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Tsuda M, Nonaka K. Recent progress on heterologous protein production in methylotrophic yeast systems. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:200. [PMID: 38730212 PMCID: PMC11087369 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant protein production technology is widely applied to the manufacture of biologics used as drug substances and industrial proteins such as recombinant enzymes and bioactive proteins. Various heterologous protein production systems have been developed using prokaryotic and eukaryotic hosts. Especially methylotrophic yeast in eukaryotic hosts is suggested to be particularly valuable because such systems have the following advantages: protein secretion into culture broth, eukaryotic quality control systems, a post-translational modification system, rapid growth, and established recombinant DNA tools and technologies such as strong promoters, effective selection markers, and gene knock-in and -out systems. Many methylotrophic yeasts such as the genera Candida, Ogataea, and Komagataella have been studied since methylotrophic yeast was first isolated in 1969. The methanol-consumption-related genes in methylotrophic yeast are strongly and strictly regulated under methanol-containing conditions. The well-regulated gene expression systems under the methanol-inducible gene promoter lead to the potential application of heterologous protein production in methylotrophic yeast. In this review, we describe the recent progress of heterologous protein production technology in methylotrophic yeast and introduce Ogataea minuta as an alternative production host as a substitute for K. phaffii and O. polymorpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tsuda
- Biologics Technology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 2716-1 Kurakake, Akaiwa, Chiyoda, Gunma, 370-0503, Japan.
| | - Koichi Nonaka
- Biologics Technology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 2716-1 Kurakake, Akaiwa, Chiyoda, Gunma, 370-0503, Japan
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Goj D, Ebner S, Horvat M, Arhar S, Martínková L, Winkler M. Cell-free reduction of carboxylic acids with secreted carboxylic acid reductase. J Biotechnol 2024; 382:44-50. [PMID: 38266924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium marinum CAR (MmCAR) is one of the most widely used CARs as the key enzyme for the synthesis of aldehydes, alcohols and further products from the respective carboxylic acids. Herein, we describe the first functionally secreted 131 kDa CAR and its isolated A-domain using Komagataella phaffii and a methanol-free constitutive expression strategy. Precipitated and lyophilized MmCAR (500 µg) was isolated from the culture supernatant and showed no decrease in activity for piperonylic acid (80% conversion), even when stored for up to 3 weeks at 4°C. Lyophilized MmCAR precipitate gave 48% yield of E/Z-nonanal-4-nitrobenzoyloxime from the reduction of nonanoic acid and in-situ derivatization with O-4-nitrobenzoyl-hydroxylamine. Furthermore, K. phaffii could successfully secrete the MmCAR adenylation domain. Its activity was confirmed by the amidation of benzoic acid with n-hexylamine. Neither enzyme variant was glycosylated by the yeast. In summary, functional CAR can be secreted by K. phaffii and used for cell free conversion of carboxylic acids to various products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Goj
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria
| | - Stella Ebner
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria
| | - Melissa Horvat
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Arhar
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz, Austria
| | - Ludmila Martínková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague CZ-14200, Czech Republic
| | - Margit Winkler
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 14, Graz, Austria; Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, Graz, Austria.
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Salehi Abar E, Vandghanooni S, Torab A, Jaymand M, Eskandani M. A comprehensive review on nanocomposite biomaterials based on gelatin for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127556. [PMID: 37884249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The creation of a suitable scaffold is a crucial step in the process of bone tissue engineering (BTE). The scaffold, acting as an artificial extracellular matrix, plays a significant role in determining the fate of cells by affecting their proliferation and differentiation in BTE. Therefore, careful consideration should be given to the fabrication approach and materials used for scaffold preparation. Natural polypeptides such as gelatin and collagen have been widely used for this purpose. The unique properties of nanoparticles, which vary depending on their size, charge, and physicochemical properties, have demonstrated potential in solving various challenges encountered in BTE. Therefore, nanocomposite biomaterials consisting of polymers and nanoparticles have been extensively used for BTE. Gelatin has also been utilized in combination with other nanomaterials to apply for this purpose. Composites of gelatin with various types of nanoparticles are particularly promising for creating scaffolds with superior biological and physicochemical properties. This review explores the use of nanocomposite biomaterials based on gelatin and various types of nanoparticles together for applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Salehi Abar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Vandghanooni
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Torab
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Morteza Eskandani
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Clarke EC. Considerations for Glycoprotein Production. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2762:329-351. [PMID: 38315375 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3666-4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This chapter is intended to provide insights for researchers aiming to choose an appropriate expression system for the production of recombinant glycoproteins. Producing glycoproteins is complex, as glycosylation patterns are determined by the availability and abundance of specific enzymes rather than a direct genetic blueprint. Furthermore, the cell systems often employed for protein production are evolutionarily distinct, leading to significantly different glycosylation when utilized for glycoprotein production. The selection of an appropriate production system depends on the intended applications and desired characteristics of the protein. Whether the goal is to produce glycoproteins mimicking native conditions or to intentionally alter glycan structures for specific purposes, such as enhancing immunogenicity in vaccines, understanding glycosylation present in the different systems and in different growth conditions is essential. This chapter will cover Escherichia coli, baculovirus/insect cell systems, Pichia pastoris, as well as different mammalian cell culture systems including Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human endothelial kidney (HEK) cell lines, and baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Clarke
- Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Flores-Villegas M, Rebnegger C, Kowarz V, Prielhofer R, Mattanovich D, Gasser B. Systematic sequence engineering enhances the induction strength of the glucose-regulated GTH1 promoter of Komagataella phaffii. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11358-11374. [PMID: 37791854 PMCID: PMC10639056 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The promoter of the high-affinity glucose transporter Gth1 (PGTH1) is tightly repressed on glucose and glycerol surplus, and strongly induced in glucose-limitation, thus enabling regulated methanol-free production processes in the yeast production host Komagataella phaffii. To further improve this promoter, an intertwined approach of nucleotide diversification through random and rational engineering was pursued. Random mutagenesis and fluorescence activated cell sorting of PGTH1 yielded five variants with enhanced induction strength. Reverse engineering of individual point mutations found in the improved variants identified two single point mutations with synergistic action. Sequential deletions revealed the key promoter segments for induction and repression properties, respectively. Combination of the single point mutations and the amplification of key promoter segments led to a library of novel promoter variants with up to 3-fold higher activity. Unexpectedly, the effect of gaining or losing a certain transcription factor binding site (TFBS) was highly dependent on its context within the promoter. Finally, the applicability of the novel promoter variants for biotechnological production was proven for the secretion of different recombinant model proteins in fed batch cultivation, where they clearly outperformed their ancestors. In addition to advancing the toolbox for recombinant protein production and metabolic engineering of K. phaffii, we discovered single nucleotide positions and correspondingly affected TFBS that distinguish between glycerol- and glucose-mediated repression of the native promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle Flores-Villegas
- CD-Laboratory for Growth-decoupled Protein Production in Yeast at Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Corinna Rebnegger
- CD-Laboratory for Growth-decoupled Protein Production in Yeast at Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- ACIB GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Kowarz
- CD-Laboratory for Growth-decoupled Protein Production in Yeast at Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Prielhofer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Diethard Mattanovich
- CD-Laboratory for Growth-decoupled Protein Production in Yeast at Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- ACIB GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- CD-Laboratory for Growth-decoupled Protein Production in Yeast at Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- ACIB GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Zhao Z, Deng J, Fan D. Green biomanufacturing in recombinant collagen biosynthesis: trends and selection in various expression systems. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5439-5461. [PMID: 37401335 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00724c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Collagen, classically derived from animal tissue, is an all-important protein material widely used in biomedical materials, cosmetics, fodder, food, etc. The production of recombinant collagen through different biological expression systems using bioengineering techniques has attracted significant interest in consideration of increasing market demand and the process complexity of extraction. Green biomanufacturing of recombinant collagen has become one of the focus topics. While the bioproduction of recombinant collagens (type I, II, III, etc.) has been commercialized in recent years, the biosynthesis of recombinant collagen is extremely challenging due to protein immunogenicity, yield, degradation, and other issues. The rapid development of synthetic biology allows us to perform a heterologous expression of proteins in diverse expression systems, thus optimizing the production and bioactivities of recombinant collagen. This review describes the research progress in the bioproduction of recombinant collagen over the past two decades, focusing on different expression systems (prokaryotic organisms, yeasts, plants, insects, mammalian and human cells, etc.). We also discuss the challenges and future trends in developing market-competitive recombinant collagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
- Biotech. & Biomed. Research Institute, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
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Wegat V, Fabarius JT, Sieber V. Synthetic methylotrophic yeasts for the sustainable fuel and chemical production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:113. [PMID: 36273178 PMCID: PMC9587593 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Global energy-related emissions, in particular carbon dioxide, are rapidly increasing. Without immediate and strong reductions across all sectors, limiting global warming to 1.5 °C and thus mitigating climate change is beyond reach. In addition to the expansion of renewable energies and the increase in energy efficiency, the so-called Carbon Capture and Utilization technologies represent an innovative approach for closing the carbon cycle and establishing a circular economy. One option is to combine CO2 capture with microbial C1 fermentation. C1-molecules, such as methanol or formate are considered as attractive alternative feedstock for biotechnological processes due to their sustainable production using only CO2, water and renewable energy. Native methylotrophic microorganisms can utilize these feedstock for the production of value-added compounds. Currently, constraints exist regarding the understanding of methylotrophic metabolism and the available genetic engineering tools are limited. For this reason, the development of synthetic methylotrophic cell factories based on the integration of natural or artificial methanol assimilation pathways in biotechnologically relevant microorganisms is receiving special attention. Yeasts like Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica are capable of producing important products from sugar-based feedstock and the switch to produce these in the future from methanol is important in order to realize a CO2-based economy that is independent from land use. Here, we review historical biotechnological applications, the metabolism and the characteristics of methylotrophic yeasts. Various studies demonstrated the production of a broad set of promising products from fine chemicals to bulk chemicals by applying methylotrophic yeasts. Regarding synthetic methylotrophy, the deep understanding of the methylotrophic metabolism serves as the basis for microbial strain engineering and paves the way towards a CO2-based circular bioeconomy. We highlight design aspects of synthetic methylotrophy and discuss the resulting chances and challenges using non-conventional yeasts as host organisms. We conclude that the road towards synthetic methylotrophic yeasts can only be achieved through a combination of methods (e.g., metabolic engineering and adaptive laboratory evolution). Furthermore, we presume that the installation of metabolic regeneration cycles such as supporting carbon re-entry towards the pentose phosphate pathway from C1-metabolism is a pivotal target for synthetic methylotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wegat
- grid.469831.10000 0000 9186 607XFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Straubing branch Biocat, Schulgasse 11a, 94315 Straubing, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Jonathan T. Fabarius
- grid.469831.10000 0000 9186 607XFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Straubing branch Biocat, Schulgasse 11a, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- grid.469831.10000 0000 9186 607XFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Straubing branch Biocat, Schulgasse 11a, 94315 Straubing, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
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Fina A, Heux S, Albiol J, Ferrer P. Combining Metabolic Engineering and Multiplexed Screening Methods for 3-Hydroxyprionic Acid Production in Pichia pastoris. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:942304. [PMID: 35935509 PMCID: PMC9354023 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.942304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) in Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) via the malonyl-CoA pathway has been recently demonstrated using glycerol as a carbon source, but the reported metrics were not commercially relevant. The flux through the heterologous pathway from malonyl-CoA to 3-HP was hypothesized as the main bottleneck. In the present study, different metabolic engineering approaches have been combined to improve the productivity of the original 3-HP producing strains. To do so, an additional copy of the gene encoding for the potential rate-limiting step of the pathway, i.e., the C-terminal domain of the malonyl-CoA reductase, was introduced. In addition, a variant of the endogenous acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1S1132A) was overexpressed with the aim to increase the delivery of malonyl-CoA. Furthermore, the genes encoding for the pyruvate decarboxylase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthase, respectively, were overexpressed to enhance conversion of pyruvate into cytosolic acetyl-CoA, and the main gene responsible for the production of the by-product D-arabitol was deleted. Three different screening conditions were used to classify the performance of the different strains: 24-deep-well plates batch cultures, small-scale cultures in falcon tubes using FeedBeads® (i.e., slow release of glycerol over time), and mini bioreactor batch cultures. The best two strains from the FeedBeads® screening, PpHP8 and PpHP18, were tested in bioreactor fed-batch cultures using a pre-fixed exponentially increasing feeding rate. The strain PpHP18 produced up to 37.05 g L−1 of 3-HP at 0.712 g L−1 h−1 with a final product yield on glycerol of 0.194 Cmol−1 in fed-batch cultures. Remarkably, PpHP18 did not rank among the 2-top producer strains in small scale batch cultivations in deep-well plates and mini bioreactors, highlighting the importance of multiplexed screening conditions for adequate assessment of metabolic engineering strategies. These results represent a 50% increase in the product yield and final concentration, as well as over 30% increase in volumetric productivity compared to the previously obtained metrics for P. pastoris. Overall, the combination of glycerol as carbon source and a metabolically engineered P. pastoris strain resulted in the highest 3-HP concentration and productivity reported so far in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Fina
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Stephanie Heux
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Pau Ferrer,
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Gao J, Ye C, Cheng J, Jiang L, Yuan X, Lian J. Enhancing Homologous Recombination Efficiency in Pichia pastoris for Multiplex Genome Integration Using Short Homology Arms. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:547-553. [PMID: 35061355 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in establishing the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris as microbial cell factories for producing fuels, chemicals, and natural products, particularly with methanol as the feedstock. Although CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) based genome editing technology has been established for the integration of multigene biosynthetic pathways, long (500-1000 bp) homology arms are generally required, probably due to low homologous recombination (HR) efficiency in P. pastoris. To achieve efficient genome integration of heterologous genes with short homology arms, we aimed to enhance HR efficiency by introducing the recombination machinery from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. First, we overexpressed HR related genes, including RAD52, RAD59, MRE11, and SAE2, and evaluated their effects on genome integration efficiency. Then, we constructed HR efficiency enhanced P. pastoris, which enabled single-, two-, and three-loci integration of heterologous gene expression cassettes with ∼40 bp homology arms with efficiencies as high as 100%, ∼98%, and ∼81%, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated the construction of β-carotene producing strain and the optimization of betaxanthin producing strain in a single step. The HR efficiency enhanced P. pastoris strains can be used for the construction of robust cell factories, and our machinery engineering strategy can be employed for the modification of other nonconventional yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cuifang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jintao Cheng
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xinghao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiazhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Coetzee G, Smith JJ, Görgens JF. Influence of codon optimization, promoter, and strain selection on the heterologous production of a β-fructofuranosidase from Aspergillus fijiensis ATCC 20611 in Pichia pastoris. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:339-350. [PMID: 35133569 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are compounds possessing various health properties and are added to functional foods as prebiotics. The commercial production of FOS is done through the enzymatic transfructolysation of sucrose by β-fructofuranosidases which is found in various organisms of which Aureobasidium pullulans and Aspergillus niger are the most well known. This study overexpressed two differently codon-optimized variations of the Aspergillus fijiensis β-fructofuranosidase-encoding gene (fopA) under the transcriptional control of either the alcohol oxidase (AOX1) or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP) promoters. When cultivated in shake flasks, the two codon-optimized variants displayed similar volumetric enzyme activities when expressed under control of the same promoter with the GAP strains producing 11.7 U/ml and 12.7 U/ml, respectively, and the AOX1 strains 95.8 U/ml and 98.6 U/ml, respectively. However, the highest production levels were achieved for both codon-optimized genes when expressed under control of the AOX1 promoter. The AOX1 promoter was superior to the GAP promoter in bioreactor cultivations for both codon-optimized genes with 13,702 U/ml and 2718 U/ml for the AOX1 promoter for ATUM and GeneArt®, respectively, and 6057 U/ml and 1790 U/ml for the GAP promoter for ATUM and GeneArt®, respectively. The ATUM-optimized gene produced higher enzyme activities when compared to the one from GeneArt®, under the control of both promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhardt Coetzee
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Jacques J Smith
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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Rinnofner C, Felber M, Pichler H. Strains and Molecular Tools for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2513:79-112. [PMID: 35781201 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2399-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within the last two decades, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) has become an important alternative to E. coli or mammalian cell lines for the production of recombinant proteins. Easy handling, strong promoters, and high cell density cultivations as well as the capability of posttranslational modifications are some of the major benefits of this yeast. The high secretion capacity and low level of endogenously secreted proteins further promoted the rapid development of a versatile Pichia pastoris toolbox. This chapter reviews common and new "Pichia tools" and their specific features. Special focus is given to expression strains, such as different methanol utilization, protease-deficient or glycoengineered strains, combined with application highlights. Different promoters and signal sequences are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rinnofner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria.
- Bisy GmbH, Hofstaetten/Raab, Austria.
| | - Michael Felber
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
The availability of exceptionally strong and tightly regulated promoters is a key feature of Komagataella phaffii (syn. Pichia pastoris), a widely applied yeast expression system for heterologous protein production. Most commonly, the methanol-inducible promoter of the alcohol oxidase 1 gene (PAOX1) and the constitutive promoter of the glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase gene (PGAP) have been used. Recently, also promising novel constitutive (PGCW14), regulated (PGTH1, PCAT1), and bidirectional promoters (histone promoters and synthetic hybrid variants) have been reported.As natural promoters showed so far limited tunability of expression levels and regulatory profiles, various promoter engineering efforts have been undertaken for P. pastoris . PAOX1, PDAS2, PGAP, and PGCW14 have been engineered by systematic deletion studies or random mutagenesis of upstream regulatory sequences. New engineering strategies have focused on PAOX1 core promoter modifications by random or rational approaches and transcriptional regulatory circuits to render PAOX1 independent of methanol induction. These promoter engineering efforts in P. pastoris have resulted in improved, sequence-diversified synthetic promoter variants allowing coordinated fine-tuning of gene expression for a multitude of biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vogl
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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13
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Modifications in the Kex2 P1' cleavage site in the α-MAT secretion signal lead to higher production of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in Pichia pastoris. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:197. [PMID: 34654975 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is one of the hematopoietic growth factors administered for chemotherapy induced neutropenia and is currently produced through recombinant route in Escherichia coli. The methylotrophic unicellular yeast Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) makes a good host for production of human therapeutics as the proteins are low-mannose glycosylated, disulfide bonded and correctly folded on their way to the cell exterior. Given the low level of production of G-CSF in P. pastoris, the present study examined modification of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae derived α-mating type secretory signal sequence to enhance its production. The substitution of Glu, at the P1' position of the Kex2 cleavage site, by Val/Ala led to extracellular production of ~ 60 mg/L of G-CSF in the extracellular medium. Production was further increased to ~ 100 mg/L by putting these mutations against rarely occurring methanol slow utilization P. pastoris X-33 host. Analysis of the modelled structure of the signal peptide indicated exposed loop structures, created by presence of Val/Ala, that favour cleavage by the Kex2 peptidase thereby leading to enhanced production of G-CSF. The conformational changes, induced on account of binding between the signal sequence and the cargo protein (G-CSF), also appear to play an important role in the final yield of the extracellular protein.
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14
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Patil VA, Masters KS. Engineered Collagen Matrices. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E163. [PMID: 33339157 PMCID: PMC7765577 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals, accounting for approximately one-third of the total protein in the human body. Thus, it is a logical choice for the creation of biomimetic environments, and there is a long history of using collagen matrices for various tissue engineering applications. However, from a biomaterial perspective, the use of collagen-only scaffolds is associated with many challenges. Namely, the mechanical properties of collagen matrices can be difficult to tune across a wide range of values, and collagen itself is not highly amenable to direct chemical modification without affecting its architecture or bioactivity. Thus, many approaches have been pursued to design scaffold environments that display critical features of collagen but enable improved tunability of physical and biological characteristics. This paper provides a brief overview of approaches that have been employed to create such engineered collagen matrices. Specifically, these approaches include blending of collagen with other natural or synthetic polymers, chemical modifications of denatured collagen, de novo creation of collagen-mimetic chains, and reductionist methods to incorporate collagen moieties into other materials. These advancements in the creation of tunable, engineered collagen matrices will continue to enable the interrogation of novel and increasingly complex biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristyn S. Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
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15
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Liu W, Xiang H, Zhang T, Pang X, Su J, Liu H, Ma B, Yu L. Development of a New High-Cell Density Fermentation Strategy for Enhanced Production of a Fungus β-Glucosidase in Pichia pastoris. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1988. [PMID: 32973717 PMCID: PMC7472535 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional diosgenin manufacturing process has led to serious environmental contamination and wastewater. Clean processes are needed that can alternate the diosgenin production. The β-glucosidase FBG1, cloned from Fusarium sp. CPCC 400709, can biotransform trillin and produce diosgenin. In this study, Pichia pastoris production of recombinant FBG1 was implemented to investigate various conventional methanol induction strategies, mainly including DO-stat (constant induction DO), μ-stat (constant exponential feeding rate) and m-stat (constant methanol concentration). The new co-stat strategy combining μ-stat and m-stat strategies was then developed for enhanced FBG1 production during fed-batch high-cell density fermentation on methanol. The fermentation process was characterized with respect to cell growth, methanol consumption, FBG1 production and methanol metabolism. It was found that large amounts of formaldehyde were released by the enhanced dissimilation pathway when the co-stat strategy was implemented, and therefore the energy generation was enhanced because of improved methanol metabolism. Using co-stat feeding, the highest volumetric activity reached ∼89 × 104 U/L, with the maximum specific activity of ∼90 × 102 U/g. After 108 h induction, the highest volumetric production reached ∼403 mg/L, which was ∼91, 154, and 183 mg/L higher than the maximal production obtained at m-stat, μ-stat, and DO-stat strategies, respectively. FBG1 is the first P. pastoris produced recombinant enzyme for diosgenin production through the biotransformation of trillin. Moreover, this newly developed co-stat induction strategy represents the highest expression of FBG1 in P. pastoris, and the strategy can be used to produce FBG1 from similar Pichia strains harboring Fbg1 gene, which lays solid foundation for clean and sustainable production of diosgenin. The current work provides unique information on cell growth, substrate metabolism and protein biosynthesis for enhanced β-glucosidase production using a P. pastoris strain under controlled fermentation conditions. This information may be applicable for expression of similar proteins from P. pastoris strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Xiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Pang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Su
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyan Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Velez‐Suberbie ML, Morris SA, Kaur K, Hickey JM, Joshi SB, Volkin DB, Bracewell DG, Mukhopadhyay TK. Holistic process development to mitigate proteolysis of a subunit rotavirus vaccine candidate produced in Pichia pastoris by means of an acid pH pulse during fed-batch fermentation. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2966. [PMID: 31960616 PMCID: PMC7317458 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To meet the challenges of global health, vaccine design and development must be reconsidered to achieve cost of goods as low as 15¢ per dose. A new recombinant protein-based rotavirus vaccine candidate derived from non-replicative viral subunits fused to a P2 tetanus toxoid CD4(+) T cell epitope is currently under clinical development. We have sought to simplify the existing manufacturing process to meet these aims. To this end, we have taken a holistic process development approach to reduce process complexity and costs while producing a product with the required characteristics. We have changed expression system from Escherichia coli to Pichia pastoris, to produce a secreted product, thereby reducing the number of purification steps. However, the presence of proteases poses challenges to product quality. To understand the effect of fermentation parameters on product quality small-scale fermentations were carried out. Media pH and fermentation duration had the greatest impact on the proportion of full-length product. A novel acidic pH pulse strategy was used to minimize proteolysis, and this combined with an early harvest time significantly increased the proportion of full-length material (60-75%). An improved downstream process using a combination of CIEX and AIEX to further reduce proteases, resulted in maintaining product quality (95% yield).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen A. Morris
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation CenterUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansas
| | - John M. Hickey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation CenterUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansas
| | - Sangeeta B. Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation CenterUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansas
| | - David B. Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation CenterUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansas
| | - Daniel G. Bracewell
- Department of Biochemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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17
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Duman ZE, Duraksoy BB, Aktaş F, Woodley JM, Binay B. High-level heterologous expression of active Chaetomium thermophilum FDH in Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 137:109552. [PMID: 32423672 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the use of formate dehydrogenase (FDH, EC 1.17.1.9) is well established as a means of NADH regeneration from NAD+ via the coupled conversion of formate into carbon dioxide. Recent studies have been reported that specifically Chaetomium thermophilum FDH (CtFDH) is the most efficient FDH catalyzing this reaction in reverse (i.e. using CO2 as a substrate to produce formate, and thereby regenerating NAD+). However, to date the production of active CtFDH at high protein expression levels has received relatively little attention. In this study, we have tested the effect of batch and high cell density fermentation (HCDF) strategies in a small stirred fermenter, as well as the effect of supplementing the medium with casamino acids, on the expressed level of secreted CtFDH using P. pastoris. We have established that the amount of expressed CtFDH was indeed enhanced via a HCDF strategy and that extracellular protease activity was eliminated via the addition of casamino acids into the fermentation medium. On this basis, secreted CtFDH in an active form can be easily separated from the fermentation and can be used for subsequent biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Efsun Duman
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey; Enzyme Consultancy and Identification Center (ETDAM), Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Bedri Burak Duraksoy
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey; Enzyme Consultancy and Identification Center (ETDAM), Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatih Aktaş
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Düzce University, 81620, Düzce, Turkey
| | - John M Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Barış Binay
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey; Enzyme Consultancy and Identification Center (ETDAM), Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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18
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Liu W, Zhou F, Xia D, Shiloach J. Expression of multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein in Pichia pastoris affects the host's methanol metabolism. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:1226-1236. [PMID: 31131547 PMCID: PMC6801151 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pichia pastoris KM71H (MutS ) is an efficient producer of hard-to-express proteins such as the membrane protein P-glycoprotein (Pgp), an ATP-powered efflux pump which is expressed properly, but at very low concentration, using the conventional induction strategy. Evaluation of different induction strategies indicated that it was possible to increase Pgp expression by inducing the culture with 20% media containing 2.5% methanol. By quantifying methanol, formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and formate, and by measuring alcohol oxidase, catalase, formaldehyde dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases, it was possible to correlate Pgp expression to the induction strategy. Inducing the culture by adding methanol with fresh media was associated with decreases in formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide, and increases in formaldehyde dehydrogenase, formate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases. At these conditions, Pgp expression was 1400-fold higher, an indication that Pgp expression is affected by increases in formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. It is possible that Pgp is responsible for this behaviour, since the increased metabolite concentrations and decreased enzymatic activities were not observed when parental Pichia was subjected to the same growth conditions. This report adds information on methanol metabolism during expression of Pgp from P. pastoris MutS strain and suggests an expression procedure for hard-to-express proteins from P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐cang Liu
- Biotechnology Core LaboratoryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Fei Zhou
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer Research (CCR)National Cancer Institute (NCI)National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Di Xia
- Laboratory of Cell BiologyCenter for Cancer Research (CCR)National Cancer Institute (NCI)National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Joseph Shiloach
- Biotechnology Core LaboratoryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMD20892USA
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19
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Naseem MU, Ahmed N, Khan MA, Tahir S, Zafar AU. Production of potent long-lasting consensus interferon using albumin fusion technology in Pichia pastoris expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 166:105509. [PMID: 31604114 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Consensus interferon (cIFN) is a wholly synthetic therapeutic protein which is used to treat hepatitis C/B and certain types of malignancies. It has short serum half-life, therefore, to maintain its therapeutic level in the human body it requires thrice-weekly administration. Various strategies like PEGylation and micro-encapsulation have been developed during the last few years to enhance the pharmacokinetics of small therapeutic peptides. This study executed the human albumin-fusion technology, a simple and flexible approach to extend the serum circulating half-life of cIFN, because human serum albumin (HSA) has long circulating half-life (19 days) and very minute immunological activities. We integrated the codon-optimized HSA-cIFN fusion gene into Pichia pastoris genome by homologous recombination. The selection of hyper-resistant P. pastoris clone against Zeocin™ achieved a high-level secretory expression (250 mg/L) of fusion protein. HSA-cIFN fusion protein was purified using one-step purification by affinity chromatography with 34% recovery. The SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC analysis confirmed the final purified product has molecular weight of 87 kDa with 98% purity. Western blot analysis using anti-IFN antibodies further verified the purified HSA-cIFN fusion protein. The specific biological activity was 2.1 × 106 IU/mg as assessed by cytopathic inhibition assay, and half-life of fusion protein was estimated by in vitro thermal and proteolytic stability studies. This work concludes that by using albumin fusion technology, codon optimization and one-step purification a high yield of 86 mg/L of biologically active protein with improved serum half-life was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Naseem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan; Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1. Debrecen 4032, Hungary.
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Saad Tahir
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Usman Zafar
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (NCEMB), University of the Punjab, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niazbaig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
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20
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Gellermann P, Schneider-Barthold C, Bolten SN, Overfelt E, Scheper T, Pepelanova I. Production of a Recombinant Non-Hydroxylated Gelatin Mimetic in Pichia pastoris for Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:E39. [PMID: 31480684 PMCID: PMC6787575 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins derived from the natural extracellular matrix like collagen or gelatin are common in clinical research, where they are prized for their biocompatibility and bioactivity. Cells are able to adhere, grow and remodel scaffolds based on these materials. Usually, collagen and gelatin are sourced from animal material, risking pathogenic transmission and inconsistent batch-to-batch product quality. A recombinant production in yeast circumvents these disadvantages by ensuring production with a reproducible quality in animal-component-free media. A gelatin mimetic protein, based on the alpha chain of human collagen I, was cloned in Pichia pastoris under the control of the methanol-inducible alcohol oxidase (AOX1) promoter. A producing clone was selected and cultivated at the 30 L scale. The protein was secreted into the cultivation medium and the final yield was 3.4 g·L-1. Purification of the target was performed directly from the cell-free medium by size exclusion chromatography. The gelatin mimetic protein was tested in cell culture for biocompatibility and for promoting cell adhesion. It supported cell growth and its performance was indistinguishable from animal-derived gelatin. The gelatin-mimetic protein represents a swift strategy to produce recombinant and human-based extracellular matrix proteins for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Gellermann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Svenja Nicolin Bolten
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ethan Overfelt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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21
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Werten MWT, Eggink G, Cohen Stuart MA, de Wolf FA. Production of protein-based polymers in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:642-666. [PMID: 30902728 PMCID: PMC6624476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Materials science and genetic engineering have joined forces over the last three decades in the development of so-called protein-based polymers. These are proteins, typically with repetitive amino acid sequences, that have such physical properties that they can be used as functional materials. Well-known natural examples are collagen, silk, and elastin, but also artificial sequences have been devised. These proteins can be produced in a suitable host via recombinant DNA technology, and it is this inherent control over monomer sequence and molecular size that renders this class of polymers of particular interest to the fields of nanomaterials and biomedical research. Traditionally, Escherichia coli has been the main workhorse for the production of these polymers, but the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is finding increased use in view of the often high yields and potential bioprocessing benefits. We here provide an overview of protein-based polymers produced in P. pastoris. We summarize their physicochemical properties, briefly note possible applications, and detail their biosynthesis. Some challenges that may be faced when using P. pastoris for polymer production are identified: (i) low yields and poor process control in shake flask cultures; i.e., the need for bioreactors, (ii) proteolytic degradation, and (iii) self-assembly in vivo. Strategies to overcome these challenges are discussed, which we anticipate will be of interest also to readers involved in protein expression in P. pastoris in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit Eggink
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands; Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A Cohen Stuart
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhang J, Zhao Y, Li M, Liu T. Optimization of defined medium for recombinant Komagataella phaffii expressing cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2867. [PMID: 31187591 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is an important enzyme for cyclodextrin (CD) production, and is also widely used in the biotechnology, food, and pharmaceuticals industries. Secretory CGTase production by recombinant Komagataella phaffii using defined medium is a promising approach because of low cost, less impurity protein. It was found that no CGTase was expressed using traditional defined medium (basal salt medium [BSM]) because of pH value decreasing significantly. CGTase was expressed by recombinant K. phaffii through pH maintenance in range of 5.5-7.0. β-CGTase activity increased to 122.0 U/mL after optimization of glycerol, phosphate buffer, pH value, ammonium sulfate, temperature, methanol, and additives based on BSM, establishing a modified defined medium. These results showed that it was necessary to establish recombinant K. phaffii-based special defined medium although the same host cell used for different heterologous protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengla Li
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiyu Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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23
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Green CA, Kamble NS, Court EK, Bryant OJ, Hicks MG, Lennon C, Fraser GM, Wright PC, Stafford GP. Engineering the flagellar type III secretion system: improving capacity for secretion of recombinant protein. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:10. [PMID: 30657054 PMCID: PMC6337784 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many valuable biopharmaceutical and biotechnological proteins have been produced in Escherichia coli, however these proteins are almost exclusively localised in the cytoplasm or periplasm. This presents challenges for purification, i.e. the removal of contaminating cellular constituents. One solution is secretion directly into the surrounding media, which we achieved via the 'hijack' of the flagellar type III secretion system (FT3SS). Ordinarily flagellar subunits are exported through the centre of the growing flagellum, before assembly at the tip. However, we exploit the fact that in the absence of certain flagellar components (e.g. cap proteins), monomeric flagellar proteins are secreted into the supernatant. RESULTS We report the creation and iterative improvement of an E. coli strain, by means of a modified FT3SS and a modular plasmid system, for secretion of exemplar proteins. We show that removal of the flagellin and HAP proteins (FliC and FlgKL) resulted in an optimal prototype. We next developed a high-throughput enzymatic secretion assay based on cutinase. This indicated that removal of the flagellar motor proteins, motAB (to reduce metabolic burden) and protein degradation machinery, clpX (to boost FT3SS levels intracellularly), result in high capacity secretion. We also show that a secretion construct comprising the 5'UTR and first 47 amino acidsof FliC from E. coli (but no 3'UTR) achieved the highest levels of secretion. Upon combination, we show a 24-fold improvement in secretion of a heterologous (cutinase) enzyme over the original strain. This improved strain could export a range of pharmaceutically relevant heterologous proteins [hGH, TrxA, ScFv (CH2)], achieving secreted yields of up to 0.29 mg L-1, in low cell density culture. CONCLUSIONS We have engineered an E. coli which secretes a range of recombinant proteins, through the FT3SS, to the extracellular media. With further developments, including cell culture process strategies, we envision further improvement to the secreted titre of recombinant protein, with the potential application for protein production for biotechnological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Green
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.,Sustainable Process Technologies, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nitin S Kamble
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Elizabeth K Court
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Owain J Bryant
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Matthew G Hicks
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Christopher Lennon
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, Belasis Avenue, Stockton-on-Tees, Billingham, TS23 1LH, UK
| | - Gillian M Fraser
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Phillip C Wright
- School of Engineering, The Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Graham P Stafford
- Integrated BioSciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
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24
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Mi Y, Gao Y, Fan D, Duan Z, Fu R, Liang L, Xue W, Wang S. Stability improvement of human collagen α1(I) chain using insulin as a fusion partner. Chin J Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris GS115 for enhanced pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux toward recombinant human interferon gamma (hIFN-γ) production. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:961-972. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Abstract
Pichia pastoris has been one of the most successful heterologous overexpression systems in generating proteins for large-scale production through high-cell-density fermentation. However, optimizing conditions of the large-scale high-cell-density fermentation for biochemistry and industrialization is usually a laborious and time-consuming process. Furthermore, it is often difficult to produce authentic proteins in large quantities, which is a major obstacle for functional and structural features analysis and industrial application. For these reasons, we have developed a protocol for efficient demonstration-scale high-cell-density fermentation of P. pastoris, which employs a new methanol-feeding strategy-biomass-stat strategy and a strategy of increased air pressure instead of pure oxygen supplement. The protocol included three typical stages of glycerol batch fermentation (initial culture phase), glycerol fed-batch fermentation (biomass accumulation phase), and methanol fed-batch fermentation (induction phase), which allows direct online-monitoring of fermentation conditions, including broth pH, temperature, DO, anti-foam generation, and feeding of glycerol and methanol. Using this protocol, production of the recombinant β-xylosidase of Lentinula edodes origin in 1000-L scale fermentation can be up to ~900 mg/L or 9.4 mg/g cells (dry cell weight, intracellular expression), with the specific production rate and average specific production of 0.1 mg/g/h and 0.081 mg/g/h, respectively. The methodology described in this protocol can be easily transferred to other systems, and eligible to scale up for a large number of proteins used in either the scientific studies or commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Cang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
- Biotechnology Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Abstract
One of the greatest sources of metabolic and enzymatic diversity are microorganisms. In recent years, emerging recombinant DNA and genomic techniques have facilitated the development of new efficient expression systems, modification of biosynthetic pathways leading to new metabolites by metabolic engineering, and enhancement of catalytic properties of enzymes by directed evolution. Complete sequencing of industrially important microbial genomes is taking place very rapidly, and there are already hundreds of genomes sequenced. Functional genomics and proteomics are major tools used in the search for new molecules and development of higher-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CDMX, México
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28
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Matthews CB, Wright C, Kuo A, Colant N, Westoby M, Love JC. Reexamining opportunities for therapeutic protein production in eukaryotic microorganisms. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:2432-2444. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B. Matthews
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | | | - Angel Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | - Noelle Colant
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts
| | | | - J. Christopher Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts
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29
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Lopes H, Rocha I. Genome-scale modeling of yeast: chronology, applications and critical perspectives. FEMS Yeast Res 2017; 17:3950252. [PMID: 28899034 PMCID: PMC5812505 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last 15 years, several genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) were developed for different yeast species, aiding both the elucidation of new biological processes and the shift toward a bio-based economy, through the design of in silico inspired cell factories. Here, an historical perspective of the GSMMs built over time for several yeast species is presented and the main inheritance patterns among the metabolic reconstructions are highlighted. We additionally provide a critical perspective on the overall genome-scale modeling procedure, underlining incomplete model validation and evaluation approaches and the quest for the integration of regulatory and kinetic information into yeast GSMMs. A summary of experimentally validated model-based metabolic engineering applications of yeast species is further emphasized, while the main challenges and future perspectives for the field are finally addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Lopes
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Isabel Rocha
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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30
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Shang T, Si D, Zhang D, Liu X, Zhao L, Hu C, Fu Y, Zhang R. Enhancement of thermoalkaliphilic xylanase production by Pichia pastoris through novel fed-batch strategy in high cell-density fermentation. BMC Biotechnol 2017. [PMID: 28633643 PMCID: PMC5479016 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xylanase degrades xylan into monomers of various sizes by catalyzing the endohydrolysis of the 1,4-β-D-xylosidic linkage randomly, possessing potential in wide industrial applications. Most of xylanases are susceptible to be inactive when suffering high temperature and high alkaline process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high amount of effective thermoalkaliphilic xylanases. This study aims to enhance thermoalkaliphilic xylanase production in Pichia pastoris through fermentation parameters optimization and novel efficient fed-batch strategy in high cell-density fermentation. RESULTS Recombinant xylanase activity increased 12.2%, 7.4%, 12.0% and 9.9% by supplementing the Pichia pastoris culture with 20 g/L wheat bran, 5 mg/L L-histidine, 10 mg/L L-tryptophan and 10 mg/L L-methionine in shake flasks, respectively. Investigation of nutritional fermentation parameters, non-nutritional fermentation parameters and feeding strategies in 1 L bioreactor and 1 L shake flask revealed that glycerol and methanol feeding strategies were the critical factors for high cell density and xylanase activity. In 50 L bioreactor, a novel glycerol feeding strategy and a four-stage methanol feeding strategy with a stepwise increase in feeding rate were developed to enhance recombinant xylanase production. In the initial 72 h of methanol induction, the linear dependence of xylanase activity on methanol intake was observed (R2 = 0.9726). The maximum xylanase activity was predicted to be 591.2 U/mL, while the actual maximum xylanase activity was 560.7 U/mL, which was 7.05 times of that in shake flask. Recombinant xylanase retained 82.5% of its initial activity after pre-incubation at 80 °C for 50 min (pH 8.0), and it exhibited excellent stability in the broad temperature (60-80 °C) and pH (pH 8.0-11.0) ranges. CONCLUSIONS Efficient glycerol and methanol fed-batch strategies resulting in desired cell density and xylanase activity should be applied in other P. pastoris fermentation for other recombinant proteins production. Recombinant xylanases with high pH- and thermal-stability showed potential in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Longmei Zhao
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Cong Hu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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31
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Lima LA, de Vries R, Biswaro LS, Vasconcelos IM, Franco OL, Dias SC. Fusion of plectasin derivative NZ2114 with hydrophilic random coil polypeptide: Recombinant production in Pichia pastoris and antimicrobial activity against clinical strain MRSA. Biopolymers 2017; 110. [PMID: 28608428 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
One of the roadblocks towards the practical use of antimicrobial peptides for medical use is their relatively high cost when synthesized chemically. Effective recombinant production has only been successful in some cases, such as the previously reported production in Pichia pastoris of the antimicrobial plectasin derivative peptide NZ2114. The same production host has also been used extensively to produce so-called protein-polymers: sequences that consist of repetitions of simple amino acid motifs found in structural proteins such as collagen and elastin, and that can be designed to self-assemble in micelles, fibers and hydrogels. With the eventual goal of producing recombinant biomaterials such as antimicrobial protein polymer, we here explore the secreted production in Pichia pastoris of a fusion of NZ2114 with a hydrophilic random coil protein polymer CP4 . The intact NZ2114-CP4 fusion copolymer was produced with a yield of purified protein on the order of 1 g.L-1 supernatant. We find that purified NZ2114-CP4 has an activity against clinical strain MRSA, but very much lower than activity of chemically synthesized NZ2114. We conclude that possibly, the activity of NZ2114 is impaired by the C-terminal attachment to the protein polymer chain, but other reasons for the low activity cannot yet be excluded either. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Lima
- Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - R de Vries
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L S Biswaro
- Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - I M Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - O L Franco
- Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- S-Inova, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - S C Dias
- Centro de Análises, Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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32
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Liu B, Wang T, Xiao L, Zhang G, Li G, Luo J, Liu X. A directed self-assembly quasi-spider silk protein expressed in Pichia pastoris. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1327823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Liyan Xiao
- School of Foreign Languages, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Guilan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Guangshen Li
- Department of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Jingzhi Luo
- Department of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Jian, P.R. China
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33
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Thermostable multifunctional GH74 xyloglucanase from Myceliophthora thermophila: high-level expression in Pichia pastoris and characterization of the recombinant protein. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5653-5666. [PMID: 28477154 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A xyloglucanase of the GH74 family was identified in the thermophilic fungus strain Myceliophthora thermophila VKPM F-244, and its gene sequence was optimized for cloning and expression in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant xyloglucanase MtXgh74 exhibited the highest activity toward tamarind seed xyloglucan with a K M value of 0.51 ± 0.06 mg/mL. The activities on barley β-glucan and carboxymethylcellulose were about 4 and 2%, respectively, compared to xyloglucan. Maximum xyloglucanase activity was observed at 70-75 °C and pH 6.5. After pre-incubation at 50 °C, pH 6.0 for 3 h, the enzyme retained 100% of its activity. The half-life of MtXgh74 at 60 °C, pH 6.0 was 40 min. In P. pastoris, MtXgh74 was produced in glycosylated form. The enzyme production in a 1 L bioreactor resulted in a yield of 118 U/mL or 5.3 g/L after 51 h fermentation. Kinetic studies of the hydrolysis product formation suggest that MtXgh74 has an endo-processive mode of action. The final products were the standard xyloglucan building blocks XXXG, XXLG, XLXG, and XLLG. Additionally, MtXgh74 hydrolyzed various linkages within the xyloglucan building blocks XXXG, XXLG, and XLXG (except XLLG) producing diverse low molecular weight oligosaccharides which may be identified by MALDI-TOF as XG, XX, XXG/GXX/XGX, XXX, LG, LX/XL, XLX/XXL, LLG, GXXXG, GXLLG, XLLGX. The unique combination of different activities within one enzyme along with its high thermostability and specificity toward xyloglucan makes MtXgh74 a promising candidate enzyme for industrial applications.
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34
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Chen WH, Chag SM, Poongavanam MV, Biter AB, Ewere EA, Rezende W, Seid CA, Hudspeth EM, Pollet J, McAtee CP, Strych U, Bottazzi ME, Hotez PJ. Optimization of the Production Process and Characterization of the Yeast-Expressed SARS-CoV Recombinant Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD219-N1), a SARS Vaccine Candidate. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:1961-1970. [PMID: 28456726 PMCID: PMC5612335 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
From 2002 to 2003, a global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) spread to 5 continents and caused 8000 respiratory infections and 800 deaths. To ameliorate the effects of future outbreaks as well as to prepare for biodefense, a process for the production of a recombinant protein vaccine candidate is under development. Previously, we reported the 5 L scale expression and purification of a promising recombinant SARS vaccine candidate, RBD219-N1, the 218-amino acid residue receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS coronavirus expressed in yeast-Pichia pastoris X-33. When adjuvanted with aluminum hydroxide, this protein elicited high neutralizing antibody titers and high RBD-specific antibody titers. However, the yield of RBD219-N1 (60 mg RBD219-N1 per liter of fermentation supernatant; 60 mg/L FS) still required improvement to reach our target of >100 mg/L FS. In this study, we optimized the 10 L scale production process and increased the fermentation yield 6- to 7-fold to 400 mg/L FS with purification recovery >50%. A panel of characterization tests indicated that the process is reproducible and that the purified, tag-free RBD219-N1 protein has high purity and a well-defined structure and is therefore a suitable candidate for production under current Good Manufacturing Practice and future phase-1 clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsiang Chen
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Shivali M Chag
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Mohan V Poongavanam
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Amadeo B Biter
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ebe A Ewere
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Wanderson Rezende
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Christopher A Seid
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Elissa M Hudspeth
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Jeroen Pollet
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - C Patrick McAtee
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ulrich Strych
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798.
| | - Peter J Hotez
- Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798; James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005
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35
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Rombouts WH, Domeradzka NE, Werten MWT, Leermakers FAM, de Vries RJ, de Wolf FA, van der Gucht J. Enhanced stiffness of silk-like fibers by loop formation in the corona leads to stronger gels. Biopolymers 2017; 105:795-801. [PMID: 27400673 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study the self-assembly of protein polymers consisting of a silk-like block flanked by two hydrophilic blocks, with a cysteine residue attached to the C-terminal end. The silk blocks self-assemble to form fibers while the hydrophilic blocks form a stabilizing corona. Entanglement of the fibers leads to the formation of hydrogels. Under oxidizing conditions the cysteine residues form disulfide bridges, effectively connecting two corona chains at their ends to form a loop. We find that this leads to a significant increase in the elastic modulus of the gels. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that this stiffening is due to an increase of the persistence length of the fibers. Self-consistent-field calculations indicate a slight decrease of the lateral pressure in the corona upon loop formation. We argue that this small decrease in the repulsive interactions affects the stacking of the silk-like blocks in the core, resulting in a more rigid fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf H Rombouts
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, NL-6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Natalia E Domeradzka
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, NL-6708 WE, The Netherlands.,Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, NL-6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, NL-6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Frans A M Leermakers
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, NL-6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Renko J de Vries
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, NL-6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, NL-6708 WG, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, NL-6708 WE, The Netherlands
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36
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Mattanovich D, Sauer M, Gasser B. Industrial Microorganisms: Pichia pastoris. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807796.ch19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diethard Mattanovich
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Michael Sauer
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Department of Biotechnology; Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH); Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
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37
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Domeradzka NE, Werten MWT, de Wolf FA, de Vries R. Cross-Linking and Bundling of Self-Assembled Protein-Based Polymer Fibrils via Heterodimeric Coiled Coils. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3893-3901. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E. Domeradzka
- Wageningen UR
Food and Biobased Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc W. T. Werten
- Wageningen UR
Food and Biobased Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A. de Wolf
- Wageningen UR
Food and Biobased Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renko de Vries
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Marquard D, Enders A, Roth G, Rinas U, Scheper T, Lindner P. In situ microscopy for online monitoring of cell concentration in Pichia pastoris cultivations. J Biotechnol 2016; 234:90-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Włodarczyk-Biegun MK, Werten MWT, Posadowska U, Storm IM, de Wolf FA, van den Beucken JJJP, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Cohen Stuart MA, Kamperman M. Nanofibrillar hydrogel scaffolds from recombinant protein-based polymers with integrin- and proteoglycan-binding domains. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:3082-3092. [PMID: 27449385 PMCID: PMC5129582 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the design, production, and testing of functionalized variants of a recombinant protein‐based polymer that forms nanofibrillar hydrogels with self‐healing properties. With a view to bone tissue engineering applications, we equipped these variants with N‐terminal extensions containing either (1) integrin‐binding (RGD) or (2) less commonly studied proteoglycan‐binding (KRSR) cell‐adhesive motifs. The polymers were efficiently produced as secreted proteins using the yeast Pichia pastoris and were essentially monodisperse. The pH‐responsive protein‐based polymers are soluble at low pH and self‐assemble into supramolecular fibrils and hydrogels at physiological pH. By mixing functionalized and nonfunctionalized proteins in different ratios, and adjusting pH, hydrogel scaffolds with the same protein concentration but varying content of the two types of cell‐adhesive motifs were readily obtained. The scaffolds were used for the two‐dimensional culture of MG‐63 osteoblastic cells. RGD domains had a slightly stronger effect than KRSR domains on adhesion, activity, and spreading. However, scaffolds featuring both functional domains revealed a clear synergistic effect on cell metabolic activity and spreading, and provided the highest final degree of cell confluency. The mixed functionalized hydrogels presented here thus allowed to tailor the osteoblastic cell response, offering prospects for their further development as scaffolds for bone regeneration. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 3082–3092, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Urszula Posadowska
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Biomaterials, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, 30-059, Poland
| | - Ingeborg M Storm
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Philips Van Leydenlaan 25, NL-6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A Cohen Stuart
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, NL-6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Domeradzka NE, Werten MWT, de Vries R, de Wolf FA. Production in Pichia pastoris of complementary protein-based polymers with heterodimer-forming WW and PPxY domains. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:105. [PMID: 27286861 PMCID: PMC4902918 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Specific coupling of de novo designed recombinant protein polymers for the construction of precisely structured nanomaterials is of interest for applications in biomedicine, pharmaceutics and diagnostics. An attractive coupling strategy is to incorporate specifically interacting peptides into the genetic design of the protein polymers. An example of such interaction is the binding of particular proline-rich ligands by so-called WW-domains. In this study, we investigated whether these domains can be produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris as part of otherwise non-interacting protein polymers, and whether they bring about polymer coupling upon mixing. Results We constructed two variants of a highly hydrophilic protein-based polymer that differ only in their C-terminal extensions. One carries a C-terminal WW domain, and the other a C-terminal proline-rich ligand (PPxY). Both polymers were produced in P.pastoris with a purified protein yield of more than 2 g L−1 of cell-free broth. The proline-rich module was found to be O-glycosylated, and uncommonly a large portion of the attached oligosaccharides was phosphorylated. Glycosylation was overcome by introducing a Ser → Ala mutation in the PPxY peptide. Tryptophan fluorescence monitored during titration of the polymer containing the WW domain with either the glycosylated or nonglycosylated PPxY-containing polymer revealed binding. The complementary polymers associated with a Kd of ~3 µM, regardless of glycosylation state of the PPxY domain. Binding was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry, with a Kd of ~9 µM. Conclusions This article presents a blueprint for the production in P. pastoris of protein polymers that can be coupled using the noncovalent interaction between WW domains and proline-rich ligands. The availability of this highly specific coupling tool will hereafter allow us to construct various supramolecular structures and biomaterials. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0498-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Domeradzka
- Wageningen UR Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen UR Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Renko de Vries
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen UR Food and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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41
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Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is a widely used host organism for recombinant protein production in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry. However, if the target product describes a glycoprotein, an α-1,6-mannosyltransferase located in the Golgi apparatus of P. pastoris, called OCH1, triggers hypermannosylation of the recombinant protein which significantly impedes following unit operations and hampers biopharmaceutical product applications. A knockout of the och1 gene allows the production of less-glycosylated proteins-however, morphology and physiology of P. pastoris also change, complicating the upstream process. Here, we describe a controlled and efficient bioprocess based on the specific substrate uptake rate (q s) for a recombinant P. pastoris OCH1 knockout strain expressing a peroxidase as model protein.
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42
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Schmideder A, Hensler S, Lang M, Stratmann A, Giesecke U, Weuster-Botz D. High-cell-density cultivation and recombinant protein production with Komagataella pastoris in stirred-tank bioreactors from milliliter to cubic meter scale. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Liu WC, Gong T, Wang QH, Liang X, Chen JJ, Zhu P. Scaling-up Fermentation of Pichia pastoris to demonstration-scale using new methanol-feeding strategy and increased air pressure instead of pure oxygen supplement. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18439. [PMID: 26790977 PMCID: PMC4726300 DOI: 10.1038/srep18439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaling-up of high-cell-density fermentation (HCDF) of Pichia pastoris from the lab or pilot scale to the demonstration scale possesses great significance because the latter is the final technological hurdle in the decision to go commercial. However, related investigations have rarely been reported. In this paper, we study the scaling-up processes of a recombinant P. pastoris from the pilot (10 to 100-L) to the demonstration (1,000-L) scales, which can be used to convert 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol into 10-deacetyltaxol by the β-xylosidase for semi-synthesis of Taxol. We demonstrated that a pure oxygen supplement can be omitted from the HCDF if the super atmospheric pressure was increased from 0.05 to 0.10 ± 0.05 MPa, and we developed a new methanol feeding biomass-stat strategy (0.035 mL/g/h) with 1% dissolved oxygen and 100 g/L initial induction biomass (dry cell weight). The scaling-up was reproducible, and the best results were obtained from the 1,000-L scale, featuring a shorter induction time and the highest enzyme activities and productions, respectively. The specific growth and specific production rates were also determined. This study lays a solid foundation for the commercial preparation of 10-deacetyltaxol through the recombinant yeast. It also provides a successful paradigm for scaling-up HCDF of P. pastoris to the demonstration scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Cang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ting Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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44
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Efficient Production of Hydroxylated Human-Like Collagen Via the Co-Expression of Three Key Genes in Escherichia coli Origami (DE3). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:1458-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Setina CM, Haase JP, Glatz CE. Process integration for recovery of recombinant collagen type I α1 from corn seed. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 32:98-107. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles E. Glatz
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Iowa State University; 2114 Sweeney Hall Ames IA 50011
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46
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Domeradzka NE, Werten MWT, de Vries R, de Wolf FA. Production in Pichia pastoris of protein-based polymers with small heterodimer-forming blocks. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:953-60. [PMID: 26479855 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Some combinations of leucine zipper peptides are capable of forming α-helical heterodimeric coiled coils with very high affinity. These can be used as physical cross-linkers in the design of protein-based polymers that form supramolecular structures, for example hydrogels, upon mixing solutions containing the complementary blocks. Such two-component physical networks are of interest for many applications in biomedicine, pharmaceutics, and diagnostics. This article describes the efficient secretory production of A and B type leucine zipper peptides fused to protein-based polymers in Pichia pastoris. By adjusting the fermentation conditions, we were able to significantly reduce undesirable proteolytic degradation. The formation of A-B heterodimers in mixtures of the purified products was confirmed by size exclusion chromatography. Our results demonstrate that protein-based polymers incorporating functional heterodimer-forming blocks can be produced with P. pastoris in sufficient quantities for use in future supramolecular self-assembly studies and in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Domeradzka
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc W T Werten
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Renko de Vries
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen UR Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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47
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Sreenivas S, Krishnaiah SM, Shyam Mohan AH, Mallikarjun N, Govindappa N, Chatterjee A, Sastry KN. Disruption of KEX1 gene reduces the proteolytic degradation of secreted two-chain Insulin glargine in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 118:1-9. [PMID: 26470649 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Insulin glargine is a slow acting analog of insulin used in diabetes therapy. It is produced by recombinant DNA technology in different hosts namely E. coli and Pichia pastoris. In our previous study, we have described the secretion of fully folded two-chain Insulin glargine into the medium by over-expression of Kex2 protease. The enhanced levels of the Kex2 protease was responsible for the processing of the glargine precursor with in the host. Apart from the two-chain glargine product we observed a small proportion of arginine clipped species. This might be due to the clipping of arginine present at the C-terminus of the B-chain as it is exposed upon Kex2 cleavage. The carboxypeptidase precursor Kex1 is known to be responsible for clipping of C-terminal lysine or arginine of the proteins or peptides. In order to address this issue we created a Kex1 knock out in the host using Cre/loxP mechanism of targeted gene deletion. When two-chain glargine was expressed in the Kex1 knock out host of P. pastoris GS115 the C-terminal clipped species reduced by ∼80%. This modification further improved the process by reducing the levels of product related impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suma Sreenivas
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sateesh M Krishnaiah
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Dept. of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Bangalore University, JnanaBharathi Campus, Bangalore, 560 056, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil H Shyam Mohan
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
| | - Niveditha Mallikarjun
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraja Govindappa
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
| | - Amarnath Chatterjee
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
| | - Kedarnath N Sastry
- Biocon Research Limited, Plot No. 2&3, Phase IV, Bommasandra-Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560099, Karnataka, India
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48
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Kang Z, Zhang N, Zhang Y. Enhanced production of leech hyaluronidase by optimizing secretion and cultivation in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:707-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Rombouts WH, de Kort DW, Pham TTH, van Mierlo CPM, Werten MWT, de Wolf FA, van der Gucht J. Reversible Temperature-Switching of Hydrogel Stiffness of Coassembled, Silk-Collagen-Like Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2506-13. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolf H. Rombouts
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan W. de Kort
- TI-COAST, Science Park 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thao T. H. Pham
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marc W. T. Werten
- Wageningen
UR Food
and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden
9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A. de Wolf
- Wageningen
UR Food
and Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden
9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, NL-6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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50
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Bae JH, Sung BH, Kim HJ, Park SH, Lim KM, Kim MJ, Lee CR, Sohn JH. An Efficient Genome-Wide Fusion Partner Screening System for Secretion of Recombinant Proteins in Yeast. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26195161 PMCID: PMC4508530 DOI: 10.1038/srep12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To produce rarely secreted recombinant proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we developed a novel genome-wide optimal translational fusion partner (TFP) screening system that involves recruitment of an optimal secretion signal and fusion partner. A TFP library was constructed from a genomic and truncated cDNA library by using the invertase-based signal sequence trap technique. The efficiency of the system was demonstrated using two rarely secreted proteins, human interleukin (hIL)-2 and hIL-32. Optimal TFPs for secretion of hIL-2 and hIL-32 were easily selected, yielding secretion of these proteins up to hundreds of mg/L. Moreover, numerous uncovered yeast secretion signals and fusion partners were identified, leading to efficient secretion of various recombinant proteins. Selected TFPs were found to be useful for the hypersecretion of other recombinant proteins at yields of up to several g/L. This screening technique could provide new methods for the production of various types of difficult-to-express proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Bae
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hyun Sung
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ho Park
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Mook Lim
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Ryong Lee
- 1] Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea [2] Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Sohn
- 1] Bioenergy and Biochemical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea [2] Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
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