1
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Roy A, Dhibar S, Karmakar K, Bhattacharjee S, Saha B, Ray SJ. Development of a novel self-healing Zn(II)-metallohydrogel with wide bandgap semiconducting properties for non-volatile memory device application. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13109. [PMID: 38849385 PMCID: PMC11161586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A rapid and effective strategy has been devised for the swift development of a Zn(II)-ion-based supramolecular metallohydrogel, termed Zn@PEH, using pentaethylenehexamine as a low molecular weight gelator. This process occurs in an aqueous medium at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The mechanical strength of the synthesized Zn@PEH metallohydrogel has been assessed through rheological analysis, considering angular frequency and oscillator stress dependencies. Notably, the Zn@PEH metallohydrogel exhibits exceptional self-healing abilities and can bear substantial loads, which have been characterized through thixotropic analysis. Additionally, this metallohydrogel displays injectable properties. The structural arrangement resembling pebbles within the hierarchical network of the supramolecular Zn@PEH metallohydrogel has been explored using FESEM and TEM measurements. EDX elemental mapping has confirmed the primary chemical constituents of the metallohydrogel. The formation mechanism of the metallohydrogel has been analyzed via FT-IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, zinc(II) metallohydrogel (Zn@PEH)-based Schottky diode structure has been fabricated in a lateral metal-semiconductor-metal configuration and it's charge transport behavior has also been studied. Notably, the zinc(II) metallohydrogel-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) device (Zn@PEH) demonstrates bipolar resistive switching behavior at room temperature. This RRAM device showcases remarkable switching endurance over 1000 consecutive cycles and a high ON/OFF ratio of approximately 270. Further, 2 × 2 crossbar array of the RRAM devices were designed to demonstrate OR and NOT logic circuit operations, which can be extended for performing higher order computing operations. These structures hold promise for applications in non-volatile memory design, neuromorphic and in-memory computing, flexible electronics, and optoelectronic devices due to their straightforward fabrication process, robust resistive switching behavior, and overall system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801103, India
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, 713303, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801103, India.
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2
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Ghosh D, Coulter SM, Laverty G, Holland C, Doutch JJ, Vassalli M, Adams DJ. Metal Cross-Linked Supramolecular Gel Noodles: Structural Insights and Antibacterial Assessment. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3169-3177. [PMID: 38684138 PMCID: PMC11094724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Achieving precise control over gelator alignment and morphology is crucial for crafting tailored materials and supramolecular structures with distinct properties. We successfully aligned the self-assembled micelles formed by a functionalized dipeptide 2NapFF into long 1-D "gel noodles" by cross-linking with divalent metal chlorides. We identify the most effective cross-linker for alignment, enhancing mechanical stability, and imparting functional properties. Our study shows that Group 2 metal ions are particularly suited for creating mechanically robust yet flexible gel noodles because of their ionic and nondirectional bonding with carboxylate groups. In contrast, the covalent nature and high directional bonds of d-block metal ions with carboxylates tend to disrupt the self-assembly of 2NapFF. Furthermore, the 2NapFF-Cu noodles demonstrated selective antibacterial activity, indicating that the potent antibacterial property of the copper(II) ion is preserved within the cross-linked system. By merging insights into molecular alignment, gel extrusion processing, and integrating specific functionalities, we illustrate how the versatility of dipeptide-based gels can be utilized in creating next-generation soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Sophie M. Coulter
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast,
Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Garry Laverty
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast,
Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Chris Holland
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield
University, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - James J. Doutch
- ISIS
Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Centre
for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
| | - Dave J. Adams
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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3
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Proietti G, Axelsson A, Capezza AJ, Todarwal Y, Kuzmin J, Linares M, Norman P, Szabó Z, Lendel C, Olsson RT, Dinér P. Ultralight aerogels via supramolecular polymerization of a new chiral perfluoropyridine-based sulfonimidamide organogelator. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7603-7611. [PMID: 38512219 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06460c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chiral and enantiopure perfluorinated sulfonimidamides act as low-molecular weight gelators at low critical gelation concentration (<1 mg mL-1) via supramolecular polymerization in nonpolar organic solvents and more heterogenic mixtures, such as biodiesel and oil. Freeze-drying of the organogel leads to ultralight aerogel with extremely low density (1 mg mL-1). The gelation is driven by hydrogen bonding resulting in a helical molecular ordering and unique fibre assemblies as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, CD spectroscopy, and computational modeling of the supramolecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Proietti
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anton Axelsson
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Antonio J Capezza
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yogesh Todarwal
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Julius Kuzmin
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mathieu Linares
- PDC Center for High Performance Computing, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christofer Lendel
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Richard T Olsson
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Dinér
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
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4
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Dhibar S, Mohan A, Karmakar K, Mondal B, Roy A, Babu S, Garg P, Ruidas P, Bhattacharjee S, Roy S, Bera A, Ray SJ, Predeep P, Saha B. Novel supramolecular luminescent metallogels containing Tb(iii) and Eu(iii) ions with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid gelator: advancing semiconductor applications in microelectronic devices. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12829-12840. [PMID: 38645531 PMCID: PMC11027726 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy was employed to create supramolecular metallogels incorporating Tb(iii) and Eu(iii) ions using benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (TA) as a gelator in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Rheological analysis demonstrated their mechanical robustness under varying stress levels and angular frequencies. FESEM imaging revealed a flake-like hierarchical network for Tb-TA and a rod-shaped architecture for Eu-TA. EDX analysis confirmed essential chemical constituents within the metallogels. FT-IR, PXRD, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis assessed their gelation process and material properties, showing semiconducting characteristics, validated by optical band-gap measurements. Metal-semiconductor junction-based devices integrating Al metal with Tb(iii)- and Eu(iii)-metallogels exhibited non-linear charge transport akin to a Schottky diode, indicating potential for advanced electronic device development. Direct utilization of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and Tb(iii)/Eu(iii) sources underscores their suitability as semiconducting materials for device fabrication. This study explores the versatile applications of Tb-TA and Eu-TA metallogels, offering insights for material science researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Aiswarya Mohan
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495009 Chhattisgarh India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | - Saranya Babu
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Parul Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu J&K 181221 India
| | - Pradip Ruidas
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713303 West Bengal India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713303 West Bengal India
| | - Sanjay Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Netaji Subhas Open University, Kalyani Regional Centre Kolkata 741251 India
| | - Ashok Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu J&K 181221 India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | - Padmanabhan Predeep
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
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5
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Jimenez JAM, Egan J, Randle RI, Rezig AO, Orimolade BO, Ginesi RE, Schweins R, Riehle MO, Draper ER. Tuning conductivity while maintaining mechanical properties in perylene bisimide hydrogels at physiological pH. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3027-3030. [PMID: 38385307 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
By using different salts as a method to achieve gelation of two different amino-acid-functionalised perylene bisimides, we were able to tune reduction potentials while maintaining the mechanical and optical properties of the system all at pH 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Mena Jimenez
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Jacquelyn Egan
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Rebecca I Randle
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Amina Omelbanine Rezig
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Rebecca E Ginesi
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Large Scale Structures Group, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathis O Riehle
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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6
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Guo S, Hu LY, Meng QY, Zhang YY, Zhang CC, Xing LJ, Yu H, Sun HL. Photocontrolled chiroptical switch based on the self-assembly of azobenzene-bridged bis-tryptophan enantiomers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:913-920. [PMID: 38091914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Chirality dynamic tuning plays fundamental roles in chemistry, material science and biological system. Herein, a pair of azobenzene-bridged bis-tryptophan enantiomers (Azo-di-d/l-Trp) were designed and synthesized via simple reactions. With the fuel of glucono-δ-lactone (GdL), releasing protons during its hydrolysis, the alkaline solution of Azo-di-d/l-Trp gradually self-assembled into contrast chiral helical structures and displayed magnitude and mirror image of circular dichroism (CD) signals. While the chiral helices converted to CD silent nanoparticles when the azobenzene moiety isomerized from trans- to cis-form under UV irradiation. More importantly, this chiroptical switch, displaying reversible interconversion between chiral amplification and silent, can be smartly controlled via photoirradiation at various wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Lin-Yi Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Qing-Yu Meng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Yu-Ying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Cai-Cai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China
| | - Li-Juan Xing
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China.
| | - Haitao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China.
| | - He-Lue Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, PR China.
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7
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Mondal T, Chatterjee A, Hansda B, Mondal B, Sen P, Banerjee A. Cationic and amphiphilic peptide-based hydrogels with dual activities as anticancer and antibacterial agents. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1236-1244. [PMID: 38230549 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01291c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of peptide-based functional biomaterials is on the rise. To fulfil this purpose, a series of amphiphilic peptides, such as H2N-X-Met-Phe-C12H25, where X = L-lysine (CP1), X = L-histidine (CP2), and X = L-leucine (CP3), have been designed, synthesised, purified and fully characterised. Herein, we reported peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels with antibacterial and anticancer activities. An attempt has been made to investigate the antibacterial properties of these peptide-based hydrogels against Gram-positive (S. aureus and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria. Investigations show that the L-lysine containing gelator, CP1, is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the L-histidine containing gelator, CP2, selectively inhibits the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, the L-leucine containing gelator, CP3, does not show any antibacterial properties. Moreover, the L-lysine containing gelator exhibits the best potency. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a probable way to damage the bacterial membrane. To explore the cytotoxic properties and to determine the efficacy of the synthesized compounds in inhibiting cell viability, a comprehensive investigation was performed using three distinct cell lines: MDA-MB-231 (human triple-negative breast cancer), MDA-MB-468 (human triple-negative breast cancer) and HEK 293 (human embryonic kidney). Remarkably, the results of our study revealed a substantial cytotoxic impact of these peptide gelators on the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines in comparison to the HEK 293 cells. Caspase 3/7 activity is the possible mechanistic path to determine the apoptotic rates of the cell lines. This finding emphasizes the promising potential of these peptide-based gelators in targeting and suppressing the growth of human triple negative breast cancer cells, while showing non-cytotoxicity towards non-cancerous HEK 293 cells. In a nutshell, these peptide-based materials are coming to light as next generation biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Mondal
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Akash Chatterjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Biswanath Hansda
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Biplab Mondal
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
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8
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Smith DK. Supramolecular gels - a panorama of low-molecular-weight gelators from ancient origins to next-generation technologies. SOFT MATTER 2023; 20:10-70. [PMID: 38073497 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01301d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular gels, self-assembled from low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs), have a long history and a bright future. This review provides an overview of these materials, from their use in lubrication and personal care in the ancient world, through to next-generation technologies. In academic terms, colloid scientists in the 19th and early 20th centuries first understood such gels as being physically assembled as a result of weak interactions, combining a solid-like network having a degree of crystalline order with a highly mobile liquid-like phase. During the 20th century, industrial scientists began using these materials in new applications in the polymer, oil and food industries. The advent of supramolecular chemistry in the late 20th century, with its focus on non-covalent interactions and controlled self-assembly, saw the horizons for these materials shifted significantly beyond their historic rheological applications, expanding their potential. The ability to tune the LMWG chemical structure, manipulate hierarchical assembly, develop multi-component systems, and introduce new types of responsive and interactive behaviour, has been transformative. Furthermore, the dynamics of these materials are increasingly understood, creating metastable gels and transiently-fueled systems. New approaches to shaping and patterning gels are providing a unique opportunity for more sophisticated uses. These supramolecular advances are increasingly underpinning and informing next-generation applications - from drug delivery and regenerative medicine to environmental remediation and sustainable energy. In summary, this article presents a panorama over the field of supramolecular gels, emphasising how both academic and industrial scientists are building on the past, and engaging new fundamental insights and innovative concepts to open up exciting horizons for their future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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9
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Sengupta A, Roy G, Likhar AR, Asthana D. A supramolecular assembly-based strategy towards the generation and amplification of photon up-conversion and circularly polarized luminescence. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18999-19015. [PMID: 37991436 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04184k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
For the molecular properties in which energy transfer/migration is determinantal, such as triplet-triplet annihilation-based photon up-conversion (TTAUC), the overall performance is largely affected by the intermolecular distance and relative molecular orientations. In such scenarios, tools that may steer the intermolecular interactions and provide control over molecular organisation in the bulk, become most valuable. Often these non-covalent interactions, found predominantly in supramolecular assemblies, enable pre-programming of the molecular network in the assembled structures. In other words, by employing supramolecular chemistry principles, an arrangement where molecular units are arranged in a desired fashion, very much like a Lego toy, could be achieved. This leads to enhanced energy transfer from one molecule to other. In recent past, chiral luminescent systems have attracted huge attention for producing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). In such systems, chirality is a necessary requirement. Chirality induction/transfer through supramolecular interactions has been known for a long time. It was realized recently that it may help in the generation and amplification of CPL signals as well. In this review article we have discussed the applicability of self-/co-assembly processes for achieving maximum TTA-UC and CPL in various molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India.
| | - Gargee Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India.
| | | | - Deepak Asthana
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India.
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10
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Kang HW, Lee JH, Seo ML, Jung SH. Platinum(II) terpyridine-based supramolecular polymer gels with induced chirality. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 38037753 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01342a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal-ligand binding plays a crucial role in regulating the photophysical properties of supramolecular gels. In this study, we designed 1-Pt complexes comprising a central benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide unit functionalized with three terpyridines, which can form supramolecular gels with Pt(II). The resulting supramolecular gel of 1-Pt exhibited strong orange emission, which was attributed to the metal-to-metal ligand charge transfer during gel formation. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent absorption spectrum changes of the supramolecular polymer 1-Pt exhibited a nonsigmoidal transition, following a cooperative pathway involving a nucleation-elongation mechanism. Additionally, the strategy for the co-assembling system involving 1-Pt with chiral molecules (D-form and L-form) induced the helical arrangement of 1-Ptvia chiral additives in supramolecular metallogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Wook Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Ha Lee
- Chemical Engineering Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Moo Lyong Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Ho Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Dhibar S, Pal B, Karmakar K, Roy S, Hafiz SA, Roy A, Bhattacharjee S, Ray SJ, Ray PP, Saha B. A 5-aminoisophthalic acid low molecular weight gelator based novel semiconducting supramolecular Zn(ii)-metallogel: unlocking an efficient Schottky barrier diode for microelectronics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6714-6723. [PMID: 38024309 PMCID: PMC10662173 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00671a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel method has been successfully developed for creating supramolecular metallogels using zinc(ii) ions and 5-aminoisophthalic acid as the gelator (low molecular weight gelator) in a dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent at room temperature. Comprehensive rheological investigations confirm the robust mechanical strength of the resulting zinc(ii)-metallogel. Microstructural analysis conducted through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) unveils a unique flake-like morphology, with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mapping confirming the prevalence of zinc as the primary constituent of the metallogel. To understand the formation mechanism of this metallogel, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed. Notably, these supramolecular zinc(ii)-metallogel assemblies exhibit electrical conductivity reminiscent of metal-semiconductor (MS) junction electronic components. Surprisingly, the metallogel-based thin film device showcases an impressive electrical conductivity of 1.34 × 10-5 S m-1. The semiconductor characteristics of the synthesized zinc(ii)-metallogel devices, including their Schottky barrier diode properties, have been extensively investigated. This multifaceted study opens up a promising avenue for designing functional materials tailored for electronic applications. It harnesses the synergistic properties of supramolecular metallogels and highlights their significant potential in the development of semiconductor devices. This work represents a novel approach to the creation of advanced materials with unique electronic properties, offering exciting prospects for future innovations in electronic and semiconductor technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India +91 3324572844
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Sanjay Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Kalyani Regional Centre, Netaji Subhas Open University West Bengal India
| | - Sk Abdul Hafiz
- Department of Chemistry, KaziNazrul University Asansol 713303 West Bengal India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | | | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | - Partha Pratim Ray
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India +91 3324572844
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
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12
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Chen TR, Chang KC, Chen CY, Wu TW, Lee LW, Shen LC, Chen HN, Chung WS. Calix[4]arene-based Supramolecular Gels for Mercury Ion Removal in Water. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300739. [PMID: 37800724 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
A calix[4]arene-based gelator 1, with lower-rim mono triazolylpyridine group, capable of spontaneous self-assembly into microspheres in different ethanol/H2 O mixtures, is synthesized. The concentration-dependent 1 H NMR spectra and X-ray single-crystal structure of 1 provided evidence for self-assembly of gelator 1 via cooperative interactions of intermolecular noncovalent forces. Furthermore, metallogels by self-assembly of 1 was found to exhibit remarkable selectivity toward Hg2+ ions. 1 H NMR spectra support that Hg2+ ion was bound to the nitrogen atoms of two coordination sites of 1, which composed of triazole and pyridine. Moreover, the results of field emission scanning electron microscopy and rheology experiments indicated that Hg2+ ions not only enhanced the gelling ability of gelator 1 in ethanol but also led to morphological change of its self-assembly through metal-ligand interactions. Finally, the in situ gelation, triggered by mixing a gelator solution of 1 in ethanol with water samples such as deionized (DI), tap, and lake water, leads to the effective removal of Hg(II) from a water sample which reduced from 400 to 1.6 ppm.
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Grants
- MOST-112-2113-M-019-002-MY2 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
- MOST-110-2113-M-A49-009 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
- MOST-110-2113-M-019-003-MY2 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
- MOST-109-2113-M-009-016 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
- MOST-108-2113-M-009-006 Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyng-Rong Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chi Chang
- Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yu Chen
- Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wen Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lee
- Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 202301, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Shen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ni Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Chung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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13
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Tangsombun C, Smith DK. Fabricating Shaped and Patterned Supramolecular Multigelator Objects via Diffusion-Adhesion Gel Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24061-24070. [PMID: 37885219 PMCID: PMC10636748 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of acid-diffusion to assemble core-shell supramolecular gel beads with different low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) in the core and shell. These gel beads grow a shell of dibenzylidenesorbitol-based DBS-COOH onto a core comprising DBS-CONHNH2 and agarose that has been loaded with acetic acid. Diffusion of the acid from the core triggers shell assembly. The presence of DBS-CONHNH2 enables the gel core to be loaded with metal nanoparticles (NPs) as acyl hydrazide reduces metal salts in situ. The pH-responsiveness of DBS-COOH allows responsive assembly of the shell with both temporal and spatial control. By fixing multiple gel beads in a Petri dish, the cores become linked to one another by the assembled DBS-COOH gel shell─a process we describe as diffusion-adhesion assembly. By controlling the geometry of the beads with respect to one another, it is possible to pattern the structures, and using a layer-by-layer approach, 3D objects can be fabricated. If some of the beads are loaded with basic DBS-carboxylate instead of CH3COOH, they act as a "sink" for diffusing protons, preventing DBS-COOH shell assembly in the close proximity. Those beads do not adhere to the remainder of the growing gel object and can be simply removed once diffusion-assembly is complete, acting as templates, and enabling the fabrication of 3D "imprinted" multigel architectures. Preloading the gel beads with AuNPs or AgNPs suspends these functional units within the cores at precisely defined locations within a wider gel object. In summary, this approach enables the dynamic fabrication of shaped and patterned gels with embedded metal NPs─such objects have potential next-generation applications in areas including soft nanoelectronics and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanan Tangsombun
- Department of Chemistry, University
of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - David K. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University
of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
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14
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Lan J, Li K, Yang L, Lin Q, Duan J, Zhang S, Wang X, Chen J. Hierarchical Nano-Electrocatalytic Reactor for High Performance Polysulfides Redox Flow Batteries. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20492-20501. [PMID: 37787504 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous polysulfides is an important Earth-abundant and multielectron redox couple to construct high capacity density and low-cost aqueous redox flow batteries (RFB) ; nevertheless, the sluggish conversion and kinetic behavior of S2-/Sx2- result in a low power density output and poor active material utilizations. Herein, we present nanoconfined self-assembled ordered hierarchical porous Co and N codoped carbon (OHP-Co/NC) as an electrocatalytic reactor to enhance the mass transfer and redox activity of aqueous polysulfides. Finite element method simulation proves that the OHP-Co/NC with interconnected macropores and mesopores exhibits an enhanced mass transfer and delivers a larger redox electrolyte utilization of 50.1% compared to 23.3% of conventional Co/NC. Notably, the OHP-Co/NC obtained at 850 °C delivers the smallest redox peak potential difference (ΔE = 99 mV). Comparison studies of in operando Raman for aqueous polysulfides in the redox electrolyte and in situ electrochemical Raman on the single OHP-Co/NC particle for the adsorbed polysulfides were carried out. And it confirms that the OHP-Co/NC-850 catalyst has a strong adsorption of S42- and can retard the strong disproportionation and hydrolysis behavior of polysulfides on the electrocatalyst interface. Therefore, the polysulfide/ferrocyanide RFB with an OHP-Co/NC-850 based membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) exhibited a high power density of 110 mW cm-2, as well as a steady capacity retention over 99.7% in 300 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinji Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Qingquan Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jinzhuo Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Material of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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15
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Bergmann AM, Bauermann J, Bartolucci G, Donau C, Stasi M, Holtmannspötter AL, Jülicher F, Weber CA, Boekhoven J. Liquid spherical shells are a non-equilibrium steady state of active droplets. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6552. [PMID: 37848445 PMCID: PMC10582082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation yields spherical droplets that eventually coarsen to one large, stable droplet governed by the principle of minimal free energy. In chemically fueled phase separation, the formation of phase-separating molecules is coupled to a fuel-driven, non-equilibrium reaction cycle. It thus yields dissipative structures sustained by a continuous fuel conversion. Such dissipative structures are ubiquitous in biology but are poorly understood as they are governed by non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Here, we bridge the gap between passive, close-to-equilibrium, and active, dissipative structures with chemically fueled phase separation. We observe that spherical, active droplets can undergo a morphological transition into a liquid, spherical shell. We demonstrate that the mechanism is related to gradients of short-lived droplet material. We characterize how far out of equilibrium the spherical shell state is and the chemical power necessary to sustain it. Our work suggests alternative avenues for assembling complex stable morphologies, which might already be exploited to form membraneless organelles by cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Bergmann
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Jonathan Bauermann
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giacomo Bartolucci
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Donau
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Michele Stasi
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Holtmannspötter
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Frank Jülicher
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph A Weber
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences, and Materials Engineering: Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Job Boekhoven
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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16
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Manna U, Dutta A, Baskey MK. Zn(II)-Coordination Complex(s) from Chiral Bisamides of L-Phenylalanine: Nanoscale-Based Biological Applications and Metallogelation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15777-15789. [PMID: 37695678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Three 3-pyridyl-containing small organic bisamide molecules attached with innocent L-phenylalanine (PHE) side chain as building blocks and positional isomeric toluoyl terminals (PME, MME, and OME) have rationally been designed and synthesized for developing a new series of ZnII-coordination complexes. One of the unique molecular frameworks, having two hydrogen bond-equipped monodentate metal-coordinating sites and biologically potent chiral PHE moiety, was combined with ZnII halide salts under various conditions to produce the coordination complexes (CC1-CC7), thoroughly characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) technique. Maintaining the similar component ratios of acquired CCs in 1:1 DMSO-water produced low-molecular weight metallogels (LMWGs) of PME/MME as envisaged from a rheology- and crystal engineering-based structural rationale. A structure-property correlation from the basis of PXRD of the bulk and xerogels and SXRD data of the isolated single crystals of reaction products clearly supports the crystal engineering-based design strategy based on which the metallogels are prepared. Hand-ground nanoscale ZnCl2-based coordination complex CC1 of PME was also studied for cytotoxicity (HEK-293 cell line) and anticancer activities (B16-F10 cell line) in the MTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsab Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Baskey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
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17
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Rizzo C, Cancemi P, Buttacavoli M, Di Cara G, D'Amico C, Billeci F, Marullo S, D'Anna F. Insights about the ability of folate based supramolecular gels to act as targeted therapeutic agents. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7721-7738. [PMID: 37466082 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01389h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to obtain targeted chemotherapeutic agents, imidazolium and ammonium-based folate salts were synthesized. Their photophysical behavior was investigated both in buffer and buffer/DMSO solution as well as in solid phase, performing UV-vis and fluorescence investigations. Properties of the aggregates were also analyzed by dynamic light scattering. Gelation ability of the salts was analyzed in biocompatible solvents, and gel phases obtained were characterized by determining critical gelation concentrations and gel-solution transition temperatures. Insights about gelator interactions in the tridimensional network were also gained performing ATR-FTIR investigation. Properties of soft materials were further analyzed performing rheology measurements, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence and resonance light scattering investigations. Antiproliferative activity of organic salts was tested towards two breast cancer cell lines, expressing different levels of folate receptor, namely MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, and a normal epithelial cell line, like h-TER T-RPE-1, by using MTT assay. Dichlodihydrofluorescein acetate test was performed to verify the role of oxidative stress in cell death. Finally, antiproliferative activity was also evaluated in gel phase, to verify if salts were able to retain biological activity also after the entrapment in the gelatinous network. Results collected evidence that folate based organic salts were able to behave as targeted chemotherapeutic agents both in solution and gel phase, showing uptake mechanism and selectivity indexes that depend on both cancer cell line nature and salt structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rizzo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Cancemi
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Buttacavoli
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Di Cara
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare D'Amico
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Floriana Billeci
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Marullo
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesca D'Anna
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento STEBICEF, Sezione di Chimica, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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18
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Vujičić NŠ, Sajko JS, Brkljačić L, Radošević P, Jerić I, Kurečić I. Self-Healing Oxalamide Organogelators of Vegetable Oil. Gels 2023; 9:699. [PMID: 37754380 PMCID: PMC10528235 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the gelling potential of chiral oxalamide derivatives in vegetable oils. Special emphasis was given to the potential applications of the examined oil gels as sustained delivery systems and as fat substitutes in food products. The applicability of oil gelators is envisaged in food, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry. The regulations requiring the elimination of saturated fats and rising concerns among consumers health motivated us to investigate small organic molecules capable of efficiently transforming from liquid oil to a gel state. The oxalamide organogelators showed remarkable gelation efficiency in vegetable oils, thermal and mechanical stability, self-healing properties, and a long period of stability. The physical properties of the gels were analysed by TEM microscopy, DSC calorimetry, and oscillatory rheology. The controlled release properties of acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, and hydrocortisone were analysed by the LC-MS method. The influence of the oil type (sunflower, soybean, and olive oil) on gelation efficiency of diverse oxalamide derivatives was examined by oscillatory rheology. The oxalamide gelators showed thermoreversible and thixotropic properties in vegetable oils with a minimum gelation concentration of just 0.025 wt%. The substitution of palm fats with gelled sunflower oil applied in cocoa and milk spreads at gelator concentrations lower than 0.2 wt% have shown promising viscoelastic properties compared to that of the original food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Šijaković Vujičić
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Josipa Suć Sajko
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.S.); (L.B.); (I.J.); (I.K.)
| | - Lidija Brkljačić
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.S.); (L.B.); (I.J.); (I.K.)
| | - Petra Radošević
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivanka Jerić
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.S.); (L.B.); (I.J.); (I.K.)
| | - Ivona Kurečić
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (J.S.S.); (L.B.); (I.J.); (I.K.)
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19
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Li J, Gong M, Wang X, Fan F, Zhang B. Triphenylamine-Based Helical Polymer for Flexible Memristors. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:391. [PMID: 37754142 PMCID: PMC10526500 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible nonvolatile memristors have potential applications in wearable devices. In this work, a helical polymer, poly (N, N-diphenylanline isocyanide) (PPIC), was synthesized as the active layer, and flexible electronic devices with an Al/PPIC/ITO architecture were prepared on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The device showed typical nonvolatile rewritable memristor characteristics. The high-molecular-weight helical structure stabilized the active layer under different bending degrees, bending times, and number of bending cycles. The memristor was further employed to simulate the information transmission capability of neural fibers, providing new perspectives for the development of flexible wearable memristors and biomimetic neural synapses. This demonstration highlights the promising possibilities for the advancement of artificial intelligence skin and intelligent flexible robots in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Minglei Gong
- Shanghai i-Reader Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Material, Engineering Research Center of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541200, China
| | - Fei Fan
- Shanghai i-Reader Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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20
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Ghanbari E, Chen Z, Padmanabhan P, Picken SJ, van Esch JH. Supramolecular Arrangement and Rheological Properties of Bisamide Gels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10913-10924. [PMID: 37492983 PMCID: PMC10413945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a systematic study of the gelation behavior of nBA gelators in xylene, with odd and even n-methylene spacers between the amide groups (n = 5-10) and 17 carbons at each end. The melting temperatures (Tm0) of nBA gels are obtained from fitting our DSCN(T) model to the experimental DSC data. The found Tm0 of nBA gels is about 35 °C lower than Tm0 of the pure nBA gelators. This is reasonably well explained by a simple model combining theories of Flory-Huggins and Gibbs free energy of melting (FHM model). We attribute this depression to an increase in entropy upon melting of the gel due to mixing with the solvent. The odd-even alternation in Tm0 of nBA gels, which was also found for the nBA gelators, indicates that the solid structures inside the gels are somewhat similar. This was studied using XRD: similar 00l reflections were found in the XRD patterns of all nBA gels and their nBA gelators. For even nBA gels, the same reflections in the 19-25° (2θ) region confirm that the sheetlike supramolecular structure of the gels is analogous to the lamellar structure of the solid gelators. For odd nBA gels, a slight difference in the reflections around 20-25° (2θ) implies a somewhat different side-by-side packing of odd nBA gels compared to the solid state. This variation is found for all the odd gels, and indeed, they show distinctly different morphologies compared to the even nBA gels. The possible effect of this on the rheological properties is discussed using some inspiration from the Halpin-Tsai model for composites where nBA gels are considered to be analogous to composite materials. The change of the storage modulus (G') with the shape factor of woven fibers and sheets in nBA gels (20 wt %) indicates that a rheological odd-even effect might indeed be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Ghanbari
- Advanced Soft Matter (ASM)
Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Science
(TNW), Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Zian Chen
- Advanced Soft Matter (ASM)
Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Science
(TNW), Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Pooja Padmanabhan
- Advanced Soft Matter (ASM)
Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Science
(TNW), Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J. Picken
- Advanced Soft Matter (ASM)
Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Science
(TNW), Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. van Esch
- Advanced Soft Matter (ASM)
Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Applied Science
(TNW), Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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21
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Fan H, Nurtay L, Daniyeva N, Benassi E. Fluorescent nano-sized aggregates of halogen bonded complexes formed using perfluoropropyl iodides: a systematic comparison between two isomeric halogen bond acceptors, aniline and 4-methyl pyridine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37326502 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01225e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The halogen bonds (XB) formed by the two isomers 4-methyl pyridine (MePy) and aniline (ANL) with heptafluoro-1-propyl iodide (n-C3F7I) and heptafluoro-2-propyl iodide (iso-C3F7I) were investigated using vibrational (FT-IR and Raman) spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations. While these two isomers indicated a distinctive impact on the ring related vibrations, molecular electrostatic potential, frontier molecular orbitals, intermolecular electron density delocalisation and consequential charge transfer upon halogen bonding with n-C3F7I and iso-C3F7I, the dramatic intermolecular charge transfer (CT) occurring on the MePy involved XB systems demonstrated an ion-pair like aggregation. Such aggregation, after 72 h and longer after mixing, leads to an emission of fluorescence for both [MePy·C3F7I] systems. The resulting nano-sized aggregates were characterised using UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy along with scanning and transmittance electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), wherein, the XB complex with iso-C3F7I showed a faster and more severe aggregation due to a stronger CT than that with n-C3F7I. The present work is the first case of aggregation induced emission (AIE) due to aggregation of XB complexes formed by small neutral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Fan
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Lazzat Nurtay
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Nurgul Daniyeva
- Core Facility, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Enrico Benassi
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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22
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Xie R, Hu Y, Lee SL. A Paradigm Shift from 2D to 3D: Surface Supramolecular Assemblies and Their Electronic Properties Explored by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300413. [PMID: 36922729 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploring supramolecular architectures at surfaces plays an increasingly important role in contemporary science, especially for molecular electronics. A paradigm of research interest in this context is shifting from 2D to 3D that is expanding from monolayer, bilayers, to multilayers. Taking advantage of its high-resolution insight into monolayers and a few layers, scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) turns out a powerful tool for analyzing such thin films on a solid surface. This review summarizes the representative efforts of STM/STS studies of layered supramolecular assemblies and their unique electronic properties, especially at the liquid-solid interface. The superiority of the 3D molecular networks at surfaces is elucidated and an outlook on the challenges that still lie ahead is provided. This review not only highlights the profound progress in 3D supramolecular assemblies but also provides researchers with unusual concepts to design surface supramolecular structures with increasing complexity and desired functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Xie
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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23
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Lepcha G, Majumdar S, Pal B, Ahmed KT, Pal I, Satpati B, Biswas SR, Ray PP, Dey B. Suberic Acid-Based Supramolecular Metallogels of Ni(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) for Anti-Pathogenic Activity and Semiconducting Diode Fabrication. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:7469-7483. [PMID: 37192598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The importance of three synthesized metallogels of suberic acid distinctly with nickel, zinc, and cadmium acetate salts has been uncovered. For the creation of these soft materials, N,N'-dimethyl formamide was utilized as a source of the trapped solvent. The synthesized metallogels display intriguing viscoelasticity, and the interpretation of experimental parameters obtained from rheological results advocates the gel behavior. Microstructural analysis combined with energy-dispersive X-ray confirms the occurrence of individual gel-developing constituents as observed in different hierarchical microstructural patterns. Significant variations in microstructural arrangements with diverse extent of supramolecular non-covalent patterns inside gel networks were perceived through field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization-mass spectral analyses and powder X-ray diffraction analysis of metallogel samples of different gel-establishing ingredients help to investigate the possible supramolecular interactions dictating the metallogel scaffolds. Thermogravimetric analysis of xerogel samples was collected from the synthesized metallogels to understand the thermal stability. These gel materials were characterized by their potential antibacterial efficiency. The potency of metallogels against selective Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was visualized via a spectrophotometer. Human pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 109), Salmonella typhi (MTCC 733), Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus (MTCC 1272), Lactobacillus fermentum (NCDO 955), and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96) are employed in this study. Apart from the biological significance, our metallogels demonstrate as incredible diode performance of fabricated semiconducting systems, which exhibit a considerable amount of non-linearity demonstrating a non-ohmic conduction mechanism at room temperature in dark conditions. Device fabrication was achieved from these metallogels employing the sandwich model with indium tin oxide-coated glass substrates/metallogel/Al structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Lepcha
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kazi Tawsif Ahmed
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Indrajit Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Biswarup Satpati
- Surface Physics and Material Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700 064, India
| | | | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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24
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Muratspahić E, Schöffmann J, Jiang Q, Bismarck A. Poly(acrylamide- co-styrene): A Macrosurfactant for Oil/Water Emulsion Templating toward Robust Macroporous Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emina Muratspahić
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral College Advanced Functional Materials, University of Vienna, Strudlhofgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Schöffmann
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Qixiang Jiang
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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25
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Angulo-Pachón CA, Pozo V, Miravet JF. Alkaline cations dramatically control molecular hydrogelation by an amino acid-derived anionic amphiphile. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:524-534. [PMID: 36603535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the factors that control the formation of (supra)molecular hydrogels permits a rational tuning of their properties and represents a primary challenge for developing smart biocompatible soft materials. Hydrogel formation by molecular amphiphilic anions at millimolar concentrations is counterintuitive, considering the solubility of these species in water. Here we report hydrogel formation by a simple anionic molecular amphiphile and a rationale for the fibrillisation process observed. The studied molecule, DodValSuc, consists of a 12C alkyl chain, an l-valine unit and a terminal succinic acid moiety. Hydrogelation depends to a large degree on the nature and concentration of the alkaline cations present in the medium (Li+, Na+ or K+). As a result, gelation efficiency and properties like thermal stability or rheology are highly tunable using the alkaline cation present or its concentration as variables. A detailed study is reported, which includes the determination of minimum gelation concentration (MGC) by tabletop rheology, critical micelle concentration (CMC) using pyrene as a fluorescent probe, thermal stability (solubility) by 1H NMR, the morphology of the fibres by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), crystallinity by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and gel strength by oscillatory rheology. Additionally, dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to evaluate the size of the micelles and permitted monitoring of the fibrillisation process. Altogether, the results are consistent with the formation of micelles that experience head crystallisation and subsequent aggregation into crystalline fibres. The alkaline cations play a crucial role in providing the cement that glues together the gelator molecules, making their concentration a critical parameter for gelation efficiency and properties. Furthermore, the gelation-promoting effects are inversely correlated with the size of the cations so that the highest thermal stability and rheological strength were found for the hydrogels formed in the presence of Li+.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Angulo-Pachón
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Victor Pozo
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Juan F Miravet
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
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26
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Yilmazer S, Schwaller D, Mésini PJ. Beyond Sol-Gel: Molecular Gels with Different Transitions. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040273. [PMID: 37102885 PMCID: PMC10137434 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of sol–gel transitions is one of the most manifest properties of molecular gels. These transitions reflect their nature since they correspond to the association or dissociation of low weight molecules through non-covalent interactions to form the network constitutive of the gel. Most described molecular gels undergo only one gel-to-sol transition upon heating, and the reverse sol-to-gel transition upon cooling. It has been long observed that different conditions of formation could lead to gels with different morphologies, and that gels can undergo a transition from gel to crystals. However, more recent publications report molecular gels which exhibit additional transitions, for instance gel-to-gel transitions. This review surveys the molecular gels for which, in addition to sol–gel transitions, transitions of different nature have been reported: gel-to-gel transitions, gel-to-crystal transition, liquid–liquid phase separations, eutectic transformations, and synereses.
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27
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Chen X, Stasi M, Rodon-Fores J, Großmann PF, Bergmann AM, Dai K, Tena-Solsona M, Rieger B, Boekhoven J. A Carbodiimide-Fueled Reaction Cycle That Forms Transient 5(4 H)-Oxazolones. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6880-6887. [PMID: 36931284 PMCID: PMC10064336 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
In life, molecular architectures, like the cytoskeletal proteins or the nucleolus, catalyze the conversion of chemical fuels to perform their functions. For example, tubulin catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to form a dynamic cytoskeletal network. In contrast, myosin uses the energy obtained by catalyzing the hydrolysis of ATP to exert forces. Artificial examples of such beautiful architectures are scarce partly because synthetic chemically fueled reaction cycles are relatively rare. Here, we introduce a new chemical reaction cycle driven by the hydration of a carbodiimide. Unlike other carbodiimide-fueled reaction cycles, the proposed cycle forms a transient 5(4H)-oxazolone. The reaction cycle is efficient in forming the transient product and is robust to operate under a wide range of fuel inputs, pH, and temperatures. The versatility of the precursors is vast, and we demonstrate several molecular designs that yield chemically fueled droplets, fibers, and crystals. We anticipate that the reaction cycle can offer a range of other assemblies and, due to its versatility, can also be incorporated into molecular motors and machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Michele Stasi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Jennifer Rodon-Fores
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Paula F Großmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander M Bergmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marta Tena-Solsona
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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28
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Sun Y, Jiang Y, Jiang J, Li T, Liu M. Keto-form directed hierarchical chiral self-assembly of Schiff base derivatives with amplified circularly polarized luminescence. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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29
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Slavík P, Trowse BR, O'Brien P, Smith DK. Organogel delivery vehicles for the stabilization of organolithium reagents. Nat Chem 2023; 15:319-325. [PMID: 36797326 PMCID: PMC9986108 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Organolithium reagents are a vital tool in modern organic chemistry, enabling the synthesis of carbon-carbon bonds. However, due to their high reactivity, low temperatures, inert atmospheres and strictly dried solvents are usually necessary for their use. Here we report an encapsulating method for the stabilization of sensitive organolithium reagents-PhLi, n-BuLi and s-BuLi-in a low-cost hexatriacontane (C36H74) organogel. The use of this technology is showcased in nucleophilic addition reactions under ambient conditions, low-temperature bromine-lithium exchange, ortho-lithiation and C-H functionalization. The gel substantially enhances organolithium stability, allows simple storage, handling and delivery, and enables reproducible reagent portioning. The use of gels as easily divided delivery vehicles for hazardous organometallics has the potential to transform this area of synthetic chemistry, making these powerful reactions safer and more accessible to non-specialist researchers, and enabling the more widespread use of these common synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Slavík
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Peter O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK.
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK.
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30
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Bera S, Basu S, Jana B, Dastidar P. Real-time Observation of Macroscopic Helical Morphologies under Optical Microscope: A Curious Case of π-π Stacking Driven Molecular Self-assembly of an Organic Gelator Devoid of Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216447. [PMID: 36479962 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular assemblies such as tubules/helix/double helix/helical tape etc. are usually submicron objects preventing direct observation under optical microscope. Chiral-pure form of these assemblies is important for potential applications. Herein, we report a rare phenomenon wherein a DMSO gel of a simple terpyridine derivative [(4-CNPhe)4PyTerp] produced macroscopic helical morphologies (μm length scale) which could be observed under optical microscope, formation of which could be monitored by optical videography, stable enough to withstand acidic vapour, robust enough to display reversible gel↔sol in response to acidic and ammonia vapour and sturdy enough to be maneuvered with a needle. These properties appeared to be unique to the title compound as the other related derivatives failed to display such assembly structures. SXRD and MD simulation studies suggested that weak interactions (π-π stacking) played a crucial role in the self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushmita Basu
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Biman Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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31
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Hashmi S, Ahmed R, Rehman AU, García-Peñas A, Zahoor A, Khan F, Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani M, Alshahrani T, Stadler FJ. Study of the synergistic influence of zwitterionic interactions and graphene oxide on water diffusion mechanism and mechanical properties in hybrid hydrogel network. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137710. [PMID: 36592834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid hydrogels based on n-isopropylacrylamide, zwitterionic comonomer, and graphene oxide were synthesized to study their physical and mechanical properties. The compositional variation largely influenced the swelling characteristics of the hybrid hydrogels compared to mechanical properties, i.e., elongation and compression. Additionally, Rheometric swelling measurements on the swollen hydrogels were performed until they reached equilibrium showed a very low phase angle δ indicating strong covalent network, which intrun increases with increasing content of zwitterions and GO. Swelling kinetics were studied and found to follow Fickian dynamics, albeit zwitterion-containing gels showed a peculiar 2-step swelling pattern. Interestingly, differences in the swelling mechanism are also clear for the hydrogels with 2D GO (Graphene oxide) nano-fillers from its 1D nano-filler CNTs (Carbon nanotubes). In elongation, the samples break in a brittle fashion at Hencky strains εmax around 0.4-0.65 with the maximum stress being observed for samples with high Zw-content and 0.2% GO, which can be explained by the stress-rising properties of sharp edges of GO. In contrast, the data in compression profits from higher GO-contents as crack growth is less important in this deformation mode. This work will contribute to future composite gel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Hashmi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Department of Polymer & Petrochemical Engineering NED University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan
| | - Rafiq Ahmed
- Department of Polymer & Petrochemical Engineering NED University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alberto García-Peñas
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Awan Zahoor
- Department of Polymer & Petrochemical Engineering NED University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan
| | - Firoz Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Thamraa Alshahrani
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Florian J Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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Stimuli-Responsive Properties of Supramolecular Gels Based on Pyridyl- N-oxide Amides. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020089. [PMID: 36826259 PMCID: PMC9956205 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of functional groups and their relative position and orientation play an important role in tuning the gelation properties of stimuli-responsive supramolecular gels. In this work, we synthesized and characterized mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)nicotinamide (L1-L3). The gelation properties of these N-oxide compounds were compared with the reported isomeric counterpart mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide. Hydrogels obtained with L1 and L3 were thermally and mechanically more stable than the corresponding isomeric counterparts. The surface morphology of the xerogels of di-N-oxides (L3 and diNO) obtained from the water was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the relative position of N-oxide moieties did not have a prominent effect on the gel morphology. The solid-state structural analysis was performed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction to understand the key mechanism in gel formation. The versatile nature of N-oxide moieties makes these gels highly responsive toward an external stimulus, and the stimuli-responsive behavior of the gels in water and aqueous mixtures was studied in the presence of various salts. We studied the effect of various salts on the gelation behavior of the hydrogels, and the results indicated that the salts could induce gelation in L1 and L3 below the minimum gelator concentration of the gelators. The mechanical properties were evaluated by rheological experiments, indicating that the modified compounds displayed enhanced gel strength in most cases. Interestingly, cadmium chloride formed supergelator at a very low concentration (0.7 wt% of L3), and robust hydrogels were obtained at higher concentrations of L3. These results show that the relative position of N-oxide moieties is crucial for the effective interaction of the gelator with salts/ions resulting in LMWGs with tunable properties.
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33
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Karmakar K, Dey A, Dhibar S, Sahu R, Bhattacharjee S, Karmakar P, Chatterjee P, Mondal A, Saha B. A novel supramolecular Zn(ii)-metallogel: an efficient microelectronic semiconducting device application. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2561-2569. [PMID: 36741164 PMCID: PMC9844075 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique strategy for the synthesis of a supramolecular metallogel employing zinc ions and adipic acid in DMF medium has been established at room temperature. Rheological analysis was used to investigate the mechanical characteristics of the supramolecular Zn(ii)-metallogel. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyse the hexagonal shape morphological features of the Zn(ii)-metallogel. Interestingly, the electrical conductivity is observed in the electronic device with Zn(ii)-metallogel based metal-semiconductor (MS) junctions. All aspects of the metallogel's electrical properties were investigated. The electrical conductivity of the metallogel-based thin film device was 7.38 × 10-5 S m-1. The synthesised Zn(ii)-metallogel based device was investigated for its semi-conductive properties, such as its Schottky barrier diode nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan-713104West BengalIndia+91 7001575909+91 9476341691
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology DurgapurDurgapur-713209West BengalIndia
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan-713104West BengalIndia+91 7001575909+91 9476341691
| | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Plank-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHMax-Plank-Str. 140237 DüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Priya Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan-713104West BengalIndia+91 7001575909+91 9476341691
| | - Priyajit Chatterjee
- University Science Instrumentation Centre, The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan-713104West BengalIndia
| | - Aniruddha Mondal
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology DurgapurDurgapur-713209West BengalIndia
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of BurdwanGolapbagBurdwan-713104West BengalIndia+91 7001575909+91 9476341691
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34
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Poirier A, Le Griel P, Perez J, Baccile N. Cation-Induced Fibrillation of Microbial Glycolipid Biosurfactant Probed by Ion-Resolved In Situ SAXS. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10528-10542. [PMID: 36475558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological amphiphiles are molecules with a rich phase behavior. Micellar, vesicular, and even fibrillar phases can be found for the same molecule by applying a change in pH or by selecting the appropriate metal ion. The rich phase behavior paves the way toward a broad class of soft materials, from carriers to hydrogels. The present work contributes to understanding the fibrillation of a microbial glycolipid, glucolipid G-C18:1, produced by Starmerella bombicola ΔugtB1 and characterized by a micellar phase at alkaline pH and a vesicular phase at acidic pH. Fibrillation and prompt hydrogelation is triggered by adding either alkaline earth, Ca2+, or transition metal, Ag+, Fe2+, Al3+, ions to a G-C18:1 micellar solution. A specifically designed apparatus coupled to a synchrotron SAXS beamline allows the performing of simultaneous cation- and pH-resolved in situ monitoring of the morphological evolution from spheroidal micelles to crystalline fibers, when Ca2+ is employed, or to wormlike aggregates, when Fe2+ or Al3+ solutions are employed. The fast reactivity of Ag+ and the crystallinity of Ca2+-induced fibers suggest that fibrillation is driven by direct metal-ligand interactions, while the shape transition from spheroidal to elongated micelles with Fe2+ or Al3+ rather suggest charge screening between the lipid and the hydroxylated cation species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Poirier
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR CNRS 7574, 4 place Jussieu, ParisF-75005, France
| | - Patrick Le Griel
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR CNRS 7574, 4 place Jussieu, ParisF-75005, France
| | - Javier Perez
- SWING Beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Niki Baccile
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR CNRS 7574, 4 place Jussieu, ParisF-75005, France
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Bioderived, chiral and stable 1-dimensional light-responsive nanostructures: Interconversion between tubules and twisted ribbons. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:723-734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Raza R, Baildya N, Ghosh K. Nanoarchitectonics with Positionally Isomeric Coumarin Carbamates: Structure‐Gelation Study, F‐ Recognition, Dye Removal and Excellent Oil‐Spill Recovery. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200270. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rameez Raza
- University of Kalyani Chemistry Kalyani 741235 Kalyani INDIA
| | | | - Kumaresh Ghosh
- University of Kalyani Chemistry Kalyani 741235 Kalyani INDIA
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37
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Exploring dendrimer-based drug delivery systems and their potential applications in cancer immunotherapy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Feng Y, Liu ZX, Chen H, Fan QH. Functional supramolecular gels based on poly(benzyl ether) dendrons and dendrimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8736-8753. [PMID: 35861166 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular gels, as a fascinating and useful class of soft materials, constructed from low-molecular-weight gelators via noncovalent interactions have attracted increasing attention in the past few decades. Dendrimers and dendrons are highly branched and monodisperse macromolecules with a well-defined three-dimensional architecture and multiple surface functionalities. In recent years, poly(benzyl ether) dendrimers and dendrons are found to be powerful candidates for constructing gel phase materials in organic or aqueous media due to the advantages of capability of forming multiple noncovalent interactions and significant steric impact. In this Feature Article, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in supramolecular gels involving poly(benzyl ether) dendritic molecules. Firstly, we outline the molecular design strategies of dendritic gelators with an emphasis on the discussion of their gelating units and position in molecular structures. Subsequently, we discuss the potential applications of dendritic gels in light harvesting, stimuli responsive materials, sensors and environmental remediation. In addition, the potential challenges and future perspectives of poly(benzyl ether) dendritic gels have also been discussed. It is hoped that this feature article will attract increasing attention and provide some valuable insights for the future design and evolution of supramolecular gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Xiong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China.
| | - Qing-Hua Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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Ohsedo Y. Stearoylamido-D-Glucamine Hydrogelators for Thixotropic Molecular Gels with Tunable Softness by Chemical Modification. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200461. [PMID: 35703338 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight hydrogelators containing stearoyl, glycine, and D-glucamine moieties with or without methyl groups were synthesized to prepare chemically tuned molecular hydrogels. To evaluate the role of hydrogen bonding of hydrogelators in molecular hydrogel formation, the author has newly synthesized hydrogelators with or without methyl groups at their N-H in amide groups, contributing to the hydrogen bond formation in fiber in molecular hydrogels. The obtained hydrogels exhibited improved thixotropic performance with tunable softness, exhibiting pseudo-reversible thixotropic cycles that depended on the methyl substitution positions in the hydrogelators. To change the hydrogen bonds' positions by chemical modification has made it possible to tune the mechanical properties of molecular gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ohsedo
- Division of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyahigashi-machi, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
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40
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Kimura S, Mori S, Yokoya M, Yamanaka M. Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Gel Formed from Modified Adenosine. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:443-447. [PMID: 35650041 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Urea derivatives 1 and 2, synthesized from adenosine, were designed as low-molecular-weight gelators. Hydrophobic groups have been introduced into all or part of the hydroxy groups of the hydrophilic ribose moiety of 1 and 2 to control the solvophilicity of the molecules and their aggregates. Compound 2 selectively formed supramolecular gels in halogenated solvents such as chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane. The supramolecular gel of 2 and chloroform was thermally stable and its gel-to-sol phase transition temperature was higher than the boiling point of chloroform. The physical properties of the supramolecular gel were investigated by determining its viscoelastic properties using a rheometer. The supramolecular gel realized multiple stimuli-responsive reversible gel-sol phase transitions. The supramolecular gel showed reversible phase transition by repeated warming-cooling cycles accompanying with the gel-sol transitions. The supramolecular gel could undergo five repeated mechano-responsive gel-sol transitions. Gel-to-sol phase transition could also be achieved by adding various anions to the supramolecular gel, such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride. Regelation was realized by adding boron trifluoride etherate to the fluoride ion containing sol. Addition of methanol to the supramolecular gel also induced gel-to-sol phase transition. Regelation was realized by adding molecular sieves 4 Å to the suspension.
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Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Raza R, Ghosh K. Progress of 3-aminopyridine-based amide, urea, imine and azo derivatives in supramolecular gelation. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Piras CC, Mahon CS, Genever PG, Smith DK. Shaping and Patterning Supramolecular Materials─Stem Cell-Compatible Dual-Network Hybrid Gels Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1829-1840. [PMID: 35364810 PMCID: PMC9092345 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrogels
with spatio-temporally
controlled properties are appealing
materials for biological and pharmaceutical applications. We make
use of mild acidification protocols to fabricate hybrid gels using
calcium alginate in the presence of a preformed thermally triggered
gel based on a low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) 1,3:2:4-di(4-acylhydrazide)-benzylidene
sorbitol (DBS-CONHNH2). Nonwater-soluble calcium carbonate
slowly releases calcium ions over time when exposed to an acidic pH,
triggering the assembly of the calcium alginate gel network. We combined
the gelators in different ways: (i) the LMWG was used as a template
to spatially control slow calcium alginate gelation within preformed
gel beads, using glucono-δ-lactone (GdL) to lower the pH; (ii)
the LMWG was used as a template to spatially control slow calcium
alginate gelation within preformed gel trays, using diphenyliodonium
nitrate (DPIN) as a photoacid to lower the pH, and spatial resolution
was achieved by masking. The dual-network hybrid gels display highly
tunable properties, and the beads are compatible with stem cell growth.
Furthermore, they preserve the LMWG function of inducing in situ silver
nanoparticle (AgNP) formation, which provides the gels with antibacterial
activity. These gels have potential for eventual regenerative medicine
applications in (e.g.) bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare S Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Self-Assembly of Alkylamido Isophthalic Acids toward the Design of a Supergelator: Phase-Selective Gelation and Dye Adsorption. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050285. [PMID: 35621583 PMCID: PMC9140382 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of 5-alkylamido isophthalic acid (ISA) derivatives with varying single and twin alkyl chain lengths were designed and synthesized as potential supramolecular organogelators. 5-alkylamido ISAs with linear or branched alkyl tail-groups of different lengths were effective gelators for low polarity solvents. In particular, among the presented series, a derivative with a branched, 24 carbon atom tail-group behaves as a “supergelator” with up to twenty organic solvents forming gels that are highly stable over time. The gelation behavior was analyzed using Hansen solubility parameters, and the thermal stability and viscoelastic properties of select gels were characterized. Microscopy, spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and computer modeling studies were consistent with a hierarchical self-assembly process involving the formation of cyclic H-bonded hexamers via the ISA carboxylic acid groups, which stack into elementary fibers stabilized by H-bonding of the amide linker groups and π–π stacking of the aromatic groups. These new nanomaterials exhibited potential for the phase-selective gelation of oil from oil–water mixtures and dye uptake from contaminated water. The work expands upon the design and synthesis of supramolecular self-assembled nanomaterials and their application in water purification/remediation.
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Sun H, Jiang J, Zhang L, Yuan C, Jiang Y, Liu P. Rheological and atomization behavior of glycyrrhizic acid based supramolecular gel propellant simulant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Wang YC, Kegel LL, Knoff DS, Deodhar BS, Astashkin AV, Kim M, Pemberton JE. Layered supramolecular hydrogels from thioglycosides. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3861-3875. [PMID: 35470365 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight hydrogels are made of small molecules that aggregate via noncovalent interactions. Here, comprehensive characterization of the physical and chemical properties of hydrogels made from thioglycolipids of the disaccharides lactose and cellobiose with simple alkyl chains is reported. While thiolactoside hydrogels are robust, thiocellobioside gels are metastable, precipitating over time into fibrous crystals that can be entangled to create pseudo-hydrogels. Rheology confirms the viscoelastic solid nature of these hydrogels with storage moduli ranging from 10-600 kPa. Additionally, thiolactoside hydrogels are thixotropic which is a desirable property for many potential applications. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy of xerogels shows layers of stacked sheets that are entangled into networks. These structures are unique compared to the fibers or ribbons typically reported for hydrogels. Differential scanning calorimetry provides gel-to-liquid phase transition temperatures ranging from 30 to 80 °C. Prodan fluorescence spectroscopy allows assignment of phase transitions in the gels and other lyotropic phases of high concentration samples. Phase diagrams are estimated for all hydrogels at 1-10 wt% from 5 to ≥ 80 °C. These hydrogels represent a series of interesting materials with unique properties that make them attractive for numerous potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Laurel L Kegel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - David S Knoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, 1127 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Bhushan S Deodhar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Andrei V Astashkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, 1127 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Arizona, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Jeanne E Pemberton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 E University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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Reddy KL, Mathew JP, Maniappan S, Tom C, Shiby E, Pujala RK, Kumar J. Mandelic acid appended chiral gels as efficient templates for multicolour circularly polarized luminescence. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:4946-4956. [PMID: 35166292 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mandelic acid is a medicinally important chiral molecule that is widely used as a vital component in antibiotics, antiseptics and cosmetics. While the medicinal properties of mandelic acid are well known, its aggregation and gelation characteristics, which are crucial to finding applications as cosmetics and ointments, are least explored. We have designed and synthesized a pair of mandelic acid derivatives and investigated their aggregation properties in binary solvent mixtures. The compounds undergo self-assembly through various noncovalent interactions, leading to the formation of robust chiral gels. Strong birefringence could be visualised from the individual structures constituting the gel. The large rod-like chiral structures are utilized as efficient templates for the assembly of ultra-small luminescent achiral carbon nanodots. The transfer of optical activity from the chiral host matrix to the fluorescent guest nanoparticles resulted in the generation of circularly polarized luminescence signals from the hybrid nanocomposites. The use of blue, green and red-emitting nanodots led to the fabrication of multicolour chiral light-emitting materials capable of covering the entire visible range. Considering the numerous medicinal benefits offered by mandelic acid and carbon nanodots, the materials constituting the nanocomposites, the distinct dimensions presented in the current work open new avenues for chiral light emitting materials to be used in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumbam Lingeshwar Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India.
| | - Jikson Pulparayil Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India.
| | - Sonia Maniappan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India.
| | - Catherine Tom
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India
| | - Elizabeth Shiby
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar Pujala
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India
| | - Jatish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517507, India.
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47
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McDowall D, Adams DJ, Seddon AM. Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1577-1590. [PMID: 35147629 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The material properties of a gel are determined by the underpinning network that immobilises the solvent. When gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into a so-called low molecular weight gel, the network is the result of the molecules forming one-dimensional objects such as fibres or nanotubes which entangle or otherwise cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. Characterising the one-dimensional objects and the network is difficult. Many conventional techniques rely on drying to probe the network, which often leads to artefacts. An effective tool to probe the gel in the solvated state is small angle scattering. Both small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used. Here, we discuss these approaches and provide a tutorial review to describe how these approaches work, what opportunities there are and how the data treatment should be approached. We aim to show the power of this approach and provide enabling information to make them accessible to the non-specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel McDowall
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
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48
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Majumdar S, Ray PP, Sahu R, Dey A, Dey B. Strategic fabrication of efficient photo-responsive semiconductor electronic diode-devices by Bovine Serum Albumin protein-based Cu(II)-metallohydrogel scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:287-293. [PMID: 34896152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bovine Serum Albumin protein-based two fascinating functional self-healing Cu(II) metallohydrogel scaffolds (MD1 and MD2) have been studied for the development of metal-semiconductor junction based Schottky diode device. Multiple metal-semiconductor (MS) junction devices, offering the sandwich-like configuration of Indium tin oxide (ITO)/ metallogel/Aluminium (Al), have been made-up to investigate the electrical properties of the synthesized metallohydrogel materials. Optical characterizations including optical band gap measurement have been carried out using Tauc's equation for both the metallohydrogels. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of just made-up devices are studied under irradiation and non- irradiation conditions to explore the electrical features through investigating the charge transport phenomenon. The electrical conductivity gets estimated as 3.13 × 10-5 S.m-1 and 2.69 × 10-5 S.m-1 for MD1 and MD2 under dark condition, and 11.06 × 10-5 S.m-1 and 5.99 × 10-5 S.m-1 for MD1 and MD2, respectively, in photo-irradiation. The measured optical and electrical properties of MD1 and MD2 metallohydrogels are thoroughly investigated and the data indicates that MD1 and MD2 metallohyrogels are semiconducting in nature with excellent photo-responsive behaviour. Moreover, the representative I - V characteristic of the MD1 and MD2 metallohydrogels at both irradiation and non-irradiation conditions represents the nonlinear rectifying behaviour, a typical signature for Schottky diode (SD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | | | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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49
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El-Husseiny HM, Mady EA, Hamabe L, Abugomaa A, Shimada K, Yoshida T, Tanaka T, Yokoi A, Elbadawy M, Tanaka R. Smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels: Cutting-edge platforms for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100186. [PMID: 34917924 PMCID: PMC8669385 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, biomedicine and tissue regeneration have emerged as great advances that impacted the spectrum of healthcare. This left the door open for further improvement of their applications to revitalize the impaired tissues. Hence, restoring their functions. The implementation of therapeutic protocols that merge biomimetic scaffolds, bioactive molecules, and cells plays a pivotal role in this track. Smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels are remarkable three-dimensional (3D) bioscaffolds intended for tissue engineering and other biomedical purposes. They can simulate the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological characters of the innate tissues. Also, they provide the aqueous conditions for cell growth, support 3D conformation, provide mechanical stability for the cells, and serve as potent delivery matrices for bioactive molecules. Many natural and artificial polymers were broadly utilized to design these intelligent platforms with novel advanced characteristics and tailored functionalities that fit such applications. In the present review, we highlighted the different types of smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels with emphasis on their synthesis scheme. Besides, the mechanisms of their responsiveness to different stimuli were elaborated. Their potential for tissue engineering applications was discussed. Furthermore, their exploitation in other biomedical applications as targeted drug delivery, smart biosensors, actuators, 3D and 4D printing, and 3D cell culture were outlined. In addition, we threw light on smart self-healing hydrogels and their applications in biomedicine. Eventually, we presented their future perceptions in biomedical and tissue regeneration applications. Conclusively, current progress in the design of smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels enhances their prospective to function as intelligent, and sophisticated systems in different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein M. El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Mady
- Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
| | - Amira Abugomaa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahliya, 35516, Egypt
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
- Division of Research Animal Laboratory and Translational Medicine, Research and Development Center, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
| | - Aimi Yokoi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya, 13736, Egypt
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 1838509, Japan
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50
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Sarkar K, Datta HK, Ahmed S, Dastidar P. Structural Rationale towards Designing Coordination Polymer Based Metallogels Displaying Anti‐Cancer and Anti‐Bacterial Properties. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Hemanta Kumar Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sabir Ahmed
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
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