401
|
Adipogenic differentiation of murine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by visible light via photo- induced biomodulation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 25:119-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
402
|
Patro-Małysza J, Trojnar M, Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Mierzyński R, Bartosiewicz J, Oleszczuk J, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. FABP4 in Gestational Diabetes-Association between Mothers and Offspring. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030285. [PMID: 30818771 PMCID: PMC6462903 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetuses exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a higher risk of abnormal glucose homeostasis in later life. The molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon are still not fully understood. Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) appears to be one of the most probable candidates involved in the pathophysiology of GDM. The main aim of the study was to investigate whether umbilical cord serum FABP4 concentrations are altered in term neonates born to GDM mothers. Two groups of subjects were selected—28 healthy controls and 26 patients with GDM. FABP4, leptin, and ghrelin concentrations in the umbilical cord serum, maternal serum, and maternal urine were determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The umbilical cord serum FABP4 levels were higher in the GDM offspring and were directly associated with the maternal serum FABP4 and leptin levels, as well as the prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the BMI at and after delivery; however, they correlated negatively with birth weight and lipid parameters. In the multiple linear regression models, the umbilical cord serum FABP4 concentrations depended positively on the maternal serum FABP4 and negatively on the umbilical cord serum ghrelin levels and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There are many maternal variables that can affect the level of FABP4 in the umbilical cord serum, thus, their evaluation requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Patro-Małysza
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Marcin Trojnar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Radzisław Mierzyński
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jacek Bartosiewicz
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jan Oleszczuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
403
|
Tan YQ, Kwan HY, Yao X, Leung LK. The activity of transient receptor potential channel C‐6 modulates the differentiation of fat cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:6526-6538. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801518rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin Tan
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of ScienceBaptist University Hong Kong China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese MedicineBaptist University Hong Kong China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Lai K. Leung
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of ScienceBaptist University Hong Kong China
| |
Collapse
|
404
|
Lee JH, Moon JM, Kim YH, Lee B, Choi SY, Song BJ, Kim DK, Lee YM. Effect of Enzymatic Treatment of Chrysanthemum indicum Linné Extracts on Lipid Accumulation and Adipogenesis in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020269. [PMID: 30691060 PMCID: PMC6412706 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme treatment of the foods and herbs has been used to improve the absorption rate the efficiency of plant extracts by converting the glycosides of the plant into aglycones. In this study, we examined the obesity-inhibitory effect of Chrysanthemum indicum Linné (CI) treated with enzymes such as viscozyme and tannase, which are highly efficient in converting glycosides to aglycones and then compared with untreated CI extract. The enzyme-treated CI ethanol extract (CIVT) was administered orally at various doses for 7 weeks in the high fat diet (HFD)-fed male mice. CIVT administration reduced the body weights, the food efficiency and the serum levels of lipid metabolism-related biomarkers, such as triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and leptin in the dose-dependent manner but not those high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and adiponectin. CIVT also reduced considerably the total lipid amount in the liver and the size of adipocytes in the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT). CIVT effectively downregulated the adipogenesis-related transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferation activated receptor (PPAR)-γ and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α) but up-regulated PPAR-α, in the liver and eWAT. In addition, when compared to the enzyme-untreated CI 50% ethanol extract (CIEE), CIVT enhanced the reduction of body weight and lipid accumulation. Moreover, the viscozyme and tannase treatment of CI increased the flavonoid contents of the aglycone form. Therefore, our results support that the enzymatic treatment induced the production of aglycones for potentially suppressing the adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice. It suggests that CIVT might be an effective candidate for attenuating the over-weight and its related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54907, Korea.
| | - Joo-Myung Moon
- BTC Corperation, #703, Technology Development Center, 705 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Andsan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea.
| | - Yoon-Hee Kim
- BTC Corperation, #703, Technology Development Center, 705 Haean-ro, Sangnok-gu, Andsan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea.
| | - Bori Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Sang-Yong Choi
- Wonkwang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Iksan, Jeonbuk 54588, Korea.
| | - Bong-Joon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Dae-Ki Kim
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54907, Korea.
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
405
|
Shikano K, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Kato M, Furumitsu M, Bentley GE, Kriegsfeld LJ, Ukena K. Neurosecretory Protein GL Induces Fat Accumulation in Chicks. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:392. [PMID: 31275247 PMCID: PMC6593053 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently found a previously unidentified cDNA in chicken hypothalamus which encodes the precursor for neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL). A previous study showed that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of NPGL caused body mass gain in chicks. However, it was not clear which part(s) of the body gained mass. In the present study, we investigated which tissues increased in mass after chronic i.c.v. infusion of NPGL in chicks. We found that NPGL increased the masses of the liver, abdominal fat, and subcutaneous fat, while NPGL did not affect the masses of muscles, including pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and biceps femoris. Oil Red O staining revealed that fat deposition had occurred in the liver. In addition, the size of the lipid droplets in the abdominal fat increased. Furthermore, we found an upregulation of lipogenesis and downregulation of lipolysis in the abdominal fat, but not in the liver. These results indicate that NPGL is involved in fat storage in chicks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Shikano
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Megumi Furumitsu
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - George E. Bentley
- Department of Integrative Biology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lance J. Kriegsfeld
- Department of Psychology, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazuyoshi Ukena
| |
Collapse
|
406
|
Gouthamchandra K, Sudeep HV, Amritharaj, Lingaraju HB, Prasad KS. SUNCA standardized extract from Helianthus annus L exerts enhanced digestive enzyme activity and subsides obesity through inhibition of C/EBP-α and PPAR-γ expression both in in vitro and in vivo model. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_204_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
407
|
Liu H, Liu M, Jin Z, Yaqoob S, Zheng M, Cai D, Liu J, Guo S. Ginsenoside Rg2 inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and suppresses obesity in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice through the AMPK pathway. Food Funct 2019; 10:3603-3614. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00027e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Rg2-induced activation of AMPK reduced the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, and regulated the lipogenic and lipolysis genes, thus inhibiting adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- College of Life Science
- Jilin Agricultural University
- Changchun
- China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
| | - Meihong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Zhibo Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Sanabil Yaqoob
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Dan Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing
- Changchun
- China
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Jilin Agricultural University
| | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
408
|
Cho HH, Park HS, Jang SH, Won C, Kim HD, Kim TH, Cho JH. Rotenoisin A is a novel anti-adipogenic compound. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:89-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
409
|
A new triterpene diglycoside from the roots of Bupleurum chinense DC. and its inhibitory effect on adipogensis in 3T3-L1 cells. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
410
|
Ma Q, Cui Y, Xu S, Zhao Y, Yuan H, Piao G. Synergistic Inhibitory Effects of Acacetin and 11 Other Flavonoids Isolated from Artemisia sacrorum on Lipid Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12931-12940. [PMID: 30381943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb., a Compositae forage plant in China, has been found to have an inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation. We selected 12 flavonoids, which we had isolated from A. sacrorum and had the potential to inhibit lipid accumulation in the literature or in our preliminary experiments, and grouped them into 11 compound combinations; we investigated their synergistic inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In screening experiments, Oil-Red O staining, triglyceride levels, and lipid accumulation levels all indicated that combined acacetin and apigenin displayed a significant synergistic inhibitory effect and the best repeatability. Subsequent research showed that this combination could synergistically promote the phosphorylations of AMPK and ACC. Furthermore, to a different extent, that combination had significant synergistic inhibitory effects on various genes or proteins related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis. Thus, that combination could significantly reduce triglyceride levels and lipid accumulation compared with acacetin or apigenin acting alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ma
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| | - Yunlong Cui
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| | - Yiyao Zhao
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| | - Haidan Yuan
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules , Ministry of Education, Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| | - Guangchun Piao
- College of Pharmacy , Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules , Ministry of Education, Yanbian University , Yanji , Jilin 133002 , China
| |
Collapse
|
411
|
Torres-Villarreal D, Camacho A, Castro H, Ortiz-Lopez R, de la Garza AL. Anti-obesity effects of kaempferol by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 75:83-88. [PMID: 30539499 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid widely found in fruits, vegetables, and tea. Kaempferol possesses beneficial biological properties such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Positive energy balance during obesity correlates with a pro-inflammatory chronic state. In this context, we hypothesized that kaempferol might promote anti-obesity effects by modulating adipogenesis and lipolytic pathways. Adipocyte viability at 24, 48, and 72 h was measured by an ATP-based assay. Pre-adipocytes (day 0) or mature adipocytes (day 12) were treated with 60 μM kaempferol until day 21 to evaluate its potential anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effect, respectively. Total lipid accumulation was assessed using Oil Red O staining assay. Gene expression was measured by RT-qPCR to evaluate the effect of kaempferol on adipogenesis and lipolysis gene expression. Our results showed a dose-dependent effect of kaempferol treatment on cell viability promoting cell death at higher than 60 μM concentration. Pre-adipocytes stimulation by 60 μM kaempferol resulted in 62% adipogenesis inhibition whereas in mature adipocytes, it reduced 39% intracellular lipid accumulation. Also, 60 μM kaempferol treatment decreased Cebpa mRNA expression when compared to control cells. In contrast, Pnpla2 and Lipe gene expression were upregulated in 3T3-L1 cells incubated with 60 μM kaempferol. In summary, our results showed that kaempferol modulates adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells by promoting downregulation of Cebpa gene expression and decreasing lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes by its positive effects on Pnpla2 and Lipe mRNA levels. Kaempferol might display an anti-obesity effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Torres-Villarreal
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Pública, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - A Camacho
- Facultad de Medicna, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.,Unidad de Neurometabolismo, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - H Castro
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Pública, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - R Ortiz-Lopez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - A L de la Garza
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud Pública, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. .,Unidad de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
412
|
Wang C, Zhu J, Liu M, Yang Q, Wu J, Li Z. De novo sequencing and transcriptome assembly of Arisaema heterophyllum Blume and identification of genes involved in isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17643. [PMID: 30518768 PMCID: PMC6281570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arisaema heterophyllum Blume (AhBl) is one of the valued medicinal plants. However, its genetic information is limited, which impedes further studies of this valuable resource. To investigate the genes involved in the isoflavonoid biosynthesis, we deeply performed transcriptome sequencing for AhBl. An average of 10.98 Gb clean reads were obtained based on root, tuber and leaf tissues, and 109,937 unigenes were yielded after de novo assembly. In total, 72,287 of those unigenes were annotated in at least one public database. The numbers of expressed unigenes in each tissue were 35,686, 43,363 and 47,783, respectively. The overall expression levels of transcripts in leaf were higher than those in root and tuber. Differentially expressed genes analysis indicated that a total of 12,448 shared unigenes were detected in all three tissues, 10,215 of which were higher expressed in tuber than that in root and leaf. Besides, 87 candidate unigenes that encode for enzymes involved in biosynthesis of isoflavonoid were identified and analyzed, and some key enzyme genes were experimentally validated by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). This study provides a unique dataset for the systematic analysis of AhBl functional genes and expression characteristics, and facilitates the future study of the pharmacological mechanism of AhBl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenkai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Jinhang Zhu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Qingshan Yang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Zegeng Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui, 230038, China.
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Anhui, 230038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
413
|
Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Patro-Małysza J, Trojnar M, Skórzyńska-Dziduszko KE, Bartosiewicz J, Oleszczuk J, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4-An "Inauspicious" Adipokine-In Serum and Urine of Post-Partum Women with Excessive Gestational Weight Gain and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7120505. [PMID: 30513800 PMCID: PMC6306707 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exact roles of adipokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and obesity are still unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) concentrations in the serum and urine of women with excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the early post-partum period, with reference to their laboratory test results, body composition, and hydration status. The study subjects were divided into three groups: 24 healthy controls, 24 mothers with EGWG, and 22 GDM patients. Maternal body composition and hydration status were evaluated by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. Concentrations of FABP4, leptin, and ghrelin were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Healthy women were characterized by the lowest serum leptin concentrations and by a negative correlation between the serum and urine FABP4 levels. Serum FABP4 levels were the highest in the GDM group. Serum FABP4 and leptin concentrations correlated positively in the GDM group. The EGWG group had the highest degree of BIA disturbances in the early puerperium and positive correlations between the urine FABP4 and serum leptin and ghrelin concentrations. The physiological and pathological significance of these findings requires further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Patro-Małysza
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Marcin Trojnar
- Chair and Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Jacek Bartosiewicz
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jan Oleszczuk
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
414
|
Buck CO, Eliot MN, Kelsey KT, Calafat AM, Chen A, Ehrlich S, Lanphear BP, Braun JM. Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and adipocytokines: the HOME Study. Pediatr Res 2018; 84:854-860. [PMID: 30250302 PMCID: PMC6933943 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gestational perfluoroalkyl substances exposure has been associated with decreased birthweight. We determined if gestational perfluoroalkyl substances exposure was associated with fetal metabolic markers using data from the HOME Study, a prospective birth cohort of pregnant women and their children in Cincinnati, Ohio. METHODS Maternal serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid were quantified. We measured neonatal adipocytokine (leptin and adiponectin) concentrations in umbilical cord serum, and estimated percent differences with a 2-fold increase in maternal perfluoroalkyl substances concentrations among 230 mother-infant pairs. RESULTS Median maternal serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations were 5.6 ng/mL and 14 ng/mL, respectively. Leptin was positively correlated with infant birthweight (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant associations between maternal perfluoroalkyl substances and neonatal adipocytokine concentrations; each 2-fold increase in PFOA was associated with a non-significant increase in leptin (5%; 95% CI: -10, 22) and adiponectin (7%; 95% CI: -4, 19). CONCLUSION Despite known associations with reduced birthweight, gestational serum perfluoroalkyl substances concentrations were not associated with neonatal adipocytokine concentrations. Further exploration of pathways of perfluoroalkyl substances associated changes in birthweight may help identify biomarkers that could be used to identify at-risk populations and develop interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine O. Buck
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melissa N. Eliot
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Karl T. Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shelley Ehrlich
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA;,Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bruce P. Lanphear
- Faculty of Health and Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
415
|
Sharma H, Kumar P, Deshmukh RR, Bishayee A, Kumar S. Pentacyclic triterpenes: New tools to fight metabolic syndrome. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 50:166-177. [PMID: 30466975 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a combination of dysregulated cardiometabolic risk factors characterized by dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, inflammation, obesity as well as hypertension. These factors are tied to the increased risk for type-II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction in patients with metabolic syndrome. PURPOSE To review the proposed molecular mechanisms of pentacyclic triterpenes for their potential use in the metabolic syndrome. METHODS PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar database were searched from commencement to April 2018. Following keywords were searched in the databases with varying combinations: "metabolic syndrome", "pentacyclic triterpenes", "transcription factors", "protein kinase", "lipogenesis", "adipogenesis", "lipolysis", "fatty acids", "gluconeogenesis", "cardiovascular", "mitochondria", "oxidative stress", "pancreas", "hepatic cells", "skeletal muscle", "3T3-L1", "C2C12", "obesity", "inflammation", "insulin resistance", "glucose uptake", "clinical studies" and "bioavailability". RESULTS Pentacyclic triterpenes, such as asiatic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, α,β-amyrin, celastrol, carbenoxolone, corosolic acid, maslinic acid, bardoxolone methyl and lupeol downregulate several metabolic syndrome components by regulating transcription factors, protein kinases and enzyme involved in the adipogenesis, lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, insulin resistance, mitochondria biogenesis, gluconeogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies suggests that pentacyclic triterpenes effectively downregulate various factors related to metabolic syndrome. These phytochemicals may serve as promising candidates for clinical trials for the management of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitender Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India
| | - Pushpander Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India
| | - Rahul R Deshmukh
- School of Pharmacy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
416
|
Liu Y, Wu W, Zhou L, Cheng L, Miao C. MicroRNA-142a-3p promotes the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by targeting high-mobility group AT-hook 1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:5249-5256. [PMID: 31949605 PMCID: PMC6963016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is characterized by the excess accumulation of adipose tissues, mainly composed of adipocytes. The differentiation of adipocytes is one of the major events in the process of adipogenesis. Among various adipogenic transcription factors, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) have been identified as essential regulators of adipocyte differentiation. METHODS RT-qPCR assay was conducted to detect the expression of microRNA-142a-3p (miR-142a-3p), high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) mRNA, C/EBPα mRNA, and PPARγ mRNA. Western blot assay was performed to measure the protein levels of HMGA1, C/EBPα and PPARγ. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were carried out to explore the interaction between miR-142a-3p and HMGA1. RESULTS miR-142a-3p expression was notably increased and HMGA1 expression was markedly reduced during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Functional analysis revealed that miR-142a-3p overexpression promoted 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Further investigations on molecular mechanisms showed that HMGA1 was a target of miR-142a-3p in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Moreover, the knockdown of HMGA1 induced 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Additionally, HMGA1 silencing abolished miR-142a-3p deficiency-mediated inhibitory effect on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. CONCLUSION MiR-142a-3p overexpression facilitated 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by targeting HMGA1, highlighting the importance of miR-142a-3p, HMGA1 and the miR-142a-3p/HMGA1 axis in adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Liu
- Department of Health Science, Xi’an Physical Education UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Wenping Wu
- Graduate Faculty, Xi’an Physical Education UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Lirong Zhou
- Graduate Faculty, Xi’an Physical Education UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Liqin Cheng
- Graduate Faculty, Xi’an Physical Education UniversityXi’an, China
| | - Changqing Miao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
417
|
Cheng CY, Yang AJ, Ekambaranellore P, Huang KC, Lin WW. Anti-obesity action of INDUS810, a natural compound from Trigonella foenum-graecum: AMPK-dependent lipolysis effect in adipocytes. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 12:562-569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
418
|
Yaya S, Bishwajit G. Fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in Namibia: analysis of a nationally representative population. Health Promot Perspect 2018; 8:283-289. [PMID: 30479982 PMCID: PMC6249495 DOI: 10.15171/hpp.2018.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prevalence of F&V consumption in Namibia is not known. In this study we aimed to address this gap by using nationally representative data with the objectives of measuring the prevalence of adequate F&V consumption among adult men and women and their socio demographic determinants. Methods: This study is based on data from Namibia Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS2013). Sample population were 14 185 men and women aged between 15 and 49 years.Amount of fruit and vegetable consumption was measured by self-reported frequencies and was defined as adequate (at least 5 servings/day) according to World Health Organization (WHO)guidelines. Results: Overall, only 4.3% (3.8-4.9%) of the men and women reported consuming at least 5 servings of F&V a day, with the percentage being slightly higher among women (4.8%,95% CI=3.7-6.2) compared with men (4.2%, 95% CI=3.6-4.8). In the multivariable analysis,education level and household wealth status appeared to be the only factors associated with adequate F&V intake. Men and women who had primary level education had higher odds of eating at least 5 servings of F&V a day compared with those who had no education. Regarding wealth status, men and women from non-poor households had respectively 2.13 times(OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.01-4.48) and 2.2 times (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.56-3.38) higher odds of eating at least 5 servings of F&V a day. Conclusion: Only a small proportion of the men and women consumed adequate amount of F&V on daily basis. Having primary level education and non-poor household wealth status were positively associated with adequate amount of F&V intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Yaya
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ghose Bishwajit
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
419
|
Kim S, Lee MS, Jung S, Son HY, Park S, Kang B, Kim SY, Kim IH, Kim CT, Kim Y. Ginger Extract Ameliorates Obesity and Inflammation via Regulating MicroRNA-21/132 Expression and AMPK Activation in White Adipose Tissue. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1567. [PMID: 30360535 PMCID: PMC6266584 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginger is a plant whose rhizome is used as a spice or folk medicine. We aimed to investigate the effect of ginger root extract on obesity and inflammation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and fed either a 45% high-fat diet (HF), HF + hot-water extract of ginger (WEG; 8 g/kg diet), or HF + high-hydrostatic pressure extract of ginger (HPG; 8 g/kg diet) for 10 weeks. The HPG group had lower body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass compared to the HF group. Serum and hepatic lipid levels of HPG group were lower, while fecal lipid excretion of the HPG group was higher than that of the HF group. In the WAT of the WEG and HPG groups, mRNA levels of adipogenic genes were lower than those of the HF group. Moreover, HPG group had lower mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than did the HF group. MicroRNA (miR)-21 expression was down-regulated by both WEG and HPG. Additionally, miR-132 expression was down-regulated by HPG. The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity of HPG group was greater than that of the HF group. HPG may have beneficial effects on obesity and inflammation, partially mediated by regulation of miR-21/132 expression and AMPK activation in WAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunghae Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Mak-Soon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Hye-Yeon Son
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Seonyoung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Bori Kang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Seog-Young Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Chong-Tai Kim
- Research Group of Bioprocess Engineering, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea.
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
420
|
Thelen K, Watts SW, Contreras GA. Adipogenic potential of perivascular adipose tissue preadipocytes is improved by coculture with primary adipocytes. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1435-1445. [PMID: 30051281 PMCID: PMC6214855 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has the capacity to secrete vasoactive mediators with the potential to regulate vascular function. Given its location adjacent to the vasculature, PVAT dysfunction may be part of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. To study the mechanisms of PVAT dysfunction, several adipogenic models have been proposed. However, these approaches do not adequately reflect PVAT adipocyte phenotypes variability that depends on their anatomical location. Despite PVAT importance in modulating vascular function, to date, there is not a depot-specific adipogenic model for PVAT adipocytes. We present a model that uses coculturing of PVAT stromal vascular fraction derived preadipocytes with primary adipocytes isolated from the same PVAT. Preadipocytes were isolated from thoracic aorta PVAT and mesenteric resistance artery PVAT (mPVAT). Upon confluency, cells were induced to differentiate for 7 and 14 days using a standard protocol (SP) or standard protocol cocultured with primary adipocytes isolated from the same adipose depots (SPA) for 96, 120, and 144 h. SPA reduced the time for differentiation of stromal vascular fraction derived preadipocytes and increased their capacity to store lipids compared with SP as indicated by lipid accumulation, lipolytic responses, gene marker profile expression, and adiponectin secretion. The coculture system improved adipogenesis efficiency by enhancing lipid accumulation and reducing the time of induction, therefore, is a more efficient method compared to SP alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyan Thelen
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D202, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - G Andres Contreras
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D202, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
421
|
Porskjær Christensen L, Bahij El-Houri R. Development of an In Vitro Screening Platform for the Identification of Partial PPARγ Agonists as a Source for Antidiabetic Lead Compounds. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102431. [PMID: 30248999 PMCID: PMC6222920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder where insulin-sensitive tissues show reduced sensitivity towards insulin and a decreased glucose uptake (GU), which leads to hyperglycaemia. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ plays an important role in lipid and glucose homeostasis and is one of the targets in the discovery of drugs against T2D. Activation of PPARγ by agonists leads to a conformational change in the ligand-binding domain, a process that alters the transcription of several target genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Depending on the ligands, they can induce different sets of genes that depends of their recruitment of coactivators. The activation of PPARγ by full agonists such as the thiazolidinediones leads to improved insulin sensitivity but also to severe side effects probably due to their behavior as full agonists. Partial PPARγ agonists are compounds with diminished agonist efficacy compared to full agonist that may exhibit the same antidiabetic effect as full agonists without inducing the same magnitude of side effects. In this review, we describe a screening platform for the identification of partial PPARγ agonists from plant extracts that could be promising lead compounds for the development of antidiabetic drugs. The screening platform includes a series of in vitro bioassays, such as GU in adipocytes, PPARγ-mediated transactivation, adipocyte differentiation and gene expression as well as in silico docking for partial PPARγ agonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Porskjær Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
| | - Rime Bahij El-Houri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
422
|
Huh JY, Lee S, Ma EB, Eom HJ, Baek J, Ko YJ, Kim KH. The effects of phenolic glycosides from Betula platyphylla var. japonica on adipocyte differentiation and mature adipocyte metabolism. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1167-1173. [PMID: 30126307 PMCID: PMC6104606 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1491846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Betula platyphylla var. japonica (Betulaceae) has been used traditionally in Asian countries for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. A recent study has reported a phenolic compound, platyphylloside from B. platyphylla, that shows inhibition on adipocyte differentiation and induces lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells. Based on this finding, we conducted phytochemical analysis of the EtOH extract of the bark of B. platyphylla var. japonica, which resulted in the isolation of phenolic glycosides (1–4). Treatment of the isolated compounds (1–4) during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of adipogenesis. In mature adipocytes, arylbutanoid glycosides (2–4) induced lipolysis related genes HSL and ATGL, whereas catechin glycoside (1) had no effect. Additionally, arylbutanoid glycosides (2–4) also induced GLUT4 and adiponectin mRNA expression, indicating improvement in insulin signaling. This suggests that the isolates from B. platyphylla var. japonica exert benefial effects in regulation of adipocyte differentiation as well as adipocyte metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young Huh
- a College of Pharmacy , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Seulah Lee
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bi Ma
- a College of Pharmacy , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Eom
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- c Laboratory of Nucear Magnetic Resonance , National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities (NCIRF), Seoul National University , Gwanak-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- b School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
423
|
Morarasu BC, Haliga RE, Timofte D, Hristov I, Silivestru-Cretu I, Pascaru M, Mocanu V. PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA AND GROWTH HORMONE SEGRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR-1A MRNA EXPRESSION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE OBTAINED FROM SEVERELY OBESE PATIENTS. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.07.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
424
|
Hartman JK, Beames T, Parks B, Doheny D, Song G, Efremenko A, Yoon M, Foley B, Deisenroth C, McMullen PD, Clewell RA. An in vitro approach for prioritization and evaluation of chemical effects on glucocorticoid receptor mediated adipogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 355:112-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
425
|
Silencing LAIR-1 in human THP-1 macrophage increases foam cell formation by modulating PPARγ and M2 polarization. Cytokine 2018; 111:194-205. [PMID: 30176557 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Formation of macrophage-derived foam cells may mark the initial stages of atherosclerosis. We investigated the association between the expression of the leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR-1) in macrophages and foam cell formation. A foam cell model was established by incubating THP-1-derived macrophages and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The role of LAIR-1 in foam cell formation was evaluated via Oil Red O staining and Dil-ox-LDL fluorescence intensities. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), cholesterol metabolism-related genes, and the role of LAIR-1 in activating classically activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages were evaluated by qPCR. Additionally, activation of protein-tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) were detected by western blotting. Results indicated that silencing LAIR-1 in macrophages modulated the SHP-1/CREB/PPARγ pathway, thereby promoting M2 macrophage polarization and increasing foam cell formation. Therefore, Inhibition of LAIR-1 in macrophages may promote foam cell formation and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
426
|
Matias AM, Estevam WM, Coelho PM, Haese D, Kobi JBBS, Lima-Leopoldo AP, Leopoldo AS. Differential Effects of High Sugar, High Lard or a Combination of Both on Nutritional, Hormonal and Cardiovascular Metabolic Profiles of Rodents. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1071. [PMID: 30103515 PMCID: PMC6116051 DOI: 10.3390/nu10081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary interventions in rodents can induce an excess of adipose tissue and metabolic disorders that resemble human obesity. Nevertheless, these approaches are not standardized, and the phenotypes may vary distinctly among studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary interventions on nutritional, metabolic, biochemical, hormonal, and cardiovascular profiles, as well as to add to development and characterization of an experimental model of obesity. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: control diet (C), high-sugar (HS), high-fat (HF), or high-sugar and high-fat (HFHS). Weekly measurements of body weight, adiposity, area under the curve (AUC) for glucose, blood pressure (BP) and serum triglycerides, total cholesterol level, and leptin were performed. RESULTS HF and HFHS models were led to obesity by increases in adipose tissue deposition and the adiposity index. All hypercaloric diets presented systolic BP increases. In addition, the AUC for glucose was greater in HF and HFHS than in C, and only the HF group presented hyperleptinemia. CONCLUSIONS HF and HFHS diet approaches promote obesity and comorbidities, and thus represent a useful tool for studying human obesity-related disorders. By contrast, the HS model did not prove to be a good model of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Martins Matias
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Müller Estevam
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Murucci Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Douglas Haese
- University of Vila Velha, Vila Velha 29102-920, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Jéssika Butcovsky Botto Sarter Kobi
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
- Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - André Soares Leopoldo
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
- Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
427
|
Lee JH, Go Y, Lee B, Hwang YH, Park KI, Cho WK, Ma JY. The fruits of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. inhibits adipogenesis through modulation of mitotic clonal expansion and STAT3 activation in 3T3-L1 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:61-70. [PMID: 29689351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (G. sinensis) has been used in Oriental medicine for tumor, thrombosis, inflammation-related disease, and obesity. AIM OF THE STUDY The pharmacological inhibitory effects of fruits of G. sinensis (GFE) on hyperlipidemia have been reported, but its inhibitory effects on adipogenesis and underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. Herein we evaluated the anti-adipogenic effects of GFE and described the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of ethanol extracts of GFE on adipocyte differentiation were examined in 3T3-L1 cells using biochemical and molecular analyses. RESULTS During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, GFE significantly reduced lipid accumulation and downregulated master adipogenic transcription factors, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, at mRNA and protein levels. These changes led to the suppression of several adipogenic-specific genes and proteins, including fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, and acetyl CoA carboxylase. However, the inhibitory effects of GFE on lipogenesis were only shown when GFE is treated in the early stage of adipogenesis within the first two days of differentiation. As a potential mechanism, during the early stages of differentiation, GFE inhibited cell proliferation by a decrease in the expression of DNA synthesis-related proteins and increased p27 expression and suppressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation induced in a differentiation medium. CONCLUSIONS GFE inhibits lipogenesis by negative regulation of adipogenic transcription factors, which is associated with GFE-mediated cell cycle arrest and STAT3 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Younghoon Go
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Bonggi Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Kwang Il Park
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
428
|
Oh JH, Chong S, Nam S, Hyun S, Choi S, Gye H, Jang S, Jang J, Hwang SW, Yu J, Lee Y. Multimeric Amphipathic α-Helical Sequences for Rapid and Efficient Intracellular Protein Transport at Nanomolar Concentrations. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800240. [PMID: 30128238 PMCID: PMC6096998 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An amphipathic leucine (L) and lysine (K)-rich α-helical peptide is multimerized based on helix-loop-helix structures to maximize the penetrating activities. The multimeric LK-based cell penetrating peptides (LK-CPPs) can penetrate cells as protein-fused forms at 100-1000-fold lower concentrations than Tat peptide. The enhanced penetrating activity is increased through multimerization by degrees up to the tetramer level. The multimeric LK-CPPs show rapid cell penetration through macropinocytosis at low nanomolar concentrations, unlike the monomeric LK, which have slower penetrating kinetics at much higher concentrations. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) receptors are highly involved in the rapid internalization of multimeric LK-CPPs. As a proof of concept of biomedical applications, an adipogenic transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-γ 2), is delivered into preadipocytes, and highly enhanced expression of adipogenic genes at nanomolar concentrations is induced. The multimeric CPPs can be a useful platform for the intracellular delivery of bio-macromolecular reagents that have difficulty with penetration in order to control biological reactions in cells at feasible concentrations for biomedical purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hoon Oh
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Eun Chong
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Nam
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and EducationSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Sejong Choi
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojun Gye
- Department of Nano Science and Mechatronics EngineeringKonkuk University268 Chung Won Dae RoChungju‐CityChungbuk380‐701Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmok Jang
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Joomyung Jang
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Hwang
- Department of Nano Science and Mechatronics EngineeringKonkuk University268 Chung Won Dae RoChungju‐CityChungbuk380‐701Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry and EducationSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Lee
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National University1 Gwanak‐roGwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
429
|
Dahiya DK, Puniya AK. Conjugated linoleic acid enriched skim milk prepared with Lactobacillus fermentum DDHI27 endorsed antiobesity in mice. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:1007-1020. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the antiobesity effect of skim milk prepared with conjugated linoleic acid producing probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum DDHI27 (PCLA). Materials & methods: C57BL/6 J mice were divided into five groups, and different obesity-associated parameters were studied. Results: PCLA supplementation alleviated body weight, epididymal and mesenteric fats and improves lipid profiles. Significant ameliorations in leptin, blood glucose, hepatic steatosis and reduction in adipocytes size were also observed. Additionally, feeding also led to positive alterations in the adipogenesis transcription factors and key lipogenesis genes. Improvement in the gut microbiota dysbiosis was also revealed. Conclusion: Results inferred that PCLA exerted an antiobesity effect in diet-induced obese mice and may be further developed in the functional foods for the management of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Dahiya
- Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Anil K Puniya
- Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
- College of Dairy Science & Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| |
Collapse
|
430
|
Masia F, Glen A, Stephens P, Langbein W, Borri P. Label-free quantitative chemical imaging and classification analysis of adipogenesis using mouse embryonic stem cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700219. [PMID: 29573183 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have received much attention recently for their potential utility in regenerative medicine. The identification of their differentiated progeny often requires complex staining procedures, and is challenging for intermediary stages which are a priori unknown. In this work, the ability of label-free quantitative coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) micro-spectroscopy to identify populations of intermediate cell states during the differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells into adipocytes is assessed. Cells were imaged at different days of differentiation by hyperspectral CARS, and images were analysed with an unsupervised factorization algorithm providing Raman-like spectra and spatially resolved maps of chemical components. Chemical decomposition combined with a statistical analysis of their spatial distributions provided a set of parameters that were used for classification analysis. The first 2 principal components of these parameters indicated 3 main groups, attributed to undifferentiated cells, cells differentiated into committed white pre-adipocytes, and differentiating cells exhibiting a distinct protein globular structure with adjacent lipid droplets. An unsupervised classification methodology was developed, separating undifferentiated cell from cells in other stages, using a novel method to estimate the optimal number of clusters. The proposed unsupervised classification pipeline of hyperspectral CARS data offers a promising new tool for automated cell sorting in lineage analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Masia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Adam Glen
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Phil Stephens
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Paola Borri
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
431
|
Gallotannin derivatives from mango ( Mangifera indica L.) suppress adipogenesis and increase thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in part through the AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
432
|
Dietary vitamin A impacts DNA methylation patterns of adipogenesis-related genes in suckling rats. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
433
|
Chaker D, Mouawad C, Azar A, Quilliot D, Achkar I, Fajloun Z, Makdissy N. Inhibition of the RhoGTPase Cdc42 by ML141 enhances hepatocyte differentiation from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the Wnt5a/PI3K/miR-122 pathway: impact of the age of the donor. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:167. [PMID: 29921325 PMCID: PMC6009972 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) are promising cells that may promote hepatocyte differentiation (Hep-Dif) and improve liver function, but the involvement of Cdc42, a key small RhoGTPase which plays a crucial role in aging, is still not well established. We hypothesized that the inhibition of Cdc42 may rescue the hepatogenic potential of hADSCs derived from aged donors. Methods hADSCs isolated from 61 women of different ages were cultured for evaluation of the proliferation of cells, adherence, apoptosis, immunomodulation, immunophenotyping, multipotency, gene expression, and cell function during Hep-Dif. Inhibition of Cdc42 by ML141 was realized during two phases: initiation (days –2 to 14 (D–2/14)) from undifferentiated to hepatoblast-like cells, or maturation (days 14 to 28 (D14/28)) from undifferentiated to hepatocyte-like cells. Mechanistic insights of the Wnt(s)/MAPK/PI3K/miR-122 pathways were studied. Results Cdc42 activity in undifferentiated hADSCs showed an age-dependent significant increase in Cdc42-GTP correlated to a decrease in Cdc42GAP; the low potentials of cell proliferation, doubling, adherence, and immunomodulatory ability (proinflammatory over anti-inflammatory) contrary to the apoptotic index of the aged group were significantly reversed by ML141. Aged donor cells showed a decreased potential for Hep-Dif which was rescued by ML141 treatment, giving rise to mature and functional hepatocyte-like cells as assessed by hepatic gene expression, cytochrome activity, urea and albumin production, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, and glycogen storage. ML141-induced Hep-Dif showed an improvement in mesenchymal-epithelial transition, a switch from Wtn-3a/β-catenin to Wnt5a signaling, involvement of PI3K/PKB but not the MAPK (ERK/JNK/p38) pathway, induction of miR-122 expression, reinforcing the exosomes release and the production of albumin, and epigenetic changes. Inhibition of PI3K and miR-122 abolished completely the effects of ML141 indicating that inhibition of Cdc42 promotes the Hep-Dif through a Wnt5a/PI3K/miR-122/HNF4α/albumin/E-cadherin-positive action. The ML141(D–2/14) protocol had more pronounced effects when compared with ML141(D14/28); inhibition of DNA methylation in combination with ML141(D–2/14) showed more efficacy in rescuing the Hep-Dif of aged hADSCs. In addition to Hep-Dif, the multipotency of aged hADSC-treated ML141 was observed by rescuing the adipocyte and neural differentiation by inducing PPARγ/FABP4 and NeuN/O4 but inhibiting Pref-1 and GFAP, respectively. Conclusion ML141 has the potential to reverse the age-related aberrations in aged stem cells and promotes their hepatogenic differentiation. Selective inhibition of Cdc42 could be a potential target of drug therapy for aging and may give new insights on the improvement of Hep-Dif. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0910-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Chaker
- Lebanese University, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Reviva Regenerative Medicine Center, Human Genetic Center, Middle East Institute of Health Hospital, Bsalim, Lebanon.,Paris Saclay University, Doctoral School, Therapeutical Innovation, Inserm UMR935, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Albert Azar
- Reviva Regenerative Medicine Center, Human Genetic Center, Middle East Institute of Health Hospital, Bsalim, Lebanon
| | - Didier Quilliot
- Diabetologia-Endocrinology & Nutrition, CHRU Nancy, INSERM 954, University Henri Poincaré de Lorraine, Faculty of Medicine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Ziad Fajloun
- Lebanese University, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences III, Department of Biology, Kobbe, Lebanon
| | - Nehman Makdissy
- Lebanese University, Doctoral School for Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology, Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, Tripoli, Lebanon. .,Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences III, Department of Biology, Kobbe, Lebanon.
| |
Collapse
|
434
|
Rothenberg DO, Zhou C, Zhang L. A Review on the Weight-Loss Effects of Oxidized Tea Polyphenols. Molecules 2018; 23:E1176. [PMID: 29758009 PMCID: PMC6099746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic systems in the body through which tea causes weight loss are complex and multi-dimensional. Additionally, the bioactive components in tea such as catechins, caffeine, and products of tea polyphenol oxidation vary greatly from one major tea type to the next. Green tea has been the primary subject of consideration for investigation into the preventative health effects of tea because it contains the highest levels of phenolic compounds and retains the highest antioxidant capabilities of any major tea type. However, recent research suggests decreasing body fat accumulation has little to do with antioxidant activity and more to do with enzyme inhibition, and gut microbiota interactions. This paper reviews several different tea polyphenol-induced weight-loss mechanisms, and purposes a way in which these mechanisms may be interrelated. Our original 'short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) hypothesis' suggests that the weight-loss efficacy of a given tea is determined by a combination of carbohydrate digestive enzyme inhibition and subsequent reactions of undigested carbohydrates with gut microbiota. These reactions among residual carbohydrates, tea polyphenols, and gut microbiota within the colon produce short-chain fatty acids, which enhance lipid metabolism through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Some evidence suggests the mechanisms involved in SCFA generation may be triggered more strongly by teas that have undergone fermentation (black, oolong, and dark) than by non-fermented (green) teas. We discussed the mechanistic differences among fermented and non-fermented teas in terms of enzyme inhibition, interactions with gut microbiota, SCFA generation, and lipid metabolism. The inconsistent results and possible causes behind them are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caibi Zhou
- Department of Tea Science, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, China.
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
435
|
Mizuno M, Katano H, Mabuchi Y, Ogata Y, Ichinose S, Fujii S, Otabe K, Komori K, Ozeki N, Koga H, Tsuji K, Akazawa C, Muneta T, Sekiya I. Specific markers and properties of synovial mesenchymal stem cells in the surface, stromal, and perivascular regions. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:123. [PMID: 29720268 PMCID: PMC5930798 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for cartilage and meniscus regeneration. Synovial tissue can be histologically classified into three regions; surface, stromal and perivascular region, but the localization of synovial MSCs has not been fully investigated. We identified markers specific for each region, and compared properties of MSCs derived from each region in the synovium. Methods The intensity of immunostaining with 19 antibodies was examined for surface, stromal, and perivascular regions of human synovium from six osteoarthritis patients. Specific markers were identified and synovial cells derived from each region were sorted. Proliferation, surface marker expression, chondrogenesis, calcification and adipogenesis potentials were compared in synovial MSCs derived from the three regions. Results We selected CD55+ CD271− for synovial cells in the surface region, CD55− CD271− in the stromal region, and CD55− CD271+ in the perivascular region. The ratio of the sorted cells to non-hematopoietic lineage cells was 5% in the surface region, 70% in the stromal region and 15% in the perivascular region. Synovial cells in the perivascular fraction had the greatest proliferation potential. After expansion, surface marker expression profiles and adipogenesis potentials were similar but chondrogenic and calcification potentials were higher in synovial MSCs derived from the perivascular region than in those derived from the surface and stromal regions. Conclusions We identified specific markers to isolate synovial cells from the surface, stromal, and perivascular regions of the synovium. Synovial MSCs in the perivascular region had the highest proliferative and chondrogenic potentials among the three regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hisako Katano
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shizuka Fujii
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Otabe
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Komori
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tsuji
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Muneta
- National Hospital Organization, Disaster Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
436
|
Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 deficiency impairs 3T3L1 cell adipogenesis through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:834-843. [PMID: 29673706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Levels of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PC) influence plasma membrane structure and function. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is synthesized de novo in the Kennedy pathway and then undergoes extensive deacylation/reacylation remodeling via Lands' cycle (non-Kennedy pathway). The reacylation is catalyzed by lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT), which adds a polyunsaturated fatty acid at the sn-2 position. Four LPCAT isoforms have been described to date, among which we found LPCAT3 to be the major isoform in adipose tissue, but its exact role in adipogenesis is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether LPCAT3 activity affects 3T3L1 cell adipogenic differentiation potential and its underline mechanism. Lentivirus-mediated LPCAT3 shRNA expression stably knocked down LPCAT3 in 3T3L1 preadipocytes and LPCAT3 deficiency dramatically reduced the levels of cellular polyunsaturated PCs. Importantly, we found that this deficiency activated the β-catenin dependent Wnt signaling pathway, which suppressed the expression of adipogenesis-related genes, thereby inhibiting 3T3L1 preadipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. Moreover, three different Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors reversed the effect of LPCAP3 deficiency, suggesting that Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation is one of the causes for the observed phenotypes. To the best of our knowledge, we show here for the first time that PC remodeling is an important regulator of adipocyte differentiation.
Collapse
|
437
|
Integration of human adipocyte chromosomal interactions with adipose gene expression prioritizes obesity-related genes from GWAS. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1512. [PMID: 29666371 PMCID: PMC5904163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is a hallmark of obesity and overweight, which affect 2.2 billion people world-wide. Understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms that underlie obesity-related phenotypes can help to improve treatment options and drug development. Here we perform promoter Capture Hi-C in human adipocytes to investigate interactions between gene promoters and distal elements as a transcription-regulating mechanism contributing to these phenotypes. We find that promoter-interacting elements in human adipocytes are enriched for adipose-related transcription factor motifs, such as PPARG and CEBPB, and contribute to heritability of cis-regulated gene expression. We further intersect these data with published genome-wide association studies for BMI and BMI-related metabolic traits to identify the genes that are under genetic cis regulation in human adipocytes via chromosomal interactions. This integrative genomics approach identifies four cis-eQTL-eGene relationships associated with BMI or obesity-related traits, including rs4776984 and MAP2K5, which we further confirm by EMSA, and highlights 38 additional candidate genes.
Collapse
|
438
|
Pomatto V, Cottone E, Cocci P, Mozzicafreddo M, Mosconi G, Nelson ER, Palermo FA, Bovolin P. Plasticizers used in food-contact materials affect adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 178:322-332. [PMID: 29410257 PMCID: PMC5993210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that exposure to some plasticizers, such as Bisphenol A (BPA), play a role in endocrine/metabolic dispruption and can affect lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Here, we investigated the adipogenic activity and nuclear receptor interactions of four plasticizers approved for the manufacturing of food-contact materials (FCMs) and currently considered safer alternatives. Differentiating 3T3-L1 mouse preadipocytes were exposed to scalar concentrations (0.01-25 μM) of DiNP (Di-iso-nonyl-phthalate), DiDP (Di-iso-decyl-phthalate), DEGDB (Diethylene glycol dibenzoate), or TMCP (Tri-m-cresyl phosphate). Rosiglitazone, a well-known pro-adipogenic peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, and the plasticizer BPA were included as reference compounds. All concentrations of plasticizers were able to enhance lipid accumulation, with TMCP being the most effective one. Accordingly, when comparing in silico the ligand binding efficiencies to the nuclear receptors PPARγ and retinoid-X-receptor-alpha (RXRα), TMPC displayed the highest affinity to both receptors. Differently from BPA, the four plasticizers were most effective in enhancing lipid accumulation when added in the mid-late phase of differentiation, thus suggesting the involvement of different intracellular signalling pathways. In line with this, TMCP, DiDP, DiNP and DEGDB were able to activate PPARγ in transient transfection assays, while previous studies demonstrated that BPA acts mainly through other nuclear receptors. qRT-PCR studies showed that all plasticizers were able to increase the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (Cebpβ) in the early steps of adipogenesis, and the adipogenesis master gene Pparγ2 in the middle phase, with very similar efficacy to that of Rosiglitazone. In addition, TMCP was able to modulate the expression of both Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4/Adipocyte Protein 2 (Fabp4/Ap2) and Lipoprotein Lipase (Lpl) transcripts in the late phase of adipogenesis. DEGDB increased the expression of Lpl only, while the phthalate DiDP did not change the expression of either late-phase marker genes Fabp4 and Lpl. Taken together, our results suggest that exposure to low, environmentally relevant doses of the plasticizers DiNP, DiDP, DEGDB and TMCP increase lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, an effect likely mediated through activation of PPARγ and interference at different levels with the transcriptional cascade driving adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pomatto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Erika Cottone
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicines, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Matteo Mozzicafreddo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicines, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gilberto Mosconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicines, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Erik Russel Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Patrizia Bovolin
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
439
|
Modi S, Yaluri N, Kokkola T. Strigolactone GR24 and pinosylvin attenuate adipogenesis and inflammation of white adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:164-169. [PMID: 29550483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excess fat accumulation in white adipose tissue, which triggers chronic low-grade inflammation through secretion of pro-inflammatory factors by the enlarged adipocytes and infiltrated macrophages. This affects glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, inducing type 2 diabetes. NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is known to inhibit adipogenesis through the regulation of the key adipogenic transcription factors, PPARγ and C/EBPα. SIRT1 activators such as resveratrol inhibit adipogenesis and exert anti-inflammatory responses in the adipose tissue. We aimed to investigate the role of two SIRT1 activating plant-derived compounds, strigolactone analog GR24 and pinosylvin, in adipogenesis and inflammation of murine adipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes and were treated with GR24 and pinosylvin. Resveratrol was used as a reference treatment. The effects of these compounds on adipogenesis and inflammation were explored by different methods such as cytotoxicity assays, lipid staining, western blotting and ELISA. GR24 upregulated SIRT1 and enhanced the production of NAD+, an essential SIRT1 substrate. GR24, pinosylvin and resveratrol attenuated adipogenesis via inhibiting the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα and protected against inflammation by inhibiting TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 secretion. GR24 also inhibited NF-κB activation. Our results demonstrate for the first time the beneficial effects of strigolactone GR24 and pinosylvin on adipogenesis and inflammation in adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalem Modi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nagendra Yaluri
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Kokkola
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
440
|
Balan D, Chan KL, Murugan D, AbuBakar S, Wong PF. Antiadipogenic effects of a standardized quassinoids-enriched fraction and eurycomanone fromEurycoma longifolia. Phytother Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Balan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Kit-Lam Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Science Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - D. Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
441
|
Sugimoto R, Ishibashi-Ohgo N, Atsuji K, Miwa Y, Iwata O, Nakashima A, Suzuki K. Euglena extract suppresses adipocyte-differentiation in human adipose-derived stem cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192404. [PMID: 29447191 PMCID: PMC5813920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Euglena gracilis Z (Euglena) is a unicellular, photosynthesizing, microscopic green alga. It contains several nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids. In this study, to verify the potential role of Euglena consumption on human health and obesity, we evaluated the effect of Euglena on human adipose-derived stem cells. We prepared a Euglena extract and evaluated its effect on cell growth and lipid accumulation, and found that cell growth was promoted by the addition of the Euglena extract. Interestingly, intracellular lipid accumulation was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis and western blotting analysis indicated that the Euglena extract suppressed adipocyte differentiation by inhibiting the gene expression of the master regulators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and one of three CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPα). Further Oil Red O staining experiments indicated that the Euglena extract inhibited the early stage of adipocyte-differentiation. Consistent with these results, we observed that down-regulation of gene expression was involved in the early stage of adipogenesis represented by the sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 c (SREBP1c), two of three CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPβ, C/EBPδ), and the cAMP regulatory element-binding protein (CREB). Taken together, these data suggest that Euglena extract is a promising candidate for the development of a new therapeutic treatment for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sugimoto
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Ishibashi-Ohgo
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Atsuji
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Miwa
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Iwata
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakashima
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- Department of Research and Development, euglena Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
442
|
Adipose depot-specific effects of ileal interposition surgery in UCD-T2D rats: unexpected implications for obesity and diabetes. Biochem J 2018; 475:649-662. [PMID: 29321243 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ileal interposition (IT) surgery delays the onset of diabetes in a rat model of type-2 diabetes (UCD-T2DM). Here, to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular events underlying the effects of IT surgery, we examined the changes in the proteome of four white adipose depots (retroperitoneal, mesenteric, inguinal, and epididymal) and plasma-free fatty acid profile in pre-diabetic rats 1.5 months following IT or sham surgery. The IT-mediated changes were exerted mainly in mesenteric fat and spanned from delayed adipocyte maturation to a neuroendocrine remodeling. Conversely, inguinal, retroperitoneal, and epididymal depots showed opposite trends consistent with increased adipocyte maturation and adipogenesis development prior to overt signs of diabetes, probably orchestrated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling and higher plasma n-6/n-3 free fatty acid ratios. The resulting scenario suggests a targeted use of surgical strategies that seek to delay or improve diabetes in order to manipulate adipose depot-specific responses to maximize the duration and beneficial effects of the surgery.
Collapse
|
443
|
Anitua E, Troya M, Zalduendo M. Progress in the use of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative medicine. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:479-498. [PMID: 29449086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering is emerging as a multidisciplinary area with promising potential for regenerating new tissues and organs. This approach requires the involvement of three essential components: stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors. To date, dental pulp stem cells have received special attention because they represent a readily accessible source of stem cells. Their high plasticity and multipotential capacity to differentiate into a large array of tissues can be explained by its neural crest origin, which supports applications beyond the scope of oral tissues. Many isolation, culture and cryopreservation protocols have been proposed that are known to affect cell phenotype, proliferation rate and differentiation capacity. The clinical applications of therapies based on dental pulp stem cells demand the development of new biomaterials suitable for regenerative purposes that can act as scaffolds to handle, carry and implant stem cells into patients. Currently, the development of xeno-free culture media is emerging as a means of standardization to improve safe and reproducibility. The present review aims to describe the current knowledge of dental pulp stem cells, considering in depth the key aspects related to the characterization, establishment, maintenance and cryopreservation of primary cultures and their involvement in the multilineage differentiation potential. The main clinical applications for these stem cells and their combination with several biomaterials is also covered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - María Troya
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mar Zalduendo
- BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology UIRMI, UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
444
|
Modulation of Adipocyte Differentiation and Proadipogenic Gene Expression by Sulforaphane, Genistein, and Docosahexaenoic Acid as a First Step to Counteract Obesity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1617202. [PMID: 29576843 PMCID: PMC5821952 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1617202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excess body fat accumulation due to an increase in the size and number of differentiated mature adipocytes. Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by genetic and environmental factors, and its inhibition could represent a strategy for obesity prevention and treatment. The current study was designed with two aims: (i) to evaluate the changes in the expression of adipogenic markers (C/EBPα, PPARγ variant 1 and variant 2, and GLUT4) in 3T3-L1 murine preadipocytes at four stages of the differentiation process and (ii) to compare the effectiveness of sulforaphane, genistein, and docosahexaenoic acid in reducing lipid accumulation and modulating C/EBPα, PPARγ1, PPARγ2, and GLUT4 mRNA expression in mature adipocytes. All bioactive compounds were shown to suppress adipocyte differentiation, although with different effectiveness. These results set the stage for further studies considering natural food constituents as important agents in preventing or treating obesity.
Collapse
|
445
|
Ros P, Díaz F, Freire-Regatillo A, Argente-Arizón P, Barrios V, Argente J, Chowen JA. Resveratrol Intake During Pregnancy and Lactation Modulates the Early Metabolic Effects of Maternal Nutrition Differently in Male and Female Offspring. Endocrinology 2018; 159:810-825. [PMID: 29186387 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poor maternal nutrition can have detrimental long-term consequences on energy homeostasis in the offspring. Resveratrol exerts antioxidant and antiobesity actions, but its impact during development remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that resveratrol intake during pregnancy and lactation could improve the effects of poor maternal nutrition on offspring metabolism. Wistar rats received a low-fat diet (LFD; 10.2% kcal from fat) or high-fat diet (HFD; 61.6% kcal from fat), with half of each group receiving resveratrol in their drinking water (50 mg/L) during pregnancy and lactation. Body weight (BW) of dams was measured at treatment onset and weaning [postnatal day (PND) 21] and of pups at birth and PND21, at which time dams and pups were euthanized. Although HFD dams consumed more energy, their BW at the end of lactation was unaffected. Mean litter size was not modified by maternal diet or resveratrol. At birth, male offspring from HFD and resveratrol (HFD + R) dams weighed less than those from LFD and resveratrol (LFD + R) dams. On PND21, pups of both sexes from HFD dams weighed more, had more visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), and had higher serum leptin levels than those from LFD dams. Resveratrol reduced BW, leptin, VAT, and SCAT, with females being more affected, but increased glycemia. Neuropeptide levels were unaffected by resveratrol. In conclusion, resveratrol intake during pregnancy and lactation decreased BW and adipose tissue content in offspring of dams on an HFD but did not affect offspring from LFD-fed dams, suggesting that the potential protective effects of resveratrol during gestation/lactation are diet dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purificación Ros
- Hospital Universitario Puerto de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Díaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Freire-Regatillo
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Argente-Arizón
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Barrios
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid + Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie A Chowen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
446
|
Zaiou M, El Amri H, Bakillah A. The clinical potential of adipogenesis and obesity-related microRNAs. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:91-111. [PMID: 29170059 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem commonly associated with numerous metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer. The burden of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases are believed to arise through complex interplay between genetics and epigenetics predisposition, nutrition, environment, and lifestyle. However, the molecular basis and the repertoire of obesity-affecting factors are still unknown. Emerging evidence is connecting microRNAs (miRNAs) dysregulation with adipogenesis and obesity. Alteration in miRNAs expression could result in changes in the pattern of genes controlling a range of biological processes including inflammation, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and adipogenesis. Hence, understanding exact roles of miRNAs as well as the degree of their contribution to the regulation of adipogenesis and fat cell development in obesity would provide new therapeutic targets for the development of novel and effective anti-obesity drugs. The objective of the current review is to: (i) discuss some of the latest development on relevant miRNAs dysregulation mainly in human adipogenesis and obesity, (ii) emphasize the role of circulating miRNAs as new promising therapeutics and attractive potential biomarkers for treating obesity and associated risk factor diseases, (iii) describe how dietary factors may influence obesity through modulation of miRNAs expression, (iv) highlight some of the actual limitations to the promise of miRNAs as novel therapeutics as well as to their translation for the benefit of patients, and finally (v) provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based therapeutics that could lead to a breakthrough in the treatment of obesity and its associated pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Zaiou
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - H El Amri
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Gendarmerie Royale, Avenue Ibn Sina, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - A Bakillah
- State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Department of Medicine, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
447
|
Kuten O, Simon M, Hornyák I, De Luna-Preitschopf A, Nehrer S, Lacza Z. The Effects of Hyperacute Serum on Adipogenesis and Cell Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1011-1021. [PMID: 29265000 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat tissue, due to its high concentration of stem cells, has a role in aesthetic medicine and reconstructive surgery. However, poor survival of the transplanted cells still limits the usefulness of this material in regenerative medicine. Several studies indicated that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve adipose tissue viability due to its growth factor content. This study aimed at investigating the effects of PRP and hyperacute serum (HAS) on the adipogenic lineage in vitro. PRP was prepared by using two centrifugation steps in the presence of anticoagulants, and HAS was isolated from activated platelet-rich fibrin within 10 min of blood drawing to prevent the propagation of inflammatory cascades. Metabolic activity and proliferation rate of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultivated in media supplemented with three types of serum additives (fetal calf serum [FCS], human PRP, or HAS) was determined by using a tetrazolium assay. Adipogenesis was evaluated in standard and pro-adipogenic media and tested by oil red staining, triglyceride content, and expression of specific genes. Adipogenic regulators in the sera were measured by multiplex ELISA assays. We observed that proliferation of hMSCs was supported by both FCS and HAS in a time-dependent manner, but surprisingly, PRP had a much weaker effect (change in proliferation rate after 5 days relative to metabolic activity on day 0-FCS: 5.4-fold change, HAS: 5.8-fold change, serum free 1.9-fold change, PRP: 3.0-fold change, p < 0.05). Lipogenesis was only observed in groups with adipogenic differentiation medium, with HAS showing a significantly stronger effect than PRP. This was confirmed by intensive accumulation of lysochrome dye in lipid droplets, higher triglyceride concentration, and elevated expression of specific adipogenic genes. Measurement of lipogenic proteins in the sera revealed that both PRP and HAS are abundant in them; however, PRP also contains anti-adipogenic factors, which explains its weaker and less reliable effect. The results of this study suggest that HAS provides more robust support than PRP in hMSCs proliferation as well as lipogenic differentiation, indicating that it may be a better adjuvant in fat grafting procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kuten
- 1 OrthoSera GmbH , Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Melinda Simon
- 2 Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Hornyák
- 2 Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Stefan Nehrer
- 3 Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Orthopedics, Danube University Krems , Krems, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
448
|
Yang Y, Qi Q, Wang Y, Shi Y, Yang W, Cen Y, Zhu E, Li X, Chen D, Wang B. Cysteine-rich protein 61 regulates adipocyte differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and canonical Wnt signaling. FASEB J 2018; 32:3096-3107. [PMID: 29401606 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700830rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61) plays a role in the differentiation and development of chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts; however, little is known about its role in adipogenesis. The current study indicates that the expression level of Cyr61 was altered in primary cultured marrow stromal cells and the established mesenchymal cell line, C3H10T1/2, after adipogenic treatment. Overexpressing Cyr61 repressed C3H10T1/2 and primary marrow stromal cells to differentiate into mature adipocytes. Conversely, inhibition of endogenous Cyr61 induced C3H10T1/2 and primary marrow stromal cells to fully differentiate. Mechanism investigations reveal that knockdown of Cyr61 inhibited the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and decreased nuclear protein levels of β-catenin and transcription factor 7-like 2. Moreover, the silencing of Cyr61 increased protein levels of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1, mammalian target of rapamycin, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1, and ribosomal protein S6-the major components of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling-in C3H10T1/2 cells. Additional investigations demonstrated that treatment with rapamycin significantly attenuated adipocyte formation that was induced by Cyr61 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. Moreover, Cyr61 siRNA also lost its ability to stimulate adipocyte formation under the background of β-catenin overexpression. Taken together, our study provides evidence that CYR61 regulates adipocyte differentiation via multiple signaling pathways that involve at least the inactivation of mTORC1 signaling and the activation of canonical Wnt signaling.-Yang, Y., Qi, Q., Wang, Y., Shi, Y., Yang, W., Cen, Y., Zhu, E., Li, X., Chen, D., Wang, B. Cysteine-rich protein 61 regulates adipocyte differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and canonical Wnt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaru Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weili Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunzhu Cen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Endong Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Baoli Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Ministry of Health, Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Collaborative Innovation Center for Metabolic Diseases, Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
449
|
Najar M, Dollé L, Crompot E, Verhulst S, van Grunsven LA, Busser H, Lagneaux L. Isolation and Characterization of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Subsets in Culture Based on Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:89-98. [PMID: 29241418 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have particular properties that allow their use as therapeutic strategies for several cell-based applications. Historically, bone marrow (BM)-MSCs are isolated by culture adherence since specific cell surface markers are yet to be developed. This original work aimed to identify and characterize isolating expanded BM-MSCs based on their aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity known to be a hallmark of stem cells and relevant for their isolation. We thus isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting technology two functionally different populations of BM-MSCs depending on their ALDH activity (ALDH+ and ALDH-). Transcriptome analysis and profiling clearly demonstrated that both populations of BM-MSCs present distinct pattern of genes related to the main properties of MSCs (proliferation, response to hypoxia, angiogenesis, phenotype, stemness, multilineage, hematopoiesis, immunomodulation) in an ALDH activity dependent manner. Both BM-MSC populations look to significantly differ in terms of biological responses and functionalities. More functional analyses are needed to understand and characterize the properties of these ALDH populations. Collectively, our results highlight ALDH activity as a potential feature for isolating and segregating functional and/or competent subset of BM-MSC populations, which may account for better and more efficient therapeutic issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- 1 Department of Haematology, Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LTCC), Jules Bordet Institute , Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Dollé
- 2 Department of Cell Biology (CYTO-VUB), Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emerence Crompot
- 1 Department of Haematology, Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LTCC), Jules Bordet Institute , Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Verhulst
- 2 Department of Cell Biology (CYTO-VUB), Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leo A van Grunsven
- 2 Department of Cell Biology (CYTO-VUB), Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hélène Busser
- 1 Department of Haematology, Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LTCC), Jules Bordet Institute , Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- 1 Department of Haematology, Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LTCC), Jules Bordet Institute , Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
450
|
Chang SF, Yeh CC, Chen PJ, Chang HI. The Impact of Lipid Types and Liposomal Formulations on Osteoblast Adiposity and Mineralization. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010095. [PMID: 29301300 PMCID: PMC6017718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that fat accumulation in bone cells is detrimental to bone mass. Both adipocytes and osteoblasts are derived from common multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hence the presence of fat may increase adipocyte proliferation, differentiation and fat accumulation while inhibiting osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Lipids are common constituents in supramolecular vesicles (e.g., micelles or liposomes) that serve as drug delivery systems. Liposomal formulations such as Meriva® were proven to decrease joint pain and improve joint function in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. In this study, we evaluated how lipid types and liposomal formulations affect osteoblast behavior including cell viability, differentiation, mineralization and inflammation. Various liposomal formulations were prepared using different types of lipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine (DOPE), cholesterol (Chol), 3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol hydrochloride (DC-cholesterol HCl), and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride salt (DOTAP) to investigate the impact on osteoblast differentiation and inflammation. The results indicated that cationic lipids, DC-cholesterol and DOTAP, presented higher dose-dependent cytotoxicity and caused high level of inflammatory responses. Due to the natural properties of lipids, all the lipids can induce lipid droplet formation in osteoblasts but the level of lipid droplet accumulation was different. In comparison with cationic lipids, neutral lipids induced less adiposity, and maintained high osteoblast mineralization. Similar to previous researches, we also confirmed an inverse relationship between lipid droplet formation and osteoblast mineralization in 7F2 mouse osteoblasts. Importantly, PC containing liposomes (PC only and PC/DOTAP) suppressed IL-1β-induced gene expression of COX-2 and MMP-3 but not Chol/DOTAP liposomes or DC-Chol/DOPE liposomes. Taken together, we suggested that PC contained liposomes could provide the best liposomal formulation for the treatment of bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chang Yeh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 600, Sec. 2, Shixian Road, West District, Chiayi City 60090, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Jyun Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chia Yi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chia Yi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|