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Beyze A, Larroque C, Le Quintrec M. The role of antibody glycosylation in autoimmune and alloimmune kidney diseases. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:672-689. [PMID: 38961307 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin glycosylation is a pivotal mechanism that drives the diversification of antibody functions. The composition of the IgG glycome is influenced by environmental factors, genetic traits and inflammatory contexts. Differential IgG glycosylation has been shown to intricately modulate IgG effector functions and has a role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Analysis of IgG glycosylation is therefore a promising tool for predicting disease severity. Several autoimmune and alloimmune disorders, including critical and potentially life-threatening conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and antibody-mediated kidney graft rejection, are driven by immunoglobulin. In certain IgG-driven kidney diseases, including primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, particular glycome characteristics can enhance in situ complement activation and the recruitment of innate immune cells, resulting in more severe kidney damage. Hypofucosylation, hypogalactosylation and hyposialylation are the most common IgG glycosylation traits identified in these diseases. Modulating IgG glycosylation could therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune mechanisms that underlie IgG-driven kidney diseases and potentially reduce the burden of immunosuppressive drugs in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Beyze
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Christian Larroque
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Moglie Le Quintrec
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, IRMB U1183, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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2
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Deane KD, Holers VM, Emery P, Mankia K, El Gabalawy H, Sparks JA, Costenbader KH, Schett G, van der Helm-van Mil A, van Schaardenburg D, Thomas R, Cope AP. Therapeutic interception in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis to prevent clinically impactful disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224211. [PMID: 39242182 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Multiple clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prevention have been completed. Here, we set out to report on the lessons learnt from these studies. Researchers who conducted RA prevention trials shared the background, rationale, approach and outcomes and evaluated the lessons learnt to inform the next generation of RA prevention trials. Individuals at risk of RA can be identified through population screening, referrals to musculoskeletal programmes and by recognition of arthralgia suspicious for RA. Clinical trials in individuals at risk for future clinical RA have demonstrated that limited courses of corticosteroids, atorvastatin and hydroxychloroquine do not alter incidence rates of clinical RA; however, rituximab delays clinical RA onset, and methotrexate has transient effects in individuals who are anticitrullinated protein antibody-positive with subclinical joint inflammation identified by imaging. Abatacept delays clinical RA onset but does not fully prevent onset of RA after treatment cessation. Additionally, subclinical joint inflammation and symptoms appear responsive to interventions such as methotrexate and abatacept. To advance prevention, next steps include building networks of individuals at risk for RA, to improve risk stratification for future RA and to understand the biological mechanisms of RA development, including potential endotypes of disease, which can be targeted for prevention, thus adopting a more precision-based approach. Future trials should focus on interceptions aimed at preventing clinical RA onset and which treat existing symptoms and imaging-defined subclinical inflammation. These trials may include advanced designs (eg, adaptive) and should be combined with mechanistic studies to further define pathophysiological drivers of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Kulveer Mankia
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Hani El Gabalawy
- Departments of Medicine and Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen H Costenbader
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georg Schett
- Rheumatology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annette van der Helm-van Mil
- Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ranjeny Thomas
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew P Cope
- Academic Department of Rheumatology, Kings College London, London, UK
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3
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Mackin SR, Sariol A, Diamond MS. Antibody-mediated control mechanisms of viral infections. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39162394 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Antibodies generated after vaccination or natural pathogen exposure are essential mediators of protection against many infections. Most studies with viruses have focused on antibody neutralization, in which protection is conferred by the fragment antigen binding region (Fab) through targeting of different steps in the viral lifecycle including attachment, internalization, fusion, and egress. Beyond neutralization, the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of antibodies can integrate innate and adaptive immune responses by engaging complement components and distinct Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) on different host immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of antibody neutralization and Fc effector functions, and the assays used to measure them. Additionally, we describe the contexts in which these mechanisms are associated with protection against viruses and highlight how Fc-FcγR interactions can improve the potency of antibody-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Mackin
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology and Center for Genome Sciences, Lab & Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alan Sariol
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology and Center for Genome Sciences, Lab & Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky the Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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4
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Goff SH, Bergstedt DT, Feser ML, Moss L, Mikuls TR, Edison JD, Holers VM, Martinez-Prat L, Aure MAR, Mahler M, Deane KD. Multi-Autoantibody Testing Identifies Expansion of Reactivity to Targeted Antigens Before a Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2024. [PMID: 38950890 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a "pre-RA" period in which multiple autoantibodies, including antibodies to citrullinated (cit) proteins (ACPA), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-peptidyl arginine deiminase (anti-PAD), among others, have been described; however, few studies have tested all autoantibodies in a single pre-RA cohort. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of multiple autoantibodies in pre-RA and potentially identify an autoantibody profile in pre-RA that indicates imminent onset of clinical RA. METHODS We evaluated 148 individuals with two pre- and one post-RA diagnosis samples available from the Department of Defense Serum Repository and matched controls. Samples were tested for immuglobulin (Ig) G anti-cyclic cit peptide-3 (anti-CCP3), five ACPA fine specificities, five anti-PAD isoforms, as well as RF IgA and RF IgM using commercial platforms; cutoffs were determined using levels present in <1% of controls. RESULTS Positivity of anti-CCP3, RF IgA and RF IgM, anti-PAD1, anti-cit-vimentin 2, anti-cit-fibrinogen, and anti-cit-histone 1 increased over time in pre-RA, although anti-PAD and ACPA fine specificities were predominately present within anti-CCP3-positive individuals. Within anti-CCP3-positive samples from the pre-RA period, positivity for RFs as well as anti-PAD and ACPA fine specificities classified samples as being closer to the time of RA diagnosis. CONCLUSION Multiple autoantibodies are present in pre-RA and increase in positivity as the time of RA diagnosis approaches. These results confirm previous findings predicting imminent RA and provide a pathway using commercial-grade assays to assess the risk for and timing of development of clinical RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina H Goff
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | | | - Marie L Feser
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - LauraKay Moss
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Ted R Mikuls
- University of Nebraska Medical Center and VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha
| | - Jess D Edison
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin D Deane
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
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Pongracz T, Biewenga M, Stoelinga AEC, Bladergroen MR, Nicolardi S, Trouw LA, Wuhrer M, de Haan N, van Hoek B. Autoimmune hepatitis displays distinctively high multi-antennary sialylation on plasma N-glycans compared to other liver diseases. J Transl Med 2024; 22:456. [PMID: 38745252 PMCID: PMC11092172 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in plasma protein glycosylation are known to functionally affect proteins and to associate with liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease characterized by liver inflammation and raised serum levels of IgG, and is difficult to distinguish from other liver diseases. The aim of this study was to examine plasma and IgG-specific N-glycosylation in AIH and compare it with healthy controls and other liver diseases. METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study, total plasma N-glycosylation and IgG Fc glycosylation analysis was performed by mass spectrometry for 66 AIH patients, 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, 31 primary biliary cholangitis patients, 10 primary sclerosing cholangitis patients, 30 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and 74 patients with viral or alcoholic hepatitis. A total of 121 glycans were quantified per individual. Associations between glycosylation traits and AIH were investigated as compared to healthy controls and other liver diseases. RESULTS Glycan traits bisection (OR: 3.78 [1.88-9.35], p-value: 5.88 × 10- 3), tetraantennary sialylation per galactose (A4GS) (OR: 2.88 [1.75-5.16], p-value: 1.63 × 10- 3), IgG1 galactosylation (OR: 0.35 [0.2-0.58], p-value: 3.47 × 10- 5) and hybrid type glycans (OR: 2.73 [1.67-4.89], p-value: 2.31 × 10- 3) were found as discriminators between AIH and healthy controls. High A4GS differentiated AIH from other liver diseases, while bisection associated with cirrhosis severity. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other liver diseases, AIH shows distinctively high A4GS levels in plasma, with potential implications on glycoprotein function and clearance. Plasma-derived glycosylation has potential to be used as a diagnostic marker for AIH in the future. This may alleviate the need for a liver biopsy at diagnosis. Glycosidic changes should be investigated further in longitudinal studies and may be used for diagnostic and monitoring purposes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Pongracz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Biewenga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Eva Charlotte Stoelinga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Marco René Bladergroen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Nicolardi
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Leendert Adrianus Trouw
- Department Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.
| | - Bart van Hoek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
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6
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Giron LB, Liu Q, Adeniji OS, Yin X, Kannan T, Ding J, Lu DY, Langan S, Zhang J, Azevedo JLLC, Li SH, Shalygin S, Azadi P, Hanna DB, Ofotokun I, Lazar J, Fischl MA, Haberlen S, Macatangay B, Adimora AA, Jamieson BD, Rinaldo C, Merenstein D, Roan NR, Kutsch O, Gange S, Wolinsky SM, Witt MD, Post WS, Kossenkov A, Landay AL, Frank I, Tien PC, Gross R, Brown TT, Abdel-Mohsen M. Immunoglobulin G N-glycan markers of accelerated biological aging during chronic HIV infection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3035. [PMID: 38600088 PMCID: PMC11006954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) experience increased vulnerability to premature aging and inflammation-associated comorbidities, even when HIV replication is suppressed by antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the factors associated with this vulnerability remain uncertain. In the general population, alterations in the N-glycans on IgGs trigger inflammation and precede the onset of aging-associated diseases. Here, we investigate the IgG N-glycans in cross-sectional and longitudinal samples from 1214 women and men, living with and without HIV. PLWH exhibit an accelerated accumulation of pro-aging-associated glycan alterations and heightened expression of senescence-associated glycan-degrading enzymes compared to controls. These alterations correlate with elevated markers of inflammation and the severity of comorbidities, potentially preceding the development of such comorbidities. Mechanistically, HIV-specific antibodies glycoengineered with these alterations exhibit a reduced ability to elicit anti-HIV Fc-mediated immune activities. These findings hold potential for the development of biomarkers and tools to identify and prevent premature aging and comorbidities in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David Y Lu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shuk Hang Li
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Igho Ofotokun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason Lazar
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret A Fischl
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nadia R Roan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olaf Kutsch
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Mallory D Witt
- Lundquist Institute of Biomedical Research at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ian Frank
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Gross
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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7
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Gleeson PJ, Benech N, Chemouny J, Metallinou E, Berthelot L, da Silva J, Bex-Coudrat J, Boedec E, Canesi F, Bounaix C, Morelle W, Moya-Nilges M, Kenny J, O'Mahony L, Saveanu L, Arnulf B, Sannier A, Daugas E, Vrtovsnik F, Lepage P, Sokol H, Monteiro RC. The gut microbiota posttranslationally modifies IgA1 in autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadl6149. [PMID: 38536935 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the disruption of self-tolerance in acquired autoimmunity remain unclear. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is an acquired autoimmune disease where deglycosylated IgA1 (IgA subclass 1) auto-antigens are recognized by IgG auto-antibodies, forming immune complexes that are deposited in the kidneys, leading to glomerulonephritis. In the intestinal microbiota of patients with IgA nephropathy, there was increased relative abundance of mucin-degrading bacteria, including Akkermansia muciniphila. IgA1 was deglycosylated by A. muciniphila both in vitro and in the intestinal lumen of mice. This generated neo-epitopes that were recognized by autoreactive IgG from the sera of patients with IgA nephropathy. Mice expressing human IgA1 and the human Fc α receptor I (α1KI-CD89tg) that underwent intestinal colonization by A. muciniphila developed an aggravated IgA nephropathy phenotype. After deglycosylation of IgA1 by A. muciniphila in the mouse gut lumen, IgA1 crossed the intestinal epithelium into the circulation by retrotranscytosis and became deposited in the glomeruli of mouse kidneys. Human α-defensins-a risk locus for IgA nephropathy-inhibited growth of A. muciniphila in vitro. A negative correlation observed between stool concentration of α-defensin 6 and quantity of A. muciniphila in the guts of control participants was lost in patients with IgA nephropathy. This study demonstrates that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to generation of auto-antigens in patients with IgA nephropathy and in a mouse model of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Gleeson
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337 Ireland
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - Nicolas Benech
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris 75012, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris 75012, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, CRCL, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Jonathan Chemouny
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Eleftheria Metallinou
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Laureline Berthelot
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Jennifer da Silva
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Julie Bex-Coudrat
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Erwan Boedec
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Fanny Canesi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Carine Bounaix
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Willy Morelle
- Université Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Française, UMR 8576-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maryse Moya-Nilges
- Unité Technologie et Service Bioimagerie Ultrastructurale (UTechS UBI), Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - John Kenny
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996 Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, T12 YT20 Ireland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 Y337 Ireland
| | - Loredana Saveanu
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
| | - Bertrand Arnulf
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Saint Louis, Service d'Immuno-Hématologie, Myosotis 4, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Sannier
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service d'Anatomie-Pathologique, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - François Vrtovsnik
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Néphrologie, Paris 75018, France
| | - Patricia Lepage
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, Saint Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris 75012, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris 75012, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Renato C Monteiro
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR1149 and CNRS EMR8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris 75018, France
- AP-HP, Nord/université de Paris, hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service d'Immunologie, 75018 Paris, France
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8
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Bowman KA, Wiggins CD, DeRiso E, Paul S, Strle K, Branda JA, Steere AC, Lauffenburger DA, Alter G. Borrelia-specific antibody profiles and complement deposition in joint fluid distinguish antibiotic-refractory from -responsive Lyme arthritis. iScience 2024; 27:108804. [PMID: 38303696 PMCID: PMC10830897 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme arthritis, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common feature of late disseminated Lyme disease in the United States. While most Lyme arthritis resolves with antibiotics, termed "antibiotic-responsive", some individuals develop progressive synovitis despite antibiotic therapy, called "antibiotic-refractory" Lyme arthritis (LA). The primary drivers behind antibiotic-refractory arthritis remain incompletely understood. We performed a matched, cross-compartmental comparison of antibody profiles from blood and joint fluid of individuals with antibiotic-responsive (n = 11) or antibiotic-refractory LA (n = 31). While serum antibody profiles poorly discriminated responsive from refractory patients, a discrete profile of B.burgdorferi-specific antibodies in joint fluid discriminated antibiotic-responsive from refractory LA. Cross-compartmental comparison of antibody glycosylation, IgA1, and antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD) revealed more poorly coordinated humoral responses and increased ADCD in refractory disease. These data reveal B.burgdorferi-specific serological markers that may support early stratification and clinical management, and point to antibody-dependent complement activation as a key mechanism underlying persistent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. Bowman
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christine D. Wiggins
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elizabeth DeRiso
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Steffan Paul
- Marks Group, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klemen Strle
- Tufts University School of Medicine Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A. Branda
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allen C. Steere
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Douglas A. Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Moderna Therapeutics Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Rudbaek JJ, Agrawal M, Torres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Jess T. Deciphering the different phases of preclinical inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:86-100. [PMID: 37950021 PMCID: PMC11148654 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) of the gastrointestinal tract and includes two subtypes: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It is well-recognized that IBD is associated with a complex multifactorial aetiology that includes genetic predisposition and environmental exposures, with downstream dysregulation of systemic immune function and host-microbial interactions in the local environment in the gut. Evidence to support the notion of a multistage development of IBD is growing, as has been observed in other IMIDs such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. With the rising worldwide incidence of IBD, it is increasingly important to understand the complex interplay of pathological events during the different stages of disease development to enable IBD prediction and prevention strategies. In this article, we review comprehensively the current evidence pertaining to the preclinical phase of IBD, including at-risk, initiation and expansion phases. We also discuss the framework of preclinical IBD, expanding on underlying pathways in IBD development, future research directions and IBD development in the context of other IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J Rudbaek
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section for Biomarkers, Immunology and Antibodies, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhangen, Denmark
| | - Manasi Agrawal
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joana Torres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, Loures, Portugal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tine Jess
- Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
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10
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Shrestha S, Wiener HW, Kajimoto H, Srinivasasainagendra V, Ledee D, Chowdhury S, Cui J, Chen JY, Beckley MA, Padilla LA, Dahdah N, Tiwari HK, Portman MA. Pharmacogenomics of intravenous immunoglobulin response in Kawasaki disease. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1287094. [PMID: 38259468 PMCID: PMC10800400 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kawasaki disease (KD) is a diffuse vasculitis in children. Response to high dose intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG), the primary treatment, varies according to genetic background. We sought to identify genetic loci, which associate with treatment response using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Method We performed WGS in 472 KD patients with 305 IVIG responders and 167 non-responders defined by AHA clinical criteria. We conducted logistic regression models to test additive genetic effect in the entire cohort and in four subgroups defined by ancestry information markers (Whites, African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics). We performed functional mapping and annotation using FUMA to examine genetic variants that are potentially involved IVIG non-response. Further, we conducted SNP-set [Sequence] Kernel Association Test (SKAT) for all rare and common variants. Results Of the 43,288,336 SNPs (23,660,970 in intergenic regions, 16,764,594 in introns and 556,814 in the exons) identified, the top ten hits associated with IVIG non-response were in FANK1, MAP2K3:KCNJ12, CA10, FRG1DP, CWH43 regions. When analyzed separately in ancestry-based racial subgroups, SNPs in several novel genes were associated. A total of 23 possible causal genes were pinpointed by positional and chromatin mapping. SKAT analysis demonstrated association in the entire MANIA2, EDN1, SFMBT2, and PPP2R5E genes and segments of CSMD2, LINC01317, HIVEPI, HSP90AB1, and TTLL11 genes. Conclusions This WGS study identified multiple predominantly novel understudied genes associated with IVIG response. These data can serve to inform regarding pathogenesis of KD, as well as lay ground work for developing treatment response predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Howard W. Wiener
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hidemi Kajimoto
- Division of Cardiology, Seattle Children’s and University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Dolena Ledee
- Division of Cardiology, Seattle Children’s and University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sabrina Chowdhury
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jinhong Cui
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jake Y. Chen
- Informatics Institute, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mikayla A Beckley
- Division of Cardiology, Seattle Children’s and University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Luz A. Padilla
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nagib Dahdah
- CHU Ste-Justine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael A. Portman
- Division of Cardiology, Seattle Children’s and University of Washington Department of Pediatrics, Seattle, WA, United States
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11
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Giron LB, Liu Q, Adeniji OS, Yin X, Kannan T, Ding J, Lu DY, Langan S, Zhang J, Azevedo JLLC, Li SH, Shalygin S, Azadi P, Hanna DB, Ofotokun I, Lazar J, Fischl MA, Haberlen S, Macatangay B, Adimora AA, Jamieson BD, Rinaldo C, Merenstein D, Roan NR, Kutsch O, Gange S, Wolinsky S, Witt M, Post WS, Kossenkov A, Landay A, Frank I, Tien PC, Gross R, Brown TT, Abdel-Mohsen M. Plasma Glycomic Markers of Accelerated Biological Aging During Chronic HIV Infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.551369. [PMID: 37609144 PMCID: PMC10441429 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.551369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) experience an increased vulnerability to premature aging and inflammation-associated comorbidities, even when HIV replication is suppressed by antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the factors that contribute to or are associated with this vulnerability remain uncertain. In the general population, alterations in the glycomes of circulating IgGs trigger inflammation and precede the onset of aging-associated diseases. Here, we investigate the IgG glycomes of cross-sectional and longitudinal samples from 1,216 women and men, both living with virally suppressed HIV and those without HIV. Our glycan-based machine learning models indicate that living with chronic HIV significantly accelerates the accumulation of pro-aging-associated glycomic alterations. Consistently, PWH exhibit heightened expression of senescence-associated glycan-degrading enzymes compared to their controls. These glycomic alterations correlate with elevated markers of inflammatory aging and the severity of comorbidities, potentially preceding the development of such comorbidities. Mechanistically, HIV-specific antibodies glycoengineered with these alterations exhibit reduced anti-HIV IgG-mediated innate immune functions. These findings hold significant potential for the development of glycomic-based biomarkers and tools to identify and prevent premature aging and comorbidities in people living with chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David Y. Lu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shuk Hang Li
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Igho Ofotokun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason Lazar
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nadia R. Roan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olaf Kutsch
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | | | - Mallory Witt
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ian Frank
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Phyllis C. Tien
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert Gross
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Seymour BJ, Trent B, Allen BE, Berlinberg AJ, Tangchittsumran J, Jubair WK, Chriswell ME, Liu S, Ornelas A, Stahly A, Alexeev EE, Dowdell AS, Sneed SL, Fechtner S, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Anthony RM, Frank DN, Colgan SP, Kuhn KA. Microbiota-dependent indole production stimulates the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e167671. [PMID: 38113112 PMCID: PMC10866668 DOI: 10.1172/jci167671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered tryptophan catabolism has been identified in inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), but the causal mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolites to disease are unknown. Using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, we identified alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and specifically indole, that correlated with disease. We demonstrated that both bacteria and dietary tryptophan were required for disease and that indole supplementation was sufficient to induce disease in their absence. When mice with CIA on a low-tryptophan diet were supplemented with indole, we observed significant increases in serum IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β; splenic RORγt+CD4+ T cells and ex vivo collagen-stimulated IL-17 production; and a pattern of anti-collagen antibody isotype switching and glycosylation that corresponded with increased complement fixation. IL-23 neutralization reduced disease severity in indole-induced CIA. Finally, exposure of human colonic lymphocytes to indole increased the expression of genes involved in IL-17 signaling and plasma cell activation. Altogether, we propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis during inflammatory arthritis results in altered tryptophan catabolism, leading to indole stimulation of arthritis development. Blockade of indole generation may present a unique therapeutic pathway for RA and SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Alfredo Ornelas
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Erica E. Alexeev
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander S. Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M. Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Dillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Cara C. Wilson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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13
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Turčić A, Radovani B, Vogrinc Ž, Habek M, Rogić D, Gabelić T, Zaninović L, Lauc G, Gudelj I. Higher MRI lesion load in multiple sclerosis is related to the N-glycosylation changes of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin G. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:104921. [PMID: 37634467 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrathecal clonal expansion of antibody-producing plasma cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) perpetuates central nervous system injury and is associated with active demyelination. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) effector functions are modulated by linked N-glycan structures. The aim of the study was to detect potential differences in N-glycosylation of IgG in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and total sera proteins between people with MS and those in whom the diagnosis of MS was excluded. Furthermore, we investigated the association with standard laboratory biomarkers of intrathecal inflammation as well as clinical and neuroradiological disease activity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients with suspected demyelinating disease. MS diagnosis was based on the 2017 McDonald criteria and controls were patients with excluded MS diagnosis. N-glycans were compared with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of disease activity and biomarkers of intrathecal inflammation (cell count, CSF-IgG concentration, percentage of intrathecal IgG, oligoclonal bands (OCB), virus-specific antibody index (MRZH reaction)). RESULTS Differences between groups were observed only in the CSF-IgG N-glycome. In MS, the presence of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (Padj=2.63E-05) and monogalactosylation (Padj=1.49E-06) were more abundant and associated with positive OCBs. N-glycans monogalactosylated at the α6 arm FA2[6]G1 (r = 0.56) and FA2[6]BG1 (r = 0.45) correlated with percentage of intrathecal IgG, but not total CSF-IgG. This trait was also more abundant in MRZH positive people with MS who had higher MRI lesion load (P = 0.018) but unrelated to active lesions or EDSS. CONCLUSIONS More abundant monogalactosylation of intrathecally synthesized IgG is the most prominent trait in MS and is associated with higher MRI lesion load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Turčić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Radovani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Željka Vogrinc
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Habek
- Department of Neurology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Rogić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tereza Gabelić
- Department of Neurology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljiljana Zaninović
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Gudelj
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia; Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.
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14
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Seymour BJ, Trent B, Allen B, Berlinberg AJ, Tangchittsumran J, Jubair WK, Chriswell ME, Liu S, Ornelas A, Stahly A, Alexeev EE, Dowdell AS, Sneed SL, Fechtner S, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Anthony RM, Frank DN, Colgan SP, Kuhn KA. Microbiota-dependent indole production is required for the development of collagen-induced arthritis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.13.561693. [PMID: 37873395 PMCID: PMC10592798 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.13.561693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Altered tryptophan catabolism has been identified in inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), but the causal mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolites to disease are unknown. Using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model we identify alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and specifically indole, that correlate with disease. We demonstrate that both bacteria and dietary tryptophan are required for disease, and indole supplementation is sufficient to induce disease in their absence. When mice with CIA on a low-tryptophan diet were supplemented with indole, we observed significant increases in serum IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β; splenic RORγt+CD4+ T cells and ex vivo collagen-stimulated IL-17 production; and a pattern of anti-collagen antibody isotype switching and glycosylation that corresponded with increased complement fixation. IL-23 neutralization reduced disease severity in indole-induced CIA. Finally, exposure of human colon lymphocytes to indole increased expression of genes involved in IL-17 signaling and plasma cell activation. Altogether, we propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis during inflammatory arthritis results in altered tryptophan catabolism, leading to indole stimulation of arthritis development. Blockade of indole generation may present a novel therapeutic pathway for RA and SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J. Seymour
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brendan Allen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adam J. Berlinberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jimmy Tangchittsumran
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Widian K. Jubair
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alfredo Ornelas
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erica E. Alexeev
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexander S. Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Fechtner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Dillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cara C. Wilson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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15
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García-Alija M, van Moer B, Sastre DE, Azzam T, Du JJ, Trastoy B, Callewaert N, Sundberg EJ, Guerin ME. Modulating antibody effector functions by Fc glycoengineering. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108201. [PMID: 37336296 PMCID: PMC11027751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibody based drugs, including IgG monoclonal antibodies, are an expanding class of therapeutics widely employed to treat cancer, autoimmune and infectious diseases. IgG antibodies have a conserved N-glycosylation site at Asn297 that bears complex type N-glycans which, along with other less conserved N- and O-glycosylation sites, fine-tune effector functions, complement activation, and half-life of antibodies. Fucosylation, galactosylation, sialylation, bisection and mannosylation all generate glycoforms that interact in a specific manner with different cellular antibody receptors and are linked to a distinct functional profile. Antibodies, including those employed in clinical settings, are generated with a mixture of glycoforms attached to them, which has an impact on their efficacy, stability and effector functions. It is therefore of great interest to produce antibodies containing only tailored glycoforms with specific effects associated with them. To this end, several antibody engineering strategies have been developed, including the usage of engineered mammalian cell lines, in vitro and in vivo glycoengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel García-Alija
- Structural Glycobiology Laboratory, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia 48903, Spain
| | - Berre van Moer
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium
| | - Diego E Sastre
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tala Azzam
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jonathan J Du
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Beatriz Trastoy
- Structural Glycoimmunology Laboratory, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, 48903, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Nico Callewaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Zwijnaarde, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent (Zwijnaarde), Belgium.
| | - Eric J Sundberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Marcelo E Guerin
- Structural Glycobiology Laboratory, Biocruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia 48903, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
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16
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Trzos S, Link-Lenczowski P, Pocheć E. The role of N-glycosylation in B-cell biology and IgG activity. The aspects of autoimmunity and anti-inflammatory therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188838. [PMID: 37575234 PMCID: PMC10415207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is strictly regulated by glycosylation through the addition of highly diverse and dynamically changing sugar structures (glycans) to the majority of immune cell receptors. Although knowledge in the field of glycoimmunology is still limited, numerous studies point to the key role of glycosylation in maintaining homeostasis, but also in reflecting its disruption. Changes in oligosaccharide patterns can lead to impairment of both innate and acquired immune responses, with important implications in the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmunity. B cells appear to be unique within the immune system, since they exhibit both innate and adaptive immune activity. B cell surface is rich in glycosylated proteins and lectins which recognise glycosylated ligands on other cells. Glycans are important in the development, selection, and maturation of B cells. Changes in sialylation and fucosylation of cell surface proteins affect B cell signal transduction through BCRs, CD22 inhibitory coreceptor and Siglec-G. Plasmocytes, as the final stage of B cell differentiation, produce and secrete immunoglobulins (Igs), of which IgGs are the most abundant N-glycosylated proteins in human serum with the conserved N-glycosylation site at Asn297. N-oligosaccharide composition of the IgG Fc region affects its secretion, structure, half-life and effector functions (ADCC, CDC). IgG N-glycosylation undergoes little change during homeostasis, and may gradually be modified with age and during ongoing inflammatory processes. Hyperactivated B lymphocytes secrete autoreactive antibodies responsible for the development of autoimmunity. The altered profile of IgG N-glycans contributes to disease progression and remission and is sensitive to the application of therapeutic substances and immunosuppressive agents. In this review, we focus on the role of N-glycans in B-cell biology and IgG activity, the rearrangement of IgG oligosaccharides in aging, autoimmunity and immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Trzos
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Link-Lenczowski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Xu Y, Huo J, Nie R, Ge L, Xie C, Meng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Qin X. Altered profile of glycosylated proteins in serum samples obtained from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis following depletion of highly abundant proteins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182842. [PMID: 37457741 PMCID: PMC10348014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders; however, its underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Although aberrant glycosylation has been implicated in the N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), changes in serum proteins have not been comprehensively characterized. This study aimed to investigate glycosylation profiles in serum samples depleted of highly abundant proteins from patients with HT and propose the potential functions of glycoproteins for further studies on the pathological mechanisms of HT. Methods A lectin microarray containing 70 lectins was used to detect and analyze glycosylation of serum proteins using serum samples (N=27 HT; N=26 healthy control [HC]) depleted of abundant proteins. Significant differences in glycosylation status between HT patients and the HC group were verified using lectin blot analysis. A lectin-based pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry was used to investigate potential glycoproteins combined with differentially present lectins, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to identify the expression of targeted glycoproteins in 131 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 131 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BTN) patients, 130 patients with HT, and 128 HCs. Results Compared with the HC group, the majority of the lectin binding signals in HT group were weakened, while the Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) binding signal was increased. The difference in VVA binding signals verified by lectin blotting was consistent with the results of the lectin microarray. A total of 113 potential VVA-binding glycoproteins were identified by mass spectrometry and classified by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses. Using ELISA, we confirmed that lactoferrin (LTF) and mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease 1 (MASP-1) levels were elevated in the serum of patients with HT and PTC. Conclusion Following depletion of abundant proteins, remaining serum proteins in HT patients exhibited lower glycosylation levels than those observed in HCs. An increased level of potential VVA-binding glycoproteins may play an important role in HT development. LTF and MASP-1 expression was significantly higher in the serum of HT and PTC patients, providing novel insight into HT and PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozheng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiawen Huo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruili Nie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lili Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Chonghong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shenyang, China
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18
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Xu Z, Liu Y, He S, Sun R, Zhu C, Li S, Hai S, Luo Y, Zhao Y, Dai L. Integrative Proteomics and N-Glycoproteomics Analyses of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovium Reveal Immune-Associated Glycopeptides. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100540. [PMID: 37019382 PMCID: PMC10176071 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a typical autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, synovial tissue hyperplasia, and destruction of bone and cartilage. Protein glycosylation plays key roles in the pathogenesis of RA but in-depth glycoproteomics analysis of synovial tissues is still lacking. Here, by using a strategy to quantify intact N-glycopeptides, we identified 1260 intact N-glycopeptides from 481 N-glycosites on 334 glycoproteins in RA synovium. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the hyper-glycosylated proteins in RA were closely linked to immune responses. By using DNASTAR software, we identified 20 N-glycopeptides whose prototype peptides were highly immunogenic. We next calculated the enrichment scores of nine types of immune cells using specific gene sets from public single-cell transcriptomics data of RA and revealed that the N-glycosylation levels at some sites, such as IGSF10_N2147, MOXD2P_N404, and PTCH2_N812, were significantly correlated with the enrichment scores of certain immune cell types. Furthermore, we showed that aberrant N-glycosylation in the RA synovium was related to increased expression of glycosylation enzymes. Collectively, this work presents, for the first time, the N-glycoproteome of RA synovium and describes immune-associated glycosylation, providing novel insights into RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenxi Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Hai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of General Practice, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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Abstract
Glycosylation has a profound influence on protein activity and cell biology through a variety of mechanisms, such as protein stability, receptor interactions and signal transduction. In many rheumatic diseases, a shift in protein glycosylation occurs, and is associated with inflammatory processes and disease progression. For example, the Fc-glycan composition on (auto)antibodies is associated with disease activity, and the presence of additional glycans in the antigen-binding domains of some autoreactive B cell receptors can affect B cell activation. In addition, changes in synovial fibroblast cell-surface glycosylation can alter the synovial microenvironment and are associated with an altered inflammatory state and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. The development of our understanding of the role of glycosylation of plasma proteins (particularly (auto)antibodies), cells and tissues in rheumatic pathological conditions suggests that glycosylation-based interventions could be used in the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Kissel
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thomas W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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20
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Implications of Post-Translational Modifications in Autoimmunity with Emphasis on Citrullination, Homocitrullination and Acetylation for the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415803. [PMID: 36555449 PMCID: PMC9781636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) influence cellular processes and consequently, their dysregulation is related to the etiologies of numerous diseases. It is widely known that a variety of autoimmune responses in human diseases depend on PTMs of self-proteins. In this review we summarize the latest findings about the role of PTMs in the generation of autoimmunity and, specifically, we address the most relevant PTMs in rheumatic diseases that occur in synovial tissue. Citrullination, homocitrullination (carbamylation) and acetylation are responsible for the generation of Anti-Modified Protein/Peptide Antibodies (AMPAs family), autoantibodies which have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synthetic peptides provide complete control over the exact epitopes presented as well as the specific positions in their sequence where post-translationally modified amino acids are located and are key to advancing the detection of serological RA biomarkers that could be useful to stratify RA patients in order to pursue a personalized rheumatology. In this review we specifically address the latest findings regarding synthetic peptides post-translationally modified for the specific detection of autoantibodies in RA patients.
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21
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Wang B, Liu D, Song M, Wang W, Guo B, Wang Y. Immunoglobulin G N-glycan, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in East Asian and European populations: a Mendelian randomization study. Mol Med 2022; 28:114. [PMID: 36104772 PMCID: PMC9476573 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycans have been shown to be associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its risk factors. However, whether these associations reflect causal effects remain unclear. Furthermore, the associations of IgG N-glycans and inflammation are not fully understood. Methods We examined the causal associations of IgG N-glycans with inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen) and T2D using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in East Asian and European populations. Genetic variants from IgG N-glycan quantitative trait loci (QTL) data were used as instrumental variables. Two-sample MR was conducted for IgG N-glycans with inflammation (75,391 and 18,348 participants of CRP and fibrinogen in the East Asian population, 204,402 participants of CRP in the European population) and T2D risk (77,418 cases and 356,122 controls of East Asian ancestry, 81,412 cases and 370,832 controls of European ancestry). Results After correcting for multiple testing, in the East Asian population, genetically determined IgG N-glycans were associated with a higher risk of T2D, the odds ratios (ORs) were 1.009 for T2D per 1- standard deviation (SD) higher GP5, 95% CI = 1.003–1.015; P = 0.0019; and 1.013 for T2D per 1-SD higher GP13, 95% CI = 1.006–1.021; P = 0.0005. In the European population, genetically determined decreased GP9 was associated with T2D (OR = 0.899 per 1-SD lower GP9, 95% CI: 0.845–0.957). In addition, there was suggestive evidence that genetically determined IgG N-glycans were associated with CRP in both East Asian and European populations after correcting for multiple testing, but no associations were found between IgG N-glycans and fibrinogen. There was limited evidence of heterogeneity and pleiotropy bias. Conclusions Our results provided novel genetic evidence that IgG N-glycans are causally associated with T2D. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00543-z.
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22
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Buhre JS, Becker M, Ehlers M. IgG subclass and Fc glycosylation shifts are linked to the transition from pre- to inflammatory autoimmune conditions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006939. [PMID: 36405742 PMCID: PMC9669588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial factor for the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases is the occurrence of antibodies directed against self-tissues and structures, which leads to damage and inflammation. While little is known about the cause of the development of mis-directed, disease-specific T and B cells and resulting IgG autoantibody responses, there is increasing evidence that their induction can occur years before disease symptoms appear. However, a certain proportion of healthy individuals express specific IgG autoantibodies without disease symptoms and not all subjects who generate autoantibodies may develop disease symptoms. Thus, the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases seems to involve two steps. Increasing evidence suggests that harmless self-directed T and B cell and resulting IgG autoantibody responses in the pre-autoimmune disease stage might switch to more inflammatory T and B cell and IgG autoantibody responses that trigger the inflammatory autoimmune disease stage. Here, we summarize findings on the transition from the pre-disease to the disease stage and vice versa, e.g. by pregnancy and treatment, with a focus on low-/anti-inflammatory versus pro-inflammatory IgG autoantibody responses, including IgG subclass and Fc glycosylation features. Characterization of biomarkers that identify the transition from the pre-disease to the disease stage might facilitate recognition of the ideal time point of treatment initiation and the development of therapeutic strategies for re-directing inflammatory autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sophia Buhre
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mareike Becker
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratories of Immunology and Antibody Glycan Analysis, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marc Ehlers,
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23
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Sha J, Fan J, Zhang R, Gu Y, Xu X, Ren S, Gu J. B-cell-specific ablation of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 prevents aging-related IgG glycans changes and improves aging phenotype in mice. J Proteomics 2022; 268:104717. [PMID: 36084919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
IgG N-glycans levels change with advancing age, making it a potential biomarker of aging. β-1,4-galactosyltransferase (B4GALT) gene expression levels also increase with aging. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to examine changes inserum IgG N-glycans at six time points during the aging process. Most serum IgG N-glycans changed with aging in WT but not in CD19-cre B4GALT1 floxed mice. The relative abundance of fucosylated biantennary glycans with or without Neu5Gc structures changed with aging in heterozygous B4GALT1 floxed mice but not in homozygous B4GALT1 floxed mice. Additionally, the aging phenotype was more apparent in WT mice than in B4GALT1 floxed mice. These results demonstrate that fucosylated biantennary glycans and fucosylated biantennary glycans containing N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)-linked N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) were highly associated with aging and were affected by the B4GALT1 floxed mouse genotype. The changing levels of fucosylated monoantennary glycans observed with aging in WT mice was reversed in B4GALT1 floxed mice and was not sex specific. In summary, B-cell-specific ablation of B4GALT1 from a glycoproteomic perspective prevented age-related changes in IgG N-glycans in mice. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, serum IgG glycoproteomic data in wild-type (WT) and B-cell-specific ablation of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 mice (B4GALT) were analyzed. Results showed that fucosylated biantennary glycans with or without N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)-linked N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) were highly associated with aging and were also affected by the B4GALT1 floxed mouse genotype. In terms of gender-specific information, the trend towards elevated fucosylated monoantennary glycans in WT mice was not seen in CD19-cre B4GALT1 floxed mice in either sex. B-cell-specific ablation of B4GALT1 plays an important role in age-related glycan changes; its specific functions and mechanisms are worthy of in-depth study. Our data suggest that investigating the relationship between galactosylation and aging may help advance the field of glycoproteomics and aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Sha
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiteng Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shifang Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jianxin Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Sénard T, Flouri I, Vučković F, Papadaki G, Goutakoli P, Banos A, Pučić-Baković M, Pezer M, Bertsias G, Lauc G, Sidiropoulos P. Baseline IgG-Fc N-glycosylation profile is associated with long-term outcome in a cohort of early inflammatory arthritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:206. [PMID: 36008868 PMCID: PMC9404591 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease for which prediction of long-term prognosis from disease’s outset is not clinically feasible. The importance of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and its Fc N-glycosylation in inflammation is well-known and studies described its relevance for several autoimmune diseases, including RA. Herein we assessed the association between IgG N-glycoforms and disease prognosis at 2 years in an early inflammatory arthritis cohort. Methods Sera from 118 patients with early inflammatory arthritis naïve to treatment sampled at baseline were used to obtain IgG Fc glycopeptides, which were then analyzed in a subclass-specific manner by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Patients were prospectively followed and a favorable prognosis at 2 years was assessed by a combined index as remission or low disease activity (DAS28 < 3.2) and normal functionality (HAQ ≤ 0.25) while on treatment with conventional synthetic DMARDs and never used biologic DMARDs. Results We observed a significant association between high levels of IgG2/3 Fc galactosylation (effect 0.627 and adjusted p value 0.036 for the fully galactosylated glycoform H5N4F1; effect −0.551 and adjusted p value 0.04963 for the agalactosylated H3N4F1) and favorable outcome after 2 years of treatment. The inclusion of IgG glycoprofiling in a multivariate analysis to predict the outcome (with HAQ, DAS28, RF, and ACPA included in the model) did not improve the prognostic performance of the model. Conclusion Pending confirmation of these findings in larger cohorts, IgG glycosylation levels could be used as a prognostic marker in early arthritis, to overcome the limitations of the current prognostic tools. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02897-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sénard
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Irini Flouri
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Garyfalia Papadaki
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Medical School, University of Crete, 71305, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panagiota Goutakoli
- Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Medical School, University of Crete, 71305, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aggelos Banos
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Marija Pezer
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - George Bertsias
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Medical School, University of Crete, 71305, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia. .,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.,Laboratory of Rheumatology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Medical School, University of Crete, 71305, Heraklion, Greece
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Romão VC, Fonseca JE. Disease mechanisms in preclinical rheumatoid arthritis: A narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:689711. [PMID: 36059838 PMCID: PMC9437632 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.689711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the concept of preclinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has become established. In fact, the discovery that disease mechanisms start years before the onset of clinical RA has been one of the major recent insights in the understanding of RA pathogenesis. In accordance with the complex nature of the disease, preclinical events extend over several sequential phases. In a genetically predisposed host, environmental factors will further increase susceptibility for incident RA. In the initial steps of preclinical disease, immune disturbance mechanisms take place outside the joint compartment, namely in mucosal surfaces, such as the lung, gums or gut. Herein, the persistent immunologic response to altered antigens will lead to breach of tolerance and trigger autoimmunity. In a second phase, the immune response matures and is amplified at a systemic level, with epitope spreading and widening of the autoantibody repertoire. Finally, the synovial and bone compartment are targeted by specific autoantibodies against modified antigens, initiating a local inflammatory response that will eventually culminate in clinically evident synovitis. In this review, we discuss the elaborate disease mechanisms in place during preclinical RA, providing a broad perspective in the light of current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco C. Romão
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre and European Reference Network on Rare Connective Tissue and Musculoskeletal Diseases Network (ERN-ReCONNET), Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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Golay J, Andrea AE, Cattaneo I. Role of Fc Core Fucosylation in the Effector Function of IgG1 Antibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:929895. [PMID: 35844552 PMCID: PMC9279668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of fucose on IgG1 Asn-297 N-linked glycan is the modification of the human IgG1 Fc structure with the most significant impact on FcɣRIII affinity. It also significantly enhances the efficacy of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) cells in vitro, induced by IgG1 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The effect of afucosylation on ADCC or antibody dependent phagocytosis (ADCP) mediated by macrophages or polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) is less clear. Evidence for enhanced efficacy of afucosylated therapeutic mAbs in vivo has also been reported. This has led to the development of several therapeutic antibodies with low Fc core fucose to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases, seven of which have already been approved for clinical use. More recently, the regulation of IgG Fc core fucosylation has been shown to take place naturally during the B-cell immune response: A decrease in α-1,6 fucose has been observed in polyclonal, antigen-specific IgG1 antibodies which are generated during alloimmunization of pregnant women by fetal erythrocyte or platelet antigens and following infection by some enveloped viruses and parasites. Low IgG1 Fc core fucose on antigen-specific polyclonal IgG1 has been linked to disease severity in several cases, such as SARS-CoV 2 and Dengue virus infection and during alloimmunization, highlighting the in vivo significance of this phenomenon. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge about human IgG1 Fc core fucosylation and its regulation and function in vivo, in the context of both therapeutic antibodies and the natural immune response. The parallels in these two areas are informative about the mechanisms and in vivo effects of Fc core fucosylation, and may allow to further exploit the desired properties of this modification in different clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Golay
- Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani", Division of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Josée Golay,
| | - Alain E. Andrea
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Thérapies Moléculaires, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Saint Joseph de Beyrouth, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Irene Cattaneo
- Center of Cellular Therapy "G. Lanzani", Division of Hematology, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
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27
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Xu Y, Liu W. Flowing on-line preparation of deglycosylation, labeling and purification for N-glycan analysis. Talanta 2022; 249:123652. [PMID: 35696978 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The current in-solution analysis of N-glycans suffers from several disadvantages including tedious de-glycosylation time and multi-step pre-treatment procedures. Here, an ultra-simple flowing on-line analysis of labeled N-glycans for high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was developed for eliminating the deficiencies. This on-line analysis consisted of an immobilized enzyme reactor (IMER) of PNGase F for efficient release of N-glycans, labeling of released N-glycans and following purification of derivatives on microfluidic chip. Notably, efficient preparations for all type of N-glycans were completed within ∼30 min. To our best knowledge, this is the first time to integrated the whole preparation of N-glycan deglycosylation, labeling and purification only by a simple fluidic flow with our developed device. Good reproducibility and stability were achieved with the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10%. Furthermore, the glycome studies with human serum revealed a good adaptability for biological samples. Our work provides an efficient N-glycomic strategy that can be applied to further multilayered clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Wu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Xu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China; The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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28
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Gonzalez-Gronow M, Pizzo SV. Physiological Roles of the Autoantibodies to the 78-Kilodalton Glucose-Regulated Protein (GRP78) in Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061222. [PMID: 35740249 PMCID: PMC9219851 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), a member of the 70 kDa heat-shock family of molecular chaperones (HSP70), is essential for the regulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) resulting from cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. During ER stress, GRP78 evades retention mechanisms and is translocated to the cell surface (csGRP78) where it functions as an autoantigen. Autoantibodies to GRP78 appear in prostate, ovarian, gastric, malignant melanoma, and colorectal cancers. They are also found in autoimmune pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder (AMOGAD), Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), multiple sclerosis (MS), neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). In NMO, MS, and NPSLE these autoantibodies disrupt and move across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), facilitating their entry and that of other pathogenic antibodies to the brain. Although csGRP78 is common in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, there are major differences in the specificity of its autoantibodies. Here, we discuss how ER mechanisms modulate csGRP78 antigenicity and the production of autoantibodies, permitting this chaperone to function as a dual compartmentalized receptor with independent signaling pathways that promote either pro-proliferative or apoptotic signaling, depending on whether the autoantibodies bind csGRP78 N- or C-terminal regions.
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29
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Flevaris K, Kontoravdi C. Immunoglobulin G N-glycan Biomarkers for Autoimmune Diseases: Current State and a Glycoinformatics Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5180. [PMID: 35563570 PMCID: PMC9100869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective treatment of autoimmune disorders can greatly benefit from disease-specific biomarkers that are functionally involved in immune system regulation and can be collected through minimally invasive procedures. In this regard, human serum IgG N-glycans are promising for uncovering disease predisposition and monitoring progression, and for the identification of specific molecular targets for advanced therapies. In particular, the IgG N-glycome in diseased tissues is considered to be disease-dependent; thus, specific glycan structures may be involved in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases. This study provides a critical overview of the literature on human IgG N-glycomics, with a focus on the identification of disease-specific glycan alterations. In order to expedite the establishment of clinically-relevant N-glycan biomarkers, the employment of advanced computational tools for the interpretation of clinical data and their relationship with the underlying molecular mechanisms may be critical. Glycoinformatics tools, including artificial intelligence and systems glycobiology approaches, are reviewed for their potential to provide insight into patient stratification and disease etiology. Challenges in the integration of such glycoinformatics approaches in N-glycan biomarker research are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cleo Kontoravdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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30
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Vattepu R, Sneed SL, Anthony RM. Sialylation as an Important Regulator of Antibody Function. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818736. [PMID: 35464485 PMCID: PMC9021442 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies play a critical role in linking the adaptive immune response to the innate immune system. In humans, antibodies are categorized into five classes, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgD, based on constant region sequence, structure, and tropism. In serum, IgG is the most abundant antibody, comprising 75% of antibodies in circulation, followed by IgA at 15%, IgM at 10%, and IgD and IgE are the least abundant. All human antibody classes are post-translationally modified by sugars. The resulting glycans take on many divergent structures and can be attached in an N-linked or O-linked manner, and are distinct by antibody class, and by position on each antibody. Many of these glycan structures on antibodies are capped by sialic acid. It is well established that the composition of the N-linked glycans on IgG exert a profound influence on its effector functions. However, recent studies have described the influence of glycans, particularly sialic acid for other antibody classes. Here, we discuss the role of glycosylation, with a focus on terminal sialylation, in the biology and function across all antibody classes. Sialylation has been shown to influence not only IgG, but IgE, IgM, and IgA biology, making it an important and unappreciated regulator of antibody function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Vattepu
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sunny Lyn Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert M Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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31
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Trzos S, Link-Lenczowski P, Sokołowski G, Pocheć E. Changes of IgG N-Glycosylation in Thyroid Autoimmunity: The Modulatory Effect of Methimazole in Graves' Disease and the Association With the Severity of Inflammation in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841710. [PMID: 35370997 PMCID: PMC8965101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-glycome of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant glycoprotein in human blood serum, reflects pathological conditions of autoimmunity and is sensitive to medicines applied in disease therapy. Due to the high sensitivity of N-glycosylation, the IgG N-glycan profile may serve as an indicator of an ongoing inflammatory process. The IgG structure and its effector functions are strongly dependent on the composition of N-glycans attached to the Fc fragment, and the binding of antigens is regulated by Fab sugar moieties. Because of the crucial role of N-glycans in IgG function, remodeling of its N-oligosaccharides can induce pathological changes that ultimately contribute to the development of autoimmunity; restoration of their physiological structure is critical to the reduction of disease symptoms. Our recently published data have shown that the pathology of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD), is accompanied by alterations of the composition of IgG N-glycans. The present study is a more in-depth investigation of IgG glycosylation in both AITDs, designed to determine the relationship between the severity of thyroid inflammation and IgG N-glycan structures in HT, and to assess the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the N-glycan profile in GD patients. The study material consisted of human serum samples collected from donors with elevated anti-thyroglobulin (Tg) and/or anti-thyroperoxidase (TPO) IgGs without symptoms of hypothyroidism (n=68), HT patients characterized by high autoantibody titers and advanced destruction of the thyroid gland (n=113), GD patients with up-regulated IgG against thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) before (n=62) and after (n=47) stabilization of TSH level as a result of methimazole therapy (study groups), and healthy donors (control group, n=90). IgG was isolated from blood serum using protein G affinity chromatography. N-glycans were released from IgG by PNGase F digestion and analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) after 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB) labeling. UPLC-MS chromatograms were integrated into 25 peaks (GP) in the Waters UNIFI Scientific Information System, and N-glycans were assigned based on the glucose unit values and mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of the detected ions. The Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to determine the statistical significance of the results (p<0.05). The obtained results suggest that modifications of IgG sialylation, galactosylation and core-fucosylation are associated with the severity of HT symptoms. Methimazole therapy implemented in GD patients affected the IgG N-glycan profile; as a result, the content of the sialylated and galactosylated oligosaccharides with core fucose differed after treatment. Our results suggest that N-glycosylation of IgG undergoes dynamic changes during the intensification of thyroiditis in HT, and that in GD autoimmunity it is affected significantly by immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Trzos
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Link-Lenczowski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Sokołowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Pocheć
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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32
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Alves I, Fernandes Â, Santos-Pereira B, Azevedo CM, Pinho SS. Glycans as a key factor in self and non-self discrimination: Impact on the breach of immune tolerance. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1485-1502. [PMID: 35383918 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are carbohydrates that are made by all organisms and covalently conjugated to other biomolecules. Glycans cover the surface of both human cells and pathogens and are fundamental to defining the identity of a cell or an organism, thereby contributing to discriminating self from non-self. As such, glycans are a class of "Self-Associated Molecular Patterns" that can fine-tune host inflammatory processes. In fact, glycans can be sensed and recognized by a variety of glycan-binding proteins (GBP) expressed by immune cells, such as galectins, siglecs and C-type lectins, which recognize changes in the cellular glycosylation, instructing both pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses. In this review, we introduce glycans as cell-identification structures, discussing how glycans modulate host-pathogen interactions and how they can fine-tune inflammatory processes associated with infection, inflammation and autoimmunity. Finally, from the clinical standpoint, we discuss how glycoscience research can benefit life sciences and clinical medicine by providing a source of valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Alves
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Santos-Pereira
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina M Azevedo
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
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33
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Sun Y, Li X, Wang T, Li W. Core Fucosylation Regulates the Function of Pre-BCR, BCR and IgG in Humoral Immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844427. [PMID: 35401499 PMCID: PMC8990897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the membrane molecules involved in immune response are glycosylated. N-glycans linked to asparagine (Asn) of immune molecules contribute to the protein conformation, surface expression, stability, and antigenicity. Core fucosylation catalyzed by core fucosyltransferase (FUT8) is the most common post-translational modification. Core fucosylation is essential for evoking a proper immune response, which this review aims to communicate. First, FUT8 deficiency suppressed the interaction between μHC and λ5 during pre-BCR assembly is given. Second, we described the effects of core fucosylation in B cell signal transduction via BCR. Third, we investigated the role of core fucosylation in the interaction between helper T (TH) cells and B cells. Finally, we showed the role of FUT8 on the biological function of IgG. In this review, we discussed recent insights into the sites where core fucosylation is critical for humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Sun
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Xueying Li
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tiantong Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzhe Li,
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34
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Chen SY, Lih TSM, Li QK, Zhang H. Comparing Urinary Glycoproteins among Three Urogenital Cancers and Identifying Prostate Cancer-Specific Glycoproteins. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9172-9180. [PMID: 35350332 PMCID: PMC8945184 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cancers are major urogenital cancers. Of which, prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and second leading cause of cancer death for men in the United States. For urogenital cancers, urine is considered as proximate body fluid to the tumor site for developing non-invasiveness tests. However, the specific molecular signatures from different urogenital cancers are needed to relate changes in urine to various cancer detections. Herein, we utilized a previously published C4-Tip and C18/MAX-Tip workflow for enrichment of glycopeptides from urine samples and evaluated urinary glycopeptides for its cancer specificity. We analyzed 66 urine samples from bladder cancer (n = 27), prostate cancer (n = 4), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC, n = 3), and benign plastic hyperplasia (BPH, n = 32) and then compared them with a previous publication that reported glycopeptides associated with aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥ 8). We further demonstrated the cancer specificity of the glycopeptides associated with aggressive prostate cancer. In this study, a total of 33 glycopeptides were identified to be specifically differentially expressed in prostate cancer compared to other urogenital cancer types as well as BPH urines. By cross-comparison with our previous urinary glycoproteomic dataset for aggressive prostate cancer, we reported a total of four glycopeptides from glycoproteins DSC2, MGAM, PIK3IP1, and CD55, commonly identified to be prostate cancer-specific. Together, these results deepen our understanding of the urinary glycoproteins associated with urogenital cancer types and expand our knowledge of the cancer specificity of urinary glycoproteins among urogenital cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yung Chen
- Department
of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore 21287-0010, Maryland, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218-2625, Maryland, United States
| | - Tung-Shing Mamie Lih
- Department
of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore 21287-0010, Maryland, United States
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Department
of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore 21287-0010, Maryland, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department
of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore 21287-0010, Maryland, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218-2625, Maryland, United States
- Department
of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21287, Maryland, United States
- Department
of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore 21205, Maryland, United States
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35
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Deriš H, Kifer D, Cindrić A, Petrović T, Cvetko A, Trbojević-Akmačić I, Kolčić I, Polašek O, Newson L, Spector T, Menni C, Lauc G. Immunoglobulin G glycome composition in transition from premenopause to postmenopause. iScience 2022; 25:103897. [PMID: 35243255 PMCID: PMC8881712 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadal hormones affect immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation, and the more proinflammatory IgG glycome composition might be one of the molecular mechanisms behind the increased proinflammatory phenotype in perimenopause. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, we analyzed IgG glycome composition in 5,080 samples from 1940 pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women. Statistically significant decrease in galactosylation and sialylation was observed in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, during the transition from pre- to postmenopausal period, the rate of increase in agalactosylated structures (0.051/yr; 95%CI = 0.043-0.059, p < 0.001) and decrease in digalactosylated (-0.043/yr; 95%CI = -0.050 to -0.037, p < 0.001) and monosialylated glycans (-0.029/yr; 95%CI = -0.034 to -0.024, p < 0.001) were significantly higher than in either pre- or postmenopausal periods. The conversion to the more proinflammatory IgG glycome and the resulting decrease in the ability of IgG to suppress low-grade chronic inflammation may be an important molecular mechanism mediating the increased health risk in perimenopause and postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Deriš
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Kifer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ana Cindrić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Tea Petrović
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ana Cvetko
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | | | - Ivana Kolčić
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Louise Newson
- Newson Health Menopause & Wellbeing Centre, Church Street, Stratford-Upon-Avon CV37 6HB, UK
| | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, Westminster Bridge Road, SE17EH London, UK
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, Westminster Bridge Road, SE17EH London, UK
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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36
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Kissel T, Hafkenscheid L, Wesemael TJ, Tamai M, Kawashiri SY, Kawakami A, El-Gabalawy HS, van Schaardenburg D, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Wuhrer M, van der Helm-van Mil AHM, Allaart CF, van der Woude D, Scherer HU, Toes REM, Huizinga TWJ. IgG Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody Variable Domain Glycosylation Increases Before the Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Stabilizes Thereafter: A Cross-Sectional Study Encompassing ~1,500 Samples. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1147-1158. [PMID: 35188715 PMCID: PMC9544857 DOI: 10.1002/art.42098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective The autoimmune response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is marked by the presence of anti–citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). A notable feature of IgG ACPA is the abundant expression of N‐linked glycans in the variable domain. However, the presence of ACPA variable domain glycosylation (VDG) across disease stages, and its response to therapy, are poorly described. To understand its dynamics, we investigated the abundance of IgG ACPA VDG in 1,498 samples from individuals in different clinical stages. Methods Using liquid chromatography, we analyzed IgG ACPA VDG profiles in 7 different cohorts from Japan, Canada, The Netherlands, and Sweden. We assessed 106 healthy individuals, 228 individuals with presymptomatic RA, 277 individuals with arthralgia, 307 patients with new‐onset/early RA, and 117 RA patients after prespecified treatment regimens. Additionally, we measured VDG in 234 samples from patients with RA who did or did not achieve long‐term drug‐free remission (DFR) during up to 16 years follow‐up. Results IgG ACPA VDG significantly increased (P < 0.0001) toward disease onset and was associated with ACPA levels and epitope spreading prior to diagnosis. A slight increase in VDG was observed in patients with established RA, with a moderate influence of treatment (P = 0.007). In patients in whom DFR was later achieved, IgG ACPA VDG was already reduced at the time of RA onset. Conclusion The abundance of IgG ACPA VDG increases toward RA onset and correlates with maturation of the ACPA response. While IgG ACPA VDG levels are fairly stable in established disease, a lower degree of VDG at RA onset correlates with DFR. Although the underlying biologic mechanisms remain elusive, our data support the concept that VDG relates to an expansion of the ACPA response in the pre‐disease phase and contributes to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Kissel
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lise Hafkenscheid
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, and Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Mami Tamai
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Dirkjan van Schaardenburg
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center and Amsterdam Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Hans U Scherer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rene E M Toes
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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37
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Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M. Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103016. [PMID: 34915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have a complex and only partially known pathophysiology with various abnormalities involving all the components of the immune system. Among these components, antibodies, and especially autoantibodies are key elements contributing to autoimmunity. The interaction of antibody fragment crystallisable (Fc) and several distinct receptors, namely Fc receptors (FcRs), have gained much attention during the recent years, with possible major therapeutic perspectives for the future. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the known roles for FcRs (activating and inhibitory FcγRs, neonatal FcR [FcRn], FcαRI, FcεRs, Ro52/tripartite motif containing 21 [Ro52/TRIM21], FcδR, and the novel Fc receptor-like [FcRL] family) in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, namely rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mixed connective tissue disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis, Behçet's disease, Kawasaki disease, IgG4-related disease, immune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Chalayer
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1059-Sainbiose, dysfonction vasculaire et hémostase, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Franck Zekre
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lucile Grange
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amy W Chung
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France.
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Esmail S, Manolson MF. Advances in understanding N-glycosylation structure, function, and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2021; 100:151186. [PMID: 34839178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification crucial for membrane protein folding, stability and other cellular functions. Alteration of membrane protein N-glycans is implicated in wide range of pathological conditions including cancer metastasis, chronic inflammatory diseases, and viral pathogenesis. Even though the roles of N-glycans have been studied extensively, our knowledge of their mechanisms remains unclear due to the lack of detailed structural analysis of the N-glycome. Mapping the N-glycome landscape will open new avenues to explore disease mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets. This review discusses the diverse structure of N-linked glycans, the function and regulation of N-glycosylation in health and disease, and ends with a focus on recent approaches to target N-glycans in rheumatoid arthritis and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Esmail
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Morris F Manolson
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
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39
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Zlatina K, Galuska SP. Immunoglobulin Glycosylation - An Unexploited Potential for Immunomodulatory Strategies in Farm Animals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:753294. [PMID: 34733284 PMCID: PMC8558360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of antibodies, namely the identification and neutralization of pathogens, is mediated by their antigen binding site (Fab). In contrast, the subsequent signal transduction for activation of the immune system is mediated by the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, which interacts with receptors or other components of the immune system, such as the complement system. This aspect of binding and interaction is more precise, readjusted by covalently attached glycan structures close to the hinge region of immunoglobulins (Ig). This fine-tuning of Ig and its actual state of knowledge is the topic of this review. It describes the function of glycosylation at Ig in general and the associated changes due to corresponding glycan structures. We discuss the functionality of IgG glycosylation during different physiological statuses, like aging, lactation and pathophysiological processes. Further, we point out what is known to date about Ig glycosylation in farm animals and how new achievements in vaccination may contribute to improved animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Zlatina
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian P Galuska
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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40
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Wiens D, Smolik I, Meng X, Anaparti V, El-Gabalawy HS, O'Neil LJ. Functional disability to evaluate the risk of arthritis in First-degree relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients. J Rheumatol 2021; 49:244-250. [PMID: 34725176 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.210614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The events that occur prior to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) continue to be delineated. We examined the relationship between self-reported joint symptoms, functional disability, and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status in a cohort of first-degree relatives (FDR) of RA patients who are at risk of future disease development. METHODS We studied a cohort of 607 FDR of First Nations (FN) RA patients who are at increased risk for future RA development, and analyzed data collected at their enrollment study visit. In parallel, we analyzed data from 279 FN People with no family history of RA. A subset of FDR developed inflammatory arthritis and we analyzed longitudinal data in this group. RESULTS The prevalence of joint symptoms and functional disability was higher in FDR compared to non- FDR (all p<0.001). Difficulty walking (37.3% vs 18.0%) and mHAQ were higher in ACPA positive FDR compared to ACPA negative FDR, and mHAQ was independently associated with ACPA seropositivity (OR: 2.79, 1.56-5.00). Longitudinally, in individuals who developed ACPA+ RA, ACPA level and mHAQ score were significantly associated (R = 0.43, p< 0.001) in the preclinical period. CONCLUSION Compared to population-based controls, FDR have a high burden of joint symptoms and functional disability. Functional disability was most closely associated with ACPA seropositivity in the FDR, suggesting a direct role for ACPA outside of the context of clinically detectable synovitis. mHAQ appears to be particularly valuable in the assessment of individuals at risk for future RA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Wiens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
| | - Irene Smolik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
| | - Xiaobo Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
| | - Vidyanand Anaparti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
| | - Hani S El-Gabalawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
| | - Liam J O'Neil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba and Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. The authors above have no relevant financial disclosures or benefits from commercial sources that could create a potential conflict of interest. The entirety of this work was funded by a grant obtained by HS El-Gabalawy through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP 77700). All study participants provided informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Biomedical Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba approved all aspects of the study (Board approval number HS14453). Address correspondence to Liam J O'Neil University of Manitoba Department of Internal Medicine and Immunology Division of Rheumatology
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41
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Demus D, Urbanowicz PA, Gardner RA, Wu H, Juszczak A, Štambuk T, Medvidović EP, Owen KR, Gornik O, Juge N, Spencer DIR. Development of an exoglycosidase plate-based assay for detecting α1-3,4 fucosylation biomarker in individuals with HNF1A-MODY. Glycobiology 2021; 32:230-238. [PMID: 34939081 PMCID: PMC8966479 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young due to hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha variants (HNF1A-MODY) causes monogenic diabetes. Individuals carrying damaging variants in HNF1A show decreased levels of α1-3,4 fucosylation, as demonstrated on antennary fucosylation of blood plasma N-glycans. The excellent diagnostic performance of this glycan biomarker in blood plasma N-glycans of individuals with HNF1A-MODY has been demonstrated using liquid chromatography methods. Here, we have developed a high-throughput exoglycosidase plate-based assay to measure α1-3,4 fucosylation levels in blood plasma samples. The assay has been optimized and its validity tested using 1000 clinical samples from a cohort of individuals with young-adult onset diabetes including cases with HNF1A-MODY. The α1-3,4 fucosylation levels in blood plasma showed a good differentiating power in identifying cases with damaging HNF1A variants, as demonstrated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis with the AUC values of 0.87 and 0.95. This study supports future development of a simple diagnostic test to measure this glycan biomarker for application in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Demus
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3EB, United Kingdom.,Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard A Gardner
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Haiyang Wu
- The Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Agata Juszczak
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Borongajska cesta 83h, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Edita Pape Medvidović
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Dugi dol 4A, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LE, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nathalie Juge
- The Gut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
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42
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Estrogen-Driven Changes in Immunoglobulin G Fc Glycosylation. EXPERIENTIA. SUPPLEMENTUM 2021. [PMID: 34687016 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76912-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation within the immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc region modulates its ability to engage complement and Fc receptors, affording the opportunity to fine-tune effector functions. Mechanisms regulating IgG Fc glycans remain poorly understood. Changes accompanying menarche, menopause, and pregnancy have long implicated hormonal factors. Intervention studies now confirm that estrogens enhance IgG Fc galactosylation, in females and also in males, defining the first pathway modulating Fc glycans and thereby a new link between sex and immunity. This mechanism may participate in fetal-maternal immunity, antibody-mediated inflammation, and other aspects of age- and sex-specific immune function. Here we review the changes affecting the IgG Fc glycome from childhood through old age, the evidence establishing a role for estrogens, and research directions to uncover associated mechanisms that may inform therapeutic intervention.
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43
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van Osch TLJ, Nouta J, Derksen NIL, van Mierlo G, van der Schoot CE, Wuhrer M, Rispens T, Vidarsson G. Fc Galactosylation Promotes Hexamerization of Human IgG1, Leading to Enhanced Classical Complement Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:1545-1554. [PMID: 34408013 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human IgG contains one evolutionarily conserved N-linked glycan in its Fc region at position 297. This glycan is crucial for Fc-mediated functions, including its induction of the classical complement cascade. This is induced after target recognition through the IgG-Fab regions, allowing neighboring IgG-Fc tails to associate through Fc:Fc interaction, ultimately leading to hexamer formation. This hexamerization seems crucial for IgG to enable efficient interaction with the globular heads of the first complement component C1q and subsequent complement activation. In this study, we show that galactose incorporated in the IgG1-Fc enhances C1q binding, C4, C3 deposition, and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in human erythrocytes and Raji cells. IgG1-Fc sialylation slightly enhanced binding of C1q, but had little effect on downstream complement activation. Using various mutations that decrease or increase hexamerization capacity of IgG1, we show that IgG1-Fc galactosylation has no intrinsic effect on C1q binding to IgG1, but enhances IgG1 hexamerization potential and, thereby, complement activation. These data suggest that the therapeutic potential of Abs can be amplified without introducing immunogenic mutations, by relatively simple glycoengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs L J van Osch
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Nouta
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Ninotska I L Derksen
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard van Mierlo
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Ellen van der Schoot
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; and
| | - Theo Rispens
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;
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44
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Glycosylation and Cardiovascular Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:307-319. [PMID: 34495542 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 18 million deaths in 2017. Coronary artery disease is the predominant cause of death from CVD, followed by stroke. Owing to recent technological advancements, glycans and glycosylation patterns of proteins have been investigated in association with CVD risk factors and clinical events. These studies have found significant associations of glycans as biomarkers of systemic inflammation and major CVD risk factors and events. While more limited, studies have also shown that glycans may be useful for monitoring response to anti-inflammatory therapies and may be responsive to changes in lifestyle, particularly in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Glycans capture summative risk information related to inflammatory, immune, and signaling pathways and are promising biomarkers for CVD risk prediction and therapeutic monitoring.
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45
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Karmakar U, Vermeren S. Crosstalk between B cells and neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis. Immunology 2021; 164:689-700. [PMID: 34478165 PMCID: PMC8561113 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease without known cure that primarily affects synovial joints. RA has a prevalence of approximately 1% of the population worldwide. A vicious circle between two critical immune cell types, B cells and neutrophils, develops and promotes disease. Pathogenic anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) directed against a range of citrullinated epitopes are abundant in both plasma and synovial fluid of RA patients. In addition to stimulating numerous cell types, ACPA and other autoantibodies, notably rheumatoid factor, form immune complexes (ICs) that potently activate neutrophils. Attracted to the synovium by abundant chemokines, neutrophils are locally stimulated by ICs. They generate cytokines and release cytotoxic compounds including neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), strands of decondensed chromatin decorated with citrullinated histones and granule‐derived neutrophil proteins, which are particularly abundant in the synovial fluid. In this way, neutrophils generate citrullinated epitopes and release peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes capable of citrullinating extracellular proteins in the rheumatic joint, contributing to renewed ACPA generation. This review article focusses on the central function of citrullination, a post‐translational modification of arginine residues in RA. The discussion includes ACPA and related autoantibodies, somatic hypermutation‐mediated escape from negative selection by autoreactive B cells, promotion of the dominance of citrullinated antigens by genetic and lifestyle susceptibility factors and the vicious circle between ACPA‐producing pathogenic B cells and NET‐producing neutrophils in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsa Karmakar
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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46
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Prenc E, Pulanic D, Pucic-Bakovic M, Ugrina I, Desnica L, Milosevic M, Pirsl F, Mitchell S, Rose J, Vrhovac R, Nemet D, Lauc G, Pavletic SZ. Significant Associations of IgG Glycan Structures With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Manifestations: Results of the Cross-Sectional NIH Cohort Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:633214. [PMID: 34335560 PMCID: PMC8317462 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) is a systemic alloimmune and autoimmune disorder and a major late complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). The disease is characterized by an altered homeostasis of the humoral immune response. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycoprotein is the main effector molecule of the humoral immune response. Changes in IgG glycosylation are associated with a number of autoimmune diseases. IgG glycosylation analysis was done by the means of liquid chromatography in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) cohort of 213 cGvHD patients. The results showed statistically significant differences with regards to cGvHD NIH joint/fascia and skin score, disease activity and intensity of systemic immunosuppression. ROC analysis confirmed that IgG glycosylation increases specificity and sensitivity of models using laboratory parameters and markers of inflammation associated with cGvHD (eosinophil count, complement components C3 and C4 and inflammation markers: albumin, CRP and thrombocyte count). This research shows that IgG glycosylation may play a significant role in cGvHD pathology. Further research could contribute to the understanding of the disease biology and lead to the clinical biomarker development to allow personalized approaches to chronic GvHD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Prenc
- Fidelta Ltd., Translational Research and Alliances, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Drazen Pulanic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ivo Ugrina
- Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.,Faculty of Science, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Lana Desnica
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Milosevic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Sports, Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Filip Pirsl
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sandra Mitchell
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeremy Rose
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Radovan Vrhovac
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Nemet
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Steven Z Pavletic
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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47
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Chen SY, Clark DJ, Zhang H. High-Throughput Analyses of Glycans, Glycosites, and Intact Glycopeptides Using C4-and C18/MAX-Tips and Liquid Handling System. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e186. [PMID: 34232571 PMCID: PMC8485138 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the most common and diverse modifications. Aberrant protein glycosylation has been reported to associate with various diseases. High‐throughput and comprehensive characterization of glycoproteins is crucial for structural and functional studies of altered glycosylation in biological, physiological, and pathological processes. In this protocol, we detail a workflow for comprehensive analyses of intact glycopeptides (IGPs), glycosylation sites, and glycans from N‐linked glycoproteins. By utilizing liquid handling systems, our workflow could enrich IGPs in a high‐throughput manner while reducing sample processing time and human error involved in traditional proteomics sample processing techniques. Together, our workflow enables a high‐throughput enrichment of glycans, glycosites, and intact glycopeptides from complex biological or clinical samples. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Enzymatic digestion of glycoproteins using C4‐tips Basic Protocol 2: Intact glycopeptide analysis using C18/MAX‐tips Basic Protocol 3: Glycan and glycosite analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yung Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David J Clark
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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48
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Hensvold A, Klareskog L. Towards prevention of autoimmune diseases: The example of rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1921-1933. [PMID: 34110013 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prevention is the ultimate aim for clinicians and scientists concerned with severe diseases, like many immune-mediated conditions. Here, we describe recent progress in the understanding of etiology and molecular pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which make this disease a potential prototype for prevention that may include both public health measures and targeted and personalized approaches that we call "personalized prevention." Critical components of this knowledge are (i) better understanding of the dynamics of the RA-associated autoimmunity that may begin many years before onset of joint inflammation; (ii) insights into how this immunity may be triggered at mucosal surfaces after distinct environmental challenges; (iii) better understanding of which features of the pre-existing immunity may cause symptoms that precede joint inflammation and predict a high risk for imminent arthritis development; and (iv) how molecular events occurring before onset of inflammation might be targeted by existing or future therapies, ultimately by specific targeting of Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II restricted and RA-specific immunity. Our main conclusion is that studies and interventions in the phase of autoimmunity preceding RA offer new opportunities to prevent the disease and thereby also understand the molecular pathogenesis of its different variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aase Hensvold
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital (Solna), Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Rheumatology, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital (Solna), Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Rheumatology, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm, Sweden.,Rheumatology Section, Theme inflammation and Infection, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Demus D, Jansen BC, Gardner RA, Urbanowicz PA, Wu H, Štambuk T, Juszczak A, Medvidović EP, Juge N, Gornik O, Owen KR, Spencer DIR. Interlaboratory evaluation of plasma N-glycan antennary fucosylation as a clinical biomarker for HNF1A-MODY using liquid chromatography methods. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:375-386. [PMID: 33765222 PMCID: PMC8116301 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-09992-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antennary fucosylation alterations in plasma glycoproteins have been previously proposed and tested as a biomarker for differentiation of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) patients carrying a functional mutation in the HNF1A gene. Here, we developed a novel LC-based workflow to analyze blood plasma N-glycan fucosylation in 320 diabetes cases with clinical features matching those at risk of HNF1A-MODY. Fucosylation levels measured in two independent research centers by using similar LC-based methods were correlated to evaluate the interlaboratory performance of the biomarker. The interlaboratory study showed good correlation between fucosylation levels measured for the 320 cases in the two centers with the correlation coefficient (r) of up to 0.88 for a single trait A3FG3S2. The improved chromatographic separation allowed the identification of six single glycan traits and a derived antennary fucosylation trait that were able to differentiate individuals carrying pathogenic mutations from benign or no HNF1A mutation cases, as determined by the area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.94. The excellent (r = 0.88) interlaboratory performance of the glycan biomarker for HNF1A-MODY further supports the development of a clinically relevant diagnostic test measuring antennary fucosylation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Demus
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, Abingdon, UK.
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Bas C Jansen
- Ludger Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, Abingdon, UK
| | | | | | - Haiyang Wu
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Tamara Štambuk
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Agata Juszczak
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Edita Pape Medvidović
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Croatia School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nathalie Juge
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Olga Gornik
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katharine R Owen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
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50
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Paton B, Suarez M, Herrero P, Canela N. Glycosylation Biomarkers Associated with Age-Related Diseases and Current Methods for Glycan Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115788. [PMID: 34071388 PMCID: PMC8198018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process which implies the accumulation of molecular, cellular and organ damage, leading to an increased vulnerability to disease. In Western societies, the increase in the elderly population, which is accompanied by ageing-associated pathologies such as cardiovascular and mental diseases, is becoming an increasing economic and social burden for governments. In order to prevent, treat and determine which subjects are more likely to develop these age-related diseases, predictive biomarkers are required. In this sense, some studies suggest that glycans have a potential role as disease biomarkers, as they modify the functions of proteins and take part in intra- and intercellular biological processes. As the glycome reflects the real-time status of these interactions, its characterisation can provide potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for multifactorial diseases. This review gathers the alterations in protein glycosylation profiles that are associated with ageing and age-related diseases, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, the review includes the available techniques for the determination and characterisation of glycans, such as liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Paton
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
| | - Manuel Suarez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Pol Herrero
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Núria Canela
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
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