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Khadour YA, Ebrahem BM, Alhatem W, Yanne EO, Khadour FA. Predictive value of clinical risk factors for bladder dysfunction in Syrian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7142. [PMID: 38531915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent disorder that affects the endocrine and metabolic systems. Among the various complications associated with DM, diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is the most frequently occurring genitourinary complication. The presence of DBD can lead to complications that affect the upper urinary tract, significantly impacting the quality of life for individuals with DM. Therefore, it is crucial to identify early risk factors for DBD and predict its onset. Given the absence of studies involving bladder dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Syria, this study aims to examine the risk factors associated with bladder dysfunction in T2DM patients and develop a predictive model to identify DBD early. Patients diagnosed with T2DM were enrolled in six endocrinology centers spread across four Syrian provinces between January 2018 and December 2023. Factors that showed an association with DBD in the bivariate analysis, with a significance level of p < 0.05, were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis. The logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors and develop a prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive performance of the identified risk factors and the prediction model for DBD. One hundred and eighty-four patients were included in this study, and they were divided into the DBD group (n = 88) and the non-DBD group (n = 96). Seven variables showed significance in the bivariate analysis. Furthermore, the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR [95% CI]: 0.981 [0.614 - 1.337]), p < 0.007; diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) (OR [95% CI]: 1.421 [1.027 - 3.308]), p = 0.03; glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR [95% CI]: 0.942 [0.821 - 1.141]), p = 0.042; and percentage of monocyte (Mono%) (OR [95% CI]: 1.109 [0.812 - 1.258]), p = 0.031 were independent risk factors for DBD. Analysis of the ROC curve revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) for age, DPN, HbA1c, and Mono were 0.703, 0.541, 0.613, and 0.836, respectively. Age, DPN, HbA1c, and Mono% were risk factors for DBD. The prediction model constructed based on the four risk factors had a good predictive value for predicting the occurrence of DBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes A Khadour
- Department of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science Faculty, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Bashar M Ebrahem
- Department of Sport Education, Neijiang Normal University, Sichuan, 641004, China
| | - Weaam Alhatem
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Engo Ovone Yanne
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fater A Khadour
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baath University, Homs, Syria.
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science Faculty, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria.
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jie-Fang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Du C, Zuo F, Cao Y, Zang Y. Anti-diabetic effects of natural and modified 'Ganzhou' navel orange peel pectin on type 2 diabetic mice via gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:10977-10990. [PMID: 38014521 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Pectin, a kind of dietary fiber, has attracted much attention owing to its beneficial effect on human health in recent years. In this study, the effects of both 'Ganzhou' navel orange peel pectin (GOP) and modified GOP (MGOP) on type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were investigated. The results indicated that GOP and MGOP intervention had positive effects on T2DM in C57BL/6 mice. After modification, pectin can be changed into low methoxy pectin (LMP) and the content of GalA can increase, which endow MGOP with significant effects on improving lipid metabolism (TC, TG, and LDL-C decreased by 30.46%, 50%, and 37.56%, respectively, and HDL-C increased by 56%) and OGTT, further reducing insulin resistance (insulin decreased by 74.35%). In addition, MGOP was superior to GOP in improving oxidative stress (GSH and GSH-Px increased by 52.05% and 29.08% respectively, and MDA decreased by 84.02%), inhibiting inflammation and promoting SCFA synthesis. 16S rRNA analysis showed that MGOP changed the composition of intestinal microbiota in diabetic mice, decreased the abundance of Alistipes, Helicobacter and Oscillibacter, and increased the relative abundance of Dubosiella, Akkermansiaceae, and Atopobiaceae. The phenotypes of the gut microbiome also changed accordingly, which showed that MGOP significantly inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria and potential pathogenic bacteria and reversed the related complications. Taken together, our findings revealed that MGOP intake regulated lipid metabolism and oxidative stress and improved the gut health of mice, with promising effects against T2DM and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Du
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Feng Zuo
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yanqing Zang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
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Wang Y, Wang X, Liang S, Cai W, Chen L, Hu Y, Hao F, Ren W. Predictive value of risk factors for bladder dysfunction in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case-control study. Neurourol Urodyn 2023; 42:1712-1721. [PMID: 37674463 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors associated with bladder dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to construct a prediction model for early prediction of diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD). METHODS We included hospitalized patients with T2DM from the endocrinology department of Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China, from January 2019 to 2022. Factors associated with DBD in bivariate analysis with a p < 0.05 were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors and to construct a prediction model. The prediction model was presented as the model formula. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the above risk factors and the prediction model for DBD. The model was internally verified by Boostrap resampling 1000 times. RESULTS Two hundred and eleven patients were included in this study, and they were divided into the DBD group (n = 101) and the non-DBD group (n = 110). Eight variables showed significant significance in the bivariate analysis, including age, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary microalbumin (mALB), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), percentage of monocyte (Mono%). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR [95% CI]: 1.077 [1.042-1.112]), p < 0.001; DPN (OR [95% CI]: 2.373 [1.013-5.561]), p = 0.047; HbA1c (OR [95% CI]: 1.170 [1.029-1.330]), p = 0.017 and ANC (OR [95% CI]: 1.234 [1.059-1.438]), p = 0.007 were independent risk factors for the DBD. The prediction model formula was Logit (p) = -6.611 + 0.074 age + 0.864 DPN + 0.157 HbA 1 c + 0.078 ANC. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the four risk factors were 0.676, 0.582, 0.618, and 0.674, respectively. The prediction model predicted DBD with higher accuracy than the individual risk factors, AUC = 0.817 (95% CI: 0.757-0.877), and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.1% and 50.0%, respectively. The model internal validation results showed that the AUC = 0.804 (95% CI: 0.707-0.901), and the calibration curve is close to the ideal diagonal line. CONCLUSIONS Age, DPN, HbA1c, and ANC were risk factors for DBD. The prediction model constructed based on the four risk factors had a good predictive value for predicting the occurrence of DBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiufen Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of the Third Pulmonary Disease, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Surui Liang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenzhi Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingjie Hu
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengming Hao
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Luo J, Chen Z, Guo Q, Chai Y, Bao Y. Effects of saponins isolated from Polygonatum sibiricum on H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in RIN-m5F cells and its protective effect on pancreas. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113724. [PMID: 36935075 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The damage of islet cells caused by oxidative stress is closely related to diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of saponins isolated from polygonatum sibiricum (PSS) on pancreas injury by using in vitro and in vivo models. The oxidative stress model of RIN-m5F cells induced by H2O2 was established. We found that PSS could decrease the apoptosis of RIN-m5F cells under oxidative stress. After PSS treatment, ROS and MDA levels in cells significantly decreased. Moreover, the levels of SOD and GSH were significantly increased. PSS could increase the insulin secretion level of cells under oxidative stress. The expression level of intracellular Bcl-2 increased, and the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 decreased significantly. In addition, the type 2 diabetes mouse model was established. The results showed that PSS had a protective effect on the injury of the pancreas in T2DM mice. PSS can relieve oxidative stress and high glucose-mediated pancreas cytotoxicity. PSS may be a promising candidate for diabetes intervention and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Zefu Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qingqi Guo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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High Levels of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Are Associated with Physical Inactivity, and Part of This Association Is Mediated by Being Overweight. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051191. [PMID: 36904190 PMCID: PMC10005515 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated substantial changes in the lives of the population, such as increased physical inactivity, which can lead to being overweight and, consequently, repercussions on glucose homeostasis. A cross-sectional study based on the adult population of Brazil was conducted by stratified, multistage probability cluster sampling (October and December 2020). Participants were classified as physically active or inactive during leisure time according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization. HbA1c levels were categorized as normal (≤6.4%) or with glycemic changes (≥6.5%). The mediating variable was being overweight (overweight and obese). Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses examined the association between physical inactivity and glycemic changes. Mediation was analyzed using the Karlson-Holm-Breen method to verify the influence of being overweight on the association. We interviewed 1685 individuals, mostly women (52.4%), 35-59 years old (45.8%), race/ethnicity brown (48.1%), and overweight (56.5%). The mean HbA1c was 5.68% (95% CI: 5.58-5.77). Mediation analysis verified that physically inactive participants during leisure time were 2.62 times more likely to have high levels of HbA1c (OR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.29-5.33), and 26.87% of this effect was mediated by over-weight (OR: 1.30: 95% CI: 1.06-1.57). Physical inactivity at leisure increases the chances of high levels of HbA1c, and part of this association can be explained by being overweight.
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Zeng Y, Luo Y, Wang L, Zhang K, Peng J, Fan G. Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on Metabolic Diseases: Evidence from Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043323. [PMID: 36834734 PMCID: PMC9959718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have become a serious threat to human health worldwide. It is crucial to look for effective drugs from natural products to treat metabolic diseases. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, is mainly obtained from the rhizomes of the genus Curcuma. In recent years, clinical trials using curcumin for the treatment of metabolic diseases have been increasing. In this review, we provide a timely and comprehensive summary of the clinical progress of curcumin in the treatment of three metabolic diseases, namely type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of curcumin on these three diseases are presented categorically. Accumulating clinical evidence demonstrates that curcumin has good therapeutic potential and a low number of side effects for the three metabolic diseases. It can lower blood glucose and lipid levels, improve insulin resistance and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, curcumin may be an effective drug for the treatment of T2DM, obesity and NAFLD. However, more high-quality clinical trials are still required in the future to verify its efficacy and determine its molecular mechanisms and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiayan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Gang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-28-61656141
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Ahmed M, Khan KUR, Ahmad S, Aati HY, Ovatlarnporn C, Rehman MSU, Javed T, Khursheed A, Ghalloo BA, Dilshad R, Anwar M. Comprehensive Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking Studies of Pleurospermum candollei: An Insight into Potential for Natural Products Development. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134113. [PMID: 35807359 PMCID: PMC9268725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find the biological propensities of the vegetable plant Pleurospermum candollei by investigating its phytochemical profile and biological activities. Phytochemical analysis was done by spectroscopic methods to investigate the amount of total polyphenols, and biological evaluation was done by the different antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase), thrombolytic, and antibacterial activities. The highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid contents was observed in methanolic extract (240.69 ± 2.94 mg GAE/g and 167.59 ± 3.47 mg QE/g); the fractions showed comparatively less quantity (57.02 ± 1.31 to 144.02 ± 2.11 mg GAE/g, and 48.21 ± 0.75 to 96.58 ± 2.30 mg QE/g). The effect of these bioactive contents was also related to biological activities. GCMS analysis led to the identification of bioactive compounds with different biological effects from methanolic extract (antioxidant; 55.07%, antimicrobial; 56.41%), while the identified compounds from the n-hexane fraction with antioxidant properties constituted 67.86%, and those with antimicrobial effects constituted 82.95%; however, the synergetic effect of polyphenols may also have contributed to the highest value of biological activities of methanolic extract. Molecular docking was also performed to understand the relationship of identified secondary metabolites with enzyme-inhibitory activities. The thrombolytic activity was also significant (40.18 ± 1.80 to 57.15 ± 1.10 % clot lysis) in comparison with streptokinase (78.5 ± 1.53 to 82.34 ± 1.25% clot lysis). Methanolic extract also showed good activity against Gram-positive strains of bacteria, and the highest activity was observed against Bacillus subtilis. The findings of this study will improve our knowledge of phytochemistry, and biological activities of P. candollei, which seems to be a ray of hope to design formulations of natural products for the improvement of health and prevention of chronic diseases; however, further research may address the development of novel drugs for use in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (H.Y.A.)
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (K.-u.-R.K.); (H.Y.A.)
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
| | - Muhammad Sajid-ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Tariq Javed
- Lahore Pharmacy College (LMDC), Lahore 53400, Pakistan;
| | - Anjum Khursheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Bilal Ahmad Ghalloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Rizwana Dilshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Maryam Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.K.); (B.A.G.); (R.D.); (M.A.)
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Bao T, Liu J, Leng J, Cai L. The cGAS-STING pathway: more than fighting against viruses and cancer. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:209. [PMID: 34906241 PMCID: PMC8670263 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00724-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the classic Cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, downstream signals can control the production of type I interferon and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells to promote the activation of pro-inflammatory molecules, which are mainly induced during antiviral responses. However, with progress in this area of research, studies focused on autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions that may be relevant to cGAS–STING pathways have been conducted. This review mainly highlights the functions of the cGAS–STING pathway in chronic inflammatory diseases. Importantly, the cGAS–STING pathway has a major impact on lipid metabolism. Different research groups have confirmed that the cGAS–STING pathway plays an important role in the chronic inflammatory status in various organs. However, this pathway has not been studied in depth in diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Current research on the cGAS–STING pathway has shown that the targeted therapy of diseases that may be caused by inflammation via the cGAS–STING pathway has promising outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terigen Bao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jiyan Leng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.,Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Chai Y, Luo J, Bao Y. Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum saponin on hyperglycemia, gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetes mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112155. [PMID: 34517283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a global disease that endangers human health. As reported, saponins are effective bioactive compounds for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and have nontoxic side effects. This study aimed to examine the hypoglycemic effects of Polygonatum sibiricum saponin (PSS) on T2DM mice. We found that PSS could significantly decrease the levels of insulin secretion and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in T2DM mice. And the level of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood was decreased. In contrast, the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota of T2DM mice, and metabolites were analyzed by metabolomic profiling. The results showed that PSS could decrease the abundance of Firmicutes in T2DM mice, increase the abundance of Bacteroidetes. It also increased the abundance of some bacterial genera (Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Intestinimonas). The phenotypes of the gut microbiome also changed accordingly. Metabolomics analysis showed that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolisms, such as L-alanine and L-glutamic acid, were greatly affected by PSS. In addition, the levels of inositol and chlorogenic acid in metabolites also increased significantly under PSS intervention. In general, PSS could exert its hypoglycemic effect, regulate the gut microbiota and affect the metabolism of T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Chai
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Luo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yihong Bao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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Potential Interaction of Fresh Garlic with Metformin during Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Cardiac Injury in Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9739089. [PMID: 34527070 PMCID: PMC8437587 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9739089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methods The study was undertaken on both normoglycemic and alloxan (90 mg/kg) induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats weighing 150–250 g. At the completion of the treatment phase (30 days for garlic, 250 mg/kg, oral; 10 days for MET, 70 mg/kg, oral), rats were anesthetized and mounted on the modified Langendorff's apparatus. IRI was produced by myocardial no-flow global ischemia. Developed tension (DT) and heart rate (HR) were recorded both before and after ischemia. The perfusate was collected to estimate the leakage of cardiac biomarkers (Creatine Kinase-MB: CK-MB and Lactate dehydrogenase: LDH). Hearts were removed from the setup and utilized to prepare heart tissue homogenate (HTH) and histological slides. The endogenous antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), in addition to oxidative thiobarbituric acid substances (TBS), were estimated in HTH. Results The hemodynamic parameters, including percentage recovery in HR and DT, were found significantly higher in animals pretreated with garlic and MET in diabetic rats (DR). Both SOD and CAT enzyme activities increased significantly while TBS levels were reduced in the HTH of animals treated with garlic and MET. The cardiac markers CK-MB and LDH levels also increased in HTH with a corresponding decrease in the perfusate. The histopathological changes in the heart and pancreas demonstrated noticeable protection of the tissues due to pretreatment with garlic and MET. Taken together, these findings advocate that reactive oxygen species derived from hyperglycemia execute an important function in myocardial global IRI; the therapy of garlic homogenate was found to be effective in alleviating these toxic effects. Conclusion The combined therapy of MET and garlic provided synergistic cardioprotection, implying that garlic seems to possess promise in lowering toxic parameters by protecting diabetic induced myocardial injury.
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Fan F, Li X, Li K, Jia Z. To Find Out the Relationship Between Levels of Glycosylated Hemoglobin with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:797-807. [PMID: 34393486 PMCID: PMC8355550 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s324423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to further explore the related influencing factors. Methods Totally, 167 patients with T2DM and 68 non-diabetic subjects were selected. Further, T2DM patients were divided into 2 groups based on 7% HbA1c. Standard patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED), lipid layer thickness (LLT), partial blink (PB) ratio, percentage of partial glands (MGP), meibomian gland yielding liquid secretion (MGYLS), meibomian gland yielding secretion score (MGYSS), line of marx (LOM), tear break up time (TBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) and Schirmer I test (SIT) were applied to evaluate meibomian gland function. Finally, the correlation between HbA1c and various indicators was also analyzed. Results Between HbA1c≥7% group and HbA1c<7% group, the differences in LLT (P=0.003), MGP (P<0.001), MGYLS (P=0.014) and TBUT (P=0.015) were all statistically significant. Compared with the non-diabetic group, LLT (P=0.020), MBP (P<0.001), MGYS (P< 0.001), TBUT (P<0.001), SIT (P=0.001), TMH (P=0.017) and LOM (P<0.001) were significantly different in HbA1c≥7% group, while the differences of MBP (P=0.031), MGYSS (P<0.001), SIT (P=0.001) and LOM (P<0.001) in HbA1c≤7% group were statistically significant. Besides, the prevalence of MGD in HbA1c≥7% group was evidently higher than that in non-diabetic group (P=0.002). Correlation analysis showed that HbA1c was significantly associated with the LTT and MGP. Conclusion HbA1c≥7% is likely to result in meibomian gland function dysfunctions in T2DM patients, especially related to LLT and MGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyang Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
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Cao J, Wang H, Su JB, Wang XQ, Zhang DM, Wang XH, Liu WS, Ge XQ. Inverse relationship between serum adenosine deaminase levels and islet beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:54. [PMID: 34001220 PMCID: PMC8127294 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease, which characterized by islet beta cell dysfunction. Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an important enzyme that regulates the biological activity of insulin, and its levels are greatly increased in inflammatory diseases with insulin resistance. The present study was designed to explore the relationship between serum ADA levels and islet beta cell function in patients with T2D. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 1573 patients with T2D from the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University between 2015 and 2018. All participants were received serum ADA test and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin sensitivity index (assessed by Matsuda index using C-peptide, ISIM-cp), insulin secretion index (assessed by ratio of area under the C-peptide curve to glucose curve, AUCcp/glu) and islet beta cell function (assessed by insulin secretion-sensitivity index 2 using C-peptide, ISSI2cp) were derived from OGTT. And other clinical parameters, such as HbA1c, were also collected. RESULTS It was showed that HbA1c was significantly increased, while ISIM-cp, AUCcp/glu and ISSI2cp significantly decreased, across ascending quartiles of serum ADA levels. Moreover, serum ADA levels were negatively correlated with ISSI2cp (r = - 0.267, p < 0.001). Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical parameters by multiple linear regression analysis, serum ADA levels were still independently associated with ISSI2cp (β = - 0.125, t = - 5.397, p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.459). CONCLUSIONS Serum ADA levels are independently associated with islet beta cell function in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Jian-bin Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Xue-qin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Dong-mei Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Xiao-hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Wang-shu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
| | - Xiao-qin Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, No. 6, Haierxiang North Road, Nantong, 226001 China
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A Translational In Vivo and In Vitro Metabolomic Study Reveals Altered Metabolic Pathways in Red Blood Cells of Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061619. [PMID: 32471219 PMCID: PMC7355709 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical parameters used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) diagnosis and monitoring such as glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) are often unable to capture important information related to diabetic control and chronic complications. In order to search for additional biomarkers, we performed a pilot study comparing T2D patients with healthy controls matched by age, gender, and weight. By using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based metabolomics profiling of red blood cells (RBCs), we found that the metabolic signature of RBCs in T2D subjects differed significantly from non-diabetic controls. Affected metabolites included glutathione, 2,3-bisphophoglycerate, inosinic acid, lactate, 6-phosphogluconate, creatine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and several amino acids such as leucine, glycine, alanine, lysine, aspartate, phenylalanine and tyrosine. These results were validated by an independent cohort of T2D and control patients. An analysis of the pathways in which these metabolites were involved showed that energetic and redox metabolism in RBCs were altered in T2D, as well as metabolites transported by RBCs. Taken together, our results revealed that the metabolic profile of RBCs can discriminate healthy controls from T2D patients. Further research is needed to determine whether metabolic fingerprint in RBC could be useful to complement the information obtained from HbA1c and glycemic variability as well as its potential role in the diabetes management.
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Effects of Resistance Exercise on Glycated Hemoglobin and Functional Performance in Older Patients with Comorbid Diabetes Mellitus and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010224. [PMID: 31892277 PMCID: PMC6981558 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly associated with osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigated the effects of two resistance exercise approaches on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and function performance. Enrolled were 70 older patients with both T2DM and knee OA. The dynamic group performed resistance exercises with an elastic resistance band. The isometric group underwent isometric contraction exercises. After the 12-week intervention, a significant within-group improvement (all p < 0.001) was observed for the chair stand test (CST; 10.8%, vs. 7.1%), timed up and go (TUG) test (12.6% vs. 7.6%), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) physical function subscale (62.3% vs. 36.1%), and overall WOMAC (54.5% vs. 34.5%) in the dynamic and isometric group, respectively. In addition, in terms of between-group differences, the dynamic group had significant improvements in CST (p = 0.011), TUG (p < 0.001), WOMAC physical function subscale (p = 0.033), and overall WOMAC (p = 0.036) scores compared with the isometric group. However, no significant change in HbA1c was observed in either group. In conclusion, the dynamic resistance exercise significantly improved muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in this comorbid population; however, there was no notable difference in change in HbA1c among different resistance exercises.
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