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Zhan L, Chen S, Xin Y, Lv J, Fu H, Gao D, Jiang F, Zhou X, Wang N, Lee PS. Dual-Responsive MXene-Functionalized Wool Yarn Artificial Muscles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2402196. [PMID: 38650164 PMCID: PMC11220689 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Fiber-based artificial muscles are promising for smart textiles capable of sensing, interacting, and adapting to environmental stimuli. However, the application of current artificial muscle-based textiles in wearable and engineering fields has largely remained a constraint due to the limited deformation, restrictive stimulation, and uncomfortable. Here, dual-responsive yarn muscles with high contractile actuation force are fabricated by incorporating a very small fraction (<1 wt.%) of Ti3C2Tx MXene/cellulose nanofibers (CNF) composites into self-plied and twisted wool yarns. They can lift and lower a load exceeding 3400 times their own weight when stimulated by moisture and photothermal. Furthermore, the yarn muscles are coiled homochirally or heterochirally to produce spring-like muscles, which generated over 550% elongation or 83% contraction under the photothermal stimulation. The actuation mechanism, involving photothermal/moisture-mechanical energy conversion, is clarified by a combination of experiments and finite element simulations. Specifically, MXene/CNF composites serve as both photothermal and hygroscopic agents to accelerate water evaporation under near-infrared (NIR) light and moisture absorption from ambient air. Due to their low-cost facile fabrication, large scalable dimensions, and robust strength coupled with dual responsiveness, these soft actuators are attractive for intelligent textiles and devices such as self-adaptive textiles, soft robotics, and wearable information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxiang Zhan
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced TextilesCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Shaohua Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Yangyang Xin
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Jian Lv
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Hongbo Fu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Dace Gao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Xinran Zhou
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Ni Wang
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Advanced TextilesCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
- Engineering Research Center of Technical TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
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Liao Q, Ren H, Xu J, Wang P, Yuan B, Zhang H. Combined experiments and molecular simulations for understanding the thermo-responsive behavior and gelation of methylated glucans with different glycosidic linkages. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:315-325. [PMID: 38936088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Elucidation of the micro-mechanisms of sol-gel transition of gelling glucans with different glycosidic linkages is crucial for understanding their structure-property relationship and for various applications. Glucans with distinct molecular chain structures exhibit unique gelation behaviors. The disparate gelation phenomena observed in two methylated glucans, methylated (1,3)-β-d-glucan of curdlan (MECD) and methylated (1,4)-β-d-glucan of cellulose (MC), notwithstanding their equivalent degrees of substitution, are intricately linked to their unique molecular architectures and interactions between glucan and water. EXPERIMENTS Density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations focused on the electronic property distinctions between MECD and MC, alongside conformational variations during thermal gelation. Inline attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tracked secondary structure alterations in MECD and MC. To corroborate the simulation results, additional analyses including circular dichroism, rheology, and micro-differential scanning calorimetry were performed. FINDINGS Despite having similar thermally induced gel networks, MECD and MC display distinct physical gelation patterns and molecular-level conformational changes during gelation. The network of MC gel was formed via a "coil-to-ring" transition, followed by ring stacking. In contrast, the MECD gel comprised compact irregular helices accompanied by notable volume shrinkage. These variations in gelation behavior are ascribed to heightened hydrophobic interactions and diminished hydrogen bonding in both systems upon heating, resulting in gelation. These findings provide valuable insights into the microstructural changes during gelation and the thermo-gelation mechanisms of structurally similar polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Liao
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huimin Ren
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiatong Xu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pengguang Wang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Baihua Yuan
- Institute of Marine Equipment, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Yang L, Zhang Y, Cai W, Tan J, Hansen H, Wang H, Chen Y, Zhu M, Mu J. Electrochemically-driven actuators: from materials to mechanisms and from performance to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5956-6010. [PMID: 38721851 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Soft actuators, pivotal for converting external energy into mechanical motion, have become increasingly vital in a wide range of applications, from the subtle engineering of soft robotics to the demanding environments of aerospace exploration. Among these, electrochemically-driven actuators (EC actuators), are particularly distinguished by their operation through ion diffusion or intercalation-induced volume changes. These actuators feature notable advantages, including precise deformation control under electrical stimuli, freedom from Carnot efficiency limitations, and the ability to maintain their actuated state with minimal energy use, akin to the latching state in skeletal muscles. This review extensively examines EC actuators, emphasizing their classification based on diverse material types, driving mechanisms, actuator configurations, and potential applications. It aims to illuminate the complicated driving mechanisms of different categories, uncover their underlying connections, and reveal the interdependencies among materials, mechanisms, and performances. We conduct an in-depth analysis of both conventional and emerging EC actuator materials, casting a forward-looking lens on their trajectories and pinpointing areas ready for innovation and performance enhancement strategies. We also navigate through the challenges and opportunities within the field, including optimizing current materials, exploring new materials, and scaling up production processes. Overall, this review aims to provide a scientifically robust narrative that captures the current state of EC actuators and sets a trajectory for future innovation in this rapidly advancing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wenting Cai
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Junlong Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Heather Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
- Shanghai Dianji University, 201306, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Jiuke Mu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Road, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Du C, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhou S, Ma Y, Li S, Zhang Y. Flexible and Simply Degradable MXene-Methylcellulose Piezoresistive Sensor for Human Motion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:12996-13005. [PMID: 38422506 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are intensively demanded in various fields such as electronic skin, medical and health detection, wearable electronics, etc. MXene is considered an excellent sensing material due to its benign metal conductivity and adjustable interlayer distance. Exhibiting both high sensitivity and long-term stability is currently an urgent pursuit in MXene-based flexible pressure sensors. In this work, high-strength methylcellulose was introduced into the MXene film to increase the interlayer distance of 2D nanosheets and fundamentally overcome the self-stacking problem. Thus, concurrent improvement of the sensing capability and mechanical strength was obtained. By appropriately modulating the ratio of methylcellulose and MXene, the obtained pressure sensor presents a high sensitivity of 19.41 kPa-1 (0.88-24.09 kPa), good stability (10000 cycles), and complete biodegradation in H2O2 solution within 2 days. Besides, the sensor is capable of detecting a wide range of human activities (pulse, gesture, joint movement, etc.) and can precisely recognize spatial pressure distribution, which serves as a good candidate for next-generation wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhou Du
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shengyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery, School of Mathematics, Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, P. R. China
| | - Shuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Center for Smart Materials and Device Integration, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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Chen S, Tan SF, Singh H, Liu L, Etienne M, Lee PS. Functionalized MXene Films with Substantially Improved Low-Voltage Actuation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307045. [PMID: 37787743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Ti3 C2 Tx MXene film is promising for low-voltage electrochemical actuators (ECAs) due to its excellent electrical conductivity, volumetric capacitance, and mechanical properties. However, its in-plane actuation is limited to little intralayer strain of MXene sheets under polarization. Here it is demonstrated that a simple tetrabutylammonium (TBA) functionalization of MXene improves the in-plane actuation strain by 337% and also enhances the mechanical property and stability in air and the electrolyte. Various in situ characterizations reveal that the improved actuation is ascribed to the co-insertion/desertion of TBA and Li ions into/from MXene interlayer galleries and inter-edge gaps that causes a large in-plane sliding of MXene sheets under negative/positive polarizations. The assembled bending actuator has a high strength and modulus and generates a peak-to-peak strain difference of 0.771% and a blocking force up to 51.5 times its own weight under 1 V. The designed soft robotic tweezer can grasp an object under 1 V and hold it firmly under 0 V. The novel sheet sliding mechanism resembling the filament sliding theory in skeletal muscles may inspire the design of high-performance actuators with other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shu Fen Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Facility for Analysis, Characterization, Testing and Simulation (FACTS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Harpreet Singh
- University of Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Liang Liu
- University of Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Mathieu Etienne
- University of Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Meng D, Xu M, Li S, Ganesan M, Ruan X, Ravi SK, Cui X. Functional MXenes: Progress and Perspectives on Synthetic Strategies and Structure-Property Interplay for Next-Generation Technologies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304483. [PMID: 37730973 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of 2D materials that include layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides. Since their inception in 2011, they have garnered significant attention due to their diverse compositions, unique structures, and extraordinary properties, such as high specific surface areas and excellent electrical conductivity. This versatility has opened up immense potential in various fields, catalyzing a surge in MXene research and leading to note worthy advancements. This review offers an in-depth overview of the evolution of MXenes over the past 5 years, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies, structure-property relationships, and technological prospects. A classification scheme for MXene structures based on entropy is presented and an updated summary of the elemental constituents of the MXene family is provided, as documented in recent literature. Delving into the microscopic structure and synthesis routes, the intricate structure-property relationships are explored at the nano/micro level that dictate the macroscopic applications of MXenes. Through an extensive review of the latest representative works, the utilization of MXenes in energy, environmental, electronic, and biomedical fields is showcased, offering a glimpse into the current technological bottlenecks, such asstability, scalability, and device integration. Moreover, potential pathways for advancing MXenes toward next-generation technologies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Muthusankar Ganesan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaowen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Sai Kishore Ravi
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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7
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Abstract
MXenes with their unique electronic, optical, chemical, and mechanical properties have shown great promise in soft robotics. MXene-based soft actuators have been designed to display ultrafast actuations and recovery speeds as well as angle-independent structural colors in response to vapor. Several studies have developed soft actuators by combining MXenes with other materials to mimic the movement of natural organisms. Thus, MXene-based soft actuators have the potential to revolutionize the field of soft robotics and flexible electronics (e.g., wearable devices and artificial muscles). MXene-based artificial muscles have been explored for use in kinetic soft robotics as actuators in microsystems requiring exceptional compliance. MXene-based sensors and actuators have already been developed for human-like sensors and photodetection. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed in such applications, such as the design of stretchable and compliant robotic skins with a high-level functional integration for soft robotics. The integration of various devices, such as power sources, sensors, and actuators, into soft robotics is another crucial challenge. Despite the excellent stretchability and tensile strength of MXene-based composites, there is a vital need to develop their mechanical and electrochemical features and grant them multi-functionalities. Herein, recent developments pertaining to the applications of MXenes and their composites in soft robotics are discussed with a focus on the important challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.
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8
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Bark H, Thangavel G, Liu RJ, Chua DHC, Lee PS. Effective Surface Modification of 2D MXene toward Thermal Energy Conversion and Management. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300077. [PMID: 37069766 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Thermal energy management is a crucial aspect of many research developments, such as hybrid and soft electronics, aerospace, and electric vehicles. The selection of materials is of critical importance in these applications to manage thermal energy effectively. From this perspective, MXene, a new type of 2D material, has attracted considerable attention in thermal energy management, including thermal conduction and conversion, owing to its unique electrical and thermal properties. However, tailored surface modification of 2D MXenes is required to meet the application requirements or overcome specific limitations. Herein, a comprehensive review of surface modification of 2D MXenes for thermal energy management is discussed. First, this work discusses the current progress in the surface modification of 2D MXenes, including termination with functional groups, small-molecule organic compound functionalization, and polymer modification and composites. Subsequently, an in situ analysis of surface-modified 2D MXenes is presented. This is followed by an overview of the recent progress in the thermal energy management of 2D MXenes and their composites, such as Joule heating, heat dissipation, thermoelectric energy conversion, and photothermal conversion. Finally, some challenges facing the application of 2D MXenes are discussed, and an outlook on surface-modified 2D MXenes is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoo Bark
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gurunathan Thangavel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Rui Jun Liu
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Daniel H C Chua
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Pooi See Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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9
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Yang X, Lan L, Li L, Yu J, Liu X, Tao Y, Yang QH, Naumov P, Zhang H. Collective photothermal bending of flexible organic crystals modified with MXene-polymer multilayers as optical waveguide arrays. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3627. [PMID: 37336878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of any engineering material is naturally limited by its structure, and while each material suffers from one or multiple shortcomings when considered for a particular application, these can be potentially circumvented by hybridization with other materials. By combining organic crystals with MXenes as thermal absorbers and charged polymers as adhesive counter-ionic components, we propose a simple access to flexible hybrid organic crystal materials that have the ability to mechanically respond to infrared light. The ensuing hybrid organic crystals are durable, respond fast, and can be cycled between straight and deformed state repeatedly without fatigue. The point of flexure and the curvature of the crystals can be precisely controlled by modulating the position, duration, and power of thermal excitation, and this control can be extended from individual hybrid crystals to motion of ordered two-dimensional arrays of such crystals. We also demonstrate that excitation can be achieved over very long distances (>3 m). The ability to control the shape with infrared light adds to the versatility in the anticipated applications of organic crystals, most immediately in their application as thermally controllable flexible optical waveguides for signal transmission in flexible organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Linfeng Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 38044, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Jinyang Yu
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaokong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tao
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Panče Naumov
- Smart Materials Lab, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Center for Smart Engineering Materials, New York University Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Research Center for Environment and Materials, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, MK‒1000, Skopje, Macedonia.
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China.
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Yang Z, Wang Y, Hu Y, Zhuang Y, Ji X, Yang G, He M. A morphology control engineered strategy of Ti 3C 2T x/sulfated cellulose nanofibril composite film towards high-performance flexible supercapacitor electrode. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124828. [PMID: 37217052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
2D Ti3C2Tx MXene is an ideal material for fabricating supercapacitor electrodes due to its excellent physical-chemical properties. However, the inherent self-stacking, narrow interlayer spacing, and low general mechanical strength limit its application in flexible supercapacitors. Herein, facile structural engineering strategies by drying (vacuum drying, freeze drying, and spin drying) were proposed to fabricate 3D high-performance Ti3C2Tx/sulfated cellulose nanofibril (SCNF) self-supporting film supercapacitor electrodes. Compared with other composite films, the freeze-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film exhibited a looser interlayer structure with more space which was conducive to charge storage and ion transport in the electrolyte. Therefore, the freeze-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film exhibited a higher specific capacitance (220 F/g) compared to the vacuum-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film (191 F/g) and the spin-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film (211 F/g). After 5000 cycles, the capacitance retention rate of the freeze-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF film electrode was close to 100 %, showing excellent cycle performance. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of freeze-dried Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film (13.7 MPa) was much greater than that of the pure film (7.4 MPa). This work demonstrated a facile strategy for control of Ti3C2Tx/SCNF composite film interlayer structure by drying for fabricating well-designed structured flexible and free-standing supercapacitor electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Yaru Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yuntang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xingxiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Ming He
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
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Zhang L, Zhang H, Yu X, Xu L, Wang D, Lu X, Zhang A. Superhydrophobic MXene Coating with Biomimetic Structure for Self-Healing Photothermal Deicing and Photoelectric Detector. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53298-53313. [PMID: 36380725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (Ti3C2Tx MXene) have emerged as new candidates for applications in multifunctional devices owing to their outstanding performance. However, these electronic devices are easily disturbed by water, breakage, oxidation during use, and limited energy resources. To solve these problems, herein, inspired by nature, a novel superhydrophobic, healable photothermal deicing and photodetector (SHPP) with a "papillary structure" is successfully fabricated for the first time, by a simple layer-by-layer assembly spraying process with 0D/1D/2D nanomaterials. As a result, the superhydrophobic modified 2D MXene coating (FM coating) on the SHPP sensor exhibits outstanding self-cleaning, long-term durability (>20 days), as well as excellent photothermal deicing performances under near-infrared light. Meanwhile, the unique semiembedded nano-ZnO/1D silver nanowire supports the sensor with desirable photoelectric performance with UV light and a fast response time (∼1 s), and good cycle stability. Moreover, benefiting from the transparent self-healing substrate, the photothermal deicing and photodetector properties can be restored at room temperature. The bioinspired structures and function mechanisms offer SHPP sensors great potential for the utilization of clean light energy, sensing, self-cleaning, anti-icing, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Heibei Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control Technology, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang, 065201 Hebei, China
| | - Xiangtian Yu
- China Bluestar Chengrand Co., Ltd. Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xingyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymers Materials Engineering of China, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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