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Larry M, Rabizadeh S, Mohammadi F, Yadegar A, Jalalpour A, Mirmiranpour H, Farahmand G, Esteghamati A, Nakhjavani M. Relationship between advanced glycation end-products and advanced oxidation protein products in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without albuminuria: A cross-sectional survey. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e70057. [PMID: 39355098 PMCID: PMC11439888 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Literature suggests that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the progression of diabetes. Since poor glycemic control enhances the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in individuals with diabetes, exploring the association between glycation and oxidative states in diabetes could also shed light on potential consequences. This study evaluated the effects of albuminuria on AGEs and AOPP levels and measured their relationship in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with or without albuminuria. Methods A cross-sectional, matched case-control study was designed, including 38 T2D subjects with albuminuria and 38 matched T2D subjects with normoalbuminuria. Patients were matched by their body mass index (BMI), age, and duration of diabetes. The unadjusted and adjusted correlation between AGEs and AOPP in the studied groups were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Using ggplot2, the ties between these two biochemical factors in cases and controls were plotted. Results This study elucidated a significant association between AGEs and AOPP in participants with normoalbuminuria (r = 0.331, p-value < 0.05), which continued to be significant after controlling for BMI, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.355, p-value < 0.05). However, there was no significant association between AGEs and AOPP in those with albuminuria in the unadjusted model (r = 0.034, p-value = 0.841) or after controlling for BMI, age, SBP, and DBP (r = 0.076, p-value = 0.685). Conclusion Oxidation and glycation molecular biomarkers were correlated in patients without albuminuria; however, this association was not observed in those with albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Larry
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Soghra Rabizadeh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amirhossein Yadegar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Azadeh Jalalpour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Mirmiranpour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ghasem Farahmand
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Esteghamati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Manouchehr Nakhjavani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali‐Asr HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Chen Z, Lin B, Yao X, Weng J, Liu J, He Q, Song K, Zhou C, Zuo Z, Huang X, Liu Z, Huang Q, Xu Q, Guo X. Endothelial β-catenin upregulation and Y142 phosphorylation drive diabetic angiogenesis via upregulating KDR/HDAC9. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:182. [PMID: 38491522 PMCID: PMC10941375 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic angiogenesis is closely associated with disabilities and death caused by diabetic microvascular complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are abnormally accumulated in diabetic patients and are a key pathogenic factor for diabetic angiogenesis. The present study focuses on understanding the mechanisms underlying diabetic angiogenesis and identifying therapeutic targets based on these mechanisms. METHODS In this study, AGE-induced angiogenesis serves as a model to investigate the mechanisms underlying diabetic angiogensis. Mouse aortic rings, matrigel plugs, and HUVECs or 293T cells were employed as research objects to explore this pathological process by using transcriptomics, gene promoter reporter assays, virtual screening and so on. RESULTS Here, we found that AGEs activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and enhanced the β-catenin protein level by affecting the expression of β-catenin degradation-related genes, such as FZDs (Frizzled receptors), LRPs (LDL Receptor Related Proteins), and AXIN1. AGEs could also mediate β-catenin Y142 phosphorylation through VEGFR1 isoform5. These dual effects of AGEs elevated the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and sequentially induced the expression of KDR (Kinase Insert Domain Receptor) and HDAC9 (Histone Deacetylase 9) by POU5F1 and NANOG, respectively, thus mediating angiogenesis. Finally, through virtual screening, Bioymifi, an inhibitor that blocks VEGFR1 isoform5-β-catenin complex interaction and alleviates AGE-induced angiogenesis, was identified. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study offers insight into the pathophysiological functions of β-catenin in diabetic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bingqi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaodan Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinlian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chuyu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zirui Zuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhuanhua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiulin Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- National Experimental Education Demonstration Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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3
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Freire P, Zamora A, Castillo M. Synchronous Front-Face Fluorescence Spectra: A Review of Milk Fluorophores. Foods 2024; 13:812. [PMID: 38472925 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk is subjected to different industrial processes, provoking significant physicochemical modifications that impact milk's functional properties. As a rapid and in-line method, front-face fluorescence can be used to characterize milk instead of conventional analytical tests. However, when applying fluorescence spectroscopy for any application, it is not always necessary to determine which compound is responsible for each fluorescent response. In complex matrixes such as milk where several variables are interdependent, the unique identification of compounds can be challenging. Thus, few efforts have been made on the chemical characterization of milk' fluorescent spectrum and the current information is dispersed. This review aims to organize research findings by dividing the milk spectra into areas and concatenating each area with at least one fluorophore. Designations are discussed by providing specific information on the fluorescent properties of each compound. In addition, a summary table of all fluorophores and references cited in this work by area is provided. This review provides a solid foundation for further research and could serve as a central reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Freire
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California State University, Fresno, 5300 N CampusDrive M/S FF17, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Anna Zamora
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Castillo
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Alaei L, Ashengroph M, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Sulfonamides stimulate ROS formation upon glycation of human carbonic anhydrase II. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128294. [PMID: 37992931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products are the most important species of glycation pathway, and cause disorders such as oxidative stress and diabetes. Sulfonamide compounds, which are generally known as widespread inhibitors, are potential agents used in different drug products, which can readily enter biological matrices. In the present work, the structure and activity of human carbonic anhydrase II studied in the presence of glucose as well as four sulfonamide agents from different views. These included enzyme kinetics, free lysine content, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and ROS measurement. Our results indicated that upon glycation, the structure of HCA II collapses and 8 to 13 lysine residues will be more available based on ligand incubation. Secondary and tertiary structural changes were also observed in the presence and absence of sulfonamide agents using fluorescence and circular dichroism methods, respectively. These spectroscopic data also showed a remarkable increase in hydrophobicity and decrease in α-helix contents during glycation, especially after 35 days of incubation. ROS assay was studied in the presence of glucose and sulfonamide compounds, that demonstrated the role of sulfonamide compounds in ROS formation in the presence of glucose in a synergistic manner. Overall, our data indicated that sulfonamides act as a stimulant factor upon prolonged interaction with HCA II and may intensify the complications of some disorders, such as diabetes and other conformational diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loghman Alaei
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morahem Ashengroph
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Koike S, Saito Y, Ogasawara Y. Novel Fluorometric Assay of Antiglycation Activity Based on Methylglyoxal-Induced Protein Carbonylation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2030. [PMID: 38136150 PMCID: PMC10740428 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which can have multiple structures, are formed at the sites where the carbonyl groups of reducing sugars bind to the free amino groups of proteins through the Maillard reaction. Some AGE structures exhibit fluorescence, and this fluorescence has been used to measure the formation and quantitative changes in carbonylated proteins. Recently, fluorescent AGEs have also been used as an index for the evaluation of compounds that inhibit protein glycation. However, the systems used to generate fluorescent AGEs from the reaction of reducing sugars and proteins used for the evaluation of antiglycation activity have not been determined through appropriate research; thus, problems remain regarding sensitivity, quantification, and precision. In the present study, using methylglyoxal (MGO), a reactive carbonyl compound to induce glycation, a comparative analysis of the mechanisms of formation of fluorescent substances from several types of proteins was conducted. The analysis identified hen egg lysozyme (HEL) as a protein that produces stronger fluorescent AGEs faster in the Maillard reaction with MGO. It was also found that the AGE structure produced in MGO-induced in HEL was argpyrimidine. By optimizing the reaction system, we developed a new evaluation method for compounds with antiglycation activity and established an efficient evaluation method (HEL-MGO assay) with greater sensitivity and accuracy than the conventional method, which requires high concentrations of bovine serum albumin and glucose. Furthermore, when compounds known to inhibit glycation were evaluated using this method, their antiglycation activities were clearly and significantly measured, demonstrating the practicality of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuki Ogasawara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.S.)
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Iles RK, Iles JK, Lacey J, Gardiner A, Zmuidinaite R. Direct Detection of Glycated Human Serum Albumin and Hyperglycosylated IgG3 in Serum, by MALDI-ToF Mass Spectrometry, as a Predictor of COVID-19 Severity. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102521. [PMID: 36292212 PMCID: PMC9601263 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prefusion spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds advanced glycation end product (AGE)-glycated human serum albumin (HSA) and a higher mass (hyperglycosylated/glycated) immunoglobulin (Ig) G3, as determined by matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF). We set out to investigate if the total blood plasma of patients who had recovered from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result of COVID-19, contained more glycated HSA and higher mass (glycosylated/glycated) IgG3 than those with only clinically mild or asymptomatic infections. A direct serum dilution, and disulphide bond reduction, method was developed and applied to plasma samples from SARS-CoV-2 seronegative (n = 30) and seropositive (n = 31) healthcare workers (HCWs) and 38 convalescent plasma samples from patients who had been admitted with acute respiratory distress (ARDS) associated with COVID-19. Patients recovering from COVID-19 ARDS had significantly higher mass AGE-glycated HSA and higher mass IgG3 levels. This would indicate that increased levels and/or ratios of hyper-glycosylation (probably terminal sialic acid) IgG3 and AGE glycated HSA may be predisposition markers for the development of COVID-19 ARDS as a result of SARS-CoV2 infection. Furthermore, rapid direct analysis of serum/plasma samples by MALDI-ToF for such humoral immune correlates of COVID-19 presents a feasible screening technology for the most at risk; regardless of age or known health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray K. Iles
- MAP Sciences, The iLab, Stannard Way, Bedford MK44 3RZ, UK
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
- NISAD, Sundstorget 2, 252-21 Helsingborg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Jason K. Iles
- MAP Sciences, The iLab, Stannard Way, Bedford MK44 3RZ, UK
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Jonathan Lacey
- MAP Sciences, The iLab, Stannard Way, Bedford MK44 3RZ, UK
| | - Anna Gardiner
- MAP Sciences, The iLab, Stannard Way, Bedford MK44 3RZ, UK
| | - Raminta Zmuidinaite
- MAP Sciences, The iLab, Stannard Way, Bedford MK44 3RZ, UK
- Laboratory of Viral Zoonotics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
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7
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Markiewicz E, Jerome J, Mammone T, Idowu OC. Anti-Glycation and Anti-Aging Properties of Resveratrol Derivatives in the in-vitro 3D Models of Human Skin. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:911-927. [PMID: 35615726 PMCID: PMC9126233 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s364538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Human skin undergoes modifications affecting its structural properties and barrier functions involved in protection against age-related damage. Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction between macromolecules and sugars causing alterations to the elastic fibers and premature aging of the skin. Glycation can be prevented by a range of bioactive molecules; however, at present only a few of them are validated for inclusion in cosmetic products. There is also a demand for reproducible in-vitro assays demonstrating the anti-aging effect of compounds on the skin. This study aimed to define the potential targets for screening and validation of anti-glycation activity of novel cosmetic candidates from natural products and to provide a plausible mechanism for their anti-aging potential based on 3D skin models. Methods Dermal fibroblasts and 3D skin models were treated with glycation agent and topical applications of Resveratrol derivatives. The samples were analyzed for advanced glycation end products (AGEs) alongside an organization of elastic fibers and expression of proliferative, senescence, and oxidative stress markers by autofluorescence, immunocytochemistry and quantitative assays. Results Accumulation of AGEs in the 3D skin model is associated with reduced stratification of the epidermis and re-organization of the collagen in the upper, cell-dense layer of the dermis. Treatment of dermal fibroblasts with Resveratrol, OxyResveratrol, Piceatannol, and Triacetyl Resveratrol ameliorates the effects of glycation consistent with cellular aging. Subsequent topical application of the compounds in skin models results in a reduction in glycation-induced AGEs, an increase in collagen expression and a stratification of the epidermis. Conclusion Glycation could result in age-related alterations in the structural and cellular organizations of the superficial layers of the skin, which can be restored by Resveratrol derivatives, pointing to their promising capacities as bioactive ingredients in cosmetic products. Insight into the potential parameters affected by skin glycation could also serve as a reference for screening the bioactive molecules for cosmetic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Markiewicz
- Hexis Lab Limited, The Catalyst, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jaimie Jerome
- Estee Lauder Research Laboratories, Melville, NY, USA
| | | | - Olusola C Idowu
- Hexis Lab Limited, The Catalyst, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Weng J, Chen Z, Li J, He Q, Chen D, Yang L, Su H, Huang J, Yu S, Huang Q, Xu Q, Guo X. Advanced glycation end products induce endothelial hyperpermeability via β-catenin phosphorylation and subsequent up-regulation of ADAM10. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7746-7759. [PMID: 34227224 PMCID: PMC8358892 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial hyperpermeability is the initial event in the development of diabetic microvascular complications, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are suggested to cause much of the endothelial hyperpermeability associated with diabetes mellitus, but the molecular mechanism remains to be characterized. β-catenin reportedly plays dual functions in maintaining normal endothelial permeability by serving both as an adhesive component and a signal transduction component. Here, we found that AGEs induced the phosphorylation of β-catenin at residues Y654 and Y142 and the endothelial hyperpermeability was reversed when the two residues were blocked. In mechanism, phosphorylation of Y654 was blocked by Src inactivation, whereas phosphorylation of Y142 was reduced by a focal adhesion kinase inhibitor. β-catenin Y654 phosphorylation induced by AGEs facilitated the dissociation of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin/β-catenin and the impairment of adherens junctions (AJs), whereas β-catenin Y142 phosphorylation favoured the dissociation of β-catenin and α-catenin. Further investigation revealed that β-catenin Y142 phosphorylation was required for AGEs-mediated β-catenin nuclear translocation, and this nuclear-located β-catenin subsequently activated the TCF/LEF pathway. This pathway promotes the transcription of the Wnt target, ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10), which mediates VE-cadherin shedding and leads to further impairment of AJs. In summary, our study showed the role of β-catenin Y654 and Y142 phosphorylation in AGEs-mediated endothelial hyperpermeability through VE-cadherin/β-catenin/α-catenin dissociation and up-regulation of ADAM10, thereby advancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of AGEs-induced microvascular hyperpermeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Weng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jieyu Li
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qi He
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Deshu Chen
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangzhou Special Service Sanatorium Center of the Rocket ForceGuangzhouChina
| | - Haiying Su
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junlin Huang
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shengxiang Yu
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiulin Xu
- Department of Emergency and Critical MedicineGuangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical ScienceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Department of PathophysiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and MicrocirculationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Anis MA, Sreerama YN. Inhibition of protein glycoxidation and advanced glycation end-product formation by barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) phenolics. Food Chem 2020; 315:126265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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10
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Mating status affects Drosophila lifespan, metabolism and antioxidant system. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 246:110716. [PMID: 32339661 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster, lifespan and fitness traits were investigated as a function of mating status. Four mating protocols were used: virgin males and females, males and females allowed to copulate only once; males and females that had multiple copulations with one partner over the 5-day mating period; and polygamous males and females that had multiple copulations with different partners over the 5-day mating period. Virgin females had the longest lifespan, and polygamous females had the shortest lifespan, potentially due to injuries, infections or exposure to toxic accessory gland products obtained from different males. Reduced lifespan was also observed in males mated to multiple females. Unexpectedly, mating decreased the amount of food eaten by flies. Mating to different partners decreased the amount of fat in both sexes. The number of eggs laid and their quality was increased in females mated to multiple males. Mating status influenced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (PX) activities, as well as the content of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The mRNA levels of the insulin receptor (InR) gene were significantly increased in the polygamously mated female group compared to the virgin group. Levels of dTOR mRNA were lower in polygamous females. These results indicate that insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) and Drosophila target of rapamycin (dTOR) pathways can mediate the link between mating status and longevity in Drosophila.
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Gross P, Seelert H, Meiser P, Müller R. Characterization of bromelain indicates a molar excess of inhibitor vs. enzyme molecules, a Jacalin-like lectin and Maillard reaction products. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 181:113075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pereira Morais MP, Kassaar O, Flower SE, Williams RJ, James TD, van den Elsen JMH. Analysis of Protein Glycation Using Phenylboronate Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1855:161-175. [PMID: 30426417 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8793-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate modification of proteins adds complexity and diversity to the proteome. However, undesired carbohydrate modifications also occur in the form of glycation, which have been implicated in diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The analysis of glycated proteins is challenging due to their complexity and variability. Numerous analytical techniques have been developed that require expensive specialized equipment and complex data analysis. In this chapter, we describe two easy-to-use electrophoresis-based methods that will enable researchers to detect, identify, and analyze these posttranslational modifications. This new cost-effective methodology will aid the detection of unwanted glycation products in processed foods and may lead to new diagnostics and therapeutics for age-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar Kassaar
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | | | - Robert J Williams
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Wang W, Weng J, Yu L, Huang Q, Jiang Y, Guo X. Role of TLR4-p38 MAPK-Hsp27 signal pathway in LPS-induced pulmonary epithelial hyperpermeability. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:178. [PMID: 30482200 PMCID: PMC6258407 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The breakdown of alveolar barrier dysfunction contributes to Lipopolysaccharide stimulated pulmonary edema and acute lung injury. Actin cytoskeleton has been implicated to be critical in regulation of epithelial barrier. Here, we performed in vivo and in vitro study to investigate role of TLR4-p38 MAPK-Hsp27 signal pathway in LPS-induced ALI. Methods For in vivo studies, 6–8-week-old C57 mice were used, Bronchoalveolar lavage Fluid /Blood fluorescent ratio, wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, as well as protein concentrations and neutrophil cell counts in BALF were detected as either directly or indirectly indicators of pulmonary alveolar barrier dysfunction. And hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to estimate pulmonary injury. The in vitro explorations of transepithelial permeability were achieved through transepithelial electrical resistance measurement and testing of FITC-Dextran transepithelial flux in A549. In addition, cytoskeletal rearrangement was tested through F-actin immunostaining. And SB203580 was used to inhibit p38 MAPK activation, while siRNA was administered to genetically knockdown specific protein. Results We showed that LPS triggered activation of p38 MAPK, rearrangement of cytoskeleton which resulted in severe epithelial hyperpermeability and lung edema. A549 pretreated with TLR4 siRNA、p38 MAPK siRNA and its inhibitor SB203580 displayed a lower permeability and fewer stress fibers formation after LPS stimulation, accompanied with lower phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK and Hsp27, which verified the involvement of TLR4-p38 MAPK-Hsp27 in LPS-evoked alveolar epithelial injury. Inhibition of p38 MAPK activity with SB203580 in vivo attenuated pulmonary edema formation and hyperpermeability in response to LPS. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that LPS increased alveolar epithelial permeability both in vitro and in vivo and that TLR4- p38 MAPK- Hsp27 signal pathway dependent actin remolding was involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiju Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Impact of intracellular glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products on human hepatocyte cell death. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14282. [PMID: 29079763 PMCID: PMC5660208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte cell death is a key feature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the pathogenesis of NASH currently remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracellular glyceraldehyde (GA)-derived advanced glycation end-products (GA-AGEs) on human hepatocyte cell death. The accumulation of intracellular GA-AGEs has been associated with the induction of DNA damage and hepatocyte necrotic cell death. Among intracellular GA-AGEs, caspase-3 has been identified as a GA-AGE-modified protein with abrogated protein function. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-3 and induction of hepatocyte apoptosis by camptothecin, a DNA-damaging agent, was suppressed by a treatment with GA. These results suggest the inhibitory effects of GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 on the induction of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis, which is associated with hepatocyte necrosis. Therefore, the suppression of necrosis, the inflammatory form of cell death, by the accumulation of GA-AGEs and GA-AGE-modified caspase-3 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the pathogenesis of NASH.
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Yang Y, Li Y, Yin D, Chen S, Gao X. Coptis chinensis Polysaccharides Inhibit Advanced Glycation End Product Formation. J Med Food 2016; 19:593-600. [PMID: 27093269 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coptis chinensis Franch (Huanglian) is commonly used to treat diabetes in China. In this study, the effects of the C. chinensis Franch polysaccharides (CCP) on advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in vitro and in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were investigated. CCP significantly inhibited all the three periods of nonenzymatic protein glycation in vitro, including Amadori product, dicarbonyl compound, and AGE formation (P < .01). In diabetic mice, the administration of CCP not only improved both bodyweight and serum insulin and decreased fasting blood glucose and glycated serum protein concentrations but also decreased the AGE accumulations and morphological abnormalities in pancreas and liver. The inhibitory effects of CCP on AGE formation afford a potential therapeutic use in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- 1 School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei, China
| | - Yun Li
- 1 School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei, China
| | - Dengke Yin
- 1 School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei, China
| | - Song Chen
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
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16
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Ma H, Liu W, Frost L, Wang L, Kong L, Dain JA, Seeram NP. The hydrolyzable gallotannin, penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, inhibits the formation of advanced glycation endproducts by protecting protein structure. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:1338-47. [PMID: 25789915 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00722k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycation is a spontaneous process initiated by a condensation reaction between reducing sugars and proteins that leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The in vivo accumulation of AGEs is associated with several chronic human diseases and, thus, the search for AGE inhibitors is of great research interest. Hydrolyzable tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins) are bioactive plant polyphenols which show promise as natural inhibitors of glycation and AGE formation. Notably, the gallotannin, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG), is a key intermediate involved in the biosynthesis of hydrolyzable tannins in plants. Herein, we investigated the effects of PGG on the individual stages of protein glycation and on protein structure (using bovine serum albumin; BSA). MALDI-TOF data demonstrated that PGG inhibited early glycation by 75% while the synthetic AGE inhibitor, aminoguanidine (AG), was not active (both at 50 μM). In addition, PGG reduced the formation of middle and late stage AGEs by 90.1 and 60.5%, respectively, which was superior to the positive control, AG. While glycation induced conformational changes in BSA from α-helix to β-sheets (from circular dichroism and congo red binding studies), PGG (at 50 μM) reduced this transition by 50%. Moreover, BSA treated with PGG was more stable in its structure and retained its biophysical properties (based on zeta potential and electrophoretic mobility measurements). The interaction between PGG and BSA was further supported by molecular docking studies. Overall, the current study adds to the growing body of data supporting the anti-AGE effects of hydrolyzable tannins, a ubiquitous class of bioactive plant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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17
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Deb-Choudhury S, Haines S, Harland D, Clerens S, van Koten C, Dyer J. Effect of cooking on meat proteins: mapping hydrothermal protein modification as a potential indicator of bioavailability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:8187-8196. [PMID: 25033321 DOI: 10.1021/jf502668w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Thermal treatment of meat proteins induces a range of observable and molecular-level changes. In order to understand and track these heat-induced modifications at the amino acid level, various analytical techniques were used. Changes were observed both in the soluble and in the insoluble fractions after hydrothermal treatment of minced beef samples. Redox proteomics clearly indicated increasing oxidative modification of proteins with increased heat exposure. Collagens in the soluble fraction and myosin in the insoluble fraction were found to be highly susceptible to such modifications. Maillard reaction products in the insoluble and pyrrolidone formation in the soluble fraction steadily increased with increased heat exposure. Fluorescence studies indicated a rapid increase in fluorescence with heat, suggesting the formation of advanced glycation end products. Overall these results provide a deeper understanding of the effect of cooking on meat proteins and the possible relationship to processing conditions in meat-derived food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Deb-Choudhury
- Food & Bio-based Products and ‡Knowledge & Analytics, AgResearch Lincoln Research Centre , Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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18
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Das S, Roy P, Pal R, Auddy RG, Chakraborti AS, Mukherjee A. Engineered silybin nanoparticles educe efficient control in experimental diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101818. [PMID: 24991800 PMCID: PMC4081790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Silybin, is one imminent therapeutic for drug induced hepatotoxicity, human prostate adenocarcinoma and other degenerative organ diseases. Recent evidences suggest that silybin influences gluconeogenesis pathways favorably and is beneficial in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The compound however is constrained due to solubility (0.4 mg/mL) and bioavailabilty limitations. Appropriate nanoparticle design for silybin in biocompatible polymers was thus proposed as a probable solution for therapeutic inadequacy. New surface engineered biopolymeric nanoparticles with high silybin encapsulation efficiency of 92.11% and zeta potential of +21 mV were designed. Both the pure compound and the nanoparticles were evaluated in vivo for the first time in experimental diabetic conditions. Animal health recovered substantially and the blood glucose levels came down to near normal values after 28 days treatment schedule with the engineered nanoparticles. Restoration from hyperglycemic damage condition was traced to serum insulin regeneration. Serum insulin recovered from the streptozotocin induced pancreatic damage levels of 0.17 ± 0.01 µg/lit to 0.57 ± 0.11 µg/lit after nanoparticle treatment. Significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin level, and restoration of liver glycogen content were some of the other interesting observations. Engineered silybin nanoparticle assisted recovery in diabetic conditions was reasoned due to improved silybin dissolution, passive transport in nanoscale, and restoration of antioxidant status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvadra Das
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Faculty of Technology (Pharmaceutical) University Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Rajat Pal
- Department of Bio-Physics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Runa Ghosh Auddy
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhay Sankar Chakraborti
- Department of Bio-Physics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Potassium sorbate as an AGE activator for human serum albumin in the presence and absence of glucose. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:146-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Resveratrol prevents dendritic cell maturation in response to advanced glycation end products. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:574029. [PMID: 23936610 PMCID: PMC3725714 DOI: 10.1155/2013/574029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), generated through nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, accumulate in the body by age thus being considered as biomarkers of senescence. Senescence is characterized by a breakdown of immunological self-tolerance, resulting in increased reactivity to self-antigens. Previous findings suggest that AGE and its receptor RAGE may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune reactions through dendritic cell (DC) activation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether resveratrol, a polyphenolic antioxidant compound with tolerogenic effects on DCs, was able to counteract the mechanisms triggered by AGE/RAGE interaction on DCs. By immunochemical and cytofluorimetric assays, we demonstrated that in vitro pretreatment of human monocyte-derived DCs with resveratrol prevents DC activation in response to glucose-treated albumin (AGE-albumin). We found that resveratrol exerts an inhibitory effect on DC surface maturation marker and RAGE up-regulation in response to AGE-albumin. It also inhibited proinflammatory cytokine expression, allostimulatory ability upregulation, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, and NF-κB activation in AGE-albumin-stimulated DCs. We suggest that resveratrol, by dismantling AGE/RAGE signaling on DCs may prevent or reduce increased reactivity to self-molecules in aging.
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Ramamurthy B, Larsson L. Detection of an aging-related increase in advanced glycation end products in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles in the rat. Biogerontology 2013; 14:293-301. [PMID: 23681254 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glycation, a non-enzymatic addition of reducing sugars to ε-amino groups of proteins, is a post-translational modification that results in the formation of irreversible advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Ageing related decline in myofibrillar protein function is effected by a number of structural and functional modifications including glycation. Functional properties of skeletal muscles, such as maximum velocity of unloaded shortening, are known to be profoundly affected by ageing at the motor unit, cellular and tissue levels. However, the contribution of protein modifications to a decline in muscle function is not well understood. In this study we measured AGEs of intracellular and sarcolemmal proteins, using an anti-AGE antibody in soleus (SOL) and extensor digiotorum longus (EDL) muscles of male and female rats of five different age groups. Using a fluorescent secondary antibody to visualize AGEs in the confocal microscope, we found that myosin is glycated in both fiber types in all age groups; an ageing related increase in AGEs was observed in both intracellular and sarcolemmal regions in all age groups, with the exception of sarcolemma of SOL (unchanged) and EDL (reduced) in female rats; the greatest concentration of AGEs was found intracellularly in the SOL of the oldest age group (27-30) of females. While an ageing related decline in motor properties can be partially attributed to the observed increase in myofibrillar protein glycation, our results also indicate that intracellular and the less well studied sarcolemmal protein modification likely contribute to an aging-related decline in muscle function. Further studies are required to establish a link between the observed ageing related increase in glycation and muscle function at the motor unit, cellular and tissue levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ramamurthy
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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22
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Pietkiewicz J, Dzierzba K, Bronowicka-Szydełko A, Staniszewska M, Bartyś A, Gamian A. PREPARATION OF BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN MONOMER FOR CONJUGATION EXPERIMENTS BY USING DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHROMATOGRAPHY MEDIA. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.673205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Pietkiewicz
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dzierzba
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Staniszewska
- b Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy , Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Bartyś
- b Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy , Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
- b Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy , Polish Academy of Sciences , Wroclaw , Poland
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Abstract
Carbohydrate modification of proteins adds complexity and diversity to the proteome. However, undesired carbohydrate modifications also occur in the form of glycation, resulting in diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. The analysis of glycated proteins is challenging due to their complexity and variability. Numerous analytical techniques have been developed that require expensive specialised equipment and complex data analysis. In this chapter, we describe a simple electrophoresis-based method that enables users to detect, identify, and analyze these post-translational modifications. This new cost-effective methodology will aid the detection of unwanted glycation products in processed foods and may lead to new diagnostics and therapeutics for age-related chronic diseases and glycosylation disorders.
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Alexandru N, Popov D, Sbarcea A, Amuzescu M. Platelet free cytosolic calcium concentration during ageing of type 2 diabetic patients. Platelets 2009; 18:473-80. [DOI: 10.1080/09537100701507619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Huang CY, Hung LF, Liang CCT, Ho LJ. COX-2 and iNOS are critical in advanced glycation end product-activated chondrocytes in vitro. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39:417-28. [PMID: 19371268 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in joints of osteoarthritis patients. This study aimed to investigate the roles of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathways in AGE-mediated cartilage damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylglyoxal-modified albumin was used as the source of AGE. Porcine and human chondrocytes were prepared from the joint cartilage of pigs and osteoarthritis patients. The activation of COX-2, iNOS, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) and protein kinases was determined by Western blotting, kinase assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or transfection assay. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and NO concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Griess reaction respectively. The enzymatic activity of COX was determined by measuring the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE(2). The release of sulphated glycosaminoglycan and the intensity of Safranin O staining were used to measure cartilage degradation. RESULTS AGE potently induced COX-2-PGE(2) and iNOS-NO activation in porcine and human chondrocytes. Meanwhile, the upstream molecules regulating COX-2/iNOS activation, such as AP-1, NF-kappaB, extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), were activated by AGE. Although AGE could not activate p38 directly, by measuring COX enzyme activity, the inhibition of p38 resulted in suppressing AGE-induced conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE(2). Furthermore, successful blockage of either COX-2 or NOS activity significantly reduced AGE-mediated proteoglycan release and cartilage degradation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the significance of COX-2 and iNOS pathways in AGE-mediated OA pathogenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets that are beyond pain killing for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Huang
- National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
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26
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Kuo PC, Kao CH, Chen JK. Glycated type 1 collagen induces endothelial dysfunction in culture. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2007; 43:338-43. [PMID: 17912594 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-007-9058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced protein glycation is thought to be implicated in the diabetic vasculopathy. In this study, we cultured vascular endothelial cells on native or glycated collagen matrix and compared their growth and functional characteristics. At lower plating density, the cells grew equally well on both substrata; however, at higher planting density, the cells plated on glycated collagen grew slower and reached a lower confluent density compared to that of the native collagen-based cultures. Confluent cell layers formed on glycated collagen exhibited a lower diffusion barrier function and a less response to epidermal growth factor stimulated prostacyclin production, compared to their native collagen-cultured counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ching Kuo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
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Soltész Z, Tábi T, Halász AS, Pálfi M, Kocsis E, Magyar K, Tóth M, Szökö E. Studies on the insulinomimetic effects of benzylamine, exogenous substrate of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase enzyme in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:851-5. [PMID: 17431735 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase/vascular adhesion protein-1 (SSAO) is believed to be a bifunctional membrane protein. It is localized extracellularly and preferentially oxidizes short chain primary amines to aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia, but also functions as an adhesion molecule, which is involved in leukocyte migration. Serum SSAO activity is increased in diabetic patients and animals and the aldehydes formed in the enzyme reaction may contribute to vascular damage. However, administration of exogenous substrates has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and reduce hyperglycaemia in diabetic animals. Hydrogen peroxide and/or its vanadate complexes have been suggested responsible for these effects. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were treated with benzylamine (BZA) +/- vanadate (V) or insulin. In contrast to insulin, BZA + V treatment did not reduce HbA(1C) levels. However, it reduced the elevated serum SSAO activity, decreased the accumulation of advanced-glycation end products and increased the bioavailability of nitric oxide in diabetic animals, similarly to insulin. BZA alone did not affect any of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zs Soltész
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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28
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Zhang X, Ma Y, Liu H, de Sa PFG, Brown PR, Dain JA. Monitoring the formation of Maillard reaction products of glucosamine with fibrinogen and human serum albumin using capillary electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 2004; 325:255-9. [PMID: 14751260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2003.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Formation of Maillard reaction products (MRP) of glucosamine (GlcN) with fibrinogen and human serum albumin (HSA), under simulated physiological conditions, was detected by fluorescence (excitation/emission: 340/420 nm) and UV/Vis (max. 275 nm) spectroscopy. The application of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated the generation of high-molecular-weight fibrinogen and HSA MRP by GlcN. A simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis method was developed to separate MRP formed by the reaction of GlcN with proteins from GlcN autocondensation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Jakas A, Horvat S. Study of degradation pathways of Amadori compounds obtained by glycation of opioid pentapeptide and related smaller fragments: stability, reactions, and spectroscopic properties. Biopolymers 2003; 69:421-31. [PMID: 12879488 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Reactions between biological amines and reducing sugars (the Maillard reaction) are among the most important of the chemical and oxidative changes occurring in biological systems that contribute to the formation of a complex family of rearranged and dehydrated covalent adducts that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases. In this study, chemistry of the Maillard reactions was studied in four model systems containing fructosamines (Amadori compounds) obtained from the endogenous opioid pentapeptide leucine-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu), leucine-enkephalin methyl ester, structurally related tripeptide (Tyr-Gly-Gly), or from amino acid (Tyr). The degradation of model compounds as well as their ability to develop Maillard fluorescence was investigated under oxidative conditions in methanol and phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at two different temperatures (37 and 70 degrees C). At 37 degrees C, glycated leucine-enkephalin degraded slowly in methanol (t(1/2) approximately 13 days) and phosphate buffer (t(1/2) approximately 9 days), producing a parent peptide compound as a major product throughout a three-week incubation period. Whereas fluorescence slowly increased over time at 37 degrees C, incubations off all studied Amadori compounds at 70 degrees C resulted in a rapid appearance of a brown color and sharp increase in AGE (advanced glycation end products)-associated fluorescence (excitation 320 nm/emmision 420 nm) as well as in distinctly higher amounts of fragmentation products. The obtained data indicated that the shorter the peptide chain the more degradation products were formed. These studies have also helped to identify a new chemical transformation of the peptide backbone in the Maillard reaction that lead to beta-scission of N-terminal tyrosine side chain and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde formation under both aqueous and nonaqueous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Jakas
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rudjer Bosković Institute, P. O. B. 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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30
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Meli M, Granouillet OR, Reynaud E, Chamson LA, Frey J, Perier C. Changes in glycation of fibrous type I collagen during long-term in vitro incubation with glucose. JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 2003; 22:521-5. [PMID: 14703985 DOI: 10.1023/b:jopc.0000005501.48719.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The course of glycation of calf skin fibrous type I collagen was monitored in vitro under physiological conditions during an 8-week incubation period in order to take into account the long half-life of this protein. The formation of glycated compounds was measured by determining fructosamine, pentosidine, and carboxymethyllysine content. The incubation conditions were as physiological as possible in sterile saline phosphate buffer, except glucose concentration. With incubation medium containing 200 mmol glucose, fibrous collagen underwent solubilization; in addition an increase in fructosamine, pentosidine, and carboxymethyllysine content in both solubilized and remaining insoluble collagen was noticed. There was a spontaneous, restricted, and time-dependent native glycated state of collagen; high concentration glucose enhanced the formation of glycated compounds and induced changes in solubility and glycoxidated products. The production of pentosidine during incubation without glucose should be considered as an event resulting from the initial fructosamine. Whereas the production of carboxymethyllysine during long-term incubation with glucose provided indirect proof of an additional oxidative process after early glycated product formation. These experimental observations provide insight into the in vivo context of advanced glycation end product formation in chronic hyperglycemia and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meli
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
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García-García JA, Mira JA, Fernández-Rivera J, Ramos AJ, Vargas J, Macías J, Pineda JA. Influence of hepatitis C virus coinfection on failure of HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy to achieve normal serum beta2microglobulin levels. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2003; 22:194-6. [PMID: 12649720 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-003-0888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection on the kinetics of serum beta2microglobulin levels in HIV-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy was analyzed. After 96 weeks of therapy, beta2microglobulin levels declined significantly both in 24 HCV seronegative and 16 HCV-infected individuals. Throughout the follow-up period, HCV-infected patients showed higher beta2microglobulin values than non-HCV-infected patients. These results show that HCV infection precludes immune deactivation in HIV-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A García-García
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Carretera de Cádiz s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain
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Jing H, Kitts DD. Chemical and biochemical properties of casein-sugar Maillard reaction products. Food Chem Toxicol 2002; 40:1007-15. [PMID: 12065223 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Maillard reaction (MR) involves the condensation reaction between amino acids or proteins with reducing sugars, which occurs commonly in food processing and storage. The Maillard reaction of Glc-, Fru- and Rib-casein was generated at 55 degrees C, pH 7.0 for up to 28 days. The browning and fluorescence of Glc- and Fru-casein increased with increasing heating time. The temporal development of browning and fluorescence of Rib-casein was relatively faster than Glc- and Fru-casein, respectively. Glc-, Fru- and Rib-casein all exhibited antioxidant activity against Fenton reactant-induced hydroxyl free radicals, while only Rib-casein exhibited a weak DPPH free radical scavenging in addition to preventing Fenton reactant-induced oxidation. It was suggested that casein-sugar MRPs work more efficiently to quench hydrophilic than hydrophobic radicals. All three MRPs showed no toxicity to Caco-2 cell at both low and high concentrations. There was no correlation between the browning and/or fluorescence temporal patterns and biochemical activity of the different sugar-casein generated MRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jing
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of the Agricultural Sciences, 6650 NW Marine Drive, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z4
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Nielsen M, Clausen J. Chemical tests as alternatives to animal tests in research on late symptoms in diabetes. Altern Lab Anim 2002; 30:341-8. [PMID: 12106013 DOI: 10.1177/026119290203000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycation reactions, such as those seen in late diabetes, can be mimicked in purely chemical systems. The glycation is time-dependent, and in in vitro systems it can continue for days. Ascorbate seems to enhance the reactions. The reactions are associated with free-radical formation through transformation of an Amadori product to (deoxy-)glycoson, catalysed by heavy metals. Ascorbate enhances the reaction by a factor of 5-10 compared with in vitro systems without ascorbate. In vitro systems containing bovine serum albumin retard the formation of free-radicals, because of the formation of advanced glycation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Nielsen
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Roskilde University, 400 Roskilde, Denmark
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Zilin S, Naifeng L, Bicheng L, Jiping W. The determination of AGE-peptides by flow injection assay, a practical marker of diabetic nephropathy. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 313:69-75. [PMID: 11694241 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has suggested that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) might play a central role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Serum AGEs concentration may serve as a useful marker for monitoring pathological processes and progression of diabetic complications. METHODS A flow injection assay (FIA) system was developed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect low molecular mass AGEs (AGE-peptides, AGE-P). Serum from diabetic patients (n=126), normal controls (n=54) and diabetic mice (n=20) and matched controls (n=20) were collected. RESULTS The coefficient of variance for intra-assay and inter-assay were 1.2% and 6.3%, respectively. The range of recoveries was 94.9-101.9%. The serum AGE-P concentration was significantly increased both in diabetic patients (2.976+/-0.247 vs. 1.385+/-0.131 U/ml, P<0.0001) and mice (6.71+/-0.50 vs. 2.49+/-0.10 U/ml, P<0.0001) than their respective controls. Concentration of AGE-P was positively correlated with serum creatinine (Scr) (r=0.7133, P<0.0001), 24-h urinary protein (24-h UPro) (r=0.8704, P<0.0001) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (r=0.5989, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that FIA might be a reliable method for measuring the serum AGE-P. Furthermore, our results supported the notion that AGE-P might be a valuable marker for predicting the severity of diabetic nephropathy (DN).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zilin
- Division of Endocrinology, ZhongDa Hospital, Southeast University, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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Randoux C, Gillery P, Georges N, Lavaud S, Chanard J. Filtration of native and glycated beta2-microglobulin by charged and neutral dialysis membranes. Kidney Int 2001; 60:1571-7. [PMID: 11576375 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been postulated that protein glycation and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) are among toxic factors in chronic uremia, whether the renal disease is of diabetic or nondiabetic origin. In this setting, AGE-modified beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) may favor dialysis beta2m-related dialysis amyloidosis. Consequently, efficient removal of modified beta2m by highly permeable dialysis membranes is as important as removal of native beta2m to postpone the development of dialysis amyloidosis. METHODS To define the role of dialysis membrane surface electronegativity on plasma protein transfer, an in vitro model was used to test the interactions of native and glycated beta2m with various highly permeable dialysis membranes. An experimental circuit with minidialyzers was used. The neutral high-flux polysulfone membrane (PS), the electronegative polymethylmetacrylate membrane (PMMA), the electronegative AN69 membrane and a modified AN69 membrane, the surface of which was neutralized with polyethyleneimine (AN69-PEI), were tested using both native beta2m and the more acidic glycated beta2m. Protein mass transfer and binding to the membrane were measured. RESULTS Mass transfer of glycated beta2m was significantly decreased through all membranes tested when compared with native beta2m. This result was due to the increased molecular weight of beta2m, which became less permeable to porous membranes, whereas adsorption of both native and glycated beta2m to membranes, due to ionic interactions, decreased similarly with AN69 and AN69-PEI, but remained unchanged with PS and PMMA. Moreover, surface neutralization of AN69 membrane did not alter its core binding capacity, since beta2m absorption accounted for 98 and 97% and glycated beta2m for 83.7 and 81.4% of the protein removed with AN69 and AN69-PEI, respectively. CONCLUSION Clearance of glycated beta2m through highly permeable neutral and negatively charged membranes was lower than that of native beta2m, reflecting a decreased sieving coefficient for the neoformed higher molecular weight and conformationally altered molecule. The binding capacity of the neutral PS was roughly half that of the charged membranes. Neutralizing surface electronegativity of the AN69 membrane with PEI did not alter its binding capacity. These results suggest that it would be useful for dialysis protocols to include comparative studies of both serum native and modified beta2m in order to prevent beta2m-amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Randoux
- Service de Néphrologie and Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Reims, France
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Cohen G, Rudnicki M, Walter F, Niwa T, Hörl WH. Glucose-modified proteins modulate essential functions and apoptosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12:1264-1271. [PMID: 11373351 DOI: 10.1681/asn.v1261264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Any modulation of the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) is a potential cause of the altered immune response in uremia. Because the level of glycation products is elevated in uremic sera and peritoneal effluents, the effect of glycated proteins on essential functions and on apoptosis of PMNL was investigated. Proteins from sera of healthy donors were incubated with and without glucose. The extent of early glycation was monitored by boronate chromatography and the fructosamine assay. The formation of late glycation products was assessed by fluorescence spectroscopy and Western blotting that used a specific antibody for imidazolone, a late glycation product. With the addition of aminoguanidine, a compound that inhibits the formation of late but not of early glycation products, protein samples with early glycation only were obtained. Glucose-modified proteins increased chemotaxis and activation of the 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake of PMNL obtained from healthy donors, compared with those of unmodified proteins. PMNL apoptosis, assessed by morphologic changes, by detecting DNA strand breaks, and by measurement of the caspase 3 activity, was increased in the presence of glucose-modified serum proteins. It was found that the formation of late glycation products is necessary for the effect on PMNL chemotaxis. In contrast, early glycation of proteins is responsible for the increase of glucose uptake and apoptosis. It was concluded that the accumulation of glycated proteins in uremic sera and peritoneal fluid may contribute to the diminished immune function observed in uremia, by modulation of essential PMNL functions and acceleration of PMNL apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Rudnicki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Walter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Toshimitsu Niwa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University Branch Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Walter H Hörl
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Ramamurthy B, Höök P, Larsson L. An overview of carbohydrate-protein interactions with specific reference to myosin and ageing. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1999; 167:327-9. [PMID: 10632635 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.1999.00623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycosylation (glycation), a post-translational modification of proteins, results from the reaction of proteins with reducing sugars. Glycation is implicated in various pathologies like diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and it has been suggested to play an important role in the ageing process. Research on protein glycation has primarily studied extracellular proteins such as albumin, haemoglobin and collagen. However, there is increasing evidence that intracellular proteins may also be affected by glycation, and glycation of myosin is reported to decrease myosin ATPase activity. Glycated adducts are detected by various techniques such as chromatography, electrophoresis, fluorescence and immunochemistry. Inhibition or removal of these adducts has been achieved by chemical compounds such as aminoguanidine (amG), beta-mercaptoethanol (bME) and N-phenacylthiazolium bromide (PTB). In the present pilot study, using a novel in vitro motility assay, we have observed an attenuation in the motility speed of actin (approximately 13%) on myosin extracted from single muscle fibre segments after 15-min glucose incubation. Addition of bME to the incubation medium maintained actin motility speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ramamurthy
- Noll Physiological Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Miksík I, Deyl Z. Post-translational non-enzymatic modification of proteins. II. Separation of selected protein species after glycation and other carbonyl-mediated modifications. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 699:311-45. [PMID: 9392381 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
There are two strategies applicable to revealing non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins; while assaying of the hydrolytically stable adducts was the subject of our previous communication [1], here we attempted to review separation technologies for the unfragmented modified proteins. There are a few standard procedures used for this purpose, namely Laemmli gel electrophoresis, different modes of gel permeation chromatography and boronate affinity chromatography. The latter approach makes use of the vicinal hydroxy groups present in glycated proteins. Some (but not all) arising adducts exhibit typical fluorescence which can be exploited for detection. In most cases fluorescence is measured at 370/440 nm for the so-called advanced glycation products or at 335/385 nm for the only so far well characterized glycation marker (pentosidine). Some indication exists that, e.g., synchronous fluorescence detection will probably in the future add to the selectivity and allow the distinction of the different adducts arising during non-enzymatic post-translational modifications (glycation). The proteins reviewed are serum albumin, collagen and lens proteins while glycation of hemoglobin is the subject of another review within the present volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Miksík
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague
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Deyl Z, Miks̆ík I, Zicha J, Jelínková D. Reversed-phase chromatography of pentosidine-containing CNBr peptides from collagen. Anal Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(97)00121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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