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Moeed S, Bousbih R, Ayub AR, Jafar NNA, Aljohani M, Jabir MS, Amin MA, Zubair H, Majdi H, Waqas M, Hadia NMA, Khera RA. A theoretical investigation for improving the performance of non-fullerene organic solar cells through side-chain engineering of BTR non-fused-ring electron acceptors. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 131:108792. [PMID: 38797085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In the current quantum chemical study, indacenodithiophene donor core-based the end-capped alterations of the reference chromophore BTR drafted eight A2-A1-D-A1-A2 type small non-fullerene acceptors. All the computational simulations were executed under MPW1PW91/6-31G (d, p) level of DFT. The UV-Vis absorption, open circuit voltage, electron affinity, ionization potential, the density of states, reorganization energy, orbital analysis, and non-covalent interactions were studied and compared with BTR. Several molecules of our modeled series BT1-BT8 have shown distinctive features that are better than those of the BTR. The open circuit voltage (VOC) of BT5 has a favorable impact, allowing it to replace BTR in the field of organic solar cells. The charge carrier motilities for proposed molecules generated extraordinary findings when matched to the reference one (BTR). Further charge transmission was confirmed by creating the complex with a PM6 donor molecule. The remarkable dipole moment contributes to the formation of non-covalent bond interactions with chloroform, resulting in superior charge mobility. Based on these findings, it can be said that every tailored molecule has the potential to surpass chromophore molecule (BTR) in OSCs. So, all tailored molecules may enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic cells due to the involvement of potent terminal electron-capturing acceptor2 moieties. Considering these obtained results, these newly presented molecules can be regarded for developing efficient solar devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Moeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - R Bousbih
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Raza Ayub
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Nadhir N A Jafar
- Al-Zahraa Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research Sciences (ZCMRS), Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Aljohani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Iraq
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hira Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - N M A Hadia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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2
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Bi X, Cao X, He T, Liang H, Yao Z, Yang J, Guo Y, Long G, Kan B, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. What is the Limit Size of 2D Conjugated Extension on Central Units of Small Molecular Acceptors in Organic Solar Cells? SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401054. [PMID: 38488748 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
2D conjugated extension on central units of small molecular acceptors (SMAs) has gained great successes in reaching the state-of-the-art organic photovoltaics. Whereas the limit size of 2D central planes and their dominant role in constructing 3D intermolecular packing networks are still elusive. Thus, by exploring a series of SMAs with gradually enlarged central planes, it is demonstrated that, at both single molecular and aggerated levels, there is an unexpected blue-shift for their film absorption but preferable reorganization energies, exciton lifetimes and binding energies with central planes enlarging, especially when comparing to their Y6 counterpart. More importantly, the significance of well-balanced molecular packing modes involving both central and end units is first disclosed through a systematic single crystal analysis, indicating that when the ratio of central planes area/end terminals area is no more than 3 likely provides a preferred 3D intermolecular packing network of SMAs. By exploring the limit size of 2D central planes, This work indicates that the structural profiles of ideal SMAs may require suitable central unit size together with proper heteroatom replacement instead of directly overextending 2D central planes to the maximum. These results will likely provide some guidelines for future better molecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Tianjin Key Laboratory of functional polymer materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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3
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Lee JW, Park JS, Jeon H, Lee S, Jeong D, Lee C, Kim YH, Kim BJ. Recent progress and prospects of dimer and multimer acceptors for efficient and stable polymer solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4674-4706. [PMID: 38529583 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
High power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability are essential prerequisites for the commercialization of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) are core materials that have led to recent, rapid increases in the PCEs of the PSCs. However, a critical limitation of the resulting PSCs is their poor long-term stability. Blend morphology degradation from rapid diffusion of SMAs with low glass transition temperatures (Tgs) is considered the main cause of the poor long-term stability of the PSCs. The recent emergence of oligomerized SMAs (OSMAs), composed of two or more repeating SMA units (i.e., dimerized and trimerized SMAs), has shown great promise in overcoming these challenges. This innovation in material design has enabled OSMA-based PSCs to reach impressive PCEs near 19% and exceptional long-term stability. In this review, we summarize the evolution of OSMAs, including their research background and recent progress in molecular design. In particular, we discuss the mechanisms for high PCE and stability of OSMA-based PSCs and suggest useful design guidelines for high-performance OSMAs. Furthermore, we reflect on the existing hurdles and future directions for OSMA materials towards achieving commercially viable PSCs with high PCEs and operational stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Su Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyesu Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Advanced Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changyeon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Ji J, Wu Z, Xie J, Wang W, Qian H, Liang Z. Dual Polymerized Y-Acceptors of Distinct-Dimensionality Create Neuron-Like Interpenetrating Hierarchical Network towards Efficient and Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313237. [PMID: 38214364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells have garnered particular attention thanks to their superior thermal, photo, and mechanical stabilities for large-scale manufacturing, yet the performance enhancement remains largely restrained by inherent morphological challenges of the bulk-heterojunction active layer. Herein, a 3D Y-branched polymerized small-molecule acceptor named PYBF, characteristic of high molecular weight and glass transition temperature, is designed and synthesized by precisely linking C3h-symmetric benzotrifuran with Y6 acceptors. In comparison to the benchmark thiophene-bridged linear PYIT acceptor, an optical blue-shift absorption is observed for PYBF yet a slightly higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.7% (vs 15.14%) is obtained when paired with polymer donor PM6, which benefit from the more crystalline and face-on-oriented PYBF domains. However, the star-like bulky structure of PYBF results in the nucleation-growth dominant phase-separation in polymeric blends, which generates stumpy droplet-like acceptor fibrils and impairs the continuity of acceptor phases. This issue is however surprisingly resolved by incorporating a small amount of PYIT, which leads to the formation of the more interconnective neuron-like dual-acceptor domains by long-chain entanglements of linear acceptors and alleviates bimolecular recombination. Thus, the champion device realizes a respectable PCE of up to ≈17% and importantly exhibits thermal and storage stabilities superior to the linear counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ji
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiaqi Xie
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ziqi Liang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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5
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Wu Y, Yuan Y, Sorbelli D, Cheng C, Michalek L, Cheng HW, Jindal V, Zhang S, LeCroy G, Gomez ED, Milner ST, Salleo A, Galli G, Asbury JB, Toney MF, Bao Z. Tuning polymer-backbone coplanarity and conformational order to achieve high-performance printed all-polymer solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2170. [PMID: 38461153 PMCID: PMC10924936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) offer improved morphological and mechanical stability compared with those containing small-molecule-acceptors (SMAs). They can be processed with a broader range of conditions, making them desirable for printing techniques. In this study, we report a high-performance polymer acceptor design based on bithiazole linker (PY-BTz) that are on par with SMAs. We demonstrate that bithiazole induces a more coplanar and ordered conformation compared to bithiophene due to the synergistic effect of non-covalent backbone planarization and reduced steric encumbrances. As a result, PY-BTz shows a significantly higher efficiency of 16.4% in comparison to the polymer acceptors based on commonly used thiophene-based linkers (i.e., PY-2T, 9.8%). Detailed analyses reveal that this improvement is associated with enhanced conjugation along the backbone and closer interchain π-stacking, resulting in higher charge mobilities, suppressed charge recombination, and reduced energetic disorder. Remarkably, an efficiency of 14.7% is realized for all-PSCs that are solution-sheared in ambient conditions, which is among the highest for devices prepared under conditions relevant to scalable printing techniques. This work uncovers a strategy for promoting backbone conjugation and planarization in emerging polymer acceptors that can lead to superior all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Diego Sorbelli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Christina Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lukas Michalek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Vishal Jindal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Garrett LeCroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Scott T Milner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - John B Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Materials Science Program, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA.
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6
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Li L, Chen P, Su R, Xu H, Li Q, Zhong Q, Yan H, Yang X, Hu J, Li S, Huang T, Xiao Y, Liu B, Ji Y, Wang D, Sun H, Guo X, Lu ZH, Snaith HJ, Gong Q, Zhao L, Zhu R. Buried-Metal-Grid Electrodes for Efficient Parallel-Connected Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305238. [PMID: 37665975 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The limited conductivity of existing transparent conducting oxide (TCO) greatly restricts the further performance improvement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), especially for large-area devices. Herein, buried-metal-grid tin-doped indium oxide (BMG ITO) electrodes are developed to minimize the power loss caused by the undesirable high sheet resistance of TCOs. By burying 140-nm-thick metal grids into ITO using a photolithography technique, the sheet resistance of ITO is reduced from 15.0 to 2.7 Ω sq-1 . The metal step of BMG over ITO has a huge impact on the charge carrier transport in PSCs. The PSCs using BMG ITO with a low metal step deliver power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) significantly better than that of their counterparts with higher metal steps. Moreover, compared with the pristine ITO-based PSCs, the BMG ITO-based PSCs show a smaller PCE decrease when scaling up the active area of devices. The parallel-connected large-area PSCs with an active area of 102.8 mm2 reach a PCE of 22.5%. The BMG ITO electrodes are also compatible with the fabrication of inverted-structure PSCs and organic solar cells. The work demonstrates the great efficacy of improving the conductivity of TCO by BMG and opens up a promising avenue for constructing highly efficient large-area PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Su
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiuyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qixuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haoming Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shunde Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yongqiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dengke Wang
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 3E4, Canada
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Lichen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics & Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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7
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Atiq K, Iqbal MMA, Hassan T, Hussain R. An efficient end-capped engineering of pyrrole-based acceptor molecules for high-performance organic solar cells. J Mol Model 2023; 30:13. [PMID: 38103081 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Various innovative molecules have been designed and explored for use in organic photovoltaics. In this study, we devised novel molecules (KZ1-KZ7) specifically for organic solar cells (OSCs). The newly formulated acceptor compounds possess a lower bandgap (Eg = 1.85-2.02), along with bathochromic shift (λmax = 713-788 nm) compared to the reference (Eg = 2.04 eV and λmax = 774 nm). Moreover, the FMO results identified the distinct charge transfer from HOMO to LUMO, which was strongly corroborated by the TDM maps. Similarly, the new designed molecules show less excitation energy (Ex = 1.31-1.54(gas)) than reference (Ex = 1.72). Likewise, all designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7) have demonstrated an analogous open circuit voltage (Voc) with the donor polymer PTB7-Th. All seven designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7) exhibited more fill factor ranging from 97.08 to 97.29 than reference 95.25 and PCE of between 8 and 20% at short circuit current densities of 9, 12, and 15 mA cm-2. Overall, the findings support that designed molecules can be potential molecules for future practical applications. METHODS Geometric calculations were conducted with Gaussian 09W software, and the findings were visualized using Gauss View software. DFT and TD-DFT were employed to evaluate various parameters for R and designed molecules (KZ1-KZ7). Firstly, four functionals including B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, MPW1PW91, and ωB97XD with 6-31G(d,p) DFT level were applied to R to decide the best level for results. After appropriate analysis, the MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) was selected for further examination by comparing the experimental and DFT-based absorption graphs of R. External and internal reorganization energy are the two main factors contributing to reorganization energy. External energy refers to changes in external environment, while internal energy deals with information related to internal geometrical symmetry or the internal environment. The effect of outside factors or external reorganizational energy is omitted because it creates too little change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Atiq
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | | | - Talha Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
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8
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Yao Z, Cao X, Bi X, He T, Li Y, Jia X, Liang H, Guo Y, Long G, Kan B, Li C, Wan X, Chen Y. Complete Peripheral Fluorination of the Small-Molecule Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells Yields Efficiency over 19 . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312630. [PMID: 37704576 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsically flexible molecular skeletons and loose aggregations, organic semiconductors, like small molecular acceptors (SMAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs), greatly suffer from larger structural/packing disorders and weaker intermolecular interactions comparing to their inorganic counterparts, further leading to hindered exciton diffusion/dissociation and charge carrier migration in resulting OSCs. To overcome this challenge, complete peripheral fluorination was performed on basis of a two-dimensional (2D) conjugation extended molecular platform of CH-series SMAs, rendering an acceptor of CH8F with eight fluorine atoms surrounding the molecular backbone. Benefitting from the broad 2D backbone, more importantly, strengthened fluorine-induced secondary interactions, CH8F and its D18 blends afford much enhanced and more ordered molecular packings accompanying with enlarged dielectric constants, reduced exciton binding energies and more obvious fibrillary networks comparing to CH6F controls. Consequently, D18:CH8F-based OSCs reached an excellent efficiency of 18.80 %, much better than that of 17.91 % for CH6F-based ones. More excitingly, by employing D18-Cl that possesses a highly similar structure to D18 as a third component, the highest efficiency of 19.28 % for CH-series SMAs-based OSCs has been achieved so far. Our work demonstrates the dramatical structural multiformity of CH-series SMAs, meanwhile, their high potential for constructing record-breaking OSCs through peripheral fine-tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xingqi Bi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tengfei He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinyuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Huazhe Liang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaxiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Guankui Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Bin Kan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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9
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Peng J, Wang K, Li M, Peng Z, Liu H, Huang M, Zhao B. A-A Strategy Enables Desirable Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells Fabricated with Nonhalogenated Solvents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48255-48263. [PMID: 37792498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Most polymer acceptors have been designed by applying a D (electron-rich unit)-A (electron-deficient unit) strategy, which are principally processed with halogenated solvents to fabricate all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Two novel polymer acceptors, containing an A-A type backbone, were designed and synthesized, which can be readily dissolved in o-xylene. The polymer PY-FBTA, comprising a Y6 derivative as the first A unit and a benzotriazole derivative as the second A unit, shows smaller dihedral angles in the backbone, stronger molecular interactions, higher LUMO level, more complementary absorption spectrum, and better morphology with PM6 than the polymer PY-DPP comprising a diketopyrrolopyrrole derivative as the second A unit. Accordingly, the PM6:PY-FBTA all-PSC achieves a higher PCE of 13.95% than the all-PSC based on PM6:PY-DPP (9.51%) for thoroughly improved Jsc (22.34 mA cm-2), Voc (0.963 V), and FF (64.84%) values, which are fabricated with o-xylene as the solvent. This work demonstrates that the A-A structure is a desirable strategy for designing polymer acceptors for efficient all-PSCs prepared with nonhalogenated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zeyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hailu Liu
- Hunan Chemical Vocational Technology College, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Meihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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10
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Yang S, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Ou X, Xu W, Kang M, Li X, Yan D, Kwok RTK, Sun J, Lam JWY, Wang D, Tang BZ. More Is Better: Dual-Acceptor Engineering for Constructing Second Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens to Boost Multimodal Phototheranostics. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22776-22787. [PMID: 37812516 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of electron donor/acceptor (D/A) shows an endless impetus for innovating optical materials. Currently, there is booming development in electron donor design, while research on electron acceptor engineering has received limited attention. Inspired by the philosophical idea of "more is different", two systems with D'-D-A-D-D' (1A system) and D'-D-A-A-D-D' (2A system) structures based on acceptor engineering were designed and studied. It was demonstrated that the 1A system presented a weak aggregation-induced emission (AIE) to aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon, along with the increased acceptor electrophilicity and planarity. In sharp contrast, the 2A system with one more acceptor exhibited an opposite ACQ-to-AIE transformation. Interestingly, the fluorophore with a more electron-deficient A-A moiety in the 2A system displayed superior AIE activity. More importantly, all compounds in the 2A system showed significantly higher molar absorptivity (ε) in comparison to their counterparts in the 1A system. Thanks to the highest ε, near-infrared-II (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) emission, desirable AIE property, favorable reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and high photothermal conversion efficiency, a representative member of the 2A system handily performed in fluorescence-photoacoustic-photothermal multimodal imaging-guided photodynamic-photothermal collaborative therapy for efficient tumor elimination. Meanwhile, the NIR-II fluorescence imaging of blood vessels and lymph nodes in living mice was also accomplished. This study provides the first evidence that the dual-connected acceptor tactic could be a new molecular design direction for the AIE effect, resulting in high ε, aggregation-intensified NIR-II fluorescence emission, and improved ROS and heat generation capacities of phototheranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rongyuan Zhang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Xinwen Ou
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Miaomiao Kang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xue Li
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dingyuan Yan
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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11
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Ma S, Li B, Gong S, Wang J, Liu B, Young Jeong S, Chen X, Young Woo H, Feng K, Guo X. Biselenophene Imide: Enabling Polymer Acceptor with High Electron Mobility for High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308306. [PMID: 37461155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The shortage of narrow band gap polymer acceptors with high electron mobility is the major bottleneck for developing efficient all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, we synthesize a distannylated electron-deficient biselenophene imide monomer (BSeI-Tin) with high purity/reactivity, affording an excellent chance to access acceptor-acceptor (A-A) type polymer acceptors. Copolymerizing BSeI-Tin with dibrominated monomer Y5-Br, the resulting A-A polymer PY5-BSeI shows a higher molecular weight, narrower band gap, deeper-lying frontier molecular orbital levels and larger electron mobility than the donor-acceptor type counterpart PY5-BSe. Consequently, the PY5-BSeI-based all-PSCs deliver a remarkable efficiency of 17.77 % with a high short-circuit current of 24.93 mA cm-2 and fill factor of 75.83 %. This efficiency is much higher than that (10.70 %) of the PY5-BSe-based devices. Our study demonstrates that BSeI is a promising building block for constructing high-performance polymer acceptors and stannylation of electron-deficient building blocks offers an excellent approach to developing A-A type polymers for all-PSCs and even beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiang Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bangbang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shaokuan Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Xihan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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12
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Seo S, Lee JW, Kim DJ, Lee D, Phan TNL, Park J, Tan Z, Cho S, Kim TS, Kim BJ. Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-PM6 Polymer Donors for High-Performance and Mechanically Robust Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300230. [PMID: 36929364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stretchability are the dual requirements for the wearable application of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, most efficient photoactive films are mechanically brittle. In this work, highly efficient (PCE = 18%) and mechanically robust (crack-onset strain (COS) = 18%) PSCs are acheived by designing block copolymer (BCP) donors, PM6-b-PDMSx (x = 5k, 12k, and 19k). In these BCP donors, stretchable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) blocks are covalently linked with the PM6 blocks to effectively increase the stretchability. The stretchability of the BCP donors increases with a longer PDMS block, and PM6-b-PDMS19k :L8-BO PSC exhibits a high PCE (18%) and 9-times higher COS value (18%) compared to that (COS = 2%) of the PM6:L8-BO-based PSC. However, the PM6:L8-BO:PDMS12k ternary blend shows inferior PCE (5%) and COS (1%) due to the macrophase separation between PDMS and active components. In the intrinsically stretchable PSC, the PM6-b-PDMS19k :L8-BO blend exhibits significantly greater mechanical stability PCE80% ((80% of the initial PCE) at 36% strain) than those of the PM6:L8-BO blend (PCE80% at 12% strain) and the PM6:L8-BO:PDMS ternary blend (PCE80% at 4% strain). This study suggests an effective design strategy of BCP PD to achieve stretchable and efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchan Lee
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengping Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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13
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Ma R, Fan Q, Dela Peña TA, Wu B, Liu H, Wu Q, Wei Q, Wu J, Lu X, Li M, Ma W, Li G. Unveiling the Morphological and Physical Mechanism of Burn-in Loss Alleviation by Ternary Matrix Toward Stable and Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212275. [PMID: 36762447 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (All-PSCs) are considered the most promising candidate in achieving both efficient and stable organic photovoltaic devices, yet the field has rarely presented an in-depth understanding of corresponding device stability while efficiency is continuously boosted via the innovation of polymer acceptors. Herein, a ternary matrix is built for all-PSCs with optimized morphology, improved film ductility and importantly, boosted efficiency and better operational stability than its parental binary counterparts, as a platform to study the underlying mechanism. The target system PQM-Cl:PTQ10:PY-IT (0.8:0.2:1.2) exhibits an alleviated burn-in loss of morphology and efficiency under light soaking, which supports its promoted device lifetime. The comprehensive characterizations of fresh and light-soaked active layers lead to a clear illustration of opposite morphological and physical degradation direction of PQM-Cl and PTQ10, thus resulting in a delicate balance at the optimal ternary system. Specifically, the enlarging tendency of PQM-Cl and shrinking preference of PTQ10 in terms of phase separation leads to a stable morphology in their mixing phase; the hole transfer kinetics of PQM-Cl:PY-IT host is stabilized by incorporating PTQ10. This work succeeds in reaching a deep insight into all-PSC's stability promotion by a rational ternary design, which booms the prospect of gaining high-performance all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Ma
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHM) Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qunping Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Top Archie Dela Peña
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Advanced Materials Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baohua Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Advanced Materials Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHM) Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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14
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Zhou Y, Gan X, Shi F, Guo P, Miao W, Liang J, Wang Q, Liu Y, Wang C, Xia Y. Modulation of Dielectric Constant and Photovoltaic Properties of 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole‐based Alternating Copolymers by Adding Fluorine Atoms to the Backbone of Polymers. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Xuemei Gan
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Furong Shi
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Pengzhi Guo
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Wentao Miao
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Junhong Liang
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Chenglong Wang
- National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Center Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
| | - Yangjun Xia
- Organic Semiconductor Materials and Applied Technology Research Center of Gansu province School of Material Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 PR China
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15
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Qiu J, Liu M, Wang Y, Xia X, Liu Q, Guo X, Lu X, Zhang M. Linear Regulating of Polymer Acceptor Aggregation with Short Alkyl Chain Units Enhances All-Polymer Solar Cells' Efficiency. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200753. [PMID: 36377477 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) has ascended rapidly arising from the development of polymerized small-molecule acceptor materials. However, numerous insulating long alkyl chains, which ensure the solubility of the polymer, result in inferior aggregation and charge mobility. Herein, this study proposes a facile random copolymerization strategy of two small molecule acceptor units with different lengths of alkyl side chains and synthesizes a series of polymer acceptors PYT-EHx, where x is the percentage of the short alkyl chain units. The aggregation strength and charge mobility of the acceptors rise linearly with increasing the proportion of short alkyl chain units. Thus, the PYT-EH20 reaches balanced aggregation with the star polymer donor PBDB-T, resulting in optimal morphology, fastest carrier transport, and reduced recombination and energy loss. Consequently, the PYT-EH20-based device yields a 14.8% PCE, a 16% improvement over the control PYT-EH0-based device, accompanied by an increase in open-circuit voltage (Voc ), short-circuit current density (Jsc ), and fill factor (FF). This work demonstrates that the random copolymerization strategy with short alkyl chain insertion is an effective avenue for developing high-performance polymer acceptors, which facilitates further advances in the efficiency of all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Qiu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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16
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Liu B, Sun H, Lee JW, Jiang Z, Qiao J, Wang J, Yang J, Feng K, Liao Q, An M, Li B, Han D, Xu B, Lian H, Niu L, Kim BJ, Guo X. Efficient and stable organic solar cells enabled by multicomponent photoactive layer based on one-pot polymerization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:967. [PMID: 36810743 PMCID: PMC9944902 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of the kinetically trapped bulk heterojunction film morphology in organic solar cells (OSCs) remains a grand challenge for their practical application. Herein, we demonstrate highly thermally stable OSCs using multicomponent photoactive layer synthesized via a facile one-pot polymerization, which show the advantages of low synthetic cost and simplified device fabrication. The OSCs based on multicomponent photoactive layer deliver a high power conversion efficiency of 11.8% and exhibit excellent device stability for over 1000 h (>80% of their initial efficiency retention), realizing a balance between device efficiency and operational lifetime for OSCs. In-depth opto-electrical and morphological properties characterizations revealed that the dominant PM6-b-L15 block polymers with backbone entanglement and the small fraction of PM6 and L15 polymers synergistically contribute to the frozen fine-tuned film morphology and maintain well-balanced charge transport under long-time operation. These findings pave the way towards the development of low-cost and long-term stable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- grid.411863.90000 0001 0067 3588Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China ,grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengyan Jiang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Junqin Qiao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China
| | - Junwei Wang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Kui Feng
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Mingwei An
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Bolin Li
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- grid.411863.90000 0001 0067 3588Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 P.R. China
| | - Baomin Xu
- grid.263817.90000 0004 1773 1790Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 P.R. China
| | - Hongzhen Lian
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XState Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 P.R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China. .,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P.R. China.
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17
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Cai Y, Xie C, Li Q, Liu C, Gao J, Jee MH, Qiao J, Li Y, Song J, Hao X, Woo HY, Tang Z, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Huang H, Sun Y. Improved Molecular Ordering in a Ternary Blend Enables All-Polymer Solar Cells over 18% Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208165. [PMID: 36462166 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) show great commercialization prospects, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) still fall behind their small molecule acceptor-based counterparts. In all-polymer blends, the optimized morphology and high molecular ordering are difficult to achieve since there is troublesome competition between the crystallinity of the polymer donor and acceptor during the film-formation process. Therefore, it is challenging to improve the performance of all-PSCs. Herein, a ternary strategy is adopted to modulate the morphology and the molecular crystallinity of an all-polymer blend, in which PM6:PY-82 is selected as the host blend and PY-DT is employed as a guest component. Benefiting from the favorable miscibility of the two acceptors and the higher regularity of PY-DT, the ternary matrix features a well-defined fibrillar morphology and improved molecular ordering. Consequently, the champion PM6:PY-82:PY-DT device produces a record-high PCE of 18.03%, with simultaneously improved open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor in comparison with the binary devices. High-performance large-area (1 cm2 ) and thick-film (300 nm) all-PSCs are also successfully fabricated with PCEs of 16.35% and 15.70%, respectively.Moreover, 16.5 cm2 organic solar module affords an encouraging PCE of 13.84% when using the non-halogenated solvent , showing the great potential of "Lab-to-Fab" transition of all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Cai
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Cong Xie
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Min Hun Jee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiawei Qiao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Song
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yinhua Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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18
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Yang X, Sun R, Wang Y, Chen M, Xia X, Lu X, Lu G, Min J. Ternary All-Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency up to 18.14% Employing a Two-Step Sequential Deposition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209350. [PMID: 36413076 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a finely tuned active layer morphology with a suitable vertical phase to facilitate both charge generation and charge transport has long been the main goal for pursuing the highly efficient bulk heterojunction all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, a solution to address the above challenge via synergistically combining the ternary blend strategy and the layer-by-layer (LbL) procedure is proposed. By introducing a synthesized polymer acceptor (PA ), PY-Cl, with higher crystallinity into the designed host acceptor PY-SSe-V, vertical phase distribution and molecular ordering of the LbL-type ternary all-PSCs can be improved in comparison to the LbL-type PM6/PY-SSe-V binary all-PSCs. The formation of the superior bulk microstructure can not only promote charge transport and extraction properties but also reduce energetic disorder and non-radiative recombination loss, thus improving all three photovoltaic parameters simultaneously. Consequently, the PM6/(PY-SSe-V:PY-Cl) ternary all-PSCs show the best efficiency of 18.14%, which is among the highest values reported to date for all-PSCs. This work provides a facile and effective LbL-type ternary strategy for obtaining high-efficiency all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Yang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Guanghao Lu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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19
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Liu J, Deng J, Zhu Y, Geng X, Zhang L, Jeong SY, Zhou D, Woo HY, Chen D, Wu F, Chen L. Regulation of Polymer Configurations Enables Green Solvent-Processed Large-Area Binary All-Polymer Solar Cells With Breakthrough Performance and High Efficiency Stretchability Factor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208008. [PMID: 36271739 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the great potential of the all-polymer solar cells for large-area wearable devices, both large-area device efficiency and mechanical flexibility are very critical but attract limited attention. In this work, from the perspective of the polymer configurations, two types of terpolymer acceptors PYTX-A and PYTX-B (X = Cl or H) are developed. The configuration difference caused by the replacement of non-conjugated units results in distinct photovoltaic performance and mechanical flexibility. Benefiting from a good match between the intrinsically slow film-forming of the active materials and the technically slow film-forming of the blade-coating process, the toluene-processed large-area (1.21 cm2 ) binary device achieves a record efficiency of 14.70%. More importantly, a new parameter of efficiency stretchability factor (ESF) is proposed for the first time to comprehensively evaluate the overall device performance. PM6:PYTCl-A and PM6:PYTCl-B yield significantly higher ESF than PM6:PY-IT. Further blending with non-conjugated polymer donor PM6-A, the best ESF of 3.12% is achieved for PM6-A:PYTCl-A, which is among the highest comprehensive performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Deng
- College of Chemistry and Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokang Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lifu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Scientific Research (iASR), Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants, Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Chen
- Institute of Advanced Scientific Research (iASR), Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Feiyan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Lie Chen
- College of Chemistry and Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
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20
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Huang J, Yu H. The high-performance organic solar cells with an improved efficiency and stability by incorporating environmental biomaterial astaxanthin. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Wu D, Shen L, Zhang D, Zhu T, Zheng J, Gong X. Effect of External Magnetic Field on Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2100933. [PMID: 35150178 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymer solar cells (PSCs) with a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) device structure have incredible advantages, such as low-cost fabrication and flexibility. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of BHJ PSCs needs to be further improved to realize their practical applications. In this study, boosted PCEs from PSCs based on BHJ composites incorporated with Fe3 O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), aligned by an external magnetic field (EMF), are reported. It is found that the coercive electric field within the Fe3 O4 MNPs generated by the EMF has a strong and positive influence on the charge generation, which results in a more than 10% increase in free charge carriers. Moreover, the coercive electric field speeds up the charge carrier transport and suppresses charge carrier recombination within PSCs. In addition, a shortened extraction time makes charge carriers more likely to make it to the electrodes. As a result, more than 15% enhancement in PCE is observed from the PSCs based on the BHJ composite incorporated with the Fe3 O4 MNPs and the EMF as compared with that based on the BHJ composite thin film. This work indicates that the incorporation of MNPs and the EMF is a facile way to enhance the PCEs of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhen Wu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Lenning Shen
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Tao Zhu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Xiong Gong
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Chemical, Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering, College of Engineering and Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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22
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Phan TNL, Lee JW, Oh ES, Lee S, Lee C, Kim TS, Li S, Kim BJ. Efficient and Nonhalogenated Solvent-Processed Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Block Copolymers Containing the Same Benzodithiophene Unit. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57070-57081. [PMID: 36515660 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on conjugated block copolymers (CBCs) have gained considerable attention owing to their simple one-pot solution process. However, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) require significant improvement. Furthermore, the majority of efficient CBC-based OSCs are processed using environmentally toxic halogenated solvents. Herein, we develop a new CBC (PBDB-T-b-PY5BDT) and demonstrate efficient and stable OSCs achieved by a halogen-free solution process. We design a (D1-A1)-b-(D1-A2)-type CBC (PBDB-T-b-PY5BDT) that shares the same benzodithiophene (BDT) units in donor and acceptor blocks. This alleviates unfavorable molecular interactions between the blocks at their interfaces. The PBDB-T-b-PY5BDT-based devices exhibit a high PCE (10.55%), and they show good mechanical, thermal, and storage stabilities. Importantly, we discuss the potential of our OSCs by preparing two different control systems: one based on a binary polymer blend (PBDB-T:PY5BDT) and another based on a conjugated random copolymer (CRC, PBDB-T-r-PY5BDT). We demonstrate that the photovoltaic performance, device stability, and mechanical robustness of the CBC-based OSCs exceed those of the binary all-polymer solar cells and CRC-based OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sung Oh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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23
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Chen S, Zheng H, Liu X, Peng J. Tailoring Co-crystallization over Microphase Separation in Conjugated Block Copolymers via Rational Film Processing for Field-Effect Transistors. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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24
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Lee JW, Seo S, Lee SW, Kim GU, Han S, Phan TNL, Lee S, Li S, Kim TS, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Intrinsically Stretchable, Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Polymer Donors Featuring Hydrogen-Bonding Spacers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207544. [PMID: 36153847 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells (IS-OSCs), consisting of all stretchable layers, are attracting significant attention as a future power source for wearable electronics. However, most of the efficient active layers for OSCs are mechanically brittle due to their rigid molecular structures designed for high electrical and optical properties. Here, a series of new polymer donors (PD s, PhAmX) featuring phenyl amide (N1 ,N3 -bis((5-bromothiophen-2-yl)methyl)isophthalamide, PhAm)-based flexible spacer (FS) inducing hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) interactions is developed. These PD s enable IS-OSCs with a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.73% and excellent stretchability (PCE retention of >80% of the initial value at 32% strain), representing the best performances among the reported IS-OSCs to date. The incorporation of PhAm-based FS enhances the molecular ordering of PD s as well as their interactions with a Y7 acceptor, enhancing the mechanical stretchability and electrical properties simultaneously. It is also found that in rigid OSCs, the PhAm5:Y7 blend achieves a much higher PCE of 17.5% compared to that of the reference PM6:Y7 blend. The impact of the PhAm-FS linker on the mechanical and photovoltaic properties of OSCs is thoroughly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungseok Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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25
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Lim C, Lee S, Han D, Lee C, Kim BJ. Composition-Tolerant Terpolymers for Efficient, Nonhalogenated Solvent-Processed Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chulhee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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26
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Yue Y, Zheng B, Ni J, Yang W, Huo L, Wang J, Jiang L. All-Polymer Solar Cells with 17% Efficiency Enabled by the "End-Capped" Ternary Strategy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204030. [PMID: 36192161 PMCID: PMC9661854 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have received increasing attention and made tremendous progress. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-PSCs still lags behind the polymer-donor-small-molecule-acceptor based organic solar cells, owing to the excessive phase separation with poor miscibility between polymer donor and acceptor. In this research, an "end-capped" ternary strategy is proposed by introducing PM6TPO as a third component to fabricate highly efficient all-PSCs. The PM6:PM6TPO:PY-IT based ternary devices exhibit impressive PCE of 17.0% with enhanced light absorption and optimal morphology, and the introduction of PM6TPO significantly reduces the phase separation. The ternary devices also exhibit improved stability, outstanding tolerance of active layer thickness, and high performance of 1 cm2 unit cells. More importantly, the "end-capped" ternary strategy enables efficient and facile improvement of all-PSCs performance without additional selection and complicated synthesis for the third component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Yue
- (CAS) Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jianling Ni
- School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- (CAS) Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Lijun Huo
- School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Wang
- (CAS) Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- (CAS) Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Future TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)Beijing100049P. R. China
- Ji Hua LaboratoryFoshanGuangdong528000P. R. China
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Xu X, Li Y, Peng Q. Ternary Blend Organic Solar Cells: Understanding the Morphology from Recent Progress. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107476. [PMID: 34796991 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ternary blend organic solar cells (TB-OSCs) incorporating multiple donor and/or acceptor materials into the active layer have emerged as a promising strategy to simultaneously improve the overall device parameters for realizing higher performances than binary devices. Whereas introducing multiple materials also results in a more complicated morphology than their binary blend counterparts. Understanding the morphology is crucially important for further improving the device performance of TB-OSC. This review introduces the solubility and miscibility parameters that affect the morphology of ternary blends. Then, this review summarizes the recent processes of morphology study on ternary blends from the aspects of molecular crystallinity, molecular packing orientation, domain size and purity, directly observation of morphology, vertical phase separation as well as morphological stability. Finally, summary and prospects of TB-OSCs are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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28
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Sun G, Jiang X, Li X, Meng L, Zhang J, Qin S, Kong X, Li J, Xin J, Ma W, Li Y. High performance polymerized small molecule acceptor by synergistic optimization on π-bridge linker and side chain. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5267. [PMID: 36071034 PMCID: PMC9452561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32964-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The polymerized small-molecule acceptors have attracted great attention for application as polymer acceptor in all-polymer solar cells recently. The modification of small molecule acceptor building block and the π-bridge linker is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the polymer acceptors. In this work, we synthesized a new polymer acceptor PG-IT2F which is a modification of the representative polymer acceptor PY-IT by replacing its upper linear alkyl side chains on the small molecule building block with branched alkyl chains and attaching difluorene substituents on its thiophene π-bridge linker. Through this synergistic optimization, PG-IT2F possesses more suitable phase separation, increased charge transportation, better exciton dissociation, lower bimolecular recombination, and longer charge transfer state lifetime than PY-IT in their polymer solar cells with PM6 as polymer donor. Therefore, the devices based on PM6:PG-IT2F demonstrated a high power conversion efficiency of 17.24%, which is one of the highest efficiency reported for the binary all polymer solar cells to date. This work indicates that the synergistic regulation of small molecule acceptor building block and π-bridge linker plays a key role in designing and developing highly efficient polymer acceptors. The modification of small molecule acceptor building block and π−bridge linker is effective to improve photovoltaic performance. Here, the authors replace linear with branched alkyl chains and introduce difluorene-substituted linker to realise all-polymer solar cells with efficiency of 17.24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpei Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolei Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Li L, Meng F, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhao D. Revisiting the Dithienophthalimide Building Block: Improved Synthetic Method Yielding New High‐Performance Polymer Donors for Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206311. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Fei Meng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhi‐Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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30
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Chen Q, Han YH, Franco LR, Marchiori CFN, Genene Z, Araujo CM, Lee JW, Phan TNL, Wu J, Yu D, Kim DJ, Kim TS, Hou L, Kim BJ, Wang E. Effects of Flexible Conjugation-Break Spacers of Non-Conjugated Polymer Acceptors on Photovoltaic and Mechanical Properties of All-Polymer Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:164. [PMID: 35962874 PMCID: PMC9375791 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Highlights A series of non-conjugated acceptor polymers with flexible conjugation-break spacers (FCBSs) of different lengths were synthesized. The effect of FCBSs length on solubility of the acceptor polymers, and their photovoltaic and mechanical properties in all-polymer solar cells were explored. This work provides useful guidelines for the design of semiconducting polymers by introducing FCBS with proper length, which can giantly improved properties that are not possible to be achieved by the state-of-the-art fully conjugated polymers. Abstract All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) possess attractive merits including superior thermal stability and mechanical flexibility for large-area roll-to-roll processing. Introducing flexible conjugation-break spacers (FCBSs) into backbones of polymer donor (P D) or polymer acceptor (P A) has been demonstrated as an efficient approach to enhance both the photovoltaic (PV) and mechanical properties of the all-PSCs. However, length dependency of FCBS on certain all-PSC related properties has not been systematically explored. In this regard, we report a series of new non-conjugated P As by incorporating FCBS with various lengths (2, 4, and 8 carbon atoms in thioalkyl segments). Unlike common studies on so-called side-chain engineering, where longer side chains would lead to better solubility of those resulting polymers, in this work, we observe that the solubilities and the resulting photovoltaic/mechanical properties are optimized by a proper FCBS length (i.e. , C2) in P A named PYTS-C2. Its all-PSC achieves a high efficiency of 11.37%, and excellent mechanical robustness with a crack onset strain of 12.39%, significantly superior to those of the other P As. These results firstly demonstrate the effects of FCBS lengths on the PV performance and mechanical properties of the all-PSCs, providing an effective strategy to fine-tune the structures of P As for highly efficient and mechanically robust PSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40820-022-00884-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaonan Chen
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Yung Hee Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Leandro R Franco
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, 65188, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Cleber F N Marchiori
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, 65188, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Zewdneh Genene
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - C Moyses Araujo
- Department of Engineering and Physics, Karlstad University, 65188, Karlstad, Sweden
- Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingnan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Donghong Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Lintao Hou
- Siyuan Laboratory, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy Materials, Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Göteborg, Sweden.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Zhang G, Lin FR, Qi F, Heumüller T, Distler A, Egelhaaf HJ, Li N, Chow PCY, Brabec CJ, Jen AKY, Yip HL. Renewed Prospects for Organic Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14180-14274. [PMID: 35929847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have progressed steadily through three stages of photoactive materials development: (i) use of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and fullerene-based acceptors (FAs) for optimizing bulk heterojunctions; (ii) development of new donors to better match with FAs; (iii) development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). The development and application of NFAs with an A-D-A configuration (where A = acceptor and D = donor) has enabled devices to have efficient charge generation and small energy losses (Eloss < 0.6 eV), resulting in substantially higher power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) than FA-based devices. The discovery of Y6-type acceptors (Y6 = 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]-thiadiazolo[3,4-e]-thieno[2″,3″:4',5']thieno-[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo-[3,2-g]thieno-[2',3':4,5]thieno-[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile) with an A-DA' D-A configuration has further propelled the PCEs to go beyond 15% due to smaller Eloss values (∼0.5 eV) and higher external quantum efficiencies. Subsequently, the PCEs of Y6-series single-junction devices have increased to >19% and may soon approach 20%. This review provides an update of recent progress of OPV in the following aspects: developments of novel NFAs and donors, understanding of the structure-property relationships and underlying mechanisms of state-of-the-art OPVs, and tasks underpinning the commercialization of OPVs, such as device stability, module development, potential applications, and high-throughput manufacturing. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the remaining challenges for the further development of OPV technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,School of Semiconductor Science and Technology, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas Heumüller
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Distler
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstrasse 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
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32
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Fu H, Peng Z, Fan Q, Lin FR, Qi F, Ran Y, Wu Z, Fan B, Jiang K, Woo HY, Lu G, Ade H, Jen AKY. A Top-Down Strategy to Engineer ActiveLayer Morphology for Highly Efficient and Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202608. [PMID: 35748129 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge hindering the further development of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) employing polymerized small-molecule acceptors is the relatively low fill factor (FF) due to the difficulty in controlling the active-layer morphology. The issues typically arise from oversized phase separation resulting from the thermodynamically unfavorable mixing between two macromolecular species, and disordered molecular orientation/packing of highly anisotropic polymer chains. Herein, a facile top-down controlling strategy to engineer the morphology of all-polymer blends is developed by leveraging the layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition. Optimal intermixing of polymer components can be achieved in the two-step process by tuning the bottom-layer polymer swelling during top-layer deposition. Consequently, both the molecular orientation/packing of the bottom layer and the molecular ordering of the top layer can be optimized with a suitable top-layer processing solvent. A favorable morphology with gradient vertical composition distribution for efficient charge transport and extraction is therefore realized, affording a high all-PSC efficiency of 17.0% with a FF of 76.1%. The derived devices also possess excellent long-term thermal stability and can retain >90% of their initial efficiencies after being annealed at 65 °C for 1300 h. These results validate the distinct advantages of employing an LBL processing protocol to fabricate high-performance all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhengxing Peng
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Qunping Fan
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Francis R Lin
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Feng Qi
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yixin Ran
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Baobing Fan
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Guanghao Lu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
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33
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Zhou D, Liao C, Peng S, Xu X, Guo Y, Xia J, Meng H, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. Binary Blend All-Polymer Solar Cells with a Record Efficiency of 17.41% Enabled by Programmed Fluorination Both on Donor and Acceptor Blocks. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202022. [PMID: 35748169 PMCID: PMC9376845 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable breakthrough made by virtue of "polymerized small-molecule acceptor (PSMA)" strategy recently, the limited selection pool of high-performance polymer acceptors and long-standing challenge in morphology control impede their further developments. Herein, three PSMAs of PYDT-2F, PYDT-3F, and PYDT-4F are developed by introducing different fluorine atoms on the end groups and/or bithiophene spacers to fine-tune their optoelectronic properties for high-performance PSMAs. The PSMAs exhibit narrow bandgap and energy levels that match well with PM6 donor. The fluorination promotes the crystallization of the polymer chain for enhanced electron mobility, which is further improved by following n-doping with benzyl viologen additive. Moreover, the miscibility is also improved by introducing more fluorine atoms, which promotes the intermixing with PM6 donor. Among them, PYDT-3F exhibits well-balanced high crystallinity and miscibility with PM6 donor; thus, the layer-by-layer processed PM6/PYDT-3F film obtains an optimal nanofibril morphology with submicron length and ≈23 nm width of fibrils, facilitating the charge separation and transport. The resulting PM6/PYDT-3F devices realizes a record high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.41% and fill factor of 77.01%, higher than the PM6/PYDT-2F (PCE = 16.25%) and PM6/PYDT-4F (PCE = 16.77%) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Zhou
- College of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Chentong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Shaoqian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingCenter of Smart Materials and DevicesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Division of Physics and Applied PhysicsSchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University21 Nanyang LinkSingapore637371Singapore
| | - Jianlong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingCenter of Smart Materials and DevicesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China
| | - Huifeng Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LabSuffolkUptonNY 11973USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- College of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065P. R. China
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Park JS, Kim GU, Lee S, Lee JW, Li S, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201623. [PMID: 35765775 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have greatly enhanced their commercial viability. Considering the technical standards (e.g., mechanical robustness) required for wearable electronics, which are promising application platforms for OSCs, the development of fully stretchable OSCs (f-SOSCs) should be accelerated. Here, a comprehensive overview of f-SOSCs, which are aimed to reliably operate under various forms of mechanical stress, including bending and multidirectional stretching, is provided. First, the mechanical requirements of f-SOSCs, in terms of tensile and cohesion/adhesion properties, are summarized along with the experimental methods to evaluate those properties. Second, essential studies to make each layer of f-SOSCs stretchable and efficient are discussed, emphasizing strategies to simultaneously enhance the photovoltaic and mechanical properties of the active layer, ranging from material design to fabrication control. Key improvements to the other components/layers (i.e., substrate, electrodes, and interlayers) are also covered. Lastly, considering that f-SOSC research is in its infancy, the current challenges and future prospects are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Ye S, Lotocki V, Xu H, Seferos DS. Group 16 conjugated polymers based on furan, thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6442-6474. [PMID: 35843215 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five-membered aromatic rings containing Group 16 elements (O, S, Se, and Te), also referred as chalcogenophenes, are ubiquitous building blocks for π-conjugated polymers (CPs). Among these, polythiophenes have been established as a model system to study the interplay between molecular structure, solid-state organization, and electronic performance. The judicious substitution of alternative heteroatoms into polythiophenes is a promising strategy for tuning their properties and improving the performance of derived organic electronic devices, thus leading to the recent abundance of CPs containing furan, selenophene, and tellurophene. In this review, we first discuss the current status of Kumada, Negishi, Murahashi, Suzuki-Miyaura, and direct arylation polymerizations, representing the best routes to access well-defined chalcogenophene-containing homopolymers and copolymers. The self-assembly, optical, solid-state, and electronic properties of these polymers and their influence on device performance are then summarized. In addition, we highlight post-polymerization modifications as effective methods to transform polychalcogenophene backbones or side chains in ways that are unobtainable by direct polymerization. Finally, the major challenges and future outlook in this field are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada. .,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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Han D, Lim C, Phan TNL, Kim Y, Kim BJ. Benzotriazole-Based Non-Fused Ring Acceptors for Efficient and Thermally Stable Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200530. [PMID: 35866445 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-fused ring acceptors (NFRAs) have attracted significant attention for non-fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) owing to their chemical tunability and facile synthesis. In this study, a benzotriazole-based NFRA with chlorinated end groups (Triazole-4Cl) is developed to realize highly efficient and thermally stable NFRA-based OSCs; an analogous NFRA with non-chlorinated end groups (Triazole-H) is synthesized for comparison. Triazole-4Cl film exhibits the high-order packing structure and the near-infrared absorption capability, which are advantageous in charge transport and light harvesting of the resulting OSCs. In particular, the strong crystalline behavior of Triazole-4Cl results in enhanced self-aggregation, leading to high charge carrier mobility. Owing to these properties, a PBDB-T(polymer donor):Triazole-4Cl OSC demonstrates a high short-circuit current, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency (PCE = 10.46%), outperforming a PBDB-T:Triazole-H OSC (PCE = 7.65%). In addition, the thermal stability of a PBDB-T:Triazole-4Cl OSC at an elevated temperature of 120°C exceeds that of a PBDB-T:Triazole-H OSC. This is mainly attributed to the significantly higher cold crystallization temperature of Triazole-4Cl (205.9°C). This work provides useful guidelines for the design of NFRAs to achieve efficient and thermally stable NFRA-based OSCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehee Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkwon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Liu M, Wu J, Guo X, Wang Y, Yin Z, Zhang M. Fine-tuned Morphology Based on Two Well-miscible Polymer Donors Enables Higher Open-circuit Voltage and Enhanced Stability for Highly Efficient Ternary All-Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200411. [PMID: 35802865 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Developing organic solar cells (OSCs) based on a ternary active layer by simply incorporating a third component is one of the most effective approaches to improve their photovoltaic performance. However, limited success has been achieved in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). In this study, a ternary all-PSC with improved efficiency and stability is realized by using J71 as the third component to adjust the host system of PBDB-T:PG1. The deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of J71 downshifts the mixed HOMO energy levels of donors. The two polymer donors (PD s) have good miscibility and present Förster resonance energy transfer. When blended with PG1, the optimized morphology is obtained, showing enhanced crystallinity but meanwhile slightly reduced phase separation with improved exciton dissociation and collection efficiency, suppressed monomer and bimolecular recombination, and reduced energy loss (0.55 eV). Combining the benefits mentioned above, the ternary all-PSC exhibits an excellent efficiency of 12.8% with simultaneously elevated open-circuit voltage (0.96 V), short-circuit current density (18.4 mA cm-2 ), and fill factor (72.2%) when compared with binary devices. Moreover, the optimized ternary all-PSC shows improved storage stability and thermal stability. This study demonstrates that the utilization of a ternary all-polymer system based on two well-miscible PD s is an effective strategy to enhance the photovoltaic performance and stability of all-PSCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jingnan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, DK-9220, Denmark
| | - Xia Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Yang T, Yao S, Liu T, Huang B, Xiao Y, Liu H, Lu X, Zou B. Tailoring the Morphology's Microevolution for Binary All-Polymer Solar Cells Processed by Aromatic Hydrocarbon Solvent with 16.22% Efficiency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29956-29963. [PMID: 35729794 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a systematic solvent selection for eco-friendly processed binary all-polymer solar cells (APSCs) with decent power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Three typical solvents, toluene, o-xylene, and 1,2,4-trimethylbezene, are chosen and compared. The device enabled by o-xylene exhibits the most outstanding PCE of 16.22%, thanks to its favorable morphology, which is to say a well-formed face-on orientation packing motif and a suitable crystallinity and size of phase segregation. Consequently, the solar cell affords sufficient charge generation, as well as efficient and balanced charge transport, which are all positive to pursuing high efficiency. This work offers an understanding of using complete solvent selection as the strategy to realize high-performance devices by sophisticatedly controlling the morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Julong College, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Shangfei Yao
- Guangxi Key Lab of Processing for Nonferrous Metals and Featured Materials and Key lab of new Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education; School of Resources, Environments and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Processing for Nonferrous Metals and Featured Materials and Key lab of new Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education; School of Resources, Environments and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Bingzhang Huang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou 545610, China
| | - Yiqun Xiao
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, New Territories Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Processing for Nonferrous Metals and Featured Materials and Key lab of new Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education; School of Resources, Environments and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Li L, Meng F, Zhang M, Zhang ZG, Zhao D. Revisiting the Dithenophthalimide Building Block: Improved Synthetic Method Yielding New High‐Performance Polymer Donors of Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Li
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Chemistry CHINA
| | - Fei Meng
- Nankai University College of Chemistry Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- Nankai University State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Weijin Rd. 94 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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Luo Z, Ma R, Yu J, Liu H, Liu T, Ni F, Hu J, Zou Y, Zeng A, Su CJ, Jeng US, Lu X, Gao F, Yang C, Yan H. Heteroheptacene-based acceptors with thieno[3 ,2- b]pyrrole yield high-performance polymer solar cells. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac076. [PMID: 35832772 PMCID: PMC9273303 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationally utilizing and developing synthetic units is of particular significance for the design of high-performance non-fullerene small-molecule acceptors (SMAs). Here, a thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole synthetic unit was employed to develop a set of SMAs (ThPy1, ThPy2, ThPy3 and ThPy4) by changing the number or the position of the pyrrole ring in the central core based on a standard SMA of IT-4Cl, compared to which the four thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole-based acceptors exhibit bathochromic absorption and upshifted frontier orbital energy level due to the strong electron-donating ability of pyrrole. As a result, the polymer solar cells (PSCs) of the four thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole-based acceptors yield higher open-circuit voltage and lower energy loss relative to those of the IT-4Cl-based device. What is more, the ThPy3-based device achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) (15.3%) and an outstanding fill factor (FF) (0.771) that are superior to the IT-4Cl-based device (PCE = 12.6%, FF = 0.758). The ThPy4-based device realizes the lowest energy loss and the smallest optical band gap, and the ternary PSC device based on PM6:BTP-eC9:ThPy4 exhibits a PCE of 18.43% and a FF of 0.802. Overall, this work sheds light on the great potential of thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole-based SMAs in realizing low energy loss and high PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Fan Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiahao Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Anping Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Chun-Jen Su
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, China
| | - U-Ser Jeng
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Light-Emitting Diode and Flat Panel Display Technology Research & Development Center, Foshan 526040, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Foshan Research Institute for Smart Manufacturing, Hong Kong, China
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41
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Advances in Green-Solvent-Processable All-Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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42
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Planarized Polymer Acceptor Featuring High Electron Mobility for Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ma S, Zhang H, Feng K, Guo X. Polymer Acceptors for High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200222. [PMID: 35266214 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their pronounced advantages of excellent mechanical flexibility/stretchability and greatly enhanced device stability as compared to other types of organic solar cells (OSCs). Thanks to the extensive research efforts dedicated to the development of polymer acceptors, all-PSCs have achieved remarkable improvement of photovoltaic performance, recently. This review summarizes the recent progress of polymer acceptors based on the key electron-deficient building blocks, which include bithiophene imide (BTI) derivatives, boron-nitrogen coordination bond (B←N)-incorporated (hetero)arenes, cyano-functionalized (hetero)arenes, and fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs). In addition, single-component-based all-PSCs are also briefly discussed. The structure-property correlations of polymer acceptors are elaborated in detail. Finally, we offer our insights into the development of new electron-deficient building blocks with further optimized properties and the polymers built from them for efficient all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiang Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China.,Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Sun C, Angunawela I, Meng L, Qin S, Zhou L, Li S, Zhuo H, Yang G, Zhang ZG, Ade H, Li Y. 16.52% Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells with High Tolerance of the Photoactive Layer Thickness. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108749. [PMID: 35290692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have drawn growing attention and achieved tremendous progress recently, but their power conversion efficiency (PCE) still lags behind small-molecule-acceptor (SMA)-based PSCs due to the relative difficulty on morphology control of polymer photoactive blends. Here, low-cost PTQ10 is introduced as a second polymer donor (a third component) into the PM6:PY-IT blend to finely tune the energy-level matching and microscopic morphology of the polymer blend photoactive layer. The addition of PTQ10 decreases the π-π stacking distance, and increases the π-π stacking coherence length and the ordered face-on molecular packing orientation, which improves the charge separation and transport in the photoactive layer. Moreover, the deeper highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the PTQ10 polymer donor than PM6 leads to higher open-circuit voltage of the ternary all-PSCs. As a result, a PCE of 16.52% is achieved for ternary all-PSCs, which is one of the highest PCEs for all-PSCs. In addition, the ternary devices exhibit a high tolerance of the photoactive layer thickness with high PCEs of 15.27% and 13.91% at photoactive layer thickness of ≈205 and ≈306 nm, respectively, which are the highest PCEs so far for all-PSCs with a thick photoactive layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chenkai Sun
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Indunil Angunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaman Li
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongmei Zhuo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic/Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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Yue Y, Zheng B, Yang W, Huo L, Wang J, Jiang L. Meniscus-Assisted Coating with Optimized Active-Layer Morphology toward Highly Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108508. [PMID: 34932849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphology control is the key to engineering highly efficient solution-processed solar cells. Focusing on the most promising application-oriented photovoltaic all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), herein a facile and effective meniscus-assisted-coating (MAC) strategy is reported for preparing high-quality blend films with enhanced crystallinity and an interpenetrating nanofiber network morphology. The all-PSCs based on MAC exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties with efficiencies exceeding 15%, which is the best performance of solution-printing-based all-PSCs, as well as better stability. The crystallization kinetics of the polymer blend film is investigated by in situ UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and the result explains the linear relationship between the meniscus advance speed and the crystallinity (crystallization rate) of the polymer. To verify the compatibility and universality of this strategy, the MAC strategy is applied to the other three binary systems. By precisely controlling the meniscus advancing speed, 1 cm2 all-PSC devices whose efficiencies exceed 12% are fabricated. Such progress demonstrates that the application of the MAC strategy is a promising approach for the fabrication of high-efficiency all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Huo
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, P. R. China
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48
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Sun Y, Ma R, Kan Y, Liu T, Zhou K, Liu P, Fang J, Chen Y, Ye L, Ma C, Yan H, Gao K. Simultaneously Enhanced Efficiency and Mechanical Durability in Ternary Solar Cells Enabled by Low-Cost Incompletely Separated Fullerenes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200139. [PMID: 35319114 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are one of the most promising application-oriented organic photovoltaic technologies due to their excellent operational and mechanical stability. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are mostly lower than 16%, restricting their core competitiveness. Furthermore, the improvement of mechanical durability is rarely paid attention to cutting-edge all-PSCs. This work deploys a low-cost "technical grade" PCBM (incompletely separated but pure mixtures containing ≥90% [70]PCBM or [60]PCBM), into the efficient PM6:PY-IT all-polymer blend, successfully yielding a high-performance ternary device with 16.16% PCE, among the highest PCE values for all-PSCs. Meanwhile, an excellent mechanical property (i.e., crack onset strain = 11.1%) promoted from 9.5% for the ternary system is also demonstrated. The "technical grade" PCBM slightly disrupts the crystallization of polymers, and disperses well into the amorphous polymer regions of the all-PSC blends, thus facilitating charge transport and improving film ductility simultaneously. All these results confirm introducing low-cost "technical grade" PCBM with high electron mobility into all-polymer blends can improve carrier mobility, reduce charge recombination, and optimize morphology of the amorphous polymer regions, thus yielding more efficient and mechanically durable all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Sun
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kan
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kangkang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Pengke Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jin Fang
- i-Lab & Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yirao Chen
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Changqi Ma
- i-Lab & Printable Electronics Research Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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49
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Fu H, Li Y, Wu Z, Lin FR, Woo HY, Jen AKY. Side-chain Substituents on Benzotriazole-based Polymer Acceptors Affecting the Performance of All-polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200062. [PMID: 35318766 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the strategy of polymerized small-molecule acceptors (PSMAs) has attracted extensive attention for applications in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Although side-chain engineering is considered as a simple and effective strategy for manipulating polymer properties, the corresponding effect on photovoltaic performance of PSMAs in all-PSCs has not been systemically investigated. Herein, we present a series of PSMAs based on the benzotriazole (BTz)-core fused SMAs with different N-alkyl chains including branched 2-butyloctyl, linear n-octyl, and methyl on the BTz unit, namely PZT-C12, PZT-C8, and PZT-C1, respectively. Comparative studies show that the size of alkyl chains has a significant impact on the solid-state behavior of PZT polymers, which in turn affects their light absorption and charge transporting capacities, and subsequently the all-PSC performances. When combining with the polymer donor PBDB-T, PZT-C1 affords a champion power conversion efficiency of 14.9%, compared to 13.1% of PZT-C12, and 13.8% of PZT-C8 in the resultant all-PSCs, mainly benefiting from its better crystallinity and the more favorable blend morphology. This work emphasizes the importance of optimizing side-chain substituents on PSMAs for improving the device efficiency of all-PSCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yuxiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.,Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195-2120, United States
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50
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Wang Z, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Li Y. Accessing Highly Efficient Photothermal Conversion with Stable Open-Shell Aromatic Nitric Acid Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113653. [PMID: 34978127 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is very challenging to prepare stable radicals as they are usually thermodynamically or kinetically unstable in air. Herein, a series of star-shaped aromatic nitric acid radicals were prepared via facile demethylation and consequent oxidation. As phenol radicals without steric hindrance group protection, they exhibit high electrochemical and thermal stability due to their rich resonance structures including closed-shell nitro-like and open-shell nitroxide structure with unpaired electrons delocalized in conjugated backbones. Among them, TPA-TPA-O6 powder exhibited extremely wide absorption from 300 to 2000 nm covering the whole solar spectral irradiance, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and negligible photobleaching effect in seawater desalination. Under the irradiation of one sunlight, the water evaporation efficiency of TPA-TPA-O6 is recorded to be as high as 89.41 % and the water evaporation rate is 1.293 kg m-2 h-1 , which represents the top performance in pure organic small molecule photothermal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yiheng Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Weiya Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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