1
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Balodis M, Rao Y, Stevanato G, Kellner M, Meibom J, Negroni M, Chmelka BF, Emsley L. Observation of Transient Prenucleation Species of Calcium Carbonate by DNP-Enhanced NMR. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7954-7961. [PMID: 39074399 PMCID: PMC11318035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge of the mechanism by which polymorphic inorganic species, such as carbonates, are formed is crucial to understand and guide the selective crystallization of end products. Recently it has been shown that a key step in the crystallization of calcium carbonate is the formation of intermediate species known as prenucleation clusters. However, the observation of these prenucleation clusters in solution is exceedingly challenging because of their short lifetime and low concentrations. Here, using dissolution DNP-enhanced NMR spectroscopy, we observe signals from prenucleation species of calcium carbonate from which the kinetics of formation and conversion are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martins Balodis
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yu Rao
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Stevanato
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kellner
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Josephine Meibom
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Negroni
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bradley F. Chmelka
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United
States
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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Payam AF, Khalil S, Chakrabarti S. Synthesis and Characterization of MOF-Derived Structures: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310348. [PMID: 38660830 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Due to their facile tunability, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are employed as precursors and templates to construct advanced functional materials with unique and desired chemical, physical, mechanical, and morphological properties. By tuning MOF precursor composition and manipulating conversion processes, various MOF-derived materials commonly known as MOF derivatives can be constructed. The possibility of controlled and predictable properties makes MOF derivatives a preferred choice for numerous advanced technological applications. The innovative synthetic designs besides the plethora of interdisciplinary characterization approaches applicable to MOF derivatives provide the opportunity to perform a myriad of experiments to explore the performance and offer key insight to develop the next generation of advanced materials. Though there are many published works of literature describing various synthesis and characterization techniques of MOF derivatives, it is still not clear how the synthesis mechanism works and what are the best techniques to characterize these materials to probe their properties accurately. In this review, the recent development in synthesis techniques and mechanisms for a variety of MOF derivates such as MOF-derived metal oxides, porous carbon, composites/hybrids, and sulfides is summarized. Furthermore, the details of characterization techniques and fundamental working principles are summarized to probe the structural, mechanical, physiochemical, electrochemical, and electronic properties of MOF and MOF derivatives. The future trends and some remaining challenges in the synthesis and characterization of MOF derivatives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Farokh Payam
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Sameh Khalil
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Supriya Chakrabarti
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast, BT15 1AP, UK
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3
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Nakatani R, Das S, Negishi Y. The structure and application portfolio of intricately architected silver cluster-assembled materials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:9642-9658. [PMID: 38644768 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00905c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Silver Cluster-Assembled Materials (SCAMs) represent a new frontier of crystalline extended solids hallmarked by their customizable structures, commendable stabilities, and unique physical/chemical properties. Since their discovery in 2017, the diversity of organic linkers has endowed SCAMs with ingenious architectures and the application scenario has expanded beyond photoluminescence sensing to environmental sustainability and biomedical applications. It is critically important to chronicle these recent key advances and review the progress of SCAMs that can enable translating the material discoveries into real implementation. Herein, we provide a succinct overview of the trajectory of SCAM research, with crucial insights into atomic-level structural correlations with the phenomena at the nanoscale and discuss the gaps and opportunities that are still open in addition to charting a roadmap for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riki Nakatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Saikat Das
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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4
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Wang H, Hu L, Xie W, Chang J, Zheng C, Li M, Wang Q, Liao H, Liu D, Wei B. Metastable Liquid Properties and Surface Flow Patterns of Ultrahigh Temperature Alloys Explored in Outer Space. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400312. [PMID: 38306324 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The metastable liquid properties and chemical bonds beyond 2000 K remain a huge challenge for ground-based research on liquid materials chemistry. We show the strong undercooling capability, metastable liquid properties and surface wave patterns of refractory Nb-Si and Zr-V binary alloys explored in space environment. The floating droplet of Nb82.7Si17.3 eutectic alloy superheated up to 2338 K exhibited an extreme undercooling of 437 K, approaching the 0.2TE threshold for homogeneous nucleation of liquid-solid reaction. The microgravity state endowed alloy droplets with nearly perfect sphericity and thus ensured the high accuracy to determine metastable undercooled liquid properties. A special kind of swirling flow was induced for liquid alloy owing to Marangoni convection, which resulted in the spiral microstructures on Zr64V36 alloy surface during liquid-solid phase transition. The coupled impacts of surface nucleation and surface flow brought in a novel olivary shape for these binary alloys. Furthermore, the chemical bonds and atomic structures of high temperature liquids were revealed to understand the liquid properties in outer space circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Jian Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Chenhui Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Dingnan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Bingbo Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Space Materials Science and Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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5
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Turhan E, Pötzl C, Keil W, Negroni M, Kouřil K, Meier B, Romero JA, Kazimierczuk K, Goldberga I, Azaïs T, Kurzbach D. Biphasic NMR of Hyperpolarized Suspensions-Real-Time Monitoring of Solute-to-Solid Conversion to Watch Materials Grow. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:19591-19598. [PMID: 37817917 PMCID: PMC10561236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c04198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a key method for the determination of molecular structures. Due to its intrinsically high (i.e., atomistic) resolution and versatility, it has found numerous applications for investigating gases, liquids, and solids. However, liquid-state NMR has found little application for suspensions of solid particles as the resonances of such systems are excessively broadened, typically beyond the detection threshold. Herein, we propose a route to overcoming this critical limitation by enhancing the signals of particle suspensions by >3.000-fold using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) coupled with rapid solid precipitation. For the proof-of-concept series of experiments, we employed calcium phosphate (CaP) as a model system. By d-DNP, we boosted the signals of phosphate 31P spins before rapid CaP precipitation inside the NMR spectrometer, leading to the inclusion of the hyperpolarized phosphate into CaP-nucleated solid particles within milliseconds. With our approach, within only 1 s of acquisition time, we obtained spectra of biphasic systems, i.e., micrometer-sized dilute solid CaP particles coexisting with their solution-state precursors. Thus, this work is a step toward real-time characterization of the solid-solution equilibrium. Finally, integrating the hyperpolarized data with molecular dynamics simulations and electron microscopy enabled us to shed light on the CaP formation mechanism in atomistic detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertan Turhan
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
- University
of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währinger Str. 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christopher Pötzl
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
- University
of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währinger Str. 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Waldemar Keil
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Mattia Negroni
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Karel Kouřil
- Institute
of Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Egenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Benno Meier
- Institute
of Biological Interfaces 4, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Egenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Javier Agustin Romero
- Centre
of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 2c, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | | | - Ieva Goldberga
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière
Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Thierry Azaïs
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière
Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4, place Jussieu, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Dennis Kurzbach
- Institute
of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, Vienna 1090, Austria
- University
of Vienna, Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Währinger Str. 42, Vienna 1090, Austria
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6
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Cousin SF, Hughes CE, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Mollica G, Harris KDM, Pinon AC, Thureau P. Exploiting solid-state dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy to establish the spatial distribution of polymorphic phases in a solid material. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10121-10128. [PMID: 37772100 PMCID: PMC10530703 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02063k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-state DNP NMR can enhance the ability to detect minor amounts of solid phases within heterogenous materials. Here we demonstrate that NMR contrast based on the transport of DNP-enhanced polarization can be exploited in the challenging case of early detection of a small amount of a minor polymorphic phase within a major polymorph, and we show that this approach can yield quantitative information on the spatial distribution of the two polymorphs. We focus on the detection of a minor amount (<4%) of polymorph III of m-aminobenzoic acid within a powder sample of polymorph I at natural isotopic abundance. Based on proposed models of the spatial distribution of the two polymorphs, simulations of 1H spin diffusion allow NMR data to be calculated for each model as a function of particle size and the relative amounts of the polymorphs. A comparison between simulated and experimental NMR data allows the model(s) best representing the spatial distribution of the polymorphs in the system to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK,
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM Marseille France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR Marseille France
- Institut Universitaire de France Paris France
| | | | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT Wales UK,
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Swedish NMR Center, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg SE-405 30 Sweden
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7
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Ghosh Biswas R, Soong R, Jenne A, Bastawrous M, Simpson MJ, Simpson AJ. SASSY NMR: Simultaneous Solid and Solution Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216105. [PMID: 36588093 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synergism between different phases gives rise to chemical, biological or environmental reactivity, thus it is increasingly important to study samples intact. Here, SASSY (SimultAneous Solid and Solution spectroscopY) is introduced to simultaneously observe (and differentiate) all phases in multiphase samples using standard, solid-state NMR equipment. When monitoring processes, the traditional approach of studying solids and liquids sequentially, can lead to information in the non-observed phase being missed. SASSY solves this by observing the full range of materials, from crystalline solids, through gels, to pure liquids, at full sensitivity in every scan. Results are identical to running separate 13 C CP-MAS solid-state and 13 C solution-state experiments back-to-back but requires only a fraction of the spectrometer time. After its introduction, SASSY is applied to process monitoring and finally to detect all phases in a living freshwater shrimp. SASSY is simple to implement and thus should find application across all areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshree Ghosh Biswas
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Ronald Soong
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Amy Jenne
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Monica Bastawrous
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - André J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
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8
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Barison A, Biswas RG, Ning P, Kock FVC, Soong R, Di Medeiros MCB, Simpson A, Lião LM. Introducing comprehensive multiphase NMR for the analysis of food: Understanding the hydrothermal treatment of starch-based foods. Food Chem 2022; 397:133800. [PMID: 35914461 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cooking is essential for preparing starch-based food, however thermal treatment promotes the complexation of biopolymers, impacting their final properties. Comprehensive Multiphase (CMP) NMR allows all phases (liquids, gels, and solids) to be differentiated and monitored within intact samples. This study acts as a proof-of-principle to introduce CMP-NMR to food research and demonstrate its application to monitor the various phases in spaghetti, black turtle beans, and white long-grain rice, and how they change during the cooking process. When uncooked, only a small fraction of lipids and structurally bound water show any molecular mobility. Once cooked, little "crystalline solid" material is left, and all components exhibit increased molecular dynamics. Upon cooking, the solid-like components in spaghetti contains signals consistent with cellulose that were buried beneath the starches in the uncooked product. Thus, CMP-NMR holds potential for the study of food and related processes involving phase changes such as growth, manufacturing, and composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andersson Barison
- NMR Centre, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rajshree Ghosh Biswas
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paris Ning
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flávio Vinícius Crizóstomo Kock
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronald Soong
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Carolina Bezerra Di Medeiros
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Andre Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Luciano Morais Lião
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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9
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Juramy M, Vioglio PC, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Thureau P, Mollica G. Monitoring the influence of additives on the crystallization processes of glycine with dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 122:101836. [PMID: 36327551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization is fundamental in many domains, and the investigation of the sequence of solid phases produced as a function of crystallization time is thus key to understand and control crystallization processes. Here, we used a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance strategy to monitor the crystallization process of glycine, which is a model compound in polymorphism, under the influence of crystallizing additives, such as methanol or sodium chloride. More specifically, our strategy is based on a combination of low-temperatures and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to trap and detect transient crystallizing forms, which may be present only in low quantities. Interestingly, our results show that these additives yield valuable DNP signal enhancements even in the absence of glycerol within the crystallizing solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Juramy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France
| | | | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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10
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Juramy M, Mollica G. Recent Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Strategies for Time-Resolved Atomic-Level Investigation of Crystallization from Solution. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Scheidel S, Östreicher L, Mark I, Pöppler AC. You cannot fight the pressure: Structural rearrangements of active pharmaceutical ingredients under magic angle spinning. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2022; 60:572-582. [PMID: 35277897 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a versatile analytical tool to study polymorphs and phase transitions of pharmaceutical molecules and products, this work summarizes examples of spontaneous and unexpected (and unwanted) structural rearrangements and phase transitions (amorphous-to-crystalline and crystalline-to-crystalline) under magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions, some of them clearly being due to the pressure experienced by the samples. It is widely known that such changes can often be detected by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD); here, the capability of solid-state NMR experiments with a special focus on 1 H-13 C frequency-switched Lee-Goldburg heteronuclear correlation (FSLG HETCOR)/MAS NMR experiments to detect even subtle changes on a molecular level not observable by conventional 1D NMR experiments or XRPD is presented. Furthermore, it is shown that a polymorphic impurity combined with MAS can induce a crystalline-to-crystalline phase transition. This showcases that solid-state NMR is not always noninvasive and such changes upon MAS should be considered in particular when compounds are studied over longer time spans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Scheidel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laurina Östreicher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mark
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Mix A, Lamm JH, Schwabedissen J, Gebel E, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. Monitoring dynamic pre-crystallization aggregation processes in solution by VT-DOSY-NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3465-3468. [PMID: 35014642 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05925d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Equimolar mixtures of pyridine (Py) with para-halotetrafluoropyridine (BrTFP and ITFP) were investigated by VT-diffusion NMR experiments. The formation of a halogen-bond-stabilized ITFP·Py complex was detected upon cooling a solution in methylcyclohexane-d14 to 260 K; this allows monitoring a halogen-bond-driven aggregation process preceding crystallization in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mix
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
| | - Jan Schwabedissen
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
| | - Erich Gebel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie (ACS) and Centre for Molecular Materials (CM2), Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld D-33615, Germany.
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13
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Abstract
Many of the proposed applications of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials may fail to materialize if the community does not fully address the difficult fundamental work needed to map out the 'time gap' in the literature - that is, the lack of investigation into the time-dependent behaviours of MOFs as opposed to equilibrium or steady-state properties. Although there are a range of excellent investigations into MOF dynamics and time-dependent phenomena, these works represent only a tiny fraction of the vast number of MOF studies. This Review provides an overview of current research into the temporal evolution of MOF structures and properties by analysing the time-resolved experimental techniques that can be used to monitor such behaviours. We focus on innovative techniques, while also discussing older methods often used in other chemical systems. Four areas are examined: MOF formation, guest motion, electron motion and framework motion. In each area, we highlight the disparity between the relatively small amount of (published) research on key time-dependent phenomena and the enormous scope for acquiring the wider and deeper understanding that is essential for the future of the field.
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14
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Juramy M, Chèvre R, Cerreia Vioglio P, Ziarelli F, Besson E, Gastaldi S, Viel S, Thureau P, Harris KDM, Mollica G. Monitoring Crystallization Processes in Confined Porous Materials by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6095-6103. [PMID: 33856790 PMCID: PMC8154530 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Establishing mechanistic understanding of crystallization processes at the molecular level is challenging, as it requires both the detection of transient solid phases and monitoring the evolution of both liquid and solid phases as a function of time. Here, we demonstrate the application of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced NMR spectroscopy to study crystallization under nanoscopic confinement, revealing a viable approach to interrogate different stages of crystallization processes. We focus on crystallization of glycine within the nanometric pores (7-8 nm) of a tailored mesoporous SBA-15 silica material with wall-embedded TEMPO radicals. The results show that the early stages of crystallization, characterized by the transition from the solution phase to the first crystalline phase, are straightforwardly observed using this experimental strategy. Importantly, the NMR sensitivity enhancement provided by DNP allows the detection of intermediate phases that would not be observable using standard solid-state NMR experiments. Our results also show that the metastable β polymorph of glycine, which has only transient existence under bulk crystallization conditions, remains trapped within the pores of the mesoporous SBA-15 silica material for more than 200 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Juramy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Romain Chèvre
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Eric Besson
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | | | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales CF10 3AT, U. K
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15
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In situ NMR reveals real-time nanocrystal growth evolution via monomer-attachment or particle-coalescence. Nat Commun 2021; 12:229. [PMID: 33431908 PMCID: PMC7801738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20512-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding inorganic nanocrystal (NC) growth dynamic pathways under their native fabrication environment remains a central goal of science, as it is crucial for rationalizing novel nanoformulations with desired architectures and functionalities. We here present an in-situ method for quantifying, in real time, NCs' size evolution at sub-nm resolution, their concentration, and reactants consumption rate for studying NC growth mechanisms. Analyzing sequential high-resolution liquid-state 19F-NMR spectra obtained in-situ and validating by ex-situ cryoTEM, we explore the growth evolution of fluoride-based NCs (CaF2 and SrF2) in water, without disturbing the synthesis conditions. We find that the same nanomaterial (CaF2) can grow by either a particle-coalescence or classical-growth mechanism, as regulated by the capping ligand, resulting in different crystallographic properties and functional features of the fabricated NC. The ability to reveal, in real time, mechanistic pathways at which NCs grow open unique opportunities for tunning the properties of functional materials.
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16
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Jones CL, Hughes CE, Yeung HHM, Paul A, Harris KDM, Easun TL. Exploiting in situ NMR to monitor the formation of a metal-organic framework. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1486-1494. [PMID: 34163912 PMCID: PMC8179150 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04892e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation processes of metal-organic frameworks are becoming more widely researched using in situ techniques, although there remains a scarcity of NMR studies in this field. In this work, the synthesis of framework MFM-500(Ni) has been investigated using an in situ NMR strategy that provides information on the time-evolution of the reaction and crystallization process. In our in situ NMR study of MFM-500(Ni) formation, liquid-phase 1H NMR data recorded as a function of time at fixed temperatures (between 60 and 100 °C) afford qualitative information on the solution-phase processes and quantitative information on the kinetics of crystallization, allowing the activation energies for nucleation (61.4 ± 9.7 kJ mol-1) and growth (72.9 ± 8.6 kJ mol-1) to be determined. Ex situ small-angle X-ray scattering studies (at 80 °C) provide complementary nanoscale information on the rapid self-assembly prior to MOF crystallization and in situ powder X-ray diffraction confirms that the only crystalline phase present during the reaction (at 90 °C) is phase-pure MFM-500(Ni). This work demonstrates that in situ NMR experiments can shed new light on MOF synthesis, opening up the technique to provide better understanding of how MOFs are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey L Jones
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Hamish H-M Yeung
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alison Paul
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Timothy L Easun
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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17
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Ben Shir I, Kababya S, Zax DB, Schmidt A. Resilient Intracrystalline Occlusions: A Solid-State NMR View of Local Structure as It Tunes Bulk Lattice Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13743-13755. [PMID: 32689791 PMCID: PMC7586327 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In many marine organisms, biomineralization-the crystallization of calcium-based ionic lattices-demonstrates how regulated processes optimize for diverse functions, often via incorporation of agents from the precipitation medium. We study a model system consisting of l-aspartic acid (Asp) which when added to the precipitation solution of calcium carbonate crystallizes the thermodynamically disfavored polymorph vaterite. Though vaterite is at best only kinetically stable, that stability is tunable, as vaterite grown with Asp at high concentration is both thermally and temporally stable, while vaterite grown at 10-fold lower Asp concentration, yet 2-fold less in the crystal, spontaneously transforms to calcite. Solid-state NMR shows that Asp is sparsely occluded within vaterite and calcite. CP-REDOR NMR reveals that each Asp is embedded in a perturbed occlusion shell of ∼8 disordered carbonates which bridge to the bulk. In both the as-deposited vaterites and the evolved calcite, the perturbed shell contains two sets of carbonate species distinguished by their proximity to the amine and identifiable based on 13C chemical shifts. The embedding shell and the occluded Asp act as an integral until which minimally rearranges even as the bulk undergoes extensive reorganization. The resilience of these occlusion units suggests that large Asp-free domains drive the vaterite to calcite transformation-which are retarded by the occlusion units, resulting in concentration-dependent lattice stability. Understanding the structure and properties of the occlusion unit, uniquely amenable to ssNMR, thus appears to be a key to explaining other macroscopic properties, such as hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Ben Shir
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Shifi Kababya
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - David B. Zax
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Asher Schmidt
- Schulich
Faculty of Chemistry and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
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18
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Meldrum FC, O'Shaughnessy C. Crystallization in Confinement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001068. [PMID: 32583495 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many crystallization processes of great importance, including frost heave, biomineralization, the synthesis of nanomaterials, and scale formation, occur in small volumes rather than bulk solution. Here, the influence of confinement on crystallization processes is described, drawing together information from fields as diverse as bioinspired mineralization, templating, pharmaceuticals, colloidal crystallization, and geochemistry. Experiments are principally conducted within confining systems that offer well-defined environments, varying from droplets in microfluidic devices, to cylindrical pores in filtration membranes, to nanoporous glasses and carbon nanotubes. Dramatic effects are observed, including a stabilization of metastable polymorphs, a depression of freezing points, and the formation of crystals with preferred orientations, modified morphologies, and even structures not seen in bulk. Confinement is also shown to influence crystallization processes over length scales ranging from the atomic to hundreds of micrometers, and to originate from a wide range of mechanisms. The development of an enhanced understanding of the influence of confinement on crystal nucleation and growth will not only provide superior insight into crystallization processes in many real-world environments, but will also enable this phenomenon to be used to control crystallization in applications including nanomaterial synthesis, heavy metal remediation, and the prevention of weathering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Meldrum
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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19
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A brief introduction to the basics of NMR spectroscopy and selected examples of its applications to materials characterization. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that gives information on the local magnetic field around atomic nuclei. Since the local magnetic field of the nucleus is directly influenced by such features of the molecular structure as constitution, configuration, conformation, intermolecular interactions, etc., NMR can provide exhaustive information on the chemical structure, which is unrivaled by any other analytical method. Starting from the 1950s, NMR spectroscopy first revolutionized organic chemistry and became an indispensable tool for the structure elucidation of small, soluble molecules. As the technique evolved, NMR rapidly conquered other disciplines of chemical sciences. When the analysis of macromolecules and solids also became feasible, the technique turned into a staple in materials characterization, too. All aspects of NMR spectroscopy, including technical and technological development, as well as its applications in natural sciences, have been growing exponentially since its birth. Hence, it would be impossible to cover, or even touch on, all topics of importance related to this versatile analytical tool. In this tutorial, we aim to introduce the reader to the basic principles of NMR spectroscopy, instrumentation, historical development and currently available brands, practical cost aspects, sample preparation, and spectrum interpretation. We show a number of advanced techniques relevant to materials characterization. Through a limited number of examples from different fields of materials science, we illustrate the immense scope of the technique in the analysis of materials. Beyond our inherently limited introduction, an ample list of references should help the reader to navigate further in the field of NMR spectroscopy.
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20
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Xu BB, Zhou M, Zhang R, Ye M, Yang LY, Huang R, Wang HF, Wang XL, Yao YF. Solvent Water Controls Photocatalytic Methanol Reforming. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3738-3744. [PMID: 32315184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of different solvent molecules for practical solid-liquid heterogeneous photocatalytic reactions is critical for determining the pathway of the reaction. In this study, the operando nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method, combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, was employed to evaluate the control effect of solvent water in the photocatalytic reforming mechanism of methanol with a Pt-TiO2 catalyst. Results indicate that the presence of water effectively promotes the formation of the HCHO intermediate but inhibits the H2 evolution originating from the switch of the hydrogen source of the H2 formation from CH3OH to H2O. More interestingly, as detected directly in the ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, a small amount of H2O can dissociate, and the evolved -OH species at Ti5c site can greatly reduce the C-H activation barrier of -CH3O, contributing to the formation of oxidation products (e.g., HOCH2OH and CH3OCH2OH) on the Pt-TiO2 surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Xu
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Man Ye
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Yang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Hai Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xue Lu Wang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Feng Yao
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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21
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Brunner E, Rauche M. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy: an advancing tool to analyse the structure and properties of metal-organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4297-4304. [PMID: 34122887 PMCID: PMC8159446 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00735h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) gain increasing interest due to their outstanding properties like extremely high porosity, structural variability, and various possibilities for functionalization. Their overall structure is usually determined by diffraction techniques. However, diffraction is often not sensitive for subtle local structural changes and ordering effects as well as dynamics and flexibility effects. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy is sensitive for short range interactions and thus complementary to diffraction techniques. Novel methodical advances make ssNMR experiments increasingly suitable to tackle the above mentioned problems and challenges. NMR spectroscopy also allows study of host-guest interactions between the MOF lattice and adsorbed guest species. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and interactions is particularly important with respect to applications such as gas and liquid separation processes, gas storage, and others. Special in situ NMR experiments allow investigation of properties and functions of MOFs under controlled and application-relevant conditions. The present minireview explains the potential of various solid-state and in situ NMR techniques and illustrates their application to MOFs by highlighting selected examples from recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Marcus Rauche
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
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22
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Hughes CE, Walkley B, Gardner LJ, Walling SA, Bernal SA, Iuga D, Provis JL, Harris KDM. Exploiting in-situ solid-state NMR spectroscopy to probe the early stages of hydration of calcium aluminate cement. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 99:1-6. [PMID: 30772677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-field in-situ solid-state NMR study of the hydration of CaAl2O4 (the most important hydraulic phase in calcium aluminate cement), based on time-resolved measurements of solid-state 27Al NMR spectra during the early stages of the reaction. A variant of the CLASSIC NMR methodology, involving alternate recording of direct-excitation and MQMAS 27Al NMR spectra, was used to monitor the 27Al species present in both the solid and liquid phases as a function of time. Our results provide quantitative information on the changes in the relative amounts of 27Al sites with tetrahedral coordination (the anhydrous reactant phase) and octahedral coordination (the hydrated product phases) as a function of time, and reveal significantly different kinetic and mechanistic behaviour of the hydration reaction at the different temperatures (20 °C and 60 °C) studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Brant Walkley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Laura J Gardner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Samuel A Walling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Susan A Bernal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK; School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - John L Provis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AT, UK.
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23
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Thureau P, Juramy M, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Mollica G. Brute-force solvent suppression for DNP studies of powders at natural isotopic abundance. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 99:15-19. [PMID: 30836289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A method based on highly concentrated radical solutions is investigated for the suppression of the NMR signals arising from solvents that are usually used for dynamic nuclear polarization experiments. The presented method is suitable in the case of powders, which are impregnated with a radical-containing solution. It is also demonstrated that the intensity and the resolution of the signals due to the sample of interest is not affected by the high concentration of radicals. The method proposed here is therefore valuable when sensitivity is of the utmost importance, namely samples at natural isotopic abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Juramy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Marseille, France
| | - Stephane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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24
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Vioglio PC, Thureau P, Juramy M, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Williams PA, Hughes CE, Harris KDM, Mollica G. A Strategy for Probing the Evolution of Crystallization Processes by Low-Temperature Solid-State NMR and Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1505-1510. [PMID: 30882228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization plays an important role in many areas, and to derive a fundamental understanding of crystallization processes, it is essential to understand the sequence of solid phases produced as a function of time. Here, we introduce a new NMR strategy for studying the time evolution of crystallization processes, in which the crystallizing system is quenched rapidly to low temperature at specific time points during crystallization. The crystallized phase present within the resultant "frozen solution" may be investigated in detail using a range of sophisticated NMR techniques. The low temperatures involved allow dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to be exploited to enhance the signal intensity in the solid-state NMR measurements, which is advantageous for detection and structural characterization of transient forms that are present only in small quantities. This work opens up the prospect of studying the very early stages of crystallization, at which the amount of solid phase present is intrinsically low.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Thureau
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Marie Juramy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM , 13397 Marseille , France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR , 13397 Marseille , France
- Institut Universitaire de France , 75231 Paris , France
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Park Place , Cardiff , Wales CF10 3AT , U.K
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Park Place , Cardiff , Wales CF10 3AT , U.K
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Park Place , Cardiff , Wales CF10 3AT , U.K
| | - Giulia Mollica
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR , 13397 Marseille , France
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25
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Kaabel S, Stein RS, Fomitšenko M, Järving I, Friščić T, Aav R. Size-Control by Anion Templating in Mechanochemical Synthesis of Hemicucurbiturils in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6230-6234. [PMID: 30664335 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Self-organization is one of the most intriguing phenomena of chemical matter. While the self-assembly of macrocycles and cages in dilute solutions has been extensively studied, it remains poorly understood in solvent-free environments. Provided here is the first example of using anionic templates to achieve selective assembly of differently-sized macrocycles in a solvent-free system. Using acid-catalyzed synthesis of cyclohexanohemicucurbiturils as a model, size-controlled, quantitative synthesis of 6- or 8-membered macrocycles by spontaneous anion-directed reorganization of mechanochemically-made oligomers in the solid state is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kaabel
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.,Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Robin S Stein
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Maria Fomitšenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ivar Järving
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Riina Aav
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
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26
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Kaabel S, Stein RS, Fomitšenko M, Järving I, Friščić T, Aav R. Size‐Control by Anion Templating in Mechanochemical Synthesis of Hemicucurbiturils in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kaabel
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of Technology Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Robin S. Stein
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Maria Fomitšenko
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of Technology Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
| | - Ivar Järving
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of Technology Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of ChemistryMcGill University 801 Sherbrooke St. W. Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Riina Aav
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyTallinn University of Technology Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn Estonia
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27
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Hughes CE, Williams PA, Kariuki BM, Harris KDM. Establishing the Transitory Existence of Amorphous Phases in Crystallization Pathways by the CLASSIC NMR Technique. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3341-3345. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colan E. Hughes
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
| | - P. Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT U.K
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28
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Ashbrook SE, Griffin JM, Johnston KE. Recent Advances in Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:485-508. [PMID: 29324182 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to the local atomic-scale environment offers great potential for the characterization of a diverse range of solid materials. Despite offering more information than its solution-state counterpart, solid-state NMR has not yet achieved a similar level of recognition, owing to the anisotropic interactions that broaden the spectral lines and hinder the extraction of structural information. Here, we describe the methods available to improve the resolution of solid-state NMR spectra and the continuing research in this area. We also highlight areas of exciting new and future development, including recent interest in combining experiment with theoretical calculations, the rise of a range of polarization transfer techniques that provide significant sensitivity enhancements, and the progress of in situ measurements. We demonstrate the detailed information available when studying dynamic and disordered solids and discuss the future applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy across the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom;
| | - John M Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Johnston
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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29
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Cerreia Vioglio P, Mollica G, Juramy M, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Thureau P, Harris KDM. Insights into the Crystallization and Structural Evolution of Glycine Dihydrate by In Situ Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6619-6623. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colan E. Hughes
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Park Place Cardiff Wales CF10 3AT UK
| | - P. Andrew Williams
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Park Place Cardiff Wales CF10 3AT UK
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRSCentrale Marseille, FSCM FR1739 Marseille France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR Marseille France
- Institut Universitaire de France Paris France
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30
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Cerreia Vioglio P, Mollica G, Juramy M, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Thureau P, Harris KDM. Insights into the Crystallization and Structural Evolution of Glycine Dihydrate by In Situ Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colan E. Hughes
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Park Place Cardiff Wales CF10 3AT UK
| | - P. Andrew Williams
- School of ChemistryCardiff University Park Place Cardiff Wales CF10 3AT UK
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRSCentrale Marseille, FSCM FR1739 Marseille France
| | - Stéphane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR Marseille France
- Institut Universitaire de France Paris France
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31
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Gaines E, Di Tommaso D. Solvation and Aggregation of Meta-Aminobenzoic Acid in Water: Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics Study. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10010012. [PMID: 29360788 PMCID: PMC5874825 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meta-aminobenzoic acid, an important model system in the study of polymorphism and crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients, exist in water in both the nonionic (mABA) and zwitterionic (mABA±) forms. However, the constituent molecules of the polymorph that crystallizes from aqueous solutions are zwitterionic. This study reports atomistic simulations of the events surrounding the early stage of crystal nucleation of meta-aminobenzoic acid from aqueous solutions. Ab initio molecular dynamics was used to simulate the hydration of mABA± and mABA and to quantify the interaction of these molecules with the surrounding water molecules. Density functional theory calculations were conducted to determine the low-lying energy conformers of meta-aminobenzoic acid dimers and to compute the Gibbs free energies in water of nonionic, (mABA)2, zwitterionic, (mABA±)2, and nonionic-zwitterionic, (mABA)(mABA±), species. Classical molecular dynamics simulations of mixed mABA–mABA± aqueous solutions were carried out to examine the aggregation of meta-aminobenzoic acid. According to these simulations, the selective crystallization of the polymorphs whose constituent molecules are zwitterionic is driven by the formation of zwitterionic dimers in solution, which are thermodynamically more stable than (mABA)2 and (mABA)(mABA±) pairs. This work represents a paradigm of the role of molecular processes during the early stages of crystal nucleation in affecting polymorph selection during crystallization from solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Gaines
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Devis Di Tommaso
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Materials Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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32
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Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ, Soong R. Environmental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: An Overview and a Primer. Anal Chem 2017; 90:628-639. [PMID: 29131590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is a versatile tool for the study of structure and interactions in environmental media such as air, soil, and water as well as monitoring the metabolic responses of living organisms to an ever changing environment. Part review, part perspective, and part tutorial, this Feature is aimed at nonspecialists who are interested in learning more about the potential and impact of NMR spectroscopy in environmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- André J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M1C 1A4
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M1C 1A4
| | - Ronald Soong
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , Toronto, Ontario, Canada , M1C 1A4
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33
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Zilka M, Dudenko DV, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Sturniolo S, Franks WT, Pickard CJ, Yates JR, Harris KDM, Brown SP. Ab initio random structure searching of organic molecular solids: assessment and validation against experimental data. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25949-25960. [PMID: 28944393 PMCID: PMC5779078 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04186a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the capability of using the DFT-D ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS) method to generate crystal structures of organic molecular materials, focusing on a system (m-aminobenzoic acid; m-ABA) that is known from experimental studies to exhibit abundant polymorphism. Within the structural constraints selected for the AIRSS calculations (specifically, centrosymmetric structures with Z = 4 for zwitterionic m-ABA molecules), the method is shown to successfully generate the two known polymorphs of m-ABA (form III and form IV) that have these structural features. We highlight various issues that are encountered in comparing crystal structures generated by AIRSS to experimental powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data and solid-state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR data, demonstrating successful fitting for some of the lowest energy structures from the AIRSS calculations against experimental low-temperature powder XRD data for known polymorphs of m-ABA, and showing that comparison of computed and experimental solid-state NMR parameters allows different hydrogen-bonding motifs to be discriminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Zilka
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Dmytro V Dudenko
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. and School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Simone Sturniolo
- Scientific Computing Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
| | - W Trent Franks
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Chris J Pickard
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jonathan R Yates
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK.
| | - Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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34
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Pindelska E, Sokal A, Kolodziejski W. Pharmaceutical cocrystals, salts and polymorphs: Advanced characterization techniques. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:111-146. [PMID: 28931472 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of a novel drug development is to obtain it with optimal physiochemical, pharmaceutical and biological properties. Pharmaceutical companies and scientists modify active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which often are cocrystals, salts or carefully selected polymorphs, to improve the properties of a parent drug. To find the best form of a drug, various advanced characterization methods should be used. In this review, we have described such analytical methods, dedicated to solid drug forms. Thus, diffraction, spectroscopic, thermal and also pharmaceutical characterization methods are discussed. They all are necessary to study a solid API in its intrinsic complexity from bulk down to the molecular level, gain information on its structure, properties, purity and possible transformations, and make the characterization efficient, comprehensive and complete. Furthermore, these methods can be used to monitor and investigate physical processes, involved in the drug development, in situ and in real time. The main aim of this paper is to gather information on the current advancements in the analytical methods and highlight their pharmaceutical relevance.
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35
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Bryce DL. NMR crystallography: structure and properties of materials from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance observables. IUCRJ 2017; 4:350-359. [PMID: 28875022 PMCID: PMC5571798 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252517006042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This topical review provides a brief overview of recent developments in NMR crystallography and related NMR approaches to studying the properties of molecular and ionic solids. Areas of complementarity with diffraction-based methods are underscored. These include the study of disordered systems, of dynamic systems, and other selected examples where NMR can provide unique insights. Highlights from the literature as well as recent work from my own group are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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36
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Deshmukh R, Niederberger M. Mechanistic Aspects in the Formation, Growth and Surface Functionalization of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Organic Solvents. Chemistry 2017; 23:8542-8570. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Deshmukh
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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37
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Brus J, Albrecht W, Lehmann F, Geier J, Czernek J, Urbanova M, Kobera L, Jegorov A. Exploring the Molecular-Level Architecture of the Active Compounds in Liquisolid Drug Delivery Systems Based on Mesoporous Silica Particles: Old Tricks for New Challenges. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2070-2078. [PMID: 28485970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A general, easy-to-implement strategy for mapping the structure of organic phases integrated in mesoporous silica drug delivery devices is presented. The approach based on a few straightforward solid-state NMR techniques has no limitations regarding concentrations of the active compounds and enables straightforward discrimination of various organic phases. This way, among a range of typical arrangements of the active compounds and solvent molecules, a unique, previously unknown organogel phase of the self-assembled tapentadol in glucofurol as a solvent was unveiled and clearly identified. Subsequently, with an aid of 2D 1H-1H MAS NMR and high-level quantum-chemical calculations this uncommon low-molecular-weight organogel phase, existing exclusively in the porous system of the silica carrier, was described in detail. The optimized model revealed the tendency of tapentadol molecules to form hydrophobic arrangements through -OH···π interactions combined with π-π stacking occurring in the core of API aggregates, thus precluding the formation of hydrogen bonds with the solvent. Overall, the proposed experimental approach allows for clear discrimination of a variety of local structures of active compounds loaded in mesoporous silica drug delivery devices in reasonably short time being applicable for advancement of novel drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | - Frank Lehmann
- Ratiopharm GmbH , Graf-Arco-Str. 3, 89079 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Geier
- Ratiopharm GmbH , Graf-Arco-Str. 3, 89079 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jiri Czernek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Urbanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Heyrovsky sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alexand Jegorov
- Teva Czech Industries s.r.o. , Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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38
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Qi L, Alamillo R, Elliott WA, Andersen A, Hoyt DW, Walter ED, Han KS, Washton NM, Rioux RM, Dumesic JA, Scott SL. Operando Solid-State NMR Observation of Solvent-Mediated Adsorption-Reaction of Carbohydrates in Zeolites. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Alamillo
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | | | - Amity Andersen
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - David W. Hoyt
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Eric D. Walter
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kee Sung Han
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Nancy M. Washton
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | | | - James A. Dumesic
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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39
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Harris KDM, Hughes CE, Williams PA, Edwards-Gau GR. `NMR Crystallization': in-situ NMR techniques for time-resolved monitoring of crystallization processes. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2017; 73:137-148. [PMID: 28257007 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229616019811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a well-established and versatile technique for studying the structural and dynamic properties of solids, and there is considerable potential to exploit the power and versatility of solid-state NMR for in-situ studies of chemical processes. However, a number of technical challenges are associated with adapting this technique for in-situ studies, depending on the process of interest. Recently, an in-situ solid-state NMR strategy for monitoring the evolution of crystallization processes has been developed and has proven to be a promising approach for identifying the sequence of distinct solid forms present as a function of time during crystallization from solution, and for the discovery of new polymorphs. The latest development of this technique, called `CLASSIC' NMR, allows the simultaneous measurement of both liquid-state and solid-state NMR spectra as a function of time, thus yielding complementary information on the evolution of both the liquid phase and the solid phase during crystallization from solution. This article gives an overview of the range of NMR strategies that are currently available for in-situ studies of crystallization processes, with examples of applications that highlight the potential of these strategies to deepen our understanding of crystallization phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
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40
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Harris KDM. Explorations in the Dynamics of Crystalline Solids and the Evolution of Crystal Formation Processes. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Xu Y, Champion L, Gabidullin B, Bryce DL. A kinetic study of mechanochemical halogen bond formation by in situ31P solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9930-9933. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In situ
31P solid-state NMR studies of mechanochemical halogen bond formation provide insights into the cocrystallisation process and an estimate of the activation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijue Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Lysiane Champion
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
- Université de Poitiers
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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42
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Reddy GNM, Huqi A, Iuga D, Sakurai S, Marsh A, Davis JT, Masiero S, Brown SP. Co-existence of Distinct Supramolecular Assemblies in Solution and in the Solid State. Chemistry 2016; 23:2315-2322. [PMID: 27897351 PMCID: PMC5396329 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The formation of distinct supramolecular assemblies, including a metastable species, is revealed for a lipophilic guanosine (G) derivative in solution and in the solid state. Structurally different G‐quartet‐based assemblies are formed in chloroform depending on the nature of the cation, anion and the salt concentration, as characterized by circular dichroism and time course diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy data. Intriguingly, even the presence of potassium ions that stabilize G‐quartets in chloroform was insufficient to exclusively retain such assemblies in the solid state, leading to the formation of mixed quartet and ribbon‐like assemblies as revealed by fast magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. Distinct N−H⋅⋅⋅N and N−H⋅⋅⋅O intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions drive quartet and ribbon‐like self‐assembly resulting in markedly different 2D 1H solid‐state NMR spectra, thus facilitating a direct identification of mixed assemblies. A dissolution NMR experiment confirmed that the quartet and ribbon interconversion is reversible–further demonstrating the changes that occur in the self‐assembly process of a lipophilic nucleoside upon a solid‐state to solution‐state transition and vice versa. A systematic study for complexation with different cations (K+, Sr2+) and anions (picrate, ethanoate and iodide) emphasizes that the existence of a stable solution or solid‐state structure may not reflect the stability of the same supramolecular entity in another phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Manjunatha Reddy
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of, Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Aida Huqi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dinu Iuga
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of, Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Satoshi Sakurai
- JEOL (UK), Silver Court, Watchmead, Welwyn Garden City, AL7 1LT, UK
| | - Andrew Marsh
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of, Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jeffery T Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Stefano Masiero
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Steven P Brown
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of, Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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43
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Li X, Tapmeyer L, Bolte M, van de Streek J. Crystallographic and Dynamic Aspects of Solid-State NMR Calibration Compounds: Towards ab Initio NMR Crystallography. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2496-502. [PMID: 27276509 PMCID: PMC5096255 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The excellent results of dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) calculations for static systems have been well established over the past decade. The introduction of dynamics into DFT-D calculations is a target, especially for the field of molecular NMR crystallography. Four (13) C ss-NMR calibration compounds are investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, molecular dynamics and DFT-D calculations. The crystal structure of 3-methylglutaric acid is reported. The rotator phases of adamantane and hexamethylbenzene at room temperature are successfully reproduced in the molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated (13) C chemical shifts of these compounds are in excellent agreement with experiment, with a root-mean-square deviation of 2.0 ppm. It is confirmed that a combination of classical molecular dynamics and DFT-D chemical shift calculation improves the accuracy of calculated chemical shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Li
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lukas Tapmeyer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jacco van de Streek
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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44
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Li X, Tapmeyer L, Bolte M, van de Streek J. Crystallographic and Dynamic Aspects of Solid-State NMR Calibration Compounds: Towards ab Initio NMR Crystallography. Chemphyschem 2016. [PMID: 27276509 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.17.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The excellent results of dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) calculations for static systems have been well established over the past decade. The introduction of dynamics into DFT-D calculations is a target, especially for the field of molecular NMR crystallography. Four (13) C ss-NMR calibration compounds are investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, molecular dynamics and DFT-D calculations. The crystal structure of 3-methylglutaric acid is reported. The rotator phases of adamantane and hexamethylbenzene at room temperature are successfully reproduced in the molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated (13) C chemical shifts of these compounds are in excellent agreement with experiment, with a root-mean-square deviation of 2.0 ppm. It is confirmed that a combination of classical molecular dynamics and DFT-D chemical shift calculation improves the accuracy of calculated chemical shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Li
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lukas Tapmeyer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jacco van de Streek
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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45
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Harris KDM. New in situ solid-state NMR strategies for exploring materials formation and adsorption processes: prospects in heterogenous catalysis. APPLIED PETROCHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13203-016-0152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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46
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Gaines E, Maisuria K, Di Tommaso D. The role of solvent in the self-assembly of m-aminobenzoic acid: a density functional theory and molecular dynamics study. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00130k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Balk A, Holzgrabe U, Meinel L. 'Pro et contra' ionic liquid drugs - Challenges and opportunities for pharmaceutical translation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:291-304. [PMID: 26070389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with a melting point below 100°C. Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are transformed into ILs by combining them with typically large yet charged counterions. ILs hold promise to build a large design space for relevant pharmaceutical parameters, particularly for poorly water soluble drugs. It is for this wide design space that ILs may be the entry into the fascinating vision of modifying physico-chemical properties without the need to structurally modify the active pharmaceutical ingredient itself. This extremely intriguing pharmaceutical option is critically discussed including its potential and limitations. The review is starting off with an introduction to the metathesis and characterization of ILs, and leads over to examples for pharmaceutical application, including enhancement of dissolution rate and kinetic solubility and hygroscopicity adaptation, respectively. Tuning biopharmaceutics and toxicology by proper IL design is another focus. The review connects the interrelated chemical, physical, pharmaceutical, and toxicological outcome of API-ILs, serving as guidance for the formulation scientist who aims at expanding ones armamentarium for poorly water soluble APIs while avoiding structural modification, thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Balk
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute for Pharmacy, Am Hubland, University of Würzburg, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Harris KDM, Hughes CE, Williams PA. Monitoring the evolution of crystallization processes by in-situ solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2015; 65:107-113. [PMID: 25542671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization processes play a crucial role in many aspects of biological and physical sciences. Progress in deepening our fundamental understanding of such processes relies, to a large extent, on the development and application of new experimental strategies that allow direct in-situ monitoring of the process. In this paper, we give an overview of an in-situ solid-state NMR strategy that we have developed in recent years for monitoring the time-evolution of different polymorphic forms (or other solid forms) that arise as the function of time during crystallization from solution. The background to the strategy is described and several examples of the application of the technique are highlighted, focusing on both the evolution of different polymorphs during crystallization and the discovery of new polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D M Harris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK.
| | - Colan E Hughes
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
| | - P Andrew Williams
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales, UK
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Hughes CE, Williams PA, Keast VL, Charalampopoulos VG, Edwards-Gau GR, Harris KDM. New in situ solid-state NMR techniques for probing the evolution of crystallization processes: pre-nucleation, nucleation and growth. Faraday Discuss 2015; 179:115-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00215f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of in situ techniques for investigating crystallization processes promises to yield significant new insights into fundamental aspects of crystallization science. With this motivation, we recently developed a new in situ solid-state NMR technique that exploits the ability of NMR to selectively detect the solid phase in heterogeneous solid–liquid systems (of the type that exist during crystallization from solution), with the liquid phase “invisible” to the measurement. As a consequence, the technique allows the first solid particles produced during crystallization to be observed and identified, and allows the evolution of different solid phases (e.g., polymorphs) present during the crystallization process to be monitored as a function of time. This in situ solid-state NMR strategy has been demonstrated to be a powerful approach for establishing the sequence of solid phases produced during crystallization and for the discovery of new polymorphs. The most recent advance of the in situ NMR methodology has been the development of a strategy (named “CLASSIC NMR”) that allows both solid-state NMR and liquid-state NMR spectra to be measured (essentially simultaneously) during the crystallization process, yielding information on the complementary changes that occur in both the solid and liquid phases as a function of time. In this article, we present new results that highlight the application of our in situ NMR techniques to successfully unravel different aspects of crystallization processes, focusing on: (i) the application of a CLASSIC NMR approach to monitor competitive inclusion processes in solid urea inclusion compounds, (ii) exploiting liquid-state NMR to gain insights into co-crystal formation between benzoic acid and pentafluorobenzoic acid, and (iii) applications of in situ solid-state NMR for the discovery of new solid forms of trimethylphosphine oxide and l-phenylalanine. Finally, the article discusses a number of important fundamental issues relating to practical aspects, the interpretation of results and the future scope of these techniques, including: (i) an assessment of the smallest size of solid particle that can be detected in in situ solid-state NMR studies of crystallization, (ii) an appraisal of whether the rapid sample spinning required by the NMR measurement technique may actually influence or perturb the crystallization behaviour, and (iii) a discussion of factors that influence the sensitivity and time-resolution of in situ solid-state NMR experiments.
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Mandala VS, Loewus SJ, Mehta MA. Monitoring Cocrystal Formation via In Situ Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3340-3344. [PMID: 26278442 DOI: 10.1021/jz501699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the mechanism of organic cocrystal formation remains elusive. Techniques that interrogate a reacting system in situ are preferred, though experimentally challenging. We report here the results of a solid-state in situ NMR study of the spontaneous formation of a cocrystal between a pharmaceutical mimic (caffeine) and a coformer (malonic acid). Using (13)C magic angle spinning NMR, we show that the formation of the cocrystal may be tracked in real time. We find no direct evidence for a short-lived, chemical shift-resolved amorphous solid intermediate. However, changes in the line width and line center of the malonic acid methylene resonance, in the course of the reaction, provide subtle clues to the mode of mass transfer that underlies cocrystal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Mandala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States
| | - Sarel J Loewus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States
| | - Manish A Mehta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, 119 Woodland Street, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, United States
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