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Mittal D, Gautam JK, Varma M, Laie A, Mishra S, Behera S, Vadassery J. External jasmonic acid isoleucine mediates amplification of plant elicitor peptide receptor (PEPR) and jasmonate-based immune signalling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1397-1415. [PMID: 38229005 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a plant defence hormone whose cellular levels are elevated upon herbivory and regulate defence signalling. Despite their pivotal role, our understanding of the rapid cellular perception of bioactive JA-Ile is limited. This study identifies cell type-specific JA-Ile-induced Ca2+ signal and its role in self-amplification and plant elicitor peptide receptor (PEPR)-mediated signalling. Using the Ca2+ reporter, R-GECO1 in Arabidopsis, we have characterized a monophasic and sustained JA-Ile-dependent Ca2+ signature in leaf epidermal cells. The rapid Ca2+ signal is independent of positive feedback by the JA-Ile receptor, COI1 and the transporter, JAT1. Microarray analysis identified up-regulation of receptors, PEPR1 and PEPR2 upon JA-Ile treatment. The pepr1 pepr2 double mutant in R-GECO1 background exhibits impaired external JA-Ile induced Ca2+ cyt elevation and impacts the canonical JA-Ile responsive genes. JA responsive transcription factor, MYC2 binds to the G-Box motif of PEPR1 and PEPR2 promoter and activates their expression upon JA-Ile treatment and in myc2 mutant, this is reduced. External JA-Ile amplifies AtPep-PEPR pathway by increasing the AtPep precursor, PROPEP expression. Our work shows a previously unknown non-canonical PEPR-JA-Ile-Ca2+ -MYC2 signalling module through which plants sense JA-Ile rapidly to amplify both AtPep-PEPR and jasmonate signalling in undamaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Mittal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mahendra Varma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Amrutha Laie
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Shruti Mishra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Smrutisanjita Behera
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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2
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Khan FS, Goher F, Paulsmeyer MN, Hu CG, Zhang JZ. Calcium (Ca 2+ ) sensors and MYC2 are crucial players during jasmonates-mediated abiotic stress tolerance in plants. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:1025-1034. [PMID: 37422725 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants evolve stress-specific responses that sense changes in their external environmental conditions and develop various mechanisms for acclimatization and survival. Calcium (Ca2+ ) is an essential stress-sensing secondary messenger in plants. Ca2+ sensors, including calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), calmodulins (CaMs), CaM-like proteins (CMLs), and calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), are involved in jasmonates (JAs) signalling and biosynthesis. Moreover, JAs are phospholipid-derived phytohormones that control plant response to abiotic stresses. The JAs signalling pathway affects hormone-receptor gene transcription by binding to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor. MYC2 acts as a master regulator of JAs signalling module assimilated through various genes. The Ca2+ sensor CML regulates MYC2 and is involved in a distinct mechanism mediating JAs signalling during abiotic stresses. This review highlights the pivotal role of the Ca2+ sensors in JAs biosynthesis and MYC2-mediated JAs signalling during abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Khan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - F Goher
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - M N Paulsmeyer
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - C-G Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - J-Z Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Wang D, Huang F, Yan P, Nie Y, Chen L, Luo J, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium-Regulated Molecular Networks in Response to Long-Term Treatment with Abscisic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030524. [PMID: 35328077 PMCID: PMC8950999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal secondary messenger that transfers developmental cues and stress signals for gene expression and adaptive growth. A prior study showed that abiotic stresses induce mutually independent cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) and nucleosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]nuc) increases in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells. However, gene expression networks deciphering [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc signalling pathways remain elusive. Here, using transgenic A. thaliana to selectively impair abscisic acid (ABA)- or methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]nuc increases, we identified [Ca2+]cyt- and [Ca2+]nuc-regulated ABA- or MeJA-responsive genes with a genome oligo-array. Gene co-expression network analysis revealed four Ca2+ signal-decoding genes, CAM1, CIPK8, GAD1, and CPN20, as hub genes co-expressed with Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes and hormone signalling genes. Luciferase complementation imaging assays showed interactions among CAM1, CIPK8, and GAD1; they also showed interactions with several proteins encoded by Ca2+-regulated hormone-responsive genes. Furthermore, CAM1 and CIPK8 were required for MeJA-induced stomatal closure; they were associated with ABA-inhibited seed germination. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the unique expression pattern of [Ca2+]-regulated hormone-responsive genes in cam1, cipk8, and gad1. This comprehensive understanding of distinct Ca2+ and hormonal signalling will allow the application of approaches to uncover novel molecular foundations for responses to developmental and stress signals in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Feifei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Department of Computational Biology, Beijing Computing Center, Beijing 100094, China;
| | - Yanli Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lvli Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jin Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Heping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yingdian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shengcheng Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (D.W.); (F.H.); (Y.N.); (L.C.); (J.L.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Aslam S, Gul N, Mir MA, Asgher M, Al-Sulami N, Abulfaraj AA, Qari S. Role of Jasmonates, Calcium, and Glutathione in Plants to Combat Abiotic Stresses Through Precise Signaling Cascade. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:668029. [PMID: 34367199 PMCID: PMC8340019 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.668029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth regulators have an important role in various developmental processes during the life cycle of plants. They are involved in abiotic stress responses and tolerance. They have very well-developed capabilities to sense the changes in their external milieu and initiate an appropriate signaling cascade that leads to the activation of plant defense mechanisms. The plant defense system activation causes build-up of plant defense hormones like jasmonic acid (JA) and antioxidant systems like glutathione (GSH). Moreover, calcium (Ca2+) transients are also seen during abiotic stress conditions depicting the role of Ca2+ in alleviating abiotic stress as well. Therefore, these growth regulators tend to control plant growth under varying abiotic stresses by regulating its oxidative defense and detoxification system. This review highlights the role of Jasmonates, Calcium, and glutathione in abiotic stress tolerance and activation of possible novel interlinked signaling cascade between them. Further, phyto-hormone crosstalk with jasmonates, calcium and glutathione under abiotic stress conditions followed by brief insights on omics approaches is also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Aslam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Nadia Gul
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Mudasir A. Mir
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Srinagar, India
| | - Mohd. Asgher
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Nadiah Al-Sulami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aala A. Abulfaraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Science and Arts College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Qari
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory (GMCL), Department of Biology, Aljumun University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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Pirayesh N, Giridhar M, Ben Khedher A, Vothknecht UC, Chigri F. Organellar calcium signaling in plants: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118948. [PMID: 33421535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) is a versatile signaling transducer in all eukaryotic organisms. In plants, intracellular changes in free Ca2+ levels act as regulators in many growth and developmental processes. Ca2+ also mediates the cellular responses to environmental stimuli and thus plays an important role in providing stress tolerance to plants. Ca2+ signals are decoded by a tool kit of various families of Ca2+-binding proteins and their downstream targets, which mediate the transformation of the Ca2+ signal into appropriate cellular response. Early interest and research on Ca2+ signaling focused on its function in the cytosol, however it has become evident that this important regulatory pathway also exists in organelles such as nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria, peroxisomes and the endomembrane system. In this review, we give an overview on the knowledge about organellar Ca2+ signaling with a focus on recent advances and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Pirayesh
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maya Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ahlem Ben Khedher
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute C Vothknecht
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Fatima Chigri
- Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Wang X, Zhu B, Jiang Z, Wang S. Calcium-mediation of jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 287:110192. [PMID: 31481228 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) play vital roles in regulating a range of plant growth and development processes including seed germination, seedling development, reproduction, formation and development of storage organs, and senescence. JAs are also involved in the regulation of plant responses to environmental stimuli. The biosynthesis of JAs takes place in three different subcellular compartments, namely, the chloroplast, peroxisome, and cytoplasm. JAs activate the expression of JA-responsive genes by degrading jasmonate zinc-finger-inflorescence meristem (Zim) domain (JAZ) repressors via the E3 ubiquitin-ligase Skp/Cullin/F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) complex (SCFCOI1) by using 26S proteasome. Calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the regulation of the biosynthesis and signaling of JAs in plants. Among these signaling molecules, calcium is one of the most important within plant cells. In plants, intracellular calcium levels change in response to JAs, resulting in calcium signatures with temporal and spatial features. Calcium channels are involved in the generation of calcium signatures. Calcium sensors, including calmodulins (CaMs), CaM-like proteins (CMLs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), can act to regulate the biosynthesis and signaling of JAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Biping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhonghao Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
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7
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Tran D, Dauphin A, Meimoun P, Kadono T, Nguyen HTH, Arbelet-Bonnin D, Zhao T, Errakhi R, Lehner A, Kawano T, Bouteau F. Methanol induces cytosolic calcium variations, membrane depolarization and ethylene production in arabidopsis and tobacco. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:849-860. [PMID: 29579139 PMCID: PMC6215043 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Methanol is a volatile organic compound released from plants through the action of pectin methylesterases (PMEs), which demethylesterify cell wall pectins. Plant PMEs play a role in developmental processes but also in responses to herbivory and infection by fungal or bacterial pathogens. However, molecular mechanisms that explain how methanol could affect plant defences remain poorly understood. Methods Using cultured cells and seedlings from Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco BY2 expressing the apoaequorin gene, allowing quantification of cytosolic Ca2+, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe (CLA, Cypridina luciferin analogue) and electrophysiological techniques, we followed early plant cell responses to exogenously supplied methanol applied as a liquid or as volatile. Key Results Methanol induces cytosolic Ca2+ variations that involve Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane and Ca2+ release from internal stores. Our data further suggest that these Ca2+ variations could interact with different ROS and support a signalling pathway leading to well known plant responses to pathogens such as plasma membrane depolarization through anion channel regulation and ethylene synthesis. Conclusions Methanol is not only a by-product of PME activities, and our data suggest that [Ca2+]cyt variations could participate in signalling processes induced by methanol upstream of plant defence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tran
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Department of Physiology & Cell Information Systems Group, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Aurélien Dauphin
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3215, INSERM U934, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Meimoun
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UMR7622–IBPS, Paris, France
| | - Takashi Kadono
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Science, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Hieu T H Nguyen
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyushu, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Delphine Arbelet-Bonnin
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
| | - Rafik Errakhi
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Eurofins Agriscience Service, Marocco
| | - Arnaud Lehner
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, EA4358, SFR Normandie végétal, Rouen, France
| | - Tomonori Kawano
- Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyushu, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan
- LINV Kitakyushu Research Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Interdisciplinary Energy Research Institute (PIERI), Paris, France
| | - François Bouteau
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain, Paris, France
- LINV Kitakyushu Research Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
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8
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Charpentier M. Calcium Signals in the Plant Nucleus: Origin and Function. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4986421. [PMID: 29718301 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The universality of calcium as an intracellular messenger depends on the dynamics of its spatial and temporal release from calcium stores. Accumulating evidence over the past two decades supports an essential role for nuclear calcium signalling in the transduction of specific stimuli into cellular responses. This review focusses on mechanisms underpinning changes in nuclear calcium concentrations and discusses what is known so far, about the origin of the nuclear calcium signals identified, primarily in the context of microbial symbioses and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Charpentier
- John Innes Centre, Department of Cell and developmental Biology, Colney Lane, Norwich, UK
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9
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Luo S, Zhang X, Wang J, Jiao C, Chen Y, Shen Y. Plant ion channels and transporters in herbivory-induced signalling. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:111-131. [PMID: 32291026 DOI: 10.1071/fp16318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to many biotic stresses that plants face, feeding by herbivores produces unique mechanical and chemical signatures. Plants have evolved effective systems to recognise these mechanical stimuli and chemical elicitors at the plasma membrane (PM), where this recognition generates ion fluxes, including an influx of Ca2+ that elicits cellular Ca2+ signalling, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and variation in transmembrane potential. These signalling events also function in propagation of long-distance signals (Ca2+ waves, ROS waves, and electrical signals), which contribute to rapid, systemic induction of defence responses. Recent studies have identified several candidate channels or transporters that likely produce these ion fluxes at the PM. Here, we describe the important roles of these channels/transporters in transduction or transmission of herbivory-induced early signalling events, long-distance signals, and jasmonic acid and green leaf volatile signalling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuitian Luo
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinfei Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunyang Jiao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingbai Shen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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10
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Schuman MC, Meldau S, Gaquerel E, Diezel C, McGale E, Greenfield S, Baldwin IT. The Active Jasmonate JA-Ile Regulates a Specific Subset of Plant Jasmonate-Mediated Resistance to Herbivores in Nature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:787. [PMID: 29963064 PMCID: PMC6010948 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The jasmonate hormones are essential regulators of plant defense against herbivores and include several dozen derivatives of the oxylipin jasmonic acid (JA). Among these, the conjugate jasmonoyl isoleucine (JA-Ile) has been shown to interact directly with the jasmonate co-receptor complex to regulate responses to jasmonate signaling. However, functional studies indicate that some aspects of jasmonate-mediated defense are not regulated by JA-Ile. Thus, it is not clear whether JA-Ile is best characterized as the master jasmonate regulator of defense, or if it regulates more specific aspects. We investigated possible functions of JA-Ile in anti-herbivore resistance of the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata, a model system for plant-herbivore interactions. We first analyzed the soluble and volatile secondary metabolomes of irJAR4xirJAR6, asLOX3, and WT plants, as well as an RNAi line targeting the jasmonate co-receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (irCOI1), following a standardized herbivory treatment. irJAR4xirJAR6 were the most similar to WT plants, having a ca. 60% overlap in differentially regulated metabolites with either asLOX3 or irCOI1. In contrast, while at least 25 volatiles differed between irCOI1 or asLOX3 and WT plants, there were few or no differences in herbivore-induced volatile emission between irJAR4xirJAR6 and WT plants, in glasshouse- or field-collected samples. We then measured the susceptibility of jasmonate-deficient vs. JA-Ile-deficient plants in nature, in comparison to wild-type (WT) controls, and found that JA-Ile-deficient plants (irJAR4xirJAR6) are much better defended even than a mildly jasmonate-deficient line (asLOX3). The differences among lines could be attributed to differences in damage from specific herbivores, which appeared to prefer either one or the other jasmonate-deficient phenotype. We further investigated the elicitation of one herbivore-induced volatile known to be jasmonate-regulated and to mediate resistance to herbivores: (E)-α-bergamotene. We found that JA was a more potent elicitor of (E)-α-bergamotene emission than was JA-Ile, and when treated with JA, irJAR4xirJAR6 plants emitted 20- to 40-fold as much (E)-α-bergamotene than WT. We conclude that JA-Ile regulates specific aspects of herbivore resistance in N. attenuata. This specificity may allow plants flexibility in their responses to herbivores and in managing trade-offs between resistance, vs. growth and reproduction, over the course of ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith C. Schuman
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Meredith C. Schuman
| | - Stefan Meldau
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Gaquerel
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Celia Diezel
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Erica McGale
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Sara Greenfield
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Plant Genetics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Ian T. Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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11
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Huang F, Luo J, Ning T, Cao W, Jin X, Zhao H, Wang Y, Han S. Cytosolic and Nucleosolic Calcium Signaling in Response to Osmotic and Salt Stresses Are Independent of Each Other in Roots of Arabidopsis Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1648. [PMID: 28983313 PMCID: PMC5613247 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Calcium acts as a universal second messenger in both developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses. Previous research has shown that a number of stimuli can induce [Ca2+] increases in both the cytoplasm and nucleus in plants. However, the relationship between cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium signaling remains obscure. Here, we generated transgenic plants containing a fusion protein, comprising rat parvalbumin (PV) with either a nuclear export sequence (PV-NES) or a nuclear localization sequence (NLS-PV), to selectively buffer the cytosolic or nucleosolic calcium. Firstly, we found that the osmotic stress-induced cytosolic [Ca2+] increase (OICIcyt) and the salt stress-induced cytosolic [Ca2+] increase (SICIcyt) were impaired in the PV-NES lines compared with the Arabidopsis wildtype (WT). Similarly, the osmotic stress-induced nucleosolic [Ca2+] increase (OICInuc) and salt stress-induced nucleosolic [Ca2+] increase (SICInuc) were also disrupted in the NLS-PV lines. These results indicate that PV can effectively buffer the increase of [Ca2+] in response to various stimuli in Arabidopsis. However, the OICIcyt and SICIcyt in the NLS-PV plants were similar to those in the WT, and the OICInuc and SICInuc in the PV-NES plants were also same as those in the WT, suggesting that the cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium dynamics are mutually independent. Furthermore, we found that osmotic stress- and salt stress-inhibited root growth was reduced dramatically in the PV-NES and NLS-PV lines, while the osmotic stress-induced increase of the lateral root primordia was higher in the PV-NES plants than either the WT or NLS-PV plants. In addition, several stress-responsive genes, namely CML37, DREB2A, MYB2, RD29A, and RD29B, displayed diverse expression patterns in response to osmotic and salt stress in the PV-NES and NLS-PV lines when compared with the WT. Together, these results imply that the cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium signaling coexist to play the pivotal roles in the growth and development of plants and their responses to environment stresses.
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12
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Martins TV, Evans MJ, Wysham DB, Morris RJ. Nuclear pores enable sustained perinuclear calcium oscillations. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2016; 10:55. [PMID: 27449670 PMCID: PMC4957432 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-016-0289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Calcium signalling relies on the flux of calcium ions across membranes yet how signals in different compartments are related remains unclear. In particular, similar calcium signals on both sides of the nuclear envelope have been reported and attributed to passive diffusion through nuclear pores. However, observed differing cytosolic and nucleosolic calcium signatures suggest that the signalling machinery in these compartments can act independently. Results We adapt the fire-diffuse-fire model to investigate the generation of perinuclear calcium oscillations. We demonstrate that autonomous spatio-temporal calcium patterns are still possible in the presence of nuclear and cytosolic coupling via nuclear pores. The presence or absence of this autonomy is dependent upon the strength of the coupling and the maximum firing rate of an individual calcium channel. In all cases, coupling through the nuclear pores enables robust signalling with respect to changes in the diffusion constant. Conclusions We show that contradictory interpretations of experimental data with respect to the autonomy of nuclear calcium oscillations can be reconciled within one model, with different observations being a consequence of varying nuclear pore permeabilities for calcium and refractory conditions of channels. Furthermore, our results provide an explanation for why calcium oscillations on both sides of the nuclear envelope may be beneficial for sustained perinuclear signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-016-0289-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vaz Martins
- Computational & Systems Biology and Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Matthew J Evans
- Computational & Systems Biology and Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Derin B Wysham
- Mathematics Department, Wenatchee Valley College, Wenatchee, USA
| | - Richard J Morris
- Computational & Systems Biology and Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
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13
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Methyl Jasmonate: An Alternative for Improving the Quality and Health Properties of Fresh Fruits. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060567. [PMID: 27258240 PMCID: PMC6273056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a plant growth regulator belonging to the jasmonate family. It plays an important role as a possible airborne signaling molecule mediating intra- and inter-plant communications and modulating plant defense responses, including antioxidant systems. Most assessments of this compound have dealt with post-harvest fruit applications, demonstrating induced plant resistance against the detrimental impacts of storage (chilling injuries and pathogen attacks), enhancing secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity. On the other hand, the interactions between MeJA and other compounds or technological tools for enhancing antioxidant capacity and quality of fruits were also reviewed. The pleiotropic effects of MeJA have raisen numerous as-yet unanswered questions about its mode of action. The aim of this review was endeavored to clarify the role of MeJA on improving pre- and post-harvest fresh fruit quality and health properties. Interestingly, the influence of MeJA on human health will be also discussed.
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Scholz SS, Reichelt M, Boland W, Mithöfer A. Additional evidence against jasmonate-induced jasmonate induction hypothesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 239:9-14. [PMID: 26398786 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates are phytohormones involved in development and stress reactions. The most prominent jasmonate is jasmonic acid, however, the bioactive jasmonate is (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile). Biosynthesis of jasmonates is long time known; compartmentalization, enzymes and corresponding genes are well studied. Because all genes encoding these biosynthetic enzymes are jasmonate inducible, a hypothesis of jasmonate-induced-jasmonate-biosynthesis is widely accepted. Here, this hypothesis was revisited by employing the synthetic JA-Ile mimic coronalon to intact and wounded leaves, which excludes structural cross-contamination with endogenous jasmonates. At an effective concentration that induced various jasmonate-responsive genes in Arabidopsis, neither accumulation of endogenous jasmonic acid, JA-Ile, nor of their hydroxylated metabolites was detected. Results indicate that in spite of jasmonate-induced biosynthetic gene expression, no jasmonate biosynthesis/accumulation takes place supporting a post-translational regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Scholz
- Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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Synthesis, metabolism and systemic transport of a fluorinated mimic of the endogenous jasmonate precursor OPC-8:0. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1545-53. [PMID: 26361871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are fatty acid derivatives that mediate many developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Synthetic jasmonate derivatives (commonly isotopically labeled), which mimic the action of the endogenous compounds are often employed as internal standards or probes to study metabolic processes. However, stable-isotope labeling of jasmonates does not allow the study of spatial and temporal distribution of these compounds in real time by positron emission tomography (PET). In this study, we explore whether a fluorinated jasmonate could mimic the action of the endogenous compound and therefore, be later employed as a tracer to study metabolic processes by PET. We describe the synthesis and the metabolism of (Z)-7-fluoro-8-(3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)octanoic acid (7F-OPC-8:0), a fluorinated analog of the JA precursor OPC-8:0. Like endogenous jasmonates, 7F-OPC-8:0 induces the transcription of marker jasmonate responsive genes (JRG) and the accumulation of jasmonates after its application to Arabidopsis thaliana plants. By using UHPLC-MS/MS, we could show that 7F-OPC-8:0 is metabolized in vivo similarly to the endogenous OPC-8:0. Furthermore, the fluorinated analog was successfully employed as a probe to show its translocation to undamaged systemic leaves when it was applied to wounded leaves. This result suggests that OPC-8:0 - and maybe other oxylipins - may contribute to the mobile signal which triggers systemic defense responses in plants. We highlight the potential of fluorinated oxylipins to study the mode of action of lipid-derived molecules in planta, either by conventional analytical methods or fluorine-based detection techniques.
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16
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Kiep V, Vadassery J, Lattke J, Maaß JP, Boland W, Peiter E, Mithöfer A. Systemic cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation is activated upon wounding and herbivory in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:996-1004. [PMID: 25996806 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca(2+) ) signalling triggered by insect herbivory is an intricate network with multiple components, involving positive and negative regulators. Real-time, noninvasive imaging of entire Arabidopsis thaliana rosettes was employed to monitor cytosolic free calcium ([Ca(2+) ]cyt ) elevations in local and systemic leaves in response to wounding and Spodoptera littoralis feeding. Luminescence emitted by the cytosol-localized Ca(2+) reporter aequorin was imaged using a high-resolution photon-counting camera system. Spodoptera littoralis feeding on Arabidopsis induced both local and systemic [Ca(2+) ]cyt elevations. Systemic [Ca(2+) ]cyt signals were found predominantly in adjacent leaves with direct vascular connections to the treated leaf and appeared with a delay of 1 to 2 min. Simulated herbivory by wounding always induced a local [Ca(2+) ]cyt response, but a systemic one only when the midrib was wounded. This systemic [Ca(2+) ]cyt response was suppressed by the presence of insect-derived oral secretions as well as in a mutant of the vacuolar cation channel, Two Pore Channel 1 (TPC1). Our results provide evidence that in Arabidopsis insect herbivory induces both local and systemic [Ca(2+) ]cyt signals that distribute within the vascular system. The systemic [Ca(2+) ]cyt signal could play an important signalling role in systemic plant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Kiep
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences (IAEW), Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Justus Lattke
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences (IAEW), Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Maaß
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences (IAEW), Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences (IAEW), Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Crop Research (IZN), Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
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Jimenez-Aleman GH, Machado RAR, Görls H, Baldwin IT, Boland W. Synthesis, structural characterization and biological activity of two diastereomeric JA-Ile macrolactones. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5885-93. [PMID: 25806705 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00362h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Jasmonates are phytohormones involved in a wide range of plant processes, including growth, development, senescence, and defense. Jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile, 2), an amino acid conjugate of jasmonic acid (JA, 1), has been identified as a bioactive endogenous jasmonate. However, JA-Ile (2) analogues trigger different responses in the plant. ω-Hydroxylation of the pentenyl side chain leads to the inactive 12-OH-JA-Ile (3) acting as a “stop” signal. On the other hand, a lactone derivative of 12-OH-JA (5) (jasmine ketolactone, JKL) occurs in nature, although with no known biological function. Inspired by the chemical structure of JKL (6) and in order to further explore the potential biological activities of 12-modified JA-Ile derivatives, we synthesized two macrolactones (JA-Ile-lactones (4a) and (4b)) derived from 12-OH-JA-Ile (3). The biological activity of (4a) and (4b) was tested for their ability to elicit nicotine production, a well-known jasmonate dependent secondary metabolite. Both macrolactones showed strong biological activity, inducing nicotine accumulation to a similar extent as methyl jasmonate does in Nicotiana attenuata leaves. Surprisingly, the highest nicotine contents were found in plants treated with the JA-Ile-lactone (4b), which has (3S,7S) configuration at the cyclopentanone not known from natural jasmonates. Macrolactone (4a) is a valuable standard to explore for its occurrence in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo H Jimenez-Aleman
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
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18
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Synthesis of 6-substituted 1-oxoindanoyl isoleucine conjugates and modeling studies with the COI1-JAZ co-receptor complex of lima bean. J Chem Ecol 2014; 40:687-99. [PMID: 25008776 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-014-0469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The conjugates of 6-substituted 1-oxoindanoyl carboxylic acids with L-isoleucine are mimics of the plant hormone (+)-7-iso-JA-L-Ile (3) that controls and regulates secondary metabolism and stress responses. In order to generate ligands that can be used as hormone-like compounds possessing different biological activities, an efficient and short synthesis of 6-bromo-1-oxoindane-4-carboxylic acid opens a general route to 6-Br-1-oxoindanoyl L-isoleucine conjugate (Br-In-L-Ile) (9a) as a key intermediate for several bioactive 6-halogen-In-L-Ile analogs (7a, 8a, 10a). The 6-ethynyl-In-L-Ile analog (11a) might be a valuable tool to localize macromolecular receptor molecules by click-chemistry. The activities of In-Ile derivatives were evaluated by assays inducing the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus). Each compound showed slightly different VOC induction patterns. To correlate such differences with structural features, modeling studies of In-Ile derivatives with COI-JAZa/b/c co-receptors of P. lunatus were performed. The modeling profits from the rigid backbone of the 1-oxoindanonoyl conjugates, which allows only well defined interactions with the receptor complex.
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19
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Charpentier M, Oldroyd GE. Nuclear calcium signaling in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:496-503. [PMID: 23749852 PMCID: PMC3793031 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.220863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell nuclei can generate calcium responses to a variety of inputs, tantamount among them the response to signaling molecules from symbiotic microorganisms .
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Charpentier
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Giles E.D. Oldroyd
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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20
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Guan Q, Wu J, Yue X, Zhang Y, Zhu J. A nuclear calcium-sensing pathway is critical for gene regulation and salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003755. [PMID: 24009530 PMCID: PMC3757082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is an important environmental factor that significantly limits crop productivity worldwide. Studies on responses of plants to salt stress in recent years have identified novel signaling pathways and have been at the forefront of plant stress biology and plant biology in general. Thus far, research on salt stress in plants has been focused on cytoplasmic signaling pathways. In this study, we discovered a nuclear calcium-sensing and signaling pathway that is critical for salt stress tolerance in the reference plant Arabidopsis. Through a forward genetic screen, we found a nuclear-localized calcium-binding protein, RSA1 (SHORT ROOT IN SALT MEDIUM 1), which is required for salt tolerance, and identified its interacting partner, RITF1, a bHLH transcription factor. We show that RSA1 and RITF1 regulate the transcription of several genes involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species generated by salt stress and that they also regulate the SOS1 gene that encodes a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter essential for salt tolerance. Together, our results suggest the existence of a novel nuclear calcium-sensing and -signaling pathway that is important for gene regulation and salt stress tolerance. Salt stress greatly constrains the productivity of crops worldwide. With the increasing demand for food and fiber from the growing world population, sustainability of crop production is of fundamental importance. Studies with plants in the past decade have identified novel signaling pathways, and so far, research on salt stress in plants has focused on cytoplasmic signaling pathways. In the current study, we revealed a nuclear calcium-sensing and -signaling pathway that is essential for salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. We identified a nuclear-localized calcium-binding protein, RSA1, in a forward genetic screen for salt tolerance determinants. We found an RSA1 interacting partner, RITF1, a bHLH transcription factor. RSA1 and RITF1 regulate the transcription of several genes involved in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species that are caused by salt stress, and they also regulate the SOS1 gene that encodes a plasma membrane-localized Na+/H+ antiporter crucial for Na+ homeostasis and salt tolerance. Our research suggests a novel nuclear calcium-sensing and -signaling pathway is important for gene regulation and salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Guan
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiule Yue
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Upadhyaya CP, Gururani MA, Prasad R, Verma A. A Cell Wall Extract from Piriformospora indica Promotes Tuberization in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Via Enhanced Expression of Ca+2 Signaling Pathway and Lipoxygenase Gene. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:743-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kombrink E. Chemical and genetic exploration of jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling paths. PLANTA 2012; 236:1351-66. [PMID: 23011567 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates are lipid-derived compounds that act as signals in plant stress responses and developmental processes. Enzymes participating in biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and components of JA signaling have been extensively characterized by biochemical and molecular-genetic tools. Mutants have helped to define the pathway for synthesis of jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile), the bioactive form of JA, and to identify the F-box protein COI1 as central regulatory unit. Details on the molecular mechanism of JA signaling were recently unraveled by the discovery of JAZ proteins that together with the adaptor protein NINJA and the general co-repressor TOPLESS form a transcriptional repressor complex. The current model of JA perception and signaling implies the SCF(COI1) complex operating as E3 ubiquitin ligase that upon binding of JA-Ile targets JAZ proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome pathway, thereby allowing MYC2 and other transcription factors to activate gene expression. Chemical strategies, as integral part of jasmonate research, have helped the establishment of structure-activity relationships and the discovery of (+)-7-iso-JA-L-Ile as the major bioactive form of the hormone. The transient nature of its accumulation highlights the need to understand catabolism and inactivation of JA-Ile and recent studies indicate that oxidation of JA-Ile by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase is the major mechanism for turning JA signaling off. Plants contain numerous JA metabolites, which may have pronounced and differential bioactivity. A major challenge in the field of plant lipid signaling is to identify the cognate receptors and modes of action of these bioactive jasmonates/oxylipins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Kombrink
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Köln, Germany.
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War AR, Paulraj MG, Ahmad T, Buhroo AA, Hussain B, Ignacimuthu S, Sharma HC. Mechanisms of plant defense against insect herbivores. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2012; 7:1306-20. [PMID: 22895106 PMCID: PMC3493419 DOI: 10.4161/psb.21663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 744] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to herbivory through various morphological, biochemicals, and molecular mechanisms to counter/offset the effects of herbivore attack. The biochemical mechanisms of defense against the herbivores are wide-ranging, highly dynamic, and are mediated both by direct and indirect defenses. The defensive compounds are either produced constitutively or in response to plant damage, and affect feeding, growth, and survival of herbivores. In addition, plants also release volatile organic compounds that attract the natural enemies of the herbivores. These strategies either act independently or in conjunction with each other. However, our understanding of these defensive mechanisms is still limited. Induced resistance could be exploited as an important tool for the pest management to minimize the amounts of insecticides used for pest control. Host plant resistance to insects, particularly, induced resistance, can also be manipulated with the use of chemical elicitors of secondary metabolites, which confer resistance to insects. By understanding the mechanisms of induced resistance, we can predict the herbivores that are likely to be affected by induced responses. The elicitors of induced responses can be sprayed on crop plants to build up the natural defense system against damage caused by herbivores. The induced responses can also be engineered genetically, so that the defensive compounds are constitutively produced in plants against are challenged by the herbivory. Induced resistance can be exploited for developing crop cultivars, which readily produce the inducible response upon mild infestation, and can act as one of components of integrated pest management for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rashid War
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Patancheru; Andhra Pradesh, India
- Entomology Research Institute; Loyola College; Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Tariq Ahmad
- Division of Entomology; Department of Zoology; University of Kashmir; Srinagar, India
| | - Abdul Ahad Buhroo
- Division of Entomology; Department of Zoology; University of Kashmir; Srinagar, India
| | | | | | - Hari Chand Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT); Patancheru; Andhra Pradesh, India
- Correspondence to: Hari Chand Sharma,
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Vadassery J, Reichelt M, Hause B, Gershenzon J, Boland W, Mithöfer A. CML42-mediated calcium signaling coordinates responses to Spodoptera herbivory and abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 159:1159-75. [PMID: 22570470 PMCID: PMC3387702 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.198150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the interaction between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the generalist herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis, little is known about early events in defense signaling and their link to downstream phytohormone pathways. S. littoralis oral secretions induced both Ca²⁺ and phytohormone elevation in Arabidopsis. Plant gene expression induced by oral secretions revealed up-regulation of a gene encoding a calmodulin-like protein, CML42. Functional analysis of cml42 plants revealed more resistance to herbivory than in the wild type, because caterpillars gain less weight on the mutant, indicating that CML42 negatively regulates plant defense; cml42 also showed increased aliphatic glucosinolate content and hyperactivated transcript accumulation of the jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive genes VSP2 and Thi2.1 upon herbivory, which might contribute to increased resistance. CML42 up-regulation is negatively regulated by the jasmonate receptor Coronatine Insensitive1 (COI1), as loss of functional COI1 resulted in prolonged CML42 activation. CML42 thus acts as a negative regulator of plant defense by decreasing COI1-mediated JA sensitivity and the expression of JA-responsive genes and is independent of herbivory-induced JA biosynthesis. JA-induced Ca²⁺ elevation and root growth inhibition were more sensitive in cml42, also indicating higher JA perception. Our results indicate that CML42 acts as a crucial signaling component connecting Ca²⁺ and JA signaling. CML42 is localized to cytosol and nucleus. CML42 is also involved in abiotic stress responses, as kaempferol glycosides were down-regulated in cml42, and impaired in ultraviolet B resistance. Under drought stress, the level of abscisic acid accumulation was higher in cml42 plants. Thus, CML42 might serve as a Ca²⁺ sensor having multiple functions in insect herbivory defense and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
- Departments of Bioorganic Chemistry (J.V., W.B., A.M.) and Biochemistry (M.R., J.G.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; and
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D–06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (B.H.)
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Departments of Bioorganic Chemistry (J.V., W.B., A.M.) and Biochemistry (M.R., J.G.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; and
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D–06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (B.H.)
| | - Bettina Hause
- Departments of Bioorganic Chemistry (J.V., W.B., A.M.) and Biochemistry (M.R., J.G.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; and
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D–06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (B.H.)
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Departments of Bioorganic Chemistry (J.V., W.B., A.M.) and Biochemistry (M.R., J.G.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; and
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D–06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (B.H.)
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Departments of Bioorganic Chemistry (J.V., W.B., A.M.) and Biochemistry (M.R., J.G.), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; and
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D–06120 Halle/Saale, Germany (B.H.)
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25
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Peng Y, Zhang S, Wen F, Ma X, Yang C, Zhang X. In Vivo Nanoelectrospray for the Localization of Bioactive Molecules in Plants by Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3058-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300748h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue’e Peng
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wen
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ma
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Chengdui Yang
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Beijing Key
Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods
and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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26
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Stael S, Wurzinger B, Mair A, Mehlmer N, Vothknecht UC, Teige M. Plant organellar calcium signalling: an emerging field. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:1525-42. [PMID: 22200666 PMCID: PMC3966264 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the established and emerging roles that organelles play in calcium signalling. The function of calcium as a secondary messenger in signal transduction networks is well documented in all eukaryotic organisms, but so far existing reviews have hardly addressed the role of organelles in calcium signalling, except for the nucleus. Therefore, a brief overview on the main calcium stores in plants-the vacuole, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the apoplast-is provided and knowledge on the regulation of calcium concentrations in different cellular compartments is summarized. The main focus of the review will be the calcium handling properties of chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Recently, it became clear that these organelles not only undergo calcium regulation themselves, but are able to influence the Ca(2+) signalling pathways of the cytoplasm and the entire cell. Furthermore, the relevance of recent discoveries in the animal field for the regulation of organellar calcium signals will be discussed and conclusions will be drawn regarding potential homologous mechanisms in plant cells. Finally, a short overview on bacterial calcium signalling is included to provide some ideas on the question where this typically eukaryotic signalling mechanism could have originated from during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stael
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Wurzinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mair
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ute C. Vothknecht
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) at the Department of Biology of the LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
- To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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27
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Ranty B, Cotelle V, Galaud JP, Mazars C. Nuclear Calcium Signaling and Its Involvement in Transcriptional Regulation in Plants. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:1123-43. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Mazars C, Brière C, Bourque S, Thuleau P. Nuclear calcium signaling: an emerging topic in plants. Biochimie 2011; 93:2068-74. [PMID: 21683118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The calcium ion is probably one of the most studied second messenger both in plant and animal fields. A large number of reviews have browsed the diversity of cytosolic calcium signatures and evaluated their pleiotropic roles in plant and animal cells. In the recent years, an increasing number of reviews has focused on nuclear calcium, especially on the possible roles of nuclear calcium concentration variations on nuclear activities. Experiments initially performed on animal cells gave conflicting results that brought about a controversy about the ability of the nucleus to generate its own calcium signals and to regulate its calcium level. But in plant cells, several converging scientific pieces of evidence support the hypothesis of nucleus autonomy. The present review briefly summarizes data supporting this hypothesis and tries to put forward some possible roles for these nucleus-generated calcium signals in controlling nuclear activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences végétales, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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29
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Schäfer M, Fischer C, Meldau S, Seebald E, Oelmüller R, Baldwin IT. Lipase activity in insect oral secretions mediates defense responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:1520-34. [PMID: 21546453 PMCID: PMC3135923 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.173567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
How plants perceive herbivory is not yet well understood. We investigated early responses of the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to attack from the generalist grasshopper herbivore, Schistocerca gregaria (Caelifera). When compared with wounding alone, S. gregaria attack and the application of grasshopper oral secretions (GS) to puncture wounds elicited a rapid accumulation of various oxylipins, including 13-hydroperoxy octadecatrienoic acid, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), jasmonic acid, and jasmonic acid-isoleucine. Additionally, GS increased cytosolic calcium levels, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK3 and MPK6) activity, and ethylene emission but not the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Although GS contain caeliferin A16:0, a putative elicitor of caeliferan herbivores, treatment with pure, synthetic caeliferin A16:0 did not induce any of the observed responses. With mutant plants, we demonstrate that the observed changes in oxylipin levels are independent of MPK3 and MPK6 activity but that MPK6 is important for the GS-induced ethylene release. Biochemical and pharmacological analyses revealed that the lipase activity of GS plays a central role in the GS-induced accumulation of oxylipins, especially OPDA, which could be fully mimicked by treating puncture wounds only with a lipase from Rhizopus arrhizus. GS elicitation increased the levels of OPDA-responsive transcripts. Because the oral secretions of most insects used to study herbivory-induced responses in Arabidopsis rapidly elicit similar accumulations of OPDA, we suggest that lipids containing OPDA (arabidopsides) play an important role in the activation of herbivory-induced responses.
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Cytochrome P450 CYP94B3 mediates catabolism and inactivation of the plant hormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:9298-303. [PMID: 21576464 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1103542108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile) signals through the COI1-JAZ coreceptor complex to control key aspects of plant growth, development, and immune function. Despite detailed knowledge of the JA-Ile biosynthetic pathway, little is known about the genetic basis of JA-Ile catabolism and inactivation. Here, we report the identification of a wound- and jasmonate-responsive gene from Arabidopsis that encodes a cytochrome P450 (CYP94B3) involved in JA-Ile turnover. Metabolite analysis of wounded leaves showed that loss of CYP94B3 function in cyp94b3 mutants causes hyperaccumulation of JA-Ile and concomitant reduction in 12-hydroxy-JA-Ile (12OH-JA-Ile) content, whereas overexpression of this enzyme results in severe depletion of JA-Ile and corresponding changes in 12OH-JA-Ile levels. In vitro studies showed that heterologously expressed CYP94B3 converts JA-Ile to 12OH-JA-Ile, and that 12OH-JA-Ile is less effective than JA-Ile in promoting the formation of COI1-JAZ receptor complexes. CYP94B3-overexpressing plants displayed phenotypes indicative of JA-Ile deficiency, including defects in male fertility, resistance to jasmonate-induced growth inhibition, and susceptibility to insect attack. Increased accumulation of JA-Ile in wounded cyp94b3 leaves was associated with enhanced expression of jasmonate-responsive genes. These results demonstrate that CYP94B3 exerts negative feedback control on JA-Ile levels and performs a key role in attenuation of jasmonate responses.
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31
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Synthesis of the amino acid conjugates of epi-jasmonic acid. Amino Acids 2011; 42:1955-66. [PMID: 21562820 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The TES ether of the C6-hydroxy derivative of naturally occurring epi-jasmonic acid (epi-JA) was designed as epimerization-free equivalent of epi-JA. The TES ether was synthesized from (1R,4S)-4-hydroxycyclopent-2-enyl acetate in 13 steps. The acid part of the ether was activated with ClCO2Bui and subjected to condensation with L-amino acid at room temperature for 48 h. The TES group in the condensation product was removed in HCO2H (0°C, 30 min) and the resulting hydroxyl group was oxidized with Jones reagent (acetone, 0°C, 30 min) to furnish the amino acid conjugate of epi-JA. The amino acids examined are L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-alanine, L-valine, and D-allo-isoleucine, which afforded the conjugates in 48-68% yields with 89-96% diastereomeric purity over the trans isomers. Similarly, the possible three stereoisomers of epi-JA were condensed with L-isoleucine successfully, producing the corresponding stereoisomers in good yields.
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Matzke AJM, Weiger TM, Matzke M. Ion channels at the nucleus: electrophysiology meets the genome. MOLECULAR PLANT 2010; 3:642-52. [PMID: 20410254 PMCID: PMC2910552 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope is increasingly viewed from an electrophysiological perspective by researchers interested in signal transduction pathways that influence gene transcription and other processes in the nucleus. Here, we describe evidence for ion channels and transporters in the nuclear membranes and for possible ion gating by the nuclear pores. We argue that a systems-level understanding of cellular regulation is likely to require the assimilation of nuclear electrophysiology into molecular and biochemical signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonius J M Matzke
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
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33
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Mazars C, Thuleau P, Lamotte O, Bourque S. Cross-talk between ROS and calcium in regulation of nuclear activities. MOLECULAR PLANT 2010; 3:706-18. [PMID: 20522524 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are acknowledged as crucial second messengers involved in the response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is still not clear how these two compounds can play a role in different signaling pathways leading the plant to a variety of processes such as root development or defense against pathogens. Recently, it has been shown that the concept of calcium and ROS signatures, initially discovered in the cytoplasm, can also be extended to the nucleus of plant cells. In addition, it has been clearly proved that both ROS and calcium signals are intimately interconnected. How this cross-talk can finally modulate the translocation and/or the activity of nuclear proteins leading to the control of specific genes expression is the main focus of this review. We will especially focus on how calcium and ROS interact at the molecular level to modify their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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34
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Nonaka H, Ogawa N, Maeda N, Wang YG, Kobayashi Y. Stereoselective synthesis of epi-jasmonic acid, tuberonic acid, and 12-oxo-PDA. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:5212-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00218f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Lachaud C, Da Silva D, Cotelle V, Thuleau P, Xiong TC, Jauneau A, Brière C, Graziana A, Bellec Y, Faure JD, Ranjeva R, Mazars C. Nuclear calcium controls the apoptotic-like cell death induced by d-erythro-sphinganine in tobacco cells. Cell Calcium 2010; 47:92-100. [PMID: 20022633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies performed in animals have highlighted the major role of sphingolipids in regulating the balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Sphingolipids have also been shown to induce cell death in plants via calcium-based signalling pathways but the contribution of free cytosolic and/or nuclear calcium in the overall process has never been evaluated. Here, we show that increase in tobacco BY-2 cells of the endogenous content of Long Chain Bases (LCBs) caused by external application of d-erythro-sphinganine (DHS) is followed by immediate dose-dependent elevations of cellular free calcium concentration within the first minute in the cytosol and 10min later in the nucleus. Cells challenged with DHS enter a death process through apoptotic-like mechanisms. Lanthanum chloride, a general blocker of calcium entry, suppresses the cellular calcium variations and the PCD induced by DHS. Interestingly, dl-2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid (AP5) and [(+)-dizocilpine] (MK801), two inhibitors of animal and plant ionotropic glutamate receptors, suppress DHS-induced cell death symptoms by selectively inhibiting the variations of nuclear calcium concentration. The selective action of these compounds demonstrates the crucial role of nuclear calcium signature in controlling DHS-induced cell death in tobacco cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lachaud
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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36
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Chen KX, Li ZG. Exploring the structural requirements for jasmonates and related compounds as novel plant growth regulators: a current computational perspective. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2009; 4:1007-9. [PMID: 20009552 PMCID: PMC2819504 DOI: 10.4161/psb.4.11.9717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates and related compounds have been highlighted recently in the field of plant physiology and plant molecular biology due to their significant regulatory roles in the signaling pathway for the diverse aspects of plant development and survival. Though a considerable amount of studies concerning their biological effects in different plants have been widely reported, the molecular details of the signaling mechanism are still poorly understood. This review sheds new light on the structural requirements for the bioactivity/property of jasmonic acid derivatives in current computational perspective, which differs from previous research that mainly focus on their biological evaluation, gene and metabolic regulation and the enzymes in their biosynthesis. The computational results may contribute to further understanding the mechanism of drug-receptor interactions in their signaling pathway and designing novel plant growth regulators as high effective ecological pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xian Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Hause B, Schaarschmidt S. The role of jasmonates in mutualistic symbioses between plants and soil-born microorganisms. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1589-99. [PMID: 19700177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Many plants are able to develop mutualistic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and/or nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Whereas the former is widely distributed among most of the land plants, the latter is restricted to species of ten plant families, including the legumes. The establishment of both associations is based on mutual recognition and a high degree of coordination at the morphological and physiological level. This requires the activity of a number of signals, including jasmonates. Here, recent knowledge on the putative roles of jasmonates in both mutualistic symbioses will be reviewed. Firstly, the action of jasmonates will be discussed in terms of the initial signal exchange between symbionts and in the resulting plant signaling cascade common for nodulation and mycorrhization. Secondly, the putative role of jasmonates in the autoregulation of the endosymbioses will be outlined. Finally, aspects of function of jasmonates in the fully established symbioses will be presented. Various processes will be discussed that are possibly mediated by jasmonates, including the redox status of nodules and the carbohydrate partitioning of mycorrhizal roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Hause
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Department of Secondary Metabolism, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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38
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Böttcher C, Pollmann S. Plant oxylipins: plant responses to 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid are governed by its specific structural and functional properties. FEBS J 2009; 276:4693-704. [PMID: 19663904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the most challenging questions in modern plant science is how plants regulate their morphological and developmental adaptation in response to changes in their biotic and abiotic environment. A comprehensive elucidation of the underlying mechanisms will help shed light on the extremely efficient strategies of plants in terms of survival and propagation. In recent years, a number of environmental stress conditions have been described as being mediated by signaling molecules of the oxylipin family. In this context, jasmonic acid, its biosynthetic precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), and also reactive electrophilic species such as phytoprostanes play pivotal roles. Although our understanding of jasmonic acid-dependent processes and jasmonic acid signal-transduction cascades has made considerable progress in recent years, knowledge of the regulation and mode of action of OPDA-dependent plant responses is just emerging. This minireview focuses on recent work concerned with the elucidation of OPDA-specific processes in plants. In this context, aspects such as the differential recruitment of OPDA, either by de novo biosynthesis or by release from cyclo-oxylipin-galactolipids, and the conjugation of free OPDA are discussed.
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Vadassery J, Ranf S, Drzewiecki C, Mithöfer A, Mazars C, Scheel D, Lee J, Oelmüller R. A cell wall extract from the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes growth of Arabidopsis seedlings and induces intracellular calcium elevation in roots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 59:193-206. [PMID: 19392691 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.03867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+), as a second messenger, is crucial for signal transduction processes during many biotic interactions. We demonstrate that cellular [Ca2+] elevations are early events in the interaction between the plant growth-promoting fungus Piriformospora indica and Arabidopsis thaliana. A cell wall extract (CWE) from the fungus promotes the growth of wild-type seedlings but not of seedlings from P. indica-insensitive mutants. The extract and the fungus also induce a similar set of genes in Arabidopsis roots, among them genes with Ca2+ signalling-related functions. The CWE induces a transient cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+](cyt)) elevation in the roots of Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants, as well as in BY-2 suspension cultures expressing the Ca2+ bioluminescent indicator aequorin. Nuclear Ca2+ transients were also observed in tobacco BY-2 cells. The Ca2+ response was more pronounced in roots than in shoots and involved Ca2+ uptake from the extracellular space as revealed by inhibitor studies. Inhibition of the Ca2+ response by staurosporine and the refractory nature of the Ca2+ elevation suggest that a receptor may be involved. The CWE does not stimulate H2O2 production and the activation of defence gene expression, although it led to phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The involvement of MAPK6 in the mutualistic interaction was shown for an mpk6 line, which did not respond to P. indica. Thus, Ca2+ is likely to be an early signalling component in the mutualistic interaction between P. indica and Arabidopsis or tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothilakshmi Vadassery
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Allgemeine Botanik und Pflanzenphysiologie, Dornburger Street 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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40
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Li ZG, Chen KX, Xie HY, Gao JR. Quantitative structure-property relationship studies on amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid as defense signaling molecules. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 51:581-592. [PMID: 19522817 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2009.00829.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates and related compounds, including amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid, have regulatory functions in the signaling pathway for plant developmental processes and responses to the complex equilibrium of biotic and abiotic stress. But the molecular details of the signaling mechanism are still poorly understood. Statistically significant quantitative structure-property relationship models (r(2) > 0.990) constructed by genetic function approximation and molecular field analysis were generated for the purpose of deriving structural requirements for lipophilicity of amino acid conjugates of jasmonic acid. The best models derived in the present study provide some valuable academic information in terms of the 2/3D-descriptors influencing the lipophilicity, which may contribute to further understanding the mechanism of exogenous application of jasmonates in their signaling pathway and designing novel analogs of jasmonic acid as ecological pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Guang Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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41
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Mithöfer A, Mazars C, Maffei ME. Probing Spatio-temporal Intracellular Calcium Variations in Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 479:79-92. [PMID: 19083174 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-289-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) ions act as intracellular second messengers in many different signalling processes in plant cells and thus contribute to the amplification step of the signalling pathway and the specificity of the adaptative response. Dynamics of calcium described as spatial and temporal changes of the Ca(2+) concentrations either in the cytosol and/or in other compartments of the plant cell are now accepted to generate "calcium signatures", which might be responsible for the initiation of specific downstream events leading to the mounting of an appropriate response. To identify and elucidate the properties of such signatures, highly sensitive and specific methods have been developed and are used to measure and monitor variations in intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. Two of these methods, namely bio-luminescence and fluorescence in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Mithöfer
- Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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42
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Mazars C, Bourque S, Mithöfer A, Pugin A, Ranjeva R. Calcium homeostasis in plant cell nuclei. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2009; 181:261-274. [PMID: 19130634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, calcium-based signaling pathways are involved in a large array of biological processes, including cell division, polarity, growth, development and adaptation to changing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions. Free calcium changes are known to proceed in a nonstereotypical manner and produce a specific signature, which mirrors the nature, strength and frequency of a stimulus. The temporal aspects of calcium signatures are well documented, but their vectorial aspects also have a profound influence on biological output. Here, we will focus on the regulation of calcium homeostasis in the nucleus. We will discuss data and present hypotheses suggesting that, while interacting with other organelles, the nucleus has the potential to generate and regulate calcium signals on its own.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mazars
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Stéphane Bourque
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Alain Pugin
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
| | - Raoul Ranjeva
- UMR CNRS 5546/Université de Toulouse, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, BP 42617 Auzeville, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan cédex, France;UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université de Bourgogne Plante-Microbe-Environnement, 17 Rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon cédex, France;Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany;GDR CNRS Calcium et Régulation des Gènes, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cédex, France
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Ogawa N, Kobayashi Y. Strategy for synthesis of the isoleucine conjugate of epi-jasmonic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Katsir L, Chung HS, Koo AJ, Howe GA. Jasmonate signaling: a conserved mechanism of hormone sensing. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2008; 11:428-35. [PMID: 18583180 PMCID: PMC2560989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The lipid-derived hormone jasmonate (JA) regulates diverse aspects of plant immunity and development. Among the central components of the JA signaling cascade are the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFCOI1 and Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins that repress transcription of JA-responsive genes. Recent studies provide evidence that amino acid-conjugated forms of JA initiate signal transduction upon formation of a coronatine-insensitive1 (COI1)-JA-JAZ ternary complex in which JAZs are ubiquitinated and subsequently degraded. Coronatine, a virulence factor produced by the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, is a potent agonist of this hormone receptor system. Coronatine-induced targeting of JAZs to COI1 obstructs host immune responses to P. syrinage, providing a striking example of how pathogens exploit hormone signaling pathways in the host to promote disease. These findings, together with homology between COI1 and the auxin receptor, TIR1, extend the paradigm of F-box proteins as intracellular sensors of small molecules, and suggest a common evolutionary origin of the auxin and JA response pathways.
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Staswick PE. JAZing up jasmonate signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2008; 13:66-71. [PMID: 18261950 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent discoveries show that jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) transcriptional repressors are key regulators of jasmonate hormonal response. Jasmonate promotes interaction between JAZ proteins and the SCF(COI1) ubiquitin ligase, leading to JAZ degradation via the 26S proteasome in Arabidopsis thaliana. Elimination of JAZ repressors then frees the MYC2 transcription factor to stimulate jasmonate-dependent gene expression. Although jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate were thought to be key regulators of jasmonate responses, they were ineffective in promoting SCF(COI1)-JAZ interaction and it is the isoleucine conjugate of jasmonic acid that acts in this signal transduction pathway. The discovery of JAZ transcriptional regulators greatly advances our understanding of how jasmonate signaling regulates plant growth and response to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Staswick
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68585, USA
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