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Bisht D, Salave S, Desai N, Gogoi P, Rana D, Biswal P, Sarma G, Benival D, Kommineni N, Desai D. Genome editing and its role in vaccine, diagnosis, and therapeutic advancement. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131802. [PMID: 38670178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Genome editing involves precise modification of specific nucleotides in the genome using nucleases like CRISPR/Cas, ZFN, or TALEN, leading to increased efficiency of homologous recombination (HR) for gene editing, and it can result in gene disruption events via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-driven repair (HDR). Genome editing, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, revolutionizes vaccine development by enabling precise modifications of pathogen genomes, leading to enhanced vaccine efficacy and safety. It allows for tailored antigen optimization, improved vector design, and deeper insights into host genes' impact on vaccine responses, ultimately enhancing vaccine development and manufacturing processes. This review highlights different types of genome editing methods, their associated risks, approaches to overcome the shortcomings, and the diverse roles of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanker Bisht
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Bareilly, India
| | - Sagar Salave
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Nimeet Desai
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Purnima Gogoi
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin and Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Dhwani Rana
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Prachurya Biswal
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bihar Animal Sciences University, Kishanganj 855115, Bihar, India
| | - Gautami Sarma
- College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Derajram Benival
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad 382355, Gujarat, India.
| | | | - Dhruv Desai
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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An L, Ji F, Zhao E, Liu Y, Liu Y. Measuring cell deformation by microfluidics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1214544. [PMID: 37434754 PMCID: PMC10331473 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1214544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is an increasingly popular method for studying cell deformation, with various applications in fields such as cell biology, biophysics, and medical research. Characterizing cell deformation offers insights into fundamental cell processes, such as migration, division, and signaling. This review summarizes recent advances in microfluidic techniques for measuring cellular deformation, including the different types of microfluidic devices and methods used to induce cell deformation. Recent applications of microfluidics-based approaches for studying cell deformation are highlighted. Compared to traditional methods, microfluidic chips can control the direction and velocity of cell flow by establishing microfluidic channels and microcolumn arrays, enabling the measurement of cell shape changes. Overall, microfluidics-based approaches provide a powerful platform for studying cell deformation. It is expected that future developments will lead to more intelligent and diverse microfluidic chips, further promoting the application of microfluidics-based methods in biomedical research, providing more effective tools for disease diagnosis, drug screening, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling An
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Fenglong Ji
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Enming Zhao
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
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3
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Afewerki S, Stocco TD, Rosa da Silva AD, Aguiar Furtado AS, Fernandes de Sousa G, Ruiz-Esparza GU, Webster TJ, Marciano FR, Strømme M, Zhang YS, Lobo AO. In vitro high-content tissue models to address precision medicine challenges. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 91:101108. [PMID: 35987701 PMCID: PMC9384546 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The field of precision medicine allows for tailor-made treatments specific to a patient and thereby improve the efficiency and accuracy of disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and at the same time would reduce the cost, redundant treatment, and side effects of current treatments. Here, the combination of organ-on-a-chip and bioprinting into engineering high-content in vitro tissue models is envisioned to address some precision medicine challenges. This strategy could be employed to tackle the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has made a significant impact and paradigm shift in our society. Nevertheless, despite that vaccines against COVID-19 have been successfully developed and vaccination programs are already being deployed worldwide, it will likely require some time before it is available to everyone. Furthermore, there are still some uncertainties and lack of a full understanding of the virus as demonstrated in the high number new mutations arising worldwide and reinfections of already vaccinated individuals. To this end, efficient diagnostic tools and treatments are still urgently needed. In this context, the convergence of bioprinting and organ-on-a-chip technologies, either used alone or in combination, could possibly function as a prominent tool in addressing the current pandemic. This could enable facile advances of important tools, diagnostics, and better physiologically representative in vitro models specific to individuals allowing for faster and more accurate screening of therapeutics evaluating their efficacy and toxicity. This review will cover such technological advances and highlight what is needed for the field to mature for tackling the various needs for current and future pandemics as well as their relevancy towards precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Afewerki
- Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, BOX 35, 751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thiago Domingues Stocco
- Bioengineering Program, Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University, 08230-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Unicamp - State University of Campinas, 13083-877, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André Sales Aguiar Furtado
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Fernandes de Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Guillermo U. Ruiz-Esparza
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University ‑ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas J. Webster
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil,Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Maria Strømme
- Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, BOX 35, 751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University ‑ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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4
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Odoh CK, Guo X, Arnone JT, Wang X, Zhao ZK. The role of NAD and NAD precursors on longevity and lifespan modulation in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biogerontology 2022; 23:169-199. [PMID: 35260986 PMCID: PMC8904166 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular causes of aging and longevity interventions have witnessed an upsurge in the last decade. The resurgent interests in the application of small molecules as potential geroprotectors and/or pharmacogenomics point to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its precursors, nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide, nicotinamide, and nicotinic acid as potentially intriguing molecules. Upon supplementation, these compounds have shown to ameliorate aging related conditions and possibly prevent death in model organisms. Besides being a molecule essential in all living cells, our understanding of the mechanism of NAD metabolism and its regulation remain incomplete owing to its omnipresent nature. Here we discuss recent advances and techniques in the study of chronological lifespan (CLS) and replicative lifespan (RLS) in the model unicellular organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We then follow with the mechanism and biology of NAD precursors and their roles in aging and longevity. Finally, we review potential biotechnological applications through engineering of microbial lifespan, and laid perspective on the promising candidature of alternative redox compounds for extending lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuks Kenneth Odoh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - James T Arnone
- Department of Biology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, 07470, USA
| | - Xueying Wang
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zongbao K Zhao
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Rd, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Xu CF, Chen GJ, Luo YL, Zhang Y, Zhao G, Lu ZD, Czarna A, Gu Z, Wang J. Rational designs of in vivo CRISPR-Cas delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:3-29. [PMID: 31759123 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas system initiated a revolution in genome editing when it was, for the first time, demonstrated success in the mammalian cells. Today, scientists are able to readily edit genomes, regulate gene transcription, engineer posttranscriptional events, and image nucleic acids using CRISPR-Cas-based tools. However, to efficiently transport CRISPR-Cas into target tissues/cells remains challenging due to many extra- and intra-cellular barriers, therefore largely limiting the applications of CRISPR-based therapeutics in vivo. In this review, we summarize the features of plasmid-, RNA- and ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-based CRISPR-Cas therapeutics. Then, we survey the current in vivo delivery systems. We specify the requirements for efficient in vivo delivery in clinical settings, and highlight both efficiency and safety for different CRISPR-Cas tools.
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Microfluidic and Microscale Assays to Examine Regenerative Strategies in the Neuro Retina. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121089. [PMID: 33316971 PMCID: PMC7763644 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineering systems have transformed scientific knowledge of cellular behaviors in the nervous system (NS) and pioneered innovative, regenerative therapies to treat adult neural disorders. Microscale systems with characteristic lengths of single to hundreds of microns have examined the development and specialized behaviors of numerous neuromuscular and neurosensory components of the NS. The visual system is comprised of the eye sensory organ and its connecting pathways to the visual cortex. Significant vision loss arises from dysfunction in the retina, the photosensitive tissue at the eye posterior that achieves phototransduction of light to form images in the brain. Retinal regenerative medicine has embraced microfluidic technologies to manipulate stem-like cells for transplantation therapies, where de/differentiated cells are introduced within adult tissue to replace dysfunctional or damaged neurons. Microfluidic systems coupled with stem cell biology and biomaterials have produced exciting advances to restore vision. The current article reviews contemporary microfluidic technologies and microfluidics-enhanced bioassays, developed to interrogate cellular responses to adult retinal cues. The focus is on applications of microfluidics and microscale assays within mammalian sensory retina, or neuro retina, comprised of five types of retinal neurons (photoreceptors, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, retinal ganglion) and one neuroglia (Müller), but excludes the non-sensory, retinal pigmented epithelium.
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Wen X, Ou Y, Zarick HF, Zhang X, Hmelo AB, Victor QJ, Paul EP, Slocik JM, Naik RR, Bellan LM, Lin EC, Bardhan R. PRADA: Portable Reusable Accurate Diagnostics with nanostar Antennas for multiplexed biomarker screening. Bioeng Transl Med 2020; 5:e10165. [PMID: 33005736 PMCID: PMC7510456 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise monitoring of specific biomarkers in biological fluids with accurate biodiagnostic sensors is critical for early diagnosis of diseases and subsequent treatment planning. In this work, we demonstrated an innovative biodiagnostic sensor, portable reusable accurate diagnostics with nanostar antennas (PRADA), for multiplexed biomarker detection in small volumes (~50 μl) enabled in a microfluidic platform. Here, PRADA simultaneously detected two biomarkers of myocardial infarction, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which is well accepted for cardiac disorders, and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which controls cardiac sympathetic drive. In PRADA immunoassay, magnetic beads captured the biomarkers in human serum samples, and gold nanostars (GNSs) "antennas" labeled with peptide biorecognition elements and Raman tags detected the biomarkers via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The peptide-conjugated GNS-SERS barcodes were leveraged to achieve high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0055 ng/ml of cTnI, and a LOD of 0.12 ng/ml of NPY comparable with commercially available test kits. The innovation of PRADA was also in the regeneration and reuse of the same sensor chip for ~14 cycles. We validated PRADA by testing cTnI in 11 de-identified cardiac patient samples of various demographics within a 95% confidence interval and high precision profile. We envision low-cost PRADA will have tremendous translational impact and be amenable to resource-limited settings for accurate treatment planning in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Yu‐Chuan Ou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Holly F. Zarick
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Anthony B. Hmelo
- Department of Physics and AstronomyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Quinton J. Victor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Eden P. Paul
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Joseph M. Slocik
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate and 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research LaboratoryWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Rajesh R. Naik
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate and 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research LaboratoryWright‐Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Leon M. Bellan
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Eugene C. Lin
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryNational Chung Cheng UniversityChiayiTaiwan
| | - Rizia Bardhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
- Nanovaccine InstituteIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
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Optical Etching to Pattern Microstructures on Plastics by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13092206. [PMID: 32403429 PMCID: PMC7254391 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We proposed and demonstrated an optical dry etching method for transferring a pattern on a photomask to a surface of plastics by decomposing the irradiated area using the high energy of vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV) at room temperature and pressure. Two kinds of wavelengths of 160 nm and 172 nm were used as the vacuum ultraviolet light, and the patterning performances for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polycarbonate (PC) were compared. As a result, it was revealed that proportional relationships were obtained between the etching rate and the irradiation dose for both wavelengths, and the cross-sectional profiles were anisotropic. In addition, both PMMA and PC were etched at a wavelength of 160 nm, whereas PC could not be etched at a wavelength of 172 nm, suggesting that it correlates with the bond dissociation energies of the molecular bonds of the materials and the energies of the photons. Furthermore, by combining this method with the optical bonding method that we had previously developed to bond surfaces irradiated with VUV, we have demonstrated a method for fabricating microfluidic devices by irradiating only with VUV. This paper shows that this technique is a new microfabrication method suitable for simple and mass production of plastic materials.
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Kong T, Shum HC, Weitz DA. The Fourth Decade of Microfluidics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000070. [PMID: 32133792 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ho Cheung Shum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - David A Weitz
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA
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Liu D, Wang J, Wu L, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Yang C. Trends in miniaturized biosensors for point-of-care testing. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Collective behaviors of Drosophila-derived retinal progenitors in controlled microenvironments. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226250. [PMID: 31835272 PMCID: PMC6910854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviors of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are critical to the development of neural networks needed for vision. Signaling cues and pathways governing retinal cell fate, migration, and functional organization are remarkably conserved across species, and have been well-studied using Drosophila melanogaster. However, the collective migration of heterogeneous groups of RPCs in response to dynamic signaling fields of development remains incompletely understood. This is in large part because the genetic advances of seminal invertebrate models have been poorly complemented by in vitro cell study of its visual development. Tunable microfluidic assays able to replicate the miniature cellular microenvironments of the developing visual system provide newfound opportunities to probe and expand our knowledge of collective chemotactic responses essential to visual development. Our project used a controlled, microfluidic assay to produce dynamic signaling fields of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) that stimulated the chemotactic migration of primary RPCs extracted from Drosophila. Results illustrated collective RPC chemotaxis dependent on average size of clustered cells, in contrast to the non-directional movement of individually-motile RPCs. Quantitative study of these diverse collective responses will advance our understanding of retina developmental processes, and aid study/treatment of inherited eye disease. Lastly, our unique coupling of defined invertebrate models with tunable microfluidic assays provides advantages for future quantitative and mechanistic study of varied RPC migratory responses.
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Pena CD, Zhang S, Majeska R, Venkatesh T, Vazquez M. Invertebrate Retinal Progenitors as Regenerative Models in a Microfluidic System. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101301. [PMID: 31652654 PMCID: PMC6829900 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative retinal therapies have introduced progenitor cells to replace dysfunctional or injured neurons and regain visual function. While contemporary cell replacement therapies have delivered retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) within customized biomaterials to promote viability and enable transplantation, outcomes have been severely limited by the misdirected and/or insufficient migration of transplanted cells. RPCs must achieve appropriate spatial and functional positioning in host retina, collectively, to restore vision, whereas movement of clustered cells differs substantially from the single cell migration studied in classical chemotaxis models. Defining how RPCs interact with each other, neighboring cell types and surrounding extracellular matrixes are critical to our understanding of retinogenesis and the development of effective, cell-based approaches to retinal replacement. The current article describes a new bio-engineering approach to investigate the migratory responses of innate collections of RPCs upon extracellular substrates by combining microfluidics with the well-established invertebrate model of Drosophila melanogaster. Experiments utilized microfluidics to investigate how the composition, size, and adhesion of RPC clusters on defined extracellular substrates affected migration to exogenous chemotactic signaling. Results demonstrated that retinal cluster size and composition influenced RPC clustering upon extracellular substrates of concanavalin (Con-A), Laminin (LM), and poly-L-lysine (PLL), and that RPC cluster size greatly altered collective migratory responses to signaling from Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), a primary chemotactic agent in Drosophila. These results highlight the significance of examining collective cell-biomaterial interactions on bio-substrates of emerging biomaterials to aid directional migration of transplanted cells. Our approach further introduces the benefits of pairing genetically controlled models with experimentally controlled microenvironments to advance cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline D Pena
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Stephanie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Robert Majeska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Tadmiri Venkatesh
- Department of Biology, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Maribel Vazquez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA.
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Lai X, Lu B, Zhang P, Zhang X, Pu Z, Yu H, Li D. Sticker Microfluidics: A Method for Fabrication of Customized Monolithic Microfluidics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6801-6810. [PMID: 33423473 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel strategy and an all-in-one toolbox that allows instrument-free customization of integrated microfluidic systems. Unlike the modular design of combining multiple microfluidic chips in the previous literature, this work, for the first time, proposes a "template sticker" method, in which sacrificial templates for microfluidic components are batch-produced in the form of standardized stickers and packaged into a toolbox. To create a customized monolithic microfluidic system, the end users only need to select and combine various template stickers following formulated steps. The fabricated microfluidic devices have well-defined microscale features, while the fabrication process is inexpensive and time-saving. Various functional microfluidic devices were fabricated and tested using this toolbox. The capability to create microchannels on curved surfaces is also demonstrated. As a proof of concept, we developed with the proposed toolbox a colorimetric testing platform for the detection of nitrite ions. The sticker toolbox, as the first self-contained portable platform for microfluidic fabrication, allows prompt customization of monolithic devices, enabling deployment of microfluidics with both ideal performance and customizability.
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14
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Ai Y, Zhang F, Wang C, Xie R, Liang Q. Recent progress in lab-on-a-chip for pharmaceutical analysis and pharmacological/toxicological test. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Jiang L, Li S, Zheng J, Li Y, Huang H. Recent Progress in Microfluidic Models of the Blood-Brain Barrier. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10060375. [PMID: 31195652 PMCID: PMC6630552 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical physical and chemical barrier that maintains brain homeostasis. Researchers in academia and industry are highly motivated to develop experimental models that can accurately mimic the physiological characteristics of the BBB. Microfluidic systems, which manipulate fluids at the micrometer scale, are ideal tools for simulating the BBB microenvironment. In this review, we summarized the progress in the design and evaluation of microfluidic in vitro BBB models, including advances in chip materials, porous membranes, the use of endothelial cells, the importance of shear stress, the detection specific markers to monitor tight junction formation and integrity, measurements of TEER and permeability. We also pointed out several shortcomings of the current microfluidic models. The purpose of this paper is to let the readers understand the characteristics of different types of model design, and select appropriate design parameters according to the research needs, so as to obtain the best experimental results. We believe that the microfluidics BBB models will play an important role in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jiang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Junsong Zheng
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Clinical and Military Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Mahmoudifard M, Vossoughi M, Soleimani M. Different types of electrospun nanofibers and their effect on microfluidic-based immunoassay. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matin Mahmoudifard
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB); Tehran Iran
| | - Manouchehr Vossoughi
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department; Sharif University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
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17
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Korin N, Sznitman J. Preface to Special Topic: Bio-Transport Processes and Drug Delivery in Physiological Micro-Devices. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:042101. [PMID: 30147816 PMCID: PMC6082667 DOI: 10.1063/1.5050428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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18
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Ali Z, Chandrasekera PC, Pippin JJ. Animal research for type 2 diabetes mellitus, its limited translation for clinical benefit, and the way forward. Altern Lab Anim 2018; 46:13-22. [PMID: 29553794 DOI: 10.1177/026119291804600101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have reached pandemic proportions worldwide, and considerable research efforts have been dedicated to investigating disease pathology and therapeutic options. The two hallmark features of T2DM, insulin resistance and pancreatic dysfunction, have been studied extensively by using various animal models. Despite the knowledge acquired from such models, particularly mechanistic discoveries that sometimes mimic human T2DM mechanisms or pathways, many details of human T2DM pathogenesis remain unknown, therapeutic options remain limited, and a cure has eluded research. Emerging human data have raised concern regarding inter-species differences at many levels (e.g. in gene regulation, pancreatic cytoarchitecture, glucose transport, and insulin secretion regulation), and the subsequent impact of these differences on the clinical translation of animal research findings. Therefore, it is important to recognise and address the translational gap between basic animal-based research and the clinical advances needed to prevent and treat T2DM. The purpose of this report is to identify some limitations of T2DM animal research, and to propose how greater human relevance and applicability of hypothesis-driven basic T2DM research could be achieved through the use of human-based data acquisition at various biological levels. This report addresses how in vitro, in vivo and in silico technologies could be used to investigate particular aspects of human glucose regulation. We do not propose that T2DM animal research has been without value in the identification of mechanisms, pathways, or potential targets for therapies, nor do we claim that human-based methods can provide all the answers. We recognise that the ultimate goal of T2DM animal research is to identify ways to advance the prevention, recognition and treatment of T2DM in humans, but postulate that this is where the use of animal models falls short, despite decades of effort. The best way to achieve this goal is by prioritising human-centred research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ali
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - John J Pippin
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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19
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Behzadi S, Vatan NM, Lema K, Nwaobasi D, Zenkov I, Abadi PPSS, Khan DA, Corbo C, Aghaverdi H, Farokhzad OC, Mahmoudi M. Flat Cell Culturing Surface May Cause Misinterpretation of Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahed Behzadi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Naazanene M. Vatan
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Kevin Lema
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Dike Nwaobasi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Ilia Zenkov
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Parisa P. S. S. Abadi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Daid Ahmad Khan
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Claudia Corbo
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Haniyeh Aghaverdi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Omid C. Farokhzad
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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20
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Khan SM, Gumus A, Nassar JM, Hussain MM. CMOS Enabled Microfluidic Systems for Healthcare Based Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705759. [PMID: 29484725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
With the increased global population, it is more important than ever to expand accessibility to affordable personalized healthcare. In this context, a seamless integration of microfluidic technology for bioanalysis and drug delivery and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology enabled data-management circuitry is critical. Therefore, here, the fundamentals, integration aspects, and applications of CMOS-enabled microfluidic systems for affordable personalized healthcare systems are presented. Critical components, like sensors, actuators, and their fabrication and packaging, are discussed and reviewed in detail. With the emergence of the Internet-of-Things and the upcoming Internet-of-Everything for a people-process-data-device connected world, now is the time to take CMOS-enabled microfluidics technology to as many people as possible. There is enormous potential for microfluidic technologies in affordable healthcare for everyone, and CMOS technology will play a major role in making that happen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherjeel M Khan
- Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications (IDEA) Lab, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdurrahman Gumus
- Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications (IDEA) Lab, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Joanna M Nassar
- Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications (IDEA) Lab, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad M Hussain
- Integrated Nanotechnology Lab and Integrated Disruptive Electronic Applications (IDEA) Lab, Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Liu Z, Han X, Zhou Q, Chen R, Fruge S, Jo MC, Ma Y, Li Z, Yokoi K, Qin L. Integrated Microfluidic System for Gene Silencing and Cell Migration. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 1:1700054. [PMID: 28890929 PMCID: PMC5589337 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis involves the phenotype transition of cancer cells to gain invasiveness, and the following migration at the tumor site. Here an integrated microfluidic chip to study this process is presented by combining on-chip delivery of siRNA for gene silencing and cell migration assay. The major advantage of the integrated chip is the simple input of cells and gene transfection materials, and the ultimate output of migration ability. The reverse-fishbone structure and 0.7× phosphate-buffered saline solution are the optimized parameters for improved delivery efficiency. Using the chip, it is validated that cofilin plays an essential role in regulating cancer cell migration. The integrated chip may provide a simple and effective platform for biologists to easily check the role of specific genes in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbin Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 540150, China
| | - Shelby Fruge
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Myeong Chan Jo
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ziyin Li
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenji Yokoi
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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22
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Kamei KI, Koyama Y, Tokunaga Y, Mashimo Y, Yoshioka M, Fockenberg C, Mosbergen R, Korn O, Wells C, Chen Y. Characterization of Phenotypic and Transcriptional Differences in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells under 2D and 3D Culture Conditions. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2951-2958. [PMID: 27775225 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for applications in drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Microfluidic technology is a promising approach for creating artificial microenvironments; however, although a proper 3D microenvironment is required to achieve robust control of cellular phenotypes, most current microfluidic devices provide only 2D cell culture and do not allow tuning of physical and chemical environmental cues simultaneously. Here, the authors report a 3D cellular microenvironment plate (3D-CEP), which consists of a microfluidic device filled with thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-β-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel (HG), which enables systematic tuning of both chemical and physical environmental cues as well as in situ cell monitoring. The authors show that H9 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and 253G1 human induced pluripotent stem cells in the HG/3D-CEP system maintain their pluripotent marker expression under HG/3D-CEP self-renewing conditions. Additionally, global gene expression analyses are used to elucidate small variations among different test environments. Interestingly, the authors find that treatment of H9 hESCs under HG/3D-CEP self-renewing conditions results in initiation of entry into the neural differentiation process by induction of PAX3 and OTX1 expression. The authors believe that this HG/3D-CEP system will serve as a versatile platform for developing targeted functional cell lines and facilitate advances in drug screening and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichiro Kamei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Yoshie Koyama
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Yumie Tokunaga
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mashimo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Momoko Yoshioka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Christopher Fockenberg
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
| | - Rowland Mosbergen
- Australia Institute for Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AIBN); University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia
| | - Othmar Korn
- Australia Institute for Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AIBN); University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Christine Wells
- Australia Institute for Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AIBN); University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia
| | - Yong Chen
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 6068501 Japan
- Ecole Normale Supérieure; CNRS-ENS-UPMC UMR 8640; 24 Rue L'homond Paris 75005 France
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23
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Jo MC, Qin L. Microfluidic Platforms for Yeast-Based Aging Studies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:5787-5801. [PMID: 27717149 PMCID: PMC5554731 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a powerful model for the study of aging and has enabled significant contributions to our understanding of basic mechanisms of aging in eukaryotic cells. However, the laborious low-throughput nature of conventional methods of performing aging assays limits the pace of discoveries in this field. Some of the technical challenges of conventional aging assay methods can be overcome by use of microfluidic systems coupled to time-lapse microscopy. One of the major advantages is the ability of a microfluidic system to perform long-term cell culture under well-defined environmental conditions while tracking individual yeast. Here, recent advancements in microfluidic platforms for various yeast-based studies including replicative lifespan assay, long-term culture and imaging, gene expression, and cell signaling are discussed. In addition, emerging problems and limitations of current microfluidic approaches are examined and perspectives on the future development of this dynamic field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Chan Jo
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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