351
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Imatinib prevents lung cancer metastasis by inhibiting M2-like polarization of macrophages. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:121-131. [PMID: 29730267 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been considered as a vital therapeutic target in cancer therapy due to their role in promoting tumor progression and metastasis, very few compounds have been identified to inhibit M2-like polarization of TAMs. Here, we showed that Imatinib significantly prevented macrophage M2-like polarization induced by IL-13 or IL-4 in vitro, as illustrated by reduced expression of cell surface marker CD206 and M2-like genes, including Arg1, Mgl2, Mrc1, CDH1, and CCL2. Further, the migration of lung cancer cells promoted by the conditioned medium from M2-like macrophages could be restrained by Imatinib. Mechanistically, Imatinib inhibited STAT6 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, resulting in the macrophage M2-like polarization arrest. Furthermore, Imatinib reduced the number of metastasis of Lewis lung cancer without affecting tumor growth. Both in tumor and lung tissues, the percentage of M2-like macrophages decreased after the administration of Imatinib for one week. Taken together, these data suggest that Imatinib is able to inhibit macrophage M2-like polarization, which plays a vital role in Imatinib suppressed metastasis of Lewis lung cancer.
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352
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Yang C, Lim W, Bae H, Bazer FW, Song G. C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 induces proliferation and prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4527-4541. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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353
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Guerriero JL. Macrophages: The Road Less Traveled, Changing Anticancer Therapy. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:472-489. [PMID: 29655673 PMCID: PMC5927840 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are present in all vertebrate tissues and have emerged as multifarious cells with complex roles in development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. Macrophages are a major constituent of the tumor microenvironment, where they either promote or inhibit tumorigenesis and metastasis depending on their state. Successful preclinical strategies to target macrophages for anticancer therapy are now being evaluated in the clinic and provide proof of concept that targeting macrophages may enhance current therapies; however, clinical success has been limited. This review discusses the promise of targeting macrophages for anticancer therapy, yet highlights how much is unknown regarding their ontogeny, regulation, and tissue-specific diversity. Further work might identify subsets of macrophages within different tissues, which could reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Guerriero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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354
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Chu Y, Wang Y, Peng W, Xu L, Liu M, Li J, Hu X, Li Y, Zuo J, Ye Y. STAT3 activation by IL-6 from adipose-derived stem cells promotes endometrial carcinoma proliferation and metastasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:626-631. [PMID: 29684351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer, and its incidence is increasing. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for endometrial cancer, and the mechanisms by which adipose tissue influences tumour development remain controversial. In this study, we examined the high IL-6 level in the ADSCs supernatant following treatment of endometrial cancer cell CM. Then, the activation of STAT3, a major tumourigenic IL-6 effector, was examined in ADSCs CM treated endometrial cancer cells. Conditioned ADSC medium was used to stimulate endometrial cancer cell growth in vitro. Similar to IL-6, ADSC-conditioned medium significantly promoted endometrial cancer growth and invasion. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated STAT3 inhibition in endometrial cancer cells decreased the ADSC-mediated promotion of cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, a subcutaneous nude mouse model of endometrial cancer was established to monitor the tumour-promoting effect of ADSCs. ADSC-conditioned medium promoted tumour growth, and STAT3 inhibition attenuated this effect. Based on these data, ADSCs promote endometrial cancer progression by the STAT3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meixin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxin Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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355
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Liu X, Jin G, Qian J, Yang H, Tang H, Meng X, Li Y. Digital gene expression profiling analysis and its application in the identification of genes associated with improved response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:82. [PMID: 29685151 PMCID: PMC5914024 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to screen sensitive biomarkers for the efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. METHODS In this study, Illumina digital gene expression sequencing technology was applied and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between patients presenting pathological complete response (pCR) and non-pathological complete response (NpCR) were identified. Further, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were then performed. The genes in significant enriched pathways were finally quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to confirm that they were differentially expressed. Additionally, GSE23988 from Gene Expression Omnibus database was used as the validation dataset to confirm the DEGs. RESULTS After removing the low-quality reads, 715 DEGs were finally detected. After mapping to KEGG pathways, 10 DEGs belonging to the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (HECTD3, PSMB10, UBD, UBE2C, and UBE2S) and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions (CCL2, CCR1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and IL2RG) were selected for further analysis. These 10 genes were finally quantified by qRT-PCR to confirm that they were differentially expressed (the log2 fold changes of selected genes were - 5.34, 7.81, 6.88, 5.74, 3.11, 19.58, 8.73, 8.88, 7.42, and 34.61 for HECTD3, PSMB10, UBD, UBE2C, UBE2S, CCL2, CCR1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and IL2RG, respectively). Moreover, 53 common genes were confirmed by the validation dataset, including downregulated UBE2C and UBE2S. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that these 10 genes belonging to these two pathways might be useful as sensitive biomarkers for the efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- Pathology Department, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 3110022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gan Jin
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiacheng Qian
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Building NO. 1, East of Banshan Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 3110022, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongchao Tang
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Building NO. 1, East of Banshan Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 3110022, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Building NO. 1, East of Banshan Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 3110022, Zhejiang Province, China.
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356
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Binnewies M, Roberts EW, Kersten K, Chan V, Fearon DF, Merad M, Coussens LM, Gabrilovich DI, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Hedrick CC, Vonderheide RH, Pittet MJ, Jain RK, Zou W, Howcroft TK, Woodhouse EC, Weinberg RA, Krummel MF. Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy. Nat Med 2018; 24:541-550. [PMID: 29686425 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3104] [Impact Index Per Article: 517.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The clinical successes in immunotherapy have been both astounding and at the same time unsatisfactory. Countless patients with varied tumor types have seen pronounced clinical response with immunotherapeutic intervention; however, many more patients have experienced minimal or no clinical benefit when provided the same treatment. As technology has advanced, so has the understanding of the complexity and diversity of the immune context of the tumor microenvironment and its influence on response to therapy. It has been possible to identify different subclasses of immune environment that have an influence on tumor initiation and response and therapy; by parsing the unique classes and subclasses of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) that exist within a patient's tumor, the ability to predict and guide immunotherapeutic responsiveness will improve, and new therapeutic targets will be revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Binnewies
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Edward W Roberts
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Kersten
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Chan
- UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Miriam Merad
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Catherine C Hedrick
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Vonderheide
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,UCSF Immunoprofiler Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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357
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Rezaeeyan H, Shirzad R, McKee TD, Saki N. Role of chemokines in metastatic niche: new insights along with a diagnostic and prognostic approach. APMIS 2018; 126:359-370. [PMID: 29676815 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are cytokines that are involved in the movement of leukocytes and the occurrence of immune responses. It has recently been noted that these cytokines play a role in the movement of cancer cells to different parts of the body and create a suitable environment [i.e. (pre) metastatic niche] for their growth and proliferation. We studied the role of chemokines in the metastasis of cancer cells, as well as their involvement in the proliferation and growth of these cells. Relevant literature was identified by a PubMed search (2005-2017) of English language papers using the terms 'chemokine,' 'metastasis niche,' and 'organotropism.' Based on the nature of cancer cells, the expression of chemokine receptors on these cells leads to metastasis to various organs, which ultimately causes changes in different signaling pathways. Finally, the targeting of chemokines on cancer cells could prevent the metastasis of cancer cells toward different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Rezaeeyan
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Shirzad
- WHO-Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Trevor D McKee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, STTARR Innovation Facility, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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358
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Sasaki S, Baba T, Muranaka H, Tanabe Y, Takahashi C, Matsugo S, Mukaida N. Involvement of Prokineticin 2-expressing Neutrophil Infiltration in 5-Fluorouracil-induced Aggravation of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Lung. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1515-1525. [PMID: 29643149 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy is used for human breast cancer patients, even after curative surgery of primary tumor, to prevent tumor recurrence primarily as a form of metastasis. However, anticancer drugs can accelerate metastasis in several mouse metastasis models. Hence, we examined the effects of postsurgical administration with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, on lung metastasis process, which developed after the resection of the primary tumor arising from the orthotopic injection of a mouse triple-negative breast cancer cell line, 4T1. Only 5-FU markedly increased the numbers and sizes of lung metastasis foci, with enhanced tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis as evidenced by increases in Ki67-positive cell numbers and CD31-positive areas, respectively. 5-FU-mediated augmented lung metastasis was associated with increases in intrapulmonary neutrophil numbers and expression of neutrophilic chemokines, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 in tumor cells, with few effects on intrapulmonary T-cell or macrophage numbers. 5-FU enhanced Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 expression in 4T1 cells in a NFκB-dependent manner. Moreover, the administration of a neutrophil-depleting antibody or a Cxcr2 antagonist, SB225002, significantly attenuated 5-FU-mediated enhanced lung metastasis with depressed neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, infiltrating neutrophils and 4T1 cells abundantly expressed prokineticin-2 (Prok2) and its receptor, Prokr1, respectively. Finally, the administration of 5-FU after the resection of the primary tumor failed to augment lung metastasis in the mice receiving Prokr1-deleted 4T1 cells. Collectively, 5-FU can enhance lung metastasis by inducing tumor cells to produce Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which induced the migration of neutrophils expressing Prok2 with a capacity to enhance 4T1 cell proliferation. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1515-25. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yamato Tanabe
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsugo
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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359
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Bhatia R, Kavanagh K, Stewart J, Moncur S, Serrano I, Cong D, Cubie HA, Haas JG, Busby-Earle C, Williams ARW, Howie SEM, Cuschieri K. Host chemokine signature as a biomarker for the detection of pre-cancerous cervical lesions. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18548-18558. [PMID: 29719625 PMCID: PMC5915092 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to distinguish which hrHPV infections predispose to significant disease is ever more pressing as a result of the increasing move to hrHPV testing for primary cervical screening. A risk-stratifier or “triage” of infection should ideally be objective and suitable for automation given the scale of screening. Results CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL8 and CXCL12 emerged as the strongest, candidate biomarkers to detect underlying disease [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+)]. For CIN2+, CCL2 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.722 with a specificity of 82%. A combined biomarker panel of six chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL8, and CXCL12 provides a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 67%. Conclusion The present work demonstrates that the levels of five chemokine-proteins are indicative of underlying disease. We demonstrate technical feasibility and promising clinical performance of a chemokine-based biomarker panel, equivalent to that of other triage options. Further assessment in longitudinal series is now warranted. Methods A panel of 31 chemokines were investigated for expression in routinely taken archived and prospective cervical liquid based cytology (LBC) samples using Human Chemokine Proteomic Array kit. Nine chemokines were further validated using Procartaplex assay on the Luminex platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Bhatia
- Human Papillomavirus Research Group, Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Kavanagh
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - June Stewart
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Moncur
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Itziar Serrano
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Duanduan Cong
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heather A Cubie
- Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Juergen G Haas
- Division of Infection and Pathway Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Busby-Earle
- Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair R W Williams
- Simpson Centre for Reproductive Health, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E M Howie
- Centre for Inflammation research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, NHS Lothian, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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360
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Guadagno E, Presta I, Maisano D, Donato A, Pirrone CK, Cardillo G, Corrado SD, Mignogna C, Mancuso T, Donato G, Del Basso De Caro M, Malara N. Role of Macrophages in Brain Tumor Growth and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041005. [PMID: 29584702 PMCID: PMC5979398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of macrophages in the growth and the progression of tumors has been extensively studied in recent years. A large body of data demonstrates that macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the growth and progression of brain tumors, such as gliomas, meningiomas, and medulloblastomas. The brain neoplasm cells have the ability to influence the polarization state of the tumor associated macrophages. In turn, innate immunity cells have a decisive role through regulation of the acquired immune response, but also through humoral cross-talking with cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Neoangiogenesis, which is an essential element in glial tumor progression, is even regulated by the tumor associated macrophages, whose activity is linked to other factors, such as hypoxia. In addition, macrophages play a decisive role in establishing the entry into the bloodstream of cancer cells. As is well known, the latter phenomenon is also present in brain tumors, even if they only rarely metastasize. Looking ahead in the future, we can imagine that characterizing the relationships between tumor and tumor associated macrophage, as well as the study of circulating tumor cells, could give us useful tools in prognostic evaluation and therapy. More generally, the study of innate immunity in brain tumors can boost the development of new forms of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Guadagno
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II"-via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ivan Presta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Domenico Maisano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annalidia Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Caterina Krizia Pirrone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Cardillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Simona Domenica Corrado
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Teresa Mancuso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Donato
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marialaura Del Basso De Caro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II"-via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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361
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Amaro A, Angelini G, Mirisola V, Esposito AI, Reverberi D, Matis S, Maffei M, Giaretti W, Viale M, Gangemi R, Emionite L, Astigiano S, Cilli M, Bachmeier BE, Killian PH, Albini A, Pfeffer U. A highly invasive subpopulation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells shows accelerated growth, differential chemoresistance, features of apocrine tumors and reduced tumorigenicity in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68803-68820. [PMID: 27626697 PMCID: PMC5356591 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of an invasive phenotype is a prerequisite for metastasization, yet it is not clear whether or to which extent the invasive phenotype is linked to other features characteristic of metastatic cells. We selected an invasive subpopulation from the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, performing repeated cycles of preparative assays of invasion through Matrigel covered membranes. The invasive sub-population of MDA-MB-231 cells exhibits stronger migratory capacity as compared to parental cells confirming the highly invasive potential of the selected cell line. Prolonged cultivation of these cells did not abolish the invasive phenotype. ArrayCGH, DNA index quantification and karyotype analyses confirmed a common genetic origin of the parental and invasive subpopulations and revealed discrete structural differences of the invasive subpopulation including increased ploidy and the absence of a characteristic amplification of chromosome 5p14.1-15.33. Gene expression analyses showed a drastically altered expression profile including features of apocrine breast cancers and of invasion related matrix-metalloproteases and cytokines. The invasive cells showed accelerated proliferation, increased apoptosis, and an altered pattern of chemo-sensitivity with lower IC50 values for drugs affecting the mitotic apparatus. However, the invasive cell population is significantly less tumorigenic in orthotopic mouse xenografts suggesting that the acquisition of the invasive capacity and the achievement of metastatic growth potential are distinct events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Amaro
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Angelini
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Valentina Mirisola
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Isabella Esposito
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Reverberi
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Serena Matis
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Maffei
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Walter Giaretti
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Viale
- Biotherapy, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gangemi
- Biotherapy, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Simonetta Astigiano
- Immunology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Cilli
- Animal Facility, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice E Bachmeier
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter H Killian
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Molecular Pathology, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
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362
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Liu T, Larionova I, Litviakov N, Riabov V, Zavyalova M, Tsyganov M, Buldakov M, Song B, Moganti K, Kazantseva P, Slonimskaya E, Kremmer E, Flatley A, Klüter H, Cherdyntseva N, Kzhyshkowska J. Tumor-associated macrophages in human breast cancer produce new monocyte attracting and pro-angiogenic factor YKL-39 indicative for increased metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1436922. [PMID: 29872578 PMCID: PMC5980380 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1436922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer, the tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in the tumor progression and responses to therapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major innate immune cells in tumor microenvironment that regulate intratumoral immunity and angiogenesis by secretion of cytokines, growth factors as well as chitinase-like proteins (CLPs), that combine properties of cytokines and growth factors. YKL-39 is a chitinase-like protein found in human and absent in rodents, and its expression in TAMs and role in breast cancer progression was not studied to date. Here for the first time we demonstrate that YKL-39 is expressed on TAMs, predominantly positive for stabilin-1, but not by malignant cells or other stromal cells in human breast cancer. TGF-beta in combination with IL-4, but not IL-4 alone was responsible of the stimulation of the production of YKL-39 in human primary macrophages. Mechanistically, stabilin-1 directly interacted with YKL-39 and acted as sorting receptor for targeting YKL-39 into the secretory pathway. Functionally, purified YKL-39 acted as a strong chemotactic factor for primary human monocytes, and induced angiogenesis in vitro. Elevated levels of YKL-39 expression in tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were predictive for increased risk of distant metastasis and for poor response to NAC in patients with nonspecific invasive breast carcinoma. Our findings suggest YKL-39 as a novel therapeutic target, and blocking of its activity can be combined with NAC in order to reduce the risk of metastasis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay Litviakov
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Riabov
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany.,Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina Zavyalova
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Matvey Tsyganov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Buldakov
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kondaiah Moganti
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Polina Kazantseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Slonimskaya
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew Flatley
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany.,German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadezhda Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Department of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim, Germany.,Laboratory for Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.,German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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363
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Targeting Macrophages in Cancer: From Bench to Bedside. Front Oncol 2018; 8:49. [PMID: 29594035 PMCID: PMC5858529 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a major component of the tumor microenvironment and orchestrate various aspects of immunity. Within tumors, macrophages can reversibly alter their endotype in response to environmental cues, including hypoxia and stimuli derived from other immune cells, as well as the extracellular matrix. Depending on their activation status, macrophages can exert dual influences on tumorigenesis by either antagonizing the cytotoxic activity immune cells or by enhancing antitumor responses. In most solid cancers, increased infiltration with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has long been associated with poor patient prognosis, highlighting their value as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer. A number of macrophage-centered approaches to anticancer therapy have been investigated, and include strategies to block their tumor-promoting activities or exploit their antitumor effector functions. Integrating therapeutic strategies to target TAMs to complement conventional therapies has yielded promising results in preclinical trials and warrants further investigation to determine its translational benefit in human cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the pro-tumorigenic programming of macrophages and provide a comprehensive update of macrophage-targeted therapies for the treatment of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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364
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Ayob AZ, Ramasamy TS. Cancer stem cells as key drivers of tumour progression. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:20. [PMID: 29506506 PMCID: PMC5838954 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of cancer cells sharing similar characteristics as normal stem or progenitor cells such as self-renewal ability and multi-lineage differentiation to drive tumour growth and heterogeneity. Throughout the cancer progression, CSC can further be induced from differentiated cancer cells via the adaptation and cross-talks with the tumour microenvironment as well as a response from therapeutic pressures, therefore contributes to their heterogeneous phenotypes. Challengingly, conventional cancer treatments target the bulk of the tumour and are unable to target CSCs due to their highly resistance nature, leading to metastasis and tumour recurrence. MAIN BODY This review highlights the roles of CSCs in tumour initiation, progression and metastasis with a focus on the cellular and molecular regulators that influence their phenotypical changes and behaviours in the different stages of cancer progression. We delineate the cross-talks between CSCs with the tumour microenvironment that support their intrinsic properties including survival, stemness, quiescence and their cellular and molecular adaptation in response to therapeutic pressure. An insight into the distinct roles of CSCs in promoting angiogenesis and metastasis has been captured based on in vitro and in vivo evidences. CONCLUSION Given dynamic cellular events along the cancer progression and contributions of resistance nature by CSCs, understanding their molecular and cellular regulatory mechanism in a heterogeneous nature, provides significant cornerstone for the development of CSC-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ain Zubaidah Ayob
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thamil Selvee Ramasamy
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Cell and Molecular Laboratory (CMBL), The Dean’s Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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365
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Boussommier-Calleja A, Atiyas Y, Haase K, Headley M, Lewis C, Kamm RD. The effects of monocytes on tumor cell extravasation in a 3D vascularized microfluidic model. Biomaterials 2018; 198:180-193. [PMID: 29548546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recent developments in cancer immunotherapy have shown exciting therapeutic promise for metastatic patients. While most therapies target T cells, other immune cells, such as monocytes, hold great promise for therapeutic intervention. In our study, we provide primary evidence of direct engagement between human monocytes and tumor cells in a 3D vascularized microfluidic model. We first characterize the novel application of our model to investigate and visualize at high resolution the evolution of monocytes as they migrate from the intravascular to the extravascular micro-environment. We also demonstrate their differentiation into macrophages in our all-human model. Our model replicates physiological differences between different monocyte subsets. In particular, we report that inflammatory, but not patrolling, monocytes rely on actomyosin based motility. Finally, we exploit this platform to study the effect of monocytes, at different stages of their life cycle, on cancer cell extravasation. Our data demonstrates that monocytes can directly reduce cancer cell extravasation in a non-contact dependent manner. In contrast, we see little effect of monocytes on cancer cell extravasation once monocytes transmigrate through the vasculature and are macrophage-like. Taken together, our study brings novel insight into the role of monocytes in cancer cell extravasation, which is an important step in the metastatic cascade. These findings establish our microfluidic platform as a powerful tool to investigate the characteristics and function of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages in normal and diseased states. We propose that monocyte-cancer cell interactions could be targeted to potentiate the anti-metastatic effect we observe in vitro, possibly expanding the milieu of immunotherapies available to tame metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Atiyas
- Biological Engineering, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - K Haase
- Mechanical Engineering, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - M Headley
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Lewis
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - R D Kamm
- Mechanical Engineering, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, USA; Biological Engineering, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, USA.
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366
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Shao X, Wu B, Cheng L, Li F, Zhan Y, Liu C, Ji L, Min Z, Ke Y, Sun L, Chen H, Cheng Y. Distinct alterations of CD68 +CD163 + M2-like macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in newly diagnosed primary immune thrombocytopenia with or without CR after high-dose dexamethasone treatment. J Transl Med 2018; 16:48. [PMID: 29499727 PMCID: PMC5833082 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although impaired myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recently have been studied in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), another myeloid-derived cell population signified as M2 macrophages has not been investigated properly in ITP patients. In the present study, we intended to determine the features of circulating M2-like macrophages, to examine its relationship with MDSCs, and to explore their prognostic values in ITP. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls and primary ITP patients were isolated to test the circulating M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. The circulating M2-like macrophage population defined as CD68+CD163+ and circulating MDSC population as CD11b+CD33+HLA-DR− were determined by flow cytometry. Plasma inflammatory cytokines were measured by multiplex ELISA. Results The percentages of MDSCs were found to be expanded in newly diagnosed patients of ITP, especially among those of the complete response (CR) group (p < 0.0001). Positive linear correlation was verified between percentages of M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. The same correlation was also determined in the CR group. After treatment, the percentages of M2-like macrophages and MDSCs were both increased significantly in CR group, while those patients among the PR + NR group manifested a significant numeric decrease of MDSCs but only a moderate decrease in M2-like macrophages. MIP-1α/CCL3 was negatively correlated with M2-like macrophages while MCP-1 possessed a positive correlation with M2-like macrophages, eotaxin-1/CCL11 was negatively correlated with MDSCs and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was found to be negatively correlated with both M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. Conclusions The present findings indicated critical roles of both circulating M2-like macrophages and MDSCs in ITP. The positive correlation between them might be related to inflammatory factors-mediated bidirectional interactions or partially due to their similar background patterns during differentiation. MIP-1α/CCL3, MCP-1, eotaxin-1/CCL11 and IL-1β might play a critical role in the expansion of both M2 macrophages and MDSCs population in ITP patients, which deserves further investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1424-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Shao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Boting Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Luya Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Yanxia Zhan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhihui Min
- Institute of Clinical Science, Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Ke
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China. .,Institute of Clinical Science, Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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367
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Mittal S, Brown NJ, Holen I. The breast tumor microenvironment: role in cancer development, progression and response to therapy. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:227-243. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1439382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Mittal
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicola J. Brown
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, UK
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368
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MiRNAs at the Crossroads between Innate Immunity and Cancer: Focus on Macrophages. Cells 2018; 7:cells7020012. [PMID: 29419779 PMCID: PMC5850100 DOI: 10.3390/cells7020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells form an integrative component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which can control or prevent tumor initiation and progression, due to the simultaneous processing of both anti- and pro-growth signals. This decision-making process is a consequence of gene expression changes, which are in part dependent on post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. In this context, microRNAs have been shown to regulate both recruitment and activation of specific tumor-associated immune cells in the TME. This review aims to describe the most important microRNAs that target cancer-related innate immune pathways. The role of exosomal microRNAs in tumor progression and microRNA-based therapeutic strategies are also discussed.
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369
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Echizen K, Oshima H, Nakayama M, Oshima M. The inflammatory microenvironment that promotes gastrointestinal cancer development and invasion. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 68:39-45. [PMID: 29428221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that the inflammatory response is important for tumor promotion. However, the mechanisms underlying the induction of the inflammatory response in cancer tissues and how it promotes tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. We constructed several mouse models that develop inflammation-associated gastric and intestinal tumors and examined the in vivo mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Of note, the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway and Toll-like receptor (TLR)/MyD88 signaling cooperatively induced the generation of an inflammatory microenvironment, which is required for early-stage tumorigenesis. The inflammatory response in the stroma induces TNF-α signaling in tumor cells, and the NOX1/ROS signaling pathway is activated downstream. In addition, the inflammatory pathway induces the expression of TLR2 in tumor epithelial cells. Both the NOX1/ROS and TLR2 pathways in tumor cells contribute to the acquisition and maintenance of stemness, which is an important tumor-promoting mechanism stimulated by inflammation. We also found that inflammation promotes malignant processes, like submucosal invasion, of TGF-β signaling-suppressed tumor cells through the activation of MMP2 protease. Moreover, we showed that mutant p53 induces innate immune and inflammatory signaling in the tumor stroma by a gain-of-function mechanism of mutant p53, which may explain the "cancer-induced inflammation" mechanism. These results indicate that the regulation of the inflammatory microenvironment via the inhibition of the COX-2/PGE2 and TLR/MyD88 pathways in combination will be an effective preventive or therapeutic strategy against gastrointestinal cancer development and malignant progression, especially those carrying p53 gain-of-function mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Echizen
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute (WPI Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nakayama
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute (WPI Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; Nano Life Science Institute (WPI Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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370
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Mandal PK, Biswas S, Mandal G, Purohit S, Gupta A, Majumdar (Giri) A, Roy Chowdhury S, Bhattacharyya A. CCL2 conditionally determines CCL22-dependent Th2-accumulation during TGF-β-induced breast cancer progression. Immunobiology 2018; 223:151-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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371
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Ponert JM, Schwarz S, Haschemi R, Müller J, Pötzsch B, Bendas G, Schlesinger M. The mechanisms how heparin affects the tumor cell induced VEGF and chemokine release from platelets to attenuate the early metastatic niche formation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191303. [PMID: 29346400 PMCID: PMC5773218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is responsible for the majority of cancer associated fatalities. Tumor cells leaving the primary tumor and entering the blood flow immediately interact with platelets. Activated platelets contribute in different ways to cancer cell survival and proliferation, e.g. in formation of the early metastatic niche by release of different growth factors and chemokines. Here we show that a direct interaction between platelets and MV3 melanoma or MCF7 breast cancer cells induces platelet activation and a VEGF release in citrated plasma that cannot be further elevated by the coagulation cascade and generated thrombin. In contrast, the release of platelet-derived chemokines CXCL5 and CXCL7 depends on both, a thrombin-mediated platelet activation and a direct interaction between tumor cells and platelets. Preincubation of platelets with therapeutic concentrations of unfractionated heparin reduces the tumor cell initiated VEGF release from platelets. In contrast, tumor cell induced CXCL5 and CXCL7 release from platelets was not impacted by heparin pretreatment in citrated plasma. In defibrinated, recalcified plasma, on the contrary, heparin is able to reduce CXCL5 and CXCL7 release from platelets by thrombin inhibition. Our data indicate that different chemokines and growth factors in diverse platelet granules are released in tightly regulated processes by various trigger mechanisms. We show for the first time that heparin is able to reduce the mediator release induced by different tumor cells both in a contact and coagulation dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Moritz Ponert
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja Schwarz
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Reza Haschemi
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Institute for Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd Pötzsch
- Institute for Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerd Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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372
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Wang J, He P, Gaida M, Yang S, Schetter AJ, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi BM, Ried T, Yfantis H, Lee D, Weiss JM, Stauffer J, Hanna N, Alexander HR, Hussain SP. Inducible nitric oxide synthase enhances disease aggressiveness in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52993-53004. [PMID: 27367029 PMCID: PMC5288163 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies and is refractory to the available treatments. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) expresses high level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), which causes sustained production of nitric oxide (NO). We tested the hypothesis that an aberrantly increased NO-release enhances the development and progression of PDAC. Enhanced NOS2 expression in tumors significantly associated with poor survival in PDAC patients (N = 107) with validation in independent cohorts. We then genetically targeted NOS2 in an autochthonous mouse model of PDAC to examine the effect of NOS2-deficiency on disease progression and survival. Genetic ablation of NOS2 significantly prolonged survival and reduced tumor severity in LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) mice. Primary tumor cells isolated from NOS2-deficient KPC (NKPC) mice showed decreased proliferation and invasiveness as compared to those from KPC mice. Furthermore, NKPC tumors showed reduced expression of pERK, a diminished inactivation of Forkhead box transcription factor O (FOXO3), a tumor suppressor, and a decrease in the expression of oncomir-21, when compared with tumors in KPC mice. Taken together, these findings showed that NOS2 is a predictor of prognosis in early stage, resected PDAC patients, and provide proof-of-principle that targeting NOS2 may have potential therapeutic value in this lethal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Pancreatic Cancer Unit, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peijun He
- Pancreatic Cancer Unit, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Gaida
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shouhui Yang
- Pancreatic Cancer Unit, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, CCR, NCI, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harris Yfantis
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dong Lee
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jimmy Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, NCI Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Nader Hanna
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Richard Alexander
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Unit, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, CCR, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
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373
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Kitamura T, Doughty-Shenton D, Cassetta L, Fragkogianni S, Brownlie D, Kato Y, Carragher N, Pollard JW. Monocytes Differentiate to Immune Suppressive Precursors of Metastasis-Associated Macrophages in Mouse Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 8:2004. [PMID: 29387063 PMCID: PMC5776392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated macrophages (MAMs) play pivotal roles in breast cancer metastasis by promoting extravasation and survival of metastasizing cancer cells. In a metastatic breast cancer mouse model, we previously reported that circulating classical monocytes (C-MOs) preferentially migrated into the tumor-challenged lung where they differentiated into MAMs. However, the fate and characteristics of C-MOs in the metastatic site has not been defined. In this study, we identified that adoptively transferred C-MOs (F4/80lowCD11b+Ly6C+) differentiated into a distinct myeloid cell population that is characterized as F4/80highCD11bhighLy6Chigh and gives rise to MAMs (F4/80lowCD11bhighLy6Clow) within 18 h after migration into the metastatic lung. In mouse models of breast cancer, the CD11bhighLy6Chigh MAM precursor cells (MAMPCs) were commonly found in the metastatic lung, and their accumulation was increased during metastatic tumor growth. The morphology and gene expression profile of MAMPCs were distinct from C-MOs and had greater similarity to MAMs. For example MAMPCs expressed mature macrophage markers such as CD14, CD36, CD64, and CD206 at comparable levels with MAMs, suggesting that MAMPCs have committed to a macrophage lineage in the tumor microenvironment. MAMPCs also expressed higher levels of Arg1, Hmox1, and Stab1 than C-MOs to a comparable level to MAMs. Expression of these MAM-associated genes in MAMPCs was reduced by genetic deletion of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). On the other hand, transient CSF1R blockade did not reduce the number of MAMPCs in the metastatic site, suggesting that CSF1 signaling is active in MAMPCs but is not required for their accumulation. Functionally MAMPCs suppressed the cytotoxicity of activated CD8+ T cells in vitro in part through superoxide production. Overall, our results indicate that immediately following migration into the metastatic tumors C-MOs differentiate into immunosuppressive cells that have characteristics of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell phenotype and might be targeted to enhance efficacy of immunotherapy for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Kitamura
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dahlia Doughty-Shenton
- Edinburgh Phenotypic Assay Centre, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Cassetta
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatina Fragkogianni
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Demi Brownlie
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Kato
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Neil Carragher
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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374
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Abrahamsson A, Rzepecka A, Dabrosin C. Equal Pro-inflammatory Profiles of CCLs, CXCLs, and Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Extracellular Microenvironment In Vivo in Human Dense Breast Tissue and Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1994. [PMID: 29387062 PMCID: PMC5776019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory microenvironment affects breast cancer progression. Proteins that govern the inflammatory response are secreted into the extracellular space, but this compartment still needs to be characterized in human breast tissues in vivo. Dense breast tissue is a major risk factor for breast cancer by yet unknown mechanisms and no non-toxic prevention for these patients exists. Here, we used the minimal invasive technique of microdialysis for sampling of extracellular proteins in live tissues in situ in breast cancers of women before surgery and in healthy women having dense or non-dense breast tissue on mammography. Proteins were profiled using a proximity extension assay. Out of the 32 proteins assessed, 26 exhibited similar profiles in breast cancers and dense breast tissues; CCL-4, -7, -8, -11, -15, -16, -22, -23, and -25, CXCL-5, -8, -9, -16 as well as sIL-6R, IL-18, vascular endothelial growth factor, TGF-α, fibroblast growth factor 19, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -3, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator were all increased, whereas CCL-3, CX3CL1, hepatocyte growth factor, and MMP-9 were unaltered in the two tissues. CCL-19 and -24, CXCL-1 and -10, and IL-6 were increased in dense breast tissue only, whereas IL-18BP was increased in breast cancer only. Our results provide novel insights in the inflammatory microenvironment in human breast cancer in situ and define potential novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, we show previously unrecognized similarities of the pro-inflammatory microenvironment in dense breast tissue and breast cancer in vivo suggesting that anti-inflammatory breast cancer prevention trials for women with dense breast tissue may be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Abrahamsson
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Rzepecka
- Department of Radiology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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375
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Makela AV, Foster PJ. Imaging macrophage distribution and density in mammary tumors and lung metastases using fluorine-19 MRI cell tracking. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:1138-1147. [PMID: 29327789 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley V Makela
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,The Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paula J Foster
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,The Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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376
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Volpato M, Perry SL, Marston G, Ingram N, Cockbain AJ, Burghel H, Mann J, Lowes D, Wilson E, Droop A, Randerson-Moor J, Coletta PL, Hull MA. Changes in plasma chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 levels during treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid predict outcome in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28139-50. [PMID: 27058904 PMCID: PMC5053715 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of the anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity of the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is not understood. We tested the hypothesis that EPA reduces expression of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), a pro-inflammatory chemokine with known roles in metastasis.We measured CCL2 in clinical samples from a randomized trial of EPA in patients undergoing liver surgery for CRC liver metastasis (LM) and preclinical models. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of tumors from EPA-treated patients was performed.EPA decreased CCL2 synthesis by CRC cells in a dose-dependent manner. CCL2 was localized to malignant epithelial cells in human CRCLM. EPA did not reduce CCL2 content in human or mouse tumors compare to control. However, EPA treatment was associated with decreased plasma CCL2 levels compared with controls (P=0.04). Reduction in plasma CCL2 following EPA treatment predicted improved disease-free survival (HR 0.32; P=0.003). Lack of 'CCL2 response' was associated with a specific CRCLM gene expression signature.In conclusion, reduction in plasma CCL2 in patients with CRCLM treated with EPA predicts better clinical outcome and a specific tumor gene expression profile. Further work is needed to validate CCL2 as a therapeutic response biomarker for omega-3 fatty acid treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Volpato
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L Perry
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Marston
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Ingram
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Cockbain
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Burghel
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Mann
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - David Lowes
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Erica Wilson
- Leeds Institute of Cancer Studies and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Droop
- Leeds Institute of Cancer Studies and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom.,MRC Medical Bioinformatics Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - Juliette Randerson-Moor
- Leeds Institute of Cancer Studies and Pathology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - P Louise Coletta
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Hull
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
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377
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Linde N, Casanova-Acebes M, Sosa MS, Mortha A, Rahman A, Farias E, Harper K, Tardio E, Reyes Torres I, Jones J, Condeelis J, Merad M, Aguirre-Ghiso JA. Macrophages orchestrate breast cancer early dissemination and metastasis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:21. [PMID: 29295986 PMCID: PMC5750231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell dissemination during very early stages of breast cancer proceeds through poorly understood mechanisms. Here we show, in a mouse model of HER2+ breast cancer, that a previously described sub-population of early-evolved cancer cells requires macrophages for early dissemination. Depletion of macrophages specifically during pre-malignant stages reduces early dissemination and also results in reduced metastatic burden at end stages of cancer progression. Mechanistically, we show that, in pre-malignant lesions, CCL2 produced by cancer cells and myeloid cells attracts CD206+/Tie2+ macrophages and induces Wnt-1 upregulation that in turn downregulates E-cadherin junctions in the HER2+ early cancer cells. We also observe macrophage-containing tumor microenvironments of metastasis structures in the pre-malignant lesions that can operate as portals for intravasation. These data support a causal role for macrophages in early dissemination that affects long-term metastasis development much later in cancer progression. A pilot analysis on human specimens revealed intra-epithelial macrophages and loss of E-cadherin junctions in ductal carcinoma in situ, supporting a potential clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Linde
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, Postcode: A025/301, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Maria Casanova-Acebes
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Maria Soledad Sosa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, USA
| | - Adeeb Rahman
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eduardo Farias
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kathryn Harper
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ethan Tardio
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ivan Reyes Torres
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joan Jones
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - John Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Integrated Imaging Program, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Human Immune Monitoring Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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378
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Croci DO, Mendez-Huergo SP, Cerliani JP, Rabinovich GA. Immune-Mediated and Hypoxia-Regulated Programs: Accomplices in Resistance to Anti-angiogenic Therapies. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2018; 249:31-61. [PMID: 28405776 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to mechanisms taking place during resistance to chemotherapies or other targeted therapies, compensatory adaptation to angiogenesis blockade does not imply a mutational alteration of genes encoding drug targets or multidrug resistance mechanisms but instead involves intrinsic or acquired activation of compensatory angiogenic pathways. In this article we highlight hypoxia-regulated and immune-mediated mechanisms that converge in endothelial cell programs and preserve angiogenesis in settings of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blockade. These mechanisms involve mobilization of myeloid cell populations and activation of cytokine- and chemokine-driven circuits operating during intrinsic and acquired resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Particularly, we focus on findings underscoring a role for galectins and glycosylated ligands in promoting resistance to anti-VEGF therapies and discuss possible strategies to overcome or attenuate this compensatory pathway. Finally, we highlight emerging evidence demonstrating the interplay between immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic programs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and discuss emerging combinatorial anticancer strategies aimed at simultaneously potentiating antitumor immune responses and counteracting aberrant angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego O Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Santiago P Mendez-Huergo
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P Cerliani
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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379
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Ishida Y, Kimura A, Nosaka M, Kuninaka Y, Hemmi H, Sasaki I, Kaisho T, Mukaida N, Kondo T. Essential involvement of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via regulation of fibrocyte and M2 macrophage migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16833. [PMID: 29203799 PMCID: PMC5714949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential role of macrophages in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) prompted us to evaluate the roles of CX3CR1, a chemokine receptor abundantly expressed in macrophages during bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF. Intratracheal BLM injection induced infiltration of leukocytes such as macrophages into the lungs, which eventually resulted in fibrosis. CX3CR1 expression was mainly detected in the majority of macrophages and in a small portion of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells in the lungs, while CX3CL1 was expressed in macrophages. BLM-induced fibrotic changes in the lungs were reduced without any changes in the number of leukocytes in Cx3cr1−/− mice, as compared with those in the wild-type (WT) mice. However, intrapulmonary CX3CR1+ macrophages displayed pro-fibrotic M2 phenotypes; lack of CX3CR1 skewed their phenotypes toward M1 in BLM-challenged lungs. Moreover, fibrocytes expressed CX3CR1, and were increased in BLM-challenged WT lungs. The number of intrapulmonary fibrocytes was decreased in Cx3cr1−/− mice. Thus, locally-produced CX3CL1 can promote PF development primarily by attracting CX3CR1-expressing M2 macrophages and fibrocytes into the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ishida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kimura
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nosaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yumi Kuninaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hemmi
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Izumi Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tsuneyasu Kaisho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kondo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
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380
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Tremble LF, Forde PF, Soden DM. Clinical evaluation of macrophages in cancer: role in treatment, modulation and challenges. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:1509-1527. [PMID: 28948324 PMCID: PMC11028704 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The focus of immunotherapeutics has been placed firmly on anti-tumour T cell responses. Significant progress has been made in the treatment of both local and systemic malignancies, but low response rates and rising toxicities are limiting this approach. Advancements in the understanding of tumour immunology are opening up a new range of therapeutic targets, including immunosuppressive factors in the tumour microenvironment. Macrophages are a heterogeneous group of cells that have roles in innate and adaptive immunity and tissue repair, but become co-opted by tumours to support tumour growth, survival, metastasis and immunosuppression. Macrophages also support tumour resistance to conventional therapy. In preclinical models, interference with macrophage migration, macrophage depletion and macrophage re-education have all been shown to reduce tumour growth and support anti-tumour immune responses. Here we discuss the role of macrophages in prognosis and sensitivity to therapy, while examining the significant progress which has been made in modulating the behaviour of these cells in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Friel Tremble
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Patrick F Forde
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Declan M Soden
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
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381
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Kortlever RM, Sodir NM, Wilson CH, Burkhart DL, Pellegrinet L, Brown Swigart L, Littlewood TD, Evan GI. Myc Cooperates with Ras by Programming Inflammation and Immune Suppression. Cell 2017; 171:1301-1315.e14. [PMID: 29195074 PMCID: PMC5720393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The two oncogenes KRas and Myc cooperate to drive tumorigenesis, but the mechanism underlying this remains unclear. In a mouse lung model of KRasG12D-driven adenomas, we find that co-activation of Myc drives the immediate transition to highly proliferative and invasive adenocarcinomas marked by highly inflammatory, angiogenic, and immune-suppressed stroma. We identify epithelial-derived signaling molecules CCL9 and IL-23 as the principal instructing signals for stromal reprogramming. CCL9 mediates recruitment of macrophages, angiogenesis, and PD-L1-dependent expulsion of T and B cells. IL-23 orchestrates exclusion of adaptive T and B cells and innate immune NK cells. Co-blockade of both CCL9 and IL-23 abrogates Myc-induced tumor progression. Subsequent deactivation of Myc in established adenocarcinomas triggers immediate reversal of all stromal changes and tumor regression, which are independent of CD4+CD8+ T cells but substantially dependent on returning NK cells. We show that Myc extensively programs an immune suppressive stroma that is obligatory for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderik M Kortlever
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nicole M Sodir
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Catherine H Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Deborah L Burkhart
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Luca Pellegrinet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Lamorna Brown Swigart
- Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Trevor D Littlewood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Gerard I Evan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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382
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Varol C, Sagi I. Phagocyte-extracellular matrix crosstalk empowers tumor development and dissemination. FEBS J 2017; 285:734-751. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Varol
- The Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases; Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Israel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation; Weizmann Institute of Science; Rehovot Israel
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383
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Bakst RL, Xiong H, Chen CH, Deborde S, Lyubchik A, Zhou Y, He S, McNamara W, Lee SY, Olson OC, Leiner IM, Marcadis AR, Keith JW, Al-Ahmadie HA, Katabi N, Gil Z, Vakiani E, Joyce JA, Pamer E, Wong RJ. Inflammatory Monocytes Promote Perineural Invasion via CCL2-Mediated Recruitment and Cathepsin B Expression. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6400-6414. [PMID: 28951461 PMCID: PMC5831809 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is an ominous event strongly linked to poor clinical outcome. Cells residing within peripheral nerves collaborate with cancer cells to enable PNI, but the contributing conditions within the tumor microenvironment are not well understood. Here, we show that CCR2-expressing inflammatory monocytes (IM) are preferentially recruited to sites of PNI, where they differentiate into macrophages and potentiate nerve invasion through a cathepsin B-mediated process. A series of adoptive transfer experiments with genetically engineered donors and recipients demonstrated that IM recruitment to nerves was driven by CCL2 released from Schwann cells at the site of PNI, but not CCL7, an alternate ligand for CCR2. Interruption of either CCL2-CCR2 signaling or cathepsin B function significantly impaired PNI in vivo Correlative studies in human specimens demonstrated that cathepsin B-producing macrophages were enriched in invaded nerves, which was associated with increased local tumor recurrence. These findings deepen our understanding of PNI pathogenesis and illuminate how PNI is driven in part by corruption of a nerve repair program. Further, they support the exploration of inhibiting IM recruitment and function as a targeted therapy for PNI. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6400-14. ©2017 AACR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cathepsin B/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL2/genetics
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Humans
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Monocytes/pathology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Peripheral Nerves/metabolism
- Peripheral Nerves/pathology
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Schwann Cells/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L Bakst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Huizhong Xiong
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chun-Hao Chen
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sylvie Deborde
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anna Lyubchik
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shizhi He
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William McNamara
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sei-Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Oakley C Olson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ingrid M Leiner
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrea R Marcadis
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - James W Keith
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hikmat A Al-Ahmadie
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nora Katabi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ziv Gil
- Department of Otolaryngology, Rambam Healthcare Campus, The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Efsevia Vakiani
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Pamer
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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384
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Abstract
Human cancers exhibit formidable molecular heterogeneity, to a large extent accounting for the incomplete and transitory efficacy of current anti-cancer therapies. However, neoplastic cells alone do not manifest the disease, but conscript a battery of non-tumor cells to enable and sustain hallmark capabilities of cancer. Escaping immunosurveillance is one of such capabilities. Tumors evolve immunosuppressive microenvironment to subvert anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we will focus on tumor-associated myeloid cells, which constitute an essential part of the immune microenvironment and reciprocally interact with cancer cells to establish malignancy toward metastasis. The diversity and plasticity of these cells constitute another layer of heterogeneity, beyond the heterogeneity of cancer cells themselves. We envision that immune microenvironment co-evolves with the genetic heterogeneity of tumor. Addressing the question of how genetically distinct tumors shape and are shaped by unique immune microenvironment will provide an attractive rationale to develop novel immunotherapeutic modalities. Here, we discuss the complex nature of tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on the cellular and functional heterogeneity among tumor-associated myeloid cells as well as immune environment heterogeneity in the context of a full spectrum of human breast cancers.
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385
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Transcription factor c-Myb inhibits breast cancer lung metastasis by suppression of tumor cell seeding. Oncogene 2017; 37:1020-1030. [PMID: 29084208 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for most of cancer-related deaths. Paracrine signaling between tumor cells and the stroma induces changes in the tumor microenvironment required for metastasis. Transcription factor c-Myb was associated with breast cancer (BC) progression but its role in metastasis remains unclear. Here we show that increased c-Myb expression in BC cells inhibits spontaneous lung metastasis through impaired tumor cell extravasation. On contrary, BC cells with increased lung metastatic capacity exhibited low c-Myb levels. We identified a specific inflammatory signature, including Ccl2 chemokine, that was expressed in lung metastatic cells but was suppressed in tumor cells with higher c-Myb levels. Tumor cell-derived Ccl2 expression facilitated lung metastasis and rescued trans-endothelial migration of c-Myb overexpressing cells. Clinical data show that the identified inflammatory signature, together with a MYB expression, predicts lung metastasis relapse in BC patients. These results demonstrate that the c-Myb-regulated transcriptional program in BCs results in a blunted inflammatory response and consequently suppresses lung metastasis.
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386
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The cholesterol metabolite 27 hydroxycholesterol facilitates breast cancer metastasis through its actions on immune cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:864. [PMID: 29021522 PMCID: PMC5636879 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and elevated circulating cholesterol are risk factors for breast cancer recurrence, while the use of statins, cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors widely used for treating hypercholesterolemia, is associated with improved disease-free survival. Here, we show that cholesterol mediates the metastatic effects of a high-fat diet via its oxysterol metabolite, 27-hydroxycholesterol. Ablation or inhibition of CYP27A1, the enzyme responsible for the rate-limiting step in 27-hydroxycholesterol biosynthesis, significantly reduces metastasis in relevant animal models of cancer. The robust effects of 27-hydroxycholesterol on metastasis requires myeloid immune cell function, and it was found that this oxysterol increases the number of polymorphonuclear-neutrophils and γδ-T cells at distal metastatic sites. The pro-metastatic actions of 27-hydroxycholesterol requires both polymorphonuclear-neutrophils and γδ-T cells, and 27-hydroxycholesterol treatment results in a decreased number of cytotoxic CD8+T lymphocytes. Therefore, through its actions on γδ-T cells and polymorphonuclear-neutrophils, 27-hydroxycholesterol functions as a biochemical mediator of the metastatic effects of hypercholesterolemia.High cholesterol is a risk factor for breast cancer recurrence. Here the authors show that cholesterol promotes breast cancer metastasis via its metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) that acts on immune myeloid cells residing at the distal metastatic sites, thus promoting an immune suppressive environment.
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387
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Schaller TH, Batich KA, Suryadevara CM, Desai R, Sampson JH. Chemokines as adjuvants for immunotherapy: implications for immune activation with CCL3. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2017; 13:1049-1060. [PMID: 28965431 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2017.1384313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunotherapy embodies any approach that manipulates the immune system for therapeutic benefit. In this regard, various clinical trials have employed direct vaccination with patient-specific dendritic cells or adoptive T cell therapy to target highly aggressive tumors. Both modalities have demonstrated great specificity, an advantage that is unmatched by other treatment strategies. However, their full potential has yet to be realized. Areas covered: In this review, we provide an overview of chemokines in pathogen and anti-tumor immune responses and discuss further improving immunotherapies by arming particular chemokine axes. Expert commentary: The chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α, CCL3) has emerged as a potent activator of both innate and adaptive responses. Specifically, CCL3 plays a critical role in recruiting distinct immune phenotypes to intratumoral sites, is a pivotal player in regulating lymph node homing of dendritic cell subsets, and induces antigen-specific T cell responses. The recent breadth of literature outlines the various interactions of CCL3 with these cellular subsets, which have now served as a basis for immunotherapeutic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teilo H Schaller
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Kristen A Batich
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Carter M Suryadevara
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Rupen Desai
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - John H Sampson
- a Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Department of Neurosurgery , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Radiation Oncology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,d Department of Immunology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
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388
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Abstract
Cancer cells preferentially metastasize to certain organs. A study in mouse models of breast cancer shows that the DKK1 negative regulator of WNT signalling inhibits tropism to the lung, but enhances tropism to the bone due to the differential regulation of canonical and non-canonical WNT signalling in the two microenvironments.
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389
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Murray PJ. Nonresolving macrophage-mediated inflammation in malignancy. FEBS J 2017; 285:641-653. [PMID: 28857430 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumors are populated with different cells of the immune system, each of which has the potential for pro- or antitumor functions. Macrophages are the numerically dominant type of myeloid cell in cancer and are suspected of having predominantly protumor functions. Key questions in cancer research concern the relationships between macrophages and anatomically different kinds of cancers, what specific properties of macrophages are involved in protumor functions and whether either macrophage numbers or functions can be modulated to enhance existing cancer therapies, for example, by reducing the immunosuppressive milieu such that anti-tumor T cells can provoke antitumor immunity. Accordingly, several antimacrophage preclinical modalities have been attempted and revealed substantial clinical barriers to their use. Therefore, understanding and targeting the specific pathways associated with protumor functions of macrophages, rather than macrophages themselves is a promising approach for both basic research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Murray
- Immunoregulation Group, Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany
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390
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Alaarg A, Pérez-Medina C, Metselaar JM, Nahrendorf M, Fayad ZA, Storm G, Mulder WJM. Applying nanomedicine in maladaptive inflammation and angiogenesis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 119:143-158. [PMID: 28506745 PMCID: PMC5682240 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and angiogenesis drive the development and progression of multiple devastating diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Though these diseases have very different phenotypic consequences, they possess several common pathophysiological features in which monocyte recruitment, macrophage polarization, and enhanced vascular permeability play critical roles. Thus, developing rational targeting strategies tailored to the different stages of the journey of monocytes, from bone marrow to local lesions, and their extravasation from the vasculature in diseased tissues will advance nanomedicine. The integration of in vivo imaging uniquely allows studying nanoparticle kinetics, accumulation, clearance, and biological activity, at levels ranging from subcellular to an entire organism, and will shed light on the fate of intravenously administered nanomedicines. We anticipate that convergence of nanomedicines, biomedical engineering, and life sciences will help to advance clinically relevant therapeutics and diagnostic agents for patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Alaarg
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Pérez-Medina
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Josbert M Metselaar
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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391
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Eitas TK, Stepp W, Sjeklocha L, Long C, Riley C, Callahan J, Sanchez Y, Gough P, Knowlin L, van Duin D, Ortiz-Pujols S, Jones S, Maile R, Hong Z, Berger S, Cairns B. Differential regulation of innate immune cytokine production through pharmacological activation of Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) in burn patient immune cells and monocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184164. [PMID: 28886135 PMCID: PMC5590883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn patients suffer from immunological dysfunction for which there are currently no successful interventions. Similar to previous observations, we find that burn shock patients (≥15% Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) injury) have elevated levels of the innate immune cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1)/CC-motif Chemokine Ligand 2(CCL2) early after hospital admission (0–48 Hours Post-hospital Admission (HPA). Functional immune assays with patient Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) revealed that burn shock patients (≥15% TBSA) produced elevated levels of MCP-1/CCL2 after innate immune stimulation ex vivo relative to mild burn patients. Interestingly, treatment of patient PBMCs with the Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) agonist, CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl), reduced MCP-1 production but not IL-6 or Interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion. In enriched monocytes from healthy donors, CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl) also reduced LPS-induced MCP1/CCL2 production but did not alter IL-6 or IL-10 secretion. Similar immunomodulatory effects were observed with Compound 7, which activates the NRF2 pathway through a different and non-covalent Mechanism Of Action (MOA). Hence, our findings with CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl) and Compound 7 are likely to reflect a generalizable aspect of NRF2 activation. These observed effects were not specific to LPS-induced immune responses, as NRF2 activation also reduced MCP-1/CCL2 production after stimulation with IL-6. Pharmacological NRF2 activation reduced Mcp-1/Ccl2 transcript accumulation without inhibiting either Il-6 or Il-10 transcript levels. Hence, we describe a novel aspect of NRF2 activation that may contribute to the beneficial effects of NRF2 agonists during disease. Our work also demonstrates that the NRF2 pathway is retained and can be modulated to regulate important immunomodulatory functions in burn patient immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K. Eitas
- Host Defense Discovery Performance Unit, Infectious Diseases Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Upper Providence, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wesley Stepp
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lucas Sjeklocha
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Clayton Long
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Caitlin Riley
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - James Callahan
- Stress and Repair Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Upper Merion, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yolanda Sanchez
- Stress and Repair Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Upper Merion, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Peter Gough
- Host Defense Discovery Performance Unit, Infectious Diseases Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Upper Providence, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Laquanda Knowlin
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David van Duin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Shiara Ortiz-Pujols
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samuel Jones
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert Maile
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zhi Hong
- Infectious Diseases Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Scott Berger
- Host Defense Discovery Performance Unit, Infectious Diseases Therapy Area Unit, Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals, Upper Providence, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BAC); (SB)
| | - Bruce Cairns
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BAC); (SB)
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392
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Torres-García D, Pérez-Torres A, Manoutcharian K, Orbe U, Servín-Blanco R, Fragoso G, Sciutto E. GK-1 peptide reduces tumor growth, decreases metastatic burden, and increases survival in a murine breast cancer model. Vaccine 2017; 35:5653-5661. [PMID: 28890195 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
GK-1 is a parasite-derived peptide adjuvant of 18 amino acid-length that enhances T-cell function and increases survival in B16-F10 melanoma tumor-bearing mice. This study was designed to evaluate in vivo the antitumor efficacy of GK-1 on 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma. BALB/c mice with palpable primary tumors were weekly intravenously injected three times with saline solution or three different concentrations (10, 50, or 100μg per mouse) of GK-1. GK-1 significantly increased lifespan (p<0.0001) and reduced the primary tumor weight (p=0.014) and volume (p<0.0001) with respect to control mice, with no statistically significant differences among GK-1 doses. At the primary tumor, we found increased necrotic areas associated with a reduction in tumor mass, as well as an increase in the antitumor cytokine IL-12. Especially encouraging is the ability of GK-1 to reduce the number of lung metastasis (p=0.006) disregarding the dose used. The participation of IL-6 in metastasis development and the decreased levels of CCL-2, CCL-3, TNF-α, CXCL-9, GM-CSF, and b-FGF found in lungs of GK-1-treated mice is discussed. Our study supports the effectiveness of GK-1 as an antineoplastic agent that merits further exploration in combination with other therapeutic approaches in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Torres-García
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Pérez-Torres
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - K Manoutcharian
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - U Orbe
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Servín-Blanco
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Fragoso
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Sciutto
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
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393
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Bonelli S, Geeraerts X, Bolli E, Keirsse J, Kiss M, Pombo Antunes AR, Van Damme H, De Vlaminck K, Movahedi K, Laoui D, Raes G, Van Ginderachter JA. Beyond the M-CSF receptor - novel therapeutic targets in tumor-associated macrophages. FEBS J 2017; 285:777-787. [PMID: 28834216 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are by now established as important regulators of tumor progression by impacting on tumor immunity, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Hence, a multitude of approaches are currently pursued to intervene with TAM's protumor activities, the most advanced of which being a blockade of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF)/M-CSF receptor (M-CSFR) signaling. M-CSFR signaling largely impacts on the differentiation of macrophages, including TAM, and hence strongly influences the numbers of these cells in tumors. However, a repolarization of TAM toward a more antitumor phenotype may be more elegant and may yield stronger effects on tumor growth. In this respect, several aspects of TAM behavior could be altered, such as their intratumoral localization, metabolism and regulatory pathways. Intervention strategies could include the use of small molecules but also new generations of biologicals which may complement the current success of immune checkpoint blockers. This review highlights current work on the search for new therapeutic targets in TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bonelli
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xenia Geeraerts
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Evangelia Bolli
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jiri Keirsse
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mate Kiss
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Rita Pombo Antunes
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helena Van Damme
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen De Vlaminck
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
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394
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Ooft ML, van Ipenburg JA, Sanders ME, Kranendonk M, Hofland I, de Bree R, Koljenović S, Willems SM. Prognostic role of tumour-associated macrophages and regulatory T cells in EBV-positive and EBV-negative nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2017; 71:267-274. [PMID: 28877959 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) form a special niche supporting tumour progression, and both correlate with worse survival in head and neck cancers. However, the prognostic role of TAM and Tregs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still unknown. Therefore, we determined differences in TAMs and Tregs in different NPC subtypes, and their prognostic significance. METHODS Tissue of 91 NPCs was assessed for TAMs and Tregs by determination of CD68, CD163, CD206 and FOXP3 expression in the tumour microenvironment. Clinicopathological correlations were assessed using Pearson X2 test, Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test. Survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. RESULTS CD68 and FOXP3 counts were higher in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive NPC, while CD68-/FOXP3-, CD163+/FOXP3- and CD206+/FOXP3- infiltrates were more common in EBV-negative NPC. In the whole NPC group, CD68-/FOXP3- correlated with worse overall survival (OS), and after multivariate analysis high FOXP3 count showed better OS (HR 0.352, 95% CI 0.128 to 0.968). No difference in M2 counts existed between EBV-positive and negative NPC. CONCLUSIONS FOXP3, a Treg marker, seems to be an independent prognostic factor for better OS in the whole NPC group. Therefore, immune-based therapies targeting Tregs should be carefully evaluated. M2 spectrum macrophages are probably more prominent in EBV-negative NPC with also functional differences compared with EBV-positive NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc L Ooft
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolique A van Ipenburg
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maxime E Sanders
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mariette Kranendonk
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Hofland
- Department of Pathology, Core facility Molecular pathology and Biobanking, Netherlands Cancer Institute Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco de Bree
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Senada Koljenović
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan M Willems
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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395
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396
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Nilendu P, Kumar A, Kumar A, Pal JK, Sharma NK. Breast cancer stem cells as last soldiers eluding therapeutic burn: A hard nut to crack. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:7-17. [PMID: 28722143 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are found in many cancer types, including breast carcinoma. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are considered as seed of cancer formation and they are associated with metastasis and genotoxic drug resistance. Several studies highlighted the presence of BCSCs in tumor microenvironment and they are accentuated with several carcinoma events including metastasis and resistance to genotoxic drugs and they also rebound after genotoxic burn. Stemness properties of a small population of cells in carcinoma have provided clues regarding the role of tumor microenvironment in tumor pathophysiology. Hence, insights in cancer stem cell biology with respect to molecular signaling, genetics and epigenetic behavior of CSCs have been used to modulate tumor drug resistance due to genotoxic drugs and signaling protein inhibitors. This review summarizes major scientific breakthroughs in understanding the contribution of BCSCs towards tumor's capability to endure destruction inflicted by molecular as well as genotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritish Nilendu
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
| | - Azad Kumar
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
| | - Jayanta K Pal
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
| | - Nilesh Kumar Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
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397
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Groner B, von Manstein V. Jak Stat signaling and cancer: Opportunities, benefits and side effects of targeted inhibition. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 451:1-14. [PMID: 28576744 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Jak Stat signaling and the persistent activation of Stat3 and Stat5 on tumor cell survival, proliferation and invasion have made the Jak Stat pathway a favorite target for drug development and cancer therapy. This notion was strengthened when additional biological functions of Stat signaling in cancer and their roles in the regulation of cytokine dependent inflammation and immunity in the tumor microenvironment were discovered. Stats act not only as transcriptional inducers, but affect gene expression via epigenetic modifications, induce epithelial mesenchymal transition, generate a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment, promote cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, and help to establish the pre-metastatic niche formation. The effects of Jak Stat inhibition on the suppression of pro-inflammatory responses appears most promising and could become a strategy in the prevention of tumor progression. The direct and mediated mechanisms of Jak Stat signaling in and on tumors cells, the interactions with other signaling pathways and transcription factors and the targeting of the functionally crucial secondary modifications of Stat molecules suggest novel approaches to the future development of Jak Stat based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Groner
- Georg Speyer Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Paul Ehrlich Str. 42, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Viktoria von Manstein
- Georg Speyer Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Paul Ehrlich Str. 42, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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398
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Shen Q, Cohen B, Zheng W, Rahbar R, Martin B, Murakami K, Lamorte S, Thompson P, Berman H, Zúñiga-Pflücker JC, Ohashi PS, Reedijk M. Notch Shapes the Innate Immunophenotype in Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1320-1335. [PMID: 28790030 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Notch activation, which is associated with basal-like breast cancer (BLBC), normally directs tissue patterning, suggesting that it may shape the tumor microenvironment. Here, we show that Notch in tumor cells regulates the expression of two powerful proinflammatory cytokines, IL1β and CCL2, and the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Notch also regulates TGFβ-mediated activation of tumor cells by TAMs, closing a Notch-dependent paracrine signaling loop between these two cell types. We use a mouse model in which Notch can be regulated in spontaneous mammary carcinoma to confirm that IL1β and CCL2 production, and macrophage recruitment are Notch-dependent. In human disease, expression array analyses demonstrate a striking association between Notch activation, IL1β and CCL2 production, macrophage infiltration, and BLBC. These findings place Notch at the nexus of a vicious cycle of macrophage infiltration and amplified cytokine secretion and provide immunotherapeutic opportunities in BLBC.Significance: BLBC is aggressive and has an unmet need for effective targeted treatment. Our data highlight immunotherapeutic opportunities in Notch-activated BLBC. Effective IL1β and CCL2 antagonists are currently in clinical review to treat benign inflammatory disease, and their transition to the cancer clinic could have a rapid impact. Cancer Discov; 7(11); 1320-35. ©2017 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shen
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Cohen
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Weiyue Zheng
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ramtin Rahbar
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard Martin
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiichi Murakami
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Lamorte
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrycja Thompson
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hal Berman
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Reedijk
- Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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399
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Weiss ID, Huff LM, Evbuomwan MO, Xu X, Dang HD, Velez DS, Singh SP, Zhang HH, Gardina PJ, Lee JH, Lindenberg L, Myers TG, Paik CH, Schrump DS, Pittaluga S, Choyke PL, Fojo T, Farber JM. Screening of cancer tissue arrays identifies CXCR4 on adrenocortical carcinoma: correlates with expression and quantification on metastases using 64Cu-plerixafor PET. Oncotarget 2017; 8:73387-73406. [PMID: 29088715 PMCID: PMC5650270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by many cancers correlates with aggressive clinical behavior. As part of the initial studies in a project whose goal was to quantify CXCR4 expression on cancers non-invasively, we examined CXCR4 expression in cancer samples by immunohistochemistry using a validated anti-CXCR4 antibody. Among solid tumors, we found expression of CXCR4 on significant percentages of major types of kidney, lung, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and, notably, on metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. We found particularly high expression of CXCR4 on adrenocortical cancer (ACC) metastases. Microarrays of ACC metastases revealed correlations between expression of CXCR4 and other chemokine system genes, particularly CXCR7/ACKR3, which encodes an atypical chemokine receptor that shares a ligand, CXCL12, with CXCR4. A first-in-human study using 64Cu-plerixafor for PET in an ACC patient prior to resection of metastases showed heterogeneity among metastatic nodules and good correlations among PET SUVs, CXCR4 staining, and CXCR4 mRNA. Additionally, we were able to show that CXCR4 expression correlated with the rates of growth of the pulmonary lesions in this patient. Further studies are needed to understand better the role of CXCR4 in ACC and whether targeting it may be beneficial. In this regard, non-invasive methods for assessing CXCR4 expression, such as PET using 64Cu-plerixafor, should be important investigative tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido D Weiss
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lyn M Huff
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Moses O Evbuomwan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hong Duc Dang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Velez
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Satya P Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongwei H Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul J Gardina
- Genomic Technologies Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liza Lindenberg
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy G Myers
- Genomic Technologies Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chang H Paik
- Radiopharmaceutical Laboratory, Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic and GI Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tito Fojo
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua M Farber
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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400
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Pestell TG, Jiao X, Kumar M, Peck AR, Prisco M, Deng S, Li Z, Ertel A, Casimiro MC, Ju X, Di Rocco A, Di Sante G, Katiyar S, Shupp A, Lisanti MP, Jain P, Wu K, Rui H, Hooper DC, Yu Z, Goldman AR, Speicher DW, Laury-Kleintop L, Pestell RG. Stromal cyclin D1 promotes heterotypic immune signaling and breast cancer growth. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81754-81775. [PMID: 29137220 PMCID: PMC5669846 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclin D1 gene encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that drives cell autonomous cell cycle progression and proliferation. Herein we show cyclin D1 abundance is increased >30-fold in the stromal fibroblasts of patients with invasive breast cancer, associated with poor outcome. Cyclin D1 transformed hTERT human fibroblast to a cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype. Stromal fibroblast expression of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1Stroma) in vivo, enhanced breast epithelial cancer tumor growth, restrained apoptosis, and increased autophagy. Cyclin D1Stroma had profound effects on the breast tumor microenvironment increasing the recruitment of F4/80+ and CD11b+ macrophages and increasing angiogenesis. Cyclin D1Stroma induced secretion of factors that promoted expansion of stem cells (breast stem-like cells, embryonic stem cells and bone marrow derived stem cells). Cyclin D1Stroma resulted in increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (CCL2, CCL7, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL12), CSF (CSF1, GM-CSF1) and osteopontin (OPN) (30-fold). OPN was induced by cyclin D1 in fibroblasts, breast epithelial cells and in the murine transgenic mammary gland and OPN was sufficient to induce stem cell expansion. These results demonstrate that cyclin D1Stroma drives tumor microenvironment heterocellular signaling, promoting several key hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Pestell
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xuanmao Jiao
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy R Peck
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Marco Prisco
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shengqiong Deng
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Ertel
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathew C Casimiro
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Ju
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Agnese Di Rocco
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Gabriele Di Sante
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Sanjay Katiyar
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alison Shupp
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Environment and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Salford, Salford, Greater Manchester, England, UK
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Molecular Medicine & Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hallgeir Rui
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Douglas C Hooper
- Department of Microbiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Bluemle Life Sciences Building, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aaron R Goldman
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David W Speicher
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Richard G Pestell
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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