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Chen Q, Bian Z, Yang Y, Cui X, Jeffreys C, Xu X, Li W, Liu Y, Heeney M, Bo Z. Hierarchical Solid-Additive Strategy for Achieving Layer-by-Layer Organic Solar Cells with Over 19 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405949. [PMID: 38871648 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of active layers in organic solar cells (OSCs) offers immense potential for optimizing performance through precise tailoring of each layer. However, achieving high-performance LbL OSCs with distinct solid additives in each layer remains challenging. In this study, we explore a novel approach that strategically incorporates different solid additives into specific layers of LbL devices. To this end, we introduce FeCl3 into the lower donor (D18) layer as a p-type dopant to enhance hole concentration and mobility. Concurrently, we incorporate the wide-band gap conjugated polymer poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO) into the upper acceptor (L8-BO) layer to improve the morphology and prolong exciton lifetime. Unlike previous studies, our approach combines these two strategies to achieve higher and more balanced electron and hole mobility without affecting device open-circuit voltage, while also suppressing charge recombination. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the D18+FeCl3/L8-BO device increases to 18.12 %, while the D18/L8-BO+PFO device attains a PCE of 18.79 %. These values represent substantial improvements over the control device's PCE of 17.59 %. Notably, when both FeCl3 and PFO are incorporated, the D18+FeCl3/L8-BO+PFO device achieves a remarkable PCE of 19.17 %. In summary, our research results demonstrate the effectiveness of the layered solid additive strategy in improving OSC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ziqing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Charles Jeffreys
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 239556900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xinjun Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Martin Heeney
- KAUST Solar Centre, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 239556900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- College of Textiles & Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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2
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Xu J, Xiao C, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Wang B, McNeill CR, Li W. Utilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Solid Additives for Morphology and Thermal Stability Enhancement in Photoactive Layers of Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405573. [PMID: 39104295 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Volatile solid additives have emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing film morphology and promoting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a series of novel polycyclic aromatic additives with analogous chemical structures, including fluorene (FL), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and dibenzofuran (DBF) derived from crude oils, are presented and incorporated into OSCs. All these additives exhibit strong interactions with the electron-deficient terminal groups of L8-BO within the bulk-heterojunction OSCs. Moreover, they demonstrate significant sublimation during thermal annealing, leading to increase free volumes for the rearrangement and recrystallization of L8-BO. This phenomenon leads to an improved film morphology and an elevated glass-transition temperature of the photoactive layers. Consequently, the PCE of the PM6:L8-BO blend has been boosted from 16.60% to 18.60% with 40 wt% DBF additives, with a champion PCE of 19.11% achieved for ternary PM6:L8-BO:BTP-eC9 OSCs. Furthermore, the prolonged shelf and thermal stability have been observed in OSCs with these additives. This study emphasizes the synergic effect of volatile solid additives on the performance and thermal stability of OSCs, highlighting their potential for advancing the field of photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | - Christopher R McNeill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
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3
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Zhang J, Chen Q, Li M, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Deng X, Xue J, Zhao C, Xiao C, Ma W, Li W. Carboxylating Elastomer via Thiol-Ene Click Reaction to Improve Miscibility with Conjugated Polymers for Mechanically Robust Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency of 19. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312805. [PMID: 38319917 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating flexible insulating polymers is a straightforward strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of rigid conjugated polymers, enabling their use in flexible electronic devices. However, maintaining electronic characteristics simultaneously is challenging due to the poor miscibility between insulating polymers and conjugated polymers. This study introduces the carboxylation of insulating polymers as an effective strategy to enhance miscibility with conjugated polymers via surface energy modulation and hydrogen bonding. The carboxylated elastomer, synthesized via a thiol-ene click reaction, closely matches the surface energy of the conjugated polymer. This significantly improves the mechanical properties, achieving a high crack-onset strain of 21.48%, surpassing that (5.93%) of the unmodified elastomer:conjugated polymer blend. Upon incorporating the carboxylated elastomer into PM6:L8-BO-based organic solar cells, an impressive power conversion efficiency of 19.04% is attained, which top-performs among insulating polymer-incorporated devices and outperforms devices with unmodified elastomer or neat PM6:L8-BO. The superior efficiency is attributed to the optimized microstructures and enhanced crystallinity for efficient and balanced charge transport, and suppressed charge recombination. Furthermore, flexible devices with 5% carboxylated elastomer exhibit superior mechanical stability, retaining ≈88.9% of the initial efficiency after 40 000 bending cycles at a 1 mm radius, surpassing ≈83.5% for devices with 5% unmodified elastomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Mengdi Li
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, P. R. China
| | - Guangcong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmeng Deng
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Zhao
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, 330096, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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4
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Wu Y, Yuan Y, Sorbelli D, Cheng C, Michalek L, Cheng HW, Jindal V, Zhang S, LeCroy G, Gomez ED, Milner ST, Salleo A, Galli G, Asbury JB, Toney MF, Bao Z. Tuning polymer-backbone coplanarity and conformational order to achieve high-performance printed all-polymer solar cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2170. [PMID: 38461153 PMCID: PMC10924936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) offer improved morphological and mechanical stability compared with those containing small-molecule-acceptors (SMAs). They can be processed with a broader range of conditions, making them desirable for printing techniques. In this study, we report a high-performance polymer acceptor design based on bithiazole linker (PY-BTz) that are on par with SMAs. We demonstrate that bithiazole induces a more coplanar and ordered conformation compared to bithiophene due to the synergistic effect of non-covalent backbone planarization and reduced steric encumbrances. As a result, PY-BTz shows a significantly higher efficiency of 16.4% in comparison to the polymer acceptors based on commonly used thiophene-based linkers (i.e., PY-2T, 9.8%). Detailed analyses reveal that this improvement is associated with enhanced conjugation along the backbone and closer interchain π-stacking, resulting in higher charge mobilities, suppressed charge recombination, and reduced energetic disorder. Remarkably, an efficiency of 14.7% is realized for all-PSCs that are solution-sheared in ambient conditions, which is among the highest for devices prepared under conditions relevant to scalable printing techniques. This work uncovers a strategy for promoting backbone conjugation and planarization in emerging polymer acceptors that can lead to superior all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Diego Sorbelli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Christina Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lukas Michalek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Vishal Jindal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA
| | - Garrett LeCroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Scott T Milner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Giulia Galli
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - John B Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Materials Science Program, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4125, USA.
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5
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Li S, Gao M, Zhou K, Li X, Xian K, Zhao W, Chen Y, He C, Ye L. Achieving Record-High Stretchability and Mechanical Stability in Organic Photovoltaic Blends with a Dilute-absorber Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307278. [PMID: 37865872 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have potential for applications in wearable electronics. Except for high power conversion efficiency (PCE), excellent tensile properties and mechanical stability are required for achieving high-performance wearable OSCs, while the present metrics barely meet the stretchable requirements. Herein, this work proposes a facile and low-cost strategy for constructing intrinsically stretchable OSCs by introducing a readily accessible polymer elastomer as a diluent for all-polymer photovoltaic blends. Remarkably, record-high stretchability with a fracture strain of up to 1000% and mechanical stability with elastic recovery >90% under cyclic tensile tests are realized in the OSCs active layers for the first time. Specifically, the tensile properties of best-performing all-polymer photovoltaic blends are increased by up to 250 times after blending. Previously unattainable performance metrics (fracture strain >50% and PCE >10%) are achieved simultaneously for the resulting photovoltaic films. Furthermore, an overall evaluation parameter y is proposed for the efficiency-cost- stretchability balance of photovoltaic blend films. The y value of dilute-absorber system is two orders of magnitude greater than those of prior state-of-the-art systems. Additionally, intrinsically stretchable devices are prepared to showcase the mechanical stability. Overall, this work offers a new avenue for constructing and comprehensively evaluating intrinsically stretchable organic electronic films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saimeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Mengyuan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Kangkang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Kaihu Xian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyong He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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6
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Wu HC, Nikzad S, Zhu C, Yan H, Li Y, Niu W, Matthews JR, Xu J, Matsuhisa N, Arunachala PK, Rastak R, Linder C, Zheng YQ, Toney MF, He M, Bao Z. Highly stretchable polymer semiconductor thin films with multi-modal energy dissipation and high relative stretchability. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8382. [PMID: 38104194 PMCID: PMC10725446 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stretchable polymer semiconductors (PSCs) have seen great advancements alongside the development of soft electronics. But it remains a challenge to simultaneously achieve high charge carrier mobility and stretchability. Herein, we report the finding that stretchable PSC thin films (<100-nm-thick) with high stretchability tend to exhibit multi-modal energy dissipation mechanisms and have a large relative stretchability (rS) defined by the ratio of the entropic energy dissipation to the enthalpic energy dissipation under strain. They effectively recovered the original molecular ordering, as well as electrical performance, after strain was released. The highest rS value with a model polymer (P4) exhibited an average charge carrier mobility of 0.2 cm2V-1s-1 under 100% biaxial strain, while PSCs with low rS values showed irreversible morphology changes and rapid degradation of electrical performance under strain. These results suggest rS can be used as a parameter to compare the reliability and reversibility of stretchable PSC thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chin Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Shayla Nikzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Chenxin Zhu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Hongping Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, US
| | - Yang Li
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, 14831, US
| | - Weijun Niu
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, 14831, US
| | | | - Jie Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
- Nanoscience and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, US
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | | | - Reza Rastak
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Christian Linder
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, US
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, US
| | - Mingqian He
- Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, 14831, US.
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, US.
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7
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Peng J, Wang K, Li M, Peng Z, Liu H, Huang M, Zhao B. A-A Strategy Enables Desirable Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells Fabricated with Nonhalogenated Solvents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48255-48263. [PMID: 37792498 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Most polymer acceptors have been designed by applying a D (electron-rich unit)-A (electron-deficient unit) strategy, which are principally processed with halogenated solvents to fabricate all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Two novel polymer acceptors, containing an A-A type backbone, were designed and synthesized, which can be readily dissolved in o-xylene. The polymer PY-FBTA, comprising a Y6 derivative as the first A unit and a benzotriazole derivative as the second A unit, shows smaller dihedral angles in the backbone, stronger molecular interactions, higher LUMO level, more complementary absorption spectrum, and better morphology with PM6 than the polymer PY-DPP comprising a diketopyrrolopyrrole derivative as the second A unit. Accordingly, the PM6:PY-FBTA all-PSC achieves a higher PCE of 13.95% than the all-PSC based on PM6:PY-DPP (9.51%) for thoroughly improved Jsc (22.34 mA cm-2), Voc (0.963 V), and FF (64.84%) values, which are fabricated with o-xylene as the solvent. This work demonstrates that the A-A structure is a desirable strategy for designing polymer acceptors for efficient all-PSCs prepared with nonhalogenated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zeyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hailu Liu
- Hunan Chemical Vocational Technology College, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Meihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials & Application Technology of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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8
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Ma S, Li B, Gong S, Wang J, Liu B, Young Jeong S, Chen X, Young Woo H, Feng K, Guo X. Biselenophene Imide: Enabling Polymer Acceptor with High Electron Mobility for High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308306. [PMID: 37461155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The shortage of narrow band gap polymer acceptors with high electron mobility is the major bottleneck for developing efficient all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Herein, we synthesize a distannylated electron-deficient biselenophene imide monomer (BSeI-Tin) with high purity/reactivity, affording an excellent chance to access acceptor-acceptor (A-A) type polymer acceptors. Copolymerizing BSeI-Tin with dibrominated monomer Y5-Br, the resulting A-A polymer PY5-BSeI shows a higher molecular weight, narrower band gap, deeper-lying frontier molecular orbital levels and larger electron mobility than the donor-acceptor type counterpart PY5-BSe. Consequently, the PY5-BSeI-based all-PSCs deliver a remarkable efficiency of 17.77 % with a high short-circuit current of 24.93 mA cm-2 and fill factor of 75.83 %. This efficiency is much higher than that (10.70 %) of the PY5-BSe-based devices. Our study demonstrates that BSeI is a promising building block for constructing high-performance polymer acceptors and stannylation of electron-deficient building blocks offers an excellent approach to developing A-A type polymers for all-PSCs and even beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxiang Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bangbang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shaokuan Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Sang Young Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Xihan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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9
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Seo S, Lee JW, Kim DJ, Lee D, Phan TNL, Park J, Tan Z, Cho S, Kim TS, Kim BJ. Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-PM6 Polymer Donors for High-Performance and Mechanically Robust Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300230. [PMID: 36929364 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stretchability are the dual requirements for the wearable application of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, most efficient photoactive films are mechanically brittle. In this work, highly efficient (PCE = 18%) and mechanically robust (crack-onset strain (COS) = 18%) PSCs are acheived by designing block copolymer (BCP) donors, PM6-b-PDMSx (x = 5k, 12k, and 19k). In these BCP donors, stretchable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) blocks are covalently linked with the PM6 blocks to effectively increase the stretchability. The stretchability of the BCP donors increases with a longer PDMS block, and PM6-b-PDMS19k :L8-BO PSC exhibits a high PCE (18%) and 9-times higher COS value (18%) compared to that (COS = 2%) of the PM6:L8-BO-based PSC. However, the PM6:L8-BO:PDMS12k ternary blend shows inferior PCE (5%) and COS (1%) due to the macrophase separation between PDMS and active components. In the intrinsically stretchable PSC, the PM6-b-PDMS19k :L8-BO blend exhibits significantly greater mechanical stability PCE80% ((80% of the initial PCE) at 36% strain) than those of the PM6:L8-BO blend (PCE80% at 12% strain) and the PM6:L8-BO:PDMS ternary blend (PCE80% at 4% strain). This study suggests an effective design strategy of BCP PD to achieve stretchable and efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchan Lee
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhengping Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinuk Cho
- Department of Physics and EHSRC, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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10
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Yu H, Wang Y, Zou X, Yin J, Shi X, Li Y, Zhao H, Wang L, Ng HM, Zou B, Lu X, Wong KS, Ma W, Zhu Z, Yan H, Chen S. Improved photovoltaic performance and robustness of all-polymer solar cells enabled by a polyfullerene guest acceptor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2323. [PMID: 37087472 PMCID: PMC10122667 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fullerene acceptors typically possess excellent electron-transporting properties and can work as guest components in ternary organic solar cells to enhance the charge extraction and efficiencies. However, conventional fullerene small molecules typically suffer from undesirable segregation and dimerization, thus limiting their applications in organic solar cells. Herein we report the use of a poly(fullerene-alt-xylene) acceptor (PFBO-C12) as guest component enables a significant efficiency increase from 16.9% for binary cells to 18.0% for ternary all-polymer solar cells. Ultrafast optic and optoelectronic studies unveil that PFBO-C12 can facilitate hole transfer and suppress charge recombination. Morphological investigations show that the ternary blends maintain a favorable morphology with high crystallinity and smaller domain size. Meanwhile, the introduction of PFBO-C12 reduces voltage loss and enables all-polymer solar cells with excellent light stability and mechanical durability in flexible devices. This work demonstrates that introducing polyfullerenes as guest components is an effective approach to achieving highly efficient ternary all-polymer solar cells with good stability and mechanical robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials & Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junli Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials & Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials & Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials & Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ho Ming Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bosen Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, 999077, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shangshang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials & Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Yoon SJ, Choi KS, Zhong L, Jeong S, Cho Y, Jung S, Yoon SE, Kim JH, Yang C. Dithieno[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-Based Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Dual-Functional Energy-Harvesting Wide-Bandgap Polymer and its Backbone Isomer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300507. [PMID: 37010009 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Both organic solar cells (OSCs) and organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) are promising energy-harvesting technologies for future renewable and sustainable energy sources. Among various material systems, organic conjugated polymers are an emerging material class for the active layers of both OSCs and OTEs. However, organic conjugated polymers showing both OSC and OTE properties are rarely reported because of the different requirements toward the OSCs and OTEs. In this study, the first simultaneous investigation of the OSC and OTE properties of a wide-bandgap polymer PBQx-TF and its backbone isomer iso-PBQx-TF are reported. All wide-bandgap polymers form face-on orientations in a thin-film state, but PBQx-TF has more of a crystalline character than iso-PBQx-TF, originating from the backbone isomeric structures of α,α '/β,β '-connection between two thiophene rings. Additionally, iso-PBQx-TF shows inactive OSC and poor OTE properties, probably because of the absorption mismatch and unfavorable molecular orientations. At the same time, PBQx-TF exhibits both decent OSC and OTE performances, indicating that it satisfies the requirements for both OSCs and OTEs. This study presents the OSC and OTE dual-functional energy-harvesting wide-bandgap polymer and the future research directions for hybrid energy-harvesting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jun Yoon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Kang Suh Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Lian Zhong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Seonghun Jeong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sungwoo Jung
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Sang Eun Yoon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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12
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Yang WC, Chen YW, Yu YY, Lin YC, Higashihara T, Chen WC. Enhancing the Performance of Electret-Free Phototransistor Memory by Using All-Conjugated Block Copolymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200756. [PMID: 36281923 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are of great interest owing to their potential in stretchable electronics to function under complex deformation conditions. To improve the performance of conjugated polymers, various structural designs have been proposed and these conjugated polymers are specially applied in exotic optoelectronics. In this work, a series of all-conjugated block copolymers (PII2T-b-PNDI2T) comprising poly(isoindigo-bithiophene) (PII2T) and poly(naphthalenediimide-bithiophene) (PNDI2T) are developed with varied compositions and applied to electret-free phototransistor memory. Accordingly, these memory devices present p-type transport capability and electrical-ON/photo-OFF memory behavior. The efficacy of the all-conjugated block copolymer design in improving the memory-photoresponse properties in phototransistor memory is revealed. By optimizing the composition of the block copolymer, the corresponding device achieves a wide memory window of 36 V and a high memory ratio of 7 × 104 . Collectively, the results of this study indicate a new concept for designing electret-free phototransistor memory by using all-conjugated block copolymer heterojunctions to mitigate the phase separation of conjugated polymer blends. Meanwhile, the intrinsic optoelectronic properties of the constituent conjugated polymers can be well-maintained by using an all-conjugated block copolymer design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chen Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Yen Yu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Cheng Lin
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tomoya Higashihara
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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13
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Huang D, Zhang L, Sun S, Li P, Fu Y, Tian R, Lu C. Three‐Dimensional Fluorescent Imaging to Monitor the Dynamic Distribution of Organic Additives in Polymers. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Peng Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yingjie Fu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
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14
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Polymerizing Ladder-type Heteroheptacene-Cored Small-Molecule Acceptors for Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Peng Z, Xian K, Liu J, Zhang Y, Sun X, Zhao W, Deng Y, Li X, Yang C, Bian F, Geng Y, Ye L. Unraveling the Stretch-Induced Microstructural Evolution and Morphology-Stretchability Relationships of High-Performance Ternary Organic Photovoltaic Blends. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207884. [PMID: 36333886 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The stretchability and stretch-induced structural evolution of organic solar cells (OSCs) are pivotal for their collapsible, portable, and wearable applications, and they are mainly affected by the complex morphology of active layers. Herein, a highly ductile conjugated polymer P(NDI2OD-T2) is incorporated into the active layers of high-efficiency OSCs based on nonfullerene small molecule acceptors to simultaneously investigate the morphological, mechanical, and photovoltaic properties and structural evolution under stretching of ternary blend films with various acceptor contents. The structural robustness of the blend films is indicated by their stretch-induced structural evolution, which is monitored in real-time by a combination of in situ wide/small angle X-ray scattering. It is found that adding the soft P(NDI2OD-T2) can enhance the stretchability and structural robustness of ternary blend films by more entangled chains and tie chains to dissipate strain. Furthermore, the stretchability of the ternary blends can be superbly predicted by a 3D equivalent box model. This work provides instructive insight and guidance for designing stretchable electronics and predicting the stretchability of multicomponent blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Peng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Kaihu Xian
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Xiaokang Sun
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Chunming Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Fenggang Bian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Long Ye
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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16
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Lee JW, Seo S, Lee SW, Kim GU, Han S, Phan TNL, Lee S, Li S, Kim TS, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Intrinsically Stretchable, Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Polymer Donors Featuring Hydrogen-Bonding Spacers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207544. [PMID: 36153847 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells (IS-OSCs), consisting of all stretchable layers, are attracting significant attention as a future power source for wearable electronics. However, most of the efficient active layers for OSCs are mechanically brittle due to their rigid molecular structures designed for high electrical and optical properties. Here, a series of new polymer donors (PD s, PhAmX) featuring phenyl amide (N1 ,N3 -bis((5-bromothiophen-2-yl)methyl)isophthalamide, PhAm)-based flexible spacer (FS) inducing hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) interactions is developed. These PD s enable IS-OSCs with a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.73% and excellent stretchability (PCE retention of >80% of the initial value at 32% strain), representing the best performances among the reported IS-OSCs to date. The incorporation of PhAm-based FS enhances the molecular ordering of PD s as well as their interactions with a Y7 acceptor, enhancing the mechanical stretchability and electrical properties simultaneously. It is also found that in rigid OSCs, the PhAm5:Y7 blend achieves a much higher PCE of 17.5% compared to that of the reference PM6:Y7 blend. The impact of the PhAm-FS linker on the mechanical and photovoltaic properties of OSCs is thoroughly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungseok Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tan Ngoc-Lan Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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17
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Sun G, Jiang X, Li X, Meng L, Zhang J, Qin S, Kong X, Li J, Xin J, Ma W, Li Y. High performance polymerized small molecule acceptor by synergistic optimization on π-bridge linker and side chain. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5267. [PMID: 36071034 PMCID: PMC9452561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32964-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The polymerized small-molecule acceptors have attracted great attention for application as polymer acceptor in all-polymer solar cells recently. The modification of small molecule acceptor building block and the π-bridge linker is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the polymer acceptors. In this work, we synthesized a new polymer acceptor PG-IT2F which is a modification of the representative polymer acceptor PY-IT by replacing its upper linear alkyl side chains on the small molecule building block with branched alkyl chains and attaching difluorene substituents on its thiophene π-bridge linker. Through this synergistic optimization, PG-IT2F possesses more suitable phase separation, increased charge transportation, better exciton dissociation, lower bimolecular recombination, and longer charge transfer state lifetime than PY-IT in their polymer solar cells with PM6 as polymer donor. Therefore, the devices based on PM6:PG-IT2F demonstrated a high power conversion efficiency of 17.24%, which is one of the highest efficiency reported for the binary all polymer solar cells to date. This work indicates that the synergistic regulation of small molecule acceptor building block and π-bridge linker plays a key role in designing and developing highly efficient polymer acceptors. The modification of small molecule acceptor building block and π−bridge linker is effective to improve photovoltaic performance. Here, the authors replace linear with branched alkyl chains and introduce difluorene-substituted linker to realise all-polymer solar cells with efficiency of 17.24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpei Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaolei Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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18
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Park JS, Kim GU, Lee S, Lee JW, Li S, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Material Design and Device Fabrication Strategies for Stretchable Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201623. [PMID: 35765775 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) have greatly enhanced their commercial viability. Considering the technical standards (e.g., mechanical robustness) required for wearable electronics, which are promising application platforms for OSCs, the development of fully stretchable OSCs (f-SOSCs) should be accelerated. Here, a comprehensive overview of f-SOSCs, which are aimed to reliably operate under various forms of mechanical stress, including bending and multidirectional stretching, is provided. First, the mechanical requirements of f-SOSCs, in terms of tensile and cohesion/adhesion properties, are summarized along with the experimental methods to evaluate those properties. Second, essential studies to make each layer of f-SOSCs stretchable and efficient are discussed, emphasizing strategies to simultaneously enhance the photovoltaic and mechanical properties of the active layer, ranging from material design to fabrication control. Key improvements to the other components/layers (i.e., substrate, electrodes, and interlayers) are also covered. Lastly, considering that f-SOSC research is in its infancy, the current challenges and future prospects are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yong Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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19
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Yu H, Wang Y, Kim HK, Wu X, Li Y, Yao Z, Pan M, Zou X, Zhang J, Chen S, Zhao D, Huang F, Lu X, Zhu Z, Yan H. A Vinylene-Linker-Based Polymer Acceptor Featuring a Coplanar and Rigid Molecular Conformation Enables High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells with Over 17% Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200361. [PMID: 35315948 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
State-of-art Y-series polymer acceptors are typically based on a mono-thiophene linker, which can cause some twisted molecular conformations and thus limit the performance of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Here, a high-performance polymer acceptor based on vinylene linkers is reported, which leads to surprising changes in the polymers' molecular conformations, optoelectronic properties, and enhanced photovoltaic performance. It is found that the polymer acceptors based on thiophene or bithiophene linkers (PY-T-γ and PY-2T-γ) display significant molecular twisting between end-groups and linker units, while the vinylene-based polymer (PY-V-γ) exhibits a more coplanar and rigid molecular conformation. As a result, PY-V-γ demonstrates a better conjugation and tighter interchain stacking, which results in higher mobility and a reduced energetic disorder. Furthermore, detailed morphology investigations reveal that the PY-V-γ-based blend exhibits high domain purity and thus a better fill factor in its all-PSCs. With these, a higher efficiency of 17.1% is achieved in PY-V-γ-based all-PSCs, which is the highest efficiency reported for binary all-PSCs to date. This work demonstrates that the vinylene-linker is a superior unit to build polymer acceptors with more coplanar and rigid chain conformation, which is beneficial for polymer aggregation and efficient all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ha Kyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zefan Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- eFlexPV Limited (Foshan), Guicheng Street, Nanhai District, Foshan, 528200, China
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20
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Wang Z, Zhang D, Xu M, Liu J, He J, Yang L, Li Z, Gao Y, Shao M. Intrinsically Stretchable Organic Solar Cells with Simultaneously Improved Mechanical Robustness and Morphological Stability Enabled by a Universal Crosslinking Strategy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201589. [PMID: 35638221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells (OSCs) with excellent mechanical robustness and long-term operation stability is highly demanded for practical applications. Here, the representative PM6/Y6 active layer film, crosslinked by a photo-crosslinkable small molecule 2,6-bis(4-azidobenzylidene)cyclohexanone (BAC) containing azide groups, exhibits a significantly enhanced stretchability of 18% and toughness of 6.94 MJ m-3 , compared to non-crosslinked film (stretchability of 4.5% and toughness of 0.75 MJ m-3 ). It is found that controlling the crosslinking density, including crosslinker concentration and crosslinking time, plays a vital impact on the stretchability and mechanical toughness of active layer film. The resulting intrinsically stretchable OSCs achieve a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4% and retain 80% of its performance even under the large strain of 20%. To date, this is the highest PCE for intrinsically stretchable OSCs based on small molecular acceptors. Moreover, crosslinking of active layer film suppresses the crystallization of PM6 polymer chains and avoids the excessive aggregation of small molecular acceptors under thermal heating or light illumination, leading to a stabilized film morphology and significantly improved device stability. Overall, these results provide a universal strategy to simultaneously enhance the mechanical properties and stability of OSCs without sacrificing their photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenye Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Meichen Xu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi He
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lvpeng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yerun Gao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ming Shao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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21
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Advances in Green-Solvent-Processable All-Polymer Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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When Electronically Inert Polymers Meet Conjugated Polymers: Emerging Opportunities in Organic Photovoltaics. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Zhang YZ, Wang N, Wang YH, Miao JH, Liu J, Wang LX. 15% Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells Based on a Polymer Acceptor Containing B←N Unit. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2790-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Liu Y, Liu B, Ma CQ, Huang F, Feng G, Chen H, Hou J, Yan L, Wei Q, Luo Q, Bao Q, Ma W, Liu W, Li W, Wan X, Hu X, Han Y, Li Y, Zhou Y, Zou Y, Chen Y, Liu Y, Meng L, Li Y, Chen Y, Tang Z, Hu Z, Zhang ZG, Bo Z. Recent progress in organic solar cells (Part II device engineering). Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Chen Y, Wan J, Xu G, Wu X, Li X, Shen Y, Yang F, Ou X, Li Y, Li Y. “Reinforced concrete”-like flexible transparent electrode for organic solar cells with high efficiency and mechanical robustness. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Zhang W, Sun C, Angunawela I, Meng L, Qin S, Zhou L, Li S, Zhuo H, Yang G, Zhang ZG, Ade H, Li Y. 16.52% Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells with High Tolerance of the Photoactive Layer Thickness. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108749. [PMID: 35290692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have drawn growing attention and achieved tremendous progress recently, but their power conversion efficiency (PCE) still lags behind small-molecule-acceptor (SMA)-based PSCs due to the relative difficulty on morphology control of polymer photoactive blends. Here, low-cost PTQ10 is introduced as a second polymer donor (a third component) into the PM6:PY-IT blend to finely tune the energy-level matching and microscopic morphology of the polymer blend photoactive layer. The addition of PTQ10 decreases the π-π stacking distance, and increases the π-π stacking coherence length and the ordered face-on molecular packing orientation, which improves the charge separation and transport in the photoactive layer. Moreover, the deeper highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of the PTQ10 polymer donor than PM6 leads to higher open-circuit voltage of the ternary all-PSCs. As a result, a PCE of 16.52% is achieved for ternary all-PSCs, which is one of the highest PCEs for all-PSCs. In addition, the ternary devices exhibit a high tolerance of the photoactive layer thickness with high PCEs of 15.27% and 13.91% at photoactive layer thickness of ≈205 and ≈306 nm, respectively, which are the highest PCEs so far for all-PSCs with a thick photoactive layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chenkai Sun
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Indunil Angunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liuyang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaman Li
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongmei Zhuo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic/Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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27
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Han Y, Hu Z, Zha W, Chen X, Yin L, Guo J, Li Z, Luo Q, Su W, Ma CQ. 12.42% Monolithic 25.42 cm 2 Flexible Organic Solar Cells Enabled by an Amorphous ITO-Modified Metal Grid Electrode. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110276. [PMID: 35243697 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Printed metal nanogrid electrode exhibits superior characteristics for use in flexible organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the high surface roughness and inhomogeneity between grid and blank region is adverse for performance improvement. In this work, a thin amorphous indium tin oxide (ITO) film (α-ITO) is introduced to fill the blank and to improve the charge transporting. The introduction of α-ITO significantly improves the comprehensive properties of metal grid electrode, which exhibits excellent bending resistance and long-term stability under double 85 condition (under 85 °C and 85% relative humidity) for 200 h. Both experimental and simulation results reveal α-ITO with a sheet resistance of 20 000 Ω □-1 is sufficient to improve the charge transporting within the adjacent grids, leading to a remarkable efficiency of 16.54% for 1 cm2 flexible devices. With area increased to 4.00, 9.00, and 25.42 cm2 , the devices still display a performance of 16.22%, 14.69%, and 12.42%, respectively, showing less efficiency loss during upscaling. And the 25.42 cm2 monolithic flexible device exhibits a certificated efficiency of 12.03%. Moreover, the device shows significantly improved air stability relative to conventional high-conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate-modified device. All these make the α-ITO-modified Ag/Cu electrode promise to achieve high-efficient and long-term stable large-area flexible OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Han
- Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Zishou Hu
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
- Printable Electronics Research Center & Nano-Device and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nano Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wusong Zha
- Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolian Chen
- Printable Electronics Research Center & Nano-Device and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nano Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Li Yin
- School of Science, School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Guo
- Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Li
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qun Luo
- Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
| | - Wenming Su
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
- Printable Electronics Research Center & Nano-Device and Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Nano Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Qi Ma
- Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, P. R. China
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28
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Kwon NY, Park SH, Cho S, Lee DW, Harit AK, Woo HY, Cho MJ, Choi DH. Polymer solar cells made with photocrosslinkable conjugated donor–acceptor block copolymers: improvement in the thermal stability and morphology with a single-component active layer. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00413e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New photocrosslinkable conjugated donor–acceptor block copolymer bearing oxetane side chains is synthesized by one-pot polymerization to improve the thermal and morphological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Su Hong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Seunguk Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Kumar Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min Ju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
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29
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Xie C, Xiao C, Jiang X, Liang S, Liu C, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Li W. Miscibility-Controlled Mechanical and Photovoltaic Properties in Double-Cable Conjugated Polymer/Insulating Polymer Composites. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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30
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Park Y, Fuentes-Hernandez C, Kim K, Chou WF, Larrain FA, Graham S, Pierron ON, Kippelen B. Skin-like low-noise elastomeric organic photodiodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj6565. [PMID: 34910518 PMCID: PMC8673773 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable optoelectronics made of elastomeric semiconductors could enable the integration of intelligent systems with soft materials, such as those of the biological world. Organic semiconductors and photodiodes have been engineered to be elastomeric; however, for photodetector applications, it remains a challenge to identify an elastomeric bulk heterojunction (e-BHJ) photoactive layer that combines a low Young’s modulus and a high strain at break that yields organic photodiodes with low electronic noise values and high photodetector performance. Here, a blend of an elastomer, a donor-like polymer, and an acceptor-like molecule yields a skin-like e-BHJ with a Young’s modulus of a few megapascals, comparable to values of human tissues, and a high strain at break of 189%. Elastomeric organic photodiodes based on e-BHJ photoactive layers maintain low electronic noise current values in the tens of femtoamperes range and noise equivalent power values in the tens of picowatts range under at least 60% strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngrak Park
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Canek Fuentes-Hernandez
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Kyungjin Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Wen-Fang Chou
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Felipe A. Larrain
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Samuel Graham
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Olivier N. Pierron
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Bernard Kippelen
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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31
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Yang N, Ryu DH, Bai Y, Song CE, Hwang DH. Ladder-Type Fused Benzodithiophene Extended along the Short-Axis Direction as a New Donor Building Block for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57693-57702. [PMID: 34813270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ladder-type fused aromatic systems are important core structures of small molecule acceptors for organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, a new ladder-type donor building block, based on the benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) unit where the 3,7 positions of the BDT thiophene rings and the 3' position of the thiophene rings of the vertical BDT were fused to construct a seven-ring core structure named f-DTBDT, was investigated. In the f-DTBDT structure, the fusion of the BDT core and the thiophene rings at the 4,8 positions of BDT constrains all of the aromatic rings in a coplanar structure. The newly designed f-DTBDT was successfully employed as a core donor building block and conjugated with three electron-withdrawing acceptors (2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene) malononitrile (2HIC), 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (2FIC), and 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (2ClIC)) as acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type acceptor materials for OSCs. Characterization results showed that the three synthesized A-D-A acceptors of DTBDT-IC, DTBDT-4F, and DTBDT-4Cl have high absorption behavior in the vis-NIR region as result of an intramolecular charge transfer interaction engendered by f-DTBDT and the ending group. The absorption regions of the acceptors were complementary with that of polymer PM6. Also, the frontier orbital energy levels of the new acceptors and wide-band-gap PM6 are well matched. Bulk heterojunction OSCs were fabricated using PM6 and the acceptors, and the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.15% was obtained when using PM6:DTBDT-4F as the active layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Hyeon Ryu
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongqi Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hoon Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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32
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Zhao B, Pei D, Jiang Y, Wang Z, An C, Deng Y, Ma Z, Han Y, Geng Y. Simultaneous Enhancement of Stretchability, Strength, and Mobility in Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Poly(indacenodithiophene-co-benzothiadiazole). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dandan Pei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Zhongli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chuanbin An
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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33
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You H, Lee S, Kim D, Kang H, Lim C, Kim FS, Kim BJ. Effects of the Selective Alkoxy Side Chain Position in Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Acceptors on the Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47817-47825. [PMID: 34590813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the position of alkoxy side chains in quinoxaline (Qx)-based polymer acceptors (PAs) on the characteristics of materials and the device parameters of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are investigated. The alkoxy side chains are selectively located at the meta, para, and both positions in pendant benzenes of Qx units, constructing PAs denoted as P(QxCN-T2)-m, P(QxCN-T2)-p, and P(QxCN-T2), respectively. Among them, P(QxCN-T2)-m exhibits the deepest energy levels owing to the enhanced electron-withdrawing effect of meta-positioned alkoxy chains, which is in contrast to P(QxCN-T2)-p where para-positioned alkoxy chains have an electron-donating property. In addition, the meta-positioned alkoxy chains induce good electron-conducting pathways, while the para-positioned ones significantly interrupt crystallization and intermolecular interactions between the conjugated backbones. Thus, when the PAs are applied to all-PSCs, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.07% is attained in the device using P(QxCN-T2)-m with efficient exciton dissociation and good electron-transporting ability. On the contrary, the P(QxCN-T2)-p-based counterpart has a PCE of only 1.62%. These results demonstrate that introducing alkoxy side chains at a proper location in the Qx-based PAs is crucial for their application to all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoseon You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhee Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Felix Sunjoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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34
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You H, Kang H, Kim D, Park JS, Lee JW, Lee S, Kim FS, Kim BJ. Cyano-Functionalized Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells and Organic Transistors. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3520-3527. [PMID: 33655716 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quinoxaline (Qx) derivatives are promising building units for efficient photovoltaic polymers owing to their strong light absorption and high charge-transport abilities, but they have been used exclusively in the construction of polymer donors. Herein, for the first time, Qx-based polymer acceptors (PA s) were developed by introducing electron-withdrawing cyano (CN) groups into the Qx moiety (QxCN). A series of QxCN-based PA s, P(QxCN-T2), P(QxCN-TVT), and P(QxCN-T3), were synthesized by copolymerizing the QxCN unit with bithiophene, (E)-1,2-di(thiophene-2-yl)ethene, and terthiophene, respectively. All of the PA s exhibited unipolar n-type characteristics with organic field-effect transistor (OFET) mobilities of around 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 . In space-charge-limited current devices, P(QxCN-T2) and P(QxCN-TVT) exhibited electron mobilities greater than 1.0×10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 , due to the well-ordered structure with tight π-π stacking. When the PA s were applied in all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), the highest performance of 5.32 % was achieved in the P(QxCN-T2)-based device. These results demonstrate the significant potential of Qx-based PA s for high-performance all-PSCs and OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoseon You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Felix Sunjoo Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Chung-Ang University (CAU), Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Dauzon E, Sallenave X, Plesse C, Goubard F, Amassian A, Anthopoulos TD. Pushing the Limits of Flexibility and Stretchability of Solar Cells: A Review. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101469. [PMID: 34297433 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging forms of soft, flexible, and stretchable electronics promise to revolutionize the electronics industries of the future offering radically new products that combine multiple functionalities, including power generation, with arbitrary form factor. For example, skin-like electronics promise to transform the human-machine-interface, but the softness of the skin is incompatible with traditional electronic components. To address this issue, new strategies toward soft and wearable electronic systems are currently being pursued, which also include stretchable photovoltaics as self-powering systems for use in autonomous and stretchable electronics of the future. Here recent developments in the field of stretchable photovoltaics are reviewed and their potential for various emerging applications are examined. Emphasis is placed on the different strategies to induce stretchability including extrinsic and intrinsic approaches. In the former case, engineering and patterning of the materials and devices are key elements while intrinsically stretchable systems rely on mechanically compliant materials such as elastomers and organic conjugated polymers. The result is a review article that provides a comprehensive summary of the progress to date in the field of stretchable solar cells from the nanoscale to macroscopic functional devices. The article is concluded by discussing the emerging trends and future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Dauzon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Centre (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Cedric Plesse
- LPPI, CY Cergy Paris Université, Cergy, 95000, France
| | | | - Aram Amassian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronic Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Centre (KSC), Physical Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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36
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Xie C, Jiang X, Zhu Q, Wang D, Xiao C, Liu C, Ma W, Chen Q, Li W. Mechanical Robust Flexible Single-Component Organic Solar Cells. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100481. [PMID: 34928045 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the advantages of being lightweight and compatible with surfaces with different deformations, flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) have broad scopes of applications, including wearable electronics and portable devices. Most flexible OSCs focus on the two-component bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) photo-active layers, but they usually suffer from degradation problems both in efficiency and mechanical durability derived from the limited phase stability under mechanical and thermal stress. Whereas, single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs) based on the double-cable conjugated polymer are supposed to possess excellent mechanical robustness and long-term stability. Here, the first flexible SCOSCs based on a double-cable polymer are fabricated on a transparent silver nanowires (AgNWs) electrode on a plastic foil. Impressively, the obtained flexible SCOSCs exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.21%. The flexible SCOSCs are further demonstrated to possess superior mechanical robustness (>95% retention after 1000 bending cycles) and storage stability (>97% retention after 430 h in nitrogen atmosphere) compared to several BHJ-type flexible OSCs. The pseudo-free-standing tensile test and morphology investigation are conducted to reveal the distinction in mechanical durability of the single-component polymer film and the BHJ-type films. Besides, ultraflexible SCOSCs are also fabricated, indicating the application prospect and superiority in flexible devices and wearable electronic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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37
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Sun H, Liu B, Ma Y, Lee JW, Yang J, Wang J, Li Y, Li B, Feng K, Shi Y, Zhang B, Han D, Meng H, Niu L, Kim BJ, Zheng Q, Guo X. Regioregular Narrow-Bandgap n-Type Polymers with High Electron Mobility Enabling Highly Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102635. [PMID: 34338383 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-bandgap n-type polymers with high electron mobility are urgently demanded for the development of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). Here, two regioregular narrow-bandgap polymer acceptors, L15 and MBTI, with two electron-deficient segments are synthesized by copolymerizing two dibrominated fused-ring electron acceptors (FREA) with distannylated aromatic imide, respectively. Taking full advantage of the FREA and the imide, both polymer acceptors show narrow bandgap and high electron mobility. Benefiting from the more extended absorption, better backbone ordering, and higher electron mobility than those of its regiorandom analog, the L15-based all-PSC yields a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.2% when blended with the polymer donor PM6. More importantly, MBTI incorporating a benzothiophene-core FREA segment shows relatively higher frontier molecular orbital levels than L15, forming a cascade-like energy level alignment with L15 and PM6. Based on this, ternary all-PSCs are designed where MBTI is introduced as a guest into the PM6:L15 host system. Thanks to further optimal blend morphology and more balanced charge transport, the PCE is improved up to 16.2%, which is among the highest values for all-PSCs. The results demonstrate that combining an FREA and an aromatic imide to construct regioregular narrow-bandgap polymer acceptors provides an effective approach to fabricate highly efficient all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Sun
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bangbang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Kui Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingdong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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38
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Fan Q, Fu H, Wu Q, Wu Z, Lin F, Zhu Z, Min J, Woo HY, Jen AK. Multi‐Selenophene‐Containing Narrow Bandgap Polymer Acceptors for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with over 15 % Efficiency and High Reproducibility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunping Fan
- Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Qiang Wu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Alex K.‐Y. Jen
- Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington Box352120 Seattle WA USA
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39
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High-performance all-polymer solar cells enabled by a novel low bandgap non-fully conjugated polymer acceptor. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Fan Q, Fu H, Wu Q, Wu Z, Lin F, Zhu Z, Min J, Woo HY, Jen AKY. Multi-Selenophene-Containing Narrow Bandgap Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells with over 15 % Efficiency and High Reproducibility. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15935-15943. [PMID: 33939259 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) progressed tremendously due to recent advances in polymerized small molecule acceptors (PSMAs), and their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have exceeded 15 %. However, the practical applications of all-PSCs are still restricted by a lack of PSMAs with a broad absorption, high electron mobility, low energy loss, and good batch-to-batch reproducibility. A multi-selenophene-containing PSMA, PFY-3Se, was developed based on a selenophene-fused SMA framework and a selenophene π-spacer. Compared to its thiophene analogue PFY-0Se, PFY-3Se shows a ≈30 nm red-shifted absorption, increased electron mobility, and improved intermolecular interaction. In all-PSCs, PFY-3Se achieved an impressive PCE of 15.1 % with both high short-circuit current density of 23.6 mA cm-2 and high fill factor of 0.737, and a low energy loss, which are among the best values in all-PSCs reported to date and much better than PFY-0Se (PCE=13.0 %). Notably, PFY-3Se maintains similarly good batch-to-batch properties for realizing reproducible device performance, which is the first reported and also very rare for the PSMAs. Moreover, the PFY-3Se-based all-PSCs show low dependence of PCE on device area (0.045-1.0 cm2 ) and active layer thickness (110-250 nm), indicating the great potential toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunping Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Huiting Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qiang Wu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ziang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Box352120, Seattle, WA, USA
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41
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Lee JW, Ma BS, Kim HJ, Kim TS, Kim BJ. High-Molecular-Weight Electroactive Polymer Additives for Simultaneous Enhancement of Photovoltaic Efficiency and Mechanical Robustness in High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells. JACS AU 2021; 1:612-622. [PMID: 34467323 PMCID: PMC8395705 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) has significantly enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs); however, the inferior mechanical properties of SMA-based PSCs often limit their long-term stability and application in wearable power generators. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and effective strategy for enhancing the mechanical robustness and PCE of PSCs by incorporating a high-molecular-weight (MW) polymer acceptor (P A, P(NDI2OD-T2)). The addition of 10-20 wt % P A leads to a more than 4-fold increase in the mechanical ductility of the SMA-based PSCs in terms of the crack onset strain (COS). At the same time, the incorporation of P A into the active layer improves the charge transport and recombination properties, increasing the PCE of the PSC from 14.6 to 15.4%. The added P As act as tie molecules, providing mechanical and electrical bridges between adjacent domains of SMAs. Thus, for the first time, we produce highly efficient and mechanically robust PSCs with a 15% PCE and 10% COS at the same time, thereby demonstrating their great potential as stretchable or wearable power generators. To understand the origin of the dual enhancements realized by P A, we investigate the influence of the P A content on electrical, structural, and morphological properties of the PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Boo Soo Ma
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Jun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- . (T.-S.K.)
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- . (B.J.K.)
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42
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Zhu Q, Xue J, Zhang L, Wen J, Lin B, Naveed HB, Bi Z, Xin J, Zhao H, Zhao C, Zhou K, Frank Liu S, Ma W. Intermolecular Interaction Control Enables Co-optimization of Efficiency, Deformability, Mechanical and Thermal Stability of Stretchable Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007011. [PMID: 33719196 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Promoting efficiency, deformability, and life expectancy of stretchable organic solar cells (OSCs) have always been key concerns that researchers are committed to solving. However, how to improve them simultaneously remains challenging, as morphology parameters, such as ordered molecular arrangement, beneficial for highly efficient devices actually limits mechanical stability and deformability. In this study, the unfavorable trade-off among these properties has been reconciled in an all-polymer model system utilizing a mechanically deformable guest component. The success of this strategy stems from introducing a highly ductile component without compromising the pristine optimized morphology. Preferable interaction between two donors can maintain the fiber-like structure while enhancing the photocurrent to improve efficiency. Morphology evolution detected via grazing incidence X-ray scattering and in situ UV-vis absorption spectra during stretching have verified the critical role of strengthened interaction on stabilizing morphology against external forces. The strengthened interaction also benefits thermal stability, enabling the ternary films with small efficiency degradation after heating 1500 h under 80 °C. This work highlights the effect of morphology evolution on mechanical stability and provides new insights from the view of intermolecular interaction to fabricate highly efficient, stable, and stretchable/wearable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jingwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jialun Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Baojun Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hafiz Bilal Naveed
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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43
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Kwon NY, Park SH, Kang H, Kim YU, Chau HD, Harit AK, Woo HY, Yoon HJ, Cho MJ, Choi DH. Improved Stability of All-Polymer Solar Cells Using Crosslinkable Donor and Acceptor Polymers Bearing Vinyl Moieties in the Side-Chains. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16754-16765. [PMID: 33793188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinkable polymers have attracted tremendous attention in various fields of science and technology, owing to their potential utilization in applications requiring dimensional and morphological stability under thermal and mechanical stress. In this study, random terpolymers were successfully synthesized by introducing thiophene-based monomers bearing vinyl functional groups in the side-chain of the polymer donor (PBDBT-BV20) and polymer acceptor (N2200-TV10) structures. The physical properties of the blend films of PBDBT-BV20 and N2200-TV10 before and after thermal crosslinking were extensively investigated and compared to those of the homogeneous individual polymer films. The results revealed that a network polymer with donor and acceptor polymer chains, which can lock the internal morphology, could be achieved by inducing crosslinking between the vinyl groups in the mixed state of PBDBT-BV20 and N2200-TV10. In addition, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the polymer solar cells (PSCs) containing the blend films that were crosslinked by a two-step thermal annealing process was improved. The enhanced PCE could be attributed to the individual crystallization of PBDBT-BV20 and N2200-TV10 in the blend phase at 120 °C and then thermal crosslinking at 140 °C. In addition, the PSCs with the crosslinked blend film exhibited an excellent shelf-life of over 1200 h and a thermally stable PCE. Furthermore, the crosslinked blend film exhibited excellent mechanical stability under bending stress in flexible PSCs using plastic substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Su Hong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hungu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young Un Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hong Diem Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Amit Kumar Harit
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min Ju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
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44
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10137-10146. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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45
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Yu H, Pan M, Sun R, Agunawela I, Zhang J, Li Y, Qi Z, Han H, Zou X, Zhou W, Chen S, Lai JYL, Luo S, Luo Z, Zhao D, Lu X, Ade H, Huang F, Min J, Yan H. Regio‐Regular Polymer Acceptors Enabled by Determined Fluorination on End Groups for All‐Polymer Solar Cells with 15.2 % Efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rui Sun
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Indunil Agunawela
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Han Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Shangshang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenghui Luo
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL) North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold Zhengzhou University Ministry of Education 450002 Zhengzhou China
| | - He Yan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology–Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China
- Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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46
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Song SW, Lee S, Choe JK, Kim NH, Kang J, Lee AC, Choi Y, Choi A, Jeong Y, Lee W, Kim JY, Kwon S, Kim J. Direct 2D-to-3D transformation of pen drawings. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/13/eabf3804. [PMID: 33762344 PMCID: PMC7990349 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pen drawing is a method that allows simple, inexpensive, and intuitive two-dimensional (2D) fabrication. To integrate such advantages of pen drawing in fabricating 3D objects, we developed a 3D fabrication technology that can directly transform pen-drawn 2D precursors into 3D geometries. 2D-to-3D transformation of pen drawings is facilitated by surface tension-driven capillary peeling and floating of dried ink film when the drawing is dipped into an aqueous monomer solution. Selective control of the floating and anchoring parts of a 2D precursor allowed the 2D drawing to transform into the designed 3D structure. The transformed 3D geometry can then be fixed by structural reinforcement using surface-initiated polymerization. By transforming simple pen-drawn 2D structures into complex 3D structures, our approach enables freestyle rapid prototyping via pen drawing, as well as mass production of 3D objects via roll-to-roll processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Woo Song
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jun Kyu Choe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Na-Hyang Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Junwon Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Amos Chungwon Lee
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeongjae Choi
- Nano Systems Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Ahyoun Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jeong
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Wooseok Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kwon
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Nano Systems Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea.
- Center for Multidimensional Programmable Matter, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
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47
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Kim JH, Park JW. Intrinsically stretchable organic light-emitting diodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/9/eabd9715. [PMID: 33627424 PMCID: PMC7904263 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Soft and conformable optoelectronic devices for wearable and implantable electronics require mechanical stretchability. However, very few researches have been done for intrinsically stretchable light-emitting diodes. Here, we present an intrinsically stretchable organic light-emitting diode, whose constituent materials are all highly stretchable. The resulting intrinsically stretchable organic light-emitting diode can emit light when exposed to strains as large as 80%. The turn-on voltage is as low as 8 V, and the maximum luminance, which is a summation of the luminance values from both the anode and cathode sides, is 4400 cd m-2 It can also survive repeated stretching cycles up to 200 times, and small stretching to 50% is shown to substantially enhance its light-emitting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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48
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Zhu C, Li Z, Zhong W, Peng F, Zeng Z, Ying L, Huang F, Cao Y. Constructing a new polymer acceptor enabled non-halogenated solvent-processed all-polymer solar cell with an efficiency of 13.8%. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:935-938. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07213c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The new polymer donor PS1 can be easily dissolved in a non-chlorinated solvent, and it exhibited a remarkable PCE when processed with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhenye Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Wenkai Zhong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Feng Peng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhaomiyi Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Lei Ying
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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49
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Seo S, Kim J, Kang H, Lee JW, Lee S, Kim GU, Kim BJ. Polymer Donors with Temperature-Insensitive, Strong Aggregation Properties Enabling Additive-Free, Processing Temperature-Tolerant High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soodeok Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseck Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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50
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Luo Z, Liu T, Ma R, Xiao Y, Zhan L, Zhang G, Sun H, Ni F, Chai G, Wang J, Zhong C, Zou Y, Guo X, Lu X, Chen H, Yan H, Yang C. Precisely Controlling the Position of Bromine on the End Group Enables Well-Regular Polymer Acceptors for All-Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiencies over 15. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2005942. [PMID: 33118246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of polymerized A-D-A-type small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) have promoted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) over 13%. However, the monomer of an SMA typically consists of a mixture of three isomers due to the regio-isomeric brominated end groups (IC-Br(in) and IC-Br(out)). In this work, the two isomeric end groups are successfully separated, the regioisomeric issue is solved, and three polymer acceptors, named PY-IT, PY-OT, and PY-IOT, are developed, where PY-IOT is a random terpolymer with the same ratio of the two acceptors. Interestingly, from PY-OT, PY-IOT to PY-IT, the absorption edge gradually redshifts and electron mobility progressively increases. Theory calculation indicates that the LUMOs are distributed on the entire molecular backbone of PY-IT, contributing to the enhanced electron transport. Consequently, the PM6:PY-IT system achieves an excellent PCE of 15.05%, significantly higher than those for PY-OT (10.04%) and PY-IOT (12.12%). Morphological and device characterization reveals that the highest PCE for the PY-IT-based device is the fruit of enhanced absorption, more balanced charge transport, and favorable morphology. This work demonstrates that the site of polymerization on SMAs strongly affects device performance, offering insights into the development of efficient polymer acceptors for all-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Luo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Xiao
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular, Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Guangye Zhang
- eFlexPV Limited (China), Plant B701, Guofu Cultural Creative Industry Plant Area, No. 16, Lanjing Middle Road, Zhukeng Community, Longtian Street, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
- eFlexPV Limited, Flat/RM B, 12/F, Hang Seng Causeway Bay BLDG, 28 Yee Wo Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Fan Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Gaoda Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic Electronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular, Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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