1
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Liu B, Liu Q, Feng J. Operando Colorations from Real-Time Growth of 3D-Printed Nanoarchitectures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404977. [PMID: 38899985 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
While artificial 3D nanostructures can generate precise and flexible coloration, their real-time color changes during 3D nanoprinting remain unexplored owing to the inherent challenges of in situ transient measurements and observations. In this study, a 3D-printing system which supports the operando observation/measurement of the color dynamics of subwavelength metallic nanoarchitectures fabricated in real time is developed and evaluated. During 3D printing, the dimensions and geometries of the 3D nanostructures grow over time, producing a large library of optical spectra associated with real-time color changes. Only a timer is needed to define the expected colors from a single 3D print run. Fin-like nanostructures are used to toggle colors based on the polarization effect and produce color gradients. Based on structural coloration, nanoarchitectures are designed and printed to animate desired color patterns. Moreover, the resulting color dynamics can also serve as an operando identifier for real-time structural information during 3D nanoprinting. A single print run enables the efficient creation of a comprehensive library of desired colorations owing to the flexibility in time-dependent controllability and 3D geometries at the subwavelength scale. 3D nanoprinted plasmonic structures exhibiting time-varying colorations (4D printing of colors) uniquely redefines the coloring stategy, offering considerable potential for numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qiling Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jicheng Feng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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2
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Li S, Yang C, Liu Y, Wang G. Preparation of multi-colored binary silica supraballs and color fine-tuning based on color mixing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 245:114273. [PMID: 39357387 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Structural colors are highly valued for their eco-friendliness and long-term color stability, deriving from the interaction of structural units with incident light. However, traditional methods for adjusting structural colors typically involve altering the size of structural units, a labor-intensive process necessitating specific diameters for each desired color. Moreover, colors exhibited by photonic crystal materials are monochromatic colors with a narrow wavelength range, failing to exhibit polychromatic colors. This restricts their practical applications, as they do not accurately represent the actual color of objects themselves. Hence, this study focuses on fabricating binary supraballs can display polychromatic colors. These supraballs consist of two types of structural units with distinct diameter differences. By adjusting the mass ratio between these units within the supraballs, fine color tuning is achievable. Utilizing three different diameters of silica nanospheres, this method enables the fabrication of supraballs with a diverse range of colors spanning nearly the entire visible spectrum. The adjustable colors of these binary supraballs not only enhance their ability to replicate the colors of objects, but also reduce the significant workload involved in preparing the original structural units. The synthesized supraballs are in powder form, directly applicable as coatings, inks, and other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China
| | - Chuncheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Guoyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, PR China.
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3
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Xie X, Huang Y, Yang Z, Li A, Zhang X. Diatom Cribellum-Inspired Hierarchical Metamaterials: Unifying Perfect Absorption Toward Subwavelength Color Printing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403304. [PMID: 38861697 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Diatom exoskeletons, known as frustules, exhibit a unique multilayer structure that has attracted considerable attention across interdisciplinary research fields as a source of biomorphic inspiration. These frustules possess a hierarchical porous structure, ranging from millimeter-scale foramen pores to nanometer-scale cribellum pores. In this study, this natural template for nanopattern design is leveraged to showcase metamaterials that integrates perfect absorption and subwavelength color printing. The cribellum-inspired hierarchical nanopatterns, organized in a hexagonal unit cell with a periodicity of 300 nm, are realized through a single-step electron beam lithography process. By employing numerical models, it is uncovered that an additional induced collective dipole mode is the key mechanism responsible for achieving outstanding performance in absorption, reaching up to 99%. Analysis of the hierarchical organization reveals that variations in nanoparticle diameter and inter-unit-cell distance lead to shifts and broadening of the resonance peaks. It is also demonstrated that the hierarchical nanopatterns are capable of color reproduction with high uniformity and fidelity, serving as hexagonal pixels for high-resolution color printing. These cribellum-inspired metamaterials offer a novel approach to multifunctional metamaterial design, presenting aesthetic potential applications in the development of robotics and wearable electronic devices, such as smart skin or surface coatings integrated with energy harvesting functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Xie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yuwei Huang
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Aobo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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4
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Yoon J, Jung C, Kim J, Rho J, Lee H. Chemically and geometrically programmable photoreactive polymers for transformational humidity-sensitive full-color devices. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6470. [PMID: 39085253 PMCID: PMC11292010 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Humidity-sensitive structural color has emerged as a promising technology due to its numerous advantages that include fast response, intuitiveness, stand-alone capability, non-toxicity, as well as resistance to thermal and chemical stresses. Despite immense technological advancements, these structural colors lack the ability to present independent multiple images through transformation. Herein, we present an approach to address this constraint by introducing a chemically and geometrically programmable photoreactive polymer which allows preparation of transformational humidity-sensitive full-color devices. Utilizing azido-grafted carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-N3) allows adjustments in swelling properties based on the grafting ratio (Γ) of azido groups upon UV-induced crosslinking. Also, the distinctive photo-curability of the polymer enables precise geometric control to achieve vivid colors in combination with disordered plasmonic cavities. Our work culminates in the development of an advanced anti-counterfeiting multiplexer capable of displaying different full-color images with variation in humidity levels. The showcased color displays signify pivotal breakthroughs in tunable optical technologies, illustrating how chemical modifications in hydrogels provides additional degrees of freedom in the design of advanced optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsun Yoon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunghwan Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyomin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Liang T, Li Z, Bai Y, Yin Y. Dichroic switching of core-shell plasmonic nanoparticles on reflective surfaces. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20210234. [PMID: 38939865 PMCID: PMC11189573 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic metal nanostructures can simultaneously scatter and absorb light, with resonance wavelength and strength depending on their morphology and composition. This work demonstrates that unique dichroic effects and high-contrast colour-switching can be achieved by leveraging the resonant scattering and absorption of light by plasmonic nanostructures and the specular reflection of the resulting transmitted light. Using core/shell nanostructures comprising a metal core and a dielectric shell, we show that their spray coating on reflective substrates produces dichroic films that can display colour switching at different viewing angles. The high-contrast colour switching, high flexibility in designing multicolour patterns, and convenience for large-scale production promise their wide range of applications, including anticounterfeiting, mechanochromic sensing, colour display, and printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional MaterialsSchool of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yaocai Bai
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
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6
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Tran TT, Lee Y, Roy S, Tran TU, Kim Y, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Milošević MV, Lim SC, Chaves A, Jang JI, Kim J. Synergetic Enhancement of Quantum Yield and Exciton Lifetime of Monolayer WS 2 by Proximal Metal Plate and Negative Electric Bias. ACS NANO 2024; 18:220-228. [PMID: 38127273 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of light emission is a critical performance factor for monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (1L-TMDs) for photonic applications. While various methods have been studied to compensate for lattice defects to improve the quantum yield (QY) of 1L-TMDs, exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) is still a major nonradiative decay channel for excitons at high exciton densities. Here, we demonstrate that the combined use of a proximal Au plate and a negative electric gate bias (NEGB) for 1L-WS2 provides a dramatic enhancement of the exciton lifetime at high exciton densities with the corresponding QY enhanced by 30 times and the EEA rate constant decreased by 80 times. The suppression of EEA by NEGB is attributed to the reduction of the defect-assisted EEA process, which we also explain with our theoretical model. Our results provide a synergetic solution to cope with EEA to realize high-intensity 2D light emitters using TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thu Tran
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shrawan Roy
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Uyen Tran
- Department of Smart Fab. Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbum Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Milorad V Milošević
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Seong Chu Lim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Fab. Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrey Chaves
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, C.P. 6030, 60455-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Joon I Jang
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyong Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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7
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Pratakshya P, Xu C, Dibble DJ, Mukazhanova A, Liu P, Burke AM, Kurakake R, Lopez R, Dennison PR, Sharifzadeh S, Gorodetsky AA. Octopus-inspired deception and signaling systems from an exceptionally-stable acene variant. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8528. [PMID: 38135683 PMCID: PMC10746719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional platforms that can dynamically modulate their color and appearance have attracted attention for applications as varied as displays, signaling, camouflage, anti-counterfeiting, sensing, biomedical imaging, energy conservation, and robotics. Within this context, the development of camouflage systems with tunable spectroscopic and fluorescent properties that span the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral regions has remained exceedingly challenging because of frequently competing materials and device design requirements. Herein, we draw inspiration from the unique blue rings of the Hapalochlaena lunulata octopus for the development of deception and signaling systems that resolve these critical challenges. As the active material, our actuator-type systems incorporate a readily-prepared and easily-processable nonacene-like molecule with an ambient-atmosphere stability that exceeds the state-of-the-art for comparable acenes by orders of magnitude. Devices from this active material feature a powerful and unique combination of advantages, including straightforward benchtop fabrication, competitive baseline performance metrics, robustness during cycling with the capacity for autonomous self-repair, and multiple dynamic multispectral operating modes. When considered together, the described exciting discoveries point to new scientific and technological opportunities in the areas of functional organic materials, reconfigurable soft actuators, and adaptive photonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeta Pratakshya
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chengyi Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David J Dibble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Aliya Mukazhanova
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Panyiming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Anthony M Burke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Reina Kurakake
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Robert Lopez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Philip R Dennison
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Sahar Sharifzadeh
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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8
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Shen S, Feng H, Deng Y, Xie S, Yi Z, Jin M, Zhou G, Mulvaney P, Shui L. A reflective display based on the electro-microfluidic assembly of particles within suppressed water-in-oil droplet array. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:290. [PMID: 38052798 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Reflective displays have stimulated considerable interest because of their friendly readability and low energy consumption. Herein, we develop a reflective display technique via an electro-microfluidic assembly of particles (eMAP) strategy whereby colored particles assemble into annular and planar structures inside a dyed water droplet to create "open" and "closed" states of a display pixel. Water-in-oil droplets are compressed within microwells to form a pixel array. The particles dispersed in droplets are driven by deformation-strengthened dielectrophoretic force to achieve fast and reversible motion and assemble into multiple structures. This eMAP based device can display designed information in three primary colors with ≥170° viewing angle, ~0.14 s switching time, and bistability with an optimized material system. This proposed technique demonstrates the basis of a high-performance and energy-saving reflective display, and the display speed and color quality could be further improved by structure and material optimization; exhibiting a potential reflective display technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Shen
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoqiang Feng
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueming Deng
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Xie
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichuan Yi
- School of Electronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, 528402, Zhongshan, China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Paul Mulvaney
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Lingling Shui
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System (LOTS), National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, 510006, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Wang Z, Zhang B, Wang Z, Zhang J, Kazansky PG, Tan D, Qiu J. 3D Imprinting of Voxel-Level Structural Colors in Lithium Niobate Crystal. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303256. [PMID: 37391205 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced coloration methods are of pivotal importance in science, technology, and engineering. However, 3D structural colors that are critical for emerging multidimensional information representation and recording are rarely achievable. Here, a facile voxel-level programmable 3D structural coloration in the bulk lithium niobate (LiNbO3 ) crystal is reported. This is achieved by engineering wavelength-selective interference between ordinary (O) and extraordinary (E) light in the crystal matrix. To induce effective phase contrast between O and E light for establishing the highly localized interference across the visible band, the presence of a pulse-internal-coupling effect is revealed in the single-pulse ultrafast laser-crystal interaction and an ultrafast-laser-induced micro-amorphization (MA) strategy is thus developed to manipulate local matrix structure. Consequently, micro-nanoscale colorful voxels can be fast inscribed into any spatial position of the crystal matrix in one step. It is demonstrated that the colors can be flexibly manipulated and quickly extracted in 3D space. Multidimensional MA-color data storage with large capacity, high writing and readout speed, long lifetime, and excellent stability under harsh conditions is achieved. The present principle enables multifunctional 3D structural coloration devices inside high-refractive-index transparent dielectrics and can serve as a general platform to innovate next-generation information optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ziquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Peter G Kazansky
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Dezhi Tan
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311100, China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jianrong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
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10
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Chen J, Song G, Cong S, Zhao Z. Resonant-Cavity-Enhanced Electrochromic Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300179. [PMID: 36929668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With rapid advances in optoelectronics, electrochromic materials and devices have received tremendous attentions from both industry and academia for their strong potentials in wearable and portable electronics, displays/billboards, adaptive camouflage, tunable optics, and intelligent devices, etc. However, conventional electrochromic materials and devices typically present some serious limitations such as undesirable dull colors, and long switching time, hindering their deeper development. Optical resonators have been proven to be the most powerful platform for providing strong optical confinement and controllable lightmatter interactions. They generate locally enhanced electromagnetic near-fields that can convert small refractive index changes in electrochromic materials into high-contrast color variations, enabling multicolor or even panchromatic tuning of electrochromic materials. Here, resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices, an advanced and emerging trend in electrochromics, are reviewed. In this review, w e will focus on the progress in multicolor electrochromic materials and devices based on different types of optical resonators and their advanced and emerging applications, including multichromatic displays, adaptive visible camouflage, visualized energy storage, and applications of multispectral tunability. Among these topics, principles of optical resonators, related materials/devices and multicolor electrochromic properties are comprehensively discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects for resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ge Song
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shan Cong
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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11
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Jiang C, Ge R, Bian C, Chen L, Wang X, Zheng Y, Xu G, Cai G, Xiao X. Multicolored inorganic electrochromic materials: status, challenge, and prospects. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15450-15471. [PMID: 37721398 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03192f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of advocacy for green and low-carbon development, electrochromism has attracted academic and industrial attention as an intelligent and energy-saving applied technology due to its optical switching behavior and its special principles of operation. Inorganic electrochromic materials, represented by transition metal oxides, are considered candidates for the next generation of large-scale electrochromic applied technologies due to their excellent stability. However, the limited color diversity and low color purity of these materials greatly restrict their development. Starting from the multicolor properties of inorganic electrochromic materials, this review systematically elaborates on recent progress in the aspects of the intrinsic multicolor of electrochromic materials, and structural multicolor based on the interaction between light and microstructure. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of inorganic electrochromic technology in the field of multicolor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Jiang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Ge
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenchen Bian
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lirong Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xingru Wang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guofa Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiudi Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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12
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Cai YY, Choi YC, Kagan CR. Chemical and Physical Properties of Photonic Noble-Metal Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2108104. [PMID: 34897837 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) are composed of metal cores and organic or inorganic ligand shells. These NPs support size- and shape-dependent plasmonic resonances. They can be assembled from dispersions into artificial metamolecules which have collective plasmonic resonances originating from coupled bright and dark optical electric and magnetic modes that form depending on the size and shape of the constituent NPs and their number, arrangement, and interparticle distance. NPs can also be assembled into extended 2D and 3D metamaterials that are glassy thin films or ordered thin films or crystals, also known as superlattices and supercrystals. The metamaterials have tunable optical properties that depend on the size, shape, and composition of the NPs, and on the number of NP layers and their interparticle distance. Interestingly, strong light-matter interactions in superlattices form plasmon polaritons. Tunable interparticle distances allow designer materials with dielectric functions tailorable from that characteristic of an insulator to that of a metal, and serve as strong optical absorbers or scatterers, respectively. In combination with lithography techniques, these extended assemblies can be patterned to create subwavelength NP superstructures and form large-area 2D and 3D metamaterials that manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of transmitted or reflected light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yu Cai
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yun Chang Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Cherie R Kagan
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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13
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Han JH, Kim D, Kim J, Kim G, Fischer P, Jeong HH. Plasmonic Nanostructure Engineering with Shadow Growth. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2107917. [PMID: 35332960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physical shadow growth is a vacuum deposition technique that permits a wide variety of 3D-shaped nanoparticles and structures to be fabricated from a large library of materials. Recent advances in the control of the shadow effect at the nanoscale expand the scope of nanomaterials from spherical nanoparticles to complex 3D shaped hybrid nanoparticles and structures. In particular, plasmonically active nanomaterials can be engineered in their shape and material composition so that they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Here, the recent progress in the development of shadow growth techniques to realize hybrid plasmonic nanomaterials is discussed. The review describes how fabrication permits the material response to be engineered and highlights novel functions. Potential fields of application with a focus on photonic devices, biomedical, and chiral spectroscopic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hwan Han
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Doeun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyurin Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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14
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Ke Y, Ruan Q, Li Y, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Pan C, Suseela Nair PN, Yin J, Yang JKW. Engineering Dynamic Structural Color Pixels at Microscales by Inhomogeneous Strain-Induced Localized Topographic Change. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37290093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Structural colors in homogeneous elastomeric materials predominantly exhibit uniform color changes under applied strains. However, juxtaposing mechanochromic pixels that exhibit distinct responses to applied strain remains challenging, especially on the microscale where the demand for miscellaneous spectral information increases. Here, we present a method to engineer microscale switchable color pixels by creating localized inhomogeneous strain fields at the level of individual microlines. Trenches produced by transfer casting from 2.5D structures into elastomers exhibit a uniform structural color in the unstretched state due to interference and scattering effects, while they show different colors under an applied uniaxial strain. This programmable topographic change resulting in color variation arises from strain mismatch between layers and trench width. We utilized this effect to achieve the encryption of text strings with Morse code. The effective and facile design principle is promising for diverse optical devices based on dynamic structures and topographic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States of America
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Wang Zhang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Chengfeng Pan
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Parvathi Nair Suseela Nair
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States of America
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
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15
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Cui X, Ruan Q, Zhuo X, Xia X, Hu J, Fu R, Li Y, Wang J, Xu H. Photothermal Nanomaterials: A Powerful Light-to-Heat Converter. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37133878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
All forms of energy follow the law of conservation of energy, by which they can be neither created nor destroyed. Light-to-heat conversion as a traditional yet constantly evolving means of converting light into thermal energy has been of enduring appeal to researchers and the public. With the continuous development of advanced nanotechnologies, a variety of photothermal nanomaterials have been endowed with excellent light harvesting and photothermal conversion capabilities for exploring fascinating and prospective applications. Herein we review the latest progresses on photothermal nanomaterials, with a focus on their underlying mechanisms as powerful light-to-heat converters. We present an extensive catalogue of nanostructured photothermal materials, including metallic/semiconductor structures, carbon materials, organic polymers, and two-dimensional materials. The proper material selection and rational structural design for improving the photothermal performance are then discussed. We also provide a representative overview of the latest techniques for probing photothermally generated heat at the nanoscale. We finally review the recent significant developments of photothermal applications and give a brief outlook on the current challenges and future directions of photothermal nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qifeng Ruan
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Optoelectronic Materials and Chips, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xinyue Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jingtian Hu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Runfang Fu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology and School of Microelectronics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
- Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China
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16
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Logunov L, Ulesov A, Khramenkova V, Liu X, Kuchmizhak AA, Vinogradov A, Makarov S. 3D and Inkjet Printing by Colored Mie-Resonant Silicon Nanoparticles Produced by Laser Ablation in Liquid. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:965. [PMID: 36985859 PMCID: PMC10058803 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Optically resonant silicon nanoparticles have emerged as a prospective platform for the structural coloration of surfaces because of their strong and spectrally selective light scattering. In this work, we developed colorful inks based on polymer mixed with monodisperse Mie-resonant silicon nanoparticles for 3D and inkjet printing. We applied a laser ablation method in a flow cell for the mass production of silicon nanoparticles in water and separated the resulting nanoparticles with different sizes by density-gradient centrifugation. Mixing the colorful nanoparticles with the polymer allows for the printing of 3D objects with various shapes and colors, which are rigid against environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Logunov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | | | | | - Xiuzhen Liu
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak
- Institute for Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | | | - Sergey Makarov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, China
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17
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Li X, Guo Y, Zhang M, Zhang C, Niu R, Ma H, Sun Y. Colorable Light-Scattering Device Based on Polymer-Stabilized Ion-Doped Cholesteric Liquid Crystal and an Electrochromatic Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7184-7195. [PMID: 36701765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bistable polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) devices have been extensively researched due to their energy-saving benefits. Compared to devices with merely transparent and light-scattering states, LC devices with controlled light absorption or changeable color functions are unquestionably more intriguing. In this paper, a polymer-stabilized ion-doped cholesteric LC and an electrochromic layer are used to fabricate a colorable device which can show four operating states: transparent, light-scattering, colored transparent, and colored light-scattering. The working principle and fabrication strategy are explained in detail. Based on the dielectric response of LC, the electrohydrodynamic effect of ion-doped LC, and the redox reaction of electrochromic materials, the transparent or light-scattering state and the colored or colorless state of the device can be regulated by controlling the alternating frequency and the direction of the electric field. The display performance related to the monomer, chiral dopant, and electrochromic layer is investigated. The content of monomer and chiral dopant affects the polymer network and pitch of cholesteric LC, which then affects the driving voltages and contrast ratio. The thickness of the electrochromic layer has a significant impact on the transmittance of the device's coloring and fading states. The sample with excellent operating states is obtained by optimizing the material and the construction, which can be widely applied in smart windows and energy-saving display devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Guo
- School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Meishan Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Rui Niu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Hongmei Ma
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Yubao Sun
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
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18
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High-speed laser writing of structural colors for full-color inkless printing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:565. [PMID: 36732539 PMCID: PMC9894925 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a formidable challenge to simultaneously achieve wide-gamut, high-resolution, high-speed while low-cost manufacturability, long-term stability, and viewing-angle independence in structural colors for practical applications. The conventional nanofabrication techniques fail to match the requirement in low-cost, large-scale and flexible manufacturing. Processing by pulsed lasers can achieve high throughput while suffering from a narrow gamut of ~15% sRGB or angle-dependent colors. Here, we demonstrate an all-in-one solution for ultrafast laser-produced structural colors on ultrathin hybrid films that comprise an absorbent dielectric TiAlN layer coating on a metallic TiN layer. Under laser irradiation, the absorption behaviours of the TiAlN-TiN hybrid films are tailored by photothermal-induced oxidation on the topmost TiAlN. The oxidized films exhibit double-resonance absorption, which is due to the non-trivial phase shifts both at the oxide-TiAlN interface, and at the TiAlN-TiN interface. By varying the accumulated laser fluence to modulate the oxidation depth, angle-robust structural colors with unprecedented large-gamut of ~90% sRGB are obtained. The highest printing speed reaches 10 cm2/s and the highest resolution exceeds 10000 dpi. The durability of the laser-printed colors is confirmed by fastness examination, including salt spray, double-85, light bleaching, and adhesion tests. These features render our technique to be competitive for industrial applications.
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19
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Gao X, Wang Q, Zhang S, Hong R, Zhang D, Zhuang S. Polarization tunable transmitted full-color display enabling switchable bright and dark states. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:3083-3091. [PMID: 36785307 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although structural colors based on nanostructures have attracted many researchers' attentions due to their superior durability and high resolution, most previous reports focused on the static and dynamic structural colors in reflection mode and few researchers focus on the static and dynamic transmission colors for high-saturation RGB models. Here, the hybrid Al-Si3N4 nanogratings with the top SiO2 capping layer and the bottom MgF2 layer that can switch full-hue and high-saturation transmitted structural colors on and off completely by changing the polarization state are theoretically demonstrated. Meanwhile, the hybrid Al-Si3N4 nanogratings with the top capping layer and the bottom layer also achieve the transmittance spectra with the full width at half maximum of ∼58 nm and the transmittance efficiency of over 70% in the on state. The added top capping layer and bottom layer can suppress the sideband of transmittance spectra in the on state and maintain the near-zero transmittance in the off state, thus improving the switching performance between bright and dark states. The realizable high-saturation colors in the on state can take up 125% sRGB space and 80% Adobe sRGB space. More interestingly, with the incident angle varying from 0° to 50°, full-hue color can be also realized in the on state and nearly black color can be also maintained in the off state. The strategy will provide potential applications in advanced color encryption and multichannel imaging.
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20
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Chen S, Ma T, Du X, Mo M, Wang Z, Cheng X. D-A-D hexacatenar LCs containing bulky N-trialkoxylbenzyl carbazole caps with RGB emissions for full color palette and white LED applications. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Liang J, Jin Y, Yu H, Chen X, Zhou L, Huo P, Zhang Y, Ma H, Jiang Y, Zhu B, Xu T, Liu H, Zhu S, Zhu J. Lithium-plasmon-based low-powered dynamic color display. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac120. [PMID: 36825119 PMCID: PMC9942666 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Display and power supply have been two essential and independent cornerstones of modern electronics. Here, we report a lithium-plasmon-based low-powered dynamic color display with intrinsic dual functionality (plasmonic display and energy recycling unit) which is a result of the electric-field-driven transformation of nanostructured lithium metals. Dynamic color displays are enabled by plasmonic transformation through electrodeposition (electrostripping) of lithium metals during the charging (discharging) process, while the consumed energy for coloring can be retrieved in the inverse process respectively. Energy recycling of lithium metals brings energy consumption down to 0.390 mW cm-2 (0.105 mW cm-2) for the active (static) coloration state of a proof-of-concept display/battery device, which approaches nearly-zero-energy-consumption in the near-100%-energy-efficiency limit of commercial lithium batteries. Combining the subwavelength feature of plasmonics with effective energy recycling, the lithium-plasmon-based dynamic display offers a promising route towards next-generation integrated photonic devices, with the intriguing advantages of low energy consumption, a small footprint and high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yan Jin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huiling Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinjie Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Pengcheng Huo
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haiyang Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ting Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shining Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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22
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Yuan M, Yin H, Liu Y, Wang X, Yuan L, Duan Y. Synergistic Electric and Thermal Effects of Electrochromic Devices. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13122187. [PMID: 36557489 PMCID: PMC9788548 DOI: 10.3390/mi13122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic devices are the preferred devices for smart windows because they work independently of uncontrollable environmental factors and rely more on the user's personal feelings to adjust actively. However, in practical applications, the ambient temperature still has an impact on device performance, such as durability, reversibility and switching performance, etc. These technical issues have significantly slowed down the commercialization of electrochromic devices (ECDs). It is necessary to investigate the main reasons for the influence of temperature on the device and make reasonable optimization to enhance the effectiveness of the device and extend its lifetime. In recent years, with the joint efforts of various outstanding research teams, the performance of electrochromic devices has been rapidly improved, with a longer lifetime, richer colors, and better color contrast. This review highlights the important research on temperature-dependent electrochromic properties in recent years. Also, the reported structures, mechanisms, characteristics, and methods for improving electrochromic properties are discussed in detail. In addition, the challenges and corresponding strategies in this field are presented in this paper. This paper will inspire more researchers to enrich the temperature-dependent properties of ECDs and their related fields with innovative means and methods to overcome the technical obstacles faced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Long Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
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23
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Cao A, Tan J, Liu D, Chen Z, Dou L, Liu Z, Li Y. Mass-determining role in the electrophoretic separation of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticle oligomers. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14161-14168. [PMID: 36111667 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03585e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gel electrophoresis techniques have been commonly applied in sieving plasmonic nanoparticle oligomers, while the intrinsic role in determining their phoresis velocity differences through the gel remains debatable. In this work, we explore the components and yield in each gel band after bundling two rationally designed types of nanoparticles in a system for electrophoretic separation. All results indicate that the mass property of plasmonic oligomers plays an essential role in determining their phoresis velocity divergences during separation. Further theoretical simulations reveal that the grounds for the mass-determining role stemmed from the random inelastic collisions among the oligomers and the gel-network microchannel. Moreover, under the guidance of such a mass-determining role, it is easy to achieve the direct electrophoretic separation of hetero-structured plasmonic dimers with high purity and high yield. This work will not only facilitate the precise nano-engineering of complex plasmonic oligomers with unique optical properties, but also might remove the obstacles toward their industrial manufacture with high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Cao
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Dilong Liu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Dou
- Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
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24
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Huang C, Hu Z, Yi YQQ, Chen X, Wu X, Su W, Cui Z. High performance printed organic electrochromic devices based on an optimized UV curable solid-state electrolyte. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14122-14128. [PMID: 36102055 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03209k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing cost is a major concern for electrochromic device (ECD) applications in smart windows for energy saving and low-carbon economy. Fully printing instead of a vacuum-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is favored for large-scale fabrication of ECDs. To adapt to the screen printing process, a UV curable solid-state electrolyte based on lithium bis(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) was specially formulated. It contains poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA), LiTFSI, water, and ethyl acetate. The optimized ECDs have achieved a 0.6 s bleaching time at 0.6 V and a 1.4 s coloring time at -0.5 V. The ECDs also exhibited excellent stability, which could endure 100 000 cycles of color switching while still maintaining 35% of transmittance change at a 550 nm wavelength. A demo ECD has been fabricated with a screen printed electrolyte, exhibiting stable switching between the clear state and patterned color state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchao Huang
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zishou Hu
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qiu-Qiang Yi
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinzhou Wu
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenming Su
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Cui
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Nano Devices and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Li R, Wei X, Liang Y, Gao H, Kurilkina S, Peng W. Electrically switchable capabilities of conductive polymers-based plasmonic nanodisk arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:33627-33638. [PMID: 36242393 DOI: 10.1364/oe.471524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The electrically dynamic regulation of plasmonic nanostructures provides a promising technology for integrated and miniaturized electro-optical devices. In this work, we systematically investigate the electrical regulation of optical properties of plasmonic Au nanodisk (AuND) arrays integrated with different conductive polymers, polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which show their respective superiority of electrical modulation by applying the appropriate low voltages. For the hybrid structure of polymer-coated AuND arrays, its reflection spectrum and corresponding structural color are dynamically modulated by altering the complex dielectric function of the covering nanometer-thick conductive polymers based on the electrically controlled redox reaction. Due to the distinct refractive index responses of different polymers on the external voltage, polymer-coated AuND arrays exhibit different spectral variations, response time, and cycle stability. As a result, the reflection intensity of PPy-coated AuND arrays is mainly tailored by increasing optical absorption of the PPy polymer over a broad spectral range, which is distinguished from the wavelength shift of the resonance modes of AuND arrays induced by the other two polymers. Additionally, AuND arrays integrated with both PANI and PEDOT polymers exhibit a rapid switching time of less than 50 ms, which is 5 times smaller than the case of the PPy polymer. Most importantly, PPy-coated AuND arrays exhibit excellent cycle stability over 50 cycles compared to the other two polymers integrated devices. This work demonstrates a valuable technique strategy to realize high-performance polymer-coated dynamically tunable nanoscale electro-optical devices, which has especially significance for smart windows or dynamic display applications.
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26
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Zhang J, Qin Y, Ou Y, Shen Y, Tang B, Zhang X, Yu Z. Injectable Granular Hydrogels as Colloidal Assembly Microreactors for Customized Structural Colored Objects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206339. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yipeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
- Cambridge University-Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation 126 Dingshan Street Nanjing 210046 P. R. China
| | - Yangteng Ou
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Ziyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 Puzhu South Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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27
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Abstract
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With the rapid development of optoelectronic fields,
electrochromic
(EC) materials and devices have received remarkable attention and
have shown attractive potential for use in emerging wearable and portable
electronics, electronic papers/billboards, see-through displays, and
other new-generation displays, due to the advantages of low power
consumption, easy viewing, flexibility, stretchability, etc. Despite
continuous progress in related fields, determining how to make electrochromics
truly meet the requirements of mature displays (e.g., ideal overall
performance) has been a long-term problem. Therefore, the commercialization
of relevant high-quality products is still in its infancy. In this
review, we will focus on the progress in emerging EC materials and
devices for potential displays, including two mainstream EC display
prototypes (segmented displays and pixel displays) and their commercial
applications. Among these topics, the related materials/devices, EC
performance, construction approaches, and processing techniques are
comprehensively disscussed and reviewed. We also outline the current
barriers with possible solutions and discuss the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Bo Jia
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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28
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Zhou Y, Hu L, Wang C, Ma L. Evaluation and Design of Colored Silicon Nanoparticle Systems Using a Bidirectional Deep Neural Network. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2715. [PMID: 35957145 PMCID: PMC9370442 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) with lowest-order Mie resonance produce non-iridescent and non-fading vivid structural colors in the visible range. However, the strong wavelength dependence of the radiation pattern and dielectric function makes it very difficult to design nanoparticle systems with the desired colors. Most existing studies focus on monodisperse nanoparticle systems, which are unsuitable for practical applications. This study combined the Lorentz-Mie theory, Monte Carlo, and deep neural networks to evaluate and design colored SiNP systems. The effects of the host medium and particle size distribution on the optical and color properties of the SiNP systems were investigated. A bidirectional deep neural network achieved accurate prediction and inverse design of structural colors. The results demonstrated that the particle size distribution flattened the Mie resonance peak and influenced the reflectance and brightness of the SiNP system. The SiNPs generated vivid colors in all three of the host media. Meanwhile, our proposed neural network model achieved a near-perfect prediction of colors with high accuracy of the designed geometric parameters. This work accurately and efficiently evaluates and designs the optical and color properties of SiNP systems, thus accelerating the design process and contributing to the practical production design of color inks, decoration, and printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lechuan Hu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chengchao Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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29
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Li Y, Li P, Zhang M, Wang D, Yang L, Guan Z, Li Z. Correlations between incident and emission polarization in nanowire-particle coupled junctions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:29206-29215. [PMID: 36299100 DOI: 10.1364/oe.466207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures with subwavelength confinement are of great importance for the development of integrated nanophotonic circuits and devices. Here, we experimentally investigate how the polarization of the emitted light from nanowire-particle junction relies on the incident polarization. We demonstrate that the correlations can be effectively modulated by the particle position relative to the wire. By varying the wire-particle gap with only several nanometers, the nanowire-particle junction can be changed from polarization maintainer to rotator. Then, by moving the particle along the wire within half of the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) beat, the polarization behaviors can be tuned from positive to negative correlation. The mechanism can be well understood by the hybridization of wire-particle coupled mode and propagating SPP modes, which is verified by finite-difference time-domain simulations. These findings would provide a new degree of freedom for manipulating light polarization at the nanometer scale and additional flexibility for constructing nanophotonic devices.
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30
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Zhang J, Li X, Liu Y, Feng J, Zhao J, Geng Y, Gao H, Wang T, Yang W, Jiang L, Wu Y. Confined Assembly of Colloidal Nanorod Superstructures by Locally Controlling Free-Volume Entropy in Nonequilibrium Fluids. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202119. [PMID: 35522854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-range-ordered structures of nanoparticles with controllable orientation have advantages in applications toward sensors, photoelectric conversion, and field-effect transistors. The assembly process of nanorods in colloidal systems undergoes a nonequilibrium process from dispersion to aggregation. A variety of assembly methods such as solvent volatilization, electromagnetic field induction, and photoinduction are restricted to suppress local perturbations during the nonequilibrium concentration of nanoparticles, which are adverse to controlling the orientation and order of assembled structures. Here, a confined assembly method is reported by locally controlling free-volume entropy in nonequilibrium fluids to fabricate microstructure arrays based on colloidal nanorods with controllable orientation and long-range order. The unique fluid dynamics of the liquid bridge is utilized to form a local region, where the free volume entropy reduction triggers assembly near the three-phase contact line (TPCL), allowing nanorods to assemble in 2D closest packing parallel to the TPCL for the maximum Gibbs free energy reduction. By manipulating the orientation of liquid flow, microstructures are assembled with programmable geometry, which sustains polarized photoluminescence and polarization-dependent photodetection. This confined assembly method opens up perspectives on assemblies of nanomaterials with controllable orientation and long-range order as a platform for multifunctional integrated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Life and Health Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yue Geng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hanfei Gao
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Tie Wang
- Life and Health Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528200, P. R. China
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31
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Zhang J, Qin Y, Ou Y, Shen Y, Tang B, Zhang X, Yu Z. Injectable Granular Hydrogels as Colloidal Assembly Microreactors for Customized Structural Colored Objects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yipeng Qin
- Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yangteng Ou
- University of Cambridge Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Yu Shen
- Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Bao Tang
- Nanjing Tech University College of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- University of Cambridge Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Ziyi Yu
- University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry Lensfield road Cambridge UNITED KINGDOM
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32
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Wang Y, Kim BJ, Guidetti G, Omenetto FG. Generation of Complex Tunable Multispectral Signatures with Reconfigurable Protein-Based, Plasmonic-Photonic Crystal Hybrid Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201036. [PMID: 35527342 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Structurally colored materials, which rely on the interaction between visible light and nanostructures, produce brilliant color displays through fine control of light interference, diffraction, scattering, or absorption. Rationally combining different color-selective functions into a single form offers a powerful strategy to create programmable optical functions which are otherwise difficult, if not impossible to obtain. By leveraging structural protein templates, specifically silk fibroin, nanostructured materials that combine plasmonic and photonic crystal paradigms are shown here. This confluence of function enables directional, tunable, and multiple co-located optical responses derived from the interplay between surface plasmon resonance and photonic bandgap effects. Several demonstrations are shown with programmable coloration at varying viewing sides, angle, and by solvent infiltration, opening avenues for smart displays and multi-mode information encoding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Silklab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Silklab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Giulia Guidetti
- Silklab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Fiorenzo G Omenetto
- Silklab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Department of Physics, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
- Laboratory for Living Devices, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
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33
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Boyce A, Stewart JW, Avila J, Shen Q, Zhang S, Wheeler VD, Mikkelsen MH. Actively Tunable Metasurfaces via Plasmonic Nanogap Cavities with Sub-10-nm VO 2 Films. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3525-3531. [PMID: 35472261 PMCID: PMC9101075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Actively tunable optical materials integrated with engineered subwavelength structures could enable novel optoelectronic devices, including reconfigurable light sources and tunable on-chip spectral filters. The phase-change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) provides a promising solid-state solution for dynamic tuning; however, previous demonstrations have been limited to thicker and often rough VO2 films or require a lattice-matched substrate for growth. Here, sub-10-nm-thick VO2 films are realized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and integrated with plasmonic nanogap cavities to demonstrate tunable, spectrally selective absorption across 1200 nm in the near-infrared (NIR). Upon inducing the phase transition via heating, the absorption resonance is blue-shifted by as much as 60 nm. This process is reversible upon cooling and repeatable over more than ten temperature cycles. Dynamic, ultrathin VO2 films deposited by ALD, as demonstrated here, open up new potential architectures and applications where VO2 can be utilized to provide reconfigurability including three-dimensional, flexible and large-area structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
M. Boyce
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jon W. Stewart
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason Avila
- U.S.
Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Qixin Shen
- Department
of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | | | - Maiken H. Mikkelsen
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department
of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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34
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Kim JB, Kim JW, Kim M, Kim SH. Dual-Colored Janus Microspheres with Photonic and Plasmonic Faces. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201437. [PMID: 35491521 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photonic and plasmonic colors, stemming from nanostructures of dielectric materials and metals, are promising for pigment-free coloration. In particular, nanostructures with structural colors have been employed in stimuli-responsive Janus microparticles to provide active color pixels. Here, the authors report a simple strategy to produce electro-responsive Janus microspheres composed of photonic and plasmonic faces for active color change. The photonic microspheres are first prepared by self-assembly of silica particles in emulsion droplets of photocurable resin. The silica particles form 3D crystalline arrays in the interior and 2D hexagonal arrays on the interface. The emulsion droplets are photocured and the silica particles are selectively removed to make porous photonic microspheres with hexagonal arrays of dimples on the surface. Directional deposition of gold or aluminum on the photonic microsphere develops plasmonic color on the top hemisphere while maintaining photonic color on the bottom hemisphere. Moreover, the metal deposited on one side renders the Janus microspheres electro-responsive. Therefore, the photonic and plasmonic colors are switchable by the orientation control of the Janus microspheres with an external electric field. The photonic and plasmonic colors are independently adjustable by employing two different sizes of silica particles in core-shell emulsion drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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35
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Han Z, Frydendahl C, Mazurski N, Levy U. MEMS cantilever-controlled plasmonic colors for sustainable optical displays. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0889. [PMID: 35442723 PMCID: PMC9020669 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional optical displays using indium tin oxide and liquid crystal materials present challenges for long-term sustainability. We show here a cost-effective and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fast and full-range electrically controlled RGB color display. This is achieved by combining transmission-based plasmonic metasurfaces with MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) technology, using only two common materials: aluminum and silicon oxide. White light is filtered into RGB components by plasmonic metasurfaces made of aluminum nanohole arrays. The transmission through each color filter is modulated by MEMS miniaturized cantilevers fabricated with aluminum and silicon oxide on top of the color filters. We show that the relative transmission of a color subpixel can be freely modulated from 35 to 100%. The pixels can also operate well above 800 Hz for future ultrafast displays. Our work provides a road to future circular economic goals by exploiting advances in structural colors and MEMS technologies to innovate optical displays.
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36
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Zhu X, Engelberg J, Remennik S, Zhou B, Pedersen JN, Uhd Jepsen P, Levy U, Kristensen A. Resonant Laser Printing of Optical Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2786-2792. [PMID: 35311279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges for metasurface research is upscaling. The conventional methods for fabrication of metasurfaces, such as electron-beam or focused ion beam lithography, are not scalable. The use of ultraviolet steppers or nanoimprinting still requires large-size masks or stamps, which are costly and challenging in further handling. This work demonstrates a cost-effective and lithography-free method for printing optical metasurfaces. It is based on resonant absorption of laser light in an optical cavity formed by a multilayer structure of ultrathin metal and dielectric coatings. A nearly perfect light absorption is obtained via interferometric control of absorption and operating around a critical coupling condition. Controlled by the laser power, the surface undergoes a structural transition from random, semiperiodic, and periodic to amorphous patterns with nanoscale precision. The reliability, upscaling, and subwavelength resolution of this approach are demonstrated by realizing metasurfaces for structural colors, optical holograms, and diffractive optical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Jacob Engelberg
- Department of Applied Physics, The Faculty of Science, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Sergei Remennik
- Department of Applied Physics, The Faculty of Science, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Binbin Zhou
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Jonas Nyvold Pedersen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Peter Uhd Jepsen
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Uriel Levy
- Department of Applied Physics, The Faculty of Science, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Anders Kristensen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Karki A, Cincotti G, Chen S, Stanishev V, Darakchieva V, Wang C, Fahlman M, Jonsson MP. Electrical Tuning of Plasmonic Conducting Polymer Nanoantennas. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107172. [PMID: 35064601 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures of conventional metals offer manipulation of light at the nanoscale but are largely limited to static behavior due to fixed material properties. To develop the next frontier of dynamic nano-optics and metasurfaces, this study utilizes the redox-tunable optical properties of conducting polymers, as recently shown to be capable of sustaining plasmons in their most conducting oxidized state. Electrically tunable conducting polymer nano-optical antennas are presented, using nanodisks of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:sulfate) (PEDOT:Sulf) as a model system. In addition to repeated on/off switching of the polymeric nanoantennas, the concept enables gradual electrical tuning of the nano-optical response, which was found to be related to the modulation of both density and mobility of the mobile polaronic charge carriers in the polymer. The resonance position of the PEDOT:Sulf nanoantennas can be conveniently controlled by disk size, here reported down to a wavelength of around 1270 nm. The presented concept may be used for electrically tunable metasurfaces, with tunable farfield as well as nearfield. The work thereby opens for applications ranging from tunable flat meta-optics to adaptable smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akchheta Karki
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Giancarlo Cincotti
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Shangzhi Chen
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Vallery Stanishev
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
- Center for III-Nitride Technology, C3NiT-Janzèn, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Vanya Darakchieva
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
- Center for III-Nitride Technology, C3NiT-Janzèn, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, S-221 00, Sweden
| | - Chuanfei Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
| | - Magnus P Jonsson
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-601 74, Sweden
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38
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Ruan Q, Zhang W, Wang H, Chan JYE, Wang H, Liu H, Fan D, Li Y, Qiu CW, Yang JKW. Reconfiguring Colors of Single Relief Structures by Directional Stretching. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108128. [PMID: 34799881 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Color changes can be achieved by straining photonic crystals or gratings embedded in stretchable materials. However, the multiple repeat units and the need for a volumetric assembly of nanostructures limit the density of information content. Inspired by surface reliefs on oracle bones and music records as a means of information archival, here, surface-relief elastomers are endowed with multiple sets of information that are accessible by mechanical straining along in-plane axes. Distinct from Bragg diffraction effects from periodic structures, trenches that generate color due to variations in trench depth, enabling individual trench segments to support a single color, are reported. Using 3D printed cuboids, trenches of varying geometric parameters are replicated in elastomers. These parameters determine the initial color (or lack thereof), the response to capillary forces, and the appearance when strained along or across the trenches. Strain induces modulation in trench depth or the opening and closure of a trench, resulting in surface reliefs with up to six distinct states, and an initially featureless surface that reveals two distinct images when stretched along different axes. The highly reversible structural colors are promising in optical data archival, anti-counterfeiting, and strain-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Ruan
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Wang Zhang
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - John You En Chan
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
- Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Hailong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Dianyuan Fan
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ying Li
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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Kenzhebayeva Y, Bachinin S, Solomonov AI, Gilemkhanova V, Shipilovskikh SA, Kulachenkov N, Fisenko SP, Rybin MV, Milichko VA. Light-Induced Color Switching of Single Metal-Organic Framework Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:777-783. [PMID: 35041418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced modulation of the optical parameters of nanomaterials underlies the operating principles of all-optical nanodevices. Here, we demonstrate the laser-induced 10% modulation of the refractive index and 16-fold modulation of the extinction coefficient of the dynamic metal-organic framework (HKUST-1) nanocrystals within the whole visible range. Using the laser-induced water sorption/desorption process inside HKUST-1, we have achieved size-dependent reversible tuning of brightness and color of its nanocrystals over the different spatial directions and color palette. The numerical analysis also confirmed the detected optical tuning through the evolution of optical spectra and directivity of the scattered light. The results of the work demonstrate the promising nature of the dynamic metal-organic frameworks for nonlinear optics and expand the library of chemically synthesized hybrid materials with light-controlled optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Kenzhebayeva
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Semyon Bachinin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Venera Gilemkhanova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Nikita Kulachenkov
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Sergey P Fisenko
- A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB) P. Browka 15, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Mikhail V Rybin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-54000 Nancy, France
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40
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Wang Z, Jia X, Zhang P, Liu Y, Qi H, Zhang P, Kaiser U, Reineke S, Dong R, Feng X. Viologen-Immobilized 2D Polymer Film Enabling Highly Efficient Electrochromic Device for Solar-Powered Smart Window. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106073. [PMID: 34613639 PMCID: PMC11469086 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have emerged as a unique class of optoelectronic devices for the development of smart windows. However, current ECDs typically suffer from low coloration efficiency (CE) and high energy consumption, which have thus hindered their practical applications, especially as components in solar-powered EC windows. Here, the high-performance ECDs with a fully crystalline viologen-immobilized 2D polymer (V2DP) thin film as the color-switching layer is demonstrated. The high density of vertically oriented pore channels (pore size ≈ 4.5 nm; pore density ≈ 5.8 × 1016 m-2 ) in the synthetic V2DP film enables high utilization of redox-active viologen moieties and benefits for Li+ ion diffusion/transport. As a result, the as-fabricated ECDs achieve a rapid switching speed (coloration, 2.8 s; bleaching, 1.2 s), and a high CE (989 cm2 C-1 ), and low energy consumption (21.1 µW cm-2 ). Moreover, it is managed to fabricate transmission-tunable, self-sustainable EC window prototypes by vertically integrating the V2DP ECDs with transparent solar cells. This work sheds light on designing electroactive 2D polymers with molecular precision for optoelectronics and paves a practical route toward developing self-powered EC windows to offset the electricity consumption of buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V.01069DresdenGermany
| | - Xiangkun Jia
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität Dresden01187DresdenGermany
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Yannan Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Central Facility for Electron MicroscopyElectron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUniversität Ulm89081UlmGermany
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Central Facility for Electron MicroscopyElectron Microscopy Group of Materials ScienceUniversität Ulm89081UlmGermany
| | - Sebastian Reineke
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität Dresden01187DresdenGermany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices, Max Planck Institute for Microstructure PhysicsD‐06120Halle (Saale)Germany
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41
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Prediction and Inverse Design of Structural Colors of Nanoparticle Systems via Deep Neural Network. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123339. [PMID: 34947688 PMCID: PMC8703294 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Noniridescent and nonfading structural colors generated from metallic and dielectric nanoparticles with extraordinary optical properties hold great promise in applications such as image display, color printing, and information security. Yet, due to the strong wavelength dependence of optical constants and the radiation pattern, it is difficult and time-consuming to design nanoparticles with the desired hue, saturation, and brightness. Herein, we combined the Monte Carlo and Mie scattering simulations and a bidirectional neural network (BNN) to improve the design of gold nanoparticles' structural colors. The optical simulations provided a dataset including color properties and geometric parameters of gold nanoparticle systems, while the BNN was proposed to accurately predict the structural colors of gold nanoparticle systems and inversely design the geometric parameters for the desired colors. Taking the human chromatic discrimination ability as a criterion, our proposed approach achieved a high accuracy of 99.83% on the predicted colors and 98.5% on the designed geometric parameters. This work provides a general method to accurately and efficiently design the structural colors of nanoparticle systems, which can be exploited in a variety of applications and contribute to the development of advanced optical materials.
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42
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D'Souza D, K. P. N. Opto‐Electromagnetics and Resonance Activities of Oxalic Acid Embedded Manganese and Cadmium‐Mixed Crystals. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delma D'Souza
- PG Department of Physics Field Marshal K. M. Cariappa College A Constituent College of Mangalore University Madikeri Karnataka 571201 India
| | - Nagaraja K. P.
- PG Department of Physics Field Marshal K. M. Cariappa College A Constituent College of Mangalore University Madikeri Karnataka 571201 India
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43
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He X, Li G, Wu D. Self-driving dynamic plasmonic colors based on needle steering for simultaneous control of transition direction and time on metallic nanogroove metasurfaces. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18356-18362. [PMID: 34729577 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05804e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dynamically tunable plasmonic colors hold great promise for a wide range of applications including color displays, colorimetric sensing, and information encryption. However, dynamic control speed of plasmonic colors is still slow to date. Herein, we propose to use a needle to direct the flow of water and gas pressure to drive water, realizing a simultaneous direction-controllable and fast plasmonic color transition. The highly reflected background light of the metallic nanogroove metasurface is suppressed to generate high-purity plasmonic colors through the cross-polarized input and output configuration. When the environment is changed from air to water, a giant color change from cyan to red (a wavelength shift of 156 nm) is experimentally observed. More importantly, by utilizing a needle to steer the flow of water, direction-controllable and fast plasmonic color transition is achieved by controlling gas pressure to drive water. Compared with current state-of-the-art plasmonic color scanning technology, the color transition time via water driven by gas pressure decreases by three orders of magnitude for the same scanning length. The multi-degrees of freedom dynamic structural colors could have potential applications in dynamic displays, anti-counterfeiting, and information security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping He
- School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Peizheng College, Guangzhou 510830, China
| | - Guozhou Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Dong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Abstract
Colloidal self-assembly refers to a solution-processed assembly of nanometer-/micrometer-sized, well-dispersed particles into secondary structures, whose collective properties are controlled by not only nanoparticle property but also the superstructure symmetry, orientation, phase, and dimension. This combination of characteristics makes colloidal superstructures highly susceptible to remote stimuli or local environmental changes, representing a prominent platform for developing stimuli-responsive materials and smart devices. Chemists are achieving even more delicate control over their active responses to various practical stimuli, setting the stage ready for fully exploiting the potential of this unique set of materials. This review addresses the assembly of colloids into stimuli-responsive or smart nanostructured materials. We first delineate the colloidal self-assembly driven by forces of different length scales. A set of concepts and equations are outlined for controlling the colloidal crystal growth, appreciating the importance of particle connectivity in creating responsive superstructures. We then present working mechanisms and practical strategies for engineering smart colloidal assemblies. The concepts underpinning separation and connectivity control are systematically introduced, allowing active tuning and precise prediction of the colloidal crystal properties in response to external stimuli. Various exciting applications of these unique materials are summarized with a specific focus on the structure-property correlation in smart materials and functional devices. We conclude this review with a summary of existing challenges in colloidal self-assembly of smart materials and provide a perspective on their further advances to the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qingsong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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45
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Xiong K, Olsson O, Svirelis J, Palasingh C, Baumberg J, Dahlin A. Video Speed Switching of Plasmonic Structural Colors with High Contrast and Superior Lifetime. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103217. [PMID: 34448507 PMCID: PMC11468514 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reflective displays or "electronic paper" technologies provide a solution to the high energy consumption of emissive displays by simply utilizing ambient light. However, it has proven challenging to develop electronic paper with competitive image quality and video speed capabilities. Here, the first technology that provides video speed switching of structural colors with high contrast over the whole visible is shown. Importantly, this is achieved with a broadband-absorbing polarization-insensitive electrochromic polymer instead of liquid crystals, which makes it possible to maintain high reflectivity. It is shown that promoting electrophoretic ion transport (drift motion) improves the switch speed. In combination with new nanostructures that have high surface curvature, this enables video speed switching (20 ms) at high contrast (50% reflectivity change). A detailed analysis of the optical signal during switching shows that the polaron formation starts to obey first order reaction kinetics in the video speed regime. Additionally, the system still operates at ultralow power consumption during video speed switching (<1 mW cm-2 ) and has negligible power consumption (<1 µW cm-2 ) in bistability mode. Finally, the fast switching increases device lifetime to at least 107 cycles, an order of magnitude more than state-of-the-art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- NanoPhotonics CentreCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0HEUK
| | - Oliver Olsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41296Sweden
| | - Justas Svirelis
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41296Sweden
| | - Chonnipa Palasingh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41296Sweden
| | - Jeremy Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics CentreCavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0HEUK
| | - Andreas Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41296Sweden
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46
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Chen X, Chen J, Sun G, Guo L, Su J, Zhang Z. Combination of Two Colorless Fluorophores for Full-Color Red-Green-Blue Luminescence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38629-38636. [PMID: 34374285 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a molecular pixel system for full-color luminescence reproduction is achieved by adjusting the colorless mixtures of two matching fluorophores, i.e., polarity-insensitive 9,14-diphenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine (DPAC) as the fixed red primary color and polarity-sensitive dansylamide (DSA) as dynamic blue to green primary colors. DPAC and DSA possess independent emission properties free from electron and energy transfer crosstalk between them because of their close frontier molecular orbitals as well as similar absorptions below 400 nm. According to the additive color theory, under diverse mixing ratios and various polarities, a smooth emission color change is realized in the triangle surrounded by the luminophores in the chromaticity diagram with accurate prediction and expedient reproduction. The principle of this system may open an innovative route for the development of powerful full-color luminescent materials, for example, ratiometric fluorescent polarity sensors and invisible fluorescent crayons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guangchen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lifang Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianhua Su
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Kim SH, Rho Y, Cho E, Myung JS, Lee SJ. Surface plasmonic resonance tunable nanocomposite thin films applicable to color filters, heat mirrors, semi-transparent electrodes, and electromagnetic-shields. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12260-12270. [PMID: 34241610 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02363b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a plasmonic resonance-tunable nanocomposite thin film, which applies to a color filter, heat mirror, semi-transparent color electrode, and electromagnetic shield, given that the size and structure of nanoclusters can be controlled by a sputtering power density. The structural and functional properties of silver/plasma-polymer-fluorocarbon (Ag/PPFC) nanocomposite thin films, which were sputtered by ternary composite targets, were investigated with various compositions and sputtering power densities. The growth of Ag nanoclusters of the thin film was suppressed as the sputtering power density increased due to the rich functional group of -CFx- fluorine. As a result, a continuous color change from blue to yellow could be expressed on films given the precise control of the surface plasmonic resonance phenomenon. Grazing-incidence small-angle scattering (GISAXS) analysis indicated that the sputtering power density had a significant effect on the size, distribution, and orientation of the Ag nanoclusters in the thin film. For low sputtering power densities, Ag nanoclusters were forming aggregations along the out-of-plane direction, but as the sputtering power density increased, the nanoclusters showed random distribution instead of large aggregates. We also demonstrated applications of Ag/PPFC nanocomposite thin films to a color filter, heat mirror, semi-transparent electrode, and electromagnetic shield. In addition, the fabrication of a large-area film (400 × 700 mm2) showed that the approach applies highly to industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Kim
- Chemical Materials Solutions Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Zhao J, Zhou Y, Huo Y, Gao B, Ma Y, Yu Y. Flexible dynamic structural color based on an ultrathin asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity with phase-change material for temperature perception. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:23273-23281. [PMID: 34614594 DOI: 10.1364/oe.431906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic structural color has attracted considerable attentions due to its good tunable characteristics. Here, an ultrathin asymmetric Fabry-Perot (FP)-type structural color with phase-change material VO2 cavity is proposed. The color-switching performance can be realized by temperature regulation due to the reversible monoclinic-rutile phase transition of VO2. The various, vivid structural color can be generated by simply changing the thickness of VO2 and Ag layers. Moreover, the simple structural configuration enables a large-scale, low-cost preparation on both rigid and flexible substrates. Accordingly, a flexible dynamic structural color membrane is adhered on a cup with a curved surface to be used for temperature perception. The proposed dynamic structural color has potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, temperature perception, camouflage coatings among other flexible optoelectronic devices.
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Santos G, Gonzalez F, Ortiz D, Saiz JM, Losurdo M, Moreno F, Gutierrez Y. Dynamic reflective color pixels based on molybdenum oxide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:19417-19426. [PMID: 34266051 DOI: 10.1364/oe.424763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Active materials which show phase transitions, usually known as Phase Change Materials (PCM), have paved the way to a new generation of reconfigurable plasmonic platforms. Tunable color devices have experienced a great development in the recent years. In particular, reflective color filters can take advantage from sunlight to select and reflect a specific resonant wavelength in the visible spectrum range. Reflective displays are usually structural color filters based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavities (AFPCs). For a fixed geometry, most of AFPCs filters generate static color, limiting their potential as tunable color devices. Dynamic color is achieved by introducing an active layer whose optical properties can be modulated by an external stimuli. In this paper, we propose AFPCs based on molybdenum oxide (MoOx, 2<x<3) to achieve switchable on/off color reflective pixels. On and off states of the pixels are controlled through the stoichiometry of the MoOx layer.
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Wu W, Zhou M, Li D, Li S, Yang Z, Huo Z, Wu Y, Tan Y, Han X, Pan C, Pan A. A novel visible light sensing and recording system enabled by integration of photodetector and electrochromic devices. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9177-9184. [PMID: 33988216 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The integration of multiple electronic or optoelectronic devices is an effective strategy to use their unique functions to realize a specific goal. A state-of-the-art photodetector (PD) array can realize real-time image sensing, but the image information will disappear immediately with the removal of the light stimuli. Here, we design a visible light sensing and recording system by the integration of a perovskite PD array with a tungsten trioxide-based electrochromic device (ECD) array (10 × 10 pixels). The system can convert the received visible light signals into electrical signals to change the storable color of the corresponding pixels in the ECD array, thus realizing optical information recording in the form of the color display. As a conceptual demonstration, the system achieves the recording of the "H"-shaped visible light pattern projected to the active area of the PD array. Besides, after removing the illumination stimuli, the recording of the light pattern continues in the absence of the power supply owing to the "color memory effect". The recorded length can be regulated through the periods of illumination stimulation. The proof-of-concept system may have potential applications in image sensors, electronic eyes, and intelligent electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China. and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- ARC Research Hub for Computational Particle Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Shengman Li
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Zheng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihao Huo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Institute of Microelectronics and Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE) and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongwen Tan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
| | - Xun Han
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.
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