1
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Yeo RJ, Bleich JN, Guérin M, Morganella D, Berner M, Frauenrath H. Multifunctional Aluminum Pre-treatments from End-Functionalized Phosphonic Acid Self-Assembled Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38306705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum alloys are used in advanced engineering applications as they possess a combination of favorable properties, including high strength, lightweightness, good corrosion resistance, machineability, and recyclability. Such applications often require forming the sheets into the final components, which is typically aided by an oil-based lubricant, followed by joining them using adhesives, which is hampered by residual lubricant. In this work, aluminum surfaces were modified with different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), with the goal of significantly reducing the amount of lubricant while simultaneously improving friction properties, forming, and bonding performance. Our results show that SAMs terminated with hydrophilic and nucleophilic end groups give rise to high-energy surfaces with wetting properties that are stable over time. These surfaces showed significantly improved surface wetting by the lubricant, which in turn resulted in an improved forming performance at reduced lubricant coat weights. Moreover, the nucleophilic SAM termination provided outstanding performance in adhesive bonding tests under corrosive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben J Yeo
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute of Materials, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Julian N Bleich
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute of Materials, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Novelis SA Switzerland, Sierre 3900, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Holger Frauenrath
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute of Materials, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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2
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Xiong Y, Gong Q, Miao Q. Synthesis, Molecular Packing and Semiconductor Properties of V-Shaped N-Heteroacene Dimers. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300623. [PMID: 37584325 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
This article presents two groups of V-shaped π-scaffolds that consist of two N-heteroacene units fused with either a rigid or flexible eight-membered ring. These rigid and flexible N-heteroacene dimers were synthesized through the condensation of tetraphenylenetetraone with the corresponding diamine and the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of tetrabromodibenzo[a,e]cyclooctatetraene with the corresponding diamine, respectively. A comparison of electronic structures and properties of the two groups of V-shaped N-heteroacene dimers shows subtle difference between the rigid and flexible eight-membered ring linkers in forming extended π-systems. X-ray crystallography of these V-shaped molecules has revealed interesting π-π interaction modes, which are dependent on the central connecting units and substituting groups. These π-π interactions between the V-shaped π-scaffolds have enabled the molecules to function as organic semiconductors in solution-processed field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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3
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King B, Radford CL, Vebber MC, Ronnasi B, Lessard BH. Not Just Surface Energy: The Role of Bis(pentafluorophenoxy) Silicon Phthalocyanine Axial Functionalization and Molecular Orientation on Organic Thin-Film Transistor Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36897075 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effect of surface chemistry on the dielectric-semiconductor interface, thin-film morphology, and molecular alignment enables the optimization of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). We explored the properties of thin films of bis(pentafluorophenoxy) silicon phthalocyanine (F10-SiPc) evaporated onto silicon dioxide (SiO2) surfaces modified by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of varying surface energies and by weak epitaxy growth (WEG). The total surface energy (γtot), dispersive component of the total surface energy (γd), and polar component of the total surface energy (γp) were calculated using the Owens-Wendt method and related to electron field-effect mobility of devices (μe), and it was determined that minimizing γp and matching γtot yielded films with the largest relative domain sizes and highest resulting μe. Subsequent analyses were completed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) to relate surface chemistry to thin-film morphology and molecular order at the surface and semiconductor-dielectric interface, respectively. Films evaporated on n-octyltrichlorosilane (OTS) yielded devices with the highest average μe of 7.2 × 10-2 cm2·V-1·s-1 that we attributed to it having both the largest domain length, which were extracted from power spectral density function (PSDF) analysis, and a subset of molecules with a pseudo edge-on orientation relative to the substrate. Films of F10-SiPc with the mean molecular orientation of the π-stacking direction being more edge-on relative to the substrate also generally resulted in OTFTs with a lower average VT. Unlike conventional MPcs, F10-SiPc films fabricated by WEG experienced no macrocycle in an edge-on configuration. These results demonstrate the critical role of the F10-SiPc axial groups on WEG, molecular orientation, and film morphology as a function of surface chemistry and the choice of SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin King
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chase L Radford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Mário C Vebber
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Bahar Ronnasi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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4
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Wang B, Xu T, Yu B, Zou J, Luan S. Optimization of Alkyl Side Chain Length in Polyimide for Gate Dielectrics to Achieve High Mobility and Outstanding Operational Stability in Organic Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7204-7216. [PMID: 36709451 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl chain modification strategies in both organic semiconductors and inorganic dielectrics play a crucial role in improving the performance of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). Polyimide (PI) and its derivatives have received extensive attention as dielectrics for application in OTFTs because of flexibility, high-temperature resistance, and low cost. However, low-temperature solution processing PI-based gate dielectric for flexible OTFTs with high mobility, low operating voltage, and high operational stability remains an enormous challenge. Furthermore, even though di-n-decyldinaphtho[2,3-b:2',3'-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (C10-DNTT) is known to have very high mobility as an air-stable and high-performance organic semiconductor, the C10-DNTT-based TFTs on the PI gate dielectrics still showed relatively low mobility. Here, inspired by alkyl side chain engineering, we design and synthesize a series of PI materials with different alkyl side chain lengths and systematically investigate the PI surface properties and the evolution of organic semiconductor morphology deposited on PI surfaces during the variation of alkyl side chain lengths. It is found that the alkyl side chain length has a critical influence on the PI surface properties, as well as the grain size and molecular orientation of semiconductors. Good field-effect characteristics are obtained with high mobilities (up to 1.05 and 5.22 cm2/Vs, which are some of the best values reported to date), relatively low operating voltage, hysteresis-free behavior, and high operational stability in OTFTs. These results suggest that the strategy of optimizing alkyl side-chain lengths opens up a new research avenue for tuning semiconductor growth to enable high mobility and outstanding operational stability of PI-based OTFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotieliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong266071, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin130022, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin130022, P. R. China
| | - Shifang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui230026, P. R. China
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5
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Gong Q, Miao Q. Sensitivity of gas sensors enhanced by functionalization of hexabenzoperylene in solution-processed monolayer organic field effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7046-7049. [PMID: 35647768 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01899c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solution-processed monolayer films consisting of unfunctionalized and functionalized hexabenzoperylenes in a single homogeneous phase have enabled highly sensitive detection of NH3 and NO2 on the basis of organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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6
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Kwon HJ, Tang X, Kim S, Li Z, Wang R, Park BH, Kim C, Kim S, Hong J, Ryu KY, Choi HH, An TK, Lee J, Kim SH. Molecular Engineering of Printed Semiconducting Blends to Develop Organic Integrated Circuits: Crystallization, Charge Transport, and Device Application Analyses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23678-23691. [PMID: 35544719 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-based printing has contributed to the facile deposition of various types of materials, including the building blocks of printed electronics. In particular, solution-processable organic semiconductors (OSCs) are regarded as one of the most fascinating candidates for the fabrication of printed electronics. Herein, we report electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet-printed p- and n-type OSCs, namely 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-PEN) and 6,13-bis((triisopropylsilyl)ethynyl)-5,7,12,14-tetraazapentacene (TIPS-TAP), and their use as single-OSC layers and as OSC mixed p-n layers to fabricate solution-processed p-, n-, and ambipolar-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Use of the dragging mode of EHD jet printing, a process driven under a low electrostatic field with a short nozzle-to-substrate distance, was found to provide favorable conditions for growth of TIPS-PEN and TIPS-TAP crystals. In this way, the similar molecular structures of TIPS-PEN and TIPS-TAP yielded a homogeneous solid solution and showed ambipolar transport properties in OFETs. Therefore, the combination of single- and mixed-OSC layers enabled the preparation of various charge-transported devices from unit to integrated devices (NOT, NAND, NOR, and multivalued logic). Therefore, this fabrication technology can be useful for assisting in the production of OSC layers for practical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok-Jin Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Xiaowu Tang
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Seonghyeon Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhijun Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Rixuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Park
- EMNI Co., Ltd., 14, Seocheon-ro 201beon-gil, Yongin 17111, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheulhwan Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ka Yeon Ryu
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Choi
- Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Techonology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Tae Kyu An
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of IT·Energy Convergence (BK21 Four), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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7
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Jiang H, Zhu S, Cui Z, Li Z, Liang Y, Zhu J, Hu P, Zhang HL, Hu W. High-performance five-ring-fused organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3071-3122. [PMID: 35319036 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecular semiconductors have been paid great attention due to their advantages of low-temperature processability, low fabrication cost, good flexibility, and excellent electronic properties. As a typical example of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors, a single crystal of pentacene shows a high mobility of up to 40 cm2 V-1 s-1, indicating its potential application in organic electronics. However, the photo- and optical instabilities of pentacene make it unsuitable for commercial applications. But, molecular engineering, for both the five-ring-fused building block and side chains, has been performed to improve the stability of materials as well as maintain high mobility. Here, several groups (thiophenes, pyrroles, furans, etc.) are introduced to design and replace one or more benzene rings of pentacene and construct novel five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. In this review article, ∼500 five-ring-fused organic prototype molecules and their derivatives are summarized to provide a general understanding of this catalogue material for application in organic field-effect transistors. The results indicate that many five-ring-fused organic semiconductors can achieve high mobilities of more than 1 cm2 V-1 s-1, and a hole mobility of up to 18.9 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be obtained, while an electron mobility of 27.8 cm2 V-1 s-1 can be achieved in five-ring-fused organic semiconductors. The HOMO-LUMO levels, the synthesis process, the molecular packing, and the side-chain engineering of five-ring-fused organic semiconductors are analyzed. The current problems, conclusions, and perspectives are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Yanqin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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8
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Zhao M, Pun SH, Gong Q, Miao Q. Carbazole‐Fused Polycyclic Aromatics Enabled by Regioselective Scholl Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Sai Ho Pun
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
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9
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Zhao M, Pun SH, Gong Q, Miao Q. Carbazole-Fused Polycyclic Aromatics Enabled by Regioselective Scholl Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24124-24130. [PMID: 34519417 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new carbazole-fused polycyclic aromatics with interesting geometry and useful properties was explored using Scholl reactions. As found from the Scholl reactions of substrates having two carbazole units linked at different positions through o-phenylene, oxidative coupling of carbazole units occurred in a regioselective manner with new carbon-carbon bonds preferably formed at C3 and C4 in N-alkyl carbazoles. A new N-containing aromatic bowl was characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and new p-type organic semiconductors exhibited field effect mobility of up to 0.070 cm2 V-1 s-1 in solution-processed thin-film transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sai Ho Pun
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Harsági N, Keglevich G. The Hydrolysis of Phosphinates and Phosphonates: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102840. [PMID: 34064764 PMCID: PMC8150351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphinic and phosphonic acids are useful intermediates and biologically active compounds which may be prepared from their esters, phosphinates and phosphonates, respectively, by hydrolysis or dealkylation. The hydrolysis may take place both under acidic and basic conditions, but the C-O bond may also be cleaved by trimethylsilyl halides. The hydrolysis of P-esters is a challenging task because, in most cases, the optimized reaction conditions have not yet been explored. Despite the importance of the hydrolysis of P-esters, this field has not yet been fully surveyed. In order to fill this gap, examples of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, as well as the dealkylation of phosphinates and phosphonates, are summarized in this review.
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11
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Deng W, Xiao Y, Lu B, Zhang L, Xia Y, Zhu C, Zhang X, Guo J, Zhang X, Jie J. Water-Surface Drag Coating: A New Route Toward High-Quality Conjugated Small-Molecule Thin Films with Enhanced Charge Transport Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005915. [PMID: 33336501 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electronic properties of organic semiconductor (OSC) thin films are largely determined by their morphologies and crystallinities. However, solution-processed conjugated small-molecule OSC thin films usually exhibit abundant grain boundaries and impure grain orientations because of complex fluid dynamics during solution coating. Here, a novel methodology, water-surface drag coating, is demonstrated to fabricate high-quality OSC thin films with greatly enhanced charge transport properties. This method utilizes the water surface to alter the evaporation dynamics of solution to enlarge the grain size, and a unique drag-coating process to achieve the unidirectional growth of organic crystals. Using 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl)anthradithiophene (Dif-TES-ADT) as an example, thin films with millimeter-sized single-crystal domains and pure crystallographic orientations are achieved, revealing a significant enhancement (4.7 times) of carrier mobility. More importantly, the resulting film can be directly transferred onto any desired flexible substrates, and flexible transistors based on the Dif-TES-ADT thin films show a mobility as high as 16.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 , which represents the highest mobility value for the flexible transistors reported thus far. The method is general for the growth of various high-quality OSC thin films, thus opening up opportunities for high-performance organic flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bei Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yujian Xia
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Jie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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12
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Chen H, Zhang W, Li M, He G, Guo X. Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors: Principles, Applications, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2879-2949. [PMID: 32078296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous interfaces that are ubiquitous in optoelectronic devices play a key role in the device performance and have led to the prosperity of today's microelectronics. Interface engineering provides an effective and promising approach to enhancing the device performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and even developing new functions. In fact, researchers from different disciplines have devoted considerable attention to this concept, which has started to evolve from simple improvement of the device performance to sophisticated construction of novel functionalities, indicating great potential for further applications in broad areas ranging from integrated circuits and energy conversion to catalysis and chemical/biological sensors. In this review article, we provide a timely and comprehensive overview of current efficient approaches developed for building various delicate functional interfaces in OFETs, including interfaces within the semiconductor layers, semiconductor/electrode interfaces, semiconductor/dielectric interfaces, and semiconductor/environment interfaces. We also highlight the major contributions and new concepts of integrating molecular functionalities into electrical circuits, which have been neglected in most previous reviews. This review will provide a fundamental understanding of the interplay between the molecular structure, assembly, and emergent functions at the molecular level and consequently offer novel insights into designing a new generation of multifunctional integrated circuits and sensors toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Weining Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Gen He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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13
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Li H, Wu J, Takahashi K, Ren J, Wu R, Cai H, Wang J, Xin HL, Miao Q, Yamada H, Chen H, Li H. Organic Heterojunctions Formed by Interfacing Two Single Crystals from a Mixed Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10007-10015. [PMID: 31244137 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Organic heterojunctions are widely used in organic electronics and they are composed of semiconductors interfaced together. Good ordering in the molecular packing inside the heterojunctions is highly desired but it is still challenging to interface organic single crystals to form single-crystalline heterojunctions. Here, we describe how organic heterojunctions are formed by interfacing two single crystals from a droplet of a mixed solution containing two semiconductors. Based on crystallization of six organic semiconductors from a droplet on a substrate, two distinct crystallization mechanisms have been recognized in the sense that crystals form at either the top interface between the air and solution or the bottom interface between the substrate and solution. The preference for one interface rather than the other depends on the semiconductor-substrate pair and, for a given semiconductor, it can be switched by changing the substrate, suggesting that the preference is associated with the semiconductor-substrate molecular interaction. Furthermore, simultaneous crystallization of two semiconductors at two different interfaces to reduce their mutual disturbance results in the formation of bilayer single crystals interfaced together for organic heterojunctions. These single-crystalline heterojunctions exhibit ambipolar charge transport in field-effect transistors, with the highest electron mobility of 1.90 cm2 V-1 s-1 and the highest hole mobility of 1.02 cm2 V-1 s-1. Hence, by elucidating the interfacial crystallization events, this work should greatly harvest the solution-grown organic single-crystalline heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Jiake Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Kohtaro Takahashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan
| | - Jie Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Ruihan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Hongyi Cai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Jieru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Huolin L Xin
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories , Hong Kong , China
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Nara Institute of Science and Technology , Ikoma , Nara 630-0192 , Japan
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Hanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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14
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Abstract
N-Heteroacenes and N-heteroarenes are the heterocyclic congeners of the acenes and arenes, in which one or several perimeter C-H bonds have been substituted by pyridine-type nitrogen atoms. They are formally segments out of N-doped nanographenes. Position and number of the nitrogens vary greatly, making N-heteroacenes and N-heteroarenes define a vast class of N-nanographene segments; they display modular electronic and structural properties. The nitrogen atoms in the perimeter lead to finely tunable frontier molecular orbital positions and therefore improved electron affinity and higher oxidative stability but conversely also require and allow different synthetic approaches than those reported for the synthesis of their hydrocarbon and nanographene analogues. The chemistry of N-heteroarenes, despite being known for more than a century, has made significant progress in the last years and established these materials both as powerful n-channel semiconductors in thin film transistors and as useful emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and in photovoltaic devices. The electronegative nitrogen atoms impart a deep LUMO into the azaacenes and azaarenes, improve electron injection, and enable powerful electron transport but also charge separation in bulk-heterojunction type organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. At the same time, azaacenes and azaarenes are fundamentally exciting materials that push the limits of structure and stability, constantly displaying novel topologies and structures as variations of a simple leitmotif; we expect a bright future for esthetically pleasing yet highly functional N-heterocyclic species. Firstly, we discuss novel structures and structural elements that have evolved during the last years in N-heteroacene and N-heteroarene chemistry and delineate their properties. An important aspect is the oligomerization or better multimerization of azaacene and azaarene units into novel and surprising topologies, in which multiple azaarenes or azaacenes are stitched together. Examples are tetrahedral assemblies of tetraazapentacenes but also cyclic tetramers of different types of azaacenes and linearly bent, S-shaped, formally dimeric species. An exciting aspect of the exploration of the structural manifold of azaacenes is their electronic interaction in such assemblies and their solid-state microstructure. A further aspect of this work is the increase in size of the azaacenes and concepts that allow stabilization of the larger congeners. The attachment of four benzo units to the azaacene core is a powerful concept that stabilizes tetraazaheptacenes and should also be useful to achieve persistent tetraazanonacenes. Secondly, we describe the success of N-heteroacenes and N-heteroarenes in organic electronic devices; specifically, the use of symmetrical halogenated tetraazapentacenes as superb n-channel transistor materials with air stable and persistent radical anions as charge carriers; we discuss the structural reason for their success. Use of azaacenes and azaarenes is not restricted to transistors, but they are also applied in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices and in brightly emitting OLEDs. Azaacenes and azaarenes are attractive segments out of hetero-nanographenes and objects of study, starting from fundamental structural and topological questions, ranging to powerful applications in organic electronics. The general interest in azaacenes is witnessed by the constantly increasing number of groups who discover and work on these materials as novel functional and flexible species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Centre of Advanced Materials, Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 and 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
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15
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Li C, Wang Y, Zhang T, Zheng B, Xu J, Miao Q. Tertiary Amines Differentiated from Primary and Secondary Amines by Active Ester-Functionalized Hexabenzoperylene in Field Effect Transistors. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1676-1680. [PMID: 30644643 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report two novel derivatives of hexabenzoperylene (HBP) that are functionalized with ester groups. Methyl acetate functionalized HBP (1) in single crystals self-assembles into a supramolecular nanosheet, which has a two-dimensional π-stack of HBP sandwiched between two layers of ester groups. With the same self-assembly motif, active ester-functionalized HBP (2) in field effect transistors has enabled differentiation of tertiary amines from primary and secondary amines, in agreement with the fact that active ester reacts with primary and secondary amines but not with tertiary amines to form amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiankai Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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16
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17
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18
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Teo YC, Jin Z, Xia Y. Synthesis of Cyclobutadienoid-Fused Phenazines with Strongly Modulated Degrees of Antiaromaticity. Org Lett 2018; 20:3300-3304. [PMID: 29781279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The streamlined synthesis of a series of regioisomeric azaacene analogues containing fused phenazine and antiaromatic cyclobutadienoids (CBDs), using a catalytic arene-oxanorbornene annulation, followed by aromatization is reported. Controlling the fusion patterns allowed strong modulation of local antiaromaticity. Enhancing antiaromaticity in these regioisomeric azaacenes led to stabilized LUMO, reduced band gap, and quenched fluorescence. This synthetic strategy provides a facile means to fuse CBDs with variable degrees of antiaromaticity onto N-heteroarenes to tune their optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yew Chin Teo
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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19
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Hou X, Cheng X, Zhou J, He J, Xu Q, Li H, Li N, Chen D, Lu J. Better Organic Ternary Memory Performance through Self‐Assembled Alkyltrichlorosilane Monolayers on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Surfaces. Chemistry 2017; 23:16393-16400. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Hou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Feng Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Hui He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Feng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Na‐Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Dong‐Yun Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Mei Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Institution Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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20
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Sevrain CM, Berchel M, Couthon H, Jaffrès PA. Phosphonic acid: preparation and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2186-2213. [PMID: 29114326 PMCID: PMC5669239 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphonic acid functional group, which is characterized by a phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms (two hydroxy groups and one P=O double bond) and one carbon atom, is employed for many applications due to its structural analogy with the phosphate moiety or to its coordination or supramolecular properties. Phosphonic acids were used for their bioactive properties (drug, pro-drug), for bone targeting, for the design of supramolecular or hybrid materials, for the functionalization of surfaces, for analytical purposes, for medical imaging or as phosphoantigen. These applications are covering a large panel of research fields including chemistry, biology and physics thus making the synthesis of phosphonic acids a determinant question for numerous research projects. This review gives, first, an overview of the different fields of application of phosphonic acids that are illustrated with studies mainly selected over the last 20 years. Further, this review reports the different methods that can be used for the synthesis of phosphonic acids from dialkyl or diaryl phosphonate, from dichlorophosphine or dichlorophosphine oxide, from phosphonodiamide, or by oxidation of phosphinic acid. Direct methods that make use of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) and that produce a phosphonic acid functional group simultaneously to the formation of the P-C bond, are also surveyed. Among all these methods, the dealkylation of dialkyl phosphonates under either acidic conditions (HCl) or using the McKenna procedure (a two-step reaction that makes use of bromotrimethylsilane followed by methanolysis) constitute the best methods to prepare phosphonic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Sevrain
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Mathieu Berchel
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Hélène Couthon
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Paul-Alain Jaffrès
- CEMCA UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Brest, IBSAM. 6 Avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France
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21
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Cattani-Scholz A. Functional Organophosphonate Interfaces for Nanotechnology: A Review. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25643-25655. [PMID: 28671811 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of interfaces in inorganic-organic device systems depends strongly on understanding both the molecular processes that are involved in surface modification and the effects that such modifications have on the electronic states of the material. In particular, the last several years have seen passivation and functionalization of semiconductor surfaces to be strategies by which to realize devices with superior function by controlling Fermi level energies, band-gap magnitudes, and work functions of semiconducting substrates. Among all of the synthetic routes and deposition methods available for the optimization of functional interfaces in hybrid systems, organophosphonate chemistry has been found to be a powerful tool to control at the molecular level the properties of materials in many different applications. In this Review, we focus on the relevance of organophosphonate chemistry in nanotechnology, giving an overview about some recent advances in surface modification, interface engineering, nanostructure optimization, and biointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cattani-Scholz
- Walter Schottky Institut and Technische Universität München , 85748 Garching, Germany
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22
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Shan B, Miao Q. Molecular design of n-type organic semiconductors for high-performance thin film transistors. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Takahashi K, Shan B, Xu X, Yang S, Koganezawa T, Kuzuhara D, Aratani N, Suzuki M, Miao Q, Yamada H. Engineering Thin Films of a Tetrabenzoporphyrin toward Efficient Charge-Carrier Transport: Selective Formation of a Brickwork Motif. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8211-8218. [PMID: 28186397 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabenzoporphyrin (BP) is a p-type organic semiconductor characterized by the large, rigid π-framework, excellent stability, and good photoabsorption capability. These characteristics make BP and its derivatives prominent active-layer components in organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, the control of the solid-state arrangement of BP frameworks, especially in solution-processed thin films, has not been intensively explored, and charge-carrier mobilities observed in BP-based materials have stayed relatively low as compared to those in the best organic molecular semiconductors. This work concentrates on engineering the solid-state packing of a BP derivative, 5,15-bis(triisopropylsilyl)ethynyltetrabenzoporphyrin (TIPS-BP), toward achieving efficient charge-carrier transport in its solution-processed thin films. The effort leads to the selective formation of a brickwork packing that has two dimensionally extended π-staking. The maximum field-effect hole mobility in the resulting films reaches 1.1 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is approximately 14 times higher than the record value for pristine free-base BP (0.070 cm2 V-1 s-1). This achievement is enabled mainly through the optimization of three factors; namely, deposition process, cast solvent, and self-assembled monolayer that constitutes the dielectric surface. On the other hand, polarized-light microscopy and grazing-incident wide-angle X-ray diffraction analyses show that there remains some room for improvement in the in-plane homogeneity of molecular alignment, suggesting even higher charge-carrier mobilities can be obtained upon further optimization. These results will provide a useful basis for the polymorph engineering and morphology optimization in solution-processed organic molecular semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohtaro Takahashi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Bowen Shan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuaijun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tomoyuki Koganezawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) , SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology , 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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24
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Zhang G, Rominger F, Zschieschang U, Klauk H, Mastalerz M. Facile Synthetic Approach to a Large Variety of Soluble Diarenoperylenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:14840-14845. [PMID: 27428573 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fused, extended π-systems such as larger acenes and heteroacenes are interesting compounds for organic thin-film transistors (TFTs). The larger the number of linearly cata-fused rings, the lower the stability of the acenes. By peri-fusion of additional rings, the stabilities can significantly be increased. Here we present a facile approach to use a diborylated dihydroanthracene as precursor to get diareno-fused perylenes in just two steps in high yields. The compounds show pronounced packing in the crystalline states by π-stacking. Promising candidates have been used to fabricate p-channel TFTs by vacuum sublimation showing field-effect mobilities up to 0.12 cm2 V-1 s-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Zschieschang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 273, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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25
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Sen R, Escorihuela J, Smulders MMJ, Zuilhof H. Use of Ambient Ionization High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Kinetic Analysis of Organic Surface Reactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3412-9. [PMID: 27028705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to homogeneous systems, studying the kinetics of organic reactions on solid surfaces remains a difficult task due to the limited availability of appropriate analysis techniques that are general, high-throughput, and capable of offering quantitative, structural surface information. Here, we demonstrate how direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) complies with above considerations and can be used for determining interfacial kinetic parameters. The presented approach is based on the use of a MS tag that--in principle--allows application to other reactions. To show the potential of DART-MS, we selected the widely applied strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) as a model reaction to elucidate the effects of the nanoenvironment on the interfacial reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickdeb Sen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M J Smulders
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University , Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Prisawong P, Zalar P, Reuveny A, Matsuhisa N, Lee W, Yokota T, Someya T. Vacuum Ultraviolet Treatment of Self-Assembled Monolayers: A Tool for Understanding Growth and Tuning Charge Transport in Organic Field-Effect Transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:2049-2054. [PMID: 26754961 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum ultraviolet irradiation is used as a tool to systematically study the morphology, growth, and performance of small-molecule organic field-effect transistors. The surface energy can be carefully and precisely tuned by varying the dose of irradiation, allowing for the systematic study of the growth of an emerging organic semiconductor. This technique helps to methodically control the morphology and performance of organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollawat Prisawong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Peter Zalar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Amir Reuveny
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Wonryung Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokota
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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27
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Engelhart JU, Paulus F, Schaffroth M, Vasilenko V, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Bunz UHF. Halogenated Symmetrical Tetraazapentacenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Properties. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1198-205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens U. Engelhart
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Paulus
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Schaffroth
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vladislav Vasilenko
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Li J, Zhang Q. Linearly Fused Azaacenes: Novel Approaches and New Applications Beyond Field-Effect Transistors (FETs). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28049-28062. [PMID: 25992713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Replacing the CH groups in the backbones of acenes with heteroatoms offers scientists greater opportunities to tune their properties, as the type, position, number, and the valence of the introduced heteroatoms have strong effects on the frontier orbital energy levels. When the heteroatoms are nitrogen atoms, all of the resulting materials are called azaacenes. Recently, the synthesis, structure, physical properties, and applications of azaacene derivatives have been intensively investigated. This review focuses on recent synthetic efforts (since 2013) toward making novel azaacenes as well as their potential applications beyond field-effect transistors (FETs) including organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), memory devices, phototransistors, solar cells, photoelectrical chemical cells, sensors, and conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Xu X, Xiao T, Gu X, Yang X, Kershaw SV, Zhao N, Xu J, Miao Q. Solution-Processed Ambipolar Organic Thin-Film Transistors by Blending p- and n-Type Semiconductors: Solid Solution versus Microphase Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28019-26. [PMID: 25886029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report solid solution of p- and n-type organic semiconductors as a new type of p-n blend for solution-processed ambipolar organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). This study compares the solid-solution films of silylethynylated tetraazapentacene 1 (acceptor) and silylethynylated pentacene 2 (donor) with the microphase-separated films of 1 and 3, a heptagon-embedded analogue of 2. It is found that the solid solutions of (1)x(2)1-x function as ambipolar semiconductors, whose hole and electron mobilities are tunable by varying the ratio of 1 and 2 in the solid solution. The OTFTs of (1)0.5(2)0.5 exhibit relatively balanced hole and electron mobilities comparable to the highest values as reported for ambipolar OTFTs of stoichiometric donor-acceptor cocrystals and microphase-separated p-n bulk heterojunctions. The solid solution of (1)0.5(2)0.5 and the microphase-separated blend of 1:3 (0.5:0.5) in OTFTs exhibit different responses to light in terms of absorption and photoeffect of OTFTs because the donor and acceptor are mixed at molecular level with π-π stacking in the solid solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephen V Kershaw
- Department of Physics and Materials Science and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Shan L, Liu D, Li H, Xu X, Shan B, Xu JB, Miao Q. Monolayer Field-Effect Transistors of Nonplanar Organic Semiconductors with Brickwork Arrangement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:3418-3423. [PMID: 25914257 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Danqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bowen Shan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Bin Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Jones AOF, Knauer P, Resel R, Ringk A, Strohriegl P, Werzer O, Sferrazza M. Thermal Stability and Molecular Ordering of Organic Semiconductor Monolayers: Effect of an Anchor Group. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:1712-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Single-crystal field-effect transistors of new Cl2-NDI polymorph processed by sublimation in air. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5954. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Yang S, Liu D, Xu X, Miao Q. Molecular packing and n-channel thin film transistors of chlorinated cyclobuta[1,2-b:3,4-b′]diquinoxalines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4275-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00537j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of chlorine substituents into cyclobuta[1,2-b:3,4-b′]diquinoxaline leads to tunable molecular packing motifs and n-type organic semiconductors with a field effect mobility of up to 0.42 cm2 V−1 s−1 in thin film transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijun Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- China
| | - Danqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry
- the Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- China
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee)
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Liu D, He Z, Su Y, Diao Y, Mannsfeld SCB, Bao Z, Xu J, Miao Q. Self-assembled monolayers of cyclohexyl-terminated phosphonic acids as a general dielectric surface for high-performance organic thin-film transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:7190-7196. [PMID: 25205623 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201402822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on AlOy /TiOx is terminated with cyclohexyl groups, an unprecedented terminal group for all kinds of SAMs. The SAM-modified AlOy /TiOx functions as a general dielectric, enabling organic thin-film transistors with a field-effect mobility higher than 5 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) for both holes and electrons, good air stability with low operating voltage, and general applicability to solution-processed and vacuum-deposited n-type and p-type organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Miao Q. Ten years of N-heteropentacenes as semiconductors for organic thin-film transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5541-5549. [PMID: 24585514 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Introducing N atoms to the pentacene backbone leads to N-heteropentacenes, whose properties can be tuned by changing the number, position and valence state of N atoms in the pentacene backbone. With a rapid development in recent years, N-heteropentacenes and their derivatives have arisen as a new family of organic semiconductors with high performance in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). This article reviews the research efforts of developing N-heteropentacenes into organic semiconductors starting from 2003 with emphasis on the work of the author's group since 2009. The structure-property relationship and design rationale are highlighted based on an overview of reported organic semiconductors of N-heteropentacenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, PR China, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme University Grants Committee), Hong Kong, China
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Xu X, Shan B, Kalytchuk S, Xie M, Yang S, Liu D, Kershaw SV, Miao Q. Synthesis, solution-processed thin film transistors and solid solutions of silylethynylated diazatetracenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12828-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04627g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pujari SP, Scheres L, Marcelis ATM, Zuilhof H. Covalent Surface Modification of Oxide Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6322-56. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 583] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidharam P. Pujari
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Luc Scheres
- Surfix B.V. Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Antonius T. M. Marcelis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (The Netherlands)
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (The Netherlands)
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)
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Pujari SP, Scheres L, Marcelis ATM, Zuilhof H. Kovalente Oberflächenmodifikationen von Oxiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidharam P. Pujari
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (Niederlande)
| | | | - Antonius T. M. Marcelis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (Niederlande)
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 26, 6703 HB Wageningen (Niederlande)
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (Saudi‐Arabien)
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Ren T, Xiao J, Wang W, Xu W, Wang S, Zhang X, Wang X, Chen H, Zhao J, Jiang L. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Optical Properties, and Photocurrent Response of Heteroacene Derivatives. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:1943-9. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li J, Li P, Wu J, Gao J, Xiong WW, Zhang G, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction To Approach Diazatwistpentacenes: Synthesis, Structures, Physical Properties, and Self-assembly. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4438-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500400d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Li
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School
of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peizhou Li
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Junkuo Gao
- College
of Materials and Textile, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiong
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Guodong Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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44
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Gao J, Zhang Q. Understanding the Electronic Structure of Larger Azaacenes through DFT Calculations. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Wang C, Wang J, Li PZ, Gao J, Tan SY, Xiong WW, Hu B, Lee PS, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. Synthesis, Characterization, and Non-Volatile Memory Device Application of an N-Substituted Heteroacene. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:779-83. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Zhou K, Dong H, Zhang HL, Hu W. High performance n-type and ambipolar small organic semiconductors for organic thin film transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22448-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the representative development of high performance n-type and ambipolar organic semiconductors (OSCs) in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
| | - Huanli Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hao-li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190, China
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Li J, Gao J, Li G, Xiong W, Zhang Q. Azaisoquinolinones: N Positions Tell You Different Stories in Their Optical Properties. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12760-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402338n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Li
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Junkuo Gao
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Gang Li
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Weiwei Xiong
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Li L, Gao P, Wang W, Müllen K, Fuchs H, Chi L. Growth of Ultrathin Organic Semiconductor Microstripes with Thickness Control in the Monolayer Precision. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12530-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Li L, Gao P, Wang W, Müllen K, Fuchs H, Chi L. Growth of Ultrathin Organic Semiconductor Microstripes with Thickness Control in the Monolayer Precision. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Engelhart JU, Lindner BD, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Bunz UHF. Partially Fluorinated Tetraazaacenes by Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10832-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401824g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens U. Engelhart
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Benjamin D. Lindner
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, FRG
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