patients showing tumours with p53-positive nIBs suffered from a poor clinical outcome, similar to those with loss of p53 expression, and tumour biopsies showed a differential proteostatic expression profile associated with p53-positive nIBs. p53-positive nIBs therefore highlight a malignant state of the tumour that results from the interplay between (1) the functional inactivation of p53 through mutation and/or aggregation, and (2) microenvironmental stress, a combination that catalyses proteostatic dysregulation. This study highlights several unexpected clinical, biological and therapeutically unexplored parallels between cancer and neurodegeneration. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Smet
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mirian Saiz Rubio
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daphne Hompes
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Naus
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet De Baets
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tobias Langenberg
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bert Houben
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Claes
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Charbonneau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Javier Delgado Blanco
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephane Plaisance
- Nucleomics Core, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shakti Ramkissoon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori Ramkissoon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Colinda Simons
- Department of Epidemiology - GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Piet van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology - GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology - GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon Van England
- Department of Pathology - GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrina Lambrechts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André D'Hoore
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xavier Sagaert
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- The Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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305
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Nath SR, Lieberman AP. The Ubiquitination, Disaggregation and Proteasomal Degradation Machineries in Polyglutamine Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:78. [PMID: 28381987 PMCID: PMC5360718 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine disorders are chronic, progressive neurodegenerative diseases caused by expansion of a glutamine tract in widely expressed genes. Despite excellent models of disease, a well-documented clinical history and progression, and established genetic causes, there are no FDA approved, disease modifying treatments for these disorders. Downstream of the mutant protein, several divergent pathways of toxicity have been identified over the last several decades, supporting the idea that targeting only one of these pathways of toxicity is unlikely to robustly alleviate disease progression. As a result, a vast body of research has focused on eliminating the mutant protein to broadly prevent downstream toxicity, either by silencing mutant protein expression or leveraging the endogenous protein quality control machinery. In the latter approach, a focus has been placed on four critical components of mutant protein degradation that are active in the nucleus, a key site of toxicity: disaggregation, ubiquitination, deubiquitination, and proteasomal activity. These machineries have unique functional components, but work together as a cellular defense system that can be successfully leveraged to alleviate disease phenotypes in several models of polyglutamine toxicity. This review will highlight recent advances in understanding both the potential and role of these components of the protein quality control machinery in polyglutamine disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir R Nath
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn Arbor, MI, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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306
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Adegbuyiro A, Sedighi F, Pilkington AW, Groover S, Legleiter J. Proteins Containing Expanded Polyglutamine Tracts and Neurodegenerative Disease. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1199-1217. [PMID: 28170216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several hereditary neurological and neuromuscular diseases are caused by an abnormal expansion of trinucleotide repeats. To date, there have been 10 of these trinucleotide repeat disorders associated with an expansion of the codon CAG encoding glutamine (Q). For these polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, there is a critical threshold length of the CAG repeat required for disease, and further expansion beyond this threshold is correlated with age of onset and symptom severity. PolyQ expansion in the translated proteins promotes their self-assembly into a variety of oligomeric and fibrillar aggregate species that accumulate into the hallmark proteinaceous inclusion bodies associated with each disease. Here, we review aggregation mechanisms of proteins with expanded polyQ-tracts, structural consequences of expanded polyQ ranging from monomers to fibrillar aggregates, the impact of protein context and post-translational modifications on aggregation, and a potential role for lipid membranes in aggregation. As the pathogenic mechanisms that underlie these disorders are often classified as either a gain of toxic function or loss of normal protein function, some toxic mechanisms associated with mutant polyQ tracts will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Adegbuyiro
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, 217 Clark Hall, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Faezeh Sedighi
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, 217 Clark Hall, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Albert W Pilkington
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, 217 Clark Hall, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Sharon Groover
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, 217 Clark Hall, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Justin Legleiter
- The C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, 217 Clark Hall, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.,Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, P.O. Box 9304, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.,NanoSAFE, P.O. Box 6223, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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307
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Stroo E, Koopman M, Nollen EAA, Mata-Cabana A. Cellular Regulation of Amyloid Formation in Aging and Disease. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:64. [PMID: 28261044 PMCID: PMC5306383 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population is aging, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer and Parkinson disease, is growing. The pathology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by the presence of protein aggregates of disease specific proteins in the brain of patients. Under certain conditions these disease proteins can undergo structural rearrangements resulting in misfolded proteins that can lead to the formation of aggregates with a fibrillar amyloid-like structure. Cells have different mechanisms to deal with this protein aggregation, where the molecular chaperone machinery constitutes the first line of defense against misfolded proteins. Proteins that cannot be refolded are subjected to degradation and compartmentalization processes. Amyloid formation has traditionally been described as responsible for the proteotoxicity associated with different neurodegenerative disorders. Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain such toxicity, including the sequestration of key proteins and the overload of the protein quality control system. Here, we review different aspects of the involvement of amyloid-forming proteins in disease, mechanisms of toxicity, structural features, and biological functions of amyloids, as well as the cellular mechanisms that modulate and regulate protein aggregation, including the presence of enhancers and suppressors of aggregation, and how aging impacts the functioning of these mechanisms, with special attention to the molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Stroo
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mandy Koopman
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ellen A A Nollen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Mata-Cabana
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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308
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Nakajima H, Itakura M, Kubo T, Kaneshige A, Harada N, Izawa T, Azuma YT, Kuwamura M, Yamaji R, Takeuchi T. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) Aggregation Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction during Oxidative Stress-induced Cell Death. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4727-4742. [PMID: 28167533 PMCID: PMC5377786 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.759084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a multifunctional protein that also mediates cell death under oxidative stress. We reported previously that the active-site cysteine (Cys-152) of GAPDH plays an essential role in oxidative stress-induced aggregation of GAPDH associated with cell death, and a C152A-GAPDH mutant rescues nitric oxide (NO)-induced cell death by interfering with the aggregation of wild type (WT)-GAPDH. However, the detailed mechanism underlying GAPDH aggregate-induced cell death remains elusive. Here we report that NO-induced GAPDH aggregation specifically causes mitochondrial dysfunction. First, we observed a correlation between NO-induced GAPDH aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction, when GAPDH aggregation occurred at mitochondria in SH-SY5Y cells. In isolated mitochondria, aggregates of WT-GAPDH directly induced mitochondrial swelling and depolarization, whereas mixtures containing aggregates of C152A-GAPDH reduced mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, treatment with cyclosporin A improved WT-GAPDH aggregate-induced swelling and depolarization. In doxycycline-inducible SH-SY5Y cells, overexpression of WT-GAPDH augmented NO-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial GAPDH aggregation, whereas induced overexpression of C152A-GAPDH significantly suppressed mitochondrial impairment. Further, NO-induced cytochrome c release into the cytosol and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria were both augmented in cells overexpressing WT-GAPDH but ameliorated in C152A-GAPDH-overexpressing cells. Interestingly, GAPDH aggregates induced necrotic cell death via a permeability transition pore (PTP) opening. The expression of either WT- or C152A-GAPDH did not affect other cell death pathways associated with protein aggregation, such as proteasome inhibition, gene expression induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress, or autophagy. Collectively, these results suggest that NO-induced GAPDH aggregation specifically induces mitochondrial dysfunction via PTP opening, leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takeya Kubo
- From the Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology
| | | | | | - Takeshi Izawa
- the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka 5988531, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka 5988531, Japan
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309
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The Proline/Arginine Dipeptide from Hexanucleotide Repeat Expanded C9ORF72 Inhibits the Proteasome. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0249-16. [PMID: 28197542 PMCID: PMC5282547 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0249-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) mutation in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common cause of familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and is found in ∼7% of individuals with apparently sporadic disease. Several different diamino acid peptides can be generated from the HRE by noncanonical translation (repeat-associated non-ATG translation, or RAN translation), and some of these peptides can be toxic. Here, we studied the effects of two arginine containing RAN translation products [proline/arginine repeated 20 times (PR20) and glycine/arginine repeated 20 times (GR20)] in primary rat spinal cord neuron cultures grown on an astrocyte feeder layer. We find that PR20 kills motor neurons with an LD50 of 2 µM, but in contrast to the effects of other ALS-causing mutant proteins (i.e., SOD or TDP43), PR20 does not evoke the biochemical signature of mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, or mTORC down-regulation. PR20 does result in a time-dependent build-up of ubiquitylated substrates, and this is associated with a reduction of flux through both autophagic and proteasomal degradation pathways. GR20, however, does not have these effects. The effects of PR20 on the proteasome are likely to be direct because (1) PR20 physically associates with proteasomes in biochemical assays, and (2) PR20 inhibits the degradation of a ubiquitylated test substrate when presented to purified proteasomes. Application of a proteasomal activator (IU1) blocks the toxic effects of PR20 on motor neuron survival. This work suggests that proteasomal activators have therapeutic potential in individuals with C9ORF72 HRE.
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310
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Abstract
Disruption of protein quality control can be detrimental, having toxic effects on single cell organisms and contributing to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's in humans. Here, we examined the effects of polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation in a major fungal pathogen of humans, Candida albicans, with the goal of identifying new approaches to disable this fungus. However, we discovered that expression of polyQ stretches up to 230Q had no effect on C. albicans ability to grow and withstand proteotoxic stress. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrates that C. albicans has a similarly glutamine-rich proteome to the unicellular fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which exhibits polyQ toxicity with as few as 72Q. Surprisingly, global transcriptional profiles indicated no significant change upon induction of up to 230Q. Proteomic analysis highlighted two key interactors of 230Q, Sis1 and Sgt2; however, loss of either protein had no additional effect on C. albicans toxicity. Our data suggest that C. albicans has evolved powerful mechanisms to overcome the toxicity associated with aggregation-prone proteins, providing a unique model for studying polyQ-associated diseases.
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311
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Lee NK, Park SE, Kwon SJ, Shim S, Byeon Y, Kim JH, Na DL, Chang JW. Agouti Related Peptide Secreted Via Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Upregulates Proteasome Activity in an Alzheimer's Disease Model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39340. [PMID: 28051110 PMCID: PMC5209736 DOI: 10.1038/srep39340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is downregulated in aggregation diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which is secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in terms of its effect on the regulation of proteasome activity in AD. When SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were co-cultured with MSCs isolated from human Wharton’s Jelly (WJ-MSC), their proteasome activity was significantly upregulated. Further analysis of the conditioned media after co-culture allowed us to identify significant concentrations of a neuropeptide, called AgRP. The stereotactic delivery of either WJ-MSCs or AgRP into the hippocampi of C57BL6/J and 5XFAD mice induced a significant increase of proteasome activity and suppressed the accumulation of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins. Collectively, these findings suggest strong therapeutic potential for WJ-MSCs and AgRP to enhance proteasome activity, thereby potentially reducing abnormal protein aggregation and delaying the clinical progression of various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Kyung Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eon Park
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kwon
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Shim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Byeon
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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312
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Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a disease that occurs when the brain is subjected to hypoxia, resulting in neuronal death and neurological deficits, with a poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying hypoxic-ischemic brain injury include excitatory amino acid release, cellular proteolysis, reactive oxygen species generation, nitric oxide synthesis, and inflammation. The molecular and cellular changes in HIE include protein misfolding, aggregation, and destruction of organelles. The apoptotic pathways activated by ischemia and hypoxia include the mitochondrial pathway, the extrinsic Fas receptor pathway, and the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pathway. Numerous treatments for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury caused by HIE have been developed over the last half century. Hypothermia, xenon gas treatment, the use of melatonin and erythropoietin, and hypoxic-ischemic preconditioning have proven effective in HIE patients. Molecular chaperones are proteins ubiquitously present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. A large number of molecular chaperones are induced after brain ischemia and hypoxia, among which the heat shock proteins are the most important. Heat shock proteins not only maintain protein homeostasis; they also exert anti-apoptotic effects. Heat shock proteins maintain protein homeostasis by helping to transport proteins to their target destinations, assisting in the proper folding of newly synthesized polypeptides, regulating the degradation of misfolded proteins, inhibiting the aggregation of proteins, and by controlling the refolding of misfolded proteins. In addition, heat shock proteins exert anti-apoptotic effects by interacting with various signaling pathways to block the activation of downstream effectors in numerous apoptotic pathways, including the intrinsic pathway, the endoplasmic reticulum-stress mediated pathway and the extrinsic Fas receptor pathway. Molecular chaperones play a key role in neuroprotection in HIE. In this review, we provide an overview of the mechanisms of HIE and discuss the various treatment strategies. Given their critical role in the disease, molecular chaperones are promising therapeutic targets for HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wei-Na Ju
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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313
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Cabral-Miranda F, Hetz C. ER Stress and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Cause or Effect Relationship? Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2017; 414:131-157. [PMID: 28864830 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of protein aggregates has a fundamental role in the patophysiology of distinct neurodegenerative diseases. This phenomenon may have a common origin, where disruption of intracellular mechanisms related to protein homeostasis (here termed proteostasis) control during aging may result in abnormal protein aggregation. The unfolded protein response (UPR) embodies a major element of the proteostasis network triggered by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Chronic ER stress may operate as possible mechanism of neurodegenerative and synaptic dysfunction, and in addition contribute to the abnormal aggregation of key disease-related proteins. In this article we overview the most recent findings suggesting a causal role of ER stress in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Cabral-Miranda
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile. .,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA. .,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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314
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Gao J, Li M, Qin S, Zhang T, Jiang S, Hu Y, Deng Y, Zhang C, You D, Li H, Mu D, Zhang Z, Jiang C. Cytosolic PINK1 promotes the targeting of ubiquitinated proteins to the aggresome-autophagy pathway during proteasomal stress. Autophagy 2016; 12:632-47. [PMID: 27050454 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1147667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During proteasomal stress, cells can alleviate the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins by targeting them to perinuclear aggresomes for autophagic degradation, but the mechanism underlying the activation of this compensatory pathway remains unclear. Here we report that PINK1-s, a short form of Parkinson disease (PD)-related protein kinase PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1), is a major regulator of aggresome formation. PINK1-s is extremely unstable due to its recognition by the N-end rule pathway, and tends to accumulate in the cytosol during proteasomal stress. Overexpression of PINK1-s induces aggresome formation in cells with normal proteasomal activities, while loss of PINK1-s function leads to a significant decrease in the efficiency of aggresome formation induced by proteasomal inhibition. PINK1-s exerts its effect through phosphorylation of the ubiquitin-binding protein SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1) and increasing its ability to sequester polyubiquitinated proteins into aggresomes. These findings pinpoint PINK1-s as a sensor of proteasomal activities that transduces the proteasomal impairment signal to the aggresome formation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Gao
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,c Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , Guangdong , China
| | - Mengen Li
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Siyue Qin
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Ting Zhang
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Sicong Jiang
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Yuan Hu
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Yongkang Deng
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Chenliang Zhang
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Dujuan You
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Hongchang Li
- c Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , Guangdong , China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- e State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Changan Jiang
- a Department of Pediatrics , West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,b Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China.,c Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , Guangdong , China.,d State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
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315
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Götzl JK, Lang CM, Haass C, Capell A. Impaired protein degradation in FTLD and related disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 32:122-139. [PMID: 27166223 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Impaired protein degradation has been discussed as a cause or consequence of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. More recently, evidence accumulated that dysfunctional protein degradation may play a role in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Since in almost all neurodegenerative diseases, protein aggregates are disease-defining hallmarks, it is most likely that impaired protein degradation contributes to disease onset and progression. In the majority of FTD cases, the pathological protein aggregates contain either microtubuleassociated protein tau or TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43. Aggregates are also positive for ubiquitin and p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) indicating that these aggregates are targeted for degradation. FTD-linked mutations in genes encoding three autophagy adaptor proteins, p62/SQSTM1, ubiquilin 2 and optineurin, indicate that impaired autophagy might cause FTD. Furthermore, the strongest evidence for lysosomal impairment in FTD is provided by the progranulin (GRN) gene, which is linked to FTD and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. In this review, we summarize the observations that have been made during the last years linking the accumulation of disease-associated proteins in FTD to impaired protein degradation pathways. In addition, we take resent findings for nucleocytoplasmic transport defects of TDP-43, as discussed for hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9orf72 into account and provide a hypothesis how the interplay of altered nuclear transport and protein degradation leads to the accumulation of protein deposits.
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316
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Vicente Miranda H, Gomes MA, Branco-Santos J, Breda C, Lázaro DF, Lopes LV, Herrera F, Giorgini F, Outeiro TF. Glycation potentiates neurodegeneration in models of Huntington's disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36798. [PMID: 27857176 PMCID: PMC5114697 DOI: 10.1038/srep36798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is an age-dependent posttranslational modification associated with several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. By modifying amino-groups, glycation interferes with folding of proteins, increasing their aggregation potential. Here, we studied the effect of pharmacological and genetic manipulation of glycation on huntingtin (HTT), the causative protein in Huntington’s disease (HD). We observed that glycation increased the aggregation of mutant HTT exon 1 fragments associated with HD (HTT72Q and HTT103Q) in yeast and mammalian cell models. We found that glycation impairs HTT clearance thereby promoting its intracellular accumulation and aggregation. Interestingly, under these conditions autophagy increased and the levels of mutant HTT released to the culture medium decreased. Furthermore, increased glycation enhanced HTT toxicity in human cells and neurodegeneration in fruit flies, impairing eclosion and decreasing life span. Overall, our study provides evidence that glycation modulates HTT exon-1 aggregation and toxicity, and suggests it may constitute a novel target for therapeutic intervention in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Vicente Miranda
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcos António Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Branco-Santos
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Estação Agronomica Nacional, Av. da República, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Carlo Breda
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Diana F Lázaro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luísa Vaqueiro Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Federico Herrera
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Estação Agronomica Nacional, Av. da República, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Flaviano Giorgini
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
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317
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Jin P, Wei P, Zhang Y, Lin J, Sha R, Hu Y, Zhang J, Zhou W, Yao H, Ren L, Yang JY, Liu Y, Wen L. Autophagy-mediated clearance of ubiquitinated mutant huntingtin by graphene oxide. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18740-18750. [PMID: 27790650 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07255k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many of the neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease (HD) are caused by the accumulation of intracytoplasmic aggregate-prone proteins. These toxic protein aggregates are mainly degraded by autophagy, thus elevating the autophagy level to enhance the degradation of these proteins representing an emerging viable approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In this report we showed that graphene oxide (GO), an engineered nanomaterial with enormous potential in biomedical applications, effectively enhanced the clearance of mutant huntingtin (Htt), the aggregate-prone protein underlying the pathogenesis of HD. This enhancing effect of GO was autophagy-mediated, as blocking autophagy by chemical inhibitors at either the autophagosome formation stage or the autophagosome-lysosome fusion stage, or more specifically by knocking-down an essential autophagy gene, led to a significant reduction in the ability of GO to elicit Htt degradation. Interestingly, the autophagy induced by GO had the normal capacity to degrade its cargo including LC3-II and Htt, but not p62/SQSTM1 (p62), and was dependent on the activation of class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) and MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways, without mTOR involvement. GO also increased ubiquitination of Htt, an event necessary for Htt's clearance. Furthermore, ubiquitinated huntingtin protein preferentially binds to GO, and abundant GO was found in autophagosomes and autolysosomes, thus raising the possibility that GO may directly deliver the bound protein to autophagosomes for degradation. Our results revealed a novel biological function of GO and may have implications for developing nanomaterial-based therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Jin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Pengfei Wei
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Jun Lin
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Rui Sha
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Yi Hu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Han Yao
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China.
| | - James Y Yang
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanchun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Energy-Efficient Functional Ceramics and Applied Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Redsun Gas Applications Co., LTD, Guangzhou 510435, China
| | - Longping Wen
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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318
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Valdés A, García-Cañas V, Artemenko KA, Simó C, Bergquist J, Cifuentes A. Nano-liquid Chromatography-orbitrap MS-based Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Differences Between the Mechanisms of Action of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Colon Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 16:8-22. [PMID: 27834734 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.061481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosic acid (CA) and carnosol (CS) are two structurally related diterpenes present in rosemary herb (Rosmarinus officinalis). Although several studies have demonstrated that both diterpenes can scavenge free radicals and interfere in cellular processes such as cell proliferation, they may not necessarily exert the same effects at the molecular level. In this work, a shotgun proteomics study based on stable isotope dimethyl labeling (DML) and nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) has been performed to identify the relative changes in proteins and to gain some light on the specific molecular targets and mechanisms of action of CA and CS in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Protein profiles revealed that CA and CS induce different Nrf2-mediated response. Furthermore, examination of our data revealed that each diterpene affects protein homeostasis by different mechanisms. CA treatment induces the expression of proteins involved in the unfolded protein response in a concentration dependent manner reflecting ER stress, whereas CS directly inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. In conclusion, the unbiased proteomics-wide method applied in the present study has demonstrated to be a powerful tool to reveal differences on the mechanisms of action of two related bioactive compounds in the same biological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia García-Cañas
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Konstantin A Artemenko
- §Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carolina Simó
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- §Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry-BMC and SciLifeLab, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- From the ‡Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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319
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Sareen-Khanna K, Papillon J, Wing SS, Cybulsky AV. Role of the deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease-14 in proteostasis in renal cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1035-F1046. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00252.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney cell injury may be associated with protein misfolding and induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Examples include complement-induced glomerular epithelial cell (GEC)/podocyte injury in membranous nephropathy and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Renal cell injury can also result from mutations in integral proteins, which lead to their misfolding and accumulation. Certain nephrin missense mutants misfold, accumulate in the ER, and induce ER stress. We examined if enhancement of ubiquitin-proteasome system function may facilitate proteostasis and confer protection against injury. Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (Usp14) is reported to retard proteasomal protein degradation. Thus inhibition of Usp14 may enhance degradation of misfolded proteins and attenuate cell injury. In GEC, the reporter proteins GFPu (a “misfolded” protein) and CD3δ (an ER-associated degradation substrate) undergo time-dependent proteasomal degradation. Complement did not affect degradation of CD3δ-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), but accelerated degradation of GFPu, and the Usp14-directed inhibitor IU1 further accelerated this degradation. Conversely, overexpression of Usp14 reduced degradation of GFPu and CD3δ-YFP. In 293T cells, IU1 did not enhance degradation of disease-associated nephrin missense mutants I171N and S724C, whereas overexpression of Usp14 reduced degradation. IU1 was cytoprotective after injury induced by the ER stressor tunicamycin and in vitro ischemia-reperfusion, but did not affect complement-induced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, Usp14 controls proteasomal degradation of some misfolded proteins. In addition, a Usp14-directed inhibitor reduces cytotoxicity in the context of global protein misfolding during certain types of renal cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Sareen-Khanna
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joan Papillon
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon S. Wing
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrey V. Cybulsky
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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320
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Yu XJ, Zhao Q, Wang XB, Zhang JX, Wang XB. Gambogenic acid induces proteasomal degradation of CIP2A and sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to anticancer agents. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3611-3618. [PMID: 27779687 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in many human malignancies. It regulates phosphorylated AKT and stabilizes c‑Myc in cell proliferation and tumor formation, suggesting that CIP2A plays an essential role in the development of cancer. In the present study, we report that a natural compound, gambogenic acid (GEA), induced the degradation of CIP2A via the ubiquitin‑proteasome pathway. Interestingly, the combination of GEA and proteasome inhibitors potentiated the accumulation of ubiquitinated CIP2A and aggresome formation. In addition, GEA exhibited an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and CIP2A‑downstream signaling molecules (c‑Myc and pAKT). Furthermore, GEA and CIP2A silencing enhanced the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to anticancer agents, suggesting that a combination of a CIP2A inhibitor and anticancer agents could be a valuable clinical therapeutic strategy. These results indicate that GEA is a CIP2A inhibitor that interferes with the ubiquitination and destabilization of CIP2A, providing a promising strategy to enhance the combinational therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jun Yu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Bin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital and School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei 441300, P.R. China
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321
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de Diego-García L, Ramírez-Escudero M, Sebastián-Serrano Á, Diaz-Hernández JI, Pintor J, Lucas JJ, Díaz-Hernández M. Regulation of proteasome activity by P2Y 2 receptor underlies the neuroprotective effects of extracellular nucleotides. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:43-51. [PMID: 27768902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) is essential for the regulation of the cellular proteostasis. Indeed, it has been postulated that an UPS dysregulation is the common mechanism that underlies several neurological disorders. Considering that extracellular nucleotides, through their selective P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R), play a neuroprotective role in various neurological disorders that course with an UPS impairment, we wonder if this neuroprotective capacity resulted from their ability to modulate the UPS. Using a cellular model expressing two different UPS reporters, we found that the stimulation of P2Y2R by its selective agonist Up4U induced a significant reduction of UPS reporter levels. This reduction was due to an increase in two of the three peptidase proteasome activities, chymotrypsin and postglutamyl, caused by an increased expression of proteasome constitutive catalytic subunits β1 and β5. The intracellular signaling pathway involved required the activation of IP3/MEK1/2/ERK but was independent of PKC or PKA. Interestingly, the P2Y2R activation was able to revert both UPS-reporter accumulation and the cell death induced by a prolonged inhibition of UPS. Finally, we also observed that intracerebroventricular administration of Up4U induced a significant increase both of chymotrypsin and postglutamyl activities as well as an increased expression of proteasome subunits β1 and β5 in the hippocampus of wild-type mice, but not in P2Y2R KO mice. All these results strongly suggest that the capacity to modulate the UPS activity via P2Y2R is the molecular mechanism which is how the nucleotides play a neuroprotective role in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura de Diego-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Ramírez-Escudero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sebastián-Serrano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ignacio Diaz-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBM"SO"), CSIC/UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pintor
- Faculty of Optic and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Lucas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBM"SO"), CSIC/UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Miguel Díaz-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
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322
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Khanna MR, Kovalevich J, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ, Brunden KR. Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of tauopathies: Hopes and challenges. Alzheimers Dement 2016; 12:1051-1065. [PMID: 27751442 PMCID: PMC5116305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A group of neurodegenerative diseases referred to as tauopathies are characterized by the presence of brain cells harboring inclusions of pathological species of the tau protein. These disorders include Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration due to tau pathology, including progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and Pick's disease. Tau is normally a microtubule (MT)-associated protein that appears to play an important role in ensuring proper axonal transport, but in tauopathies tau becomes hyperphosphorylated and disengages from MTs, with consequent misfolding and deposition into inclusions that mainly affect neurons but also glia. A body of experimental evidence suggests that the development of tau inclusions leads to the neurodegeneration observed in tauopathies, and there is a growing interest in developing tau-directed therapeutic agents. The following review provides a summary of strategies under investigation for the potential treatment of tauopathies, highlighting both the promises and challenges associated with these various therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi R Khanna
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jane Kovalevich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kurt R Brunden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Institute on Aging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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323
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Kim YE, Hosp F, Frottin F, Ge H, Mann M, Hayer-Hartl M, Hartl FU. Soluble Oligomers of PolyQ-Expanded Huntingtin Target a Multiplicity of Key Cellular Factors. Mol Cell 2016; 63:951-64. [PMID: 27570076 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is one of several neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the aggregation of polyglutamine (polyQ)-expanded mutant protein. How polyQ aggregation leads to cellular dysfunction is not well understood. Here, we analyzed aberrant protein interactions of soluble oligomers and insoluble inclusions of mutant huntingtin using in-cell single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy and quantitative proteomics. We find that the interactome of soluble oligomers is highly complex, with an enrichment of RNA-binding proteins as well as proteins functioning in ribosome biogenesis, translation, transcription, and vesicle transport. The oligomers frequently target proteins containing extended low-complexity sequences, potentially interfering with key cellular pathways. In contrast, the insoluble inclusions are less interactive and associate strongly with protein quality control components, such as Hsp40 chaperones and factors of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Our results suggest a "multiple hit" model for the pathogenic effects of mutant huntingtin, with soluble forms engaging more extensively in detrimental interactions than insoluble aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin E Kim
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fabian Hosp
- Department of Proteomics & Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Frédéric Frottin
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hui Ge
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, No. 2 BoYun Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics & Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Manajit Hayer-Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82159 Martinsried, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstrasse 44, 80336 München, Germany.
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324
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Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Cellular mechanisms that recognize and degrade misfolded proteins may serve as potential therapeutic targets. To distinguish degradation of misfolding-prone proteins from other mechanisms that regulate their levels, one important method is to measure protein half-life in cells. However, this can be challenging because misfolding-prone proteins may exist in different forms, including the native form and misfolded forms of distinct characteristics. Here we describe assays to examine the half-life of misfolded proteins in mammalian cells using a highly aggregation-prone protein, Ataxin-1 with an extended polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch, and a conformationally unstable luciferase mutant as models. Cycloheximide chase is combined with cell fractionation to examine the turnover rate of misfolding-prone proteins in various cellular fractions. We further depict a fluorescence-based assay using an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)-fusion of the luciferase mutant, which can be adapted for high throughput screening on a microplate-reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine;
| | - Wil Prall
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine;
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325
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Vij N. Nano-based rescue of dysfunctional autophagy in chronic obstructive lung diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:483-489. [PMID: 27561233 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1223040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ΔF508-CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) is a common CF-mutation that is known to induce oxidative-inflammatory stress through activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces autophagy-impairment resulting in accumulation of CFTR in aggresome-bodies. Cysteamine, the reduced form of cystamine, is a FDA-approved drug that has anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and mucolytic properties. This drug has been shown in a recent clinical trial to decrease lung inflammation and improve lung function in CF patients by potentially restoring autophagy and allowing CFTR to be trafficked to the cell membrane. Areas covered: The delivery of cysteamine to airway epithelia of chronic subjects prerequisite the need for a delivery system to allow rescue of dysfunctional autophagy. Expert opinion: We anticipate based on our ongoing studies that PLGA-PEG- or Dendrimer-mediated cysteamine delivery could allow sustained airway delivery over standard cysteamine tablets or delay release capsules that are currently used for systemic treatment. In addition, proposed nano-based autophagy induction strategy can also allow rescue of cigarette smoke (CS) induced acquired-CFTR dysfunction seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema subjects. The CS induced acquired-CFTR dysfunction involves CFTR-accumulation in aggresome-bodies that can be rescued by an autophagy-inducing antioxidant drug, cysteamine. Moreover, chronic CS-exposure generates ROS that induces overall protein-misfolding and aggregation of ubiquitinated-proteins as aggresome-bodies via autophagy-impairment that can be also be resolved by treatment with autophagy-inducing antioxidant drug, cysteamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Vij
- a College of Medicine , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , MI , USA.,b Department of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences , The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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326
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Shen C, Wang Y, Wei P, Du X. BRCA1-associated protein 1 deficiency in lung adenocarcinoma predicts poor outcome and increased tumor invasion. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:670. [PMID: 27553041 PMCID: PMC4994180 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2670-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The major pathological type of non-small cell lung cancer is lung adenocarcinoma (LAC), which has a poor prognosis. BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) is a newly identified tumor suppressor that regulates a number of cellular functions in somatic malignancies. However, the impact of BAP1 expression in LAC has not been investigated. Methods A total of 112 cases of LAC and 101 cases of non-neoplastic lung diseases were included in this study. The study focused on BAP1 expression in lung tissues and its relationship to patients’ clinical and pathological features. BAP1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. A human LAC cell line NCI-H1299 was transfected with lipofectamine p3xFLAG-BAP1. BAP1 gene expression was silenced in another LAC cell line NCI-H1650, in order to test the inhibitory effect of BAP1 on cell migration and invasion, as well as cell cycle regulation. Results BAP1 expression showed a negative correlation with tumorigenesis of LAC (p <0.001) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.010). High expression of BAP1 predicted longer disease free survival (p = 0.040) and overall survival (p = 0.021) of LAC patients. In functional assays, BAP1 was found to inhibit the migration and invasion of LAC cells, and promoted their apoptosis and necrosis. Conclusions We identify BAP1 as a LAC precursor as well as a robust prognostic indicator in LAC patients. This study provides in vitro rationale for the further investigation of BAP1 in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiang Du
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong'an Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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327
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The life cycle of the 26S proteasome: from birth, through regulation and function, and onto its death. Cell Res 2016; 26:869-85. [PMID: 27444871 PMCID: PMC4973335 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome is a large, ∼2.5 MDa, multi-catalytic ATP-dependent protease complex that serves as the degrading arm of the ubiquitin system, which is the major pathway for regulated degradation of cytosolic, nuclear and membrane proteins in all eukaryotic organisms.
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328
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Zhao C, Chen X, Zang D, Lan X, Liao S, Yang C, Zhang P, Wu J, Li X, Liu N, Liao Y, Huang H, Shi X, Jiang L, Liu X, He Z, Wang X, Liu J. Platinum-containing compound platinum pyrithione is stronger and safer than cisplatin in cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 116:22-38. [PMID: 27381943 PMCID: PMC5287571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
DNA is the well-known molecular target of current platinum-based anticancer drugs; consequently, their clinical use is severely restricted by their systemic toxicities and drug resistance originating from non-selective DNA damage. Various strategies have been developed to circumvent the shortcomings of platinum-based chemotherapy but the inherent problem remains unsolved. Here we report that platinum pyrithione (PtPT), a chemically well-characterized synthetic complex of platinum, inhibits proteasome function and thereby exhibits greater and more selective cytotoxicity to multiple cancer cells than cisplatin, without showing discernible DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, unlike the classical proteasome inhibitor bortezomib/Velcade which inhibits the proteasome via blocking the peptidase activity of 20S proteasomes, PtPT primarily deactivates 26S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases USP14 and UCHL5. Furthermore, PtPT can selectively induce cytotoxicity and proteasome inhibition in cancer cells from leukemia patients but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy humans. In nude mice, PtPT also remarkably inhibited tumor xenograft growth, without showing the adverse effects that were induced by cisplatin. Hence, we have discovered a new platinum-based anti-tumor agent PtPT which targets 26S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases rather than DNA in the cell and thereby exerts safer and more potent anti-tumor effects, identifying a highly translatable new platinum-based anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Zang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoying Lan
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyan Liao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Changshan Yang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiquan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.,Guangzhou Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Yuning Liao
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianping Shi
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuhua Liu
- Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.,Key Lab of Natural Drug and Immune Engineering of Henan Province, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhimin He
- Cancer Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
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329
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Lee JG, Takahama S, Zhang G, Tomarev SI, Ye Y. Unconventional secretion of misfolded proteins promotes adaptation to proteasome dysfunction in mammalian cells. Nat Cell Biol 2016; 18:765-76. [PMID: 27295555 PMCID: PMC10701763 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To safeguard proteomic integrity, cells rely on the proteasome to degrade aberrant polypeptides, but it is unclear how cells remove defective proteins that have escaped degradation owing to proteasome insufficiency or dysfunction. Here we report a pathway termed misfolding-associated protein secretion, which uses the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated deubiquitylase USP19 to preferentially export aberrant cytosolic proteins. Intriguingly, the catalytic domain of USP19 possesses an unprecedented chaperone activity, allowing recruitment of misfolded proteins to the ER surface for deubiquitylation. Deubiquitylated cargos are encapsulated into ER-associated late endosomes and secreted to the cell exterior. USP19-deficient cells cannot efficiently secrete unwanted proteins, and grow more slowly than wild-type cells following exposure to a proteasome inhibitor. Together, our findings delineate a protein quality control (PQC) pathway that, unlike degradation-based PQC mechanisms, promotes protein homeostasis by exporting misfolded proteins through an unconventional protein secretion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Gu Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Shokichi Takahama
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell & Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Present address: Matsushita Project Laboratory, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stanislav I. Tomarev
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell & Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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330
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Valera AG, Díaz-Hernández M, Hernández F, Ortega Z, Lucas JJ. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Huntington’s Disease. Neuroscientist 2016; 11:583-94. [PMID: 16282599 DOI: 10.1177/1073858405280639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main histopathological feature of Huntington’s disease (HD) is the presence of protein aggregates that are gathered into inclusion bodies. So far the mechanisms that lead to inclusion formation as well as their role in the pathogenesis of HD are not totally understood. However, it is well established that inclusion bodies contain components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Accordingly, it has been postulated that impairment of this machinery can be one of the causes of this disorder. In this review, the authors summarize the state of current knowledge about this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Valera
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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331
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Gvozdeva OV, Prassolov VS, Zenkova MA, Vlassov VV, Chernolovskaya EL. Silencing of Inducible Immunoproteasome Subunit Expression by Chemically Modified siRNA and shRNA. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 35:389-403. [PMID: 27351110 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2016.1184275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of inducible subunits of immunoproteasome is related to pathogenesis of some chronic diseases. Specific inhibition of the immunosubunits may be used for the treatment of these diseases and RNA interference is one of the potent methods used in this area. We designed 2'-O-methyl modified siRNAs with selectively protected nuclease-sensitive sites, which efficiently silence LMP2, LMP7, and MECL-1 genes expression. To provide stable long-lasting inhibition of target genes, short-hairpin RNAs (shRNA) expressed by lentiviral vectors were constructed. Our results demonstrated that chemically modified siRNAs inhibited the expression of target genes with similar efficiency or with efficiency exceeding that of corresponding shRNAs and provide silencing effect for 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Gvozdeva
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk , Russia
| | | | - Marina A Zenkova
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk , Russia
| | - Valentin V Vlassov
- a Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS , Novosibirsk , Russia
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332
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Transcription Factor EB Is Selectively Reduced in the Nuclear Fractions of Alzheimer's and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Brains. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2016; 2016:4732837. [PMID: 27433468 PMCID: PMC4940567 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4732837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies suggest that autophagy is strongly dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as evidenced by accumulation of numerous autophagosomes, lysosomes with discontinuous membranes, and aggregated proteins in the patients' brains. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) was recently discovered to be a master regulator of lysosome biogenesis and autophagy. To examine whether aberrant autophagy in AD and ALS is due to alterations in TFEB expression, we systematically quantified the levels of TFEB in these brains by immunoblotting. Interestingly, cytoplasmic fractions of AD brains showed increased levels of normalized (to tubulin) TFEB only at Braak stage IV (61%, p < 0.01). Most importantly, normalized (to lamin) TFEB levels in the nuclear fractions were consistently reduced starting from Braak stage IV (52%, p < 0.01), stage V (67%, p < 0.01), and stage VI (85%, p < 0.01) when compared to normal control (NC) brains. In the ALS brains also, nuclear TFEB levels were reduced by 62% (p < 0.001). These data suggest that nuclear TFEB is selectively lost in ALS as well as AD brains, in which TFEB reduction was Braak-stage-dependent. Taken together, the observed reductions in TFEB protein levels may be responsible for the widely reported autophagy defects in these disorders.
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333
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Bott LC, Salomons FA, Maric D, Liu Y, Merry D, Fischbeck KH, Dantuma NP. The polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptor responsible for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy inhibits the APC/C(Cdh1) ubiquitin ligase complex. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27703. [PMID: 27312068 PMCID: PMC4911547 DOI: 10.1038/srep27703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), an X-linked neuromuscular disease that is fully manifest only in males. It has been suggested that proteins with expanded polyglutamine tracts impair ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis due to their propensity to aggregate, but recent studies indicate that the overall activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is preserved in SBMA models. Here we report that AR selectively interferes with the function of the ubiquitin ligase anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), which, together with its substrate adaptor Cdh1, is critical for cell cycle arrest and neuronal architecture. We show that both wild-type and mutant AR physically interact with the APC/CCdh1 complex in a ligand-dependent fashion without being targeted for proteasomal degradation. Inhibition of APC/CCdh1 by mutant but not wild-type AR in PC12 cells results in enhanced neurite outgrowth which is typically followed by rapid neurite retraction and mitotic entry. Our data indicate a role of AR in neuronal differentiation through regulation of APC/CCdh1 and suggest abnormal cell cycle reactivation as a pathogenic mechanism in SBMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Bott
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neurogenetics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Florian A Salomons
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Diane Merry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Kenneth H Fischbeck
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Neurogenetics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nico P Dantuma
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
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334
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Abstract
The control of proteasome-mediated protein degradation is thought to occur mainly at the level of polyubiquitylation of the substrate. However, the proteasome can also be regulated directly, as now demonstrated by a study in which DYRK2-mediated phosphorylation of the 19S subunit Rpt3 is found to increase proteasome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Huibregtse
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Andreas Matouschek
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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335
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Abstract
Genetics is used as a tool to study living systems because of a key assumption that the phenotypes of loss-of-function mutations on a gene indicate the gene's normal/native functions. I propose that inactivation of a gene not only suppresses the gene's native functions but may also create spurious functions that cause phenotypes irrelevant to the gene's native functions. Such spurious functions represent the otherwise dormant physical/chemical potentials of a living system, do not follow the existing rules built by natural selection, and can hardly be integrated with other functions using empirical data. Thus, the rationale of using loss-of-function phenotypic data to understand a living system is challenged. Fortunately, spurious functions are expected to be evolutionarily unstable while native functions should be conserved, suggesting a means of separating them. I argue that current biology is confused by the undiscerned use of genetic data and suggest a solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionglei He
- The State Key Laboratory of Bio-control, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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336
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Vora SM, Phillips BT. The benefits of local depletion: The centrosome as a scaffold for ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2124-2134. [PMID: 27294844 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1196306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is the major microtubule-organizing center in animal cells but is dispensable for proper microtubule spindle formation in many biological contexts and is thus thought to fulfill additional functions. Recent observations suggest that the centrosome acts as a scaffold for proteasomal degradation in the cell to regulate a variety of biological processes including cell fate acquisition, cell cycle control, stress response, and cell morphogenesis. Here, we review the body of studies indicating a role for the centrosome in promoting proteasomal degradation of ubiquitin-proteasome substrates and explore the functional relevance of this system in different biological contexts. We discuss a potential role for the centrosome in coordinating local degradation of proteasomal substrates, allowing cells to achieve stringent spatiotemporal control over various signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setu M Vora
- a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Bryan T Phillips
- a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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337
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Comparison of mHTT Antibodies in Huntington's Disease Mouse Models Reveal Specific Binding Profiles and Steady-State Ubiquitin Levels with Disease Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155834. [PMID: 27196694 PMCID: PMC4873140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) cellular pathology is characterised by the aggregation of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein into inclusion bodies. The present paper compared the sensitivity of five widely used mHTT antibodies (S830; MW8; EM48; 1C2; ubiquitin) against mice from five commonly used HD mouse models (R6/1; YAC128; HdhQ92; B6 HdhQ150; B6 x129/Ola HdhQ150) at two ages to determine: the most sensitive antibodies for each model; whether mHTT antibody binding differed depending on aggregation stage (diffuse versus frank inclusion); the role of ubiquitin during aggregation as the ubiquitin proteosome system has been implicated in disease development. The models demonstrated unique profiles of antibody binding even when the models varied only by background strain (HdhQ150). MW8 was highly sensitive for detecting frank inclusions in all lines whereas EM48, ubiquitin and 1C2 demonstrated consistent staining in all models irrespective of age or form of mHTT. MW8 and S830 were the most sensitive antibodies with 1C2 the least. Ubiquitin levels were stable for each model regardless of age. Ubiquitin was particularly sensitive in young YAC128 mice that demonstrate an absence of inclusions until ~12 months of age suggesting high affinity to mHTT in its diffuse form. The data indicate that generalisations across models regarding the quantification of aggregations may not be valid and that mHTT antibody binding is unique to the mouse model and sensitive to changes in inclusion development.
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338
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Zhang L, Hapon MB, Goyeneche AA, Srinivasan R, Gamarra-Luques CD, Callegari EA, Drappeau DD, Terpstra EJ, Pan B, Knapp JR, Chien J, Wang X, Eyster KM, Telleria CM. Mifepristone increases mRNA translation rate, triggers the unfolded protein response, increases autophagic flux, and kills ovarian cancer cells in combination with proteasome or lysosome inhibitors. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1099-117. [PMID: 27233943 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthetic steroid mifepristone blocks the growth of ovarian cancer cells, yet the mechanism driving such effect is not entirely understood. Unbiased genomic and proteomic screenings using ovarian cancer cell lines of different genetic backgrounds and sensitivities to platinum led to the identification of two key genes upregulated by mifepristone and involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR): the master chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), glucose regulated protein (GRP) of 78 kDa, and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous transcription factor (CHOP). GRP78 and CHOP were upregulated by mifepristone in ovarian cancer cells regardless of p53 status and platinum sensitivity. Further studies revealed that the three UPR-associated pathways, PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6, were activated by mifepristone. Also, the synthetic steroid acutely increased mRNA translation rate, which, if prevented, abrogated the splicing of XBP1 mRNA, a non-translatable readout of IRE1α activation. Moreover, mifepristone increased LC3-II levels due to increased autophagic flux. When the autophagic-lysosomal pathway was inhibited with chloroquine, mifepristone was lethal to the cells. Lastly, doses of proteasome inhibitors that are inadequate to block the activity of the proteasomes, caused cell death when combined with mifepristone; this phenotype was accompanied by accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins denoting proteasome inhibition. The stimulation by mifepristone of ER stress and autophagic flux offers a therapeutic opportunity for utilizing this compound to sensitize ovarian cancer cells to proteasome or lysosome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Maria B Hapon
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Alicia A Goyeneche
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Rekha Srinivasan
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Carlos D Gamarra-Luques
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Eduardo A Callegari
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Donis D Drappeau
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Erin J Terpstra
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Bo Pan
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Jennifer R Knapp
- Kansas Intellectual and Development Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jeremy Chien
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Kathleen M Eyster
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Carlos M Telleria
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
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339
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Gendron JM, Webb K, Yang B, Rising L, Zuzow N, Bennett EJ. Using the Ubiquitin-modified Proteome to Monitor Distinct and Spatially Restricted Protein Homeostasis Dysfunction. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2576-93. [PMID: 27185884 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.058420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis dysfunction has been implicated in the development and progression of aging related human pathologies. There is a need for the establishment of quantitative methods to evaluate global protein homoeostasis function. As the ubiquitin (ub) proteasome system plays a key role in regulating protein homeostasis, we applied quantitative proteomic methods to evaluate the sensitivity of site-specific ubiquitylation events as markers for protein homeostasis dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that the ub-modified proteome can exceed the sensitivity of engineered fluorescent reporters as a marker for proteasome dysfunction and can provide unique signatures for distinct proteome challenges which is not possible with engineered reporters. We demonstrate that combining ub-proteomics with subcellular fractionation can effectively separate degradative and regulatory ubiquitylation events on distinct protein populations. Using a recently developed potent inhibitor of the critical protein homeostasis factor p97/VCP, we demonstrate that distinct insults to protein homeostasis function can elicit robust and largely unique alterations to the ub-modified proteome. Taken together, we demonstrate that proteomic approaches to monitor the ub-modified proteome can be used to evaluate global protein homeostasis and can be used to monitor distinct functional outcomes for spatially separated protein populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Gendron
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kristofor Webb
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Bing Yang
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lisa Rising
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nathan Zuzow
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Eric J Bennett
- From the ‡Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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340
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Fang F, Peng T, Yang S, Wang W, Zhang Y, Li H. Lycium barbarum
polysaccharide attenuates the cytotoxicity of mutant huntingtin and increases the activity of AKT. Int J Dev Neurosci 2016; 52:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Peng
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
- Institute for Brain SciencesTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
| | - Weixi Wang
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
| | - Yinong Zhang
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
| | - He Li
- Division of Histology and EmbryologyDepartment of AnatomyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
- Institute for Brain SciencesTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030People's Republic of China
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341
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Nakayama H, Nishida K, Otsu K. Macromolecular Degradation Systems and Cardiovascular Aging. Circ Res 2016; 118:1577-92. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging-related cardiovascular diseases are a rapidly increasing problem worldwide. Cardiac aging demonstrates progressive decline of diastolic dysfunction of ventricle and increase in ventricular and arterial stiffness accompanied by increased fibrosis stimulated by angiotensin II and proinflammatory cytokines. Reactive oxygen species and multiple signaling pathways on cellular senescence play major roles in the process. Aging is also associated with an alteration in steady state of macromolecular dynamics including a dysfunction of protein synthesis and degradation. Currently, impaired macromolecular degradation is considered to be closely related to enhanced inflammation and be involved in the process and mechanism of cardiac aging. Herein, we review the role and mechanisms of the degradation system of intracellular macromolecules in the process and pathophysiology of cardiovascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakayama
- From the Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan (H.N.); and Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom (K.N., K.O.)
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- From the Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan (H.N.); and Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom (K.N., K.O.)
| | - Kinya Otsu
- From the Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan (H.N.); and Cardiovascular Division, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, United Kingdom (K.N., K.O.)
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342
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Gragg M, Kim TG, Howell S, Park PSH. Wild-type opsin does not aggregate with a misfolded opsin mutant. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:1850-9. [PMID: 27117643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Gragg
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tae Gyun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Scott Howell
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - P S-H Park
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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343
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Lin L, Jin Z, Tan H, Xu Q, Peng T, Li H. Atypical ubiquitination by E3 ligase WWP1 inhibits the proteasome-mediated degradation of mutant huntingtin. Brain Res 2016; 1643:103-12. [PMID: 27107943 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by the expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats in exon 1 of HD gene encoding huntingtin (Htt), which is characterized by aggregation and formation of mutant Htt containing expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats. Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of HD. As the linkage mediator between ubiquitin and specific target proteins, E3 ubiquitin ligases have been suggested to be involved in mHtt degradation and HD pathology. However, the potential involvement of the E3 ligase WWP1 in HD has not been explored. The present study determined whether WWP1 is involved in the development of HD in both in vivo and in vitro models. The results showed that in contrast to several other E3 ligases, expression of WWP1 is enhanced in mice and N2a cells expressing mutant Htt (160Q) and co-localized with mHtt protein aggregates. In addition, expression of WWP1 positively regulates mutan Htt levels, aggregate formation, and cell toxicity. Further analysis revealed that WWP1 ubiquitinated mHtt at an atypical position of Lys-63, which may have inhibited degradation of mutant Htt through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In conclusion, these results suggested that the E3 ligase WWP1 is involved in the pathogenesis of HD; therefore, it may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Jin
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Tan
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xu
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Peng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; (b)Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders of Education Ministry,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; (c)Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Li
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; (b)Key Laboratory for Neurological Disorders of Education Ministry,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China; (c)Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China.
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344
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Zhao T, Hong Y, Li XJ, Li SH. Subcellular Clearance and Accumulation of Huntington Disease Protein: A Mini-Review. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:27. [PMID: 27147961 PMCID: PMC4838617 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the N-terminal region of mutant huntingtin (mHtt). As a result, mHtt forms aggregates that are abundant in the nuclei and processes of neuronal cells. Although the roles of mHtt aggregates are still debated, the formation of aggregates points to deficient clearance of mHtt in brain cells. Since the accumulation of mHtt is a prerequisite for its neurotoxicity, exploring the mechanisms for mHtt accumulation and clearance would advance our understanding of HD pathogenesis and help us develop treatments for HD. We know that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy play important roles in clearing mHtt; however, how mHtt preferentially accumulates in neuronal nuclei and processes remains unclear. Studying the clearance of mHtt in neuronal cells is a challenge because neurons are morphologically and functionally polarized, which means the turnover of mHtt may be distinct in different cellular compartments. In this review, we discuss our current knowledge about the clearance and accumulation of mHtt and strategies examining mHtt clearance and accumulation in different subcellular regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yan Hong
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shi-Hua Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta, GA, USA
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345
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A novel nickel complex works as a proteasomal deubiquitinase inhibitor for cancer therapy. Oncogene 2016; 35:5916-5927. [PMID: 27086925 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Based on the central role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in the degradation of cellular proteins, proteasome inhibition has been considered an attractive approach for anticancer therapy. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) remove ubiquitin conjugates from diverse substrates; therefore, they are essential regulators of the UPS. DUB inhibitors, especially the inhibitors of proteasomal DUBs are becoming a research hotspot in targeted cancer therapy. Previous studies have shown that metal complexes, such as copper and zinc complexes, can induce cancer cell apoptosis through inhibiting UPS function. Moreover, we have found that copper pyrithione inhibits both 19S proteasome-associated DUBs and 20S proteasome activity with a mechanism distinct from that of the classical 20S proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. In the present study, we reveal that (i) nickel pyrithione complex (NiPT) potently inhibits the UPS via targeting the 19S proteasome-associated DUBs (UCHL5 and USP14), without effecting on the 20S proteasome; (ii) NiPT selectively induces proteasome inhibition and apoptosis in cultured tumor cells and cancer cells from acute myeloid leukemia human patients; and (iii) NiPT inhibits proteasome function and tumor growth in nude mice. This study, for the first time, uncovers a nickel complex as an effective inhibitor of the 19S proteasomal DUBs and suggests a potentially new strategy for cancer treatment.
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346
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Williams KL, Topp S, Yang S, Smith B, Fifita JA, Warraich ST, Zhang KY, Farrawell N, Vance C, Hu X, Chesi A, Leblond CS, Lee A, Rayner SL, Sundaramoorthy V, Dobson-Stone C, Molloy MP, van Blitterswijk M, Dickson DW, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Boeve BF, Murray ME, Pottier C, Don E, Winnick C, McCann EP, Hogan A, Daoud H, Levert A, Dion PA, Mitsui J, Ishiura H, Takahashi Y, Goto J, Kost J, Gellera C, Gkazi AS, Miller J, Stockton J, Brooks WS, Boundy K, Polak M, Muñoz-Blanco JL, Esteban-Pérez J, Rábano A, Hardiman O, Morrison KE, Ticozzi N, Silani V, de Belleroche J, Glass JD, Kwok JBJ, Guillemin GJ, Chung RS, Tsuji S, Brown RH, García-Redondo A, Rademakers R, Landers JE, Gitler AD, Rouleau GA, Cole NJ, Yerbury JJ, Atkin JD, Shaw CE, Nicholson GA, Blair IP. CCNF mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11253. [PMID: 27080313 PMCID: PMC4835537 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are overlapping, fatal neurodegenerative disorders in which the molecular and pathogenic basis remains poorly understood. Ubiquitinated protein aggregates, of which TDP-43 is a major component, are a characteristic pathological feature of most ALS and FTD patients. Here we use genome-wide linkage analysis in a large ALS/FTD kindred to identify a novel disease locus on chromosome 16p13.3. Whole-exome sequencing identified a CCNF missense mutation at this locus. Interrogation of international cohorts identified additional novel CCNF variants in familial and sporadic ALS and FTD. Enrichment of rare protein-altering CCNF variants was evident in a large sporadic ALS replication cohort. CCNF encodes cyclin F, a component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (SCF(Cyclin F)). Expression of mutant CCNF in neuronal cells caused abnormal ubiquitination and accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, including TDP-43 and a SCF(Cyclin F) substrate. This implicates common mechanisms, linked to protein homeostasis, underlying neuronal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Williams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Simon Topp
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Bradley Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jennifer A. Fifita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Sadaf T. Warraich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Katharine Y. Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Natalie Farrawell
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Caroline Vance
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Xun Hu
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Claire S. Leblond
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Pathology and Cellular Biology Department, Montreal University, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4 Québec, Canada
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Stephanie L. Rayner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Vinod Sundaramoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Carol Dobson-Stone
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mark P. Molloy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | | | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Ronald C. Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minneapolis 55905, USA
| | | | - Bradley F. Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minneapolis 55905, USA
| | - Melissa E. Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Cyril Pottier
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Emily Don
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Claire Winnick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Emily P. McCann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Alison Hogan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Hussein Daoud
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Pathology and Cellular Biology Department, Montreal University, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4 Québec, Canada
| | - Annie Levert
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Pathology and Cellular Biology Department, Montreal University, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4 Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick A. Dion
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Pathology and Cellular Biology Department, Montreal University, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4 Québec, Canada
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Medical Genome Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Medical Genome Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- Medical Genome Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Jun Goto
- Medical Genome Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Jason Kost
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico ‘Carlo Besta', 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Athina Soragia Gkazi
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jack Miller
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Joanne Stockton
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - William S. Brooks
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Karyn Boundy
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia 5011, Australia
| | - Meraida Polak
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - José Luis Muñoz-Blanco
- Unidad de ELA, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid, Sermas 28007, Spain
| | - Jesús Esteban-Pérez
- Unidad de ELA, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Sermas 28041, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER U-723), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Banco de Tejidos, Centro Alzheimer—Fundación Reina Sofia, Fundación CIEN, Madrid 28071, Spain
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, ‘Dino Ferrari' Center—Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, ‘Dino Ferrari' Center—Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacqueline de Belleroche
- Neurogenetics Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jonathan D. Glass
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - John B. J. Kwok
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Gilles J. Guillemin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Roger S. Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Medical Genome Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Alberto García-Redondo
- Unidad de ELA, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre de Madrid, Sermas 28041, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER U-723), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - John E. Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Aaron D. Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Guy A. Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H3A 2B4
- Pathology and Cellular Biology Department, Montreal University, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4 Québec, Canada
| | - Nicholas J. Cole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Justin J. Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Julie D. Atkin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Garth A. Nicholson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Hospital, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Ian P. Blair
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
- Northcott Neuroscience Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
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347
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French SW, Mendoza AS, Peng Y. The mechanisms of Mallory-Denk body formation are similar to the formation of aggresomes in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:426-33. [PMID: 27068270 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is a possibility that the aggresomes that form in the brain in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in the liver where aggresomes like Mallory-Denk Bodies (MDB) form, share mechanisms. MDBs can be prevented by feeding mice sadenosylmethionine (SAMe) or betaine. Possibly these proteins could prevent AD. We compared the literature on MDBs and AD pathogenesis, which include roles played by p62, ubiquitin UBB +1, HSPs70, 90, 104, FAT10, NEDD8, VCP/97, and the protein quality control mechanisms including the 26s proteasome, the IPOD and JUNQ and autophagosome pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - A S Mendoza
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
| | - Y Peng
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, United States
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348
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Ding Y, Adachi H, Katsuno M, Sahashi K, Kondo N, Iida M, Tohnai G, Nakatsuji H, Sobue G. BIIB021, a synthetic Hsp90 inhibitor, induces mutant ataxin-1 degradation through the activation of heat shock factor 1. Neuroscience 2016; 327:20-31. [PMID: 27058144 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in ataxin-1 (ATXN1). The pathological hallmarks of SCA1 are the loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and neurons in the brainstem and the presence of nuclear aggregates containing the polyQ-expanded ATXN1 protein. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors have been shown to reduce polyQ-induced toxicity. This study was designed to examine the therapeutic effects of BIIB021, a purine-scaffold Hsp90 inhibitor, on the protein homeostasis of polyQ-expanded mutant ATXN1 in a cell culture model of SCA1. Our results demonstrated that BIIB021 activated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and suppressed the abnormal accumulation of ATXN1 and its toxicity. The pharmacological degradation of mutant ATXN1 via activated HSF1 was dependent on both the proteasome and autophagy systems. These findings indicate that HSF1 is a key molecule in the regulation of the protein homeostasis of the polyQ-expanded mutant ATXN1 and that Hsp90 has potential as a novel therapeutic target in patients with SCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Adachi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sahashi
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naohide Kondo
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Madoka Iida
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Genki Tohnai
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakatsuji
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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349
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Xu G, Pattamatta A, Hildago R, Pace MC, Brown H, Borchelt DR. Vulnerability of newly synthesized proteins to proteostasis stress. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1892-901. [PMID: 27026526 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.176479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of the cell to produce, fold and degrade proteins relies on components of the proteostasis network. Multiple types of insults can impose a burden on this network, causing protein misfolding. Using thermal stress, a classic example of acute proteostatic stress, we demonstrate that ∼5-10% of the soluble cytosolic and nuclear proteome in human HEK293 cells is vulnerable to misfolding when proteostatic function is overwhelmed. Inhibiting new protein synthesis for 30 min prior to heat-shock dramatically reduced the amount of heat-stress induced polyubiquitylation, and reduced the misfolding of proteins identified as vulnerable to thermal stress. Following prior studies in C. elegans in which mutant huntingtin (Q103) expression was shown to cause the secondary misfolding of cytosolic proteins, we also demonstrate that mutant huntingtin causes similar 'secondary' misfolding in human cells. Similar to thermal stress, inhibiting new protein synthesis reduced the impact of mutant huntingtin on proteostatic function. These findings suggest that newly made proteins are vulnerable to misfolding when proteostasis is disrupted by insults such as thermal stress and mutant protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, SantaFe HealthCare Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amrutha Pattamatta
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ryan Hildago
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Michael C Pace
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hilda Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, SantaFe HealthCare Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - David R Borchelt
- Department of Neuroscience, SantaFe HealthCare Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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350
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Xiong D, Wang Y, You M. PARK2 gene and familial lung cancer: what is the link? Future Oncol 2016; 11:1707-10. [PMID: 26075437 DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donghai Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.,Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ming You
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.,Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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