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Xing G, Li C, Gao W, Yang J, Zhao X, Wang J, Ran X, Chao L, Huang H, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Wu Z, Ran C, Huang W. Molecule Anchoring Strategy Promotes Vertically Homogeneous Crystallization and Aligned Interfaces for Efficient Pb-Sn Perovskite Solar Cells and Tandem Device. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404185. [PMID: 39161076 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Narrow-bandgap (NBG) Pb-Sn perovskites are ideal candidates as rear subcell in all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Because Pb-Sn perovskites contain multiple components, the rational regulation of vertical structure and both interfaces of the film is primarily crucial to achieve high-performing NBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a molecule anchoring strategy is developed to in situ construct Cs0.1MA0.3FA0.6Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 perovskite film with vertically aligned crystals and optimized interfaces. Specifically, l-alanine methyl ester is developed as an anchoring additive to induce the vertical crystal growth, while PEA2PbI3SCN film is introduced to promote the homogeneous crystallization at the buried interface via SCN- anchoring with cations. Further ethylenediamine dihalides (EDA(I/Cl)2) post-treatment leads to the gradient energy level alignment on the film surface. Pb-Sn PSCs based on such film show efficient charge transport and extraction, producing a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.3% with an impressive fill factor of 82.14%. Notably, combining with semitransparent 1.78 eV wide-bandgap PSCs, the four-terminal all-perovskite tandem device achieves a PCE of 27.1%. This work opens up a new pathway to boost the performance of Pb-Sn PSCs and their tandem devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xing
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Changbo Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Weiyin Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- College of New Energy, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Jianxiong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jinpei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Ran
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Lingfeng Chao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hai Huang
- College of New Energy, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zhongbin Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Chenxin Ran
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518063, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institution of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
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Roe J, Son JG, Park S, Seo J, Song T, Kim J, Oh SO, Jo Y, Lee Y, Shin YS, Jang H, Lee D, Yuk D, Seol JG, Kim YS, Cho S, Kim DS, Kim JY. Synergistic Buried Interface Regulation of Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells via Co-Self-Assembled Monolayers. ACS NANO 2024; 18:24306-24316. [PMID: 39172688 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold considerable potential for achieving efficiencies near the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit. Notably, the inverted structure stands as the preferred fabrication method for the most efficient Sn-Pb PSCs. In this regard, it is imperative to implement a strategic customization of the hole selective layer to facilitate carrier extraction and refine the quality of perovskite films, which requires effective hole selectivity and favorable interactions with Sn-Pb perovskites. Herein, we propose the development of Co-Self-Assembled Monolayers (Co-SAM) by integrating both [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz) and glycine at the buried contacts. The one-step deposition process employed in the fabrication of the Co-SAM ensures uniform coverage, resulting in a homogeneous surface potential. This is attributed to the molecular interactions occurring between 2PACz and glycine in the processing solution. Furthermore, the amine (-NH2) and ammonium (-NH3+) groups in glycine effectively passivate Sn4+ defects at the buried interface of Sn-Pb perovskite films, even under thermal stress. Consequently, the synergistic buried interface regulation of Co-SAM leads to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.46%, which outperforms devices modified with 2PACz or glycine alone. The Co-SAM-modified Sn-Pb PSC demonstrates enhanced thermal stability, maintaining 88% of its initial PCE under 65 °C thermal stress for 590 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Roe
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Geon Son
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujung Park
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongdeuk Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehee Song
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeong Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Si On Oh
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeowon Jo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjeong Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seop Shin
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsu Jang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohun Yuk
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gyu Seol
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Sam Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Suk Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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3
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Liu G, Yang G, Feng W, Li H, Yang M, Zhong Y, Jiang X, Wu WQ. Regulating Surface Metal Abundance via Lattice-Matched Coordination for Versatile and Environmentally-Viable Sn-Pb Alloying Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405860. [PMID: 39108194 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Narrow-bandgap Sn-Pb alloying perovskites showcased great potential in constructing multiple-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with efficiencies approaching or exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit. However, the uncontrollable surface metal abundance (Sn2+ and Pb2+ ions) hinders their efficiency and versatility in different device structures. Additionally, the undesired Pb distribution mainly at the buried interface accelerates the Pb leakage when devices are damaged. In this work, a novel strategy is presented to modulate crystallization kinetics and surface metal abundance of Sn-Pb perovskites using a cobweb-like quadrangular macrocyclic porphyrin material, which features a molecular size compatible with the perovskite lattice and robustly coordinates with Pb2+ ions, thus immobilizing them and increasing surface Pb abundance by 61%. This modulation reduces toxic Pb leakage rates by 24-fold, with only ∼23 ppb Pb in water after severely damaged PSCs are immersed in water for 150 h.This strategy can also enhance chemical homogeneity, reduce trap density, release tensile strain and optimize carrier dynamics of Sn-Pb perovskites and relevant devices. Encouragingly, the power conversion efficiency (PCEs) of 23.28% for single-junction, full-stack devices and 21.34% for hole transport layer-free Sn-Pb PSCs are achieved.Notably, the related monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell also achieves a PCE of 27.03% with outstanding photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Guo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wenhuai Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Meifang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC), Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Xianyuan Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Wu-Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, LIFM, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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4
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Pan Y, Wang J, Sun Z, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Shi C, Liu S, Ren F, Chen R, Cai Y, Sun H, Liu B, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Cai Z, Qin X, Zhao Z, Ji Y, Li N, Huang W, Liu Z, Chen W. Surface chemical polishing and passivation minimize non-radiative recombination for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7335. [PMID: 39187539 PMCID: PMC11347601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells have shown great promise in breaking the Shockley-Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells. However, the efficiency improvement of all-perovskite tandem solar cells is largely hindered by the surface defects induced non-radiative recombination loss in Sn-Pb mixed narrow bandgap perovskite films. Here, we report a surface reconstruction strategy utilizing a surface polishing agent, 1,4-butanediamine, together with a surface passivator, ethylenediammonium diiodide, to eliminate Sn-related defects and passivate organic cation and halide vacancy defects on the surface of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films. Our strategy not only delivers high-quality Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films with a close-to-ideal stoichiometric ratio surface but also minimizes the non-radiative energy loss at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. As a result, our Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells with bandgaps of 1.32 and 1.25 eV realize power conversion efficiencies of 22.65% and 23.32%, respectively. Additionally, we further obtain a certified power conversion efficiency of 28.49% of two-junction all-perovskite tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Pan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chenyang Shi
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sanwan Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fumeng Ren
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huande Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhongyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | | | - Zihe Cai
- Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Ji
- Key State Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, 441000, Xiangyang, China
| | - Neng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Key State Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Wuhan University of Technology Xiangyang Demonstration Zone, 441000, Xiangyang, China
| | - Zonghao Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China.
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Zhang Y, Li C, Zhao H, Yu Z, Tang X, Zhang J, Chen Z, Zeng J, Zhang P, Han L, Chen H. Synchronized crystallization in tin-lead perovskite solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6887. [PMID: 39134557 PMCID: PMC11319464 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tin-lead halide perovskites with a bandgap near 1.2 electron-volt hold great promise for thin-film photovoltaics. However, the film quality of solution-processed Sn-Pb perovskites is compromised by the asynchronous crystallization behavior between Sn and Pb components, where the crystallization of Sn-based perovskites tends to occur faster than that of Pb. Here we show that the rapid crystallization of Sn is rooted in its stereochemically active lone pair, which impedes coordination between the metal ion and Lewis base ligands in the perovskite precursor. From this perspective, we introduce a noncovalent binding agent targeting the open metal site of coordinatively unsaturated Sn(II) solvates, thereby synchronizing crystallization kinetics and homogenizing Sn-Pb alloying. The resultant single-junction Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 24.13 per cent. The encapsulated device retains 90 per cent of the initial efficiency after 795 h of maximum power point operation under simulated one-sun illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University JA Technology New Energy Materials Joint Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University JA Technology New Energy Materials Joint Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianrong Zeng
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Joint Research Center for Clean Energy Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Innovation Center for Future Materials, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Joint Research Center for Clean Energy Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang L, Miao Q, Wang D, Zhang Z, Chen M, Bi H, Liu J, Baranwal AK, Kapil G, Sanehira Y, Kitamura T, Shen Q, Ma T, Hayase S. Ternary Passivation for Enhanced Carrier Transport and Recombination Suppression in Highly Efficient Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404026. [PMID: 39118554 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of nontoxic Sn-based perovskites as a viable alternative to their toxic Pb-based counterparts has garnered increased attention. However, the power conversion efficiency of Sn-based perovskite solar cells lags significantly behind their Pb-based counterparts. This study presents a ternary passivation strategy aimed at enhancing device performance, employing [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (PCBM), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), and indene C60 bisadduct (ICBA). These components play crucial roles in managing energy levels and enhancing carrier transportation, respectively. The results reveal that the introduction of the ternary system leads to improvements in carrier collection and transportation, accompanied by a suppression of the recombination process. Ultimately, the champion device achieves a remarkable performance with an efficiency of 14.64%. Notably, the device also exhibits robust operational and long-term stored stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Qingqing Miao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
- Langfang Technological Centre of Green Industry, Langfang, 065001, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Wang
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Zheng Zhang
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Huan Bi
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Ajay Kumar Baranwal
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Gaurav Kapil
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sanehira
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kitamura
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Qing Shen
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
| | - Tingli Ma
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
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7
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Yang F, Zhu K. Advances in Mixed Tin-Lead Narrow-Bandgap Perovskites for Single-Junction and All-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314341. [PMID: 38779891 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal-halide perovskites have received great attention for photovoltaic (PV) applications owing to their superior optoelectronic properties and the unprecedented performance development. For single-junction PV devices, although lead (Pb)-based perovskite solar cells have achieved 26.1% efficiency, the mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites offer more ideal bandgap tuning capability to enable an even higher performance. The Sn-Pb perovskite (with a bandgap tuned to ≈1.2 eV) is also attractive as the bottom subcell for a tandem configuration to further surpass the Shockley-Queisser radiative limit for the single-junction devices. The performance of the all-perovskite tandem solar cells has gained rapid development and achieved a certified efficiency up to 29.1%. In this article, the properties and recent development of state-of-the-art mixed Sn-Pb perovskites and their application in single-junction and all-perovskite tandem solar cells are reviewed. Recent advances in various approaches covering additives, solvents, interfaces, and perovskite growth are highlighted. The authors also provide the perspective and outlook on the challenges and strategies for further development of mixed Sn-Pb perovskites in both efficiency and stability for PV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiu Yang
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
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8
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K Pious J, Lai H, Hu J, Luo D, Gilshtein E, Siegrist S, Kothandaraman RK, Lu ZH, Wolff CM, Tiwari AN, Fu F. In Situ Buried Interface Engineering towards Printable Pb-Sn Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:39399-39407. [PMID: 39031069 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
High-efficiency Pb-Sn narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) heavily rely on PEDOT:PSS as the hole-transport layer (HTL) owing to its excellent electrical conductivity, dopant-free nature, and facile solution processability. However, the shallow work function (WF) of PEDOT:PSS consequently results in severe minority carrier recombination at the perovskite/HTL interface. Here, we tackle this issue by an in situ interface engineering strategy using a new molecule called 2-fluoro benzylammonium iodide (FBI) that suppresses nonradiative recombination near the Pb-Sn perovskite (FA0.6MA0.4Pb0.4Sn0.6I3)/HTL bottom interface. The WF of PEDOT:PSS increases by 0.1 eV with FBI modification, resulting in Pb-Sn PSCs with 20.5% efficiency and an impressive VOC of 0.843 V. Finally, we have successfully transferred our in situ buried interface modification strategy to fabricate blade-coated FA0.6MA0.4Pb0.4Sn0.6I3 PSCs with 18.3% efficiency and an exceptionally high VOC of 0.845 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnpaul K Pious
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Huagui Lai
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
| | - Deying Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Evgeniia Gilshtein
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Severin Siegrist
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Radha K Kothandaraman
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Physics, Center for Optoelectronics Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Christian M Wolff
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute of Electrical and Microengineering (IEM), Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory, Rue de la Maladière 71b, Neuchâtel 2002, Switzerland
| | - Ayodhya N Tiwari
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Fan Fu
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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9
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Wang H, Wan X, Li F, He X, Xu G, Xu C, Jiang Z, Dai Z, Zhang S, Song Q. Chelating Dual Interface for Efficient and Stable Crystal Growth and Iodine Defect Management in Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16867-16877. [PMID: 38952328 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Suppressing Sn2+ oxidation and rationally controlling the crystallization process of tin-lead perovskite (Sn-Pb PVK) films by suitable bonding methods have emerged as key approaches to achieving efficient and stable Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, the chelating coordination is performed at the top and bottom interfaces of Sn-Pb PVK films. The chelation strength is stronger toward Sn2+ than Pb2+ by introducing oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) at the bottom interface. This difference in chelation strength resulted in a spontaneous gradient distribution of Sn/Pb within the perovskite layer during crystallization, particularly enhancing the enrichment of Sn2+ at the bottom interface and facilitating the extraction and separation of photogenerated charge carriers in PSCs. Simultaneously, this top-down distribution of gradually increasing Sn content slowed down the crystallization rate of Sn-Pb PVK films, forming higher-quality films. On the top interface of the PVK, trifluoroacetamidine (TFA) was used to inhibit the generation of iodine vacancies (VI) through chelating with surface-uncoordinated Pb2+/Sn2+, further passivating defects while suppressing the oxidation of Sn2+. Ultimately, the PSCs with simultaneous chelation at both top and bottom interfaces achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.31% and an open-circuit voltage (VOC) exceeding 0.90 V. The stability of unencapsulated target devices in different environments also improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Wan
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Fuling Li
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng He
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Gaobo Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Cunyun Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zezhuan Jiang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhongjun Dai
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Sam Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
| | - Qunliang Song
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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10
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Zhang Z, Zhu R, Tang Y, Su Z, Hu S, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhao J, Xue Y, Gao X, Li G, Pascual J, Abate A, Li M. Anchoring Charge Selective Self-Assembled Monolayers for Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312264. [PMID: 38281081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have displayed great potential for improving efficiency and stability in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The anchoring of SAMs at the conductiv metal oxide substrates and their interaction with perovskite materials must be rationally tailored to ensure efficient charge carrier extraction and improved quality of the perovskite films. Herein, SAMs molecules with different anchoring groups and spacers to control the interaction with perovskite in the p-i-n mixed Sn-Pb PSCs are selected. It is found that the monolayer with the carboxylate group exhibits appropriate interaction and has a more favorable orientation and arrangement than that of the phosphate group. This results in reduced nonradiative recombination and enhanced crystallinity. In addition, the short chain length leads to an improved energy level alignment of SAMs with perovskite, improving hole extraction. As a result, the narrow bandgap (≈1.25 eV) Sn-Pb PSCs show efficiencies of up to 23.1% with an open-circuit voltage of up to 0.89 V. Unencapsulated devices retain 93% of their initial efficiency after storage in N2 atmosphere for over 2500 h. Overall, this work highlights the underexplored potential of SAMs for perovskite photovoltaics and provides essential findings on the influence of their structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhong Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yunchang Xue
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201204, P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Li
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Pascual
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Tolosa Avenue, 72, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Antonio Abate
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meng Li
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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11
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Zhu J, Xu Y, Luo Y, Luo J, He R, Wang C, Wang Y, Wei K, Yi Z, Gao Z, Wang J, You J, Zhang Z, Lai H, Ren S, Liu X, Xiao C, Chen C, Zhang J, Fu F, Zhao D. Custom-tailored hole transport layer using oxalic acid for high-quality tin-lead perovskites and efficient all-perovskite tandems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl2063. [PMID: 38640232 PMCID: PMC11029806 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) have exhibited higher efficiencies than single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but still suffer from the unsatisfactory performance of low-bandgap (LBG) tin-lead (Sn-Pb) subcells. The inherent properties of PEDOT:PSS are crucial to high-performance Sn-Pb perovskite films and devices; however, the underlying mechanism has not been fully explored and revealed. Here, we report a facile oxalic acid treatment of PEDOT:PSS (OA-PEDOT:PSS) to precisely regulate its work function and surface morphology. OA-PEDOT:PSS shows a larger work function and an ordered reorientation and fiber-shaped film morphology with efficient hole transport pathways, leading to the formation of more ideal hole-selective contact with Sn-Pb perovskite for suppressing interfacial nonradiative recombination losses. Moreover, OA-PEDOT:PSS induces (100) preferred orientation growth of perovskite for higher-quality Sn-Pb films. Last, the OA-PEDOT:PSS-tailored LBG PSC yields an impressive efficiency of up to 22.56% (certified 21.88%), enabling 27.81% efficient all-perovskite TSC with enhanced operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuliang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jincheng Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rui He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Changlei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province and Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, and Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kun Wei
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zongjin Yi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhiyu Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiayu You
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huagui Lai
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Shengqiang Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xirui Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
- Ningbo New Materials Testing and Evaluation Center Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Cong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinbao Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fan Fu
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dewei Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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12
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Wu DT, Zhu WX, Dong Y, Daboczi M, Ham G, Hsieh HJ, Huang CJ, Xu W, Henderson C, Kim JS, Eslava S, Cha H, Macdonald TJ, Lin CT. Enhancing the Efficiency and Stability of Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells via Sodium Hydroxide Dedoping of PEDOT:PSS. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400302. [PMID: 38634222 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained interest as candidates for the bottom cell of all-perovskite tandem solar cells due to their broad absorption of the solar spectrum. A notable challenge arises from the prevalent use of the hole transport layer, PEDOT:PSS, known for its inherently high doping level. This high doping level can lead to interfacial recombination, imposing a significant limitation on efficiency. Herein, NaOH is used to dedope PEDOT:PSS, with the aim of enhancing the efficiency of Sn-Pb PSCs. Secondary ion mass spectrometer profiles indicate that sodium ions diffuse into the perovskite layer, improving its crystallinity and enlarging its grains. Comprehensive evaluations, including photoluminescence and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, confirm that dedoping significantly reduces interfacial recombination, resulting in an open-circuit voltage as high as 0.90 V. Additionally, dedoping PEDOT:PSS leads to increased shunt resistance and high fill factor up to 0.81. As a result of these improvements, the power conversion efficiency is enhanced from 19.7% to 22.6%. Utilizing NaOH to dedope PEDOT:PSS also transitions its nature from acidic to basic, enhancing stability and exhibiting less than a 7% power conversion efficiency loss after 1176 h of storage in N2 atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Tai Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 402-27, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Xian Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 402-27, Taiwan
| | - Yueyao Dong
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Matyas Daboczi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gayoung Ham
- Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hsing-Jung Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 402-27, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jing Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 402-27, Taiwan
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Charlie Henderson
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ji-Seon Kim
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Salvador Eslava
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas J Macdonald
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Chieh-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 402-27, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
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13
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Hu S, Thiesbrummel J, Pascual J, Stolterfoht M, Wakamiya A, Snaith HJ. Narrow Bandgap Metal Halide Perovskites for All-Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4079-4123. [PMID: 38527274 PMCID: PMC11009966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells are attracting considerable interest in photovoltaics research, owing to their potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction cells, in a cost-effective sustainable manner. Thanks to the bandgap-bowing effect, mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites possess a close to ideal narrow bandgap for constructing tandem cells, matched with wide-bandgap neat lead-based counterparts. The performance of all-perovskite tandems, however, has yet to reach its efficiency potential. One of the main obstacles that need to be overcome is the─oftentimes─low quality of the mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films, largely caused by the facile oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV), as well as the difficult-to-control film crystallization dynamics. Additional detrimental imperfections are introduced in the perovskite thin film, particularly at its vulnerable surfaces, including the top and bottom interfaces as well as the grain boundaries. Due to these issues, the resultant device performance is distinctly far lower than their theoretically achievable maximum efficiency. Robust modifications and improvements to the surfaces of mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films are therefore critical for the advancement of the field. This Review describes the origins of imperfections in thin films and covers efforts made so far toward reaching a better understanding of mixed Sn-Pb perovskites, in particular with respect to surface modifications that improved the efficiency and stability of the narrow bandgap solar cells. In addition, we also outline the important issues of integrating the narrow bandgap subcells for achieving reliable and efficient all-perovskite double- and multi-junction tandems. Future work should focus on the characterization and visualization of the specific surface defects, as well as tracking their evolution under different external stimuli, guiding in turn the processing for efficient and stable single-junction and tandem solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Jarla Thiesbrummel
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jorge Pascual
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
- Polymat, University of the
Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Martin Stolterfoht
- Institute
for Physics and Astronomy, University of
Potsdam,14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Electronic
Engineering Department, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, SAR China
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United
Kingdom
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14
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Li Z, Sun A, Zheng Y, Zhuang R, Wu X, Tian C, Tang C, Liu Y, Ouyang B, Du J, Li Z, Cai J, Wu X, Chen J, Hua Y, Chen CC. Efficient Charge Transport in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via 2D/3D Ferroelectric Heterojunction. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400425. [PMID: 38593370 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
While the 2D/3D heterojunction is an effective method to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), carriers are often confined in the quantum wells (QWs) due to the unique structure of 2D perovskite, which makes the charge transport along the out-of-plane direction difficult. Here, a 2D/3D ferroelectric heterojunction formed by 4,4-difluoropiperidine hydrochloride (2FPD) in inverted PSCs is reported. The enriched 2D perovskite (2FPD)2PbI4 layer with n = 1 on the perovskite surface exhibits ferroelectric response and has oriented dipoles along the out-of-plane direction. The ferroelectricity of the oriented dipole layer facilitates the enhancement of the built-in electric field (1.06 V) and the delay of the cooling process of hot carriers, reflected in the high carrier temperature (above 1400 K) and the prolonged photobleach recovery time (139.85 fs, measured at bandgap), improving the out-of-plane conductivity. In addition, the alignment of energy levels is optimized and exciton binding energy (32.8 meV) is reduced by changing the dielectric environment of the surface. Finally, the 2FPD-treated PSCs achieve a PCE of 24.82% (certified: 24.38%) with the synergistic effect of ferroelectricity and defect passivation, while maintaining over 90% of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of maximum power point tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Anxin Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Rongshan Zhuang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xueyun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Beilin Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Xiling Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Jinling Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hua
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Chao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China
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15
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Li J, Xie L, Liu G, Pu Z, Tong X, Yang S, Yang M, Liu J, Chen J, Meng Y, Wang Y, Wang T, Ge Z. Multifunctional Trifluoroborate Additive for Simultaneous Carrier Dynamics Governance and Defects Passivation to Boost Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316898. [PMID: 38340024 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The main obstacles to promoting the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) include their record power conversion efficiency (PCE), which still remains below the Shockley-Queisser limit, and poor long-term stability, attributable to crystallographic defects in perovskite films and open-circuit voltage (Voc) loss in devices. In this study, potassium (4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-1-yl) methyl trifluoroborate (PTFBK) was employed as a multifunctional additive to target and modulate bulk perovskite defects and carrier dynamics of PSCs. Apart from simultaneously passivating anionic and cationic defects, PTFBK could also optimize the energy-level alignment of devices and weaken the interaction between carriers and longitudinal optical phonons, resulting in a carrier lifetime of greater than 3 μs. Furthermore, it inhibited non-radiative recombination and improved the crystallization capacity in the target perovskite film. Hence, the target rigid and flexible p-i-n PSCs yielded champion PCEs of 24.99 % and 23.48 %, respectively. More importantly, due to hydrogen bonding between formamidinium and fluorine, the target devices exhibited remarkable thermal, humidity, and operational tracking at maximum power point stabilities. The reduced Young's modulus and residual stress in the perovskite layer also provided excellent bending stability for flexible target devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lisha Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Guanhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhenwei Pu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Shuncheng Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jiujiang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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16
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Liu W, Huang G, Chen CY, Tan T, Fuyuki H, Hu S, Nakamura T, Truong MA, Murdey R, Hashikawa Y, Murata Y, Wakamiya A. An open-cage bis[60]fulleroid as an electron transport material for tin halide perovskite solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2172-2175. [PMID: 38315560 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05843c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
An open-cage bis[60]fulleroid (OC) was applied as an electron transport material (ETM) in tin (Sn) halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Due to the reduced offset between the energy levels of Sn-based perovskites and ETMs, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Sn-based PSCs with OC reached 9.6% with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.72 V. Additionally, OC exhibited superior thermal stability and provided 75% of the material without decomposition after vacuum deposition. The PSC using vacuum-deposited OC as the ETM could afford a PCE of 7.6%, which is a big leap forward compared with previous results using vacuum-deposited fullerene derivatives as ETMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Liu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Guanglin Huang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Chien-Yu Chen
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Tiancheng Tan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Harata Fuyuki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Nakamura
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Minh Anh Truong
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Richard Murdey
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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17
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Ding X, Yan M, Chen C, Zhai M, Wang H, Tian Y, Wang L, Sun L, Cheng M. Efficient and Stable Tin-Lead Mixed Perovskite Solar Cells Using Post-Treatment Additive with Synergistic Effects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317676. [PMID: 38179838 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Inhibiting the oxidation of Sn2+ during the crystallization process of Sn-Pb mixed perovskite film is found to be as important as the oxidation resistance of precursor solution to achieve high efficiency, but less investigated. Considering the excellent reduction feature of hydroquinone and the hydrophobicity of tert-butyl group, an antioxidant 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (DBHQ) was introduced into Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films using an anti-solvent approach to solve this problem. Interestingly, we find that DBHQ can act as function alterable additive during its utilization. On the one hand, DBHQ can restrict the oxidation of Sn2+ during the crystallization process, facilitating the fabrication of high-quality perovskite film; on the other hand, the generated oxidation product 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DBBQ) can functionalize as defect passivator to inhibit the charge recombination. As a result, this synergetic effect renders the Sn-Pb mixed PSC a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 23.0 %, which is significantly higher than the reference device (19.6 %). Furthermore, the unencapsulated DBQH-modified PSCs exhibited excellent long-term stability and thermal stability, with the devices maintaining 84.2 % and 78.9 % of the initial PCEs after aging at 25 °C and 60 °C for 800 h and 120 h under N2 atmosphere, respectively. Therefore, the functional alterable strategy provides a novel cornerstone for high-performance Sn-Pb mixed PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Ding
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Meng Yan
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengde Zhai
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haoxin Wang
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Linqin Wang
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
| | - Licheng Sun
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels and Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, China
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18
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Khadka DB, Shirai Y, Yanagida M, Ota H, Lyalin A, Taketsugu T, Miyano K. Defect passivation in methylammonium/bromine free inverted perovskite solar cells using charge-modulated molecular bonding. Nat Commun 2024; 15:882. [PMID: 38287031 PMCID: PMC10824754 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular passivation is a prominent approach for improving the performance and operation stability of halide perovskite solar cells (HPSCs). Herein, we reveal discernible effects of diammonium molecules with either an aryl or alkyl core onto Methylammonium-free perovskites. Piperazine dihydriodide (PZDI), characterized by an alkyl core-electron cloud-rich-NH terminal, proves effective in mitigating surface and bulk defects and modifying surface chemistry or interfacial energy band, ultimately leading to improved carrier extraction. Benefiting from superior PZDI passivation, the device achieves an impressive efficiency of 23.17% (area ~1 cm2) (low open circuit voltage deficit ~0.327 V) along with superior operational stability. We achieve a certified efficiency of ~21.47% (area ~1.024 cm2) for inverted HPSC. PZDI strengthens adhesion to the perovskite via -NH2I and Mulliken charge distribution. Device analysis corroborates that stronger bonding interaction attenuates the defect densities and suppresses ion migration. This work underscores the crucial role of bifunctional molecules with stronger surface adsorption in defect mitigation, setting the stage for the design of charge-regulated molecular passivation to enhance the performance and stability of HPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruba B Khadka
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for GREEN Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Shirai
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for GREEN Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Yanagida
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for GREEN Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ota
- Battery Research Platform, Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Andrey Lyalin
- Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan.
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Miyano
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for GREEN Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
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19
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Chen L, Fu S, Li Y, Sun N, Yan Y, Song Z. On the Durability of Tin-Containing Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304811. [PMID: 37968252 PMCID: PMC10767427 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Tin (Sn)-containing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant attention in the field of perovskite optoelectronics due to lower toxicity than their lead-based counterparts and their potential for tandem applications. However, the lack of stability is a major concern that hampers their development. To achieve the long-term stability of Sn-containing PSCs, it is crucial to have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms of Sn-containing perovskites and develop mitigation strategies. This review provides a compendious overview of degradation pathways observed in Sn-containing perovskites, attributing to intrinsic factors related to the materials themselves and environmental factors such as light, heat, moisture, oxygen, and their combined effects. The impact of interface and electrode materials on the stability of Sn-containing PSCs is also discussed. Additionally, various strategies to mitigate the instability issue of Sn-containing PSCs are summarized. Lastly, the challenges and prospects for achieving durable Sn-containing PSCs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Sheng Fu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - You Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Nannan Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
| | - Zhaoning Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and CommercializationThe University of Toledo2801 W. Bancroft StreetToledoOH43606USA
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20
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Xie L, Liu J, Li J, Liu C, Pu Z, Xu P, Wang Y, Meng Y, Yang M, Ge Z. A Deformable Additive on Defects Passivation and Phase Segregation Inhibition Enables the Efficiency of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells over 24. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302752. [PMID: 37308171 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The defects and phase segregation in perovskite will significantly reduce the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a deformable coumarin is employed as a multifunctional additive for formamidinium-cesium (FA-Cs) perovskite. During the annealing process of perovskite, the partial decomposition of coumarin passivates the Pb2+ , iodine, and organic cation defects. Additionally, coumarin can affect colloidal size distributions, resulting in relatively large grain size and good crystallinity of target perovskite film. Hence, the carrier extraction/transport can be promoted, trap-assisted recombination is reduced, and energy levels are optimized in target perovskite films. Furthermore, the coumarin treatment can significantly release residual stress. As a result, the champion power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.18% and 24.14% are obtained for Br-rich (FA0.88 Cs0.12 PbI2.64 Br0.36 ) and Br-poor (FA0.96 Cs0.04 PbI2.8 Br0.12 ) based devices, respectively. The flexible PSCs based on Br-poor perovskite exhibit an excellent PCE of 23.13%, one of the highest values for flexible PSCs reported to date. Due to the inhibition of phase segregation, the target devices exhibit excellent thermal and light stability. This work provides new insights into the additive engineering of passivating defects, stress relief, and inhibition of phase segregation of perovskite films, offering a reliable method to develop state-of-the-art solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenwei Pu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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21
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Naito T, Takagi M, Tachikawa M, Yamashita K, Shimazaki T. Theoretical Study of the Molecular Passivation Effect of Lewis Base/Acid on Lead-Free Tin Perovskite Surface Defects. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6695-6701. [PMID: 37466615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been recently conducted to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells. However, the charge carriers are easily trapped by the defect sites located at the interface between the perovskite layer and the electrode, which decreases the PCE. To reduce such defect sites, the passivation technique is frequently employed to coat small molecules on the perovskite surface during the manufacturing process. To clarify the passivation mechanism from a molecular viewpoint, we performed density functional theory calculations to target Pb-free Sn perovskites (CH3NH3SnI3). We investigated the passivation effect of Lewis base/acid molecules, such as ethylene diamine (EDA) and iodopentafluorobenzene (IPFB), and discussed behaviors of the defect levels within the bandgap as they have strong negative impacts on the PCE. The adsorption of EDA/IPFB on the Sn perovskite surface can remove the defect levels from the bandgap. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of interactions with molecular orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Naito
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Yokohama City University, Seto 22-2, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makito Takagi
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Yokohama City University, Seto 22-2, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Yokohama City University, Seto 22-2, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamashita
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Yokohama City University, Seto 22-2, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimazaki
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Yokohama City University, Seto 22-2, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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Hu S, Smith JA, Snaith HJ, Wakamiya A. Prospects for Tin-Containing Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics. PRECISION CHEMISTRY 2023; 1:69-82. [PMID: 37124243 PMCID: PMC10131267 DOI: 10.1021/prechem.3c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Tin-containing metal halide perovskites have enormous potential as photovoltaics, both in narrow band gap mixed tin-lead materials for all-perovskite tandems and for lead-free perovskites. The introduction of Sn(II), however, has significant effects on the solution chemistry, crystallization, defect states, and other material properties in halide perovskites. In this perspective, we summarize the main hurdles for tin-containing perovskites and highlight successful attempts made by the community to overcome them. We discuss important research directions for the development of these materials and propose some approaches to achieve a unified understanding of Sn incorporation. We particularly focus on the discussion of charge carrier dynamics and nonradiative losses at the interfaces between perovskite and charge extraction layers in p-i-n cells. We hope these insights will aid the community to accelerate the development of high-performance, stable single-junction tin-containing perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Hu
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Joel A. Smith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Clarendon
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K.
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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23
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Wang X, Ying Z, Zheng J, Li X, Zhang Z, Xiao C, Chen Y, Wu M, Yang Z, Sun J, Xu JR, Sheng J, Zeng Y, Yang X, Xing G, Ye J. Long-chain anionic surfactants enabling stable perovskite/silicon tandems with greatly suppressed stress corrosion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2166. [PMID: 37061510 PMCID: PMC10105702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the remarkable rise in the efficiency of perovskite-based solar cells, the stress-induced intrinsic instability of perovskite active layers is widely identified as a critical hurdle for upcoming commercialization. Herein, a long-alkyl-chain anionic surfactant additive is introduced to chemically ameliorate the perovskite crystallization kinetics via surface segregation and micellization, and physically construct a glue-like scaffold to eliminate the residual stresses. As a result, benefiting from the reduced defects, suppressed ion migration and improved energy level alignment, the corresponding unencapsulated perovskite single-junction and perovskite/silicon tandem devices exhibit impressive operational stability with 85.7% and 93.6% of their performance after 3000 h and 450 h at maximum power point tracking under continuous light illumination, providing one of the best stabilities to date under similar test conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqin Ying
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China.
| | - Jingming Zheng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Xin Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo New Materials Testing and Evaluation Center CO., Ltd, Ningbo City, 315201, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenhai Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Jingsong Sun
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia-Ru Xu
- Celanese (China) Holding Co., Ltd. Asia Technology and Innovation Center, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Sheng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuheng Zeng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China.
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jichun Ye
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 315201, Ningbo, China.
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