1
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A Mohamed W, Chakraborty J, Bourda L, Lavendomme R, Liu C, Morent R, De Geyter N, Van Hecke K, Kaczmarek AM, Van Der Voort P. Engineering Porosity and Functionality in a Robust Twofold Interpenetrated Bismuth-Based MOF: Toward a Porous, Stable, and Photoactive Material. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13113-13125. [PMID: 38700843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Defect engineering in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has gained worldwide research traction, as it offers tools to tune the properties of MOFs. Herein, we report a novel 2-fold interpenetrated Bi-based MOF made of a tritopic flexible organic linker, followed by missing-linker defect engineering. This procedure creates a gradually augmented micro- and mesoporosity in the parent (originally nonporous) network. The resulting MOFs can tolerate a remarkable extent of linker vacancy (with absence of up to 60% of linkers per Bi node) created by altering the crystal-growth rate as a function of synthesis temperature and duration. Owing to the enhanced porosity and availability of the uncoordinated Lewis acidic Bi sites, the defect-engineered MOFs manifested improved surface areas, augmented CO2 and water vapor uptake, and catalytic activity. Parallel to this, the impact of defect engineering on the optoelectronic properties of these MOFs has also been studied, offering avenues for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Mohamed
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Jeet Chakraborty
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Laurens Bourda
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Roy Lavendomme
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique (LCO), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- NanoSensing, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Rino Morent
- RUPT-Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41-B4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- RUPT-Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41-B4, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- XStruct, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Anna M Kaczmarek
- NanoSensing, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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2
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Lei L, Luan TX, Li PZ, Qiu Y, Su J, Wang Z, Wang P, Zheng Z, Cheng H, Dai Y, Huang B, Liu Y. Strong Second-Harmonic Generation Induced by a Triphenylamine-Based Bismuth-Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Activity Enhancement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38603468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the well-defined geometry of metal centers and highly directional metal-ligand coordination bonds, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising candidates for nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. In this work, taking a photoresponsive carboxylate triphenylamine derivative as an organic ligand, a bismuth-based MOF, Bi-NBC, NBC = 4',4‴,4‴″-nitrilotris(([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid)) is obtained. Structure determination reveals that it is a potential NLO material derived from its noncentrosymmetric structure, which is finally confirmed by its rarely strong second harmonic generation (SHG) effect. Theoretical calculations reveal that the potential difference around Bi atoms is large; therefore, it leads to a strong local built-in electric field, which greatly facilitates the charge separation and transfer and finally improves the photocatalytic performance. Our results provide a reference for the exploration of MOFs with NLO properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- The 46th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Tianjin 300220, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Xiang Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yi Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie Su
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zeyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hefeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Baibiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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3
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Krysiak Y, Plana-Ruiz S, Fink L, Alig E, Bahnmüller U, Kolb U, Schmidt MU. High Temperature Electron Diffraction on Organic Crystals: In Situ Crystal Structure Determination of Pigment Orange 34. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9880-9887. [PMID: 38536667 PMCID: PMC11009952 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule structures and their applications rely on good knowledge of their atomic arrangements. However, the crystal structures of these compounds and materials, which are often composed of fine crystalline domains, cannot be determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) is already becoming a reliable method for the structure analysis of submicrometer-sized organic materials. The reduction of electron beam damage is essential for successful structure determination and often prevents the analysis of organic materials at room temperature, not to mention high temperature studies. In this work, we apply advanced 3D ED methods at different temperatures enabling the accurate structure determination of two phases of Pigment Orange 34 (C34H28N8O2Cl2), a biphenyl pyrazolone pigment that has been industrially produced for more than 80 years and used for plastics application. The crystal structure of the high-temperature phase, which can be formed during plastic coloration, was determined at 220 °C. For the first time, we were able to observe a reversible phase transition in an industrial organic pigment in the solid state, even with atomic resolution, despite crystallites being submicrometer in size. By localizing hydrogen atoms, we were even able to detect the tautomeric state of the molecules at different temperatures. This demonstrates that precise, fast, and low-dose 3D ED measurements enable high-temperature studies the door for general in situ studies of nanocrystalline materials at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaşar Krysiak
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University
Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergi Plana-Ruiz
- Department
of Materials and Geoscience, Technische
Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 23, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- LENS,
MIND/IN2UB, Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lothar Fink
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe
University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Edith Alig
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe
University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bahnmüller
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University
Hannover, Callinstraße 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ute Kolb
- Department
of Materials and Geoscience, Technische
Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 23, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin U. Schmidt
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe
University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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4
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Yang H, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Wu B, Ying Y, Sofer Z, Wang S. Surfactant-Mediated Crystalline Structure Evolution Enabling the Ultrafast Green Synthesis of Bismuth-MOF in Aqueous Condition. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307484. [PMID: 38050936 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis of stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with permanent and highly ordered porosity at room temperature without needing toxic and harmful solvents and long-term high-temperature reactions is crucial for sustainable production. Herein, a rapid and environmentally friendly synthesis strategy is reported to synthesize the complex topological bismuth-based-MOFs (Bi-MOFs), [Bi9(C9H3O6)9(H2O)9] (denoted CAU-17), in water under ambient conditions by surfactant-mediated sonochemical approach, which could also be applicable to other MOFs. This strategy explores using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) amphiphilic molecules as structure-inducing agents to control the removal of non-coordinated water (dehydration) and enhance the degree of deprotonation of the ligands, thereby regulating the coordination and crystallization in aqueous solutions. In addition, another two new strategies for synthesizing CAU-17 by crystal reconstruction and one-step synthesis in binary solvents are provided, and the solvent-induced synthesis mechanism of CAU-17 is studied. The as-prepared CAU-17 presents a competitive iodine capture capability and effective delivery of the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide (PA) for enteropatia due to the broad pH tolerance and the unique phosphate-responsive destruction in the intestine. The findings will provide valuable ideas for the follow-up study of surfactant-assisted aqueous synthesis of MOFs and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Bing Wu
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Yulong Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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5
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Hogan-Lamarre P, Luo Y, Bücker R, Miller RJD, Zou X. STEM SerialED: achieving high-resolution data for ab initio structure determination of beam-sensitive nanocrystalline materials. IUCRJ 2024; 11:62-72. [PMID: 38038991 PMCID: PMC10833385 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523009661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Serial electron diffraction (SerialED), which applies a snapshot data acquisition strategy for each crystal, was introduced to tackle the problem of radiation damage in the structure determination of beam-sensitive materials by three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED). The snapshot data acquisition in SerialED can be realized using both transmission and scanning transmission electron microscopes (TEM/STEM). However, the current SerialED workflow based on STEM setups requires special external devices and software, which limits broader adoption. Here, we present a simplified experimental implementation of STEM-based SerialED on Thermo Fisher Scientific STEMs using common proprietary software interfaced through Python scripts to automate data collection. Specifically, we utilize TEM Imaging and Analysis (TIA) scripting and TEM scripting to access the STEM functionalities of the microscope, and DigitalMicrograph scripting to control the camera for snapshot data acquisition. Data analysis adapts the existing workflow using the software CrystFEL, which was developed for serial X-ray crystallography. Our workflow for STEM SerialED can be used on any Gatan or Thermo Fisher Scientific camera. We apply this workflow to collect high-resolution STEM SerialED data from two aluminosilicate zeolites, zeolite Y and ZSM-25. We demonstrate, for the first time, ab initio structure determination through direct methods using STEM SerialED data. Zeolite Y is relatively stable under the electron beam, and STEM SerialED data extend to 0.60 Å. We show that the structural model obtained using STEM SerialED data merged from 358 crystals is nearly identical to that using continuous rotation electron diffraction data from one crystal. This demonstrates that accurate structures can be obtained from STEM SerialED. Zeolite ZSM-25 is very beam-sensitive and has a complex structure. We show that STEM SerialED greatly improves the data resolution of ZSM-25, compared with serial rotation electron diffraction (SerialRED), from 1.50 to 0.90 Å. This allows, for the first time, the use of standard phasing methods, such as direct methods, for the ab initio structure determination of ZSM-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Hogan-Lamarre
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 80 George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106, Sweden
| | - Robert Bücker
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 80 George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106, Sweden
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6
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Zheng A, Yin K, Pan R, Zhu M, Xiong Y, Sun L. Research Progress on Metal-Organic Frameworks by Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111742. [PMID: 37299645 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), composed of metal nodes and inorganic linkers, are promising for a wide range of applications due to their unique periodic frameworks. Understanding structure-activity relationships can facilitate the development of new MOFs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique to characterize the microstructures of MOFs at the atomic scale. In addition, it is possible to directly visualize the microstructural evolution of MOFs in real time under working conditions via in situ TEM setups. Although MOFs are sensitive to high-energy electron beams, much progress has been made due to the development of advanced TEM. In this review, we first introduce the main damage mechanisms for MOFs under electron-beam irradiation and two strategies to minimize these damages: low-dose TEM and cryo-TEM. Then we discuss three typical techniques to analyze the microstructure of MOFs, including three-dimensional electron diffraction, imaging using direct-detection electron-counting cameras, and iDPC-STEM. Groundbreaking milestones and research advances of MOFs structures obtained with these techniques are highlighted. In situ TEM studies are reviewed to provide insights into the dynamics of MOFs induced by various stimuli. Additionally, perspectives are analyzed for promising TEM techniques in the research of MOFs' structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zheng
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Kuibo Yin
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Rui Pan
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Mingyun Zhu
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuwei Xiong
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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7
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Zhu B, Dong Q, Huang J, Yang M, Chen X, Zhai C, Chen Q, Wang B, Tao H, Chen L. Self-Assembly of Bi 2Sn 2O 7/β-Bi 2O 3 S-Scheme Heterostructures for Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13702-13714. [PMID: 37091378 PMCID: PMC10116523 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of S-scheme heterojunctions with enhanced redox capability offers an effective approach to address environmental remediation. In this study, high-performance Bi2Sn2O7/β-Bi2O3 S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts were fabricated via the in situ growth of Bi2Sn2O7 on β-Bi2O3 microspheres. The optimized Bi2Sn2O7/β-Bi2O3 (BSO/BO-0.4) degradation efficiency for tetracycline hydrochloride was 95.5%, which was 2.68-fold higher than that of β-Bi2O3. This improvement originated from higher photoelectron-hole pair separation efficiency, more exposed active sites, excellent redox capacity, and efficient generation of ·O2 - and ·OH. Additionally, Bi2Sn2O7/β-Bi2O3 exhibited good stability against photocatalytic degradation, and the degradation efficiency remained >89.7% after five cycles. The photocatalytic mechanism of Bi2Sn2O7/β-Bi2O3 S-scheme heterojunctions was elucidated. In this study, we design and fabricate high-performance heterojunction photocatalysts for environmental remediation using S-scheme photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baikang Zhu
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- National
and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbor Oil & Gas
Storage and Transportation Technology, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Qinbin Dong
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Jianghua Huang
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xianlei Chen
- Zhoushan
Institute of Calibration and Testing for Quality and Technology Supervision, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, China
| | - Chunyang Zhai
- School
of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315021, China
| | - Qingguo Chen
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Bohong Wang
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Hengcong Tao
- School
of Petrochemical Engineering and Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- National
and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbor Oil & Gas
Storage and Transportation Technology, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department
of General Practice, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100036, China
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8
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Amiri M, Lulich A, Chiu NC, Wolff S, Fast DB, Stickle WF, Stylianou KC, Nyman M. Bismuth-Polyoxocation Coordination Networks: Controlling Nuclearity and Dimension-Dependent Photocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18087-18100. [PMID: 36976927 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth-oxocluster nodes for metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and coordination networks/polymers are less prolific than other families featuring zinc, zirconium, titanium, lanthanides, etc. However, Bi3+ is non-toxic, it readily forms polyoxocations, and its oxides are exploited in photocatalysis. This family of compounds provides opportunity in medicinal and energy applications. Here, we show that Bi node nuclearity depends on solvent polarity, leading to a family of Bix-sulfonate/carboxylate coordination networks with x = 1-38. Larger nuclearity-node networks were obtained from polar and strongly coordinating solvents, and we attribute the solvent's ability to stabilize larger species in solution. The strong role of the solvent and the lesser role of the linker in defining node topologies differ from other MOF syntheses, and this is due to the Bi3+ intrinsic lone pair that leads to weak node-linker interactions. We describe this family by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (eleven structures), obtained in pure forms and high yields. Ditopic linkers include NDS (1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate), DDBS (2,2'-[biphenyl-4,4'-diylchethane-2,1-diyl] dibenzenesulphonate), and NH2-benzendicarboxylate (BDC). While the BDC and NDS linkers yield more open-framework topologies that resemble those obtained by carboxylate linkers, topologies with DDBS linkers appear to be in part driven by association between DDBS molecules. An in situ small-angle X-ray scattering study of Bi38-DDBS reveals stepwise formation, including Bi38-assembly, pre-organization in solution, followed by crystallization, confirming the less important role of the linker. We demonstrate photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) generation with select members of the synthesized materials without the benefit of a co-catalyst. Band gap determination from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis data suggest the DDBS linker effectively absorbs in the visible range with ligand-to-Bi-node charge transfer. In addition, materials containing more Bi (larger Bi38-nodes or Bi6 inorganic chains) exhibit strong UV absorption, also contributing to effective photocatalysis by a different mechanism. All tested materials became black with extensive UV-vis exposure, and XPS, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray scattering of the black Bi38-framework suggest that Bi0 is formed in situ, without phase segregation. This evolution leads to enhanced photocatalytic performance, perhaps due to increased light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Alice Lulich
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Nan-Chieh Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Samuel Wolff
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Dylan B Fast
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - William F Stickle
- Hewlett-Packard Co., 1000 NE Circle Blvd., Corvallis, Oregon 97330, United States
| | - Kyriakos C Stylianou
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - May Nyman
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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9
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Simoncic P, Romeijn E, Hovestreydt E, Steinfeld G, Santiso-Quiñones G, Merkelbach J. Electron crystallography and dedicated electron-diffraction instrumentation. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:410-422. [PMID: 37151820 PMCID: PMC10162091 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023003109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Electron diffraction (known also as ED, 3D ED or microED) is gaining momentum in science and industry. The application of electron diffraction in performing nano-crystallography on crystals smaller than 1 µm is a disruptive technology that is opening up fascinating new perspectives for a wide variety of compounds required in the fields of chemical, pharmaceutical and advanced materials research. Electron diffraction enables the characterization of solid compounds complementary to neutron, powder X-ray and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, as it has the unique capability to measure nanometre-sized crystals. The recent introduction of dedicated instrumentation to perform ED experiments is a key aspect of the continued growth and success of this technology. In addition to the ultra-high-speed hybrid-pixel detectors enabling ED data collection in continuous rotation mode, a high-precision goniometer and horizontal layout have been determined as essential features of an electron diffractometer, both of which are embodied in the Eldico ED-1. Four examples of data collected on an Eldico ED-1 are showcased to demonstrate the potential and advantages of a dedicated electron diffractometer, covering selected applications and challenges of electron diffraction: (i) multiple reciprocal lattices, (ii) absolute structure of a chiral compound, and (iii) R-values achieved by kinematic refinement comparable to X-ray data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Simoncic
- Eldico Scientific AG, PARK INNOVAARE: delivery LAB, Villigen, Aargau5234, Switzerland
- Correspondence e-mail:
| | - Eva Romeijn
- Eldico Scientific AG, PARK INNOVAARE: delivery LAB, Villigen, Aargau5234, Switzerland
| | - Eric Hovestreydt
- Eldico Scientific AG, PARK INNOVAARE: delivery LAB, Villigen, Aargau5234, Switzerland
| | - Gunther Steinfeld
- Eldico Scientific AG, PARK INNOVAARE: delivery LAB, Villigen, Aargau5234, Switzerland
| | | | - Johannes Merkelbach
- Eldico Scientific AG, PARK INNOVAARE: delivery LAB, Villigen, Aargau5234, Switzerland
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10
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Rapid synthesis of bismuth-organic frameworks as selective antimicrobial materials against microbial biofilms. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100507. [PMID: 36504541 PMCID: PMC9730226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat, and urgent actions should be undertaken for developing alternative antimicrobial strategies and approaches. Notably, bismuth drugs exhibit potent antimicrobial effects on various pathogens and promising efficacy in tackling SARS-CoV-2 and related infections. As such, bismuth-based materials could precisely combat pathogenic bacteria and effectively treat the resultant infections and inflammatory diseases through a controlled release of Bi ions for targeted drug delivery. Currently, it is a great challenge to rapidly and massively manufacture bismuth-based particles, and yet there are no reports on effectively constructing such porous antimicrobial-loaded particles. Herein, we have developed two rapid approaches (i.e., ultrasound-assisted and agitation-free methods) to synthesizing bismuth-based materials with ellipsoid- (Ellipsoids) and rod-like (Rods) morphologies respectively, and fully characterized physicochemical properties. Rods with a porous structure were confirmed as bismuth metal-organic frameworks (Bi-MOF) and aligned with the crystalline structure of CAU-17. Importantly, the formation of Rods was a 'two-step' crystallization process of growing almond-flake-like units followed by stacking into the rod-like structure. The size of Bi-MOF was precisely controlled from micro-to nano-scales by varying concentrations of metal ions and their ratio to the ligand. Moreover, both Ellipsoids and Rods showed excellent biocompatibility with human gingival fibroblasts and potent antimicrobial effects on the Gram-negative oral pathogens including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Both Ellipsoids and Rods at 50 μg/mL could disrupt the bacterial membranes, and particularly eliminate P. gingivalis biofilms. This study demonstrates highly efficient and facile approaches to synthesizing bismuth-based particles. Our work could enrich the administration modalities of metallic drugs for promising antibiotic-free healthcare.
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11
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Steinke F, Otto T, Ito S, Wöhlbrandt S, Stock N. Isostructural Family of Rare‐Earth MOFs Synthesized from 1,1,2,2‐Tetrakis(4‐phosphonophenyl)ethylene. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Steinke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Tobias Otto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Sho Ito
- Rigaku Corporation 3-9-12 Matsubara-cho, Akishima Tokyo 196-8666 Japan
| | - Stephan Wöhlbrandt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
- Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science KiNSIS Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4 24118 Kiel Germany
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12
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Gómez‐Oliveira EP, Reinares‐Fisac D, Aguirre‐Díaz LM, Esteban‐Betegón F, Pintado‐Sierra M, Gutiérrez‐Puebla E, Iglesias M, Ángeles Monge M, Gándara F. Framework Adaptability and Concerted Structural Response in a Bismuth Metal‐Organic Framework Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209335. [PMID: 35841537 PMCID: PMC9546171 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eloy P. Gómez‐Oliveira
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Daniel Reinares‐Fisac
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Lina M. Aguirre‐Díaz
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima Esteban‐Betegón
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Mercedes Pintado‐Sierra
- General Organic Chemistry Institute, IQOG Spanish National Research Council, CSIC C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Gutiérrez‐Puebla
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Iglesias
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Monge
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM Spanish National Research Council, CSIC Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3 28049 Madrid Spain
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13
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Andrusenko I, Gemmi M. 3D
electron diffraction for structure determination of small‐molecule nanocrystals: A possible breakthrough for the pharmaceutical industry. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1810. [PMID: 35595285 PMCID: PMC9539612 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Andrusenko
- Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Pontedera
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Center for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Pontedera
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14
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Abstract
![]()
Electron crystallography
has a storied history which rivals that
of its more established X-ray-enabled counterpart. Recent advances
in data collection and analysis have sparked a renaissance in the
field, opening a new chapter for this venerable technique. Burgeoning
interest in electron crystallography has spawned innovative methods
described by various interchangeable labels (3D ED, MicroED, cRED,
etc.). This Review covers concepts and findings relevant to the practicing
crystallographer, with an emphasis on experiments aimed at using electron
diffraction to elucidate the atomic structure of three-dimensional
molecular crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambarneil Saha
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shervin S Nia
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - José A Rodríguez
- UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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15
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Single-crystal structure determination of nanosized metal-organic frameworks by three-dimensional electron diffraction. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:2389-2413. [PMID: 35896741 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable interest due to their well-defined pore architecture and structural tunability on molecular dimensions. While single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) has been widely used to elucidate the structures of MOFs at the atomic scale, the formation of large and well-ordered crystals is still a crucial bottleneck for structure determination. To alleviate this challenge, three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has been developed for structure determination of nano- (submicron-)sized crystals. Such 3D ED data are collected from each single crystal using transmission electron microscopy. In this protocol, we introduce the entire workflow for structural analysis of MOFs by 3D ED, from sample preparation, data acquisition and data processing to structure determination. We describe methods for crystal screening and handling of crystal agglomerates, which are crucial steps in sample preparation for single-crystal 3D ED data collection. We further present how to set up a transmission electron microscope for 3D ED data acquisition and, more importantly, offer suggestions for the optimization of data acquisition conditions. For data processing, including unit cell and space group determination, and intensity integration, we provide guidelines on how to use electron and X-ray crystallography software to process 3D ED data. Finally, we present structure determination from 3D ED data and discuss the important features associated with 3D ED data that need to be considered. We believe that this protocol provides critical details for implementing and utilizing 3D ED as a structure determination platform for nano- (submicron-)sized MOFs as well as other crystalline materials.
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16
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Gómez-Oliveira EP, Reinares-Fisac D, Aguirre-Díaz LM, Esteban-Betegón F, Pintado-Sierra M, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Iglesias M, Monge A, Gandara F. Framework Adaptability and Concerted Structural Response in a Bismuth Metal‐Organic Framework Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Pablo Gómez-Oliveira
- Madrid Institute of Materials Science: Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | - Daniel Reinares-Fisac
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | - Lina M Aguirre-Díaz
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | - Fátima Esteban-Betegón
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | | | | | - Marta Iglesias
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | - Angeles Monge
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry SPAIN
| | - Felipe Gandara
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid New Architectures in Materials Chemistry Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3 28904 Madrid SPAIN
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17
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Wang H, Liu L, Wang J, Li C, Hou J, Zheng K. The Development of iDPC-STEM and Its Application in Electron Beam Sensitive Materials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123829. [PMID: 35744947 PMCID: PMC9231126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main aspects of material research: material synthesis, material structure, and material properties, are interrelated. Acquiring atomic structure information of electron beam sensitive materials by electron microscope, such as porous zeolites, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, metal-organic frameworks, is an important and challenging task. The difficulties in characterization of the structures will inevitably limit the optimization of their synthesis methods and further improve their performance. The emergence of integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (iDPC-STEM), a STEM characterization technique capable of obtaining images with high signal-to-noise ratio under lower doses, has made great breakthroughs in the atomic structure characterization of these materials. This article reviews the developments and applications of iDPC-STEM in electron beam sensitive materials, and provides an outlook on its capabilities and development.
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18
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Gómez-Oliveira EP, Méndez N, Iglesias M, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Aguirre-Díaz LM, Monge MÁ. Building a Green, Robust, and Efficient Bi-MOF Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Strecker Reaction of Ketones. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7523-7529. [PMID: 35510809 PMCID: PMC9115759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this work, we
present the new [Bi14(μ3-O)9(μ4-O)2(μ3–OH)5(3,5-DSB)5(H2O)3]·7H2O, BiPF-4 (bismuth
polymeric framework—4) MOF, its microwave hydrothermal synthesis,
as well as its behavior as a heterogeneous catalyst in the multicomponent
organic Strecker reaction. The BiPF-4 material shows
a three-dimensional (3D) framework formed by peculiar inorganic oxo-hydroxo-bismutate
layers connected among them through the 3,5-dsb (3,5-disulfobenzoic
acid) linker. These two-dimensional (2D) layers, built by junctions
of Bi7 polyhedra SBU, provide the material of many Lewis acid catalytic
sites because of the mixing in the metal coordination number. BiPF-4 is a highly robust, green, and stable material that
demonstrates an excellent heterogeneous catalytic activity in the
multicomponent Strecker reaction of ketones carried out in one-pot
synthesis, bringing a reliable platform of novel green materials based
on nontoxic and abundant metal sources such as bismuth. In this work, we present the new [Bi14(μ3-O)9(μ4-O)2(μ3−OH)5(3,5-DSB)5(H2O)3]·7H2O, BiPF-4 (bismuth
polymeric framework—4) MOF, its microwave hydrothermal synthesis,
as well as its behavior as a heterogeneous catalyst in the multicomponent
organic Strecker reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy P Gómez-Oliveira
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Nayara Méndez
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Marta Iglesias
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Enrique Gutiérrez-Puebla
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Lina M Aguirre-Díaz
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Monge
- Departamento de Nuevas Arquitecturas en Química de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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19
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Guan Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Karsili TNV, Fan M, Liu Y, Marchetti B, Zhou XD. Achieving high selectivity towards electro-conversion of CO 2 using In-doped Bi derived from metal-organic frameworks. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:235-245. [PMID: 34998187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their derivatives have shown great potential as electrocatalysts, in virtue of their ease of functionalization and abundance of active sites. Here, we report a series of indium-doped bismuth MOF-derived composites (BiInX-Y@C) for the direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbon derivatives. Amongst the catalysts studied, BiIn5-500@C demonstrated high selectivity for the production of formate and intrinsic activity in a wide potential window, ranging from - 1.16 to - 0.76 V vs. RHE (VRHE). At - 0.86 VRHE, the Faradaic efficiency and total current density were determined as 97.5% and - 13.5 mA cm-2, respectively. In addition, a 15-h stability test shows no obvious signs of deactivation. Complementary density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the In-doped Bi2O3 are the predominant active centers for HCOOH production in the reduction of CO2 under the action of the BiInX-Y@C catalyst. This work provides new detailed insights into reaction mechanism, and selectivity for reduction of CO2via MOFs, which are expected to inspire and guide the design of novel, selective and efficient catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Guan
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xurui Zhang
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanxing Zhang
- School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tolga N V Karsili
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Barbara Marchetti
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhou
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
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20
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Svensson Grape E, Rooth V, Nero M, Willhammar T, Inge AK. Structure of the active pharmaceutical ingredient bismuth subsalicylate. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1984. [PMID: 35418171 PMCID: PMC9008038 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure determination of pharmaceutical compounds is invaluable for drug development but remains challenging for those that form as small crystals with defects. Bismuth subsalicylate, among the most commercially significant bismuth compounds, is an active ingredient in over-the-counter medications such as Pepto-Bismol, used to treat dyspepsia and H. pylori infections. Despite its century-long history, the structure of bismuth subsalicylate is still under debate. Here we show that advanced electron microscopy techniques, namely three-dimensional electron diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy, can give insight into the structure of active pharmaceutical ingredients that are difficult to characterize using conventional methods due to their small size or intricate structural features. Hierarchical clustering analysis of three-dimensional electron diffraction data from ordered crystals of bismuth subsalicylate revealed a layered structure. A detailed investigation using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy showed variations in the stacking of layers, the presence of which has likely hindered structure solution by other means. Together, these modern electron crystallography techniques provide a toolbox for structure determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug discovery, demonstrated by this study of bismuth subsalicylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Svensson Grape
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria Rooth
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathias Nero
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - A Ken Inge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Two New Organic Co-Crystals Based on Acetamidophenol Molecules. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present two new organic co-crystals obtained through a simple solution growth process based on an acetamidophenol molecule, either paracetamol or metacetamol, and on 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). These co-crystals are part of a family of potential organic charge transfer complexes, where the acetamidophenol molecule behaves as an electron donor and TCNQ behaves as an electron acceptor. Due to the sub-micron size of the crystalline domains, 3D electron diffraction was employed for the structure characterization of both systems. Paracetamol-TCNQ structure was solved by standard direct methods, while the analysis of metacetamol-TCNQ was complicated by the low resolution of the available diffraction data and by the low symmetry of the system. The structure determination of metacetamol-TCNQ was eventually achieved after merging two data sets and combining direct methods with simulated annealing. Our study reveals that both paracetamol-TCNQ and metacetamol-TCNQ systems crystallize in a 1:1 stoichiometry, assembling in a mixed-stack configuration and adopting a non-centrosymmetric P1 symmetry. It appears that paracetamol and metacetamol do not form a strong structural scaffold based on hydrogen bonding, as previously observed for orthocetamol-TCNQ and orthocetamol-TCNB (1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene) co-crystals.
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22
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Xie D, Wang S, Li S, Yang W, Feng YS. A two-dimensional Bi-based porphyrin metal–organic framework photocatalyst for white light-driven selective oxidation of sulfides. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00387b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A single crystal of a Bi-based porphyrin metal–organic framework was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. It exhibited significant photocatalytic activity for the selective oxidation of sulfides, maintaining high activity after 10 catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Shihao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Wenqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Si Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advance Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
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23
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Facile synthesis of bismuth(III) based metal-organic framework with difference ligands using microwave irradiation method. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Mannarsamy M, Nandeshwar M, Veerapathiran S, Mandal S, Harijan D, Subramaniyam K, Muduli G, Prabusankar G. Dinuclear complexes, a one dimensional chain and a two dimensional layer of bismuth( iii) chalcogenones for C–S cross coupling reactions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bismuth coordination polymers derived from organochalcogenone ligands and their catalytic applications in the synthesis of annulated heterocyclic aryl thioethers have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muneshwar Nandeshwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
| | - Sabari Veerapathiran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
| | - Suman Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
| | - Dinesh Harijan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
| | | | - Gopendra Muduli
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
| | - Ganesan Prabusankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502 285, India
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25
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Samperisi L, Zou X, Huang Z. Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction: A Powerful Structural Characterization Technique for Crystal Engineering. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding crystal structures and behaviors is crucial for constructing and engineering crystalline materials with various properties and functions. Recent advancement in three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) and its application on...
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26
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Clark LJ, Bu G, Nannenga BL, Gonen T. MicroED for the study of protein–ligand interactions and the potential for drug discovery. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:853-858. [PMID: 37117388 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-021-00332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) is an electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) technique used to determine molecular structures with crystals that are a millionth the size needed for traditional single-crystal X-ray crystallography. An exciting use of MicroED is in drug discovery and development, where it can be applied to the study of proteins and small molecule interactions, and for structure determination of natural products. The structures are then used for rational drug design and optimization. In this Perspective, we discuss the current applications of MicroED for structure determination of protein-ligand complexes and potential future applications in drug discovery.
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27
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Gruene T, Mugnaioli E. 3D Electron Diffraction for Chemical Analysis: Instrumentation Developments and Innovative Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11823-11834. [PMID: 34533919 PMCID: PMC8517952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, many exciting papers reported results based on crystal structure determination by electron diffraction. The aim of this review is to provide general and practical information to structural chemists interested in stepping into this emerging field. We discuss technical characteristics of electron microscopes for research units that would like to acquire their own instrumentation, as well as those practical aspects that appear different between X-ray and electron crystallography. We also include a discussion about applications where electron crystallography provides information that is different, and possibly complementary, with respect to what is available from X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Gruene
- University
of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry,
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Enrico Mugnaioli
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy
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28
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Ying Y, Khezri B, Kosina J, Pumera M. Reconstructed Bismuth-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanofibers for Selective CO 2 -to-Formate Conversion: Morphology Engineering. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3402-3412. [PMID: 34227725 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (ERCO2 ) is an attractive and sustainable approach to close the carbon loop. Formic acid is a high-value and readily collectible liquid product. However, the current reaction selectivity remains unsatisfactory. In this study, the bismuth-containing metal-organic framework CAU-17, with morphological variants of hexagonal prisms (CAU-17-hp) and nanofibers (CAU-17-fiber), is prepared at room temperature through a wet-chemical approach and employed as the electrocatalyst for highly selective CO2 -to-formate conversion. An H3 BTC-mediated morphology reconstruction is systematically investigated and further used to build a CAU-17-fiber hierarchical structure. The as-prepared CAU-17-fiber_400 electrodes give the best electrocatalytic performance in selective and efficient formate production with FEHCOO- of 96.4 % and jCOOH- of 20.4 mA cm-2 at -0.9 VRHE . This work provides a new mild approach for synthesis and morphology engineering of CAU-17 and demonstrates the efficacy of morphology engineering in regulating the accessible surface area and promoting the activity of MOF-based materials for ERCO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Ying
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Bahareh Khezri
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kosina
- Central Laboratories, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, CZ-616 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, 40202, Taichung, Taiwan, P. R. China
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29
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Han X, Chen W, Su R, Tian Y, Liu P, Guan P, Luo M, Han J, Cao X, Pan M, Chen M. Visualizing the {110} surface structure of equilibrium-form ZIF-8 crystals by low-dose Cs-corrected TEM. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13215-13219. [PMID: 34477728 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03829j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The properties of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) crystals highly depend on the structures of the low-energy surfaces, such as {110} of ZIF-8. However, the atomic/molecular configurations of the ZIF-8 {110} surfaces remain debated. In this study, the near-atomic-scale characterization of {110} surfaces of ZIF-8 is conducted by low-dose aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The real-space images with mitigated surface delocalization by minimized spherical aberration of TEM, together with the solvent corrected surface energy calculations, demonstrate that the {110} surfaces of ZIF-8 crystals with an equilibrium-form rhombic morphology have a zigzag-type termination. This study provides experimental evidence to clarify the debated structure of {110} ZIF-8 surfaces and has important implications in understanding the crystal growth and surface related properties of ZIF-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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30
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Rizvi A, Mulvey JT, Carpenter BP, Talosig R, Patterson JP. A Close Look at Molecular Self-Assembly with the Transmission Electron Microscope. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14232-14280. [PMID: 34329552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular self-assembly is pervasive in the formation of living and synthetic materials. Knowledge gained from research into the principles of molecular self-assembly drives innovation in the biological, chemical, and materials sciences. Self-assembly processes span a wide range of temporal and spatial domains and are often unintuitive and complex. Studying such complex processes requires an arsenal of analytical and computational tools. Within this arsenal, the transmission electron microscope stands out for its unique ability to visualize and quantify self-assembly structures and processes. This review describes the contribution that the transmission electron microscope has made to the field of molecular self-assembly. An emphasis is placed on which TEM methods are applicable to different structures and processes and how TEM can be used in combination with other experimental or computational methods. Finally, we provide an outlook on the current challenges to, and opportunities for, increasing the impact that the transmission electron microscope can have on molecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoon Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Justin T Mulvey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Brooke P Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Rain Talosig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph P Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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31
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Ge M, Yang T, Wang Y, Carraro F, Liang W, Doonan C, Falcaro P, Zheng H, Zou X, Huang Z. On the completeness of three-dimensional electron diffraction data for structural analysis of metal-organic frameworks. Faraday Discuss 2021; 231:66-80. [PMID: 34227643 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) has been proven as an effective and accurate method for structure determination of nano-sized crystals. In the past decade, the crystal structures of various new complex metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been revealed by 3DED, which has been the key to understand their properties. However, due to the design of transmission electron microscopes (TEMs), one drawback of 3DED experiments is the limited tilt range of goniometers, which often leads to incomplete 3DED data, particularly when the crystal symmetry is low. This drawback can be overcome by high throughput data collection using continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED), where data from a large number of crystals can be collected and merged. Here, we investigate the effects of improving completeness on structural analysis of MOFs. We use ZIF-EC1, a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF), as an example. ZIF-EC1 crystallizes in a monoclinic system with a plate-like morphology. cRED data of ZIF-EC1 with different completeness and resolution were analyzed. The data completeness increased to 92.0% by merging ten datasets. Although the structures could be solved from individual datasets with a completeness as low as 44.5% and refined to a high precision (better than 0.04 Å), we demonstrate that a high data completeness could improve the structural model, especially on the electrostatic potential map. We further discuss the strategy adopted during data merging. We also show that ZIF-EC1 doped with cobalt can act as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Taimin Yang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Weibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia, Australia
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 South Australia, Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Haoquan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
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32
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Bismuth-based metal–organic frameworks and their derivatives: Opportunities and challenges. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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33
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Al-Nubi MAA, Hamisu AM, Ariffin A, Zhang J, Shimizu GKH, Jo H, Ok KM, Wibowo AC. A new bismuth coordination polymer with proton conductivity and orange-red photoluminescence. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1921167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aliyu M. Hamisu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Hongil Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Arief C. Wibowo
- Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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34
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Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction for Structural Analysis of Beam-Sensitive Metal-Organic Frameworks. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11030263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electrons interact strongly with matter, which makes it possible to obtain high-resolution electron diffraction data from nano- and submicron-sized crystals. Using electron beam as a radiation source in a transmission electron microscope (TEM), ab initio structure determination can be conducted from crystals that are 6–7 orders of magnitude smaller than using X-rays. The rapid development of three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) techniques has attracted increasing interests in the field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), where it is often difficult to obtain large and high-quality crystals for single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Nowadays, a 3DED dataset can be acquired in 15–250 s by applying continuous crystal rotation, and the required electron dose rate can be very low (<0.1 e s−1 Å−2). In this review, we describe the evolution of 3DED data collection techniques and how the recent development of continuous rotation electron diffraction techniques improves data quality. We further describe the structure elucidation of MOFs using 3DED techniques, showing examples of using both low- and high-resolution 3DED data. With an improved data quality, 3DED can achieve a high accuracy, and reveal more structural details of MOFs. Because the physical and chemical properties of MOFs are closely associated with their crystal structures, we believe 3DED will only increase its importance in developing MOF materials.
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35
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Zhang B, Cao S, Wu Y, Zhai P, Li Z, Zhang Y, Fan Z, Wang C, Zhang X, Hou J, Sun L. Metal‐Organic‐Framework‐Derived Bismuth Nanosheets for Electrochemical and Solar‐Driven Electrochemical CO
2
Reduction to Formate. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Shuyan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yunzhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Panlong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Zhuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Zhaozhong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jungang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
| | - Licheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology (DUT) Dalian 116024 China
- College of Science Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10044 Stockholm Sweden
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36
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Abstract
The synthesis methods, structures and applications of Bi(iii)-based MOFs in catalysis, adsorption, fluorescence, etc. are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xu Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- P. R. China
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37
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Huang Z, Grape ES, Li J, Inge AK, Zou X. 3D electron diffraction as an important technique for structure elucidation of metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Huang Z, Ge M, Carraro F, Doonan C, Falcaro P, Zou X. Can 3D electron diffraction provide accurate atomic structures of metal–organic frameworks? Faraday Discuss 2021; 225:118-132. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Structure determination by continuous rotation electron diffraction can be as feasible and accurate as single crystal X-ray diffraction without the need for large crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Meng Ge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Francesco Carraro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials
- The University of Adelaide
- Adelaide
- Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
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39
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Jangizehi A, Schmid F, Besenius P, Kremer K, Seiffert S. Defects and defect engineering in Soft Matter. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10809-10859. [PMID: 33306078 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft matter covers a wide range of materials based on linear or branched polymers, gels and rubbers, amphiphilic (macro)molecules, colloids, and self-assembled structures. These materials have applications in various industries, all highly important for our daily life, and they control all biological functions; therefore, controlling and tailoring their properties is crucial. One way to approach this target is defect engineering, which aims to control defects in the material's structure, and/or to purposely add defects into it to trigger specific functions. While this approach has been a striking success story in crystalline inorganic hard matter, both for mechanical and electronic properties, and has also been applied to organic hard materials, defect engineering is rarely used in soft matter design. In this review, we present a survey on investigations on defects and/or defect engineering in nine classes of soft matter composed of liquid crystals, colloids, linear polymers with moderate degree of branching, hyperbranched polymers and dendrimers, conjugated polymers, polymeric networks, self-assembled amphiphiles and proteins, block copolymers and supramolecular polymers. This overview proposes a promising role of this approach for tuning the properties of soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Jangizehi
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Huang Z, Willhammar T, Zou X. Three-dimensional electron diffraction for porous crystalline materials: structural determination and beyond. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1206-1219. [PMID: 34163882 PMCID: PMC8179196 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05731b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous crystalline materials such as zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted great interest due to their well-defined pore structures in molecular dimensions. Knowing the atomic structures of porous materials is crucial for understanding their properties and exploring their applications. Many porous materials are synthesized as polycrystalline powders, which are too small for structure determination by X-ray diffraction. Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) has been developed for studying such materials. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent developments of 3DED methods and demonstrate how 3DED revolutionized structural analysis of zeolites, MOFs, and COFs. Zeolites and MOFs whose structures remained unknown for decades could be solved. New approaches for design and targeted synthesis of novel zeolites could be developed. Moreover, we discuss the advances of structural analysis by 3DED in revealing the unique structural features and properties, such as heteroatom distributions, mixed-metal frameworks, structural flexibility, guest-host interactions, and structure transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
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41
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Sun T, Hughes CE, Guo L, Wei L, Harris KDM, Zhang Y, Ma Y. Direct‐Space Structure Determination of Covalent Organic Frameworks from 3D Electron Diffraction Data. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | | | - Linshuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Kenneth D. M. Harris
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Yue‐Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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42
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Sun T, Hughes CE, Guo L, Wei L, Harris KDM, Zhang YB, Ma Y. Direct-Space Structure Determination of Covalent Organic Frameworks from 3D Electron Diffraction Data. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22638-22644. [PMID: 32885575 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Structure determination of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with atomic precision is a bottleneck that hinders the development of COF chemistry. Although three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D-ED) data has been used to solve structures of sub-micrometer-sized COFs, successful structure solution is not guaranteed as the data resolution is usually low. We demonstrate that the direct-space strategy for structure solution, implemented using a genetic algorithm (GA), is a successful approach for structure determination of COF-300 from 3D-ED data. Structural models with different geometric constraints were considered in the GA calculations, with successful structure solution achieved from room-temperature 3D-ED data with a resolution as low as ca. 3.78 Å. The generality of this strategy was further verified for different phases of COF-300. This study demonstrates a viable strategy for structure solution of COF materials from 3D-ED data of limited resolution, which may facilitate the discovery of new COF materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Linshuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Yanhang Ma
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
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43
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Roslova M, Smeets S, Wang B, Thersleff T, Xu H, Zou X. InsteaDMatic: towards cross-platform automated continuous rotation electron diffraction. J Appl Crystallogr 2020; 53:1217-1224. [PMID: 33117109 PMCID: PMC7534539 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720009590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A DigitalMicrograph script, InsteaDMatic, has been developed to facilitate rapid automated 3D electron diffraction/microcrystal electron diffraction data acquisition by continuous rotation of a crystal with a constant speed, denoted as continuous rotation electron diffraction. The script coordinates microscope functions, such as stage rotation, and camera functions relevant for data collection, and stores the experiment metadata. The script is compatible with any microscope that can be controlled by DigitalMicrograph and has been tested on both JEOL and Thermo Fisher Scientific microscopes. A proof of concept has been performed through employing InsteaDMatic for data collection and structure determination of a ZSM-5 zeolite. The influence of illumination settings and electron dose rate on the quality of diffraction data, unit-cell determination and structure solution has been investigated in order to optimize the data acquisition procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Roslova
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Stef Smeets
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Thomas Thersleff
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Hongyi Xu
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, Stockholm SE-10691, Sweden
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44
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Grape ES, Flores JG, Hidalgo T, Martínez-Ahumada E, Gutiérrez-Alejandre A, Hautier A, Williams DR, O’Keeffe M, Öhrström L, Willhammar T, Horcajada P, Ibarra IA, Inge AK. A Robust and Biocompatible Bismuth Ellagate MOF Synthesized Under Green Ambient Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16795-16804. [PMID: 32894014 PMCID: PMC7586326 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first bioinspired microporous metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesized using ellagic acid, a common natural antioxidant and polyphenol building unit, is presented. Bi2O(H2O)2(C14H2O8)·nH2O (SU-101) was inspired by bismuth phenolate metallodrugs, and could be synthesized entirely from nonhazardous or edible reagents under ambient aqueous conditions, enabling simple scale-up. Reagent-grade and affordable dietary supplement-grade ellagic acid was sourced from tree bark and pomegranate hulls, respectively. Biocompatibility and colloidal stability were confirmed by in vitro assays. The material exhibits remarkable chemical stability for a bioinspired MOF (pH = 2-14, hydrothermal conditions, heated organic solvents, biological media, SO2 and H2S), attributed to the strongly chelating phenolates. A total H2S uptake of 15.95 mmol g-1 was recorded, representing one of the highest H2S capacities for a MOF, where polysulfides are formed inside the pores of the material. Phenolic phytochemicals remain largely unexplored as linkers for MOF synthesis, opening new avenues to design stable, eco-friendly, scalable, and low-cost MOFs for diverse applications, including drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Svensson Grape
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - J. Gabriel Flores
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento
de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad
Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, 02120 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Tania Hidalgo
- Advanced
Porous Materials Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Ahumada
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Aída Gutiérrez-Alejandre
- UNICAT,
Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de
México, Mexico
| | - Audrey Hautier
- Départment
Sciences et Génie Des Matériaux, INSA Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Daryl R. Williams
- Surfaces
and Particle Engineering Laboratory (SPEL), Department of Chemical
Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael O’Keeffe
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Lars Öhrström
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Patricia Horcajada
- Advanced
Porous Materials Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935 Móstoles, Madrid Spain
| | - Ilich A. Ibarra
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies (LaFReS), Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A. Ken Inge
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
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45
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Gong X, Gnanasekaran K, Chen Z, Robison L, Wasson MC, Bentz KC, Cohen SM, Farha OK, Gianneschi NC. Insights into the Structure and Dynamics of Metal–Organic Frameworks via Transmission Electron Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17224-17235. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gong
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karthikeyan Gnanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lee Robison
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Megan C. Wasson
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kyle C. Bentz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Seth M. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute of Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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46
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Banihashemi F, Bu G, Thaker A, Williams D, Lin JYS, Nannenga BL. Beam-sensitive metal-organic framework structure determination by microcrystal electron diffraction. Ultramicroscopy 2020; 216:113048. [PMID: 32570132 PMCID: PMC7492392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2020.113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of metal-organic framework (MOF) structure by electron microscopy and electron diffraction offers an alternative to growing large single crystals for high-resolution X-ray diffraction. However, many MOFs are electron beam-sensitive, which can make structural analysis using high-resolution electron microscopy difficult. In this work we use the microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) method to collect high-resolution electron diffraction data from a model beam-sensitive MOF, ZIF-8. The diffraction data could be used to determine the structure of ZIF-8 to 0.87 Å from a single ZIF-8 nanocrystal, and this refined structure compares well with previously published structures of ZIF-8 determined by X-ray crystallography. This demonstrates that MicroED can be a valuable tool for the analysis of beam-sensitive MOF structures directly from nano and microcrystalline material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Banihashemi
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, PO Box 876106, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Guanhong Bu
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, PO Box 876106, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 727 East Tyler Street, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Amar Thaker
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, PO Box 876106, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 727 East Tyler Street, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Dewight Williams
- John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Jerry Y S Lin
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, PO Box 876106, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States
| | - Brent L Nannenga
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, PO Box 876106, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 727 East Tyler Street, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States.
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47
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Johnstone DN, Firth FCN, Grey CP, Midgley PA, Cliffe MJ, Collins SM. Direct Imaging of Correlated Defect Nanodomains in a Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2020. [PMID: 32627544 DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.12024402.v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Defect engineering can enhance key properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Tailoring the distribution of defects, for example in correlated nanodomains, requires characterization across length scales. However, a critical nanoscale characterization gap has emerged between the bulk diffraction techniques used to detect defect nanodomains and the subnanometer imaging used to observe individual defects. Here, we demonstrate that the emerging technique of scanning electron diffraction (SED) can bridge this gap uniquely enabling both nanoscale crystallographic analysis and the low-dose formation of multiple diffraction contrast images for defect analysis in MOFs. We directly image defect nanodomains in the MOF UiO-66(Hf) over an area of ca. 1000 nm and with a spatial resolution ca. 5 nm to reveal domain morphology and distribution. Based on these observations, we suggest possible crystal growth processes underpinning synthetic control of defect nanodomains. We also identify likely dislocations and small angle grain boundaries, illustrating that SED could be a key technique in developing the potential for engineering the distribution of defects, or "microstructure", in functional MOF design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan N Johnstone
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K
| | - Francesca C N Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Paul A Midgley
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K
| | - Matthew J Cliffe
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Sean M Collins
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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48
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Johnstone DN, Firth FCN, Grey CP, Midgley PA, Cliffe MJ, Collins SM. Direct Imaging of Correlated Defect Nanodomains in a Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13081-13089. [PMID: 32627544 PMCID: PMC7467717 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Defect engineering can enhance key properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Tailoring the distribution of defects, for example in correlated nanodomains, requires characterization across length scales. However, a critical nanoscale characterization gap has emerged between the bulk diffraction techniques used to detect defect nanodomains and the subnanometer imaging used to observe individual defects. Here, we demonstrate that the emerging technique of scanning electron diffraction (SED) can bridge this gap uniquely enabling both nanoscale crystallographic analysis and the low-dose formation of multiple diffraction contrast images for defect analysis in MOFs. We directly image defect nanodomains in the MOF UiO-66(Hf) over an area of ca. 1000 nm and with a spatial resolution ca. 5 nm to reveal domain morphology and distribution. Based on these observations, we suggest possible crystal growth processes underpinning synthetic control of defect nanodomains. We also identify likely dislocations and small angle grain boundaries, illustrating that SED could be a key technique in developing the potential for engineering the distribution of defects, or "microstructure", in functional MOF design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan N. Johnstone
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Francesca C. N. Firth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Paul A. Midgley
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Matthew J. Cliffe
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.
| | - Sean M. Collins
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
- School
of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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49
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50
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Shen B, Chen X, Shen K, Xiong H, Wei F. Imaging the node-linker coordination in the bulk and local structures of metal-organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2692. [PMID: 32483138 PMCID: PMC7264187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown wide applications in catalysis, gas storage and separation due to their highly tunable porosity, connectivity and local structures. However, the electron-beam sensitivity of MOFs makes it difficult to achieve the atomic imaging of their bulk and local structures under (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) to study their structure-property relations. Here, we report the low-dose imaging of a beam-sensitive MOF, MIL-101, under a Cs-corrected STEM based on the integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) technique. The images resolve the coordination of Cr nodes and organic linkers inside the frameworks with an information transfer of ~1.8Å. The local structures in MIL-101 are also revealed under iDPC-STEM, including the surfaces, interfaces and defects. These results provide an extensible method to image various beam-sensitive materials with ultrahigh resolution, and unravel the whole framework architectures for further defect and surface engineering of MOFs towards tailored functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Kui Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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