351
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Weaver SR, Peralta-Herrera E, Torres HM, Jessen E, Bradley EW, Westendorf JJ. Phlpp1 alters the murine chondrocyte phospho-proteome during endochondral bone formation. Bone 2024:117265. [PMID: 39349089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Appendicular skeletal growth and bone mass acquisition are controlled by a variety of growth factors, hormones, and mechanical forces in a dynamic process called endochondral ossification. In long bones, chondrocytes in the growth plate proliferate and undergo hypertrophy to drive bone lengthening and mineralization. Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and leucine rich repeat phosphatase 1 and 2 (Phlpp1 and Phlpp2) are serine/threonine protein phosphatases that regulate cell proliferation, survival, and maturation via Akt, PKC, Raf1, S6k, and other intracellular signaling cascades. Germline deletion of Phlpp1 suppresses bone lengthening in growth plate chondrocytes. Here, we demonstrate that Phlpp2 does not regulate endochondral ossification, and we define the molecular differences between Phlpp1 and Phlpp2 in chondrocytes. Phlpp2-/- mice are phenotypically indistinguishable from their wildtype (WT) littermates, with similar bone length, bone mass, and growth plate dynamics. Deletion of Phlpp2 had moderate effects on the chondrocyte transcriptome and proteome compared to WT cells. By contrast, Phlpp1/2-/- (double knockout) mice resembled Phlpp1-/- mice phenotypically and molecularly, as the chondrocyte phospho-proteomes of Phlpp1-/- and Phlpp1/2-/- chondrocytes had similarities and were significantly different from WT and Phlpp2-/- chondrocyte phospho-proteomes. Data integration via multiparametric analysis showed that the transcriptome explained less variation in the data as a result of Phlpp1 or Phlpp2 deletion than proteome or phospho-proteome. Alterations in cell proliferation, collagen fibril organization, and Pdpk1 and Pak1/2 signaling pathways were identified in chondrocytes lacking Phlpp1, while cell cycle processes and Akt1 and Aurka signaling pathways were altered in chondrocytes lacking Phlpp2. These data demonstrate that Phlpp1, and to a lesser extent Phlpp2, regulate multiple and complex signaling cascades across the chondrocyte transcriptome, proteome, and phospho-proteome and that multi-omic data integration can reveal novel putative kinase targets that regulate endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Weaver
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Haydee M Torres
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Erik Jessen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth W Bradley
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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352
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Rani M, Akhilesh, Chouhan D, Uniyal A, Tiwari V. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation-Mediated Rebalancing of the Gut-Brain Axis Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39329364 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) presents a significant challenge in cancer treatment, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. The intricate relationship between CINP and the gut-brain axis indicates a crucial role for the gut microbiota in pain modulation during cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the effect of gut microbiota and their modulation on CINP in rats. Cisplatin administration (20 mg/kg, ip) disrupted the integrity of the blood-spinal cord barrier, as evidenced by reduced expression of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5 and increased leakage of pro-inflammatory cytokines into the spinal cord. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT, 0.5 mL of P.O.) from healthy rats over 21 days restored barrier integrity, as confirmed by Evan's blue assay. FMT intervention halted the progression of cisplatin-induced pain, demonstrated through a battery of pain assays assessing mechanical, thermal, and cold allodynia alongside hyperalgesia measurements. Additionally, FMT treatment reduced oxidative stress and modulated neuro-inflammatory markers, resulting in a rebalanced cytokine profile with decreased levels of neuro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNFα) and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Gut microbiota-mediated IL-1β/NF-κB signaling emerged as a critical factor in leukocyte recruitment and microglial activation, highlighting the gut-brain axis as a key regulatory nexus in managing cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting gut microbiota modulation as a promising strategy for alleviating CINP and improving the well-being of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousmi Rani
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Chouhan
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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353
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Hanna R, Graur A, Sinclair P, Mckiver BD, Bos PD, Damaj MI, Kabbani N. Proteomic analysis of dorsal root ganglia in a mouse model of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306498. [PMID: 39331687 PMCID: PMC11432834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug widely used for the treatment of various cancers based on its ability to potently stabilize cellular microtubules and block division in cancer cells. Paclitaxel-based treatment, however, accumulates in peripheral system sensory neurons and leads to a high incidence rate (over 50%) of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy in patients. Using an established preclinical model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN), we examined proteomic changes in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of adult male mice that were treated with paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, at 4 injections every other day) relative to vehicle-treated mice. High throughput proteomics based on liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry identified 165 significantly altered proteins in lumbar DRG. Gene ontology enrichment and bioinformatic analysis revealed an effect of paclitaxel on pathways for mitochondrial regulation, axonal function, and inflammatory purinergic signaling as well as microtubule activity. These findings provide insight into molecular mechanisms that can contribute to PIPN in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hanna
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Alexandru Graur
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Patricia Sinclair
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Bryan D Mckiver
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Paula D Bos
- Department of Pathology, Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - M Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Nadine Kabbani
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
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354
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Mallawarachchi S, Cebecioglu RE, Althumayri M, Beker L, Fernando S, Ceylan Koydemir H. Systematic design and evaluation of aptamers for VEGF and PlGF biomarkers of Preeclampsia. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 39334133 PMCID: PMC11428563 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a potentially life-threatening condition for both mother and baby, characterized by hypertension and potential organ damage. Early diagnosis is crucial to mitigate its adverse health effects. Traditional diagnostic methods, which focus on late-manifesting symptoms like hypertension and proteinuria, underscore the need for molecular diagnostic approaches for timely detection. This study successfully designs and evaluates novel aptamers with high specificity and affinity for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Placental Growth Factor (PlGF), biomarkers closely associated with preeclampsia. Using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and BioLayer Interferometry (BLI), we identified aptamers that demonstrated strong binding affinities, comparable or superior to traditional antibodies. Our findings suggest that these aptamers have the potential to be integrated into cost-effective, point-of-care diagnostic tools, significantly improving early detection and intervention strategies for preeclampsia. The robust performance of these aptamers marks a pivotal step toward the development of more reliable and accessible diagnostic solutions, with implications for better maternal and fetal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samavath Mallawarachchi
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rümeysa E Cebecioglu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
- Medical Laboratory Techniques, Health Services of Vocational School, Kent University, Istanbul, 34333, Turkey
| | - Majed Althumayri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Levent Beker
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
| | - Sandun Fernando
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hatice Ceylan Koydemir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
- Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems, Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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355
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Shao J, Chen J, Ke RX, Huang CH, Tang TS, Liu ZS, Mao JY, Huang R, Zhu BZ. Enantioselectively Generating Imidazolone dIz by the Chiral DNA Intercalating and "Light-switching" Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complex via a Novel Flash-quench Method. Free Radic Biol Med 2024:S0891-5849(24)00692-0. [PMID: 39343181 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The 2-aminoimidazolone is a major and ubiquitous in vitro product of guanine oxidation. The flash-quench method, combining spectroscopy and product analysis, offers a novel and tunable approach to study guanine oxidation on double helical DNA. Herein we found that imidazolone dIz (2-amino-5-[(2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)amino]-4H-imidazol-4-one) and dZ (2,2-diamino-5-[2-deoxy-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)amino]-5(2H)-oxazolone) were the major oxidation products of double-strand DNA from the visible-light irradiation of the well-known DNA intercalating and light-switching Ru(OP)2dppz2+ (OP = 1,10-phenanthroline, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) in the presence of a typical quencher methyl viologen (MV2+). Using ESR spin-trapping method, the radical intermediate MV•+ with typical hyperfine pattern was detected which indicated the successful formation of the corresponding Ru3+ intercalated oxidant. The formation of dIz and dZ decreased markedly with the addition of nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT), a typical O2•- reactant. With a more specific and highly sensitive O2•- probe CT02-H, its ESR signal decayed rapidly in the presence of Ru(OP)2dppz2+ and MV2+, suggesting that O2•- was indeed produced. More interestingly, enantio-selective generation of oxidation products from dsDNA was observed with the two chiral forms of Ru(OP)2dppz2+. This represents the first report that the flash-quench technique with MV2+ as the quencher can oxidize dsDNA effectively to form dIz and dZ via the Ru3+/O2•- mediated mechanism. Our new findings provide a novel method to generate two radicals simultaneously, G(-H)• and O2•-, in close proximity to one another in dsDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Ruo-Xian Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Tian-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Jiao-Yan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology, Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
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356
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Qiu C, Sun N, Zeng S, Chen L, Gong F, Tian J, Xiong Y, Peng L, He H, Ming Y. Unveiling the therapeutic promise of EphA2 in glioblastoma: a comprehensive review. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:501. [PMID: 39331302 PMCID: PMC11436538 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a primary brain tumor, exhibits remarkable invasiveness and is characterized by its intricate location, infiltrative behavior, the presence of both the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), phenotypic diversity, an immunosuppressive microenvironment with limited development yet rich vascularity, as well as the resistant nature of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) towards traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. These formidable factors present substantial obstacles in the quest for effective GBM treatments. Following extensive research spanning three decades, the hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) receptor tyrosine kinase has emerged as a promising molecular target with translational potential in the realm of cancer therapy. Numerous compounds aimed at targeting EphA2 have undergone rigorous evaluation and clinical investigation. This article provides a comprehensive account of the distinctive roles played by canonical and non-canonical EphA2 signaling in various contexts, while also exploring the involvement of the EphA2-ephrin A1 signaling axis in GBM pathogenesis. Additionally, the review offers an overview of completed clinical trials targeting EphA2 for GBM treatment, shedding light on both the prospects and challenges associated with EphA2-directed interventions in the domain of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caohang Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilong Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilei Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ming
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
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357
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Yang L, Niu Z, Ma Z, Wu X, Vong CT, Li G, Feng Y. Exploring the clinical implications and applications of exosomal miRNAs in gliomas: a comprehensive study. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:323. [PMID: 39334350 PMCID: PMC11437892 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options due to their invasive nature and resistance to current therapeutic modalities. Research suggests that exosomal microRNAs have emerged as key players in intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment, influencing tumor progression and therapeutic responses. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, are crucial in glioma development, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and immune evasion by binding to target genes. This comprehensive review examines the clinical relevance and implications of exosomal miRNAs in gliomas, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets and prognosis biomarker. Additionally, we also discuss the limitations of current exsomal miRNA treatments and address challenges and propose future directions for leveraging exosomal miRNAs in precision oncology for glioma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Niu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixuan Ma
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojie Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ge Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510100, China.
| | - Ying Feng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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358
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Kosaki Y, Nishizawa D, Hasegawa J, Yoshida K, Ikeda K, Ichinohe T. γ-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor β1 subunit gene polymorphisms are associated with the sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam. Mol Brain 2024; 17:70. [PMID: 39334212 PMCID: PMC11428381 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Midazolam is widely used for intravenous sedation. However, wide interindividual variability is seen in the sensitivity to midazolam. The association between genetic factors and interindividual differences in midazolam sensitivity remains unclear. The present study explored the association between common genetic variants and sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam. This prospective study included patients who were scheduled to undergo dental procedures under intravenous sedation. The sedative effect was evaluated using the Ramsay sedation scale 5 min after midazolam (0.05 mg/kg) administration. We employed two parallel approaches in this study: genome-wide approach and candidate gene approach. The γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit genes were selected as candidate genes. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between the Ramsay sedation scale and genetic variants. We also analyzed the association between the presence of anterograde amnesia and genetic variants using multivariate binominal logistic regression analyses. The analyses were adjusted for potential confounding factors. A total of 191 patients were included in the analyses. In the genome-wide association analyses, no significant association was found between the genetic variants and Ramsay scores. In the candidate gene analyses, the rs73247636 (dominant model: β = 0.72 [95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 1.10], P < 0.001) and rs56278524 (dominant model: β = 0.73 [0.37 to 1.10], P < 0.001) polymorphisms of the GABRB1 gene were significantly associated with Ramsay scores. Additionally, the rs73247636 (dominant model: odds ratio [OR] = 8.39 [2.36 to 29.85], P = 0.001) and rs56278524 (dominant model: OR = 15.26 [3.42 to 68.07], P < 0.001) polymorphisms were also significantly associated with the presence of anterograde amnesia. The rs73247636 and rs56278524 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of GABRB1 were associated with the sedative and amnesic effects of midazolam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Kosaki
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda- Misakicho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nishizawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Junko Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kaori Yoshida
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda- Misakicho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Addictive Substance Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Ichinohe
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda- Misakicho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-0061, Japan
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359
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Lichtenstein L, Cheng CW, Bajarwan M, Evans EL, Gaunt HJ, Bartoli F, Chuntharpursat-Bon E, Patel S, Konstantinou C, Futers TS, Reay M, Parsonage G, Moore JB, Bertrand-Michel J, Sukumar P, Roberts LD, Beech DJ. Endothelial force sensing signals to parenchymal cells to regulate bile and plasma lipids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadq3075. [PMID: 39331703 PMCID: PMC11430402 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adq3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
How cardiovascular activity interacts with lipid homeostasis is incompletely understood. We postulated a role for blood flow acting at endothelium in lipid regulatory organs. Transcriptome analysis was performed on livers from mice engineered for deletion of the flow-sensing PIEZO1 channel in endothelium. This revealed unique up-regulation of Cyp7a1, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme for bile synthesis from cholesterol in hepatocytes. Consistent with this effect were increased gallbladder and plasma bile acids and lowered hepatic and plasma cholesterol. Elevated portal fluid flow acting via endothelial PIEZO1 and genetically enhanced PIEZO1 conversely suppressed Cyp7a1. Activation of hepatic endothelial PIEZO1 channels promoted phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3, and portal flow-mediated suppression of Cyp7a1 depended on nitric oxide synthesis, suggesting endothelium-to-hepatocyte coupling via nitric oxide. PIEZO1 variants in people were associated with hepatobiliary disease and dyslipidemia. The data suggest an endothelial force sensing mechanism that controls lipid regulation in parenchymal cells to modulate whole-body lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laeticia Lichtenstein
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chew W. Cheng
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Muath Bajarwan
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | | | - Fiona Bartoli
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Shaili Patel
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Charalampos Konstantinou
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | | | - Melanie Reay
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - J. Bernadette Moore
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- MetaToul-Lipidomics Facility, INSERM UMR1048, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Lee D. Roberts
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David J. Beech
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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360
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Jin X, Lou X, Qi H, Zheng C, Li B, Siwu X, Liu R, Lv Q, Zhao A, Ruan J, Jiang M. NRF2 signaling plays an essential role in cancer progression through the NRF2-GPX2-NOTCH3 axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:35. [PMID: 39333079 PMCID: PMC11437035 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been observed in various cancers. Yet its exact contribution to the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains undetermined. We previously found that NRF2 signaling is critical for the differentiation of squamous basal progenitor cells, while disruption of NRF2 causes basal cell hyperplasia. In this study, we revealed a correlation between elevated NRF2 activity and poor outcomes in HNSCC patients. We demonstrated that NRF2 facilitates tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion, as evidenced by both in vitro and in vivo studies. Significantly, NRF2 augments the expression of the antioxidant enzyme GPX2, thereby enhancing the proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties of HNSCC cells. Activation of GPX2 is critical for sustaining cancer stem cells (CSCs) by up-regulating NOTCH3, a key driver of cancer progression. These results elucidate that NRF2 regulates HNSCC progression through the NRF2-GPX2-NOTCH3 axis. Our findings proposed that pharmacological targeting of the NRF2-GPX2-NOTCH3 axis could be a potential therapeutic approach against HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Jin
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiayuan Lou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoxiang Qi
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuerong Siwu
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoli Lv
- Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - An Zhao
- Institute of Cancer Research, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Center for Genetic Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University International School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic & Developmental Disorders, Hangzhou, China.
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361
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Montiel I, Bello-Medina PC, Prado-Alcalá RA, Quirarte GL, Verdín-Ruvalcaba LA, Marín-Juárez TA, Medina AC. Involvement of kinases in memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance training. Rev Neurosci 2024:revneuro-2024-0093. [PMID: 39323086 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
The inhibitory avoidance (IA) task is a paradigm widely used to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the formation of long-term memory of aversive experiences. In this review, we discuss studies on different brain structures in rats associated with memory consolidation, such as the hippocampus, striatum, and amygdala, as well as some cortical areas, including the insular, cingulate, entorhinal, parietal and prefrontal cortex. These studies have shown that IA training triggers the release of neurotransmitters, hormones, growth factors, etc., that activate intracellular signaling pathways related to protein kinases, which induce intracellular non-genomic changes or transcriptional mechanisms in the nucleus, leading to the synthesis of proteins. We have summarized the temporal dynamics and crosstalk among protein kinase A, protein kinase C, mitogen activated protein kinase, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II described in the hippocampus. Protein kinase activity has been associated with structural changes and synaptic strengthening, resulting in memory storage. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in intense IA training, which protects memory from typical amnestic treatments, such as protein synthesis inhibitors, and induces increased spinogenesis, suggesting an unexplored mechanism independent of the genomic pathway. This highly emotional experience causes an extinction-resistant memory, as has been observed in some pathological states such as post-traumatic stress disorder. We propose that the changes in spinogenesis observed after intense IA training could be generated by protein kinases via non-genomic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Montiel
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Neural Circuits for Spatial Navigation and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, F-75015, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Paola C Bello-Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Altos de Santa Helena, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Roberto A Prado-Alcalá
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
| | - Gina L Quirarte
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
| | - Luis A Verdín-Ruvalcaba
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
| | - Tzitzi A Marín-Juárez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
| | - Andrea C Medina
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico
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362
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Stoumpos S, Crowe K, Sarafidis P, Barratt J, Bolignano D, Del Vecchio L, Małyszko J, Więcek A, Ortiz A, Cozzolino M. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors for anaemia in chronic kidney disease: a clinical practice document by the European Renal Best Practice board of the European Renal Association. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:1710-1730. [PMID: 38573822 PMCID: PMC11427073 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with poor long-term outcomes and quality of life. The use of supplemental iron, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and blood transfusions has been the mainstay for treatment of anaemia in CKD for more than 3 decades. Despite available treatments, CKD patients with anaemia are undertreated and moderate-severe anaemia remains prevalent in the CKD population. Anaemia has consistently been associated with greater mortality, hospitalization, cardiovascular events and CKD progression in CKD patients, and the risk increases with anaemia severity. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase (PH) inhibitors have a novel mechanism of action by mimicking the body's response to hypoxia and have emerged as an alternative to ESAs for treatment of anaemia in CKD. Their efficacy in correcting and maintaining haemoglobin has been demonstrated in >30 phase 3 clinical trials. Additionally, HIF activation results in various pleiotropic effects beyond erythropoiesis, with cholesterol reduction and improved iron homeostasis and potential anti-inflammatory effects. The long-term safety of these agents, particularly with respect to cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, and their possible effect on tumour growth needs to be fully elucidated. This article presents in detail the effects of HIF-PH inhibitors, describes their mechanisms of action and pharmacologic properties and discusses their place in the treatment of anaemia in CKD according to the available evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Stoumpos
- Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kirsty Crowe
- Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pantelis Sarafidis
- 1st Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessalonki, Greece
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology Unit, "Magna-Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Del Vecchio
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Sant' Anna Hospital, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
| | - Jolanta Małyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Więcek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Spain, RICORS2040, Spain
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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363
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Li Q, Li H, Zhu R, Cho WCS, Yao X, Leung FP, Tse G, Leung LK, Wong WT. TRPV2 calcium channel promotes breast cancer progression potential by activating autophagy. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:324. [PMID: 39334351 PMCID: PMC11438410 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most prevalent and aggressive tumor affecting women, requires identification of disease determinants to facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2), an ion channel highly permeable for calcium (Ca2+), is implicated in physiological and pathological processes. Nevertheless, the role of TRPV2 in breast cancer remains poorly elucidated. In this study, we found high levels of TRPV2 expression associated with advanced malignancy, thereby suggesting its potential as a biomarker for breast cancer staging. We demonstrated that TRPV2 activation promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while silencing of TRPV2 suppresses breast cancer progression, highlighting the oncogenic role of TRPV2. Moreover, we reveal that TRPV2 facilitates cancer progression by modulating the CaMKKβ/AMPK/ULK1-autophagic axis through mediating calcium influx, providing new insights into TRPV2 as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huixian Li
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ruiwen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - William Chi Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Fung Ping Leung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Gary Tse
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Lai Kwok Leung
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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364
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Everett WH, Bucelli RC. Tofersen for SOD1 ALS. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39330700 DOI: 10.1080/17582024.2024.2402216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative condition affecting the motor system. The heterogenous nature of ALS complicates trial design. Genetic forms of ALS present an opportunity to intervene in a less heterogeneous population. ALS associated with gain of function mutations in SOD1 make 'knock-down' strategies an attractive therapeutic approach. Tofersen, an antisense oligonucleotide that reduces expression of SOD1 via RNAase mediated degradation of SOD1 mRNA, has shown robust effects on ALS biomarkers. While a Phase III trial of tofersen failed to meet its primary end point, open label extension data suggests that tofersen slows progression of SOD1 ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Everett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert C Bucelli
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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365
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Lopalco G, Vescovo SD, Morrone M, Cito A, Fornaro M, Capparelli E, Cela E, Chimenti MS, Iannone F. Neuropathic pain in spondyloarthritis: Decoding its prevalence, risk factors, and impact on disease activity. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 69:152557. [PMID: 39357168 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of neuropathic pain in patients with various subtypes of spondyloarthritis (SpA), including axial SpA (axSpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and undifferentiated peripheral SpA (p-SpA). Additionally, the study sought to identify potential risk factors associated with the presence or severity of neuropathic pain and to investigate its impact on clinical disease activity assessment. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study at two tertiary rheumatology centers, enrolling patients diagnosed with SpA. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and current therapies were collected. Neuropathic pain was assessed using the PainDETECT Questionnaire (PD-Q) and the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson's correlations to evaluate the relationships between neuropathic pain scores and clinical disease activity indices. RESULTS The study included 177 patients. Of these, 22.2% had a PD-Q score ≥19, showing a high likelihood of neuropathic pain, while 64.9% scored ≤12, suggesting the absence of significant neuropathic components. The mean PD-Q score was 11.5 ± 10.1. Subgroup analyses showed that females had significantly higher scores for paroxysmal and evoked pain (p < 0.05), and obese patients had significantly higher scores across all NPSI subscores (p < 0.05). Moderate positive correlations were found between neuropathic pain scores and clinical disease activity indices, such as DAPSA (r = 0.46, p < 0.0001) and ASDAS-CRP (r = 0.42, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Neuropathic pain is prevalent among patients with SpA and is significantly associated with disease activity assessments and management. This study highlights the importance of integrating neuropathic pain evaluation into the clinical assessment of SpA to tailor treatment approaches effectively and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lopalco
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy.
| | - Sergio Del Vescovo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Morrone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Cito
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Fornaro
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Capparelli
- Reumatology, allergology and clinical immunology University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eneida Cela
- Reumatology, allergology and clinical immunology University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Sole Chimenti
- Reumatology, allergology and clinical immunology University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), Bari, Italy
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366
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Li Y, Luo W, Meng C, Shi K, Gu R, Cui S. Exosomes as promising bioactive materials in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:335. [PMID: 39334506 PMCID: PMC11438208 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03952-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have permanent devastating motor and sensory disabilities. Secondary SCI is known for its complex progression and presents with sophisticated aberrant inflammation, vascular changes, and secondary cellular dysfunction, which aggravate the primary damage. Since their initial discovery, the potent neuroprotective effects and powerful delivery abilities of exosomes (Exos) have been reported in different research fields, including SCI. In this study, we summarize therapeutic advances related to the application of Exos in preclinical animal studies. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of action of Exos derived from diverse cell types, including neurogenesis, angiogenesis, blood-spinal cord barrier preservation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammatory potential. We also evaluate the relationship between the Exo delivery cargo and signaling pathways. Finally, we discuss the challenges and advantages of using Exos to offer innovative insights regarding the development of efficient clinical strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Chuikai Meng
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Kaiyuan Shi
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China.
| | - Shusen Cui
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve Injury and Regeneration of Jilin Province, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, P.R. China.
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367
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Prange S, Thobois S. Imaging of impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024:S0035-3787(24)00596-4. [PMID: 39341756 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICD) are frequent and cumbersome behavioral disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding their pathophysiological underpinnings is crucial. Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) clearly indicates preexisting vulnerability and abnormal sensitization of the pre- and postsynaptic dopaminergic system. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reveal abnormal connectivity within the reward system involving the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex. These alterations pinpoint the dysfunction of reinforcement learning in ICD, which is biased toward the overvaluation of reward and underestimation of risk, and the deficit in inhibitory control mechanisms related to abnormal connectivity within and between the limbic and the associative and motor networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prange
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Department of Neurology C, Expert Parkinson Center NS-PARK/FCRIN, Bron, France; CRNL Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, PATHPARK, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, Bron, France; Université Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud Charles-Mérieux, Oullins, France.
| | - S Thobois
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Wertheimer Neurological Hospital, Department of Neurology C, Expert Parkinson Center NS-PARK/FCRIN, Bron, France; CRNL Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, PATHPARK, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, Bron, France; Université Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud Charles-Mérieux, Oullins, France
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368
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Ardini M, Aboagye SY, Petukhova VZ, Kastrati I, Ippoliti R, Thatcher GRJ, Petukhov PA, Williams DL, Angelucci F. The "Doorstop Pocket" In Thioredoxin Reductases─An Unexpected Druggable Regulator of the Catalytic Machinery. J Med Chem 2024; 67:15947-15967. [PMID: 39250602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductases are underexplored as drug targets, and thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) stand out as compelling pharmacological targets. Selective TrxR inhibition is challenging primarily due to the reliance on covalent inhibition strategies. Recent studies identified a regulatory and druggable pocket in Schistosoma mansoni thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR), a TrxR-like enzyme, and an established drug target for schistosomiasis. This site is termed the "doorstop pocket" because compounds that bind there impede the movement of an aromatic side-chain necessary for the entry and exit of NADPH and NADP+ during enzymatic turnover. This discovery spearheaded the development of new TGR inhibitors with efficacies surpassing those of current schistosomiasis treatment. Targeting the "doorstop pocket" is a promising strategy, as the pocket is present in all members of the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, opening new avenues for exploring therapeutic approaches in diseases where the importance of these enzymes is established, including cancer and inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ardini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sammy Y Aboagye
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Valentina Z Petukhova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Irida Kastrati
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 60153 Maywood, Illinois 60153, United States
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gregory R J Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Pavel A Petukhov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - David L Williams
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Francesco Angelucci
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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369
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Sun D, Macedonia C, Chen Z, Chandrasekaran S, Najarian K, Zhou S, Cernak T, Ellingrod VL, Jagadish HV, Marini B, Pai M, Violi A, Rech JC, Wang S, Li Y, Athey B, Omenn GS. Can Machine Learning Overcome the 95% Failure Rate and Reality that Only 30% of Approved Cancer Drugs Meaningfully Extend Patient Survival? J Med Chem 2024; 67:16035-16055. [PMID: 39253942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Despite implementing hundreds of strategies, cancer drug development suffers from a 95% failure rate over 30 years, with only 30% of approved cancer drugs extending patient survival beyond 2.5 months. Adding more criteria without eliminating nonessential ones is impractical and may fall into the "survivorship bias" trap. Machine learning (ML) models may enhance efficiency by saving time and cost. Yet, they may not improve success rate without identifying the root causes of failure. We propose a "STAR-guided ML system" (structure-tissue/cell selectivity-activity relationship) to enhance success rate and efficiency by addressing three overlooked interdependent factors: potency/specificity to the on/off-targets determining efficacy in tumors at clinical doses, on/off-target-driven tissue/cell selectivity influencing adverse effects in the normal organs at clinical doses, and optimal clinical doses balancing efficacy/safety as determined by potency/specificity and tissue/cell selectivity. STAR-guided ML models can directly predict clinical dose/efficacy/safety from five features to design/select the best drugs, enhancing success and efficiency of cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhigang Chen
- LabBotics.ai, Palo Alto, California 94303, United States
| | | | | | - Simon Zhou
- Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Li
- Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, New Jersey 07901, United States
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Alammari AH, Isse FA, O'Croinin C, Davies NM, El-Kadi AOS. Effect of Cannabistilbene I in Attenuating Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy: Insights into Cytochrome P450s and Arachidonic Acid Metabolites Modulation. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024. [PMID: 39324890 DOI: 10.1089/can.2024.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This research investigated the impact of Cannabistilbene I on Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and its potential role in cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathways. Cardiac hypertrophy, a response to increased stress on the heart, can lead to severe cardiovascular diseases if not managed effectively. CYP enzymes and AA metabolites play critical roles in cardiac function and hypertrophy, making them important targets for therapeutic intervention. Methods: Adult human ventricular cardiomyocyte cell line (AC16) was cultured and treated with Cannabistilbene I in the presence and absence of Ang II. The effects on mRNA expression related to cardiac hypertrophic markers and CYP were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction, while CYP protein levels were measured by Western blot analysis. AA metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: Results showed that Ang II triggered hypertrophy, as evidenced by the increase in hypertrophic marker expression, and enlarged the cell surface area, effects that were alleviated by Cannabistilbene I. Gene expression analysis indicated that Cannabistilbene I upregulated CYP1A1, leading to increased enzymatic activity, as evidenced by 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase assay. Furthermore, LC-MS/MS analysis of AA metabolites revealed that Ang II elevated midchain (R/S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) concentrations, which were reduced by Cannabistilbene I. Notably, Cannabistilbene I selectively increased 19(S)-HETE concentration and reversed the Ang II-induced decline in 19(S)-HETE, suggesting a unique protective role. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the potential of Cannabistilbene I in modulating AA metabolites and reducing Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, revealing a new candidate as a therapeutic agent for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Alammari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Fadumo Ahmed Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Conor O'Croinin
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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371
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Zheng H, Li T, Hu Z, Zheng Q, Wang J. The potential of flavonoids to mitigate cellular senescence in cardiovascular disease. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10141-7. [PMID: 39325277 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most significant factors affecting cardiovascular health, with cellular senescence being a central hallmark. Senescent cells (SCs) secrete a specific set of signaling molecules known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP has a remarkable impact on age-associated diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Targeting SCs through anti-aging therapies represents a novel strategy to effectively retard senescence and attenuate disease progression. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the flavonoids, widely presented in fruits and vegetables worldwide, can delay or treat CVD via selectively eliminating SCs (senolytics) and modulating SASPs (senomorphics). Nevertheless, only sporadic research has illustrated the application of flavonoids in targeting SCs for CVD, which requires further exploration. This review recapitulates the hallmarks and key molecular mechanisms involved in cellular senescence, then summarizes senescence of different types of cardiac cells and describes the mechanisms by which cellular senescence affects CVD development. The discussion culminates with the potential use of flavonoids via exerting their biological effects on cellular senescence to reduce CVD incidence. This summary will provide valuable insights for cardiovascular drug design, development and clinical applications leveraging flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zheng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Hu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zheng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsong Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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372
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Wei H, Vuorenpää A, Laurila J, Domanskyi A, Koivisto A, Pertovaara A. Indirect involvement of α 2-adrenoceptors in the mechanical antihypersensitivity effect induced by the spinally administered imidazoline I 1 receptor ligand LNP599 in a rat model of experimental neuropathy. Brain Res Bull 2024; 217:111089. [PMID: 39341510 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Here we assess whether neuropathic pain hypersensitivity is attenuated by spinal administration of the imidazoline I1-receptor agonist LNP599 and whether the attenuation involves co-activation of α2-adrenoceptors. Spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathy was used to induce mechanical hypersensitivity in male and female rats with a chronic catheter for intrathecal drug administrations. Mechanical sensitivity and heat nociception were assessed behaviorally in the injured limb. Additionally, GTPγS radioligand binding assay, β-arrestin recruitment and intracellular cAMP levels were used for receptor profiling in vitro. LNP599 (imidazoline I1 receptor agonist) and clonidine (α2-adrenoceptor agonist) produced equal dose-related mechanical antihypersensitivity effects in both sexes. LNP599 attenuated heat nociception preferentially in males, while clonidine reduced heat nociception equally in males and females. Carbophenyline (another imidazoline I1 receptor agonist) had no significant effect on mechanical hypersensitivity or heat nociception in males or females. Mechanical antihypersensitivity and heat antinociception induced by LNP599 in SNI males was prevented by pretreatments with yohimbine or atipamezole (two α2-adrenoceptor antagonists) but not by efaroxan (a mixed imidazoline I1 receptor/α2-adrenoceptor antagonist). In vitro assays indicated that LNP599 does not activate α2A- or other subtypes of α2-adrenoceptors. However, LNP599 was a weak partial agonist for 5-HT2B receptors and bound to sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors that all are involved in modulation of spinal nociception. The results indicate that the suppression of neuropathic pain hypersensitivity by LNP599 is not due to action on spinal imidazoline I1 receptors, but rather due to indirect activation of spinal α2-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Vuorenpää
- Pain Research Unit, Orion Pharma, Orion Corporation, Turku, Finland
| | - Jonne Laurila
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrii Domanskyi
- Pain Research Unit, Orion Pharma, Orion Corporation, Turku, Finland
| | - Ari Koivisto
- Pain Research Unit, Orion Pharma, Orion Corporation, Turku, Finland.
| | - Antti Pertovaara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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373
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Gautheron G, Péraldi-Roux S, Vaillé J, Belhadj S, Patyra A, Bayle M, Youl E, Omhmmed S, Guyot M, Cros G, Guichou JF, Uzan B, Movassat J, Quignard JF, Neasta J, Oiry C. The flavonoid resokaempferol improves insulin secretion from healthy and dysfunctional pancreatic β-cells. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39327688 DOI: 10.1111/bph.17304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pharmacology of flavonoids on β-cell function is largely undefined especially in the context of defective secretion of insulin. We sought to identify flavonoids that increased the insulin-secreting function of β-cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH INS-1 β-cells in culture and islets of Langerhans isolated from control and diabetic male rats were used for insulin secretion experiments. Pharmacological and electrophysiological approaches were used for mechanistic studies. KEY RESULTS Among a set of flavonoids, exposure of INS-1 β-cells to resokaempferol (ResoK) enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and therefore we further characterised its activity and its pharmacological mechanism. ResoK glucose-dependently enhanced insulin secretion in INS-1 β-cells and pancreatic islets isolated from rats. Mechanistically, whole cell patch clamp recordings in INS-1 cells showed that ResoK rapidly and dose-dependently enhanced the L-type Ca2+ current whereas it was inactive towards T-type Ca2+ current. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of L-type Ca2+ current but not T-type Ca2+ current blocked the effects of ResoK on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. ResoK was still active on dysfunctional β-cells as it ameliorated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in glucotoxicity-induced dysfunctional INS-1 cells and in pancreatic islets isolated from diabetic rats. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ResoK is a glucose-dependent activator of insulin secretion. Our results indicated that the effects of ResoK on insulin secretion involved its capacity to stimulate L-type Ca2+ currents in cultured β-cells. As ResoK was also effective on dysfunctional β-cells, our work provides a new approach to stimulating insulin secretion, using compounds based on the structure of ResoK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justine Vaillé
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sahla Belhadj
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrzej Patyra
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Morgane Bayle
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Youl
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Mélanie Guyot
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Cros
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Benjamin Uzan
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Quignard
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Jérémie Neasta
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Oiry
- IBMM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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374
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Bunde TT, Pedra ACK, de Oliveira NR, Dellagostin OA, Bohn TLO. A systematic review on the selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in rodents: are the classics the best choice? Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:1017. [PMID: 39327364 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Rodents are commonly used as animal models in studies investigating various experimental conditions, often requiring gene expression analysis. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is the most widely used tool to quantify target gene expression levels under different experimental conditions in various biological samples. Relative normalization with reference genes is a crucial step in RT-qPCR to obtain reliable quantification results. In this work, the main reference genes used in gene expression studies among the three rodents commonly employed in scientific research-hamster, rat, and mouse-are analyzed and described. An individual literature search for each rodent was conducted using specific search terms in three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 157 articles were selected (rats = 73, mice = 79, and hamsters = 5), identifying various reference genes. The most commonly used reference genes were analyzed according to each rodent, sample type, and experimental condition evaluated, revealing a great variability in the stability of each gene across different samples and conditions. Classic genes, which are expected to be stably expressed in both samples and conditions analyzed, demonstrated greater variability, corroborating existing concerns about the use of these genes. Therefore, this review provides important insights for researchers seeking to identify suitable reference genes for their validation studies in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany T Bunde
- Laboratório de Vacinologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana C K Pedra
- Laboratório de Vacinologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natasha R de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Vacinologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Odir A Dellagostin
- Laboratório de Vacinologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Thaís L O Bohn
- Laboratório de Vacinologia, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Porro A, Armano E, Brandalise F, Appiani R, Beltrame M, Saponaro A, Dallanoce C, Nakajo K, Ryu K, Leone R, Thiel G, Pallavicini M, Moroni A, Bolchi C. A Photoactivatable Version of Ivabradine Enables Light-Induced Block of HCN Current In Vivo. J Med Chem 2024; 67:16209-16221. [PMID: 39238314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic drugs, whose bioactivity is hindered by a photoremovable cage, offer the advantage of spatiotemporal confinement of their action to the target diseased tissue with improved bioavailability and efficacy. Here, we have applied such an approach to ivabradine (IVA), a bradycardic agent indicated for angina pectoris and heart failure, acting as a specific HCN channel blocker. To overcome the side effects due to its poor discrimination among HCN channel subtypes (HCN1-4), we prepared a caged version of IVA linked to a photocleavable bromoquinolinylmethyl group (BHQ-IVA). We show that upon illumination with blue light (440 nm), BHQ-IVA releases active IVA that blocks HCN channel currents in vitro and exerts a bradycardic effect in vivo. Both BHQ-IVA and the cage are inactive. Caging is stable in aqueous medium and in the dark, and it does not impair aqueous solubility and cell permeation, indispensable for IVA activity. This approach allows for bypassing the poor subtype-specificity of IVA, expanding its prescription to HCN-related diseases besides cardiac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Porro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Edoardo Armano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | | | - Rebecca Appiani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Monica Beltrame
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Andrea Saponaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Clelia Dallanoce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Koichi Nakajo
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Kawachi District, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kaei Ryu
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Kawachi District, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
| | - Roberta Leone
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Gerhard Thiel
- Department of Biology, TU-Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Anna Moroni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milano 20133, Italy
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376
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Maxwell A, Swanson G, Thy Nguyen A, Hu A, Richards D, You Y, Stephan L, Manaloto M, Liao A, Ding J, Mor G. Hydroquinone impairs trophoblast migration and invasion via AHR-twist-IFITM1 axis. Placenta 2024; 155:88-99. [PMID: 39173312 PMCID: PMC11421844 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.07.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Embryo implantation is a tightly regulated process, critical for a successful pregnancy. After attachment of the blastocyst to the surface epithelium of the endometrium trophoblast migrate from the trophectoderm and invade into the stromal component of endometrium. Alterations on either process will lead to implantation failure or miscarriage. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene induce pregnancy complications, including preterm birth and miscarriages. The mechanism of this effect is unknown. The objective of this study was to elucidate the impact of benzene metabolite, Hydroquinone, on trophoblast function. We tested the hypothesis that Hydroquinone activates the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway modulating trophoblast migration and invasion. METHODS First-trimester trophoblast cells (Sw.71) were treated with hydroquinone (6 and 25 μM). Trophoblast migration and invasion was evaluated using a 3D invasion/migration model. Gene expression was quantified by q-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Hydroquinone impairs trophoblast migration and invasion. This loss is associated with the activation of the AhR pathway which reduced the expression of Twist1and IFITM1. IFITM1 overexpression can rescue impaired trophoblast migration. DISCUSSION Our study highlights that hydroquinone treatment induces the activation of the AhR pathway in trophoblast cells, which impairs trophoblast invasion and migration. We postulate that activation of the AhR pathway in trophoblast suppress Twist1 and a subsequent IFITM1. Thus, the AhR-Twist1-IFITM1 axis represent a critical pathway involved in the regulation of trophoblast migration and it is sensitive to benzene exposure. These findings provide crucial insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying pregnancy complications induced by air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Maxwell
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Grace Swanson
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Annie Thy Nguyen
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Anna Hu
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Darby Richards
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yuan You
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Laura Stephan
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Marcia Manaloto
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Aihua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Jiahui Ding
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gil Mor
- C.S Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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377
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Fazry S, Najm AA, Mahdi IM, Ang A, Lee L, Loh CT, Syed Alwi SS, Li F, Law D. In silico directed evolution of Anabas testudineus AtMP1 antimicrobial peptide to improve in vitro anticancer activity. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17894. [PMID: 39346049 PMCID: PMC11439379 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Various studies have demonstrated that directed evolution is a powerful tool in enhancing protein properties. In this study, directed evolution was used to enhance the efficacy of synthesised Anabas testudineus AtMP1 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. The modification of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and prediction of peptide properties using bioinformatic tools were carried out using four databases, including ADP3, CAMP-R3, AMPfun, and ANTICP. One modified antimicrobial peptide (AMP), ATMP6 (THPPTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAPARTT), was chosen based on its projected potent anticancer effect, taking into account factors such as amino acid length, net charge, anticancer activity score, and hydrophobicity. The selected AMPs were subjected to study in deep-learning databases, namely ToxIBTL and ToxinPred2, to predict their toxicity. Furthermore, the allergic properties of these antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were verified by utilising AllerTOP and AllergenFP. Based on the results obtained from the database study, it was projected that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) demonstrate a lack of toxicity towards human cells that is indicative of the broader population. After 48 hours of incubation, the IC50 values of ATMP6 against the HS27 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were found to be 48.03 ± 0.013 µg/ml and 7.52 ± 0.027 µg/ml, respectively. The IC50 values of the original peptide ATMP1 against the MDA-MB-231 and HS27 cell lines were determined to be 59.6 ± 0.14 µg/ml and 8.25 ± 0.14 µg/ml, respectively, when compared. Furthermore, the results indicated that the injection of ATMP6 induced apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The present investigation has revealed new opportunities for advancing novel targeted peptide therapeutics to tackle cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazrul Fazry
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Abdulkareem Najm
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Mahmood Mahdi
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Dentistry Department, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghad, Iraq
| | - Arnold Ang
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - LiTing Lee
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Choy-Theng Loh
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
- Hangzhou Foreseebio Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Douglas Law
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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378
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Tee WV, Lim SJM, Berezovsky IN. Toward the Design of Allosteric Effectors: Gaining Comprehensive Control of Drug Properties and Actions. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39326868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
While the therapeutic potential of allosteric drugs is increasingly realized, the discovery of effectors is largely incidental. The rational design of allosteric effectors requires new state-of-the-art approaches to account for the distinct characteristics of allosteric ligands and their modes of action. We present a broadly applicable computational framework for obtaining allosteric site-effector pairs, providing targeted, highly specific, and tunable regulation to any functional site. We validated the framework using the main protease from SARS-CoV-2 and the K-RasG12D oncoprotein. High-throughput per-residue quantification of the energetics of allosteric signaling and effector binding revealed known drugs capable of inducing the required modulation upon binding. Starting from fragments of known well-characterized drugs, allosteric effectors and binding sites were designed and optimized simultaneously to achieve targeted and specific signaling to distinct functional sites, such as, for example, the switch regions of K-RasG12D. The generic framework proposed in this work will be instrumental in developing allosteric therapies aligned with a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ven Tee
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01, Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Sylvester J M Lim
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01, Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Igor N Berezovsky
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01, Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences (DBS), National University of Singapore (NUS), 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117579, Singapore
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379
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Pu J, Wang B, Wang Y. Validity of handgrip strength for assessing cognition and psychotic symptoms in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308133. [PMID: 39325780 PMCID: PMC11426447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A correlation between low handgrip strength (HGS), HGS asymmetry, and low cognitive performance has been demonstrated. However, it remains unclear whether low HGS is associated with psychotic symptoms and whether HGS asymmetry is associated with cognitive and psychotic symptoms in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the validity of HGS as a measure for assessing cognition and psychotic symptoms in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia. METHODS A total of 235 inpatients with stable schizophrenia were recruited between August 1, 2023, and August 31, 2023. The highest HGS values from three tests on the dominant hand were used to determine low HGS (male < 28 kg, female < 18 kg), and HGS asymmetry was identified when the non-dominant HGS/dominant HGS ratio was outside 0.9-1.1. Cognition and psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Chinese Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-C) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Generalized linear model analyses examined the relationship between HGS and scale scores. RESULTS Covariate-adjusted generalized linear models confirmed a strong association between low HGS alone and the MoCA-C score (OR = 0.819, 95% CI = 0.710‒0.945, p = 0.006) and PANSS score (OR = 1.113, 95% CI = 1.036‒1.239, p = 0.006). Similarly, the combination of low and asymmetric HGS was strongly associated with both MoCA-C (OR = 0.748, 95% CI = 0.653‒0.857, p<0.001) and PANSS scores (OR = 1.118, 95% CI = 1.032‒1.211, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and low HGS, with or without asymmetry, are likely to have lower MoCA-C scores and higher PANSS scores. Screening stable schizophrenia patients with low HGS, with or without asymmetry, could be a valuable and straightforward approach to identifying those with lower cognition and severe psychotic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Pu
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Binyou Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China
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380
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Hu Y, Chen L, Wu Y, Zhang J, Sheng Z, Zhou Z, Xie Y, Tian G, Wan J, Zhang X, Cai N, Zhou Y, Cao Y, Yang T, Chen X, Liao D, Ge Y, Cheng B, Zhong K, Tian E, Lu J, Lu H, Zhao Y, Yuan W. Palmatine reverse aristolochic acid-induced heart failure through activating EGFR pathway via upregulating IKBKB. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 285:117100. [PMID: 39332194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) is renowned for engendering nephrotoxicity and teratogenicity. Previous literature has reported that AA treatment resulted in heart failure (HF) via inflammatory pathways. Yet, its implications in HF remain comparatively uncharted territory, particularly with respect to underlying mechanisms. In our study, the zebrafish model was employed to delineate the cardiotoxicity of AA exposure and the restorative capacity of a phytogenic alkaloid palmatine (PAL). PAL restored morphology and blood supply in AA-damaged hearts by o-dianisidine staining, fluorescence imaging, and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Furthermore, PAL attenuated the detrimental effects of AA on ATPase activity, implying myocardial energy metabolism recovery. PAL decreased the co-localization of neutrophils with cardiomyocytes, implying an attenuation of the inflammatory response induced by AA. A combination of network pharmacological analysis and qPCR validation shed light on the therapeutic mechanism of PAL against AA-induced heart failure via upregulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Subsequent evaluations using a transcriptological testing, inhibitor model, and molecular docking assay corroborated PAL as an IKBKB enzyme activator. The study underscores the possible exploitation of the EGFR pathway as a potential therapeutic target for PAL against AA-induced HF, thus furthering the continued investigation of the toxicology and advancement of protective pharmaceuticals for AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Lixin Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Zhixia Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Guiyou Tian
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Jiaxing Wan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Xiaorun Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Na Cai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yatong Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Tengjiang Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Dalong Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Yurui Ge
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Keyuan Zhong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Erli Tian
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan 466001, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China; The First Clinical College of Gannan Medical Uinversity, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
| | - Wei Yuan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
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381
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Wu Z, Zhao T, Jiang X, Zhang D, Wang F, Ren X, Wang Z, Wang E, Ren J. A near-infrared fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for the detection and imaging of biothiols in vitro and in vivo. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05537-w. [PMID: 39322801 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05537-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a new near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent turn-on probe featuring a large Stokes shift (198 nm) was developed for the detection of biothiols. The probe was based on a dicyanoisophorone derivative serving as the fluorophore and a 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DNBS) group functioning as both a recognition site and a fluorescence quencher. In the absence of biothiols, the fluorescence of the probe was low due to the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) effect between the fluorophore and DNBS. Upon the presence of biothiols, the DNBS group underwent a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction with the sulfhydryl group of biothiols, leading to the release of the fluorophore and a notable emission peak at 668 nm. This developed probe exhibited exceptional selectivity and sensitivity to biothiols in solution, with an impressive detection limit of 28 nM for cysteine (Cys), 22 nM for homocysteine (Hcy), and 24 nM for glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, the probe demonstrated its applicability by successfully visualizing both endogenous and exogenous biothiols in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Taotao Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Wuhan Business University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China.
| | - Erfei Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals & Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
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382
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Ummik ML, Järvik O, Konist A. Dioxin concentrations and congener distribution in biomass ash from small to large scale biomass combustion plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-35141-5. [PMID: 39322933 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-35141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Biomass plays a pivotal role in global energy production, with a significant share allocated for industrial heat and power generation. The combustion of biomass generates biomass ash, which is widely utilized as a fertiliser. However, concerns arise regarding the presence of dioxins in biomass ash, which may limit its continued use. Dioxins are toxic compounds listed under the Stockholm Convention due to their persistence and detrimental effects on human health and the environment. This study investigates the dioxin content in biomass ashes produced in various combustion plants with a capacity of 1-50MWth in Estonia, where biomass is widely used for heating and power production. The research encompassed samples from nine biomass combustion plants with varying technical parameters considering both bottom and fly ash. Dioxin concentrations were determined for 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 10 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and 12 dioxin-like PCBs (PCBs). The results indicate that dioxin TEQ content in all samples was well below the European Union's (EU) POP Regulation limit of 5 µg TEQ/kg, with most values being at least tenfold lower. However, some samples failed to meet the EU Fertilising Products Regulation's threshold of 20 ng TEQ/kg. Notably, fly ash exhibited higher dioxin concentrations than bottom ash. While PCBs were in significant concentrations, PCDDs dominated the overall dioxin TEQ content. This study provides essential insights into the dioxin content in biomass ash and its correlation with current EU regulatory limits. It also highlights the complex distribution of dioxin congeners, particularly PCBs, within biomass ash, emphasizing the continued research's importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari-Liis Ummik
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Oliver Järvik
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alar Konist
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia.
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383
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Kim Y, Kim J, Kim B, Kim R, Kim HJ, Lee EH, Kim J, Park J, Jeong Y, Park SI, Kim H, Kang M, Lee J, Bahn YS, Choi JW, Park JH, Park KD. Discovery and Optimization of a Series of Vinyl Sulfoximine-Based Analogues as Potent Nrf2 Activators for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39323296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which leads to demyelination, axonal loss, and neurodegeneration. Increased oxidative stress and neurodegeneration have been implicated in all stages of MS, making neuroprotective therapeutics a promising strategy for its treatment. We previously have reported vinyl sulfones with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties that activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that induces the expression of cytoprotective genes against oxidative stress. In this study, we synthesized vinyl sulfoximine derivatives by modifying the core structure and determined therapeutic potential as Nrf2 activators. Among them, 10v effectively activated Nrf2 (EC50 = 83.5 nM) and exhibited favorable drug-like properties. 10v successfully induced expression of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes and suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells. We also confirmed that 10v effectively reversed disease progression and attenuated demyelination in an experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoowon Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungeun Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Rium Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Elijah Hwejin Lee
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jushin Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Park
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeeun Jeong
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang In Park
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsik Kang
- Doping Control Center, KIST, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeick Lee
- Doping Control Center, KIST, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Bahn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Choi
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Cureverse Co., Ltd., Seoul Biohub, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Brain Disorders Research Center, Brain Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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384
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de Jong MJ, Saadan H, van der Hooft BHM, Hellenbrand DLS, Brüggemann RAG, Ten Cate H, van Kuijk SMJ, van Geel RMJM, Henskens YMC, Winckers K, Magdelijns FJH. Intra-Individual Variability of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Levels in Frail Older Patients Upon, During, and After Acute Hospitalization: the DOAC-FRAIL Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024:105280. [PMID: 39343419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M J de Jong
- Thrombosis Expert Center Maastricht, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - H Saadan
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - B H M van der Hooft
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - D L S Hellenbrand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R A G Brüggemann
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - H Ten Cate
- Thrombosis Expert Center Maastricht, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S M J van Kuijk
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment (KEMTA), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R M J M van Geel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Y M C Henskens
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - K Winckers
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - F J H Magdelijns
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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385
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Ferreira Alves G, Oliveira JG, Nakashima MA, Delfrate G, Sordi R, Assreuy J, da Silva-Santos JE, Collino M, Fernandes D. Cardiovascular effects of Roflumilast during sepsis: Risks or benefits? Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:177015. [PMID: 39332796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is responsible for terminating cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling. PDE4 inhibitors, such as roflumilast (RFM), have anti-inflammatory activity and have been studied in inflammation-induced tissue damage in sepsis. However, the role of RFM on cardiovascular derangements induced by sepsis is still unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the potential effects of RFM on cardiovascular collapse and multiorgan damage caused by sepsis. METHODS Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in male rats. Six hours after the CLP or sham procedure, animals were randomly assigned to receive either RFM (0.3 mg/kg) or vehicle subcutaneously, and cardiovascular parameters were assessed 24 h after the surgery and organ/plasma samples were collected for further analyses. RESULTS Sepsis induced hypotension, tachycardia, reduced renal blood flow (RBF) and hyporeactivity to vasoconstrictors both in vivo and ex vivo. RFM treatment increased systemic cAMP levels and RBF. RFM also attenuated hypoperfusion and liver damage induced by CLP. Furthermore, RFM reduced systemic nitric oxide (NO) levels in septic rats, while there were no changes in hepatic NOS-2 expression. Nevertheless, RFM exacerbated sepsis-induced hypotension and tachycardia without ameliorating vascular hyporeactivity. CONCLUSION Our data show that PDE-4 inhibition protects septic rats from hepatic injury and improves renal perfusion. However, RFM worsened hemodynamic parameters and showed no protection against sepsis-induced cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality. Thus, despite the anti-inflammatory benefits of RFM, its application in sepsis should be approached cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ferreira Alves
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil; Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Gabrielle Delfrate
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Regina Sordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jamil Assreuy
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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386
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Gunasaykaran SY, Chear NJY, Ismail S, Mohammad NA, Murugaiyah V, Ramanathan S. Drug-drug interactions of plant alkaloids derived from herbal medicines on the phase II UGT enzymes: an introductory review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03418-8. [PMID: 39325152 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are widely used as alternative or complementary therapies to treat and prevent chronic diseases. However, these can lead to drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that affect the glucuronidation reaction of UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), which convert drugs into metabolites. Plant extracts derived from medicinal herbs contain a diverse array of compounds categorized into different functional groups. While numerous studies have examined the inhibition of UGT enzymes by various herbal compounds, it remains unclear which group of compounds exerts the most significant impact on DDIs in the glucuronidation reaction. Recently, alkaloids derived from medicinal herbs, including kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), have gained attention due to their diverse pharmacological properties. This review primarily focuses on the DDIs of plant alkaloids from medicinal herbs, including kratom on the phase II UGT enzymes. Kratom is a new emerging herbal product in Western countries that is often used to self-treat chronic pain, opioid withdrawal, or as a replacement for prescription and non-prescription opioids. Kratom is well-known for its psychoactive alkaloids, which have a variety of psychopharmacological effects. However, the metabolism mechanism of kratom alkaloids, particularly on the phase II pathway, is still poorly understood. Simultaneously using kratom or other herbal products containing alkaloids with prescribed medicines may have an impact on the drug metabolism involving the phase II UGT enzymes. To ensure the safety and efficacy of treatments, gaining a better understanding of the DDIs when using herbal products with conventional medicine is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabariah Ismail
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Vikneswaran Murugaiyah
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Surash Ramanathan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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387
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Noureldeen ME, Shahin NN, Amin HAA, El-Sawalhi MM, Ghaiad HR. Parthenolide ameliorates 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease-like aberrations via modulating NLRP3 inflammasome, reducing microglial activation and inducing astrocyte shifting. Mol Med 2024; 30:158. [PMID: 39327568 PMCID: PMC11425901 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes motor, cognitive, and psychiatric abnormalities, with no satisfying disease-modifying therapy so far. 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP) induces behavioural deficits, together with biochemical and histological alterations in animals' striata that mimic HD. The role of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in HD pathogenesis remains largely uncharacterized. Parthenolide (PTL), a naturally occurring nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor, is also known to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome. Whether PTL is beneficial in HD has not been established yet. AIM This study evaluated the possible neuroprotective effects of PTL against 3NP-induced behavioural abnormalities, striatal biochemical derangements, and histological aberrations. METHODS Male Wistar rats received PTL (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p) for 3 weeks and 3NP (10 mg/kg/day, i.p) was administered alongside for the latter 2 weeks to induce HD. Finally, animals were subjected to open-field, Morris water maze and rotarod tests. Rat striata were examined histologically, striatal protein expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were evaluated immunohistochemically, while those of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba1) and glutamate were determined by ELISA. Striatal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1), NF-κB, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, S100 calcium-binding protein A10 (S100A10) and complement-3 (C3) were assessed by gene expression analysis. RESULTS PTL improved motor, locomotor, cognitive and anxiety-like behaviours, restored neuronal integrity, upregulated Nrf2, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-κB and microglial activation. Additionally, PTL induced astrocyte shifting towards the neuroprotective A2 phenotype. CONCLUSION PTL exhibits neuroprotection against 3NP-induced HD, that might be ascribed, at least in part, to its modulatory effects on Keap1/Nrf2 and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona E Noureldeen
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nancy N Shahin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hebat Allah A Amin
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Maha M El-Sawalhi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Heba R Ghaiad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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388
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Li YZ, Ji RR. Gene therapy for chronic pain management. Cell Rep Med 2024:101756. [PMID: 39366385 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in identifying molecular targets for chronic pain over the past two decades, many remain difficult to target with traditional methods. Gene therapies such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), RNA interference (RNAi), CRISPR, and virus-based delivery systems have played crucial roles in discovering and validating new pain targets. While there has been a surge in gene therapy-based clinical trials, those focusing on pain as the primary outcome remain uncommon. This review examines various gene therapy strategies, including ASOs, small interfering RNA (siRNAs), optogenetics, chemogenetics, and CRISPR, and their delivery methods targeting primary sensory neurons and non-neuronal cells, including glia and chondrocytes. We also explore emerging gene therapy tools and highlight gene therapy's clinical potential in pain management, including trials targeting pain-related diseases. Advances in single-cell analysis of sensory neurons and non-neuronal cells, along with the development of new delivery tools, are poised to accelerate the application of gene therapy in pain medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ze Li
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departments of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Departments of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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389
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Zheng J, Chen X, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Wu P, Lv J, Qiu L. Knocking Out of UDP-Glycosyltransferase Gene UGT2B10 via CRISPR/Cas9 in Helicoverpa armigera Reveals Its Function in Detoxification of Insecticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20862-20871. [PMID: 39269786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The role of insect UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in the detoxification of insecticides has rarely been reported. A UGT gene UGT2B10 was previously found overexpressed in a fenvalerate-resistant strain of Helicoverpa armigera. Herein, UGT2B10 was cloned, and its involvement in insecticide detoxification was investigated. UGT2B10 was highly expressed in the larvae, mainly in the fat body and midgut. Treatment with UGT inhibitors 5-nitrouracil and sulfinpyrazone significantly enhanced the fenvalerate toxicity. Knocking down UGT2B10 by RNAi significantly increased the larvae mortality by 17.89%. UGT2B10 was further knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9, and a homozygous strain (HD-dUGT2B10) with a C-base deletion at exon 2 was obtained. The sensitivity of HD-dUGT2B10 to fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cyantraniliprole, acetamiprid, and lufenuron increased significantly, with sensitivity index increased 2.523-, 2.544-, 2.250-, 2.473-, and 3.556-fold, respectively. These results suggested that UGT2B10 was involved in the detoxification of H. armigera to insecticides mentioned above, shedding light upon further understanding of the detoxification mechanisms of insecticides by insect UGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangguang Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peizhuo Wu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingshu Lv
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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390
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Grzesiuk M, Grabska M, Malinowska A, Świderska B, Grzesiuk E, Garbicz D, Gorecki A. Daphnia stress response to environmental concentrations of chloramphenicol-multi-omics approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-35045-4. [PMID: 39317899 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-35045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Commonly used medicines, when discarded or improperly disposed of, are known to contaminate freshwater ecosystems. Pharmaceuticals can be toxic and mutagenic, and can modify freshwater organisms, even at environmentally relevant concentrations. Chloramphenicol (CAP) is an antibiotic banned in Europe. However, it is still found in surface waters around the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of chloramphenicol contamination in freshwater on the model organism Daphnia magna. Specific life history parameters, proteome, and host-associated microbiome of four D. magna clones were analyzed during a three-generation exposure to CAP at environmental concentrations (32 ng L-1). In the first generation, no statistically significant CAP effect at the individual level was detected. After three generations, exposed animals were smaller at first reproduction and on average produced fewer offspring. The differences in D. magna's life history after CAP treatment were in accordance with proteome changes. D. magna's response to CAP presence indicates the high stress that the tested organisms are under, e.g., male production, upregulation of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 and calcium-binding protein, and downregulation of glutathione transferase. The CAP-exposed D. magna proteome profile confirms that CAP, being reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing compounds, contributes to structural changes in mitochondria. Microbiome analysis showed a significant difference in the Shannon index between control and CAP-exposed animals, the latter having a more diverse microbiome. Multilevel analyses, together with long exposure in the laboratory imitating conditions in a polluted environment, allow us to obtain a more complete picture of the impact of CAP on D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Grzesiuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology; Warsaw, University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Grabska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology; Warsaw, University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bianka Świderska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Grzesiuk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Garbicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Roentgena 5, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Gorecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology; Warsaw, University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
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391
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Sun Y, Zhang M, Jiang X, Peng K, Yi Y, Meng Y, Wang H. Structural characterization and immunoregulatory mechanism of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from lotus root. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135957. [PMID: 39332552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
The extraction of polysaccharide from lotus root was highly homogenized, and the structure of the polysaccharide was not clear. Herein, we report a hot water method combined with α-amylase that was applied to extract lotus root polysaccharide. After purified, a lotus root polysaccharide fraction LP60-a with high purity and low molecule weight was obtained. Systematic characterization of the structure of LP60-a was achieved by monosaccharide composition, methylation and NMR analysis, showing that LP60-a was composed of α-1,6-glucan linked with a small amount of arabinogalactan. Conformational determination showed that LP60-a was a three-helix polysaccharide with random coil conformation. Furtherly, the immunomodulatory activities of LP60-a were investigated in RAW264.7 macrophages. The data indicated that LP60-a could enhance the proliferation and phagocytosis of macrophages significantly, and induce the expression of NO and TNF-α in macrophages without causing inflammation. Moreover, LP60-a promoted the phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and JNK, as well as NF-κB p65, indicating that LP60-a could activate RAW264.7 cells through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In conclusion, the results imply that LP60-a could enhance the immune function of macrophages, presenting a possibility to play a role as an immunomodulatory agent in dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xueyu Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Kaidi Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yang Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Yan Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Hongxun Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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392
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Wang X, Ji H, Yang Y, Zhang D, Kong X, Li X, Li H, Lu Y, Yang G, Liu J, Wu H, Hong J, Ma X. Moxibustion Regulates the BRG1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway by Inhibiting MicroRNA-222-3p to Prevent Oxidative Stress in Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Ulcerative Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:8273732. [PMID: 39359694 PMCID: PMC11446618 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8273732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is crucial in ulcerative colitis (UC) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are an important component of the intestinal barrier. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that suppressing microRNA-222-3p (miR-222-3p) can protect against oxidative stress in IECs, which ameliorates colonic injuries in UC mice and prevents the conversion of UC to CAC. In this case, we hope to explore whether moxibustion can alleviate UC and CAC by inhibiting miR-222-3p based on mouse models of UC and CAC. After herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) intervention, the disease activity index (DAI) and colon macroscopic damage index (CMDI) were significantly reduced in UC mice, and the number and volume of intestinal tumors were decreased considerably in CAC mice. Meanwhile, we found that HPM suppressed miR-222-3p expression and upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), while inhibiting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) expression in IECs of UC and CAC mice. With changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), we verified that HPM protects against oxidative stress and inflammation in IECs of UC and CAC mice. The effect of HPM was inhibited in miR-222-3p overexpression mice, further demonstrating that the protective effect of HPM on UC and CAC mice was through inhibiting miR-222-3p. In summary, HPM regulates the BRG1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by inhibiting miR-222-3p to attenuate oxidative stress in IECs in UC and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology Eye and ENT Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Haiyang Ji
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yanting Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiehe Kong
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hongna Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yunqiong Lu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jue Hong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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393
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Tang LWT, Lapham K, Goosen TC. UGT2B10 is the Major UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 2B Isoform Involved in the Metabolism of Lamotrigine and is Implicated in the Drug-Drug Interaction with Valproic Acid. AAPS J 2024; 26:107. [PMID: 39322784 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-024-00978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lamotrigine is a phenyltriazine anticonvulsant that is primarily metabolized by phase II UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) to a quaternary N2-glucuronide, which accounts for ~ 90% of the excreted dose in humans. While there is consensus that UGT1A4 plays a predominant role in the formation of the N2-glucuronide, there is compelling evidence in the literature to suggest that the metabolism of lamotrigine is catalyzed by another UGT isoform. However, the exact identity of the UGT isoform that contribute to the formation of this glucuronide remains uncertain. In this study, we harnessed a robust reaction phenotyping strategy to delineate the identities and its associated fraction metabolized (fm) of the UGTs involved in lamotrigine N2-glucuronidation. Foremost, human recombinant UGT mapping experiments revealed that the N2-glucuronide is catalyzed by multiple UGT isoforms. (i.e., UGT1A1, 1A3, 1A4, 1A9, 2B4, 2B7, and 2B10). Thereafter, scaling the apparent intrinsic clearances obtained from the enzyme kinetic experiments with our in-house liver-derived relative expression factors (REF) and relative activity factors (RAF) revealed that, in addition to UGT1A4, UGT2B10 was involved in the N2-glucuronidation of lamotrigine. This was further confirmed via chemical inhibition in human liver microsomes with the UGT1A4-selective inhibitor hecogenin and the UGT2B10-selective inhibitor desloratadine. By integrating various orthogonal approaches (i.e., REF- and RAF-scaling, and chemical inhibition), we quantitatively determined that the fm for UGT1A4 and UGT2B10 ranged from 0.42 - 0.64 and 0.32 - 0.57, respectively. Finally, we also provided nascent evidence that the pharmacokinetic interaction between lamotrigine and valproic acid likely arose from the in vivo inhibition of its UGT2B10-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Wei Tat Tang
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.
| | - Kimberly Lapham
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Theunis C Goosen
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, Pfizer Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
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394
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Yardımcı BK. Naringenin and caffeic acid increase ethanol production in yeast cells by reducing very high gravity fermentation-related oxidative stress. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01525-5. [PMID: 39320639 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Very high gravity (VHG) fermentation is an industrial-scale process utilizing a sugar concentration above 250 g/L to attain a significant ethanol concentration, with the advantages of decreased labor, production costs, water usage, bacterial contamination, and energy consumption. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most extensively employed organisms in ethanol fermentation through VHG technology. Conversely, high glucose exposure leads to numerous stress factors that negatively impact the ethanol production efficiency of this organism. Here, the impact of various phytochemicals added to the VHG medium on viability, glucose consumption, ethanol production efficiency, total antioxidant-oxidant status (TAS and TOS), and the response of the enzymatic antioxidant system of yeast were investigated. 2.0 mM naringenin and caffeic acid increased ethanol production by 2.453 ± 0.198 and 1.261 ± 0.138-fold, respectively. The glucose consumption rate exhibited a direct relationship with ethanol production in the naringenin-supplemented group. The highest TAS was determined as 0.734 ± 0.044 mmol Trolox Eq./L in the same group. Furthermore, both phytochemical compounds exhibited robust positive correlations with TAS (rnaringenin = 0.9986; rcaffeic acid = 0.9553) and TOS levels (rnaringenin = -0.9824; rcaffeic acid = -0.9791). While naringenin caused statistically significant increases in glutathione reductase (GR) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activities, caffeic acid significantly increased TrxR and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Both phytochemicals seem to impact the ethanol production ability by regulating the redox status of the cells. We believe that the incorporation of particularly cost-effective antioxidants into the fermentation medium may serve as an alternative way to enhance the efficiency of bioethanol production using VHG technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Kavakcıoğlu Yardımcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
- Advanced Technology Application and Research Center, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
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395
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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Leveraging the Photofunctions of Transition Metal Complexes for the Design of Innovative Phototherapeutics. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400563. [PMID: 39319499 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advent of various medical interventions for cancer treatment, the disease continues to pose a formidable global health challenge, necessitating the development of new therapeutic approaches for more effective treatment outcomes. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which utilizes light to activate a photosensitizer to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for eradicating cancer cells, has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment due to its high spatiotemporal precision and minimal invasiveness. However, the widespread clinical use of PDT faces several challenges, including the inefficient production of ROS in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, the limited penetration depth of light in biological tissues, and the inadequate accumulation of photosensitizers at the tumor site. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in the utilization of photofunctional transition metal complexes as photosensitizers for PDT applications due to their intriguing photophysical and photochemical properties. This review provides an overview of the current design strategies used in the development of transition metal complexes as innovative phototherapeutics, aiming to address the limitations associated with PDT and achieve more effective treatment outcomes. The current challenges and future perspectives on the clinical translation of transition metal complexes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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396
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Henn D, Lensink AV, Botha CJ. Ultrastructural changes in cardiac and skeletal myoblasts following in vitro exposure to monensin, salinomycin, and lasalocid. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0311046. [PMID: 39321180 PMCID: PMC11423986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Carboxylic ionophores are polyether antibiotics used in production animals as feed additives, with a wide range of benefits. However, ionophore toxicosis often occurs as a result of food mixing errors or extra-label use and primarily targets the cardiac and skeletal muscles of livestock. The ultrastructural changes induced by 48 hours of exposure to 0.1 μM monensin, salinomycin, and lasalocid in cardiac (H9c2) and skeletal (L6) myoblasts in vitro were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Ionophore exposure resulted in condensed mitochondria, dilated Golgi apparatus, and cytoplasmic vacuolization which appeared as indentations on the myoblast surface. Ultrastructurally, it appears that both apoptotic and necrotic myoblasts were present after exposure to the ionophores. Apoptotic myoblasts contained condensed chromatin and apoptotic bodies budding from their surface. Necrotic myoblasts had disrupted plasma membranes and damaged cytoplasmic organelles. Of the three ionophores, monensin induced the most alterations in myoblasts of both cell lines.
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MESH Headings
- Monensin/pharmacology
- Pyrans/pharmacology
- Animals
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/drug effects
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/ultrastructure
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/metabolism
- Lasalocid/toxicity
- Cell Line
- Ionophores/pharmacology
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/ultrastructure
- Myoblasts, Cardiac/metabolism
- Rats
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Necrosis/chemically induced
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Polyether Polyketides
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Henn
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Antonia V Lensink
- Electron Microscope Unit, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christo J Botha
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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397
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Tang H, Chen S, Yi L, Xu S, Yang H, Li Z, He Y, Liao Y, Chen X, Liu C, Gu L, Yuan N, Chen C, Tang J. Circadian Rhythms Correlated in DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Identified in Human Blood and Implicated in Psychiatric Disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024:e33005. [PMID: 39319595 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.33005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms modulate the biology of many human tissues and are driven by a nearly 24-h transcriptional feedback loop. Dynamic DNA methylation may play a role in driving 24-h rhythms of gene expression in the human brain. However, little is known about the degree of circadian regulation between the DNA methylation and the gene expression in the peripheral tissues, including human blood. We hypothesized that 24-h rhythms of DNA methylation play a role in driving 24-h RNA expression in human blood. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed DNA methylation levels and RNA expression in blood samples collected from eight healthy males at six-time points over 24 h. We assessed 442,703 genome-wide CpG sites in methylation and 12,364 genes in expression for 24-h rhythmicity using the cosine model. Our analysis revealed significant rhythmic patterns in 6345 CpG sites and 21 genes. Next, we investigated the relationship between methylation and expression using powerful circadian signals. We found a modest negative correlation (ρ = -0.83, p = 0.06) between the expression of gene TXNDC5 and the methylation at the nearby CpG site (cg19116172). We also observed that circadian CpGs significantly overlapped with genetic risk loci of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Notably, one gene, TXNDC5, showed a significant correlation between circadian methylation and expression and has been reported to be association with neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Tang
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second people's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Yi
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Yang
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, USA
| | - Lin Gu
- RIKEN AIP, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ning Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second people's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
- Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital (The Second people's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
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398
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Deng H, Zhao J, Li J, Chen C, Hu Z, Wu X, Ge L. Therapeutic Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Stem Cell for Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis Study. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2024; 29:340. [PMID: 39344329 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2909340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant public health challenge, increasingly affecting patients' finances, mental health, and functional abilities as the global population ages. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic approach for AD, although their precise mechanisms remain unclear. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SC-EVs in treating AD. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up to December 31, 2023, identifying studies investigating SC-EVs therapy in AD rodent models. Outcome measures included Morris water maze and Y maze tests, β-amyloid pathology, and inflammatory markers. Statistical analyses utilized Stata 15.1 and R software. RESULTS This meta-analysis of 16 studies (2017-2023, 314 animals) demonstrates significant efficacy of SC-EVs therapy in AD models. Pooled analyses demonstrated that SC-EVs therapy significantly increased the learning function as measured by Morris water maze tests (MWM) by -1.83 (95% CI = -2.51 to -1.15, p < 0.0001), Y maze test by 1.66 (95% CI = 1.03 to 2.28, p < 0.0001), decreased Aβ plaques in the hippocampal by -2.10 (95% CI = -2.96 to -1.23, p < 0.0001), and proinflammatory cytokines Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) by -2.61 (95% CI = -4.87 to -0.35, p < 0.05), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) by -2.37 (95% CI = -3.68 to -1.05, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SC-EVs therapy shows promise in enhancing cognitive function and mitigating AD progression in preclinical models. Future research should focus on standardizing methodologies and comparing SC-EVs isolation techniques and dosing strategies to facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyin Deng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Fouth People's Hospital of Changsha, 410006 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, 410003 Changsha, Hunan, China
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399
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Suzuki T, Taketomi Y, Yanagida K, Yoshida-Hashidate T, Nagase T, Murakami M, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Re-evaluation of the canonical PAF pathway in cutaneous anaphylaxis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024:159563. [PMID: 39332666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent classical lipid mediator that plays a critical role in various diseases such as allergy and nervous system disorders. In the realm of allergy, previous studies suggested that PAF is generated in response to extracellular stimuli and contributes to allergic reactions via PAF receptor (PAFR). However, the sources of endogenous PAF and its pathophysiological dynamics remain largely elusive in vivo. Here, we report that rapid and local PAF generation completely depends on lysophospholipid acyltransferase 9 (LPLAT9, also known as LPCAT2) expressed in mast cells in IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. However, we found that LPLAT9 knockout (KO) mice did not display attenuated vascular leakage. Additionally, decreased vascular leakage was observed in PAFR KO mice, but not in endothelial cell-specific mice in this model. These divergent highlights a yet unsolved complexity of the biological functions of PAF and PAFR in a pathophysiological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Suzuki
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yoshida-Hashidate
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Murakami
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Medical Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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400
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Yang S, Wang Y, Wu Z, Wang D, Zhang X, Hu S, Zhang Q, Bu Y, Liu C, Huang C, Yang C. Increased levels of Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella in the gut contribute to the responsivity of placebo analgesia. Neuropharmacology 2024; 261:110168. [PMID: 39332670 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Placebo analgesia is observed in both humans and animals. Given the complexity of placebo analgesia involving a variety of neurobiological, psychological, and psychosocial processes, further investigation into its underlying mechanisms is essential. Gut microbiota has been implicated in the responsivity of placebo analgesia, but its precise role remains unknown and warrants further investigations. Here, we conducted a conditioning training model with chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mice, associating parecoxib with different cues. Hierarchical clustering analysis of placebo analgesia behaviors was employed to classify mice into responders and non-responders phenotypes. Approximately 40% of CFA mice undergoing conditioning training exhibited placebo analgesia. Notably, placebo analgesia responders displayed reduced anxiety-like behaviors. 16S rRNA results revealed a distinct composition of gut microbiota composition among the control, placebo analgesia non-responders and responders groups. Notably, levels of Escherichia Shigella and Klebsiella in the gut were increased considerably in the placebo analgesia responders as compared to both control and non-responders groups. In conclusion, placebo analgesia responders demonstrated marked analgesia, reduced anxiety-like behaviors, and increased levels of Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella, implying a potential linkage between gut microbiota and placebo analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zifeng Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Suwan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuchen Bu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Cunming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chaoli Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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