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Elleuch J, Thabet J, Ghribi I, Jabeur H, Hernández LE, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S. Responses of Dunaliella sp. AL-1 to chromium and copper: Biochemical and physiological studies. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143133. [PMID: 39168386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae have gained recognition as versatile candidates for the remediation of heavy metals (HMs). This study investigated the biosorption potential of Dunaliella sp. AL1 for copper (Cu(II)) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in aqueous solutions. The marine microalga Dunaliella sp. AL1 was exposed to half-sublethal concentrations of both metals in single and bimetallic systems, and responses in algal growth, oxidative stress, photosynthetic pigment production, and photosynthetic performance were evaluated. Cu and/or Cr exposure increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in microalgae cells but did not impact algal growth. In terms of photosynthesis, there was a decrease in chlorophylls and carotenoids production in the microalgae culture treated with Cr, either alone or in combination with Cu. The study recorded promising metal removal efficiencies: 26.67%-20.11% for Cu and 94.99%-95.51% for Cr, in single and bimetallic systems, respectively. FTIR analysis revealed an affinity of Cu and Cr ions towards aliphatic/aldehyde C-H, N-H bending, and phosphate groups, suggesting the formation of complex bonds. Biochemical analysis of microalgae biomass collected after the removal of Cr alone or in combination with Cu showed a significant decrease in total carbohydrate content and soluble protein levels. Meanwhile, higher lipid accumulation was recorded and evidenced by BODIPY 505/515 staining. Fatty acid composition analysis by GC revealed a modulation in lipid composition, with a decrease in the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA), in response to Cu, Cr, and Cu-Cr exposure, indicating the suitability of the biomass for sustainable biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihen Elleuch
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale D'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Jihen Thabet
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Imtinen Ghribi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | | | - Luis Eduardo Hernández
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Equipe Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale D'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
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2
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Yang H, Zhang J, Li H. Strategies of NaCl Tolerance in Saline-Alkali-Tolerant Green Microalga Monoraphidium dybowskii LB50. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3495. [PMID: 37836235 PMCID: PMC10575140 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Studying how freshwater cells modify metabolism and membrane lipids in response to salt stress is important for understanding how freshwater organisms adapt to salt stress and investigating new osmoregulatory ways. Physiological, biochemical, metabolic, and proteomic analyses were applied in a novel saline-alkali-tolerant microalga Monoraphidium dybowskii LB50 under different NaCl concentrations. Cells adopt a variety of strategies to adapt to salt stress, including increasing ion transport and osmolytes, regulating cell cycle and life history, and accumulating triacylglycerol (TAG). A large number of metabolic activities point to TAG accumulation. With increasing NaCl concentration, the C resource for TAG accumulation went from photosynthetically fixed C and a small amount of lipid remodeling to macromolecule degradation and a mass of lipid remodeling, respectively. The energy for TAG accumulation went from linear electron transfer and oxidative phosphate pentose pathway to cyclic electron flow, substrate phosphorylation, oxidation phosphorylation, and FA oxidation. Additionally, digalacturonic acid and amino acids of the N-acetyl group, which usually were the osmotica for marine organisms, were important for M. dybowskii LB50. Freshwater organisms evolved many biological ways to adapt to salt stress. This insight enriches our understanding of the adaptation mechanisms underlying abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center of Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
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3
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Chen CY, Kuan SP, Nagarajan D, Chen JH, Ariyadasa TU, Chang JS. A novel two-stage process for the effective treatment of swine wastewater using Chlorella sorokiniana AK-1 based algal-bacterial consortium under semi-continuous operation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128119. [PMID: 36252751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at developing an eco-friendly and effective treatment for swine wastewater (SWW) using a designer microalgae-bacteria consortium. A functional algal bacterial consortium was developed with SWW-derived bacteria and Chlorella sorokiniana AK-1. Light intensity (300 µmol/m2/s) and inoculum size (0.15 and 0.2 g/L for microalgae and bacteria) were optimized. Semi-batch operation treating 50 % SWW resulted in a COD, BOD, TN, and TP removal efficiency of 81.1 ± 0.9 %, 97.0 ± 0.7 %, 90.6 ± 1.6 % and 91.3 ± 1.1 %, respectively. A novel two-stage process with an initial bacterial start-up stage followed by microalgal inoculation was applied for attaining stable organic carbon removal, in addition to satisfactory TN and TP removal. Full strength SWW was treated with this strategy with COD, BOD, TN, and TP removal efficiencies of 72.1 %, 94.9 %, 88 %, and 94.6 %, respectively. The biomass consisted of 36 % carbohydrates, indicating a potential feedstock for biochar production. In addition, the effluent met the standards for effluent discharge in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center for Circular Economy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Kuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Heng Chen
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Thilini U Ariyadasa
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa 10400, Sri Lanka
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan.
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4
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Xie Y, Zhang Z, Ma R, Liu X, Miao M, Ho SH, Chen J, Kit Leong Y, Chang JS. High-cell-density heterotrophic cultivation of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60 for achieving ultra-high lutein production efficiency. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128130. [PMID: 36252750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chlorella sorokiniana has received particular attention as a promising candidate for microalgal biomass and lutein production. In this work, heterotrophic cultivation was explored to improve the lutein production efficiency of a lutein-rich microalga C. sorokiniana FZU60. Flask cultivation results showed that the highest lutein productivity was achieved at 30°C with an initial cell concentration of 1.40 g/L. Furthermore, six types of fed-batch strategies based on nutrient composition and concentration were examined using a 5 L fermenter. Among them, ultra-high lutein production (415.93 mg/L) and productivity (82.50 mg/L/d) with lutein content of 2.57 mg/g were achieved with fed-batch 3F (i.e., pulse-feeding with concentrated urea-N medium to achieve a 3-fold nutrient concentration). The lutein production performance achieved is much higher than the reported values. This work demonstrates that heterotrophic cultivation of C. sorokiniana FZU60 with the proposed fed-batch strategy could significantly enhance the production performance and the commercial viability of microalgae-derived lutein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Xie
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Miao Miao
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Marine Biological Manufacturing Center of Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan.
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5
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Simultaneous nutrients removal and bio-compounds production by cultivating Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1 with unsterilized anaerobic digestate of dairy wastewater. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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He J, Du M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang J(K, Fu W, Lei A, Wang J. Fatty Acid Accumulations and Transcriptome Analyses Under Different Treatments in a Model Microalga Euglena gracilis. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.884451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continuous growth of the world’s population and the increasing development of industrialization, the demand for energy by human beings has been expanding, resulting in an increasingly severe energy crisis. Microalgae are considered the most potential alternatives to traditional fossil fuels due to their many advantages, like fast growth rate, strong carbon sequestration capacity, and low growth environment requirements. Euglena can use carbon sources such as glucose, ethanol, and others for heterotrophic growth. Moreover, Euglena is highly adaptable to the environment and has a high tolerance to various environmental stresses, such as salinity, heavy metals, antibiotics, etc. Different treatments of Euglena cells could affect their growth and the accumulation of bioactive substances, especially fatty acids. To expand the industrial application of Euglena as a potential biodiesel candidate, we determine the physiological responses of Euglena against environmental stresses (antibiotics, heavy metals, salinity) or carbon resources (glucose and ethanol), and evaluate the potential for higher quality and yield of fatty acid with a high growth rate. Adding glucose into the culture media increases cell biomass and fatty acid production with high-quality biodiesel characters. The transcriptome analysis helped explore the possible regulation and biosynthesis of fatty acids under different treatments and exploited in the improvement of biodiesel production. This study provides insights for further improvement and various culture treatments for Euglena-based biodiesel and jet fuels.
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Zhang H, Qin H, He J, Zheng Z, Zhao L, Lei A, Wang J. Evaluation of Euglena gracilis 815 as a New Candidate for Biodiesel Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:827513. [PMID: 35402390 PMCID: PMC8990129 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.827513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Euglena comprises over 200 species, of which Euglena gracilis is a model organism with a relatively high fatty acid content, making it an excellent potential source of biodiesel. This study isolated and characterized a new strain named E. gracilis 815. E. gracilis 815 cells were cultivated under light and dark conditions, with either ethanol or glucose as an external carbon source and an autotrophic medium as control. To achieve maximum active substances within a short period i.e., 6 days, the effects of the light condition and carbon source on the accumulation of bioactive ingredients of E. gracilis 815 were explored, especially fatty acids. In comparison with the industrially used E. gracilis Z strain, E. gracilis 815 exhibited high adaptability to different carbon sources and light conditions, with a comparable biomass and lipid yield. The content and composition of fatty acids of E. gracilis 815 were further determined to assess its potential for biodiesel use. Results suggested that E. gracilis 815 has biodiesel potential under glucose addition in dark culture conditions and could be a promising source for producing unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, E. gracilis 815 is a candidate for short-chain jet fuel, with prospects for a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yehua Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huan Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zezhou Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jiangxin Wang,
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8
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Kusmayadi A, Lu PH, Huang CY, Leong YK, Yen HW, Chang JS. Integrating anaerobic digestion and microalgae cultivation for dairy wastewater treatment and potential biochemicals production from the harvested microalgal biomass. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133057. [PMID: 34838828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing wastewaters as feedstock for microalgal cultivation has the dual benefits of water-saving and low nutrient costs, with simultaneous remediation of pollutants and generation of value-added biochemical products. This study employed two different strategies to treat raw dairy wastewaters with moderate and high chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels. For moderate-COD dairy wastewater, the wastewater was directly utilized as feedstock for algal cultivation, in which the effects of wastewater dilution ratios and algal inoculum sizes were investigated. The results show that the microalga strain used (Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1) was capable of obtaining a high biomass concentration of 3.2 ± 0.1 g/L, accompanied by 86.8 ± 6%, 94.6 ± 3%, and 80.7 ± 1%, removal of COD, total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN), respectively. Meanwhile, the obtained microalgal biomass has lipids content of up to 12.0 ± 0.7% at a wastewater dilution ratio of 50% and an inoculum size of 2 g/L. For high-COD dairy wastewater, an integrated process of anaerobic digestion and microalgal phycoremediation was employed, and the effect of inoculum sizes was also studied. The inoculum size of 2 g/L gave highest biomass production of 4.25 ± 0.10 g/L with over 93.0 ± 2.0% removal of COD, TP, and TN. The harvested microalgal biomass has lipids and protein content of 12.5 ± 2.2% and 18.0 ± 2.2%, respectively. The present study demonstrated potential microalgal phycoremediation strategies for the efficient COD removal and nutrients recovery from dairy wastewater of different COD levels with simultaneous production of microalgal biomass which contains valuable components, such as protein and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Kusmayadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Yen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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9
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Xu J, Zhao F, Su X. Direct extraction of lipids from wet microalgae slurries by super-high hydrostatic pressure. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Ma R, Zhang Z, Tang Z, Ho SH, Shi X, Liu L, Xie Y, Chen J. Enhancement of co-production of lutein and protein in Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60 using different bioprocess operation strategies. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:82. [PMID: 38650235 PMCID: PMC10992755 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-production of multiple compounds is an efficient approach to enhance the economic feasibility of microalgae-based metabolites production. In this study, Chlorella sorokiniana FZU60 was cultivated under different bioprocess strategies to enhance the co-production of lutein and protein. Results showed that both lutein and protein content (7.72 and 538.06 mg/g, respectively) were highest at the onset of nitrogen deficiency under batch cultivation. Semi-batch III strategy, with 75% microalgal culture replacement by fresh medium, obtained similar content, productivity, and yield of lutein and protein as batch cultivation, demonstrating that it can be used for stable and continuous production. Fed-batch II strategy, feeding with 1/3 modified BG11 medium, achieved super-high lutein and protein yield (28.81 and 1592.77 mg/L, respectively), thus can be used for high-output production. Besides, two-stage strategy, combining light intensity shift and semi-batch cultivation, gained extremely high lutein and protein productivity (15.31 and 1080.41 mg/L/day, respectively), thereby is a good option for high-efficiency production. Moreover, the fed-batch II and two-stage strategy achieved high-quality lutein and protein, thus are promising for the co-production of lutein and protein in C. sorokiniana FZU60 for commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Ma
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhuzhen Tang
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xinguo Shi
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lemian Liu
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Youping Xie
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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11
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He J, Liu C, Du M, Zhou X, Hu Z, Lei A, Wang J. Metabolic Responses of a Model Green Microalga Euglena gracilis to Different Environmental Stresses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:662655. [PMID: 34354984 PMCID: PMC8329484 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.662655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Euglena gracilis, a green microalga known as a potential candidate for jet fuel producers and new functional food resources, is highly tolerant to antibiotics, heavy metals, and other environmental stresses. Its cells contain many high-value products, including vitamins, amino acids, pigments, unsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrate paramylon as metabolites, which change contents in response to various extracellular environments. However, mechanism insights into the cellular metabolic response of Euglena to different toxic chemicals and adverse environmental stresses were very limited. We extensively investigated the changes of cell biomass, pigments, lipids, and paramylon of E. gracilis under several environmental stresses, such as heavy metal CdCl2, antibiotics paromomycin, and nutrient deprivation. In addition, global metabolomics by Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was applied to study other metabolites and potential regulatory mechanisms behind the differential accumulation of major high-valued metabolites. This study collects a comprehensive update on the biology of E. gracilis for various metabolic responses to stress conditions, and it will be of great value for Euglena cultivation and high-value [154mm][10mm]Q7metabolite production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - ChenChen Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengzhe Du
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiyi Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Chen CY, Kuo EW, Nagarajan D, Dong CD, Lee DJ, Varjani S, Lam SS, Chang JS. Semi-batch cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana AK-1 with dual carriers for the effective treatment of full strength piggery wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124773. [PMID: 33548816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, process optimization for the microalgae-based piggery wastewater treatment was carried out by growing Chlorella sorokiniana AK-1 on untreated piggery wastewater with efficient COD/BOD/TN/TP removal and high biomass/protein productivities. Integration of the immobilization carriers (sponge, activated carbon) and semi-batch cultivation resulted in the effective treatment of raw untreated piggery wastewater. With 100% wastewater, 0.2% sponge and 2% activated carbon, the semi-batch cultivation (90% media replacement every 6 days) exhibited a COD, BOD, TN and TP removal efficiency of 95.7%, 99.0%, 94.1% and 96.9%, respectively. The maximal protein content, protein productivity, lutein content, and lutein productivity of the obtained microalgal biomass was 61.1%, 0.48 g/L/d, 4.56 mg/g, and 3.56 mg/L/d, respectively. The characteristics of the treated effluent satisfied Taiwan Piggery Wastewater Discharge Standards (COD < 600 mg/L, BOD < 80 mg/L). This innovative approach demonstrated excellent performance for simultaneous piggery wastewater treatment and microalgal biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - En-Wei Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Dillirani Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
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Insights into the physiology of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in sweet sorghum bagasse hydrolysate for sustainable algal biomass and lipid production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6779. [PMID: 33762646 PMCID: PMC7991646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementing cultivation media with exogenous carbon sources enhances biomass and lipid production in microalgae. Utilization of renewable organic carbon from agricultural residues can potentially reduce the cost of algae cultivation, while enhancing sustainability. In the present investigation a medium was developed from sweet sorghum bagasse for cultivation of Chlorella under mixotrophic conditions. Using response surface methodology, the optimal values of critical process parameters were determined, namely inoculum cell density (O.D.750) of 0.786, SSB hydrolysate content of the medium 25% v/v, and zero medium salinity, to achieve maximum lipid productivity of 120 mg/L/d. Enhanced biomass (3.44 g/L) and lipid content (40% of dry cell weight) were observed when the alga was cultivated in SSB hydrolysate under mixotrophic conditions compared to heterotrophic and photoautotrophic conditions. A time course investigation revealed distinct physiological responses in terms of cellular growth and biochemical composition of C. vulgaris cultivated in the various trophic modes. The determined carbohydrate and lipid profiles indicate that sugar addition to the cultivation medium boosts neutral lipid synthesis compared to structural lipids, suggesting that carbon flux is channeled towards triacylglycerol synthesis in the cells. Furthermore, the fatty acid profile of lipids extracted from mixotrophically grown cultures contained more saturated and monosaturated fatty acids, which are suitable for biofuel manufacturing. Scale-up studies in a photobioreactor using SSB hydrolysate achieved a biomass concentration of 2.83 g/L consisting of 34% lipids and 26% carbohydrates. These results confirmed that SSB hydrolysate is a promising feedstock for mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella and synthesis of algal bioproducts and biofuels.
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Yang H, Hu C. Regulation and remodeling of intermediate metabolite and membrane lipid during NaCl-induced stress in freshwater microalga Micractinium sp. XJ-2 for biofuel production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3727-3738. [PMID: 32749671 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae can accumulate a large fraction of reduced carbon as lipids under NaCl stress. This study investigated the mechanism of carbon allocation and reduction and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in microalgae under NaCl-induced stress. Micractinium sp. XJ-2 was exposed to NaCl stress and cells were subjected to physiological, biochemical, and metabolic analyses to elucidate the stress-responsive mechanism. Lipid increased with NaCl concentration after 0-12 hr, then stabilized after 12-48 hr, and finally decreased after 48-72 hr, whereas TAG increased (0-48 hr) and then decreased (48-72 hr). Under NaCl-induced stress at lower concentrations, TAG accumulation, at first, mainly shown to rely on the carbon fixation through photosynthetic fixation, carbohydrate degradation, and membrane lipids remodeling. Moreover, carbon compounds generated by the degradation of some amino acids were reallocated and enhanced fatty acid synthesis. The remodeling of the membrane lipids of NaCl-induced microalgae relied on the following processes: (a) Increase in the amount of phospholipids and reduction in the amount of glycolipids and (b) extension of long-chain fatty acids. This study enhances our understanding of TAG production under NaCl stress and thus will provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of NaCl-induced in the microalgal biodiesel industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Comparison of the Photoautotrophic Growth Regimens of Chlorella sorokiniana in a Photobioreactor for Enhanced Biomass Productivity. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070169. [PMID: 32708813 PMCID: PMC7407388 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae have a wide industrial potential because of their high metabolic diversity and plasticity. Selection of optimal cultivation methods is important to optimize multi-purpose microalgal biotechnologies. In this research, Chlorella sorokiniana AM-02 that was isolated from a freshwater lake was cultured under various high photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) conditions and CO2 gas levels in standard Bold’s basal medium (BBM). Furthermore, a wide range of nitrate levels (180–1440 mg L−1) was tested on the growth of C. sorokiniana. Microalgae growth, pigment concentration, medium pH, exit gas composition, as well as nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate levels were measured during an experimental period. The preferred high PPFD and optimal CO2 levels were found to be 1000–1400 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and 0.5–2.0% (v/v), respectively. The addition of nitrate ions (up to 1440 mg L−1) to the standard growth medium increased final optical density (OD750), cell count, pigment concentration, and total biomass yield but decreased the initial growth rate at high nitrate levels. Our findings can serve as the basis for a robust photoautotrophic cultivation system to maximize the productivity of large-scale microalgal cultures.
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Ballesteros-Torres JM, Samaniego-Moreno L, Gomez-Flores R, Tamez-Guerra RS, Rodríguez-Padilla C, Tamez-Guerra P. Amino acids and acylcarnitine production by Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana microalgae from wastewater culture. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7977. [PMID: 31824754 PMCID: PMC6896938 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are a widely distributed group of prokaryotic and eukaryotic photosynthetic microorganisms that use a number of substances present in wastewater to produce a variety of biotechnological and nutritional biomolecules. METHODS Production ofamino acids and acylcarnitine by Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella sorokiniana was determined after 13 d of culture in wastewater, under various culture conditions. Wastewater was collected from "La Encantada" stream, located in Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico. Microalgae was cultured at 23°C and natural day light, including the use of the following conditions: (1) extra light (12:12 light:dark cycles, 1,380 lumens), (2) agitation (130 rpm), and (3) both conditions, until exponential phase. Supernatant products were then analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry. In addition, metabolomic profiles related to growing conditions were evaluated. RESULTS Amino acids and acylcarnitine production by C. sorokiniana and C. vulgaris resulted in higher Ala and Leu concentrations by C. vulgaris compared with control, where control produced Gly and Pro in higher amounts compared with C. sorokiniana. Tyr, Phe, Val, and Cit were detected in lower amounts under light and shaking culture conditions. High concentrations of C0 acylcarnitines were produced by both microalgae compared with control, where C. sorokiniana production was independent of culture conditions, whereas C. vulgaris one was stimulated by shaking. C4 production was higher by C. sorokiniana compared with control. Furthermore, C4, C6DC, C14:1, C14:2, and C18:1OH production by microalga was low in all culture conditions. CONCLUSION Microalgae produced essential amino acids and nutritionally important carnitines from wastewater. In addition, C. sorokiniana biomass has higher potential as animal nutrient supplement, as compared with that of C. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Ballesteros-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Luis Samaniego-Moreno
- Departamento de Riego y Drenaje, Laboratorio de Calidad de Aguas, Universidad Autónoma Agraria “Antonio Narro” (UAAAN), Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Reyes S. Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas (FCB), Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Ave. Universidad s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Liu X, Yan Y, Zhao P, Song J, Yu X, Wang Z, Xia J, Wang X. Oil crop wastes as substrate candidates for enhancing erythritol production by modified Yarrowia lipolytica via one-step solid state fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122194. [PMID: 31585340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil crop wastes are attractive feedstocks in microbial processes due to their low cost. However, the product yields can be limited by their undesirable nitrogen surplus. Present study proposed a one-step solid state fermentation (SSF) method for producing erythritol from unrefined oil crop wastes using a modified strain Y. lipolytica M53-S. Enhanced erythritol production (185.4 mg/gds) was obtained from peanut press cake mixed with 40% sesame meal and 10% waste cooking oil. The process was performed at pH 4.0 in 5 L flasks, with initial moisture content, NaCl addition, and inoculum size of 70%, 0.02 g/gds, and 7.5 × 104 cells/gds, respectively. This procedure showed advantages in terms of lower material cost than that of submerged fermentation and shorter culture cycle (96 h) than other SSF processes. In repeated-batch fermentation, erythritol was continuously produced for seven cycles. This study presents a feasible approach in developing an efficient erythritol cultivation from nitrogen-rich wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China.
| | - Yubo Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Pusu Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Jie Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Xinjun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
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Juanssilfero AB, Kahar P, Amza RL, Miyamoto N, Otsuka H, Matsumoto H, Kihira C, Thontowi A, Yopi, Ogino C, Prasetya B, Kondo A. Effect of inoculum size on single-cell oil production from glucose and xylose using oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:695-702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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De Francisci D, Su Y, Iital A, Angelidaki I. Evaluation of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:581-592. [PMID: 28303757 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1308441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the feasibility of microalgae production coupled with wastewater treatment was assessed. Continuous cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana with wastewater was tested in lab-scale flat-panel photobioreactors. Nitrogen and phosphorus removals were found to be inversely proportional to the four dilution rates, while chemical oxygen demand removal was found to be 50% at all the tested conditions. The biomass obtained at the highest dilution rate was characterized for its content of lipids, proteins and pigments. The average yields of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), protein, lutein, chlorophylls and β-carotene was 62.4, 388.2, 1.03, 11.82 and 0.44 mg per gram dry biomass, respectively. Economic analysis revealed that potentially more than 70% of revenue was from the production of pigments, that is, chlorophyllin (59.6%), lutein (8.9%) and β-carotene (5.0%) while reduction in discharging costs of the treated wastewaters could account for 19.6% of the revenue. Due to the low market price of biodiesel, the revenue from the above was found to be the least profitable (1.4%). Even when combining all these different revenues, this cultivation strategy was found with the current prices to be uneconomical. Power consumption for artificial light was responsible for the 94.5% of the production costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Francisci
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Yixi Su
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Arvo Iital
- b Department of Environmental Engineering , Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn , Estonia
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Technical University of Denmark , Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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Yang L, Chen J, Qin S, Zeng M, Jiang Y, Hu L, Xiao P, Hao W, Hu Z, Lei A, Wang J. Growth and lipid accumulation by different nutrients in the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:40. [PMID: 29456627 PMCID: PMC5809890 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual nutrient depletion is widely used to induce lipid accumulation in microalgae, which also causes cell growth inhibition and decreases the total biomass. Thus, improving the lipid accumulation without biomass loss in the nutrient deficiency cells becomes a potential cost-effective treatment for cheaper biofuels. METHODS In this study, the effects of different nutritional conditions on the growth and contents of lipids in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were compared, and the metabolic profiles under different nutritional conditions were also investigated. RESULTS We showed that similar to other microalgae, nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency inhibited the growth of Chlamydomonas and combined nutrition deficiency reduced biomass by up to 31.7%, though lipid contents in cells (g/g dry weight [DW]) were significantly increased. The addition of sodium acetate countered this growth inhibition that resulted from nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency, with significantly increased biomass. Furthermore, the combination of 4 g/L sodium acetate supplementation with nitrogen and phosphorous deficiency increased total fatty acid yield (mg/L) by 93.0 and 150.1% compared to nutrient-depleted and normal culture conditions, respectively. Metabolite content was affected by the different nutritional conditions, especially metabolites that are involved in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and metabolism of external substances. CONCLUSION Further research into these metabolites could shed light onto the relationship between cell growth inhibition and fatty acid accumulation in Chlamydomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongguang Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Lang Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Hao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
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Wang C, Li Y, Lu J, Deng X, Li H, Hu Z. Effect of overexpression of LPAAT and GPD1 on lipid synthesis and composition in green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2018; 30:1711-1719. [PMID: 29899598 PMCID: PMC5982436 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative energy source which has attracted increasing attention lately. Although algae-based biodiesel production has many benefits, it is still far from industrial application. Research suggests that improving lipid quality and production through genetic engineering of metabolic pathways will be the most promising way. To enhance lipid content, both lysophosphatidic acyltransferase gene (c-lpaat) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (c-gpd1), optimized according to the codon bias of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, were inserted into the genomic DNA of model microalga C. reinhardtii by the glass bead method. Transgenic algae were screened by zeomycin resistance and RT-PCR. The transcription levels of inserted genes and the fatty acid content were significantly increased after intermittent heat shock. Most of all, the transcription levels of c-lpaat and c-gpd1 were increased 5.3 and 8.6 times after triple heat shocks, resulting in an increase of 44.5 and 67.5% lipid content, respectively. Furthermore, the content of long-chain saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, especially C18 and C18:1t, notably increased, while unsaturated fatty acids dramatically decreased. The results of this study offer a new strategy combining genetic manipulation and intermittent heat shock to enhance lipid production, especially the production of long-chain saturated fatty acids, using C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- School of Science and School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Xu Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
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Rocha RP, Machado M, Vaz MGMV, Vinson CC, Leite M, Richard R, Mendes LBB, Araujo WL, Caldana C, Martins MA, Williams TC, Nunes-Nesi A. Exploring the metabolic and physiological diversity of native microalgal strains (Chlorophyta) isolated from tropical freshwater reservoirs. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Metabolic Flexibility Underpins Growth Capabilities of the Fastest Growing Alga. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2559-2567.e3. [PMID: 28803869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The factors rate-limiting growth of photosynthetic organisms under optimal conditions are controversial [1-8]. Adaptation to extreme environments is usually accompanied by reduced performance under optimal conditions [9, 10]. However, the green alga Chlorella ohadii, isolated from a harsh desert biological soil crust [11-17], does not obey this rule. In addition to resistance to photodamage [17, 18], it performs the fastest growth ever reported for photosynthetic eukaryotes. A multiphasic growth pattern (very fast growth [phase I], followed by growth retardation [phase II] and additional fast growth [phase III]) observed under constant illumination and temperature indicates synchronization of the algal population. Large physiological changes at transitions between growth phases suggest metabolic shifts. Indeed, metabolome analyses at points along the growth phases revealed large changes in the levels of many metabolites during growth with an overall rise during phase I and decline in phase II. Multivariate analysis of the metabolome data highlighted growth phase as the main factor contributing to observed metabolite variance. The analyses identified putrescine as the strongest predictive metabolite for growth phase and a putative growth regulator. Indeed, extracellular additions of polyamines strongly affected the growth rate in phase I and the growth arrest in phase II, with a marked effect on O2 exchange. Our data implicate polyamines as the signals harmonizing metabolic shifts and suggest that metabolic flexibility enables the immense growth capabilities of C. ohadii. The data provide a new dimension to current models focusing on growth-limiting processes in photosynthetic organisms where the anabolic and catabolic metabolisms must be strictly regulated.
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Park S, Kim J, Park Y, Son S, Cho S, Kim C, Lee T. Comparison of batch cultivation strategies for cost-effective biomass production of Micractinium inermum NLP-F014 using a blended wastewater medium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:432-438. [PMID: 28347963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two competitive strategies, fed-batch and sequencing-batch cultivation, were compared in cost-effective biomass production of a high lipid microalgae, Micractinium inermum NLP-F014 using a blended wastewater medium. For fed-batch cultivations, additional nutrient was supplemented at day 2 (FB1) or consecutively added at day 2 and 4 (FB2). Through inoculum size test, 1.0g-DCWL-1 was selected for the sequencing-batch cultivation (SB) where about 65% of culture was replaced with fresh medium every 2days. Both fed-batch cultivations showed the maximum biomass productivity of 0.95g-DCWL-1d-1, while average biomass productivity in SB was slightly higher as 0.96±0.08g-DCWL-1d-1. Furthermore, remained concentrations of organics (426mg-CODL-1), total nitrogen (15.4mg-NL-1) and phosphorus (0.6mg-PL-1) in SB were much lower than those of fed-batch conditions. The results suggested that SB could be a promising strategy to cultivate M. inermum NLP-F014 with the blended wastewater medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghwan Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghyun Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Son
- Information Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, 1217, Jungang-daero Road, Yeon-ji-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunja Cho
- Department of Microbiology, School of Natural Science, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Kim
- Institute of Environmental Technology and Industry, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Rashel RH, Patiño R. Influence of genetic background, salinity, and inoculum size on growth of the ichthyotoxic golden alga (Prymnesium parvum). HARMFUL ALGAE 2017; 66:97-104. [PMID: 28602258 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Salinity (5-30) effects on golden alga growth were determined at a standard laboratory temperature (22°C) and one associated with natural blooms (13°C). Inoculum-size effects were determined over a wide size range (100-100,000cellsml-1). A strain widely distributed in the USA, UTEX-2797 was the primary study subject but another of limited distribution, UTEX-995 was used to evaluate growth responses in relation to genetic background. Variables examined were exponential growth rate (r), maximum cell density (max-D) and, when inoculum size was held constant (100cellsml-1), density at onset of exponential growth (early-D). In UTEX-2797, max-D increased as salinity increased from 5 to ∼10-15 and declined thereafter regardless of temperature but r remained generally stable and only declined at salinity of 25-30. In addition, max-D correlated positively with r and early-D, the latter also being numerically highest at salinity of 15. In UTEX-995, max-D and r responded similarly to changes in salinity - they remained stable at salinity of 5-10 and 5-15, respectively, and declined at higher salinity. Also, max-D correlated with r but not early-D. Inoculum size positively and negatively influenced max-D and r, respectively, in both strains and these effects were significant even when the absolute size difference was small (100 versus 1000 cells ml-1). When cultured under similar conditions, UTEX-2797 grew faster and to much higher density than UTEX-995. In conclusion, (1) UTEX-2797's superior growth performance may explain its relatively wide distribution in the USA, (2) the biphasic growth response of UTEX-2797 to salinity variation, with peak abundance at salinity of 10-15, generally mirrors golden alga abundance-salinity associations in US inland waters, and (3) early cell density - whether artificially manipulated or naturally attained - can influence UTEX-2797 bloom potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakib H Rashel
- Department of Biological Sciences and Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
| | - Reynaldo Patiño
- U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and Departments of Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA.
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Internally illuminated photobioreactor using a novel type of light-emitting diode (LED) bar for cultivation of Arthrospira platensis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Wang C, Chen X, Li H, Wang J, Hu Z. Artificial miRNA inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase increases fatty acid production in a green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:91. [PMID: 28413446 PMCID: PMC5390379 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrient limitation, such as nitrogen depletion, is the most widely used method for improving microalgae fatty acid production; however, these harsh conditions also inhibit algal growth significantly and even kill cells at all. To avoid these problems, we used artificial microRNA (amiRNA) technology as a useful tool to manipulate metabolic pathways to increase fatty acid contents effectively in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We down-regulated the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), which catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate from phosphoenolpyruvate and regulates carbon flux. RESULTS amiRNAs against two CrPEPC genes were designed and transformed into Chlamydomonas cells and amiRNAs were induced by heat shock treatment. The transcription levels of amiRNAs increased 16-28 times, resulting in the remarkable decreases of the expression of CrPEPCs. In the end, inhibiting the expression of the CrPEPC genes dramatically increased the total fatty acid content in the transgenic algae by 28.7-48.6%, which mostly increased the content of C16-C22 fatty acids. Furthermore, the highest content was that of C18:3n3 with an average increase of 35.75%, while C20-C22 fatty acid content significantly increased by 85-160%. CONCLUSIONS Overall our results suggest that heat shock treatment induced the expression of amiRNAs, which can effectively down-regulate the expression of CrPEPCs in C. reinhardtii, resulting in an increase of fatty acid synthesis with the most significant increase occurring for C16 to C22 fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogang Wang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 People’s Republic of China
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Microalgal green refinery concept for biosequestration of carbon-dioxide vis-à-vis wastewater remediation and bioenergy production: Recent technological advances in climate research. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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30
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Metabolomic profiling of the astaxanthin accumulation process induced by high light in Haematococcus pluvialis. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Bohutskyi P, Kligerman DC, Byers N, Nasr LK, Cua C, Chow S, Su C, Tang Y, Betenbaugh MJ, Bouwer EJ. Effects of inoculum size, light intensity, and dose of anaerobic digestion centrate on growth and productivity of Chlorella and Scenedesmus microalgae and their poly-culture in primary and secondary wastewater. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Nezammahalleh H, Ghanati F, Adams TA, Nosrati M, Shojaosadati SA. Effect of moderate static electric field on the growth and metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:700-711. [PMID: 27420157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An electric field (EF) generator device was fabricated and applied to the treatment of Chlorella vulgaris ISC33 at three distinct concentrations before cultivation. The EF of moderate intensity (2.7kVcm(-1)) has a hormetic effect on algal growth. The highest growth stimulation of 51% was observed after 50min treatment of 0.4gL(-1) algal suspension. The influence of EF on the system was then studied from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. The growth rate increased with treatment time up to a maximum because of improved membrane permeability, and then declined afterwards due to peroxide accumulation in the medium. The contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins were also measured to understand possible changes on algal metabolism. The EF treatment of algal suspension has no observable effect on the cell metabolism while both algal growth and metabolism was significantly affected by the inoculum size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nezammahalleh
- Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghanati
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas A Adams
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohsen Nosrati
- Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Zeng M, Hao W, Zou Y, Shi M, Jiang Y, Xiao P, Lei A, Hu Z, Zhang W, Zhao L, Wang J. Fatty acid and metabolomic profiling approaches differentiate heterotrophic and mixotrophic culture conditions in a microalgal food supplement 'Euglena'. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:49. [PMID: 27255274 PMCID: PMC4890288 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae have been recognized as a good food source of natural biologically active ingredients. Among them, the green microalga Euglena is a very promising food and nutritional supplements, providing high value-added poly-unsaturated fatty acids, paramylon and proteins. Different culture conditions could affect the chemical composition and food quality of microalgal cells. However, little information is available for distinguishing the different cellular changes especially the active ingredients including poly-saturated fatty acids and other metabolites under different culture conditions, such as light and dark. RESULTS In this study, together with fatty acid profiling, we applied a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics to differentiate hetrotrophic and mixotrophic culture conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests metabolomics can shed light on understanding metabolomic changes under different culture conditions and provides a theoretical basis for industrial applications of microalgae, as food with better high-quality active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Hao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Nanshan District key lab for biopolymers and safety evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengliang Shi
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguang Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
- Nanshan District key lab for biopolymers and safety evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
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Garg S, Rizhsky L, Jin H, Yu X, Jing F, Yandeau-Nelson MD, Nikolau BJ. Microbial production of bi-functional molecules by diversification of the fatty acid pathway. Metab Eng 2016; 35:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Xia ML, Wang L, Yang ZX, Chen HZ. Periodic-peristole agitation for process enhancement of butanol fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:225. [PMID: 26702300 PMCID: PMC4689062 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass transfer plays an important role in determining the efficiency of the biofuel conversion. However, adverse effect of shear stress from traditional agitation inhibits the cell growth and production of biofuels. How to enhance the mass transfer with less adverse effect is considered as one of the important bioengineering issues. RESULTS In this study, a novel agitation type, named periodic-peristole was applied to butanol fermentation with Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Meanwhile, the enhancement mechanism was studied. Initially, the fermentation performance of periodic-peristole agitation was compared with the traditional Rushton impeller and stationary cultivation. Result showed that the biomass, butanol and total solvent in periodic-peristole group (PPG) was enhanced to 1.92-, 2.06-, and 2.4-fold of those in the traditional Rushton impeller group (TIG), as well as 1.64-, 1.19- and 1.41-fold of those in the stationary group (SG). Subsequently, to get in-depth insight into enhancement mechanism, hydromechanics analysis and metabolic flux analysis (MFA) were carried out. The periodic-peristole agitation exhibits significant difference on velocity distribution, shear force, and mixing efficiency from the traditional Rushton impeller agitation. And the shear force in PPG is only 74 % of that in TIG. According to MFA result, fructose 6-phosphate, pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, oxaloacetate and α-ketoglutarate were determined the key nodes of cells in response to hydrodynamic mechanical stress. Based on such key information, rational enhancement strategies were proposed and butanol production was further improved. CONCLUSION The agitation associated with three issues which resulted in significant changes in cell metabolic behaviors: first, a rebalanced redox status; second, the energy (ATP) acquirement and consumption; third, the tolerance mechanism of the cell for survival of solvent. Periodic-peristole agitation provides an answer to address a long-standing problem of biofuel engineering. Key information derived from current study deepens the understanding of agitation, which can guide the designment of new bioreactors and development of enhancement strategies for biofuel refinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-lei Xia
- />State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190 China
- />University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 80 Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Lan Wang
- />State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Zhi-xia Yang
- />College of Mathematics and System Science, Xinjiang University, No. 14 Shengli Road, Urumchi, 830046 China
| | - Hong-zhang Chen
- />State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Beiertiao, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190 China
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Yu X, Niu X, Zhang X, Pei G, Liu J, Chen L, Zhang W. Identification and mechanism analysis of chemical modulators enhancing astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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37
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Simas-Rodrigues C, Villela HDM, Martins AP, Marques LG, Colepicolo P, Tonon AP. Microalgae for economic applications: advantages and perspectives for bioethanol. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4097-108. [PMID: 25873683 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Renewable energy has attracted significant interest in recent years as a result of sustainability, environmental impact, and socio-economic considerations. Given existing technological knowledge and based on projections relating to biofuels derived from microalgae, microalgal feedstock is considered to be one of the most important renewable energy sources potentially available for industrial production. Therefore, this review examines microalgal bioethanol technology, which converts biomass from microalgae to fuel, the chemical processes involved, and possible ways of increasing the bioethanol yield, such as abiotic factors and genetic manipulation of fermenting organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Simas-Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena D M Villela
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline P Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiza G Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pio Colepicolo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela P Tonon
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, PO Box M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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38
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Comparative metabolomic analysis of the effects of light quality on polysaccharide production of cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Wang G, Huang D, Li Y, Wen J, Jia X. A metabolic-based approach to improve xylose utilization for fumaric acid production from acid pretreated wheat bran by Rhizopus oryzae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 180:119-127. [PMID: 25594507 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, wheat bran (WB) was utilized as feedstock to synthesize fumaric acid by Rhizopus oryzae. Firstly, the pretreatment process of WB by dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis undertaken at 100°C for 30min offered the best performance for fumaric acid production. Subsequently, through optimizing the seed culture medium, a suitable morphology (0.55mm pellets diameter) of R. oryzae was obtained. Furthermore, a metabolic-based approach was developed to profile the differences of intracellular metabolites concentration of R. oryzae between xylose (the abundant sugar in wheat bran hydrolysate (WBH)) and glucose metabolism. The xylitol, sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, ribulose 5-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, proline and serine were responsible for fumaric acid biosynthesis limitation in xylose fermentation. Consequently, regulation strategies were proposed, leading to a 149% increase in titer (up to 15.4g/L). Finally, by combinatorial regulation strategies the highest production was 20.2g/L from WBH, 477% higher than that of initial medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Huang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wen
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Jia
- Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), 300072, People's Republic of China
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Xie Y, Jin Y, Zeng X, Chen J, Lu Y, Jing K. Fed-batch strategy for enhancing cell growth and C-phycocyanin production of Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis under phototrophic cultivation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 180:281-7. [PMID: 25618497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The C-phycocyanin generated in blue-green algae Arthrospira platensis is gaining commercial interest due to its nutrition and healthcare value. In this study, the light intensity and initial biomass concentration were manipulated to improve cell growth and C-phycocyanin production of A.platensis in batch cultivation. The results show that low light intensity and high initial biomass concentration led to increased C-phycocyanin accumulation. The best C-phycocyanin productivity occurred when light intensity and initial biomass concentration were 300μmol/m(2)/s and 0.24g/L, respectively. The fed-batch cultivation proved to be an effective strategy to further enhance C-phycocyanin production of A.platensis. The results indicate that C-phycocyanin accumulation not only requires nitrogen-sufficient condition, but also needs other nutrients. The highest C-phycocyanin content (16.1%), production (1034mg/L) and productivity (94.8mg/L/d) were obtained when using fed-batch strategy with 5mM medium feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youping Xie
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiwen Jin
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yinghua Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Keju Jing
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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41
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Wang X, Bai X, Chen DF, Chen FZ, Li BZ, Yuan YJ. Increasing proline and myo-inositol improves tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the mixture of multiple lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:142. [PMID: 26379774 PMCID: PMC4570682 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of robust microbes with tolerance to the combined lignocellulose-derived inhibitors is critical for the efficient cellulosic ethanol production. However, the lack of understanding on the inhibition mechanism limited the rational engineering of tolerant strain. Here, through the metabolomic analysis of an adaptation process of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to representative inhibitors, i.e., furfural, acetic acid and phenol (FAP), we figured out the new candidates for improving inhibitor tolerance. RESULTS After metabolomic analysis, proline and myo-inositol were identified as the potential metabolites responsible for strain tolerance to inhibitors. The deletion of genes involved in proline or myo-inositol synthesis weakened strain tolerance against FAP stress. On the contrary, the addition of proline or myo-inositol in medium exerted a protective effect on cell growth under FAP stress. Furthermore, the enhancement of proline or myo-inositol synthesis by overexpressing key gene PRO1 or INO1 conferred yeast strain significantly increased FAP tolerance. All the recombinant strains finished the fermentation within 60 h under FAP stress, while the control strain was still in the lag phase. Meanwhile, it was found that the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under FAP condition was decreased with the increase of proline content, suggesting the function of proline as a ROS scavenger to protect strains from inhibitor damage. CONCLUSION Increasing proline and myo-inositol were uncovered as the new determinants for improving strain tolerance to FAP under the guidance of metabolomics. Meanwhile, this study displayed the powerful application of metabolomics to develop rational strategies to increase stress tolerance and provided valuable insights into the design of recombinant microbes for the complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- />Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- />SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- />Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- />SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Fang Chen
- />School of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Zan Chen
- />School of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Zhi Li
- />Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- />SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- />Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
- />SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 People’s Republic of China
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Ojo EO, Auta H, Baganz F, Lye GJ. Engineering characterisation of a shaken, single-use photobioreactor for early stage microalgae cultivation using Chlorella sorokiniana. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 173:367-375. [PMID: 25314667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the characterisation and culture performance of a novel, orbitally shaken, single-use photobioreactor (SUPBr) system for microalgae cultivation. The SUPBr mounted on an orbitally shaken platform was illuminated from below. Investigation of fluid hydrodynamics indicated a range of different flow regimes and the existence of 'in-phase' and 'out-of-phase' conditions. Quantification of the fluid mixing time (tm) indicated a decrease in tm values with increasing shaking frequency up to 90 rpm and then approximately constant tm values in the range 15-40 s. For batch cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana, the highest biomass concentration achieved was 6.6 g L(-1) at light intensity of 180 μmol m2 s(-1). Doubling the total working volume resulted in 35-40% reduction in biomass yield while shaking frequency had little influence on culture kinetics and fatty methyl esters composition. Overall this work demonstrates the utility of the SUPBr for early stage development of algal cultivation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Ojo
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - H Auta
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - F Baganz
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - G J Lye
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
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43
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Qi H, Zhao S, Fu H, Wen J, Jia X. Coupled cell morphology investigation and metabolomics analysis improves rapamycin production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Enhancement of ascomycin production in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus by combining resin HP20 addition and metabolic profiling analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:1365-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Combinatorial approach of adsorbent resin HP20 addition and metabolic profiling analysis were carried out to enhance ascomycin production. Under the optimal condition of 5 % m/v HP20 added at 24 h, ascomycin production was increased to 380 from 300 mg/L. To further rationally guide the improvement of ascomycin production, metabolic profiling analysis was employed to investigate the intracellular metabolite changes of Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus FS35 in response to HP20 addition. A correlation between the metabolic profiles and ascomycin accumulation was revealed by partial least-squares to latent structures discriminant analysis, and 11 key metabolites that most contributed to metabolism differences and ascomycin biosynthesis were identified. Based on the analysis of metabolite changes together with their pathways, the potential key factors associated with ascomycin overproduction were determined. Finally, rationally designed fermentation strategies based on HP20 addition were performed as follows: 2 % v/v n-hexadecane was added at 24 h; 1.0 g/L valine was supplemented at 48 h; 1.0 g/L lysine was added at 72 h. The ascomycin production was ultimately improved to 460 mg/L, a 53.3 % enhancement compared with that obtained in initial condition. These results demonstrated that the combination of HP20 addition and metabolic profiling analysis could be successfully applied to the rational guidance of production improvement of ascomycin, as well as other clinically important compounds.
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Song H, Ding MZ, Jia XQ, Ma Q, Yuan YJ. Synthetic microbial consortia: from systematic analysis to construction and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:6954-81. [PMID: 25017039 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00114a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is an emerging research field that focuses on using rational engineering strategies to program biological systems, conferring on them new functions and behaviours. By developing genetic parts and devices based on transcriptional, translational, post-translational modules, many genetic circuits and metabolic pathways had been programmed in single cells. Extending engineering capabilities from single-cell behaviours to multicellular microbial consortia represents a new frontier of synthetic biology. Herein, we first reviewed binary interaction modes of microorganisms in microbial consortia and their underlying molecular mechanisms, which lay the foundation of programming cell-cell interactions in synthetic microbial consortia. Systems biology studies on cellular systems enable systematic understanding of diverse physiological processes of cells and their interactions, which in turn offer insights into the optimal design of synthetic consortia. Based on such fundamental understanding, a comprehensive array of synthetic microbial consortia constructed in the last decade were reviewed, including isogenic microbial communities programmed by quorum sensing-based cell-cell communications, sender-receiver microbial communities with one-way communications, and microbial ecosystems wired by two-way (bi-directional) communications. Furthermore, many applications including using synthetic microbial consortia for distributed bio-computations, chemicals and bioenergy production, medicine and human health, and environments were reviewed. Synergistic development of systems and synthetic biology will provide both a thorough understanding of naturally occurring microbial consortia and rational engineering of these complicated consortia for novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
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Han PP, Jia SR, Sun Y, Tan ZL, Zhong C, Dai YJ, Tan N, Shen SG. Metabolomic approach to optimizing and evaluating antibiotic treatment in the axenic culture of cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:2407-18. [PMID: 24832956 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1666-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The application of antibiotic treatment with assistance of metabolomic approach in axenic isolation of cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme was investigated. Seven antibiotics were tested at 1-100 mg L(-1), and order of tolerance of N. flagelliforme cells was obtained as kanamycin > ampicillin, tetracycline > chloromycetin, gentamicin > spectinomycin > streptomycin. Four antibiotics were selected based on differences in antibiotic sensitivity of N. flagelliforme and associated bacteria, and their effects on N. flagelliforme cells including the changes of metabolic activity with antibiotics and the metabolic recovery after removal were assessed by a metabolomic approach based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis. The results showed that antibiotic treatment had affected cell metabolism as antibiotics treated cells were metabolically distinct from control cells, but the metabolic activity would be recovered via eliminating antibiotics and the sequence of metabolic recovery time needed was spectinomycin, gentamicin > ampicillin > kanamycin. The procedures of antibiotic treatment have been accordingly optimized as a consecutive treatment starting with spectinomycin, then gentamicin, ampicillin and lastly kanamycin, and proved to be highly effective in eliminating the bacteria as examined by agar plating method and light microscope examination. Our work presented a strategy to obtain axenic culture of N. flagelliforme and provided a method for evaluating and optimizing cyanobacteria purification process through diagnosing target species cellular state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-pei Han
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, People's Republic of China
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Rosenberg JN, Kobayashi N, Barnes A, Noel EA, Betenbaugh MJ, Oyler GA. Comparative analyses of three Chlorella species in response to light and sugar reveal distinctive lipid accumulation patterns in the Microalga C. sorokiniana. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92460. [PMID: 24699196 PMCID: PMC3974682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While photosynthetic microalgae, such as Chlorella, serve as feedstocks for nutritional oils and biofuels, heterotrophic cultivation can augment growth rates, support high cell densities, and increase triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid content. However, these species differ significantly in their photoautotrophic and heterotrophic characteristics. In this study, the phylogeny of thirty Chlorella strains was determined in order to inform bioprospecting efforts and detailed physiological assessment of three species. The growth kinetics and lipid biochemistry of C. protothecoides UTEX 411, C. vulgaris UTEX 265, and C. sorokiniana UTEX 1230 were quantified during photoautotrophy in Bold's basal medium (BBM) and heterotrophy in BBM supplemented with glucose (10 g L−1). Heterotrophic growth rates of UTEX 411, 265, and 1230 were found to be 1.5-, 3.7-, and 5-fold higher than their respective autotrophic rates. With a rapid nine-hour heterotrophic doubling time, Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230 maximally accumulated 39% total lipids by dry weight during heterotrophy compared to 18% autotrophically. Furthermore, the discrete fatty acid composition of each strain was examined in order to elucidate lipid accumulation patterns under the two trophic conditions. In both modes of growth, UTEX 411 and 265 produced 18∶1 as the principal fatty acid while UTEX 1230 exhibited a 2.5-fold enrichment in 18∶2 relative to 18∶1. Although the total lipid content was highest in UTEX 411 during heterotrophy, UTEX 1230 demonstrated a two-fold increase in its heterotrophic TAG fraction at a rate of 28.9 mg L−1 d−1 to reach 22% of the biomass, corresponding to as much as 90% of its total lipids. Interestingly, UTEX 1230 growth was restricted during mixotrophy and its TAG production rate was suppressed to 18.2 mg L−1 d−1. This constraint on carbon flow raises intriguing questions about the impact of sugar and light on the metabolic regulation of microalgal lipid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian N Rosenberg
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Synaptic Research LLC, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Naoko Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Austin Barnes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Eric A Noel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - George A Oyler
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Synaptic Research LLC, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
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48
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Wang J, Yang H, Wang F. Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production: status and prospects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3307-29. [PMID: 24532442 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biodiesel from microalgae provides a promising alternative for biofuel production. Microalgae can be produced under three major cultivation modes, namely photoautotrophic cultivation, heterotrophic cultivation, and mixotrophic cultivation. Potentials and practices of biodiesel production from microalgae have been demonstrated mostly focusing on photoautotrophic cultivation; mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production has rarely been reviewed. This paper summarizes the mechanisms and virtues of mixotrophic microalgae cultivation through comparison with other major cultivation modes. Influencing factors of microalgal biodiesel production under mixotrophic cultivation are presented, development of combining microalgal biodiesel production with wastewater treatment is especially reviewed, and bottlenecks and strategies for future commercial production are also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Wang
- Research Institute of Environmental Planning and Management, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Lizzul AM, Hellier P, Purton S, Baganz F, Ladommatos N, Campos L. Combined remediation and lipid production using Chlorella sorokiniana grown on wastewater and exhaust gases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 151:12-8. [PMID: 24189380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Substitution of conventional feedstock with waste based alternatives is one route towards both remediation and reducing costs associated with production of algal biomass. This work explores whether exhaust gases and wastewater can replace conventional feedstock in the production of biomass from Chlorella sorokiniana. Exhaust gases were used to augment production in final effluent, anaerobic digester centrate or in standard medium. Cultures were grown in 1L bottles under illumination of 80 μmol m(-2) s(-1). The results showed an average μmax ranging between 0.04 and 0.07 h(-1), whilst the final biomass yield in different media ranged between 220 and 330 mg L(-1). Lipid yield was increased over time to 31 mg L(-1). CO2 addition resulted in complete nitrogen removal between 48 and 96 h in both final effluent and centrate. The results also indicated that levels of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases can be reduced by between 20% and 95%.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lizzul
- Centre for Urban Sustainability and Resilience, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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50
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Chi Z, Elloy F, Xie Y, Hu Y, Chen S. Selection of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Strains for Bicarbonate-Based Integrated Carbon Capture and Algae Production System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:447-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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