1
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Sihver W, Walther M, Ullrich M, Nitt-Weber AK, Böhme J, Reissig F, Saager M, Zarschler K, Neuber C, Steinbach J, Kopka K, Pietzsch HJ, Wodtke R, Pietzsch J. Cyclohexanediamine Triazole (CHDT) Functionalization Enables Labeling of Target Molecules with Al 18F/ 68Ga/ 111In. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:1402-1416. [PMID: 39185789 PMCID: PMC11417994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The Al18F-labeling approach offers a one-step access to radiofluorinated biomolecules by mimicking the labeling process for radiometals. Although these labeling conditions are considered to be mild compared to classic radiofluorinations, improvements of the chelating units have led to the discovery of (±)-H3RESCA, which allows Al18F-labeling already at ambient temperature. While the suitability of (±)-H3RESCA for functionalization and radiofluorination of proteins is well established, its use for small molecules or peptides is less explored. Herein, we advanced this acyclic pentadentate ligand by introducing an alkyne moiety for the late-stage functionalization of biomolecules via click chemistry. We show that in addition to Al18F-labeling, the cyclohexanediamine triazole (CHDT) moiety allows stable complexation of 68Ga and 111In. Three novel CHDT-functionalized PSMA inhibitors were synthesized and their Al18F-, 68Ga-, and 111In-labeled analogs were subjected to a detailed in vitro radiopharmacological characterization. Stability studies in vitro in human serum revealed among others a high kinetic inertness of all radiometal complexes. Furthermore, the Al18F-labeled PSMA ligands were characterized for their biodistribution in a LNCaP derived tumor xenograft mouse model by PET imaging. One radioligand, Al[18F]F-CHDT-PSMA-1, bearing a small azidoacetyl linker at the glutamate-urea-lysine motif, provided an in vivo performance comparable to that of [18F]PSMA-1007 but with even higher tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios at 120 min p.i. Overall, our results highlight the suitability of the novel CHDT moiety for functionalization and radiolabeling of small molecules or peptides with Al18F, 68Ga, and 111In and the triazole ring seems to entail favorable pharmacokinetic properties for molecular imaging purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Sihver
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Walther
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Nitt-Weber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jenny Böhme
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Falco Reissig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Magdalena Saager
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristof Zarschler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische
Universität Dresden, School of Science,
Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische
Universität Dresden, School of Science,
Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical
Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische
Universität Dresden, School of Science,
Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Li W, Zhang X, Zhou J, Di X, Huang D, Ma J, Zhou K, Zhang J, Wang L, Fu H, Cui M. Structure-based discovery of a 4,5-Dihydropyrazole-cored PET ligand for imaging of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) in the brain. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 279:116803. [PMID: 39255641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) regulates programmed cell death and inflammation, contributing to a wide range of human pathologies, including inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer. Despite this, no RIPK1 positron emission tomography (PET) ligand with significant in vivo specificity has been reported to date. In this work, we designed and synthesized a new family of dihydropyrazole-cored ligands suitable for 18F-labeling at the late stage. Among these, WL8 showed a strong binding affinity to RIPK1 (EC50 = 19.9 nM, Kd = 25 nM) and was successfully labeled with 18F in the 6-position of pyridine ring, yielding a high radiochemistry yield of 27.9 % (decay-corrected) and a high molar activity of 18.8-31.2 GBq/μmol. In in vitro autoradiography, [18F]WL8 showed some specific binding in the brain sections of rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model mice. Preliminary PET studies in rat brains revealed that [18F]WL8 could efficiently penetrate the blood-brain barrier and was rapidly washed out. As anticipated, [18F]WL8 exhibited a high initial uptake (brain2min = 4.80 % ID/g) in mouse brains, followed by a rapid washout (brain60min = 0.14 % ID/g), although no clear specific binding to RIPK1 was observed. Moderate in vivo stability was noted for [18F]WL8 in mouse brains with 35.2 % of the parent fraction remaining after 30 min post-administration. Altogether, our work broadens the landscape and offers a new chemotype for RIPK1 PET ligand development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Jingyin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Xuan Di
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Donglan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- Center for Advanced Materials Research & Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, PR China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, PR China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China.
| | - Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China; Center for Advanced Materials Research & Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, PR China
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3
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Hu J, Li Y, Dong C, Wei H, Liao K, Wei J, Zhao C, Chaudhary A, Chen J, Xu H, Zhong K, Liang SH, Wang L, Ye W. Discovery and evaluation of a novel 18F-labeled vasopressin 1a receptor PET ligand with peripheral binding specificity. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:4014-4027. [PMID: 39309503 PMCID: PMC11413668 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The arginine-vasopressin (AVP) hormone plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes, such as hormone secretion, cardiovascular modulation, and social behavior. Recent studies have highlighted the V1a receptor as a promising therapeutic target. In-depth insights into V1a receptor-related pathologies, attained through in vivo imaging and quantification in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS), could significantly advance the development of effective V1a inhibitors. To address this need, we develop a novel V1a-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) ligand, [18F]V1A-2303 ([18F]8), which demonstrates favorable in vitro binding affinity and selectivity for the V1a receptor. Specific tracer binding in peripheral tissues was also confirmed through rigorous cell uptake studies, autoradiography, biodistribution assessments. Furthermore, [18F]8 was employed in PET imaging and arterial blood sampling studies in healthy rhesus monkeys to assess its brain permeability and specificity, whole-body distribution, and kinetic properties. Our research indicated [18F]8 as a valuable tool for noninvasively studying V1a receptors in peripheral organs, and as a foundational element for the development of next-generation, brain-penetrant ligands specifically designed for the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Hu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chenchen Dong
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Huiyi Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Junjie Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ke Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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4
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Giordano A, Provenza AC, Reverchon G, Baldino L, Reverchon E. Lipid-Based Nanocarriers: Bridging Diagnosis and Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1158. [PMID: 39339195 PMCID: PMC11434863 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16091158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Theranostics is a growing field that matches diagnostics and therapeutics. In this approach, drugs and techniques are uniquely coupled to diagnose and treat medical conditions synergically or sequentially. By integrating diagnostic and treatment functions in a single platform, the aim of theranostics is to improve precision medicine by tailoring treatments based on real-time information. In this context, lipid-based nanocarriers have attracted great scientific attention due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and targeting capabilities. The present review highlights the latest research advances in the field of lipid-based nanocarriers for cancer theranostics, exploring several ways of improving in vivo performance and addressing associated challenges. These nanocarriers have significant potential to create new perspectives in the field of nanomedicine and offer promise for a significant step towards more personalized and precise medicine, reducing side effects and improving clinical outcomes for patients. This review also presents the actual barriers to and the possible challenges in the use of nanoparticles in the theranostic field, such as regulatory hurdles, high costs, and technological integration. Addressing these issues through a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach among institutions could be essential for advancing lipid nanocarriers in the theranostic field. Such collaborations can leverage diverse expertise and resources, fostering innovation and overcoming the complex challenges associated with clinical translation. This approach will be crucial for realizing the full potential of lipid-based nanocarriers in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Giordano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.G.); (A.C.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Anna Chiara Provenza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.G.); (A.C.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Giorgio Reverchon
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli, 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Lucia Baldino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.G.); (A.C.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Ernesto Reverchon
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.G.); (A.C.P.); (E.R.)
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5
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Liao K, Chen JH, Ma J, Dong CC, Bi CY, Gao YB, Jiang YF, Wang T, Wei HY, Hou L, Hu JQ, Wei JJ, Zeng CY, Li YL, Yan S, Xu H, Liang SH, Wang L. Preclinical characterization of [ 18F]D 2-LW223: an improved metabolically stable PET tracer for imaging the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in neuroinflammatory rodent models and non-human primates. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01375-9. [PMID: 39210042 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) targeting translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) can be used for the noninvasive detection of neuroinflammation. Improved in vivo stability of a TSPO tracer is beneficial for minimizing the potential confounding effects of radiometabolites. Deuteration represents an important strategy for improving the pharmacokinetics and stability of existing drug molecules in the plasma. This study developed a novel tracer via the deuteration of [18F]LW223 and evaluated its in vivo stability and specific binding in neuroinflammatory rodent models and nonhuman primate (NHP) brains. Compared with LW223, D2-LW223 exhibited improved binding affinity to TSPO. Compared with [18F]LW223, [18F]D2-LW223 has superior physicochemical properties and favorable brain kinetics, with enhanced metabolic stability and reduced defluorination. Preclinical investigations in rodent models of LPS-induced neuroinflammation and cerebral ischemia revealed specific [18F]D2-LW223 binding to TSPO in regions affected by neuroinflammation. Two-tissue compartment model analyses provided excellent model fits and allowed the quantitative mapping of TSPO across the NHP brain. These results indicate that [18F]D2-LW223 holds significant promise for the precise quantification of TSPO expression in neuroinflammatory pathologies of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liao
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jia-Hui Chen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jie Ma
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chen-Chen Dong
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chun-Yang Bi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ya-Biao Gao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuan-Fang Jiang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hui-Yi Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun-Qi Hu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chun-Yuan Zeng
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yin-Long Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sen Yan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Key laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Chronic Disease, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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6
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Li M, Staton C, Ma X, Zhao W, Pan L, Giglio B, Berton HS, Wu Z, Nicewicz DA, Li Z. One-Step Synthesis of [ 18F]Aromatic Electrophile Prosthetic Groups via Organic Photoredox Catalysis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1609-1618. [PMID: 39220691 PMCID: PMC11363353 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
To avoid the harsh conditions that are oftentimes adopted in direct radiofluorination reactions, conjugation of bioactive ligands with 18F-labeled prosthetic groups has become an important strategy to construct novel PET agents under mild conditions when the ligands are structurally sensitive. Prosthetic groups with [18F]fluoroarene motifs are especially appealing because of their stability in physiological environments. However, their preparation can be intricate, often requiring multistep radiosynthesis with functional group conversions to prevent the decomposition of unprotected reactive prosthetic groups during the harsh radiofluorination. Here, we report a general and simple method to generate a variety of highly reactive 18F-labeled electrophiles via one-step organophotoredox-mediated radiofluorination. The method benefits from high step-economy, reaction efficiency, functional group tolerance, and easily accessible precursors. The obtained prosthetic groups have been successfully applied in PET agent construction and subsequent imaging studies, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this synthetic method in promoting imaging and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manshu Li
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Carla Staton
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Xinrui Ma
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Liqin Pan
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ben Giglio
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Haiden S. Berton
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Zhanhong Wu
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - David A. Nicewicz
- Department
of Chemistry University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Zibo Li
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center and Lineberger Comprehensive
Cancer Center, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
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7
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Wang L, Lv Z, Yang L, Wu X, Zhu Y, Liu L, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Nicewicz DA, Wu Z, Chen Y, Li Z. First-in-Human Evaluation of [ 18F]FDOPA Produced by Organo-Photoredox Reactions. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:1160-1165. [PMID: 39023912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Photoredox is a powerful synthetic tool in organic chemistry and has been widely used in various fields, including nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. In particular, acridinium-based organophotoredox radiolabeling has significantly impacted the production and discovery of positron emission tomography (PET) agents. Despite their extensive use in preclinical research, no PET agents synthesized by acridinium photoredox labeling have been tested in humans. [18F]FDOPA is clinically used for tumor diagnosis and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders, but its application is limited by complex synthesis methods, the need for expensive modules, and/or the high cost of consumable materials/cassettes. In this report, we integrated a photoredox labeling unit with an automated module and produced [18F]FDOPA for human study. This research not only represents the first human study of a PET agent generated by acridinium-based organophotoredox reactions but also demonstrates the safety of this novel labeling method, serving as a milestone/reference for the clinical translation of other PET agents generated by this technique in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhiyu Lv
- Department of Neurology Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xuedan Wu
- LED Radiofluidics Corp., 250 Bell Tower Drive, Genome Science Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zhanwen Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Zhanhong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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8
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Chatterjee J, Bandyopadhyay A, Pattabiraman M, Sarkar R. Discovery and development of tyrosine-click (Y-click) reaction for the site-selective labelling of proteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8978-8996. [PMID: 38913168 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01997k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
With the versatile utility of bio-conjugated peptides and proteins in the fields of agriculture, food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry, the design of smart protocols to conjugate and modulate biomolecules becomes highly desirable. During this process, the most important consideration for biochemists is the retention of configurational integrity of the biomolecules. Moreover, this type of bioconjugation of peptide and protein becomes frivolous if the reaction is not performed with precise amino acid residues. Hence, chemo-selective, as well as site-selective reactions, that are biocompatible and possess an appropriate level of reactivity are necessary. Based on click chemistry, there are so many tyrosine (Y) conjugation strategies, such as sulfur-fluoride exchange (SuFEx), sulfur-triazole exchange (SuTEx), coupling with π-allyl palladium complexes, diazonium salts, diazodicarboxyamide-based reagents etc. Among these techniques, diazodicarboxyamide-based Y-conjugation, which is commonly known as the "tyrosine-click (Y-click) reaction", has met the expectations of synthetic and biochemists for the tyrosine-specific functionalization of biomolecules. Over the past one and a half decades, significant progress has been made in the classical organic synthesis approach, as well as its biochemical, photochemical, and electrochemical variants. Despite such progress and increasing importance, the Y-click reaction has not been reviewed to document variations in its methodology, applications, and broad utility. The present article aims to provide a summary of the approaches for the modulation of biomolecules at the hotspot of tyrosine residue by employing the Y-click reaction. The article also highlights its application for the mapping of proteins, imaging of living cells, and in the fields of analytical and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayan Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Chapra Government College, Nadia-741123, West Bengal, India
- Department of Higher Education, Government of West Bengal, India.
| | | | - Rajib Sarkar
- Department of Higher Education, Government of West Bengal, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Muragachha Government College, Nadia-741154, West Bengal, India
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9
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Li Y, Dahl K, Johnström P, Varnäs K, Farde L, Halldin C, Medd A, Maier D, Powell ME, Chen J, Van R, Patel J, Chaudhary A, Gao Y, Song Z, Haider A, Shao Y, Elmore CS, Liang S, Schou M. Radiosynthesis and Evaluation of 11C-Labeled Isoindolone-Based Positive Allosteric Modulators for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2414-2423. [PMID: 39144551 PMCID: PMC11320742 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various neurological diseases, prompting substantial interest in the development of mGluR2-targeted drug candidates. As part of our medicinal chemistry program, we synthesized a series of isoindolone derivatives and assessed their potential as mGluR2 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). Notably, AZ12559322 exhibited high affinity (K i mGluR2 = 1.31 nM) and an excellent in vitro binding specificity of 89% while demonstrating selectivity over other mGluR subtypes (>4000-fold). Autoradiography with the radiolabeled counterpart, [3H]AZ12559322, revealed a heterogeneous accumulation with the highest binding in mGluR2-rich brain regions. Radioligand binding was significantly reduced by pretreatment with nonradioactive mGluR2 PAMs in brains of rats and nonhuman primates. Although positron emission tomography imaging of [11C]AZ12559322 (6a) revealed low brain uptake in a nonhuman primate, this study provides valuable guidance to further design novel isoindolone-based mGluR2 PAMs with improved brain exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Li
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kenneth Dahl
- PET
Science Centre, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D,
AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
| | - Peter Johnström
- PET
Science Centre, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D,
AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
| | - Katarina Varnäs
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
| | - Amy Medd
- Neuroscience,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Donna Maier
- Neuroscience,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Mark E. Powell
- Neuroscience,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Richard Van
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
| | - Jimmy Patel
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yabiao Gao
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Zhendong Song
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019-5251, United States
| | - Charles S. Elmore
- Neuroscience,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| | - Steven Liang
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, 1364 Clifton
Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Magnus Schou
- PET
Science Centre, Precision Medicine and Biosamples, Oncology R&D,
AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
- Department
of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden
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10
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Fernandes EFA, Palner M, Raval NR, Jeppesen TE, Danková D, Bærentzen SL, Werner C, Eilts J, Maric HM, Doose S, Aripaka SS, Kaalund SS, Aznar S, Kjaer A, Schlosser A, Haugaard-Kedström LM, Knudsen GM, Herth MM, Stro Mgaard K. Development of Peptide-Based Probes for Molecular Imaging of the Postsynaptic Density in the Brain. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11975-11988. [PMID: 38981131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD) comprises numerous scaffolding proteins, receptors, and signaling molecules that coordinate synaptic transmission in the brain. Postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) is a master scaffold protein within the PSD and one of its most abundant proteins and therefore constitutes a very attractive biomarker of PSD function and its pathological changes. Here, we exploit a high-affinity inhibitor of PSD-95, AVLX-144, as a template for developing probes for molecular imaging of the PSD. AVLX-144-based probes were labeled with the radioisotopes fluorine-18 and tritium, as well as a fluorescent tag. Tracer binding showed saturable, displaceable, and uneven distribution in rat brain slices, proving effective in quantitative autoradiography and cell imaging studies. Notably, we observed diminished tracer binding in human post-mortem Parkinson's disease (PD) brain slices, suggesting postsynaptic impairment in PD. We thus offer a suite of translational probes for visualizing and understanding PSD-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo F A Fernandes
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Mikael Palner
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Nakul Ravi Raval
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Troels E Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Daniela Danková
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Simone L Bærentzen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Christian Werner
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany
| | - Janna Eilts
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany
| | - Hans M Maric
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians-University, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Sören Doose
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany
| | - Sanjay Sagar Aripaka
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Sanne Simone Kaalund
- Center for Neuroscience and Stereology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 6B, Copenhagen DK-2400, Denmark
| | - Susana Aznar
- Center for Neuroscience and Stereology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 6B, Copenhagen DK-2400, Denmark
- Center for Translational Research, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 4B, Copenhagen DK-2400, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany
| | - Linda M Haugaard-Kedström
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stro Mgaard
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
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11
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Ning J, Du B, Cao S, Liu X, Kong D. Combining Umpolung and Carbon Isotope Exchange Strategies for Accessing Isotopically Labeled α-Keto Acids. Org Lett 2024; 26:5966-5971. [PMID: 38958587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The integration of umpolung and carbon isotope exchange for accessing isotopically labeled α-keto acids through photoredox catalysis is elucidated. This process involves the carbonyl umpolung of C(sp2)-α-keto acids to yield C(sp3)-α-thioketal acids, followed by the carbon isotope exchange of C(sp3)-α-thioketal acids, and ultimately, deprotection to generate carbon-labeled α-keto acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Baoyang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shilong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Duanyang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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12
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Feng M, Norlöff M, Guichard B, Kealey S, D'Anfray T, Thuéry P, Taran F, Gee A, Feuillastre S, Audisio D. Pyridine-based strategies towards nitrogen isotope exchange and multiple isotope incorporation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6063. [PMID: 39025881 PMCID: PMC11258231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Isotopic labeling is at the core of health and life science applications such as nuclear imaging, metabolomics and plays a central role in drug development. The rapid access to isotopically labeled organic molecules is a sine qua non condition to support these societally vital areas of research. Based on a rationally driven approach, this study presents an innovative solution to access labeled pyridines by a nitrogen isotope exchange reaction based on a Zincke activation strategy. The technology conceptualizes an opportunity in the field of isotope labeling. 15N-labeling of pyridines and other relevant heterocycles such as pyrimidines and isoquinolines showcases on a large set of derivatives, including pharmaceuticals. Finally, we explore a nitrogen-to-carbon exchange strategy in order to access 13C-labeled phenyl derivatives and deuterium labeling of mono-substituted benzene from pyridine-2H5. These results open alternative avenues for multiple isotope labeling on aromatic cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maylis Norlöff
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoit Guichard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Steven Kealey
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Timothée D'Anfray
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Thuéry
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antony Gee
- King's College London, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sophie Feuillastre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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13
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Nadporojskii MA, Orlovskaya VV, Fedorova OS, Sysoev DS, Krasikova RN. Automation of Copper-Mediated 18F-Fluorination of Aryl Pinacol Boronates Using 4-Dimethylaminopyridinium Triflate. Molecules 2024; 29:3342. [PMID: 39064920 PMCID: PMC11279627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the copper-mediated radiofluorination of aryl pinacol boronates (arylBPin) using the commercially available, air-stable Cu(OTf)2Py4 catalyst is one of the most efficient synthesis approaches, greatly facilitating access to a range of radiotracers, including drug-like molecules with nonactivated aryl scaffolds. Further adjustment of this methodology, in particular, the [18F]fluoride recovery step for the routine preparation of radiotracers, has been the focus of recent research. In our recent study, an organic solution of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (DMAPOTf) was found to be an efficient PTC for eluting radionuclides retained on the weak anion exchange cartridge, Oasis WAX 1cc, employing the inverse sorption-elution protocol. Notably, the following Cu-mediated radiofluorination of arylBPin precursors in the presence of the Cu(OTf)2(Py)4 catalyst can be performed with high efficiency in the same solvent, bypassing not only the conventional azeotropic drying procedure but any solvent replacement. In the current study, we aimed to translate this methodology, originally developed for remote-controlled operation with manual interventions, into the automated synthesis module on the TRACERlab automation platform. The adjustment of the reagent amounts and solvents allowed for high efficiency in the radiofluorination of a series of model arylBPin substrates on the TRACERlab FXFE Pro synthesis module, which was adapted for nucleophilic radiofluorinations. The practical applicability of the developed radiofluorination approach with DMAPOTf elution was demonstrated in the automated synthesis of 6-L-[18F]FDOPA. The radiotracer was obtained with an activity yield (AY; isolated, not decay-corrected) of 5.2 ± 0.5% (n = 3), with a synthesis time of ca. 70 min on the TRACERlab FX N Pro automation platform. The obtained AY was comparable with one reported by others (6 ± 1%) using the same boronate precursor, while a slightly higher AY of 6-L-[18F]FDOPA (14.5 ± 0.5%) was achieved in our previous work using commercially available Bu4NOTf as the PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A. Nadporojskii
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.A.N.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Viktoriya V. Orlovskaya
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.V.O.); (O.S.F.)
| | - Olga S. Fedorova
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.V.O.); (O.S.F.)
| | - Dmitry S. Sysoev
- Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, 197758 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.A.N.); (D.S.S.)
| | - Raisa N. Krasikova
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.V.O.); (O.S.F.)
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14
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Veth L, Windhorst AD, Vugts DJ. Synthesis of 18F-labeled Aryl Trifluoromethyl Sulfones, -Sulfoxides, and -Sulfides for Positron Emission Tomography. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404278. [PMID: 38656696 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is becoming increasingly important in nuclear medicine and drug discovery. To date, the development of many potential PET tracers is hampered by the lack of suitable synthetic pathways for their preparation. This is particularly true for the highly desired radiolabeling of compounds bearing [18F]CF3-groups. For instance, S(O)nCF3-groups (n=0, 1, 2) serve as structural motif in a range of biologically active compounds, but their radiosynthesis remains largely unprecedented (for n=1, 2). Herein, we describe general methods for the radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled aryl trifluoromethyl sulfones, -sulfoxides, and -sulfides. All three methods are operationally straightforward, start from widely available precursors, i.e., sulfonyl fluorides and thiophenols, and make use of the recently established [18F]Ruppert-Prakash reagent. Further, the syntheses display good functional group tolerance as demonstrated by the 18F-labeling of more than 40 compounds. The applicability of the new method is demonstrated by the radiolabeling of three bioactive molecules, optionally to be used as PET tracers. In a broader context, this work presents a substantial expansion of the chemical space of radiofluorinated structural motifs to be used for the development of new PET tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Veth
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Veth L, Windhorst AD, Vugts DJ. Synthesis of 18F-labelled aryl trifluoromethyl ketones with improved molar activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6801-6804. [PMID: 38869169 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01776e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
A method for the radiosynthesis of 18F-labelled aryl trifluoromethyl ketones starting from widely available Weinreb amides using [18F]fluoroform is presented. The method uses potassium hexamethyldisilazane as base and delivers products in high molar activity (up to 24 GBq μmol-1) and excellent radiochemical conversions. The applicability for PET tracer synthesis is demonstrated by the radiosynthesis of ten (hetero)aryl trifluoromethylketones, bearing electron-withdrawing and -donating substituents including a derivative of bioactive probenecid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Veth
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Dept. of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Ford J, Ortalli S, Chen Z, Sap JBI, Tredwell M, Gouverneur V. Expedient Access to 18F-Fluoroheteroarenes via Deaminative Radiofluorination of Aniline-Derived Pyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404945. [PMID: 38624193 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose that pyridinium salts derived from abundant (hetero)anilines represent a novel precursor class for nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with [18F]fluoride. The value of this new 18F-fluorodeamination is demonstrated with the synthesis of over 30 structurally diverse and complex heteroaryl 18F-fluorides, several derived from scaffolds that were yet to be labelled with fluorine-18. The protocol tolerates heteroarenes and functionalities commonly found in drug discovery libraries, and is amenable to scale-up and automation on a commercial radiosynthesiser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ford
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastiano Ortalli
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zijun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen B I Sap
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Current address: Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- Wales Research and Diagnostic PET Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
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17
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Kaur T, Wright JS, Henderson BD, Godinez J, Shao X, Scott PJH. Automated production of 11C-labeled carboxylic acids and esters via "in-loop" 11C-carbonylation using GE FX synthesis modules. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2024; 67:217-226. [PMID: 37608567 PMCID: PMC10881891 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
An in-loop 11C-carbonylation process for the radiosynthesis of 11C-carboxylic acids and esters from halide precursors has been developed. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under mild conditions and enables 11C-carbonylation of both electron deficient and electron rich (hetero)aromatic halides to provide 11C-carboxylic acids and esters in good to excellent radiochemical yields, high radiochemical purity, and excellent molar activity. The process has been fully automated using commercial radiochemistry synthesis modules, and application to clinical production is demonstrated via validated cGMP radiosyntheses of [11C]bexarotene and [11C]acetoacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanpreet Kaur
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jay S. Wright
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Bradford D. Henderson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jonathan Godinez
- The Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Xia Shao
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Peter J. H. Scott
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- The Interdepartmental Program in Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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18
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Munch M, Mair BA, Adi M, Rotstein BH. Photocatalyzed radiosynthesis of 11C-phenylacetic acids. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2024; 67:211-216. [PMID: 37941130 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast and straightforward incorporation of radionuclides into pharmaceutically relevant molecules is one of the main barriers to preclinical and clinical tracer research. Late-stage direct incorporation of cyclotron-produced [11C]CO2 to afford carbon-11-labeled radiopharmaceuticals has the potential to provide ready-to-inject positron emission tomography agents in less than an hour. The present work describes photocatalyzed carboxylation of alkylbenzene derivatives to afford 11C-phenylacetic acids. Reaction conditions and scope are investigated followed by application of this methodology to the preparative radiosynthesis of [11C]fenoprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Munch
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Braeden A Mair
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myriam Adi
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Rotstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Wu X, Chen W, Deng H, Wang L, Nicewicz DA, Li Z, Wu Z. Manufacturing 6-[ 18F]Fluoro- L-DOPA via Flow Chemistry-Enhanced Photoredox Radiofluorination. Org Lett 2024; 26:4308-4313. [PMID: 38728659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a practical methodology for the synthesis of PET probes by seamlessly combining flow chemistry with photoredox radiofluorination. The clinical PET tracer 6-[18F]FDOPA was smoothly prepared in a 24.3% non-decay-corrected yield with over 99.0% radiochemical purity (RCP) and enantiomeric excess (ee), notably by a simple cartridge-based purification. The flow chemistry-enhanced photolabeling method supplies an efficient and versatile solution for the synthesis of 6-[18F]FDOPA and for more PET tracer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Wu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- LED Radiofluidics Corp., 250 Bell Tower Drive, Genome Science Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Huaifu Deng
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Li Wang
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 South Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Zibo Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Zhanhong Wu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 125 Mason Farm Road, Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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20
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Ortalli S, Ford J, Trabanco AA, Tredwell M, Gouverneur V. Photoredox Nucleophilic (Radio)fluorination of Alkoxyamines. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11599-11604. [PMID: 38651661 PMCID: PMC11066844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a photoredox nucleophilic (radio)fluorination using TEMPO-derived alkoxyamines, a class of substrates accessible in a single step from a diversity of readily available carboxylic acids, halides, alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes, boron reagents, and C-H bonds. This mild and versatile one-electron pathway affords radiolabeled aliphatic fluorides that are typically inaccessible applying conventional nucleophilic substitution technologies due to insufficient reactivity and competitive elimination. Automation of this photoredox process is also demonstrated with a user-friendly and commercially available photoredox flow reactor and radiosynthetic platform, therefore expediting access to labeled aliphatic fluorides in high molar activity (Am) for (pre)clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Ortalli
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Ford
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés A. Trabanco
- Global
Discovery Chemistry, Therapeutics Discovery, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Janssen-Cilag, S.A., E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- Wales Research
and Diagnostic PET Imaging Centre, Cardiff
University, University
Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United
Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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21
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Zhou YP, Wilks MQ, Dhaynaut M, Guehl NJ, Vesper DR, Moon SH, Rice PA, El Fakhri G, Normandin MD, Brugarolas P. Radiosynthesis automation, non-human primate biodistribution and dosimetry of K + channel tracer [ 11C]3MeO4AP. EJNMMI Res 2024; 14:43. [PMID: 38683467 PMCID: PMC11058135 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-024-01092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 4-Aminopyridine (4AP) is a medication for the symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis. Several 4AP-based PET tracers have been developed for imaging demyelination. In preclinical studies, [11C]3MeO4AP has shown promise due to its high brain permeability, high metabolic stability, high plasma availability, and high in vivo binding affinity. To prepare for the translation to human studies, we developed a cGMP-compatible automated radiosynthesis protocol and evaluated the whole-body biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [11C]3MeO4AP in non-human primates (NHPs). METHODS Automated radiosynthesis was carried out using a GE TRACERlab FX-C Pro synthesis module. One male and one female adult rhesus macaques were used in the study. A high-resolution CT from cranial vertex to knee was acquired. PET data were collected using a dynamic acquisition protocol with four bed positions and 13 passes over a total scan time of ~ 150 min. Based on the CT and PET images, volumes of interest (VOIs) were manually drawn for selected organs. Non-decay corrected time-activity curves (TACs) were extracted for each VOI. Radiation dosimetry and effective dose were calculated from the integrated TACs using OLINDA software. RESULTS Fully automated radiosynthesis of [11C]3MeO4AP was achieved with 7.3 ± 1.2% (n = 4) of non-decay corrected radiochemical yield within 38 min of synthesis and purification time. [11C]3MeO4AP distributed quickly throughout the body and into the brain. The organs with highest dose were the kidneys. The average effective dose of [11C]3MeO4AP was 4.0 ± 0.6 μSv/MBq. No significant changes in vital signs were observed during the scan. CONCLUSION A cGMP-compatible automated radiosynthesis of [11C]3MeO4AP was developed. The whole-body biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [11C]3MeO4AP was successfully evaluated in NHPs. [11C]3MeO4AP shows lower average effective dose than [18F]3F4AP and similar average effective dose as other carbon-11 tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Peng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Moses Q Wilks
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Maeva Dhaynaut
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nicolas J Guehl
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Danielle R Vesper
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Moon
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Peter A Rice
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Marc D Normandin
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Pedro Brugarolas
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Bulfinch 051, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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22
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Lin D, Lechermann LM, Huestis MP, Marik J, Sap JBI. Light-Driven Radiochemistry with Fluorine-18, Carbon-11 and Zirconium-89. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317136. [PMID: 38135665 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses recent advances in light-driven radiochemistry for three key isotopes: fluorine-18, carbon-11, and zirconium-89, and their applications in positron emission tomography (PET). In the case of fluorine-18, the predominant approach involves the use of cyclotron-produced [18F]fluoride or reagents derived thereof. Light serves to activate either the substrate or the fluorine-18 labeled reagent. Advancements in carbon-11 photo-mediated radiochemistry have been leveraged for the radiolabeling of small molecules, achieving various transformations, including 11C-methylation, 11C-carboxylation, 11C-carbonylation, and 11C-cyanation. Contrastingly, zirconium-89 photo-mediated radiochemistry differs from fluorine-18 and carbon-11 approaches. In these cases, light facilitates a postlabeling click reaction, which has proven valuable for the labeling of large biomolecules such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). New technological developments, such as the incorporation of photoreactors in commercial radiosynthesizers, illustrate the commitment the field is making in embracing photochemistry. Taken together, these advances in photo-mediated radiochemistry enable radiochemists to apply new retrosynthetic strategies in accessing novel PET radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Current address: University of Southern California Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, 837 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Laura M Lechermann
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Malcolm P Huestis
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jan Marik
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeroen B I Sap
- Department of Translational Imaging, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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23
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Chen J, Li Y, Yu Q, Patel JS, Zhou X, Zhang K, Rong J, Zhao C, Chaudhary AF, Zhang W, Bi C, Song Z, Davenport AT, Daunais JB, Haider A, Collier L, Yuan H, Liang S. Preclinical Evaluation of Azabenzimidazole-Based PET Radioligands for γ-8 Dependent Transmembrane AMPA Receptor Regulatory Protein Imaging. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300813. [PMID: 38227784 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPARs) play a pivotal role in excitatory neurotransmission, particularly in the hippocampus where the TARP γ-8 subunit is enriched and serves as a target for emerging anti-epileptic drugs. To enable in vivo visualization of TARP γ-8 distribution and expression by positron emission tomography (PET), this study focuses on the development of novel 18 F-labeled TARP γ-8 inhibitors and their corresponding precursors, stemming from the azabenzimidazole scaffold. The resulting radioligands [18 F]TARP-2204 and [18 F]TARP-2205 were successfully synthesized with acceptable radiochemical yield, high molar activity, and excellent radiochemical purity. In vitro autoradiography demonstrates high level of specific binding of [18 F]TARP-2205 to TARP γ-8 in both rat and nonhuman primate brain tissues. However, unexpected radiodefluorination in PET imaging studies of rodents emphasizes the need for further structural refinement. This work serves as an excellent starting point for the development of future 18 F-labeled TARP γ-8 PET tracers, offering valuable insights into medicinal chemistry design, radiosynthesis and subsequent PET evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Qingzhen Yu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
| | - Jimmy S Patel
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Ahmad F Chaudhary
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Chunyang Bi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Zhendong Song
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - April T Davenport
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC-27157, USA
| | - James B Daunais
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC-27157, USA
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Lee Collier
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
| | - Steven Liang
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA-02114, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Science, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA-30322, USA
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24
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Lye K, Young RD. A review of frustrated Lewis pair enabled monoselective C-F bond activation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2712-2724. [PMID: 38404400 PMCID: PMC10882520 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) bond activation chemistry has greatly developed over the last two decades since the seminal report of metal-free reversible hydrogen activation. Recently, FLP systems have been utilized to allow monoselective C-F bond activation (at equivalent sites) in polyfluoroalkanes. The problem of 'over-defluorination' in the functionalization of polyfluoroalkanes (where multiple fluoro-positions are uncontrollably functionalized) has been a long-standing chemical problem in fluorocarbon chemistry for over 80 years. FLP mediated monoselective C-F bond activation is complementary to other solutions developed to address 'over-defluorination' and offers several advantages and unique opportunities. This perspective highlights some of these advantages and opportunities and places the development of FLP mediated C-F bond activation into the context of the wider effort to overcome 'over-defluorination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Lye
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Rowan D Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 Australia
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25
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Liu J, Rong J, Wood DP, Wang Y, Liang SH, Lin S. Co-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Alkenes: Photocatalytic Method Development and Electroanalytical Mechanistic Investigation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4380-4392. [PMID: 38300825 PMCID: PMC11219133 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The hydrofluorination of alkenes represents an attractive strategy for the synthesis of aliphatic fluorides. This approach provides a direct means to form C(sp3)-F bonds selectively from readily available alkenes. Nonetheless, conducting hydrofluorination using nucleophilic fluorine sources poses significant challenges due to the low acidity and high toxicity associated with HF and the poor nucleophilicity of fluoride. In this study, we present a new Co(salen)-catalyzed hydrofluorination of simple alkenes utilizing Et3N·3HF as the sole source of both hydrogen and fluorine. This process operates via a photoredox-mediated polar-radical-polar crossover mechanism. We also demonstrated the versatility of this method by effectively converting a diverse array of simple and activated alkenes with varying degrees of substitution into hydrofluorinated products. Furthermore, we successfully applied this methodology to 18F-hydrofluorination reactions, enabling the introduction of 18F into potential radiopharmaceuticals. Our mechanistic investigations, conducted using rotating disk electrode voltammetry and DFT calculations, unveiled the involvement of both carbocation and CoIV-alkyl species as viable intermediates during the fluorination step, and the contribution of each pathway depends on the structure of the starting alkene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Devin P. Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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26
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Lin LQH, Rentería-Gómez Á, Martin RT, Zhang YQ, Ong KZW, Parris AB, Gutierrez O, Koh MJ. Selective 1,2-Hydroarylation(Alkenylation) of gem-Difluoroalkenes to Access (-CF 2 H) Motifs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317935. [PMID: 38117662 PMCID: PMC11076007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
An emerging class of C-C coupling transformations that furnish drug-like building blocks involves catalytic hydrocarbonation of alkenes. However, despite notable advances in the field, hydrocarbon addition to gem-difluoroalkenes without additional electronic activation remains largely unsuccessful. This owes partly to poor reactivity and the propensity of difluoroalkenes to undergo defluorinative side reactions. Here, we report a nickel catalytic system that promotes efficient 1,2-selective hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation, suppressing defluorination and providing straightforward access to a diverse assortment of prized organofluorides bearing difluoromethyl-substituted carbon centers. In contrast to radical-based pathways and reactions triggered by hydrometallation via a nickel-hydride complex, our experimental and computational studies support a mechanism in which a catalytically active nickel-bromide species promotes selective carbonickelation with difluoroalkenes followed by alkoxide exchange and hydride transfer, effectively overcoming the difluoroalkene's intrinsic electronic bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leroy Qi Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | | | - Robert T Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ying-Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Kelvin Zhi Wei Ong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Adam B Parris
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Osvaldo Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
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27
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Hu T, Li B, Yang J, Zhang B, Fang L, Liu Y, Xiao P, Xie Q. Application of geometric shape-based CT field-of-view extension algorithms in an all-digital positron emission tomography/computed tomography system. Med Phys 2024; 51:1034-1046. [PMID: 38103259 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT)-based positron emission tomography (PET) attenuation correction (AC) is a commonly used method in PET AC. However, the CT truncation caused by the subject's limbs outside the CT field-of-view (FOV) leads to errors in PET AC. PURPOSE In order to enhance the quantitative accuracy of PET imaging in the all-digital DigitMI 930 PET/CT system, we assessed the impact of FOV truncation on its image quality and investigated the effectiveness of geometric shape-based FOV extension algorithms in this system. METHODS We implemented two geometric shape-based FOV extension algorithms. By setting the data from different numbers of detector channels on either side of the sinogram to zero, we simulated various levels of truncation. Specific regions of interest (ROI) were selected, and the mean values of these ROIs were calculated to visually compare the differences between truncated CT, CT extended using the FOV extension algorithms, and the original CT. Furthermore, we conducted statistical analyses on the mean and standard deviation of residual maps between truncated/extended CT and the original CT at different levels of truncation. Subsequently, similar data processing was applied to PET images corrected using original CT and those corrected using simulated truncated and extended CT images. This allowed us to evaluate the influence of FOV truncation on the images produced by the DigitMI 930 PET/CT system and assess the effectiveness of the FOV extension algorithms. RESULTS Truncation caused bright artifacts at the CT FOV edge and a slight increase in pixel values within the FOV. When using truncated CT data for PET AC, the PET activity outside the CT FOV decreased, while the extension algorithm effectively reduced these effects. Patient data showed that the activity within the CT FOV decreased by 60% in the truncated image compared to the base image, but this number could be reduced to at least 17.3% after extension. CONCLUSION The two geometric shape-based algorithms effectively eliminate CT truncation artifacts and restore the true distribution of CT shape and PET emission data outside the FOV in the all-digital DigitMI 930 PET/CT system. These two algorithms can be used as basic solutions for CT FOV extension in all-digital PET/CT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Hu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bingxuan Li
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingguo Xie
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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28
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Pang Z, Cravatt BF, Ye L. Deciphering Drug Targets and Actions with Single-Cell and Spatial Resolution. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:507-526. [PMID: 37722721 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-033123-123610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in chemical, molecular, and genetic approaches have provided us with an unprecedented capacity to identify drug-target interactions across the whole proteome and genome. Meanwhile, rapid developments of single-cell and spatial omics technologies are revolutionizing our understanding of the molecular architecture of biological systems. However, a significant gap remains in how we align our understanding of drug actions, traditionally based on molecular affinities, with the in vivo cellular and spatial tissue heterogeneity revealed by these newer techniques. Here, we review state-of-the-art methods for profiling drug-target interactions and emerging multiomics tools to delineate the tissue heterogeneity at single-cell resolution. Highlighting the recent technical advances enabling high-resolution, multiplexable in situ small-molecule drug imaging (clearing-assisted tissue click chemistry, or CATCH), we foresee the integration of single-cell and spatial omics platforms, data, and concepts into the future framework of defining and understanding in vivo drug-target interactions and mechanisms of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Pang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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29
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Bowden G, Scott PJH, Boros E. Radiochemistry: A Hot Field with Opportunities for Cool Chemistry. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2183-2195. [PMID: 38161375 PMCID: PMC10755734 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and concurrent miniaturization of particle accelerators leading to improved access has fueled interest in the development of chemical transformations suitable for short-lived radioactive isotopes on the tracer scale. This recent renaissance of radiochemistry is paired with new opportunities to study fundamental chemical behavior and reactivity of elements to improve their production, separation, and incorporation into bioactive molecules to generate new radiopharmaceuticals. This outlook outlines pertinent challenges in the field of radiochemistry and indicates areas of opportunity for chemical discovery and development, including those of clinically established (C-11, F-18) and experimental radionuclides in preclinical development across the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory
D. Bowden
- Department
of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally
Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard
Karls University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter J. H. Scott
- Department
of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Eszter Boros
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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30
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Korff M, Chaudhary A, Li Y, Zhou X, Zhao C, Rong J, Chen J, Xiao Z, Elghazawy NH, Sippl W, Davenport AT, Daunais JB, Wang L, Abate C, Ahmed H, Crowe R, Schmidt TJ, Liang SH, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B, Haider A. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Enantiomerically Pure ( R) - and ( S) -[18F]OF-NB1 for Imaging the GluN2B Subunit-Containing NMDA Receptors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16018-16031. [PMID: 37979148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
GluN2B subunit-containing N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been implicated in various neurological disorders. Nonetheless, a validated fluorine-18 labeled positron emission tomography (PET) ligand for GluN2B imaging in the living human brain is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to develop a novel synthetic approach that allows an enantiomerically pure radiosynthesis of the previously reported PET radioligands (R)-[18F]OF-NB1 and (S)-[18F]OF-NB1 as well as to assess their in vitro and in vivo performance characteristics for imaging the GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptor in rodents. A novel synthetic approach was successfully developed, which allows for the enantiomerically pure radiosynthesis of (R)-[18F]OF-NB1 and (S)-[18F]OF-NB1 and the translation of the probe to the clinic. While both enantiomers were selective over sigma2 receptors in vitro and in vivo, (R)-[18F]OF-NB1 showed superior GluN2B subunit specificity by in vitro autoradiography and higher volumes of distribution in the rodent brain by small animal PET studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Korff
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Nehal H Elghazawy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, Halle 06120, Germany
| | - April T Davenport
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - James B Daunais
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze Del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, Via Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Hazem Ahmed
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Ron Crowe
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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31
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Yoo CH, DuBois JM, Wang L, Tang Y, Hou L, Xu H, Chen J, Liang SH, Izquierdo-Garcia D, Wey HY. Preliminary Exploration of Pseudo-CT-Based Attenuation Correction for Simultaneous PET/MRI Brain Imaging in Nonhuman Primates. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45438-45446. [PMID: 38075761 PMCID: PMC10702200 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a template-based attenuation correction (AC) for the nonhuman primate (NHP) brain. We evaluated the effects of AC on positron emission tomography (PET) data quantification with two experimental paradigms by comparing the quantitative outcomes obtained using a segmentation-based AC versus template-based AC. Population-based atlas was generated from ten adult rhesus macaques. Bolus experiments using [18F]PF-06455943 and a bolus-infusion experiment using [11C]OMAR were performed on a 3T Siemens PET/magnetic resonance-imaging (MRI). PET data were reconstructed with either μ map obtained from the segmentation-based AC or template-based AC. The standard uptake value (SUV), volume of distribution (VT), or percentage occupancy of rimonabant were calculated for [18F]PF-06455943 and [11C]OMAR PET, respectively. The leave-one-out cross-validation showed that the absolute percentage differences were 2.54 ± 2.86% for all region of interests. The segmentation-based AC had a lower SUV and VT (∼10%) of [18F]PF-06455943 than the template-based method. The estimated occupancy was higher in the template-based method compared to the segmentation-based AC in the bolus-infusion study. However, future studies may be needed if a different reference tissue is selected for data quantification. Our template-based AC approach was successfully developed and applied to the NHP brain. One limitation of this study was that validation was performed by comparing two different MR-based AC approaches without validating against AC methods based on computed tomography (CT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hyeon Yoo
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
| | - Jonathan M. DuBois
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yongjin Tang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Lu Hou
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical
Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Center for Advanced Medical
Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - David Izquierdo-Garcia
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
- Harvard–MIT
Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Bioengineering
Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid 28911, Spain
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula
A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown 02129, United States
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32
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Chen J, Ran W, Huang Y, Wei J, Rong J, Wei H, Li Y, Li G, Chen Z, Collier L, Elghazawy NH, Sippl W, Haider A, Liao K, Dong C, Li Y, Xu H, He W, Wang L, Liang SH. Evaluation of thiadiazine-based PET radioligands for imaging the AMPA receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115842. [PMID: 37925936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a subclass of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors have been implicated in various neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. To further our understanding of AMPA receptor-related disorders in the central nervous system (CNS), it is important to be able to image and quantify AMPA receptors in vivo. In this study, we identified a novel F-containing AMPA positive allosteric modulator (PAM) 6 as a potential lead compound. Molecular docking studies and CNS PET multi-parameter optimization (MPO) analysis were used to predict the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of 6 as a PET probe. The resulting PET probe, [18F]6 (codename [18F]AMPA-2109), was successfully radiolabeled and demonstrated excellent blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and high brain uptake in rodents and non-human primates. However, [18F]6 did not show substantial specific binding in the rodent or non-human primate brain. Further medicinal chemistry efforts are necessary to improve specific binding, and our work may serve as a starting point for the design of novel 18F-labeled AMPA receptor-targeted PET radioligands aimed for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chen
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Wenqing Ran
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yiman Huang
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University School of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Junjie Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Huiyi Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Guocong Li
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lee Collier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nehal H Elghazawy
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, W.-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kai Liao
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Chenchen Dong
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wenpeng He
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University School of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Radiopharmaceuticals, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Röther A, Farmer JC, Portwich FL, Görls H, Kretschmer R. Anion-Dependent Reactivity of Mono- and Dinuclear Boron Cations. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302544. [PMID: 37641815 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The dinuclear bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) borane adduct 2 rapidly reacts with tritylium salts at room temperature but the outcome is strongly impacted by the respective counter-ion. Using tritylium tetrakis(perfluoro-tert-butoxy)aluminate affords - depending on the solvent - either the bis(boronium) ion 4 or the hydride-bridged dication 5. In case of tritylium hexafluorophosphate, however, H/F exchange occurs between boron and phosphorus yielding the dinuclear BF3 adduct 3 along with phosphorus dihydride trifluoride. H/F exchange also takes place when using the mononuclear N-heterocyclic carbene BH3 adduct 6 and hence provides a facile route to PH2 F3 , which is usually synthesized in more complex reaction sequences regularly involving toxic hydrogen fluoride. DFT calculations shed light on the H/F exchange between the borenium ion and the [PF6 ]- counter-ion and the computed mechanism features only small barriers in line with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Röther
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - James C Farmer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Flavio L Portwich
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Kretschmer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
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34
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Deng X, Zhu X. Recent Advances of S- 18F Radiochemistry for Positron Emission Tomography. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37720-37730. [PMID: 37867643 PMCID: PMC10586020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The click chemistry of sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) has facilitated the widespread application of sulfur-fluoride compounds such as sulfonyl fluorides, fluorosulfates, and sulfamoyl fluorides in various fields, especially in the development of 18F ligands for PET (positron emission tomography) imaging. In recent years, the prominent progress of sulfur-[18F]fluoride compounds has been achieved through the combination of 18F and sulfur-fluoride chemistry. These compounds serve as potential 18F tracers, 18F synthons, and reagents for 18F-fluorination, thereby complementing the range of 18F ligands, typically C-18F structures, used in PET studies. This review aims to provide an overview of S-18F labeling reactions through examples of relevant 18F compounds and highlight the advancements and breakthroughs achieved in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
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35
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Rong J, Yamasaki T, Li Y, Kumata K, Zhao C, Haider A, Chen J, Xiao Z, Fujinaga M, Hu K, Mori W, Zhang Y, Xie L, Zhou X, Collier TL, Zhang MR, Liang S. Development of Novel 11C-Labeled Selective Orexin-2 Receptor Radioligands for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1419-1426. [PMID: 37849554 PMCID: PMC10577698 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Orexin 2 receptors (OX2R) represent a vital subtype of orexin receptors intricately involved in the regulation of wakefulness, arousal, and sleep-wake cycles. Despite their importance, there are currently no positron emission tomography (PET) tracers available for imaging the OX2R in vivo. Herein, we report [11C]1 ([11C]OX2-2201) and [11C]2 ([11C]OX2-2202) as novel PET ligands. Both compounds 1 (Ki = 3.6 nM) and 2 (Ki = 2.2 nM) have excellent binding affinity activities toward OX2R and target selectivity (OX2/OX1 > 600 folds). In vitro autoradiography in the rat brain suggested good to excellent in vitro binding specificity for [11C]1 and [11C]2. PET imaging in rat brains indicated that the low brain uptake of [11C]2 may be due to P-glycoprotein and/or breast cancer resistance protein efflux interaction and/or low passive permeability. Continuous effort in medicinal chemistry optimization is necessary to improve the brain permeability of this scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Thomas L. Collier
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department
of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum
Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven Liang
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Division
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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36
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Haveman LYF, Vugts DJ, Windhorst AD. State of the art procedures towards reactive [ 18F]fluoride in PET tracer synthesis. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:28. [PMID: 37824021 PMCID: PMC10570257 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful, non-invasive preclinical and clinical nuclear imaging technique used in disease diagnosis and therapy assessment. Fluorine-18 is the predominant radionuclide used for PET tracer synthesis. An impressive variety of new 'late-stage' radiolabeling methodologies for the preparation of 18F-labeled tracers has appeared in order to improve the efficiency of the labeling reaction. MAIN BODY Despite these developments, one outstanding challenge into the early key steps of the process remains: the preparation of reactive [18F]fluoride from oxygen-18 enriched water ([18O]H2O). In the last decade, significant changes into the trapping, elution and drying stages have been introduced. This review provides an overview of the strategies and recent developments in the production of reactive [18F]fluoride and its use for radiolabeling. CONCLUSION Improved, modified or even completely new fluorine-18 work-up procedures have been developed in the last decade with widespread use in base-sensitive nucleophilic 18F-fluorination reactions. The many promising developments may lead to a few standardized drying methodologies for the routine production of a broad scale of PET tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizeth Y F Haveman
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J Vugts
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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37
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Labiche A, Malandain A, Molins M, Taran F, Audisio D. Modern Strategies for Carbon Isotope Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303535. [PMID: 37074841 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to stable and natural abundant carbon-12, the synthesis of organic molecules with carbon (radio)isotopes must be conceived and optimized in order to navigate through the hurdles of radiochemical requirements, such as high costs of the starting materials, harsh conditions and radioactive waste generation. In addition, it must initiate from the small cohort of available C-labeled building blocks. For long time, multi-step approaches have represented the sole available patterns. On the other side, the development of chemical reactions based on the reversible cleavage of C-C bonds might offer new opportunities and reshape retrosynthetic analysis in radiosynthesis. This review aims to provide a short survey on the recently emerged carbon isotope exchange technologies that provide effective opportunity for late-stage labeling. At present, such strategies have relied on the use of primary and easily accessible radiolabeled C1-building blocks, such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and cyanides, while the activation principles have been based on thermal, photocatalytic, metal-catalyzed and biocatalytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Labiche
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Augustin Malandain
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maxime Molins
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SCBM, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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38
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Xu Z, Zhao Y. 19 F-Labeled Probes for Recognition-Enabled Chromatographic 19 F NMR. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300031. [PMID: 37052541 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The NMR technique is among the most powerful analytical methods for molecular structural elucidation, process monitoring, and mechanistic investigations; however, the direct analysis of complex real-world samples is often hampered by crowded NMR spectra that are difficult to interpret. The combination of fluorine chemistry and supramolecular interactions leads to a unique detection method named recognition-enabled chromatographic (REC) 19 F NMR, where interactions between analytes and 19 F-labeled probes are transduced into chromatogram-like 19 F NMR signals of discrete chemical shifts. In this account, we summarize our endeavor to develop novel 19 F-labeled probes tailored for separation-free multicomponent analysis. The strategies to achieve chiral discrimination, sensitivity enhancement, and automated analyte identification will be covered. The account will also provide a detailed discussion of the underlying principles for the design of molecular probes for REC 19 F NMR where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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39
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Chassé M, Pees A, Lindberg A, Liang SH, Vasdev N. Spirocyclic Iodonium Ylides for Fluorine-18 Radiolabeling of Non-Activated Arenes: From Concept to Clinical Research. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300072. [PMID: 37183954 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging tool for drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, and monitoring of disease progression. Fluorine-18 is the most common radionuclide used for PET, but advances in radiotracer development have been limited by the historical lack of methodologies and precursors amenable to radiolabeling with fluorine-18. Radiolabeling of electron-rich (hetero)aromatic rings remains a long-standing challenge in the production of PET radiopharmaceuticals. In this personal account, we discuss the history of spirocyclic iodonium ylide precursors, from inception to applications in clinical research, for the incorporation of fluorine-18 into complex non-activated (hetero)aromatic rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chassé
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 Kings College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Anna Pees
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Anton Lindberg
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 Kings College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
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40
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Pan S, Ding A, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhan Y, Ye Z, Song N, Peng B, Li L, Huang W, Shao H. Small-molecule probes from bench to bedside: advancing molecular analysis of drug-target interactions toward precision medicine. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5706-5743. [PMID: 37525607 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00056g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, remarkable advances have been witnessed in the development of small-molecule probes. These molecular tools have been widely applied for interrogating proteins, pathways and drug-target interactions in preclinical research. While novel structures and designs are commonly explored in probe development, the clinical translation of small-molecule probes remains limited, primarily due to safety and regulatory considerations. Recent synergistic developments - interfacing novel chemical probes with complementary analytical technologies - have introduced and expedited diverse biomedical opportunities to molecularly characterize targeted drug interactions directly in the human body or through accessible clinical specimens (e.g., blood and ascites fluid). These integrated developments thus offer unprecedented opportunities for drug development, disease diagnostics and treatment monitoring. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the structure and design of small-molecule probes with novel functionalities and the integrated development with imaging, proteomics and other emerging technologies. We further highlight recent applications of integrated small-molecule technologies for the molecular analysis of drug-target interactions, including translational applications and emerging opportunities for whole-body imaging, tissue-based measurement and blood-based analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijun Pan
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Aixiang Ding
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yisi Li
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yaxin Sun
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yueqin Zhan
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zhenkun Ye
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Ning Song
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Lin Li
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Huilin Shao
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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41
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Malandain A, Molins M, Hauwelle A, Talbot A, Loreau O, D'Anfray T, Goutal S, Tournier N, Taran F, Caillé F, Audisio D. Carbon Dioxide Radical Anion by Photoinduced Equilibration between Formate Salts and [ 11C, 13C, 14C]CO 2: Application to Carbon Isotope Radiolabeling. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486080 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The need for carbon-labeled radiotracers is increasingly higher in drug discovery and development (carbon-14, β-, t1/2 = 5730 years) as well as in positron emission tomography (PET) for in vivo molecular imaging applications (carbon-11, β+, t1/2 = 20.4 min). However, the structural diversity of radiotracers is still systematically driven by the narrow available labeled sources and methodologies. In this context, the emergence of carbon dioxide radical anion chemistry might set forth potential unexplored opportunities. Based on a dynamic isotopic equilibration between formate salts and [13C, 14C, 11C]CO2, C-labeled radical anion CO2•- could be accessed under extremely mild conditions within seconds. This methodology was successfully applied to hydrocarboxylation and dicarboxylation reactions in late-stage carbon isotope labeling of pharmaceutically relevant compounds. The relevance of the method in applied radiochemistry was showcased by the whole-body PET biodistribution profile of [11C]oxaprozin in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Malandain
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maxime Molins
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexandre Hauwelle
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Alex Talbot
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Loreau
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Timothée D'Anfray
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sébastien Goutal
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, F-91401 Orsay, France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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42
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Rong J, Haider A, Jeppesen TE, Josephson L, Liang SH. Radiochemistry for positron emission tomography. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3257. [PMID: 37277339 PMCID: PMC10241151 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) constitutes a functional imaging technique that is harnessed to probe biological processes in vivo. PET imaging has been used to diagnose and monitor the progression of diseases, as well as to facilitate drug development efforts at both preclinical and clinical stages. The wide applications and rapid development of PET have ultimately led to an increasing demand for new methods in radiochemistry, with the aim to expand the scope of synthons amenable for radiolabeling. In this work, we provide an overview of commonly used chemical transformations for the syntheses of PET tracers in all aspects of radiochemistry, thereby highlighting recent breakthrough discoveries and contemporary challenges in the field. We discuss the use of biologicals for PET imaging and highlight general examples of successful probe discoveries for molecular imaging with PET - with a particular focus on translational and scalable radiochemistry concepts that have been entered to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Troels E Jeppesen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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43
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Kim MP, Cho H, Kayal S, Jeon MH, Seo JK, Son J, Jeong J, Hong SY, Chun JH. Direct 18F-Fluorosulfurylation of Phenols and Amines Using an [ 18F]FSO 2+ Transfer Agent Generated In Situ. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6263-6273. [PMID: 37032486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the direct radiofluorosulfurylation method for the synthesis of 18F-labeled fluorosulfuryl derivatives from phenols and amines using an [18F]FSO2+ transfer agent generated in situ. Nucleophilic radiofluorination is achieved even in a hydrous organic medium, obviating the need for azeotropic drying and the use of cryptands. This unprecedented, operationally simple isotopic functionalization facilitates the reliable production of potential radiotracers for positron emission tomography, rendering facile access to SuFEx radiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Swatilekha Kayal
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Jeon
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Seo
- UNIST Central Research Facility, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Son
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsil Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung You Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hyun Chun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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44
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Rong J, Zhao C, Xia X, Li G, Haider A, Wei H, Chen J, Xiao Z, Li Y, Zhou X, Xu H, Collier TL, Wang L, Liang SH. Evaluation of [18F]Favipiravir in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates (NHP) with Positron Emission Tomography. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040524. [PMID: 37111280 PMCID: PMC10146102 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant challenge to global public health. In response, the search for specific antiviral drugs that can effectively treat the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has become a priority. While significant progress has been made in this regard, much work remains to address this ongoing crisis effectively. Favipiravir is an antiviral drug initially developed for the treatment of influenza and has received approval for emergency use for COVID-19 in many countries. A better understanding of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of Favipiravir in vivo would facilitate the development and translation of clinical antiviral drugs for COVID-19. Herein, we report the evaluation of [18F]Favipiravir in naive mice, transgenic mice models of Alzheimer’s disease, and nonhuman primates (NHP) with positron emission tomography (PET). The [18F]Favipiravir was obtained in an overall decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 29% with a molar activity of 25 GBq/µmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). PET imaging in naive mice, transgenic mice models of Alzheimer’s disease, and nonhuman primates revealed a low initial brain uptake, followed by a slow washout of [18F]Favipiravir in vivo. The [18F]Favipiravir was eliminated by a combination of hepatobiliary and urinary excretion. The low brain uptake was probably attributed to the low lipophilicity and low passive permeability of the drug. We hope this proof-of-concept study will provide a unique feature to study antiviral drugs using their corresponding isotopologues by PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Chunyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xiaotian Xia
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Guocong Li
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Huiyi Wei
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yinlong Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hao Xu
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Thomas L. Collier
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Center of Cyclotron and PET Radiopharmaceuticals, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Zhou YP, Wilks MQ, Dhaynaut M, Guehl NJ, Moon SH, Fakhri GE, Normandin MD, Brugarolas P. Radiosynthesis automation, non-human primate biodistribution and dosimetry of K + channel tracer [ 11 C]3MeO4AP. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.28.534386. [PMID: 37034655 PMCID: PMC10081174 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.28.534386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose 4-Aminopyridine (4AP) is a medication for the symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis. Several 4AP-based PET tracers have been developed for imaging demyelination. In preclinical studies, [ 11 C]3MeO4AP has shown promise due to its high brain permeability, high metabolic stability, high plasma availability, and high in vivo binding affinity. To prepare for the translation to human studies, we developed a cGMP-compliant automated radiosynthesis protocol and evaluated the whole-body biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [ 11 C]3MeO4AP in non-human primates (NHPs). Methods Automated radiosynthesis was carried out using a GE TRACERlab FX-C Pro synthesis module. One male and one female adult rhesus macaques were used in the study. A high-resolution CT from cranial vertex to knee was acquired. PET data were collected using a dynamic acquisition protocol with 4 bed positions and 13 passes over a total scan time of ∼150 minutes. Based on the CT and PET images, volumes of interest (VOIs) were manually drawn for selected organs. Non-decay corrected time-activity curves (TACs) were extracted for each VOI. Radiation dosimetry and effective dose were calculated from the integrated TACs using OLINDA software. Results Fully automated radiosynthesis of [ 11 C]3MeO4AP was achieved with 7.3 ± 1.2 % (n = 4) of non-decay corrected radiochemical yield within 38 min of synthesis and purification time. [ 11 C]3MeO4AP distributed quickly throughout the body and into the brain. The organs with highest dose were the kidneys. The average effective dose of [ 11 C]3MeO4AP was 4.27 ± 0.57 μSv/MBq. No significant changes in vital signs were observed during the scan. Conclusion The cGMP compliant automated radiosynthesis of [ 11 C]3MeO4AP was developed. The whole-body biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [ 11 C]3MeO4AP was successfully evaluated in NHPs. [ 11 C]3MeO4AP shows lower average effective dose than [ 18 F]3F4AP and similar average effective dose as other carbon-11 tracers.
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Deng X, Wang Z, Zhou H, Liu J, Yu B, Zhu X. Radiosynthesis of 18F-Labeled Arenesulfonyl Fluorides through Two-Bond Construction with [ 18F]Fluoride. Org Lett 2023; 25:1969-1973. [PMID: 36920257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel 18F labeling strategy was developed to directly construct aryl-SO2-18F from arenediazonium tosylates with a SO2 source and [18F]fluoride. This approach is compatible with a wide range of substrates and enabled the production of 18F-labeled drug-like derivatives through late-stage 18F fluorination, representing a significant advance in the radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled arenesulfonyl fluorides. A reactive 18F labeling synthon, bearing a maleimide-based prosthetic group, allowed for the generation of 18F-labeled temperature-sensitive biomolecules containing cysteine residues via maleimide-cysteine chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030 Wuhan, China
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Ramkumar N, Baumane L, Zacs D, Veliks J. Merging Copper(I) Photoredox Catalysis and Iodine(III) Chemistry for the Oxy-monofluoromethylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219027. [PMID: 36692216 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A simple process for the oxy-monofluoromethylation of alkenes is described. In combination with visible-light copper(I) photoredox catalysis, an easily accessible iodine(III) reagent containing monofluoroacetoxy ligands serves as a powerful source of a monofluoromethyl (CH2 F) radical, enabling the step economical synthesis of γ-fluoro-acetates from a broad range of olefinic substrates under mild conditions. Applications to late-stage diversification of alkenes derived from complex molecules, amino acids and the synthesis of fluoromethylated heterocycles are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Ramkumar
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles iela 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Larisa Baumane
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles iela 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Dzintars Zacs
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes iela 3, LV-1076, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Veliks
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles iela 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
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An X, Wang J, Tong L, Zhang X, Fu H, Zhang J, Xie H, Huang Y, Jia H. 18F-Labeled o‑aminopyridyl alkynyl radioligands targeting colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor for neuroinflammation imaging. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 83:117233. [PMID: 36933438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis and evaluation of five o‑aminopyridyl alkynyl derivatives as colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) ligands. Compounds 4 and 5 with the fluoroethoxy group at the meta- or para-position of the phenyl ring possessed nanomolar inhibitory potency against CSF-1R with IC50 values of 7.6 nM and 2.3 nM, respectively. Radioligands [18F]4 and [18F]5 were obtained in radiochemical yields of 17.2 ± 5.3% (n = 5, decay-corrected) and 14.0 ± 4.3% (n = 4, decay-corrected), with radiochemical purity of > 99% and molar activity of 9-12 GBq/μmol (n = 5) and 6-8 GBq/μmol (n = 4), respectively. In biodistribution studies, radioligands [18F]4 and [18F]5 showed moderate brain uptake in male ICR mice with 1.52 ± 0.15 and 0.91 ± 0.07% ID/g, respectively, at 15 min. Metabolic stability studies in mouse brain revealed that [18F]4 exhibited high stability while [18F]5 suffered from low stability. Higher accumulation of [18F]4 in the brain of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice was observed, and further pretreatment of BLZ945 or CPPC led to remarkable reduction, indicating specific binding of [18F]4 to CSF-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan An
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jingqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Linjiang Tong
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Hua Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8048, USA.
| | - Hongmei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Metal-free photocatalyzed cyanation enables access to carbon-11-radiolabeled aryl nitriles. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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50
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Zeng X, Wang C, Yan W, Rong J, Song Y, Xiao Z, Cai A, Liang SH, Liu W. Aryl Radical Enabled, Copper-Catalyzed Sonogashira-Type Cross-Coupling of Alkynes with Alkyl Iodides. ACS Catal 2023; 13:2761-2770. [PMID: 37800120 PMCID: PMC10552849 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the success of Sonogashira coupling for the synthesis of arylalkynes and conjugated enynes, the engagement of unactivated alkyl halides in such reactions remains historically challenging. We report herein a strategy that merges Cu-catalyzed alkyne transfer with the aryl radical activation of carbon-halide bonds to enable a general approach for the coupling of alkyl iodides with terminal alkynes. This unprecedented Sonogashira-type cross-coupling reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups and has been applied to the late-stage cross-coupling of densely functionalized pharmaceutical agents as well as the synthesis of positron emission tomography tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Wenhao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yanshan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Aijie Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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