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Vaez M, Montalbano S, Calle Sánchez X, Georgii Hellberg KL, Dehkordi SR, Krebs MD, Meijsen J, Shorter J, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Mortensen PB, Børglum AD, Hougaard DM, Nordentoft M, Geschwind DH, Buil A, Schork AJ, Helenius D, Raznahan A, Thompson WK, Werge T, Ingason A. Population-Based Risk of Psychiatric Disorders Associated With Recurrent Copy Number Variants. JAMA Psychiatry 2024:2820398. [PMID: 38922630 PMCID: PMC11209205 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Importance Recurrent copy number variants (rCNVs) have been associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorders in case-control studies, but their population-level impact is unknown. Objective To provide unbiased population-based estimates of prevalence and risk associated with psychiatric disorders for rCNVs and to compare risks across outcomes, rCNV dosage type (deletions or duplications), and locus features. Design, Setting, and Participants This genetic association study is an analysis of data from the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) case-cohort sample of individuals born in Denmark in 1981-2008 and followed up until 2015, including (1) all individuals (n = 92 531) with a hospital discharge diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), or schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) and (2) a subcohort (n = 50 625) randomly drawn from the source population. Data were analyzed from January 2021 to August 2023. Exposures Carrier status of deletions and duplications at 27 autosomal rCNV loci was determined from neonatal blood samples genotyped on single-nucleotide variant microarrays. Main Outcomes and Measures Population-based rCNV prevalence was estimated with a survey model using finite population correction to account for oversampling of cases. Hazard ratio (HR) estimates and 95% CIs for psychiatric disorders were derived using weighted Cox proportional hazard models. Risks were compared across outcomes, dosage type, and locus features using generalized estimating equation models. Results A total of 3547 rCNVs were identified in 64 735 individuals assigned male at birth (53.8%) and 55 512 individuals assigned female at birth (46.2%) whose age at the end of follow-up ranged from 7.0 to 34.7 years (mean, 21.8 years). Most observed increases in rCNV-associated risk for ADHD, ASD, or SSD were moderate, and risk estimates were highly correlated across these disorders. Notable exceptions included high ASD-associated risk observed for Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome duplications (HR, 20.8; 95% CI, 7.9-55). No rCNV was associated with increased MDD risk. Also, rCNV-associated risk was positively correlated with locus size and gene constraint but not with dosage type. Comparison with published case-control and community-based studies revealed a higher prevalence of deletions and lower associated increase in risk for several rCNVs in iPSYCH2015. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that several rCNVs were more prevalent and conferred less risk of psychiatric disorders than estimated previously. Most case-control studies overestimate rCNV-associated risk of psychiatric disorders, likely because of selection bias. In an era where genetics is increasingly being clinically applied, these results highlight the importance of population-based risk estimates for genetics-based predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Vaez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simone Montalbano
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Xabier Calle Sánchez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kajsa-Lotta Georgii Hellberg
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Saeid Rasekhi Dehkordi
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Dybdahl Krebs
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joeri Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John Shorter
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben B. Mortensen
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine – Human Genetics and the iSEQ Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David M. Hougaard
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H. Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego
- Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN), Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Dorte Helenius
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrés Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Kendall KM, Duffin D, Doherty J, Irving R, Procter A, Walters JTR. The translation of psychiatric genetic findings to the clinic. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:470-472. [PMID: 37919212 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders are highly heritable and can affect morbidity and mortality. A large, growing body of evidence has implicated both common and rare variation in the risk of these disorders. Testing for rare variants, such as copy number variants, has been available in clinical practice for some time in the context of developmental disorders. However, until recently, individuals with mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders in the UK have not tended to access genetic counselling and testing. Here, we describe the development of the All Wales Psychiatric Genomics Service, a collaborative effort between psychiatric and clinical genetics services and the first of its kind in the UK. We provide an overview of the structure and function of the service, our referral criteria, a summary of the 40 referrals we have received to date and our future plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Marie Kendall
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Donna Duffin
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanne Doherty
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Rachel Irving
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom.
| | - Annie Procter
- All Wales Medical Genomics Service, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom
| | - James Tynan Rhys Walters
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
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3
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Wang X, Xia Y, Yan R, Sun H, Huang Y, Xia Q, Sheng J, You W, Hua L, Tang H, Yao Z, Lu Q. Sex differences in anhedonia in bipolar depression: a resting-state fMRI study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01765-4. [PMID: 38558145 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies about anhedonia symptoms in bipolar depression (BD) ignored the unique role of gender on brain function. This study aims to explore the regional brain neuroimaging features of BD with anhedonia and the sex differences in these patients. The resting-fMRI by applying fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) method was estimated in 263 patients with BD (174 high anhedonia [HA], 89 low anhedonia [LA]) and 213 healthy controls. The effects of two different factors in patients with BD were analyzed using a 3 (group: HA, LA, HC) × 2 (sex: male, female) ANOVA. The fALFF values were higher in the HA group than in the LA group in the right medial cingulate gyrus and supplementary motor area. For the sex-by-group interaction, the fALFF values of the right hippocampus, left medial occipital gyrus, right insula, and bilateral medial cingulate gyrus were significantly higher in HA males than in LA males but not females. These results suggested that the pattern of high activation could be a marker of anhedonia symptoms in BD males, and the sex differences should be considered in future studies of BD with anhedonia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi Xia
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui Yan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao Sun
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yinghong Huang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiudong Xia
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Junling Sheng
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wei You
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lingling Hua
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao Tang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhijian Yao
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 sipailou, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Bourque VR, Poulain C, Proulx C, Moreau CA, Joober R, Forgeot d'Arc B, Huguet G, Jacquemont S. Genetic and phenotypic similarity across major psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and quantitative assessment. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:171. [PMID: 38555309 PMCID: PMC10981737 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There is widespread overlap across major psychiatric disorders, and this is the case at different levels of observations, from genetic variants to brain structures and function and to symptoms. However, it remains unknown to what extent these commonalities at different levels of observation map onto each other. Here, we systematically review and compare the degree of similarity between psychiatric disorders at all available levels of observation. We searched PubMed and EMBASE between January 1, 2009 and September 8, 2022. We included original studies comparing at least four of the following five diagnostic groups: Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, with measures of similarities between all disorder pairs. Data extraction and synthesis were performed by two independent researchers, following the PRISMA guidelines. As main outcome measure, we assessed the Pearson correlation measuring the degree of similarity across disorders pairs between studies and biological levels of observation. We identified 2975 studies, of which 28 were eligible for analysis, featuring similarity measures based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms, gene-based analyses, gene expression, structural and functional connectivity neuroimaging measures. The majority of correlations (88.6%) across disorders between studies, within and between levels of observation, were positive. To identify a consensus ranking of similarities between disorders, we performed a principal component analysis. Its first dimension explained 51.4% (95% CI: 43.2, 65.4) of the variance in disorder similarities across studies and levels of observation. Based on levels of genetic correlation, we estimated the probability of another psychiatric diagnosis in first-degree relatives and showed that they were systematically lower than those observed in population studies. Our findings highlight that genetic and brain factors may underlie a large proportion, but not all of the diagnostic overlaps observed in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Poulain
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Proulx
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Clara A Moreau
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Ridha Joober
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Baudouin Forgeot d'Arc
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Faraone SV, Bellgrove MA, Brikell I, Cortese S, Hartman CA, Hollis C, Newcorn JH, Philipsen A, Polanczyk GV, Rubia K, Sibley MH, Buitelaar JK. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:11. [PMID: 38388701 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; also known as hyperkinetic disorder) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects children and adults worldwide. ADHD has a predominantly genetic aetiology that involves common and rare genetic variants. Some environmental correlates of the disorder have been discovered but causation has been difficult to establish. The heterogeneity of the condition is evident in the diverse presentation of symptoms and levels of impairment, the numerous co-occurring mental and physical conditions, the various domains of neurocognitive impairment, and extensive minor structural and functional brain differences. The diagnosis of ADHD is reliable and valid when evaluated with standard diagnostic criteria. Curative treatments for ADHD do not exist but evidence-based treatments substantially reduce symptoms and/or functional impairment. Medications are effective for core symptoms and are usually well tolerated. Some non-pharmacological treatments are valuable, especially for improving adaptive functioning. Clinical and neurobiological research is ongoing and could lead to the creation of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen V Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Mark A Bellgrove
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Isabell Brikell
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
- Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA
- DiMePRe-J-Department of Precision and Rigenerative Medicine-Jonic Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Chris Hollis
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) MindTech MedTech Co-operative and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Mental Health, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jeffrey H Newcorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Guilherme V Polanczyk
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Transcampus Professor KCL-Dresden, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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6
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Boen R, Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, Frei O, Agartz I, Ames D, Andersson M, Armstrong NJ, Artiges E, Atkins JR, Bauer J, Benedetti F, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brosch K, Buckner RL, Cairns MJ, Calhoun V, Caspers S, Cichon S, Corvin AP, Crespo-Facorro B, Dannlowski U, David FS, de Geus EJC, de Zubicaray GI, Desrivières S, Doherty JL, Donohoe G, Ehrlich S, Eising E, Espeseth T, Fisher SE, Forstner AJ, Fortaner-Uyà L, Frouin V, Fukunaga M, Ge T, Glahn DC, Goltermann J, Grabe HJ, Green MJ, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Grøntvedt GR, Hahn T, Hashimoto R, Hehir-Kwa JY, Henskens FA, Holmes AJ, Håberg AK, Haavik J, Jacquemont S, Jansen A, Jockwitz C, Jönsson EG, Kikuchi M, Kircher T, Kumar K, Le Hellard S, Leu C, Linden DE, Liu J, Loughnan R, Mather KA, McMahon KL, McRae AF, Medland SE, Meinert S, Moreau CA, Morris DW, Mowry BJ, Mühleisen TW, Nenadić I, Nöthen MM, Nyberg L, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Pantelis C, Paolini M, Paus T, Pausova Z, Persson K, Quidé Y, Marques TR, Sachdev PS, Sando SB, Schall U, Scott RJ, Selbæk G, Shumskaya E, Silva AI, Sisodiya SM, Stein F, Stein DJ, Straube B, Streit F, Strike LT, Teumer A, Teutenberg L, Thalamuthu A, Tooney PA, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Trollor JN, van 't Ent D, van den Bree MBM, van Haren NEM, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Völzke H, Wen W, Wittfeld K, Ching CRK, Westlye LT, Thompson PM, Bearden CE, Selmer KK, Alnæs D, Andreassen OA, Sønderby IE. Beyond the Global Brain Differences: Intraindividual Variability Differences in 1q21.1 Distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Deletion Carriers. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:147-160. [PMID: 37661008 PMCID: PMC7615370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carriers of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants exhibit regional and global brain differences compared with noncarriers. However, interpreting regional differences is challenging if a global difference drives the regional brain differences. Intraindividual variability measures can be used to test for regional differences beyond global differences in brain structure. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging data were used to obtain regional brain values for 1q21.1 distal deletion (n = 30) and duplication (n = 27) and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion (n = 170) and duplication (n = 243) carriers and matched noncarriers (n = 2350). Regional intra-deviation scores, i.e., the standardized difference between an individual's regional difference and global difference, were used to test for regional differences that diverge from the global difference. RESULTS For the 1q21.1 distal deletion carriers, cortical surface area for regions in the medial visual cortex, posterior cingulate, and temporal pole differed less and regions in the prefrontal and superior temporal cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical surface area. For the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion carriers, cortical thickness in regions in the medial visual cortex, auditory cortex, and temporal pole differed less and the prefrontal and somatosensory cortex differed more than the global difference in cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS We find evidence for regional effects beyond differences in global brain measures in 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants. The results provide new insight into brain profiling of the 1q21.1 distal and 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 copy number variants, with the potential to increase understanding of the mechanisms involved in altered neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Boen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Ames
- University of Melbourne Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, St George's Hospital, Kew, Victoria, Australia; National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Micael Andersson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Établissement public de santé (EPS) Barthélemy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Joshua R Atkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Health and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jochen Bauer
- University Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Randy L Buckner
- Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Health and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University/Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University Hospital Basel, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aiden P Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Centro superior de investigaciones científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Friederike S David
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Doherty
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Donohoe
- School of Psychology and Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Else Eising
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lidia Fortaner-Uyà
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tian Ge
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melissa J Green
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gøril Rolfseng Grøntvedt
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jayne Y Hehir-Kwa
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans A Henskens
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Avram J Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sebastien Jacquemont
- Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Core-Facility Brainimaging and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Jockwitz
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masataka Kikuchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kuldeep Kumar
- Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Costin Leu
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - David E Linden
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robert Loughnan
- Department of Cognitive Science and Population Neuroscience and Genetics Lab, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katie L McMahon
- School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Clara A Moreau
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Derek W Morris
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Bryan J Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas W Mühleisen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Departments of Radiation Sciences, Integrative Medical Biology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roel A Ophoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael J Owen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia; Western Centre for Health Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marco Paolini
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tomas Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karin Persson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Yann Quidé
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Health and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Division of Molecular Medicine, New South Wales Health Pathology, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana I Silva
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay M Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, United Kingdom
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dan J Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lachlan T Strike
- Psychiatric Genetics, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lea Teutenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul A Tooney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Health and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria UC-CSIC, Santander, Spain; Department of Radiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dennis van 't Ent
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne B M van den Bree
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences and Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Maqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla, Santander, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany; Greifswald University Hospital, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kaja K Selmer
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida E Sønderby
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Auwerx C, Jõeloo M, Sadler MC, Tesio N, Ojavee S, Clark CJ, Mägi R, Reymond A, Kutalik Z. Rare copy-number variants as modulators of common disease susceptibility. Genome Med 2024; 16:5. [PMID: 38185688 PMCID: PMC10773105 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy-number variations (CNVs) have been associated with rare and debilitating genomic disorders (GDs) but their impact on health later in life in the general population remains poorly described. METHODS Assessing four modes of CNV action, we performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) between the copy-number of CNV-proxy probes and 60 curated ICD-10 based clinical diagnoses in 331,522 unrelated white British UK Biobank (UKBB) participants with replication in the Estonian Biobank. RESULTS We identified 73 signals involving 40 diseases, all of which indicating that CNVs increased disease risk and caused earlier onset. We estimated that 16% of these associations are indirect, acting by increasing body mass index (BMI). Signals mapped to 45 unique, non-overlapping regions, nine of which being linked to known GDs. Number and identity of genes affected by CNVs modulated their pathogenicity, with many associations being supported by colocalization with both common and rare single-nucleotide variant association signals. Dissection of association signals provided insights into the epidemiology of known gene-disease pairs (e.g., deletions in BRCA1 and LDLR increased risk for ovarian cancer and ischemic heart disease, respectively), clarified dosage mechanisms of action (e.g., both increased and decreased dosage of 17q12 impacted renal health), and identified putative causal genes (e.g., ABCC6 for kidney stones). Characterization of the pleiotropic pathological consequences of recurrent CNVs at 15q13, 16p13.11, 16p12.2, and 22q11.2 in adulthood indicated variable expressivity of these regions and the involvement of multiple genes. Finally, we show that while the total burden of rare CNVs-and especially deletions-strongly associated with disease risk, it only accounted for ~ 0.02% of the UKBB disease burden. These associations are mainly driven by CNVs at known GD CNV regions, whose pleiotropic effect on common diseases was broader than anticipated by our CNV-GWAS. CONCLUSIONS Our results shed light on the prominent role of rare CNVs in determining common disease susceptibility within the general population and provide actionable insights for anticipating later-onset comorbidities in carriers of recurrent CNVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Auwerx
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Maarja Jõeloo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marie C Sadler
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolò Tesio
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sven Ojavee
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charlie J Clark
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Genopode building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, 1005, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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8
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Halvorsen M, de Schipper E, Boberg J, Strom N, Hagen K, Lindblad-Toh K, Karlsson E, Pedersen N, Bulik C, Fundín B, Landén M, Kvale G, Hansen B, Haavik J, Mattheisen M, Rück C, Mataix-Cols D, Crowley J. A Burden of Rare Copy Number Variants in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3749504. [PMID: 38260575 PMCID: PMC10802697 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3749504/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Current genetic research on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) supports contributions to risk specifically from common single nucleotide variants (SNVs), along with rare coding SNVs and small insertion-deletions (indels). The contribution to OCD risk from large, rare copy number variants (CNVs), however, has not been formally assessed at a similar scale. Here we describe an analysis of rare CNVs called from genotype array data in 2,248 deeply phenotyped OCD cases and 3,608 unaffected controls from Sweden and Norway. We found that in general cases carry an elevated burden of large (>30kb, at least 15 probes) CNVs (OR=1.12, P=1.77×10-3). The excess rate of these CNVs in cases versus controls was around 0.07 (95% CI 0.02-0.11, P=2.58×10-3). This signal was largely driven by CNVs overlapping protein-coding regions (OR=1.19, P=3.08×10-4), particularly deletions impacting loss-of-function intolerant genes (pLI>0.995, OR=4.12, P=2.54×10-5). We did not identify any specific locus where CNV burden was associated with OCD case status at genome-wide significance, but we noted non-random recurrence of CNV deletions in cases (permutation P = 2.60×10-3). In cases where sufficient clinical data were available (n=1612) we found that carriers of neurodevelopmental duplications were more likely to have comorbid autism (P<0.001), and that carriers of deletions overlapping neurodevelopmental genes had lower treatment response (P=0.02). The results demonstrate a contribution of large, rare CNVs to OCD risk, and suggest that studies of rare coding variation in OCD would have increased power to identify risk genes if this class of variation were incorporated into formal tests.
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Degenhardt F, Wohlleber E, Jamra RA, Hebebrand J. [Genetic Diagnostics in Everyday Clinical Practice in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Indications, Framework Conditions, Hurdles, and Proposed Solutions]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER- UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2024; 52:43-59. [PMID: 37641943 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Genetic Diagnostics in Everyday Clinical Practice in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Indications, Framework Conditions, Hurdles, and Proposed Solutions Abstract: Health insurance covers medically necessary genetic testing in Germany. Diagnostic genetic testing has become increasingly important for child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP), reflected by the rising number of national guidelines relevant to CAP, including genetic testing in the recommended diagnostic work-up. However, implementation of theses guidelines in routine clinical care is lacking. This article provides a concise overview of the relevance of genetic testing in CAP-related national guidelines. It outlines the legal and financial framework for genetic testing in Germany. Furthermore, it points out barriers to implementation and offers potential solutions. It then provides examples from clinical practice highlighting the potential benefits patients and their family members might have from receiving a genetic diagnosis. The article closes by outlining future CAP-relevant areas in which genetic testing may become clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Degenhardt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, LVR-Universitätsklinikum Essen, Kliniken und Institut der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Deutschland
| | | | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, LVR-Universitätsklinikum Essen, Kliniken und Institut der Universität Duisburg-Essen, Deutschland
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10
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Caseras X, Legge SE, Bracher-Smith M, Anney R, Owen MJ, Escott-Price V, Kirov G. Copy Number Variants Increasing Risk for Schizophrenia: Shared and Distinct Effects on Brain Morphometry and Cognitive Performance. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:902-911. [PMID: 37881570 PMCID: PMC10593876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Copy number variations (CNVs) conferring risk for mental disorders are associated with brain changes and cognitive deficits. However, whether these effects are shared or distinct across CNVs remains untested. Here we compared the effects on brain morphometry and cognitive performance across CNVs with shared psychiatric liability. Methods Unaffected and unrelated participants of White British and Irish ancestry were drawn from the UK Biobank. After quality control, we retained 31,941 participants not carrying any damaging CNVs and 202 participants carrying one CNV increasing risk for schizophrenia. Using regression analyses, we tested the association between brain morphometry and cognitive performance with CNV carrying status and compared these effect sizes across CNVs using z test for the equality of regression coefficients. Equation modeling was used to examine the mediation of brain phenotypes on the association between CNVs and cognitive performance. Results We detected different patterns of association between CNVs and brain morphometry and cognitive abilities. Comparing across CNVs, 1q21.1 deletion showed the strongest association with surface area in frontal lobe (β = -1.03, p = 4 × 10-8; β = -0.81, p = .00001) and performance in digit memory (β = -1.58, p = .00003), while 1q21.1 duplication showed the strongest association with volume of the putamen (β = -0.70, p = .0004) and reaction time (β = -1.14, p = .000002). We also showed that even when 2 CNVs were associated with performance in the same cognitive ability, these associations were mediated by different brain changes. Conclusions Despite sharing similar psychiatric liability, the CNVs under study appeared to have different effects on brain morphometry and on performance in cognitive abilities, suggesting the existence of distinctive neurobiological pathways into the same clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Caseras
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie E. Legge
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Bracher-Smith
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Anney
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Owen
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - George Kirov
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
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11
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Büki G, Hadzsiev K, Bene J. Copy Number Variations in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13671. [PMID: 37761973 PMCID: PMC10530736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are complex conditions that represent a significant global health burden with complex and multifactorial etiologies. Technological advances in recent years have improved our understanding of the genetic architecture of the major neuropsychiatric disorders and the genetic loci involved. Previous studies mainly investigated genome-wide significant SNPs to elucidate the cross-disorder and disorder-specific genetic basis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Although copy number variations represent a major source of genetic variations, they are known risk factors in developing a variety of human disorders, including certain neuropsychiatric diseases. In this review, we demonstrate the current understanding of CNVs contributing to liability for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judit Bene
- Department of Medical Genetics, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.B.); (K.H.)
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12
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Vaez M, Montalbano S, Sánchez XC, Georgii Hellberg KL, Rasekhi Dehkordi S, Dybdahl Krebs M, Meijsen J, Shorter J, Byberg-Grauholm J, Mortensen PB, Børglum AD, Hougaard DM, Nordentoft M, Geschwind DH, Buil A, Schork AJ, Helenius D, Raznahan A, Thompson WK, Werge T, Ingason A. Population-based Risk of Psychiatric Disorders Associated with Recurrent CNVs. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.04.23294975. [PMID: 37886536 PMCID: PMC10602037 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.04.23294975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent copy number variants (rCNVs) are associated with increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders but their pathogenic population-level impact is unknown. We provide population-based estimates of rCNV-associated risk of neuropsychiatric disorders for 34 rCNVs in the iPSYCH2015 case-cohort sample (n=120,247). Most observed significant increases in rCNV-associated risk for ADHD, autism or schizophrenia were moderate (HR:1.42-5.00), and risk estimates were highly correlated across these disorders, the most notable exception being high autism-associated risk with Prader-Willi/Angelman Syndrome duplications (HR=20.8). No rCNV was associated with significant increase in depression risk. Also, rCNV-associated risk was positively correlated with locus size and gene constraint. Comparison with published rCNV studies suggests that prevalence of some rCNVs is higher, and risk of psychiatric disorders lower, than previously estimated. In an era where genetics is increasingly being clinically applied, our results highlight the importance of population-based risk estimates for genetics-based predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Vaez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simone Montalbano
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Xabier Calle Sánchez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kajsa-Lotta Georgii Hellberg
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Saeid Rasekhi Dehkordi
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Dybdahl Krebs
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joeri Meijsen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John Shorter
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jonas Byberg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics and the iSEQ Center, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew J Schork
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Dorte Helenius
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrés Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Owen MJ, Legge SE, Rees E, Walters JTR, O'Donovan MC. Genomic findings in schizophrenia and their implications. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3638-3647. [PMID: 37853064 PMCID: PMC10730422 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
There has been substantial progress in understanding the genetics of schizophrenia over the past 15 years. This has revealed a highly polygenic condition with the majority of the currently explained heritability coming from common alleles of small effect but with additional contributions from rare copy number and coding variants. Many specific genes and loci have been implicated that provide a firm basis upon which mechanistic research can proceed. These point to disturbances in neuronal, and particularly synaptic, functions that are not confined to a small number of brain regions and circuits. Genetic findings have also revealed the nature of schizophrenia's close relationship to other conditions, particularly bipolar disorder and childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, and provided an explanation for how common risk alleles persist in the population in the face of reduced fecundity. Current genomic approaches only potentially explain around 40% of heritability, but only a small proportion of this is attributable to robustly identified loci. The extreme polygenicity poses challenges for understanding biological mechanisms. The high degree of pleiotropy points to the need for more transdiagnostic research and the shortcomings of current diagnostic criteria as means of delineating biologically distinct strata. It also poses challenges for inferring causality in observational and experimental studies in both humans and model systems. Finally, the Eurocentric bias of genomic studies needs to be rectified to maximise benefits and ensure these are felt across diverse communities. Further advances are likely to come through the application of new and emerging technologies, such as whole-genome and long-read sequencing, to large and diverse samples. Substantive progress in biological understanding will require parallel advances in functional genomics and proteomics applied to the brain across developmental stages. For these efforts to succeed in identifying disease mechanisms and defining novel strata they will need to be combined with sufficiently granular phenotypic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Owen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Sophie E Legge
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Elliott Rees
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - James T R Walters
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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14
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Nitte CM, Dobelke F, König J, Konrad M, Becker K, Kamp-Becker I, Weber S. Review of neurodevelopmental disorders in patients with HNF1B gene variations. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1149875. [PMID: 36969268 PMCID: PMC10034397 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1149875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This review investigates the association between neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) and variations of the gene HNF1B. Heterozygous intragenetic mutations or heterozygous gene deletions (17q12 microdeletion syndrome) of HNF1B are the cause of a multi-system developmental disorder, termed renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD). Several studies suggest that in general, patients with genetic variation of HNF1B have an elevated risk for additional neurodevelopmental disorders, especially autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but a comprehensive assessment is yet missing. This review provides an overview including all available studies of patients with HNF1B mutation or deletion with comorbid NDD with respect to the prevalence of NDDs and in how they differ between patients with an intragenic mutation or 17q12 microdeletion. A total of 31 studies was identified, comprising 695 patients with variations in HNF1B, (17q12 microdeletion N = 416, mutation N = 279). Main results include that NDDs are present in both groups (17q12 microdeletion 25.2% vs. mutation 6.8%, respectively) but that patients with 17q12 microdeletions presented more frequently with any NDDs and especially with learning difficulties compared to patients with a mutation of HNF1B. The observed prevalence of NDDs in patients with HNF1B variations seems to be higher than in the general population, but the validity of the estimated prevalence must be deemed insufficient. This review shows that systematical research of NDDs in patients with HNF1B mutations or deletions is lacking. Further studies regarding neuropsychological characteristics of both groups are needed. NDDs might be a concomitant of HFN1B-related disease and should be considered in clinical routine and scientific reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Marie Nitte
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Clara Nittel
| | - Frederike Dobelke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens König
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Konrad
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Katja Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Inge Kamp-Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Weber
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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15
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Hara T, Owada Y, Takata A. Genetics of bipolar disorder: insights into its complex architecture and biology from common and rare variants. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:183-191. [PMID: 35614313 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-022-01046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common mental disorder characterized by recurrent mood episodes, which causes major socioeconomic burdens globally. Though its disease pathogenesis is largely unknown, the high heritability of BD indicates strong contributions from genetic factors. In this review, we summarize the recent achievements in the genetics of BD, particularly those from genome-wide association study (GWAS) of common variants and next-generation sequencing analysis of rare variants. These include the identification of dozens of robust disease-associated loci, deepening of our understanding of the biology of BD, objective description of correlations with other psychiatric disorders and behavioral traits, formulation of methods for predicting disease risk and drug response, and the discovery of a single gene associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia spectrum with a large effect size. On the other hand, the findings to date have not yet made a clear contribution to the improvement of clinical psychiatry of BD. We overview the remaining challenges as well as possible paths to resolve them, referring to studies of other major neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Hara
- Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takata
- Molecular Pathology of Psychiatric Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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16
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Nobile B, Belzeaux R, Aouizerate B, Dubertret C, Haffen E, Llorca PM, Roux P, Polosan M, Schwan R, Walter M, Rey R, Januel D, Leboyer M, Bellivier F, Etain B, Courtet P, Olié E. Clinical characteristics associated with discrepancies between self- and clinician-rated suicidal ideation in patients with bipolar disorder (FACE-BD cohort). Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115055. [PMID: 36680982 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation (SI) is a major suicide risk factor; therefore, it is crucial to identify individuals with SI. Discrepancies between the clinicians and patients' estimation of SI may lead to under-evaluating the suicide risk. Yet, studies on discrepancies between self- and clinician-rated SI are lacking, although identifying the patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with such discrepancies might help to reduce the under-evaluation risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify features associated with SI rating discrepancies in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) because of the high prevalence of suicide in this population. Among the patients recruited by the French network of FondaMental expert centers for BD, patients with SI (i.e. ≥2 for item 12 of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report and/or ≥3 for item 10 of the clinician-rated Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) were selected and divided in concordant (i.e. SI in both self- and clinician-rated questionnaires; n = 130; 25.6%), and discordant (i.e. SI in only one questionnaire; n = 377; 74.4%). Depression severity was the feature most associated with SI evaluation discrepancy, especially in patients with SI identified only with the self-rated questionnaire. Clinician may under-evaluate SI presence in patients with low depression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Nobile
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France.
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire NutriNeuro (UMR INRA 1286), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France; Université de Paris, Inserm UMR1266, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, UFC, UBFC, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Psychiatry, University of Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Paul Roux
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CESP UMR1018, DevPsy-DisAP, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale, 78157 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Raymund Schwan
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Université de Lorraine, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Inserm U1254, Nancy, France
| | - Michel Walter
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | - Romain Rey
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95 bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Januel
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville-Evrard, 93332 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Translational NeuroPsychiatry Laboratory, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU IMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT), Créteil, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Paris, France
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- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil F-94000, France
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17
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Sanchez XC, Montalbano S, Vaez M, Krebs MD, Byberg-Grauholm J, Mortensen PB, Børglum AD, Hougaard DM, Nordentoft M, Geschwind DH, Buil A, Schork AJ, Thompson WK, Raznahan A, Helenius D, Werge T, Ingason A. Associations of psychiatric disorders with sex chromosome aneuploidies in the Danish iPSYCH2015 dataset: a case-cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 2023; 10:129-138. [PMID: 36697121 PMCID: PMC9976199 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased prevalence of mental illness has been reported in clinical studies of sex chromosome aneuploidies, but accurate population-based estimates of the prevalence and clinical detection rate of sex chromosome aneuploidies and the associated risks of psychiatric disorders are needed. In this study, we provide such estimates, valid for children and young adults of the contemporary Danish population. METHODS We used the iPSYCH2015 case-cohort dataset, which is based on a source population of single-born individuals born in Denmark between May 1, 1981, and Dec 31, 2008. The case sample comprises all individuals from the source population with a diagnosis of any index psychiatric disorder (schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, or ADHD) by the end of follow-up (Dec 31, 2015), registered in the hospital-based Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register. The cohort consists of individuals randomly selected from the source population, and overlaps with the case sample. Biobanked blood samples for individuals in the case and cohort samples underwent genotyping and quality-control filtering, after which we analysed microarray data to detect sex chromosome aneuploidy karyotypes (45,X, 47,XXX, 47,XXY, and 47,XYY). We estimated the population-valid prevalence of these karyotypes from the cohort sample. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risks of each index psychiatric disorder associated with each sex chromosome aneuploidy karyotype, by use of date of first hospitalisation with the index disorder in the respective case group and the cohort as outcome. The clinical detection rate was determined by comparing records of clinical diagnoses of genetic conditions from the Danish National Patient Register with sex chromosome aneuploidy karyotype determined by our study. FINDINGS The assessed sample comprised 119 481 individuals (78 726 in the case sample and 43 326 in the cohort) who had genotyped and quality-control-filtered blood samples, including 64 533 (54%) people of gonadal male sex and 54 948 (46%) of gonadal female sex. Age during follow-up ranged from 0 to 34·7 years (mean 10·9 years [SD 3·5 years]). Information on ethnicity was not available. We identified 387 (0·3%) individuals as carriers of sex chromosome aneuploidies. The overall prevalence of sex chromosome aneuploidies was 1·5 per 1000 individuals. Each sex chromosome aneuploidy karyotype was associated with an increased risk of at least one index psychiatric disorder, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 2·20 (95% CI 1·42-3·39) for 47,XXY; 2·73 (1·25-6·00) for 47,XXX; 3·56 (1·01-12·53) for 45,X; and 4·30 (2·48-7·55) for 47,XYY. All karyotypes were associated with an increased risk of ADHD (HRs ranging from 1·99 [1·24-3·19] to 6·15 [1·63-23·19]), autism spectrum disorder (2·72 [1·72-4·32] to 8·45 [2·49-28·61]), and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (1·80 [1·15-2·80] to 4·60 [1·57-13·51]). Increased risk of major depressive disorder was found for individuals with 47,XXY (1·88 [1·07-3·33]) and 47,XYY (2·65 [1·12-5·90]), and of bipolar disorder for those with 47,XXX (4·32 [1·12-16·62]). The proportion of sex chromosome aneuploidy carriers who had been clinically diagnosed was 93% for 45,X, but lower for 47,XXY (22%), 47,XXX (15%), and 47,XYY (15%). Among carriers, the risk of diagnosis of at least one index psychiatric disorder did not significantly differ between those who had and had not been clinically diagnosed with sex chromosome aneuploidies (p=0·65). INTERPRETATION Increased risks of psychiatric disorders associated with sex chromosome aneuploidies, combined with low rates of clinical diagnosis of sex chromosome aneuploidies, compromise the adequate provision of necessary health care and counselling to affected individuals and their families, which might be helped by increased application of genetic testing in clinical settings. FUNDING Lundbeck Foundation and National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Calle Sanchez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simone Montalbano
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morteza Vaez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Dybdahl Krebs
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Byberg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben B. Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine – Human Genetics and the iSEQ Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David M. Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
- Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGEN), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Wesley K. Thompson
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK USA
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dorte Helenius
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrés Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Montalbano S, Sánchez XC, Vaez M, Helenius D, Werge T, Ingason A. Accurate and Effective Detection of Recurrent Copy Number Variants in Large SNP Genotype Datasets. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e621. [PMID: 36469582 PMCID: PMC9729012 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Structural variations, including recurrent Copy Number Variants (CNVs) at specific genomic loci, have been found to be associated with increased risk of several diseases and syndromes. CNV carrier status can be determined in large collections of samples using SNP arrays and, more recently, sequencing data. Although there is some consensus among researchers about the essential steps required in such analysis (i.e., CNV calling, filtering of putative carriers, and visual validation using intensity data plots of the genomic region), standard methodologies and processes to control the quality and consistency of the results are lacking. Here, we present a comprehensive and user-friendly protocol that we have refined from our extensive research experience in the field. We cover every aspect of the analysis, from input data curation to final results. For each step, we highlight which parameters affect the analysis the most and how different settings may lead to different results. We provide a pipeline to run the complete analysis with effective (but customizable) pre-sets. We present software that we developed to better handle and filter putative CNV carriers and perform visual inspection to validate selected candidates. Finally, we describe methods to evaluate the critical sections and actions to counterbalance potential problems. The current implementation is focused on Illumina SNP array data. All the presented software is freely available and provided in a ready-to-use docker container. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: From raw intensity data files to CNV calls Basic Protocol 2: From CNV calls to validated CNV carriers. Basic Protocol 3: Quality control and quality assessment Basic Protocol 4: Install the necessary software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Montalbano
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xabier Calle Sánchez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Morteza Vaez
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dorte Helenius
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrés Ingason
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Copenhagen and Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Warren EB, Briano JA, Ellegood J, DeYoung T, Lerch JP, Morrow EM. 17q12 deletion syndrome mouse model shows defects in craniofacial, brain and kidney development, and glucose homeostasis. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049752. [PMID: 36373506 PMCID: PMC10655816 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
17q12 deletion (17q12Del) syndrome is a copy number variant (CNV) disorder associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (RCAD). Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we generated a mouse model of 17q12Del syndrome on both inbred (C57BL/6N) and outbred (CD-1) genetic backgrounds. On C57BL/6N, the 17q12Del mice had severe head development defects, potentially mediated by haploinsufficiency of Lhx1, a gene within the interval that controls head development. Phenotypes included brain malformations, particularly disruption of the telencephalon and craniofacial defects. On the CD-1 background, the 17q12Del mice survived to adulthood and showed milder craniofacial and brain abnormalities. We report postnatal brain defects using automated magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometry. In addition, we demonstrate renal and blood glucose abnormalities relevant to RCAD. On both genetic backgrounds, we found sex-specific presentations, with male 17q12Del mice exhibiting higher penetrance and more severe phenotypes. Results from these experiments pinpoint specific developmental defects and pathways that guide clinical studies and a mechanistic understanding of the human 17q12Del syndrome. This mouse mutant represents the first and only experimental model to date for the 17q12 CNV disorder. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Warren
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Juan A. Briano
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Taylor DeYoung
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5T 3H7, Canada
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eric M. Morrow
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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20
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Integrative Functional Genomic Analysis in Multiplex Autism Families from Kazakhstan. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1509994. [PMID: 36199823 PMCID: PMC9529466 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1509994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The study of extended pedigrees containing autism spectrum disorder- (ASD-) related broader autism phenotypes (BAP) offers a promising approach to the search for ASD candidate variants. Here, a total of 650,000 genetic markers were tested in four Kazakhstani multiplex families with ASD and BAP to obtain data on de novo mutations (DNMs), common, and rare inherited variants that may contribute to the genetic risk for developing autistic traits. The variants were analyzed in the context of gene networks and pathways. Several previously well-described enriched pathways were identified, including ion channel activity, regulation of synaptic function, and membrane depolarization. Perhaps these pathways are crucial not only for the development of ASD but also for ВАР. The results also point to several additional biological pathways (circadian entrainment, NCAM and BTN family interactions, and interaction between L1 and Ankyrins) and hub genes (CFTR, NOD2, PPP2R2B, and TTR). The obtained results suggest that further exploration of PPI networks combining ASD and BAP risk genes can be used to identify novel or overlooked ASD molecular mechanisms.
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21
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Morris E, Inglis A, Austin J. Psychiatric genetic counseling for people with copy number variants associated with psychiatric conditions. Clin Genet 2022; 102:369-378. [PMID: 35996207 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion is one of the most well-known copy number variants (CNVs) associated with developing a psychiatric condition (e.g. schizophrenia), but there is a growing list of other CNVs which also confer substantial risk for developing psychiatric conditions. With increased use of chromosome microarray and exome sequencing, the frequency with which these CNVs are detected is increasing. While individuals with such CNVs often receive genetic counseling, research shows that associated psychiatric conditions are less often addressed - clinicians tend to focus on the non-psychiatric manifestations of the CNV. This represents an important service gap for people with these CNVs and their families, as research shows that genetic counseling about psychiatric illness can produce meaningful positive outcomes for people, including increases in empowerment, and self-efficacy. Therefore, there is a need to ensure that individuals with psychiatric condition-associated CNVs are being counseled about these manifestations of their condition in a way that can promote best outcomes. In this paper we describe the process of providing genetic counseling in two clinical scenarios in which a psychiatric susceptibility CNV is identified: 1) in an individual who has not been diagnosed with a psychiatric condition and 2) in an individual with an established psychiatric condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Morris
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Angela Inglis
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jehannine Austin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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22
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Raznahan A, Won H, Glahn DC, Jacquemont S. Convergence and Divergence of Rare Genetic Disorders on Brain Phenotypes: A Review. JAMA Psychiatry 2022; 79:818-828. [PMID: 35767289 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Rare genetic disorders modulating gene expression-as exemplified by gene dosage disorders (GDDs)-represent a collectively common set of high-risk factors for neuropsychiatric illness. Research on GDDs is rapidly expanding because these variants have high effect sizes and a known genetic basis. Moreover, the prevalence of recurrent GDDs (encompassing aneuploidies and certain copy number variations) enables genetic-first phenotypic characterization of the same GDD across multiple individuals, thereby offering a unique window into genetic influences on the human brain and behavior. However, the rapid growth of GDD research has unveiled perplexing phenotypic convergences and divergences across genomic loci; while phenotypic profiles may be specifically associated with a genomic variant, individual behavioral and neuroimaging traits appear to be nonspecifically influenced by most GDDs. OBSERVATIONS This complexity is addressed by (1) providing an accessible survey of genotype-phenotype mappings across different GDDs, focusing on psychopathology, cognition, and brain anatomy, and (2) detailing both methodological and mechanistic sources for observed phenotypic convergences and divergences. This effort yields methodological recommendations for future comparative phenotypic research on GDDs as well as a set of new testable hypotheses regarding aspects of early brain patterning that might govern the complex mapping of genetic risk onto phenotypic variation in neuropsychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A roadmap is provided to boost accurate measurement and mechanistic interrogation of phenotypic convergence and divergence across multiple GDDs. Pursuing the questions posed by GDDs could substantially improve our taxonomical, neurobiological, and translational understanding of neuropsychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Raznahan
- Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hyejung Won
- Department of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - David C Glahn
- Tommy Fuss Center for Neuropsychiatric Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Sainte Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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23
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Ye Y, Lui VCH, Tam PKH. Pathogenesis of Choledochal Cyst: Insights from Genomics and Transcriptomics. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061030. [PMID: 35741793 PMCID: PMC9223186 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Choledochal cysts (CC) is characterized by extra- and/or intra-hepatic b\ile duct dilations. There are two main theories, “pancreaticobiliary maljunction” and “congenital stenosis of bile ducts” proposed for the pathogenesis of CC. Although family cases or CC associated with other anomalies have been reported, the molecular pathogenesis of CC is still poorly understood. Recent advances in transcriptomics and genomics analysis platforms have unveiled key expression signatures/genes/signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of human diseases including CC. This review summarizes insights from genomics and transcriptomics studies into the pathogenesis of CC, with the aim to improve (i) our understanding of its underlying complex pathomechanisms, and (ii) clinical management of different subtypes of CC, in particular their associated hepatic fibrotic change and their risk of malignancy transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Ye
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China;
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Vincent Chi Hang Lui
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Paul Kwong Hang Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China;
- Correspondence:
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24
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Li DJ, Tsai SJ, Chen TJ, Liang CS, Chen MH. Risks of major mental disorders after parental death in children, adolescents, and young adults and the role of premorbid mental comorbidities: a population-based cohort study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:2393-2400. [PMID: 35869371 PMCID: PMC9307433 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown an association between early parental death and the risk of subsequent major mental disorders (MMDs) among the bereaved children and adolescents; however, it is unclear whether this risk exists in young adults and in individuals with premorbid mental comorbidities. We aimed to explore differences between children, adolescents, and young adults in the risk of MMDs after parental death. We analyzed data from the Taiwan National Health Research Database. The index cohort was offspring (divided into four groups: aged < 6, 6-11, 12-17, and 18-29 years) whose parents had died. The control cohort was demographically matched offspring whose parents were still alive. Cox regression with adjustments for demographics was used to estimate the risk of subsequent MMDs between the index and control cohorts, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depressive disorder. We included 202,837 cases and 2,028,370 matched controls. As with the bereaved children and adolescents, the bereaved young adults had a significantly higher risk of schizophrenia (hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval: 5.63; 5.01-6.33), bipolar disorder (3.37; 2.96-3.84), and depressive disorder (2.78; 2.68-2.90) than the control cohort. The risk of MMDs was similar for maternal death and paternal death. Among premorbid mental comorbidities, bereaved individuals with premorbid substance use disorder were associated with the highest risk of schizophrenia (10.43; 8.57-12.71), bipolar disorder (12.93; 10.59-15.79), and depressive disorder (10.97; 10.22-11.78). Healthcare workers should be aware that young adults and individuals with premorbid mental comorbidities are at a higher risk of subsequent MMDs than those without premorbid mental comorbidities after parental death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Jeng Li
- Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ,Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shihpai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217 Taiwan ,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzeng-Ji Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ,Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan ,Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, 31064 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sung Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, No. 60, Xinmin Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11243, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shihpai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National-Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Numeric Error in Figure 1. JAMA Psychiatry 2022; 79:87. [PMID: 34985525 PMCID: PMC8733834 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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