1
|
Rosano A, Bicaj M, Cillerai M, Ponzano M, Cabona C, Gemelli C, Caponnetto C, Pardini M, Signori A, Uccelli A, Schenone A, Ferraro PM. Psychological resilience is protective against cognitive deterioration in motor neuron diseases. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39138961 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2024.2385690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies suggest that psychological resilience (PR) is associated with more well-preserved cognition in healthy subjects (HS), but an investigation of such phenomenon in patients with motor neuron diseases (MNDs) is still lacking. The aim of our study was therefore to evaluate PR and its relationship with baseline cognitive/behavioral and mood symptoms, as well as longitudinal cognitive functioning, in MNDs. METHODS 94 MND patients and 87 demographically matched HS were enrolled. PR was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Patients were further evaluated both at baseline and every 6 months for cognitive/behavioral disturbances using the Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS), and for mood symptoms using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). CD-RISC scores were compared between patients and HS using the Mann-Whitney U test, and regression models were applied to evaluate the role of CD-RISC scores in predicting baseline cognitive/behavioral and mood measures, as well as longitudinal cognitive performances, in MND patients. RESULTS MND cases showed significantly greater PR compared to HS (p from <0.001 to 0.02). In MNDs, higher PR levels were significant predictors of both greater cognitive performance (p from 0.01 to 0.05) and milder mood symptoms (p from <0.001 to 0.04) at baseline, as well as less severe memory decline (p from 0.001 to 0.04) longitudinally. CONCLUSIONS PR is an important protective factor against the onset and evolution of cognitive/mood disturbances in MNDs, suggesting the usefulness of resilience enhancement psychological interventions to prevent or delay cognitive and mood disorders in these neurodegenerative conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rosano
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuel Bicaj
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Cillerai
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta Ponzano
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Corrado Cabona
- Department of Neurophysiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, and
| | - Chiara Gemelli
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Caponnetto
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Pardini
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pilar M Ferraro
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grasset L, Zeki Al Hazzouri A, Milazzo F, Lu P, Elfassy T, Elbejjani M, Vittinghoff E, Yaffe K. Long-Term Depressive Symptom Trajectories and Midlife Cognition: The CARDIA Study. Neurology 2024; 103:e209510. [PMID: 38865677 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The nature of associations between depressive symptoms and cognition early in the life course remains unclear, and racial differences in these associations are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between trajectories of depressive symptom over 20 years, beginning in young adulthood, and cognitive functions in middle-age among Black and White adults. METHODS We used prospective data from participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study. Depressive symptoms were measured at 5 study visits between 1990 and 2010 using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. We used latent class group-based modeling to identify 4 trajectories: "persistently low," "persistently medium," "medium decreasing," and "high increasing" depressive symptoms. In 2015, cognitive function was measured using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Stroop test (reverse coded), and Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT).We excluded participants who missed the cognitive battery or had no depressive symptoms measurements, resulting in a total of 3,117 participants. All cognitive tests were standardized, and linear regression was used to relate depressive trajectories with 2015 cognitive functions. RESULTS The mean [SD] baseline age was 30.1 [3.6] years, and 57% were female. The associations between depressive symptoms and cognition significantly differed by race (p < 0.05). Among Black individuals, compared with having "persistently low," having "medium decreasing," "persistently medium," or "high increasing" depressive symptoms were associated with worse verbal memory, processing speed, and executive function scores (RAVLT persistently medium vs low: β = -0.30, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.12; and high increasing vs low: β = -0.49, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.27; DSST persistently medium vs low: β = -0.28, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.09; and high increasing vs low: β = -0.64, 95% CI -0.87 to -0.42; Stroop persistently medium vs low: β = -0.46, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.23; and high increasing vs low: β = -0.76, 95% CI -1.04 to -0.47). Associations were slightly weaker among White individuals, but we still found that having 'high increasing' depressive symptoms was associated with worse verbal memory and processing speed scores (high increasing vs low: β = -0.38, 95% CI -0.61 to -0.15; and β = -0.40, 95% CI -0.63 to -0.18, respectively). DISCUSSION Prolonged exposure to elevated depressive symptoms beginning in young adulthood may result in worse cognitive function over midlife. This association was stronger among Black adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Grasset
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Floriana Milazzo
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Peiyi Lu
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Tali Elfassy
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Martine Elbejjani
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- From the Univ. Bordeaux (L.G.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, UMR 1219; Inserm, CIC1401-EC, Bordeaux, France; Department of Epidemiology (A.Z.A.H., F.M., P.L.), Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY; Division of Medicine (T.E.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; Clinical Research Institute (M.E.), Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; and Departments of Psychiatry (E.V., K.Y.), Neurology, and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kallianpur KJ, Obhi HK, Donlon T, Masaki K, Willcox B, Martin P. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between late-life depressive symptoms and cognitive deficits: 20-year follow-up of the Kuakini Honolulu-Asia aging study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 127:105551. [PMID: 38968756 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine depressed affect, somatic complaints, and positive affect as longitudinal predictors of fluid, crystallized and global cognitive performance in the Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), a large prospective cohort study of Japanese-American men. METHODS We assessed 3,088 dementia-free Kuakini-HAAS participants aged 71-93 (77.1 ± 4.2) years at baseline (1991-1993). Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Baseline CES-D depression subscales (depressed and positive affects; somatic complaints) were computed. The Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) measured cognitive performance on a 100-point scale; fluid and crystallized cognitive abilities were derived from CASI factor analysis. Cognition was also evaluated at 4 follow-up examinations over a 20-year period. Multiple regression assessed baseline CES-D subscales as predictors of cognitive change. The baseline covariates analyzed were CASI, age, education, prevalent stroke, APOE ε4 presence, and the longevity-associated FOXO3 genotype. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, baseline CES-D subscales were related to cognitive measures; e.g., higher depressed affect was associated with lower crystallized ability (β = -0.058, p ≤ 0.01), and somatic complaints were linked to poorer fluid ability (β = -0.045, p ≤ 0.05) and to worse global cognitive function as measured by total CASI score (β = -0.038, p ≤ 0.05). However, depression subscales did not significantly or consistently predict fluid ability, crystallized ability, or global cognitive performance over time. CONCLUSION Psychological and physical well-being were associated with contemporaneous but not subsequent cognitive functioning. Assessment of depressive symptoms may identify individuals who are likely to benefit from interventions to improve mood and somatic health and thereby maintain or enhance cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana J Kallianpur
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; Kamehameha Schools-Kapālama, Honolulu, HI, United States.
| | - Hardeep K Obhi
- School of Medicine Office of Research, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Donlon
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Kamal Masaki
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Bradley Willcox
- Kuakini Center for Translational Research on Aging, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Peter Martin
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Damsgaard L, Janbek J, Laursen TM, Høgh P, Vestergaard K, Gottrup H, Jensen‐Dahm C, Waldemar G. Mapping morbidity 10 years prior to a diagnosis of young onset Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2373-2383. [PMID: 38294143 PMCID: PMC11032518 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early symptoms in young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) may be misinterpreted, causing delayed diagnosis. This population-based study aimed to map morbidity prior to YOAD diagnosis. METHODS In a register-based incidence density matched nested case-control study, we examined hospital-diagnosed morbidity for people diagnosed with YOAD in Danish memory clinics during 2016-2020 compared to controls in a 10-year period. Conditional logistic regression produced incidence rate ratios (IRRs). RESULTS The study included 1745 cases and 5235 controls. YOAD patients had a higher morbidity burden in the year immediately before dementia diagnosis, for certain disorders up to 10 years before. This was especially evident for psychiatric morbidity with the highest increased IRRs throughout the entire period and IRR 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.14-1.79) in the 5-10-years before dementia diagnosis. DISCUSSION YOAD patients display a different pattern of morbidity up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. Awareness of specific alterations in morbidity may improve efforts toward a timely diagnosis. HIGHLIGHTS Retrospective, nested case-control study of young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD). YOAD cases had a higher morbidity burden than controls. YOAD cases had a higher psychiatric morbidity burden up to 10 years before diagnosis. Altered morbidity patterns could serve as an early warning sign of YOAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line Damsgaard
- Danish Dementia Research CentreDepartment of NeurologyCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Janet Janbek
- Danish Dementia Research CentreDepartment of NeurologyCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Thomas M. Laursen
- National Centre for Register‐based ResearchDepartment of Economics and Business EconomicsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Peter Høgh
- Department of NeurologyZealand University HospitalRoskildeDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Karsten Vestergaard
- Dementia ClinicDepartment of NeurologyAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Hanne Gottrup
- Dementia ClinicDepartment of NeurologyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Christina Jensen‐Dahm
- Danish Dementia Research CentreDepartment of NeurologyCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Gunhild Waldemar
- Danish Dementia Research CentreDepartment of NeurologyCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salwierz P, Thapa S, Taghdiri F, Vasilevskaya A, Anastassiadis C, Tang-Wai DF, Golas AC, Tartaglia MC. Investigating the association between a history of depression and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, and neurodegeneration in patients with dementia. GeroScience 2024; 46:783-793. [PMID: 38097855 PMCID: PMC10828163 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between depression and dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), remains an active area of research. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a history of depression and biomarkers of AD and CVD in patients with dementia in a clinical setting. A total of 126 patients from the University Health Network (UHN) Memory Clinic with comprehensive clinical evaluations, including neuropsychological testing and medical examinations, were included. Lumbar puncture was performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for biomarker analysis, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained to assess white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden. The presence of depression was determined through medical records. The study findings did not reveal significant differences between participants with and without a history of depression in terms of AD biomarkers, WMH burden, neurofilament light chain levels, cognitive scores, age of symptom onset, disease duration, or vascular risk scores. Logistic regression analysis did not indicate a meaningful predictive value of these variables for depression status. This clinical study contributes to our understanding regarding the association between depression and AD/CVD biomarkers in patients with cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to elucidate the complex relationship between depression and dementia and to explore the potential mechanisms linking depression, AD, and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Salwierz
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Simrika Thapa
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Foad Taghdiri
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Vasilevskaya
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Anastassiadis
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David F Tang-Wai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Memory Clinic University Health Network, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Angela C Golas
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Memory Clinic University Health Network, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Langella S, Lopera F, Baena A, Fox‐Fuller JT, Munera D, Martinez JE, Giudicessi A, Vannini P, Hanseeuw BJ, Marshall GA, Quiroz YT, Gatchel JR. Depressive symptoms and hippocampal volume in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:986-994. [PMID: 37837524 PMCID: PMC10916972 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depressive symptoms are among early behavioral changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the relationship between neurodegeneration and depressive symptoms remains inconclusive. To better understand this relationship in preclinical AD, we examined hippocampal volume and depressive symptoms in cognitively unimpaired carriers of the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) E280A mutation for autosomal dominant AD. METHODS A total of 27 PSEN1 mutation carriers and 26 non-carrier family members were included. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between hippocampal volume and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS Carriers and non-carriers did not differ in depressive symptoms or hippocampal volume. Within carriers, lower hippocampal volume was associated with greater depressive symptoms, which remained significant after adjusting for age and cognition. This relationship was not significant in non-carriers. DISCUSSION Hippocampal neurodegeneration may underlie depressive symptoms in preclinical autosomal dominant AD. These findings provide support for the utility of targeting depressive symptoms in AD prevention. HIGHLIGHTS We compared unimpaired autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (AD) mutation carriers and non-carriers. Carriers and non-carriers did not differ in severity of depressive symptoms. In carriers, hippocampal volume was inversely associated with depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms may be a useful target in AD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Langella
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia
| | - Ana Baena
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia
| | - Joshua T. Fox‐Fuller
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Diana Munera
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jairo E. Martinez
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Averi Giudicessi
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Patrizia Vannini
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Bernard J. Hanseeuw
- Gordon Center for Medical ImagingMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint‐LucUniversité Catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Gad A. Marshall
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yakeel T. Quiroz
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Grupo de Neurociencias de AntioquiaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia
| | - Jennifer R. Gatchel
- Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- McLean HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBelmontMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PsychiatryBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
- Mental Health Care LineMEDVAMCHoustonTexasUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liao MH, Lin YK, Gau FY, Tseng CC, Wu DC, Hsu CY, Chung KH, Li RC, Hu CJ, Then CK, Shen SC. Antidepressant sertraline increases thioflavin-S and Congo red deposition in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1260838. [PMID: 38259283 PMCID: PMC10800414 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1260838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Antidepressants are commonly used in patients before and after their diagnosis of AD. To date, the relationship between antidepressants and AD remains unclear. Methods: In our study, we administered sertraline or paroxetine to wild type (WT) and APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PSEN1) transgenic mouse models for up to 12 months. We quantified the drug concentrations using LC-MS/MS analysis and measured serum serotonin level using an ELISA assay. Additionally, we evaluated the amyloid burdens through thioflavin-S and Congo red stainings, and recognition memory using the novel object recognition test. Results: Our findings revealed that mice treated with paroxetine exhibited a significantly higher level of weight gain compared to the control group and increased mortality in APP/PSEN1 mice. After 12 months of antidepressant treatment, the sertraline level was measured at 289.8 ng/g for cerebellum, while the paroxetine level was 792.9 ng/g for cerebellum. Sertraline significantly increased thioflavin-S and Congo red depositions, along with gliosis, in both isocortex and hippocampus of APP/PSEN1 mice compared to the control group. Both antidepressants also led to a decreased recognition index in APP/PSEN1 mice. Conclusion: These findings suggest a potential role of sertraline in AD pathogenesis, emphasizing the need to reassess the use of these antidepressants in patients with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsuan Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Kuang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Ying Gau
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Da-Chih Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Yuan Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chung
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rung-Chi Li
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chee Kin Then
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng F, Liang J, Li C, Gao D, Xie W. Cognitive decline among older adults with depressive symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:407-413. [PMID: 37848087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether the COVID-19 pandemic would induce accelerated cognitive decline in individuals with depressive symptoms is undetermined. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive function among older adults with depressive symptoms. METHODS Data were from the Health and Retirement Study. The interval between wave 13 and wave 14 was defined as the prepandemic period, and the interval between wave 14 and wave 15 was defined as the pandemic period. Linear mixed models and modified Poisson regression models were employed to compare the differences in cognitive decline and incident dementia between participants with and without depressive symptoms before and during the pandemic. RESULTS A total of 9304 participants were included. During the prepandemic period, no significant difference was observed in changes in cognitive scores between participants with and without depressive symptoms. During the pandemic period, an accelerated decline in cognitive scores was found between the two groups (global cognition: -0.25, 95 % CI: -0.41 to -0.08, P = 0.004; memory: -0.16, 95 % CI: -0.31 to -0.02, P = 0.030; executive function: -0.08, 95 % CI: -0.15 to -0.02, P = 0.014). Participants with depressive symptoms had a higher risk of developing dementia during the pandemic (RR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.17 to 1.88, P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS Causal relationship cannot be concluded due to the observational study design. CONCLUSIONS Older adults with depressive symptoms suffered more severe cognitive deterioration and had a higher risk of incident dementia during the pandemic, underscoring the need to provide cognitive monitoring and interventions for those with depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Zheng
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Liang
- School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Darui Gao
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wuxiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fernández Fernández R, Martín JI, Antón MAM. Depression as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Meta-Analysis. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 36:101-109. [PMID: 38111332 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is a syndrome characterized by the deterioration of cognitive function beyond what is expected. The increased risk of developing this syndrome resulting from established modifiable risk factors, such as depressive episodes, is currently a subject of interest. The aim of this study was to review the scientific evidence that addresses the relationship between depression and dementia. A bibliographic search of the PubMed and PsycInfo databases for articles published over the past 20 years was conducted with the following medical subject heading terms: depression or depressive, dementia, and incidence or cohort studies. After articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, relevant moderating variables were grouped as sample characteristics, methodological characteristics, extrinsic characteristics, and outcome variables. The 26 selected studies resulted in a sample comprising 1,760,262 individuals. Statistical analysis revealed a pooled relative risk for the development of dementia of 1.82 (95% CI=1.62-2.06). The primary variables evaluated were the diagnostic methods for depression and dementia and the presence of depression. Other variables, such as mean age, methodological quality of each study, follow-up time, and publication year, were also evaluated. Age was statistically but not clinically significant. No relevant publication bias or alterations in the results were found when accounting for the quality of the studies. It is recommended that new moderating variables be evaluated or that existing variables be reformulated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fernández Fernández
- Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Madrid (Fernández Fernández); Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid (all authors)
| | - Javier Ibias Martín
- Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Madrid (Fernández Fernández); Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid (all authors)
| | - María Araceli Maciá Antón
- Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Cristina University Hospital, Madrid (Fernández Fernández); Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid (all authors)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park S, Lee S, Jeong KH. Predictors of Variation in the Cognitive Function Trajectories among Older Adults Living Alone: A Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2750. [PMID: 37893824 PMCID: PMC10606450 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the global aging population, this study investigates changes in cognitive function and predictive factors among older adults living alone. METHODS Using data collected from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), the study examines 1217 participants to identify distinct cognitive change patterns and the variables affecting them. RESULTS Two primary cognitive function change types emerged: "High-Level Declining Type" and "Low-Level Stable Type." Although the former initially displayed normal cognitive function, it gradually declined over a period of 14 years until it reached mild cognitive impairment (MCI) levels by the year 2020. While the latter group had lower cognitive function from the beginning and remained stable throughout the study. Older age, female gender, rural residence, lower education, lower income, unemployment, and higher levels of depression were linked to a higher likelihood of belonging to the "Low-Level Stable Type". CONCLUSIONS The findings of these studies emphasize the need for proactive interventions and regular cognitive assessments for older individuals living alone, as cognitive impairment can develop even in individuals whose cognitive abilities are initially good. Also, tailored interventions should target specific demographic and socioeconomic groups to mitigate cognitive decline effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Park
- Department of Social Welfare, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.-H.J.)
| | - Seoyoon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Social Welfare Policy, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyoung Jeong
- Department of Social Welfare, Semyung University, 65 Semyung-ro, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.-H.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mejía-Guevara I, Periyakoil VS. Childhood Bullying as a Risk Factor for Late-Life Psychological Distress and Cognitive Impairment. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.04.23295046. [PMID: 37732246 PMCID: PMC10508796 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.04.23295046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, non-Hispanic Black (19%) older adults are more likely to develop dementia than White older adults (10%). As genetics alone cannot account for these differences, the impact of historical social factors is considered. This study examined whether childhood and late-life psychological distress associated with dementia risk could explain part of these disparities. Using longitudinal data from 379 White and 141 Black respondents from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we assessed the association between childhood bullying and late-life dementia risk, testing for mediation effects from late-life psychological distress. Mediation analysis was computed via negative binomial regression modeling, stratified by race (White/Black), type of bullying experience (target, bully, and bully-target), and the age range at which the experience occurred (6-12, 13-16). The results indicated that late-life psychological distress fully mediated the association between Black respondents who were bullies and dementia risk. However, no significant association was observed among White respondents. These results suggest that interventions aimed at preventing and treating psychological distress throughout the lifespan could be crucial in mitigating the development and progression of dementia risk.
Collapse
|
12
|
Saida T, Baba H, Maeshima H, Natsume S, Yoshinari N, Shimizu K, Suzuki T. Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in remission, but not the acute phase, may predict the development from depression to dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e6005. [PMID: 37737671 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression may be a risk factor or a prodromal symptom of dementia, and decreased serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been observed in both depression and dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine whether serum levels of BDNF in the remitted or acute phase of depression predicted the transition from depression to dementia. METHODS Serum levels of BDNF were measured in the acute phase of depression (n = 204) and after remission (n = 117), and we followed (mean: 24.3 months) the participants to assess the subsequent onset of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). RESULTS Serum levels of BDNF after remission, but not those in the acute depressive phase, predicted the future development of dementia or MCI. CONCLUSIONS Patients with low serum BDNF levels, even after depression remission, might have an increased risk of developing dementia. These findings suggest a potential association between residual low serum BDNF levels after remission and the prodromal state of dementia, or the involvement of BDNF in the transition from depression to dementia. However, given that this study is low-powered and preliminary, interpretation of the results should be approached with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takao Saida
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Baba
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeshima
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Natsume
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Yoshinari
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shimizu
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Toshihito Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Koshigaya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim E, Oh J, Huh I. [An Investigation of the Cumulative Effects of Depressive Symptoms on the Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:453-467. [PMID: 37673819 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.23018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the cumulative effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function over time in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Data were investigated from 2,533 community-dwelling older adults who participated in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) from the 5th (2014) to the 8th wave (2020). The association between cumulative depressive symptoms and cognitive function was identified through multiple regression analysis. RESULTS When the multiple regression analysis was conducted from each wave, the current depressive symptoms scores and cognitive function scores were negatively associated, regardless of the waves (B5th = -0.26, B6th = -0.26, B7th = -0.26, and B8th = -0.27; all p < .001). Further, when all the previous depressive symptoms scores were added as explanatory variables in the 8th wave, the current one (B8th = -0.09, p < .001) and the previous ones (B5th = -0.11, B6th = -0.09, and B7th = -0.13; all p < .001) were also negatively associated with the cognitive function score. The delta R², which indicates the difference between the model's R² with and without the depressive symptoms scores, was greater in the model with all the previous and current depressive symptoms scores (6.4%) than in the model with only the current depressive symptoms score (3.6%). CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms in older adults have a long-term impact. This results in an accumulated adverse effect on the cognitive function. Therefore, to prevent cognitive decline in older adults, we suggest detecting their depressive symptoms early and providing continuous intervention to reduce exposure to long-term depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinkyung Oh
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Iksoo Huh
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nageeb Hasan SM, Clarke CL, McManamon Strand TP, Bambico FR. Putative pathological mechanisms of late-life depression and Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Res 2023:148423. [PMID: 37244602 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive impairment in cognition and memory. AD is accompanied by several neuropsychiatric symptoms, with depression being the most prominent. Although depression has long been known to be associated with AD, controversial findings from preclinical and clinical studies have obscured the precise nature of this association. However recent evidence suggests that depression could be a prodrome or harbinger of AD. Evidence indicates that the major central serotonergic nucleus-the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN)-shows very early AD pathology: neurofibrillary tangles made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and degenerated neurites. AD and depression share common pathophysiologies, including functional deficits of the serotonin (5-HT) system. 5-HT receptors have modulatory effects on the progression of AD pathology i.e., reduction in Aβ load, increased hyper-phosphorylation of tau, decreased oxidative stress etc. Moreover, preclinical models show a role for specific channelopathies that result in abnormal regional activational and neuroplasticity patterns. One of these concerns the pathological upregulation of the small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channel in corticolimbic structure. This has also been observed in the DRN in both diseases. The SKC is a key regulator of cell excitability and long-term potentiation (LTP). SKC over-expression is positively correlated with aging and cognitive decline, and is evident in AD. Pharmacological blockade of SKCs has been reported to reverse symptoms of depression and AD. Thus, aberrant SKC functioning could be related to depression pathophysiology and diverts its late-life progression towards the development of AD. We summarize findings from preclinical and clinical studies suggesting a molecular linkage between depression and AD pathology. We also provide a rationale for considering SKCs as a novel pharmacological target for the treatment of AD-associated symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Nageeb Hasan
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B3Xs, Canada.
| | - Courtney Leigh Clarke
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B3Xs, Canada
| | | | - Francis Rodriguez Bambico
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B3Xs, Canada; Behavioural Neurobiology Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu C, Cao Z, Huang X, Wang X. Associations of healthy lifestyle with depression and post-depression dementia: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2023; 327:87-92. [PMID: 36736794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms may be a risk factor or prodrome of dementia, but the modifiable risk factors for dementia after onset of depression has not been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to investigate the associations of lifestyle factors with depression and post-depression dementia. METHODS Our analysis was based on data from the ongoing UK Biobank study, which included 497,533 participants (age 37-73 years) between 2006 and 2010, and thereafter followed up to 2020. High-risk lifestyle factors included current smoking, heavy alcohol intaking, poor diet pattern, physically inactive. Multistate models were used to estimate the transition-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS During a 14.8-year follow-up, 23,164 participants developed depression, and 989 developed post-depression dementia. The incidence rate of dementia in people with depression was far more than those who were free of depression. In multistate model, high-risk lifestyle factors were substantially associated with higher risks of incident depression (HR = 2.14, 95 % CI: 1.95-2.35), dementia (HR = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.51-2.31), and post-depression dementia (HR = 1.72, 95 % CI: 1.13-2.62). When the analyses were divided by individual lifestyle factors, we found that only physically inactive contributed significantly to the development of dementia after the onset of depression (HR = 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.30). CONCLUSION Our study found that high-risk lifestyle factors were associated with higher risk of transition from depression to dementia, highlighting the great significance of integrating comprehensive behavioral interventions, particularly for regular physical activity, for prevention of both depression and post-depression dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi Cao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianhong Huang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohe Wang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu Z, Su Y, Huang R, Li R, Wei Z, He L, Pei Y, Min Y, Hu X, Peng X. Depression Trajectories, Genetic Risk, and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults: Multilevel Model with a 10-Year Longitudinal Cohort. Gerontology 2023; 69:899-909. [PMID: 36944316 DOI: 10.1159/000530200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive performance in older ages is strongly affected by individuals' genetic predispositions. We investigated whether depression trajectories were associated with subsequent cognitive performance independent of participants' genetic predispositions. METHODS Participants from the Health and Retirement Study with European ancestry and aged over 50 were included in the analysis. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the 6-year trajectories were fitted using latent class linear mixed models. Linear multilevel regression was applied to model the associations between depression trajectory and subsequent cognitive performance. Stratified analyses were performed to investigate these associations in participants with different genetic predispositions of cognitive performance and APOE ε4 allelic status. RESULTS A total of 5,942 eligible participants were included in the study. Four depression trajectories were identified. Compared with the nondepression trajectory, all other depression trajectories were associated with worse cognitive performance (β [95% CI]: mild-depression trajectory: -0.20 [-0.56, -0.06], p = 0.007; worsening-depression trajectory: -0.29 [-0.47, -0.12], p = 0.001; persistent-depression trajectory: -0.32 [-0.53, -0.13], p = 0.001). Although these associations were independent of participants' inherent genetic risk, the participants with a low polygenetic score for cognitive performance were more likely to have an enhanced association between depression trajectories and cognitive decline. Similar relationships were also found in APOE ε4 noncarriers. CONCLUSION Among older participants with European ancestry, even a mild-depression trajectory was associated with worse cognitive performance. Early intervention in participants with any degree of depression might benefit regarding preventing cognitive performance decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheran Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonglin Su
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rendong Huang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruidan Li
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhigong Wei
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyan Pei
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Min
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu X, Westrick AC, Kobayashi LC. Cumulative loneliness and subsequent memory function and rate of decline among adults aged ≥50 in the United States, 1996 to 2016. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:578-588. [PMID: 35920364 PMCID: PMC9895124 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study objective was to investigate the association between loneliness duration and memory function over a 20-year period. METHODS Data were from 9032 adults aged ≥50 in the Health and Retirement Study. Loneliness status (yes vs. no) was assessed biennially from 1996 to 2004 and its duration was categorized as never, 1 time point, 2 time points, and ≥3 time points. Episodic memory was assessed from 2004 to 2016 as a composite of immediate and delayed recall trials combined with proxy-reported memory. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted. RESULTS A longer duration of loneliness was associated with lower memory scores (P < 0.001) and a faster rate of decline (P < 0.001). The association was stronger among adults aged ≥65 than those aged <65 (three-way interaction P = 0.013) and was stronger among women than men (three-way interaction P = 0.002). DISCUSSION Cumulative loneliness may be a salient risk factor for accelerated memory aging, especially among women aged ≥65. HIGHLIGHT A longer duration of loneliness was associated with accelerated memory aging. The association was stronger among women than men and among older adults than the younger. Reducing loneliness in mid- to late life may help maintain memory function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Yu
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ashly C Westrick
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lindsay C Kobayashi
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stafford J, Dykxhoorn J, Sommerlad A, Dalman C, Kirkbride JB, Howard R. Association between risk of dementia and very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: a Swedish population-based cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:750-758. [PMID: 34030750 PMCID: PMC9975996 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of psychotic disorders among older people is substantial, little is known about the association with subsequent dementia. We aimed to examine the rate of dementia diagnosis in individuals with very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP) compared to those without VLOSLP. METHODS Using Swedish population register data, we established a cohort of 15 409 participants with VLOSLP matched by age and calendar period to 154 090 individuals without VLOSLP. Participants were born between 1920 and 1949 and followed from their date of first International Classification of Diseases [ICD], Revisions 8-10 (ICD-8/9/10) non-affective psychotic disorder diagnosis after age 60 years old (or the same date for matched participants) until the end of follow-up (30th December 2011), emigration, death, or first recorded ICD-8/9/10 dementia diagnosis. RESULTS We found a substantially higher rate of dementia in individuals with VLOSLP [hazard ratio (HR): 4.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 4.05-4.41]. Median time-to-dementia-diagnosis was 75% shorter in those with VLOSLP (time ratio: 0.25, 95% CI 0.24-0.26). This association was strongest in the first year following VLOSLP diagnosis, and attenuated over time, although dementia rates remained higher in participants with VLOSLP for up to 20 years of follow-up. This association remained after accounting for potential misdiagnosis (2-year washout HR: 2.22, 95% CI 2.10-2.36), ascertainment bias (HR: 2.89, 95% CI 2.75-3.04), and differing mortality patterns between groups (subdistribution HR: 2.89, 95% CI 2.77-3.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that individuals with VLOSLP represent a high-risk group for subsequent dementia. This may be due to early prodromal changes for some individuals, highlighting the importance of ongoing symptom monitoring in people with VLOSLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Stafford
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - J. Dykxhoorn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - A. Sommerlad
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C. Dalman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Center for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (CES), Region Stockholm
| | - J. B. Kirkbride
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - R. Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abdelhafiz AH. Effects of hypoglycaemic therapy on frailty: a multi-dimensional perspective. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:53-65. [PMID: 36650694 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2168644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in older people. With increasing age, frailty emerges as a new complication leading to disability. Frailty does not only include physical dysfunction but also involves negative impact on cognition and mood. Triad of impairments (TOI) is a new concept that includes physical frailty, dementia and depression to reflect the wider spectrum of frailty. AREAS COVERED Little is known about effects of hypoglycaemic agents on frailty syndrome. A literature search was performed on studies, which reported effects of hypoglycaemic agents on the component of the TOI. EXPERT OPINION It appears that most hypoglycaemic agents have some effects on frailty, although the results of clinical studies are inconsistent. Metformin seems to have a consistent and a positive effect on physical frailty. Its effects on cognitive function, however, are inconclusive but tend to be positive. Metformin appeared to improve depressive symptoms. Other agents such as incretins, thiazolidinediones, and sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitors have some positive effects on cognition and depression. Sulfonylureas, glinides, or insulin have either negative or neutral effects on TOI components. The negative effects of insulin could be partially explained by the negative psychological factors and the frequent episodes of hypoglycemia associated with such therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Abdelhafiz
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Rotherham General Hospital, Moorgate Road, Rotherham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ronchetto F, Ronchetto M. The intricate connection between depression and dementia as a major challenge for clinicians. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
21
|
Sulkava S, Haukka J, Sulkava R, Laatikainen T, Paunio T. Association Between Psychological Distress and Incident Dementia in a Population-Based Cohort in Finland. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2247115. [PMID: 36520436 PMCID: PMC9856411 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Symptoms of psychological distress have shown association with subsequent dementia, but the nature of association remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of psychological distress with etiological risk of dementia and incidence of dementia in presence of competing risk of death. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study consisted of population-based cross-sectional National FINRISK Study surveys collected in 1972, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, and 2007 in Finland with register-based follow-up; and the cohort was linked to Finnish Health Register data for dementia and mortality for each participant until December 31, 2017. Participants included individuals without dementia who had complete exposure data. Data were analyzed from May 2019 to April 2022. EXPOSURES Self-reported symptoms of psychological distress: stress (more than other people), depressive mood, exhaustion, and nervousness (often, sometimes, never). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident all-cause dementia, ascertained through linkage to national health registers. Poisson cause-specific hazard model (emphasizing etiological risk) and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard model (emphasizing effect on incidence) considering dementia and death without dementia as competing risks. Covariates of age, sex, baseline year, follow-up time, educational level, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and physical activity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to reduce reverse causation bias by excluding individuals with follow-up less than 10 years. RESULTS Among 67 688 participants (34 968 [51.7%] women; age range, 25 to 74 years; mean [SD] age, 45.4 years), 7935 received a diagnosis of dementia over a mean follow-up of 25.4 years (range, 10 to 45 years). Psychological distress was significantly associated with all-cause dementia in a multivariable Poisson model, with incidence rate ratios from 1.17 (95% CI, 1.08-1.26) for exhaustion to 1.24 (95% CI, 1.11-1.38) for stress, and remained significant in sensitivity analyses. A Fine-Gray model showed significant associations (with hazard ratios from 1.08 [95% CI, 1.01-1.17] for exhaustion to 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00-1.25] for stress) for symptoms other than depressive mood (hazard ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.98-1.20]). All the symptoms showed significant associations with competing risk of death in both models. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, psychological distress symptoms were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia in the model emphasizing etiological risk. Associations with real incidence of dementia were diminished by the competing risk of death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Sulkava
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry and SleepWell Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Haukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raimo Sulkava
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Amia Memory Clinics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Laatikainen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Joint Municipal Authority for North Karelia Social and Health Services (Siun Sote), Joensuu, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry and SleepWell Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Harris RA, Fernando HA, Seimon RV, da Luz FQ, Gibson AA, Touyz SW, Sainsbury A. Effects of total diet replacement programs on mental well-being: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13465. [PMID: 35997170 PMCID: PMC9786773 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review with meta-analyses assessed the effects of total diet replacement (TDR) programs on mental well-being in clinical trial participants with a body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2 . TDR programs involve replacing all dietary requirements with nutritionally replete formula foods and are generally administered to induce rapid weight loss. To date, it is largely unclear what effects TDR programs may have on mental well-being, particularly in the long-term. To address this, we screened 25,976 references across six databases and extracted 35 publications. These 35 publications provided sufficient data to evaluate the effects of TDR programs on depression, anxiety, stress, positive affect, negative affect, vitality, role-emotional, social functioning, mental health, mental composite summary score, self-esteem, and general psychological health in 24 meta-analyses. Due to the lack of research comparing TDR programs to comparator groups, 22 of our 24 meta-analyses explored change in these mental well-being sub-domains over time in TDR programs without comparators. Specifically, we assessed the change from pre-diet (before the TDR program) to either post-diet (up to and including two months after the TDR program); and/or follow-up (more than two months after the TDR program). For depression and anxiety, we were also able to assess the change from pre-diet to mid-diet (which fell within two weeks of the diet half-way point). The remaining two meta-analyses assessed the difference in depression scores between a TDR group and a food-based comparator group from pre-diet to post-diet and from pre-diet to follow-up. Across all meta-analyses, our results found no marked adverse effects of TDR programs on any mental well-being sub-domain. In fact, clear improvements were observed for depression, anxiety, stress, vitality, role-emotional, and social functioning at post-diet. Interestingly, the improvements for depression, vitality and role-emotional were maintained at follow-up. All improvements were observed in meta-analyses without comparators. While the two comparator-based meta-analyses showed no difference between TDR programs and food-based diets in depression symptoms, there was low statistical power. For all meta-analyses containing three or more independent samples, we constructed prediction intervals to determine the range within which the mean of the true effects may fall for future populations. While these prediction intervals varied between sub-domains, we found that mean depression scores are only likely to increase (i.e., depression will worsen) in less than 3% of future TDR interventions which meet our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Taken together, we concluded that for adults with a body mass index greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2 , TDR programs are unlikely to lead to marked adverse effects on mental well-being. These findings do not support the exclusion of participants from trials or interventions involving TDR programs based on concerns that these programs may adversely affect mental well-being. In fact, by excluding these participants, they may be prevented from improving their metabolic health and mental well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Harris
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hamish A Fernando
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Radhika V Seimon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Felipe Q da Luz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alice A Gibson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen W Touyz
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang W, Wang Z, Li X, Qi X, Zhang L, Pan KY, Xu W. Association of depression with mortality in nationwide twins: The mediating role of dementia. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e63. [PMID: 36184891 PMCID: PMC9641650 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differential impact of depression across different periods in life on mortality remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of depression that occurs at different age with all-cause mortality, and to explore the roles of dementia, as well as genetic and early-life environmental factors, in this association. METHODS From the Swedish Twin Registry, 44,919 twin individuals were followed for up to 18 years. Depression was ascertained using the National Patient Registry and categorized as early-life (<45 years), midlife (45-64 years), and late-life (≥65 years) depression according to the age of the first diagnosis. Deaths were identified through the Cause of Death Register. Generalized estimating equation, generalized structural equation, and conditional logistic regression were used for unmatched, mediation, and co-twin matched analyses, respectively. RESULTS In unmatched analyses, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality were 1.71 (1.46-2.00) for depression at any age, 1.72 (1.36-2.17) for early-life, 1.51 (1.19-1.90) for midlife, and 4.10 (2.02-8.34) for late-life depression. Mortality was significantly higher in individuals with late-life depression than those with earlier-life depression (p < 0.05). The mediation analysis showed that 59.83% of the depression-mortality association was mediated by dementia. No significant difference in ORs between the unmatched and co-twin matched analyses was observed (p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Depression is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, and dementia mediates approximately 60% of the impact of depression on mortality in late life. Genetic and early-life environmental factors may not play a significant role in the depression-mortality association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuying Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China,Authors for correspondence: Xiuying Qi, Weili Xu, E-mails: ;
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Weili Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,Authors for correspondence: Xiuying Qi, Weili Xu, E-mails: ;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang B, Lin Y, Hu M, Sun Y, Xu M, Hao J, Zhu C. Associations between trajectories of depressive symptoms and rate of cognitive decline among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: An 8-year longitudinal study. J Psychosom Res 2022; 160:110986. [PMID: 35905513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between trajectories of depressive symptoms and rate of cognitive decline among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. METHODS A population-based cohort data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were utilized. The cohort was followed up for 8 years and assessments of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance were conducted in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was conducted to identify heterogeneous trajectories of depressive symptoms. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were performed to examine the associations between trajectories of depressive symptoms and rate of decline in global cognitive function, episodic memory, and executive function. RESULTS Among 9264 middle-aged and older adults, five depressive symptoms trajectory groups were determined: constantly low (n = 3206, 34.6%), constantly medium (n = 3747, 40.5%), increasing (n = 899, 9.7%), decreasing (n = 929, 10.0%), and constantly high (n = 483, 5.2%). Individuals with increasing depressive symptoms exhibited the fastest decline in global cognitive function and episodic memory, followed by participants reporting constantly high or medium depressive symptoms. A significantly higher rate of decline in executive function was only observed among subjects who had increasing depressive symptoms in comparison with their counterparts with constantly low depressive symptoms. There was no significant difference in rate of cognitive decline between individuals with decreasing depressive symptoms and those demonstrating constantly low depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Increasing depressive symptoms co-occurred with the steepest cognitive decline among Chinese middle-aged and older adults, which potentially suggested that interventions targeting to alleviating cognitive decline should be given priority among individuals with deterioration of depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang Zhang
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yidie Lin
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meijing Hu
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghan Xu
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Hao
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of epidemiology and health statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Korhonen K, Tarkiainen L, Leinonen T, Einiö E, Martikainen P. Association between a history of clinical depression and dementia, and the role of sociodemographic factors: population-based cohort study. Br J Psychiatry 2022; 221:410-416. [PMID: 35043777 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is associated with an increased dementia risk, but the nature of the association in the long-term remains unresolved, and the role of sociodemographic factors mainly unexplored. AIMS To assess whether a history of clinical depression is associated with dementia in later life, controlling for observed sociodemographic factors and unobserved factors shared by siblings, and to test whether gender, educational level and marital status modify the association. METHOD We conducted a national cohort study of 1 616 321 individuals aged 65 years or older between 2001 and 2018 using administrative healthcare data. A history of depression was ascertained from the national hospital register in the period 15-30 years prior to dementia follow-up. We used conventional and sibling fixed-effects Cox regression models to analyse the association between a history of depression, sociodemographic factors and dementia. RESULTS A history of depression was related to an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.27 (95% CI 1.23-1.31) for dementia in the conventional Cox model and of 1.55 (95% CI 1.09-2.20) in the sibling fixed-effects model. Depression was related to an elevated dementia risk similarly across all levels of education (test for interaction, P = 0.84), but the association was weaker for the widowed than for the married (P = 0.003), and stronger for men than women (P = 0.006). The excess risk among men attenuated following covariate adjustment (P = 0.10). DISCUSSION This study shows that a history of depression is consistently associated with later-life dementia risk. The results support the hypothesis that depression is an aetiological risk factor for dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaarina Korhonen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Tarkiainen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland and Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (URBARIA), University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Elina Einiö
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden; and Laboratory of Population Health, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Greig Custo MT, Lang MK, Barker WW, Gonzalez J, Vélez-Uribe I, Arruda F, Conniff J, Rodriguez MJ, Loewenstein DA, Duara R, Adjouadi M, Curiel RE, Rosselli M. The association of depression and apathy with Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in a cross-cultural sample. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35764422 PMCID: PMC9930412 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2079414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cross-cultural differences in the association between neuropsychiatric symptoms and Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers are not well understood. This study aimed to (1) compare depressive symptoms and frequency of reported apathy across diagnostic groups of participants with normal cognition (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia, as well as ethnic groups of Hispanic Americans (HA) and European Americans (EA); (2) evaluate the relationship between depression and apathy with Aβ deposition and brain atrophy. Statistical analyses included ANCOVAs, chi-squared, nonparametric tests, correlations, and logistic regressions. Higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were reported in the MCI and dementia cohorts, while older age corresponded with lower GDS-15 scores. The frequency of apathy differed across diagnoses within each ethnicity, but not when comparing ethnic groups. Reduced volume in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) significantly correlated with and predicted apathy for the total sample after applying false discovery rate corrections (FDR), controlling for covariates. The EA group separately demonstrated a significant negative relationship between apathy and superior frontal volume, while for HA, there was a relationship between rostral ACC volume and apathy. Apathy corresponded with higher Aβ levels for the total sample and for the CN and HA groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María T. Greig Custo
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Merike K. Lang
- Department of Psychology, Charles E Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Warren W. Barker
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Joanna Gonzalez
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Idaly Vélez-Uribe
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Charles E Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Fernanda Arruda
- Department of Psychology, Charles E Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Joshua Conniff
- Department of Psychology, Charles E Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| | | | - David A. Loewenstein
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer’s Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Malek Adjouadi
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Center for Advanced Technology and Education, College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rosie E. Curiel
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mónica Rosselli
- Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Charles E Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Davie, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mendez MF. Managing the Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11940-022-00715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
28
|
Depression and bone loss as risk factors for cognitive decline: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101575. [PMID: 35093615 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) but it is unclear whether depression is also associated with cognitive decline in the preclinical phase and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Previous meta-analyses have only investigated AD as an outcome without accounting for individuals showing cognitive decline that does not meet the diagnostic criteria for AD. Other potentially modifiable risk factors such as bone loss have also been less explored and there remains uncertainty around their temporal relationship with cognitive decline. AIMS To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating depression and bone loss as risk factors for subsequent cognitive decline. METHODS A comprehensive search strategy was developed and applied using four databases; MEDLINE Complete, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL Complete. The pooled summary effects were estimated as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020159369). RESULTS A total of 75 longitudinal cohort studies were identified for meta-analysis, of which 70 examined the impact of depression on cognitive decline and five examined the impact of bone loss. Prior exposure to depression was found to be associated with cognitive score reduction (OR 1.33 95% CI 1.17, 1.51), MCI incidence (OR 1.52 95% CI 1.28, 1.79) and AD incidence (OR 1.79 95% CI 1.46, 2.2). Bone loss was also associated with the incidence of AD (OR=1.81 95% CI 1.28, 2.55). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results support the hypothesis that depression is associated with subsequent cognitive decline. Bone loss was also found to be associated with AD incidence; however, due to the small number of studies, the results should be viewed with caution.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tsoukra P, Velakoulis D, Wibawa P, Malpas CB, Walterfang M, Evans A, Farrand S, Kelso W, Eratne D, Loi SM. The Diagnostic Challenge of Young-Onset Dementia Syndromes and Primary Psychiatric Diseases: Results From a Retrospective 20-Year Cross-Sectional Study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:44-52. [PMID: 34538074 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distinguishing a dementia syndrome from a primary psychiatric disease in younger patients can be challenging and may lead to diagnostic change over time. The investigators aimed to examine diagnostic stability in a cohort of patients with younger-onset neurocognitive disorders. METHODS A retrospective review of records was conducted for patients who were admitted to an inpatient neuropsychiatry service unit between 2000 and 2019, who were followed up for at least 12 months, and who received a diagnosis of young-onset dementia at any time point. Initial diagnosis included Alzheimer's disease-type dementia (N=30), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndromes (N=44), vascular dementia (N=7), mild cognitive impairment (N=10), primary psychiatric diseases (N=6), and other conditions, such as Lewy body dementia (N=30). RESULTS Among 127 patients, 49 (39%) had a change in their initial diagnoses during the follow-up period. Behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) was the least stable diagnosis, followed by dementia not otherwise specified and mild cognitive impairment. Compared with patients with a stable diagnosis, those who changed exhibited a higher cognitive score at baseline, a longer follow-up period, greater delay to final diagnosis, and no family history of dementia. Patients whose diagnosis changed from a neurodegenerative to a psychiatric diagnosis were more likely to have a long psychiatric history, while those whose diagnosis changed from a psychiatric to a neurodegenerative one had a recent manifestation of psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Misdiagnosis of younger patients with neurocognitive disorders is not uncommon, especially in cases of bvFTD. Late-onset psychiatric symptoms may be the harbinger to a neurodegenerative disease. Close follow-up and monitoring of these patients are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Tsoukra
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Pierre Wibawa
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Andrew Evans
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Sarah Farrand
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Wendy Kelso
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Dhamidhu Eratne
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| | - Samantha M Loi
- Department of Neurology, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece (Tsoukra); Neuropsychiatry Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Velakoulis, Wibawa, Walterfang, Evans, Farrand, Kelso, Eratne, Loi); Department of Medicine, Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia (Malpas); and Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (Malpas)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Preci G, Zekja I, Kruja J, Abazaj E. Depression and Dementia in Elderly People. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.7972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dementia itself is not a disease, but a constellation of symptoms caused by diseases and disorders that affect the brain. Dementia and depression are mental health problems commonly encountered in neuropsychiatric practice in the elderly.
AIM: The aims study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression in elderly people with dementia and to see the association between them.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study associating dementia with depression among the population from 50 until to more than 85 years old in Shkodra City in Albania. Practically, the figure of 187 patients with dementia was selected using the cluster sampling method. Patients were considered to have depression when one or more ICD codes for depression were recorded as primary or secondary diagnosis. Multilogistic regression odds ratio (OR) was used to identify factors predicting severity of depression.
RESULTS: A total figure of 187 patients with dementia were enrolled into the study for a period of 4 years. Approximately, the minimum age was 50 and maximum 89 years old with average 75 ± 8.1 std. The prevalence of depression among those patients with dementia resulted 44.9% (84/187). Almost 61% of patients had moderate depression and 28% of patients had severe depression. According to studies, male with dementia was the most predominant sex compared to female with percentage 60.4% and 39.6%, respectively. On the other hand, depression was being found more predominant to female patients with dementia, not to forget that female was 2.9 (OR) time in risk to develop depression compared to male 95% CI (1.6–5.4) p = 0.0005. We did not find a strong association between the late-life depressions than in depression in middle-aged adults.
CONCLUSION: Depression in older adults is a serious concern, especially in dementia population, which often is underdiagnosed being masked by cognitive impairments. According to the case in question, the findings highlight a high prevalence of depression within the dementia patients. After numerous medical researches, we found a strong association between depression and gender, lifestyle, type, or residence with the dementia patients. As stated, the better knowledges in the interactions between the depression and dementia from the part of medical staff will likely contribute to the timely prevention, identification, and treatment of depression in the elderly and will influence on their quality of life.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu Y, Li C, Xie W, Zhong B, Wu Y, Blumenthal JA. Trajectories of depressive symptoms and subsequent cognitive decline in older adults: a pooled analysis of two longitudinal cohorts. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6398536. [PMID: 34657957 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND the course of depression is variable, but it is unknown how this variability over time affects long-term cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE to examine the relationship of different trajectories of depressive symptoms on rates of subsequent cognitive decline in older adults. DESIGN population-based cohort study. SETTING communities in the USA and England. SUBJECTS 17,556 older adults from the Health and Retirement Study and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. METHODS depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and trajectories were calculated using group-based trajectory modelling. Global cognitive function and three cognitive domains of memory, executive function and temporal orientation were assessed for up to 18 years. RESULTS five trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified. Compared with the 'non-depressed' trajectory, the 'worsening depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = -0.016 standard deviation (SD)/year, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.021 to -0.010), 'persistent depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = -0.016 SD/year, 95% CI: -0.024 to -0.008), and 'mild depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = -0.008 SD/year, 95% CI: -0.014 to -0.003) were associated with faster rates of cognitive decline, while no such association was found for the 'improving depressive symptoms' trajectory (pooled β = 0.001 SD/year, 95% CI: -0.010 to 0.012). CONCLUSIONS subthreshold depressive symptoms are associated with an increased rate of cognitive decline, while individuals who show improving depressive symptoms do not exhibit accelerated cognitive decline. These findings raise the possibility that maintaining depressive symptoms as low as possible and ignoring the clinical threshold, might mitigate cognitive decline in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Zhu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wuxiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baoliang Zhong
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - James A Blumenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kotsani M, Kravvariti E, Avgerinou C, Panagiotakis S, Bograkou Tzanetakou K, Antoniadou E, Karamanof G, Karampeazis A, Koutsouri A, Panagiotopoulou K, Soulis G, Stolakis K, Georgiopoulos I, Benetos A. The Relevance and Added Value of Geriatric Medicine (GM): Introducing GM to Non-Geriatricians. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3018. [PMID: 34300184 PMCID: PMC8304813 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Geriatric Medicine (GM) holds a crucial role in promoting health and managing the complex medical, cognitive, social, and psychological issues of older people. However, basic principles of GM, essential for optimizing the care of older people, are commonly unknown or undermined, especially in countries where GM is still under development. This narrative review aims at providing insights into the role of GM to non-geriatrician readers and summarizing the main aspects of the added value of a geriatric approach across the spectrum of healthcare. Health practitioners of all specialties are frequently encountered with clinical conditions, common in older patients (such as cancer, hypertension, delirium, major neurocognitive and mental health disorders, malnutrition, and peri-operative complications), which could be more appropriately managed under the light of the approach of GM. The role of allied health professionals with specialized knowledge and skills in dealing with older people's issues is essential, and a multidisciplinary team is required for the delivery of optimal care in response to the needs and aspirations of older people. Thus, countries should assure the educational background of all health care providers and the specialized health and social care services required to meet the demands of a rapidly aging society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kotsani
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, CHRU de Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- FHU CARTAGE-PROFILES, Université de Lorraine, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Postgraduate Medical Studies in the Physiology of Aging and Geriatric Syndromes, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Avgerinou
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Symeon Panagiotakis
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heraklion University Hospital, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Bograkou Tzanetakou
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Medical Psychology Unit, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eleftheria Antoniadou
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Rehabilitation Unit, Patras University Hospital, 26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Georgios Karamanof
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Geriatric Clinic, Vrinnevi Hospital, 60379 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Athanasios Karampeazis
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, NIMTS Veterans Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Koutsouri
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Outpatient Geriatric Assessment Unit, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Panagiotopoulou
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Geriatric Ward, Hôpital “Sainte Thérèse”, VIVALIA-IFAC, 6600 Bastogne, Belgium
| | - George Soulis
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Outpatient Geriatric Assessment Unit, 11526 Athens, Greece
- School of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stolakis
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- School of Medicine, Patras University, 26504 Rio, Greece
| | - Ioannis Georgiopoulos
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, CHRU de Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- FHU CARTAGE-PROFILES, Université de Lorraine, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Athanase Benetos
- Working Group on the Development of Geriatric Medicine in Greece of the Hellenic Society for the Study and Research of Aging, 15342 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.A.); (S.P.); (K.B.T.); (E.A.); (G.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (K.P.); (G.S.); (K.S.); (I.G.); (A.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, CHRU de Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- FHU CARTAGE-PROFILES, Université de Lorraine, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM DCAC, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Impaired psychomotor vigilance associated with sleep-disordered breathing in women working in the care of older adults in Japan. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:259-267. [PMID: 33983612 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE With a rapidly aging society, there is increasing interest in the health of female workers in the field of care services for older adults due to increasing demands to maintain 24-h care and to support older adults without errors or accidents. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and sustained attention in women caring for older adults in Japan. METHODS The study was conducted in women aged 18-67 years old working in care service facilities for older adults in Japan. The sustained attention of participants was measured by the 10-min psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). SDB was assessed based on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which was measured using an ambulatory airflow monitor with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film sensor to monitor the respiratory airflow of nasal and oral breathing. The participants wore the monitor to record the breathing status while asleep at home. The severity of SDB was categorized as follows: normal, RDI < 5 events/h; mild SDB, RDI 5-10 events/h; and moderate-to-severe SDB, RDI ≥ 10 events/h. RESULTS Of 688 women enrolled, medians of age, body mass index (BMI), sleep duration, and prevalence of hypertension tended to be higher with increasing RDI. No significant association was found between RDI and PVT parameters. However, when we limited the analysis to women with BMI ≥ 22 kg/m2, those with moderate-to-severe SDB had significantly higher odds of having the slowest 10% reaction times compared to those without SDB (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.17-3.53). The association did not decrease after adjusting to account for sleep duration, alcohol drinking habits, and history of hypertension (OR = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.10-3.52). A significant increasing trend was also found between RDI and the slowest 10% of reaction times (p for trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that SDB is associated with reduced sustained attention in participants with BMI ≥ 22 kg/m2, although the number of assessments of SDB and PVT was only once per participant due to the nature of the cross-sectional study.
Collapse
|
34
|
Sáiz-Vázquez O, Gracia-García P, Ubillos-Landa S, Puente-Martínez A, Casado-Yusta S, Olaya B, Santabárbara J. Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091809. [PMID: 33919227 PMCID: PMC8122638 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia, linked to morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Recently, several clinical studies suggested that depression is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and AD. A review of meta-analyses was performed, calculating pooled odds ratios to estimate the risk of AD in people with a prior diagnosis (or clinically significant symptoms) of depression. A total of six meta-analyses which represented 28 individual studies were analyzed. A significant association between depression and AD was found (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.02–2.31]; p = 0.038). The results showed that heterogeneity across studies was substantial. We found a significant positive effect size for clinical measures of depression, but not for symptomatic rating scales, in the association of depression with risk of AD. The type of rating scale used to assess depression and the cut-off criteria selected also moderated the relationship between depression and AD risk. We found that studies that used clinically significant criteria for diagnosis of depression had more consistent and significant results than studies that used symptomatic scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olalla Sáiz-Vázquez
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | | | - Silvia Ubillos-Landa
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Villadiego, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-947-258-074
| | - Alicia Puente-Martínez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Burgos, C/Paseo de los Comendadores, Hospital Militar, 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Silvia Casado-Yusta
- Department of Applied Economy, Faculty of Economics and Business Sciences, University of Burgos, Pza. De la Infanta Dª Elena, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Doctor Pujadas 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Javier Santabárbara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zanon Zotin MC, Sveikata L, Viswanathan A, Yilmaz P. Cerebral small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment: from diagnosis to management. Curr Opin Neurol 2021; 34:246-257. [PMID: 33630769 PMCID: PMC7984766 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We present recent developments in the field of small vessel disease (SVD)-related vascular cognitive impairment, including pathological mechanisms, updated diagnostic criteria, cognitive profile, neuroimaging markers and risk factors. We further address available management and therapeutic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS Vascular and neurodegenerative pathologies often co-occur and share similar risk factors. The updated consensus criteria aim to standardize vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) diagnosis, relying strongly on cognitive profile and MRI findings. Aggressive blood pressure control and multidomain lifestyle interventions are associated with decreased risk of cognitive impairment, but disease-modifying treatments are still lacking. Recent research has led to a better understanding of mechanisms leading to SVD-related cognitive decline, such as blood-brain barrier dysfunction, reduced cerebrovascular reactivity and impaired perivascular clearance. SUMMARY SVD is the leading cause of VCI and is associated with substantial morbidity. Tackling cardiovascular risk factors is currently the most effective approach to prevent cognitive decline in the elderly. Advanced imaging techniques provide tools for early diagnosis and may play an important role as surrogate markers for cognitive endpoints in clinical trials. Designing and testing disease-modifying interventions for VCI remains a key priority in healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara Zanon Zotin
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Center for Imaging Sciences and Medical Physics. Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology. Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lukas Sveikata
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Anand Viswanathan
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Pinar Yilmaz
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Departments of Epidemiology and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kershenbaum A, Cardinal RN, Chen S, Underwood BR, Seyedsalehi A, Lewis J, Rubinsztein JS. Investigation of risk of dementia diagnosis and death in patients in older people's secondary care mental health services. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:573-582. [PMID: 33113255 PMCID: PMC7984055 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown increased rates of death and dementia in older people in specific serious mental illnesses (SMI) such as bipolar disorder or depression. We examined the rates of death and dementia in older people referred into a secondary care psychiatric service across a range of SMIs. METHODS We used an anonymised dataset across 6 consecutive years with 28,340 patients aged 65 years and older from a single secondary care psychiatric trust in the United Kingdom. We identified deaths and incident dementia in patients with bipolar disorder/mania, schizophrenia, recurrent depression and anxiety disorders. We compared mortality and dementia rates between these diagnostic groups and in different treatment settings. We also examined mortality rates and dementia rates compared with general population rates. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia showed the highest hazard rate for death compared to other groups with SMIs (hazard ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-2.1, with anxiety group the reference). Survival was reduced in patients referred to liaison psychiatry services. There were no significant differences between the SMI groups in terms of rates of dementia. However, risks of death and dementia were significantly increased compared to the general population (standardized mortality rates with 95% CI, 2.6(2.0-3.3), 3.5(2.6-4.5), 2.5(2.0-3.0) and 1.8 (1.4-2.2) and standardized dementia incidence rates with 95% CI, 2.7(1.5-4.1), 2.9(1.5-4.7), 3.8(2.6-5.2) and 4.3 (3.0-5.7) for bipolar disorder/mania, schizophrenia, recurrent depression and anxiety disorders respectively. CONCLUSIONS Older adults referred into an old age psychiatry service show higher rates of dementia and death than those reported for the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kershenbaum
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Rudolf N. Cardinal
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Benjamin R. Underwood
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustThe Gnodde Goldman Sachs Translational Neuroscience UnitUniversity of Cambridge, CambridgeUK
| | | | - Jonathan Lewis
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang W, Li X, Pan KY, Yang R, Song R, Qi X, Pedersen NL, Xu W. Association of life-course depression with the risk of dementia in late life: A nationwide twin study. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1383-1390. [PMID: 33656267 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether depression is a prodromal phase or risk factor for dementia is under debate. We aimed to unveil the nature of depression-dementia association by looking into the time window of depression occurrence. METHODS Dementia-free twins (n = 41,727) from the Swedish Twin Registry were followed-up for 18 years. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equation (GEE) for all individuals and conditional logistic regression for co-twin matched pairs. RESULTS In the GEE model, multi-adjusted odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of dementia were 1.46 (1.09-1.95) for mid-life, 2.16 (1.82-2.56) for late-life, 2.24 (1.49-3.36) for mid- to late-life, and 2.65 (1.17-5.98) for lifelong depression. The ORs in conditional logistic regression and in GEE did not differ significantly (P = 0.60). Education ≥8 years attenuated dementia risk associated with mid-life depression. DISCUSSION Not only late-life depression, but also mid-life depression is associated with dementia. Genetic and early-life environmental factors could not account for this association. Education ≥8 years might buffer the impact of mid-life depression on dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuerui Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rongrong Yang
- Public Health Science and Engineering College, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixue Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuying Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weili Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.,Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee ATC, Fung AWT, Richards M, Chan WC, Chiu HFK, Lee RSY, Lam LCW. Risk of incident dementia varies with different onset and courses of depression. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:915-920. [PMID: 33601735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to examine if risk of dementia differs between adult- and late-onset depression. METHODS 16,608 community-living dementia-free older adults were followed for 6 years to the outcome of incident dementia. Depression was diagnosed according to international diagnostic guidelines. Depression in adulthood or late life was categorized using age 65 as cutoff. Hazard ratio for dementia was estimated using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS People with depression in adulthood only did not have higher dementia incidence, suggesting those in remission from adult-onset depression are not at greater risk of dementia. Conversely, having depression in both adulthood and late life was associated with higher dementia risk, and improvement in depression in late life was associated with lower risk, suggesting persistent or recurrent lifetime depression is a risk factor for dementia. Those with depression in late life only were not associated with higher dementia risk after controlling for the longitudinal changes in depressive symptoms, consistent with late-onset depression being a prodrome of dementia. LIMITATIONS Reverse causation is a potential limitation. This was minimized by careful ascertainment of depression and dementia cases, exclusion of individuals with suspected dementia at baseline and those who developed dementia within 3 years after baseline, and controlling for various important confounders. CONCLUSIONS Risk of incident dementia varies with presence and resolution of depression at different ages. Further studies are needed to test whether treating adult-onset depression may prevent dementia. Older adults with a history of depression present for an extended time should be monitored for cognitive decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allen T C Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ada W T Fung
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wai C Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruby S Y Lee
- Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, The Government of Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linda C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zufferey V, Gunten AV, Kherif F. Interactions between Personality, Depression, Anxiety and Cognition to Understand Early Stage of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:782-791. [PMID: 32066361 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200211110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The multifaceted nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can lead to wide inter-individual differences in disease manifestation in terms of brain pathology and cognition. The lack of understanding of phenotypic diversity in AD arises from a difficulty in understanding the integration of different levels of network organization (i.e. genes, neurons, synapses, anatomical regions, functions) and in inclusion of other information such as neuropsychiatric characteristics, personal history, information regarding general health or subjective cognitive complaints in a coherent model. Non-cognitive factors, such as personality traits and behavioral and psychiatric symptoms, can be informative markers of early disease stage. It is known that personality can affect cognition and behavioral symptoms. The aim of the paper is to review the different types of interactions existing between personality, depression/anxiety, and cognition and cognitive disorders at behavioral and brain/genetic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Zufferey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Departement des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Universite de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Age Avance (SUPAA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Age Avance (SUPAA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ferath Kherif
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Departement des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Universite de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Brenowitz WD, Al Hazzouri AZ, Vittinghoff E, Golden SH, Fitzpatrick AL, Yaffe K. Depressive Symptoms Imputed Across the Life Course Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1379-1389. [PMID: 34420969 PMCID: PMC9095065 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive symptoms may increase risk for dementia, but findings are controversial because late-life depression may be a prodromal dementia symptom. Life course data on depression and dementia risk may clarify this association; however, data is limited. OBJECTIVE To impute adult depressive symptoms trajectories across adult life stages and estimate the association with cognitive impairment and decline. METHODS Using a pooled study of 4 prospective cohorts (ages 20-89), we imputed adult life course depressive symptoms trajectories based on Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10) and calculated time-weighted averages for early adulthood (ages 20-49), mid-life (ages 50-69), and late-life (ages 70-89) for 6,122 older participants. Adjusted pooled logistic and mixed-effects models estimated associations of imputed depressive symptoms with two cognitive outcomes: cognitive impairment defined by established criteria and a composite cognitive score. RESULTS In separate models, elevated depressive symptoms in each life stage were associated with cognitive outcomes: early adulthood OR for cognitive impairment = 1.59 (95%CI: 1.35,1.87); mid-life OR = 1.94 (95%CI:1.16, 3.26); and late-life OR = 1.77 (95%CI:1.42, 2.21). When adjusted for depressive symptoms in the other life-stages, elevated depressive symptoms in early adulthood (OR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.42,2.11) and late-life (OR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.08,1.89) remained associated with cognitive impairment and were also associated with faster rates of cognitive decline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Imputing depressive symptom trajectories from pooled cohorts may help expand data across the life course. Our findings suggest early adulthood depressive symptoms may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment independent of mid- or late-life depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willa D. Brenowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sherita H. Golden
- Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annette L. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Predictors of depression and dementia among elderly people in rural Jodhpur. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102419. [PMID: 33271710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
42
|
Formánek T, Csajbók Z, Wolfová K, Kučera M, Tom S, Aarsland D, Cermakova P. Trajectories of depressive symptoms and associated patterns of cognitive decline. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20888. [PMID: 33257789 PMCID: PMC7705007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the pattern and rate of cognitive decline across distinctive trajectories of depressive symptoms in older adults. In this prospective multinational cohort study on 69,066 participants (on average 64 years at baseline, 55% women), assessments of cognitive functions (immediate recall, delayed recall, verbal fluency) and depressive symptoms (EURO-D scale) were conducted at 2-year intervals. The trajectories of depressive symptoms were obtained using latent growth mixture modelling, cognitive decline was assessed using smoothing splines and linear mixed effects models. Four distinct trajectories of depressive symptoms were identified: constantly low (n = 49,660), constantly high (n = 2999), increasing (n = 6828) and decreasing (n = 9579). Individuals with increasing and constantly high depressive symptoms showed linear cognitive decline, while those with constantly low and decreasing depressive symptoms had fluctuating cognition. Participants with increasing depressive symptoms had the fastest decline, while those with decreasing symptoms were spared from decline in cognition. This study suggests that the pattern as well as the rate of cognitive decline co-occurs with specific patterns of changes in depressive symptoms over time. The most pronounced cognitive decline is present in individuals, in whom depressive symptoms increase late in life. Unique mechanisms of cognitive decline may exist for subgroups of the population, and are associated with the trajectory of depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Formánek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Zsófia Csajbók
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Katrin Wolfová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Kučera
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Sarah Tom
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre of Age-Related Medicine, University Hospital Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Pavla Cermakova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic. .,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic. .,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Reppermund S, Heintze T, Srasuebkul P, Trollor JN. Health Profiles, Health Services Use, and Transition to Dementia in Inpatients With Late-Life Depression and Other Mental Illnesses. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 22:1465-1470. [PMID: 33246842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression has been reported as a risk factor for dementia. We compared health and health service use profiles in older people hospitalized with late-life depression and older people hospitalized with other mental illnesses and examined the transition to dementia. DESIGN A retrospective population-based study using linked administrative health data over 11 years. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The sample includes 55,717 inpatients age 65+ years with depression and 104,068 inpatients age 65+ years with other mental illnesses in New South Wales, Australia. METHODS The risk of subsequent dementia under consideration of sociodemographics, comorbidities, and health service use was analyzed with logistic regression. RESULTS The most prominent differences were the rates of delirium and self-harm with a 6 times lower rate of delirium and an 8 times higher rate of self-harm in people with late-life depression compared with those with other mental illness. Inpatients with late-life depression had an increased risk of subsequent dementia by 12% and received a dementia diagnosis at a younger age compared with inpatients with other mental illnesses. Besides depression only 3 other conditions, delirium, diabetes, and cerebrovascular accidents, were associated with an increased dementia risk. Other factors associated with an increased dementia risk were longer hospital stays, low socioeconomic status, male sex, and older age. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results from this study lead to a better understanding of the risk for dementia and of differences in health profiles and health services use in older people with depression compared with those with other mental illnesses. Our findings highlight the importance of the clinical management and prevention of self-harm and delirium in older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Reppermund
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Theresa Heintze
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Preeyaporn Srasuebkul
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Heser K, Fink A, Reinke C, Wagner M, Doblhammer G. The temporal association between incident late-life depression and incident dementia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 142:402-412. [PMID: 32712956 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an established association between depression and subsequent dementia. The present study examined temporal associations between incident late-life depression and subsequent dementia, also considering age and sex. METHODS We used longitudinal health claims data from the largest German health insurance provider ('Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse') considering up to 9 follow-up years in piecewise exponential models. ICD-10 codes were used to define incident depression and dementia in individuals ≥65 years (n = 97 110). RESULTS Incident depression was associated with a higher risk of subsequent dementia (incidence rate ratios (IRR) adjusted for age and sex: IRR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.51-1.64). The strongest association was found for the shortest interval of 1 quarter (IRR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.88-2.21), with significant associations up to an interval of roughly 3 years. The association was more pronounced and lasted for more quarters in the younger portion of this study group (ages from 65-74: IRR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.83-2.18; 75-84: IRR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.55-1.73; ≥85: IRR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.08-1.31). It was stronger among men than women (men: IRR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.84-2.14; women: IRR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.37-1.51) with no sex-specific temporal association. CONCLUSION This large claims data study confirmed that incident late-life depression is associated with a higher risk of dementia within the 3 years following diagnosis. Hence, incident late-life depression should prompt further cognitive examinations and referrals to specialists. This might apply especially to younger seniors and men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Heser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, 53127, Germany
| | - A Fink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - C Reinke
- University of Rostock, Rostock, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Germany
| | - M Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, 53127, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - G Doblhammer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.,University of Rostock, Rostock, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Risk of Dementia in Patients with Depression or Parkinson's Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 2020:8493916. [PMID: 33101634 PMCID: PMC7569430 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8493916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to clarify whether Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression were independent risk factors or with synergic effects in dementia. Methods Newly diagnosed PD (n = 1213) patients and control subjects (n = 4852) were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from January 2001 through December 2008. Follow-up ended in 2011 with an outcome of dementia occurring or not. This cohort was divided into controls with or without depression, PD only, and PD with depression. The incident rate of dementia and hazard ratio (HR) using Cox's regression analysis were calculated for each group. Results When compared with controls without depression as HR 1.00, the adjusted HR for dementia was 3.29 (p < 0.001) in the PD only group, 2.77 (p < 0.001) in the PD with depression group, and 1.55 (p=0.024) in the depression only group. The incident rate of dementia was 29.2 (per 1000 person-years) in the PD only group and 13.2 in the PD with depression group. The effect of PD on dementia in the depression group produced a HR of 0.97 (p=0.905). Conclusions Parkinson's disease served as a risk factor for dementia. By comparison, depression was not a risk factor for dementia in PD patients, although it did act as a risk factor for dementia.
Collapse
|
46
|
Association of Late Life Depression, (Non-) Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors with Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: Literature Review on Current Evidences, Preventive Interventions and Possible Future Trends in Prevention and Treatment of Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207475. [PMID: 33066592 PMCID: PMC7602449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The number of people living with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease is growing rapidly, making dementia one of the biggest challenges for this century. Many studies have indicated that depression plays an important role in development of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease; depression, especially, during the late life may either increase the risk of dementia or even being its prodromal stage. Despite a notably large number of carried observational studies and/or clinical trials, the association between the late life depression and dementia remains, due to the complexity of their relationship, still unclear. Moreover, during past two decades multiple other (non-)modifiable risk and possibly protective factors such as the hypertension, social engagement, obesity, level of education or physical (in)activity have been identified and their relationship with the risk for development of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease has been extensively studied. It has been proposed that to understand mechanisms of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease pathogeneses require their multifactorial nature represented by these multiple factors to be considered. In this review, we first summarize the recent literature findings on roles of the late life depression and the other known (non-)modifiable risk and possibly protective factors in development of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Then, we provide evidences supporting hypotheses that (i) depressive syndromes in late life may indicate the prodromal stage of dementia (Alzheimer’s disease) and, (ii) the interplay among the multiple (non-)modifiable risk and protective factors should be considered to gain a better understanding of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease pathogeneses. We also discuss the evidences of recently established interventions considered to prevent or delay the prodromes of dementia and provide the prospective future directions in prevention and treatment of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease using both the single-domain and multidomain interventions.
Collapse
|
47
|
Kuring JK, Mathias JL, Ward L. Risk of Dementia in persons who have previously experienced clinically-significant Depression, Anxiety, or PTSD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:247-261. [PMID: 32469813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, anxiety and PTSD appear to be linked to dementia, but it is unclear whether they are risk factors (causal or prodromal) for, comorbid with, or sequelae to (secondary effect of) dementia. Existing meta-analyses have examined depression or anxiety in all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), but have not considered post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), or frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The current meta-analysis examined the risk of developing dementia (AD, VaD, DLB, FTD, all-cause) in people with and without a history of clinically-significant depression, anxiety or PTSD in order to better understand the link between mental illness and dementia (PROSPERO number: CRD42018099872). METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL searches identified 36 eligible studies. RESULTS There is a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia and AD in people with previous depression, and a higher risk of all-cause dementia in people with prior anxiety, than in persons without this history. Prior PTSD was not associated with a higher risk of later being diagnosed with dementia. LIMITATIONS The data for anxiety, PTSD, DLB and FTD were limited. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety appear to be risk factors for dementia, but longitudinal studies across adulthood (young adult/mid-life/older adult) are needed to evaluate the likely causal or prodromal nature of this risk. The link between PTSD and dementia remains unclear. Regular screening for new onset mental illness and for cognitive changes in older adults with a history of mental illness may assist with earlier identification of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Kuring
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J L Mathias
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - L Ward
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chan YLE, Chen MH, Tsai SJ, Bai YM, Tsai CF, Cheng CM, Su TP, Chang WH, Chen TJ, Li CT. Treatment-Resistant depression enhances risks of dementia and alzheimer's disease: A nationwide longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:806-812. [PMID: 32664018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence indicates late-onset depression or depression with greater severity are associated with subsequent risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether treatment-resistant depression is associated with such risks remain elusive. METHODS Using the Taiwan Nationwide Health Insurance Research Database, 3,345 patients with newly-diagnosed major depressive disorder (MDD) and 13,380 well-matched controls were enrolled between 2002 and 2004. MDD patients were stratified according to their treatment response to adequate antidepressant trials, and all participants were followed up until the end of 2013. Those who developed dementia and AD were identified. RESULTS MDD patients were more likely to develop dementia and AD than controls. Difficult-to-treat patients (i.e., DTT; those who failed to respond to at least two adequate antidepressant trials) had the highest risk of developing dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.19) and AD (HR 4.44), whereas easy-to-treat patients (i.e., ETT-1; those who had no prescription of antidepressants) had the lowest risk of developing dementia (HR 2.37) and AD (HR 2.59) compared with controls. Subsequent analysis demonstrated that only among patients with late-onset depression (age > 65 years), DTT patients consistently showed higher risks and faster development of dementia (HR 6.64, mean: 1.45 yr) and AD (HR 4.97, mean: 1.67 yr) than did ETT-1 patients and controls. LIMITATIONS Subjects who have not received medical examination were not included as diagnosis were determined by ICD codes. Also, longer follow-up period might be needed for the younger group. CONCLUSIONS Late-onset treatment-resistant depression is associated with an elevated risk of dementia and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Lam E Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Yuanshan Branch, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Ping Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Han Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science and Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Purewal R. Dementia in UK prisons: Failings and solutions? CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH : CBMH 2020; 30:59-64. [PMID: 32495973 DOI: 10.1002/cbm.2150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
|
50
|
Başgöz B, İnce S, Safer U, Naharcı Mİ, Taşçı İ. Low bone density and osteoporosis among older adults with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and mixed dementia: A Cross-sectional Study With Prospective Enrollment. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 66:193-200. [PMID: 32760897 PMCID: PMC7401688 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2020.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in older adults with dementia compared to those with a normal cognitive status and to evaluate the type, severity, and duration of dementia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between May 2013 and May 2017, a total of 363 participants aged ≥65 years (136 males, 227 females; mean age 78.4±5.4 years; range 66 to 99 years) with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), or mixed dementia (AD-VaD) were included in this single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study. The dementia group included 93 patients with dementia and the control group included 270 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure BMD of the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. RESULTS Controlled for age and sex, demented and non-demented participants had a similar BMD (g/cm2) at lumbar spine [F (1, 358):0.83, p=363], but lower BMD values of total hip [F (1, 359):10.26, p=0.001] and femoral neck [F (1, 359):15.21, p<0.001] in the patients with dementia. Adjusted percentage of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on total hip and femoral neck T-scores were also significantly higher in the patient group. The mean BMD values, frequency of osteoporosis, and low bone mass did not significantly differ according to the subtype of dementia, sex, and disease duration or severity. CONCLUSION Our study results show that demented elders have a lower BMD and higher frequency of osteoporosis at the hip, but not at the lumbar spine, irrespective of sex and type of dementia. Based on these results, we can speculate that not only AD, but also VaD and AD-VaD may be associated with bone loss at the hip.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilgin Başgöz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semra İnce
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Safer
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet İlkin Naharcı
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlker Taşçı
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|