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Chandrasekar M, Collins JL, Habibi S, Ong RG. Microfluidic reactor designed for time-lapsed imaging of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:129989. [PMID: 37931765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tissue-specific biochemical heterogeneities of lignocellulosic biomass on biomass deconstruction is best understood through confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) combined with immunohistochemistry. However, this process can be challenging, given the fragility of plant materials, and is generally not able to observe changes in the same section of biomass during both pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. To overcome this challenge, a custom polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic imaging reactor was constructed using standard photolithographic techniques. As proof of concept, CLSM was performed on 60 μm-thick corn stem sections during pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis using the imaging reactor. Based on the fluorescence images, the less lignified parenchyma cell walls were more susceptible to pretreatment than the lignin-rich vascular bundles. During enzymatic hydrolysis, the highly lignified protoxylem cell wall was the most resistant, remaining unhydrolyzed even after 48 h. Therefore, imaging thin whole biomass sections was useful to obtain tissue-specific changes during biomass deconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenaa Chandrasekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA
| | - Jeana L Collins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA
| | - Sanaz Habibi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca G Ong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, 49931, MI, USA.
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Rubio-Valle JF, Martín-Alfonso JE, Eugenio ME, Ibarra D, Oliva JM, Manzanares P, Valencia C. Bioethanol lignin-rich residue from olive stones for electrospun nanostructures development and castor oil structuring. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128042. [PMID: 37977476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the chemical and structural characterization of a lignin-rich residue from the bioethanol production of olive stones and its use for nanostructures development by electrospinning and castor oil structuring. The olive stones were treated by sequential acid/steam explosion pretreatment, further pre-saccharification using a hydrolytic enzyme, and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF). The chemical composition of olive stone lignin-rich residue (OSL) was evaluated by standard analytical methods, showing a high lignin content (81.3 %). Moreover, the structural properties were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and size exclusion chromatography. OSL showed a predominance of β-β' resinol, followed by β-O-4' alkyl aryl ethers and β-5' phenylcoumaran substructures, high molecular weight, and low S/G ratio. Subsequently, electrospun nanostructures were obtained from solutions containing 20 wt% OSL and cellulose triacetate with variable weight ratios in N, N-Dimethylformamide/Acetone blends and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Their morphologies were highly dependent on the rheological properties of polymeric solutions. Gel-like dispersions can be obtained by dispersing the electrospun OSL/CT bead nanofibers and uniform nanofiber mats in castor oil. The rheological properties were influenced by the membrane concentration and the OSL:CT weight ratio, as well as the morphology of the electrospun nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F Rubio-Valle
- Pro(2)TecS - Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Universidad de Huelva, ETSI, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - José E Martín-Alfonso
- Pro(2)TecS - Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Universidad de Huelva, ETSI, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - María E Eugenio
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA, CSIC), Ctra de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - David Ibarra
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR-INIA, CSIC), Ctra de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - José M Oliva
- Biofuels Unit, Renewable Energies Division, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Paloma Manzanares
- Biofuels Unit, Renewable Energies Division, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Concepción Valencia
- Pro(2)TecS - Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Universidad de Huelva, ETSI, Campus de "El Carmen", Huelva 21071, Spain.
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Ovejero-Pérez A, Rigual V, Domínguez JC, Alonso MV, Oliet M, Rodriguez F. Effect of autohydrolysis and ionosolv treatments on eucalyptus fractionation and recovered lignin properties †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10338-10348. [PMID: 37020891 PMCID: PMC10068429 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood fractionation is key for the integral valorization of its three main components. In this sense, recovering the hemicellulosic fraction after the ionosolv treatment of lignocellulosic materials is one of the main drawbacks of this process. Thus, the incorporation of a previous autohydrolyisis step to recover the hemicellulosic sugars before the ionosolv treatment is an interesting approach. The influence of both treatments, autohydrolysis and ionosolv, on the biomass fractions recovery yields was studied by a central composite design of experiments, varying the autohydrolysis temperature in a 175–195 °C range and ionosolv time between 1–5 h. Lignin recovery and cellulose purity were maximized at 184 °C and 3.5 h of autohydrolysis temperature and ionosolv time, respectively. In addition, lignin properties were incorporated to the statistical model, revealing lignin recondensation at severe conditions and a higher influence of the ionosolv treatment on lignin characteristics. These results remarked the importance of studying the effect of both treatments in the whole fractionation process and not each process separately and enhanced the understanding of the treatments combination in a complete fractionation biorefinery approach. This work enhances the understanding of the effect of autohydrolysis and ionosolv treatments combination on fractionation yields and lignin properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ovejero-Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Victoria Rigual
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Juan C. Domínguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - M. Virginia Alonso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Mercedes Oliet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid28040 MadridSpain
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Zhu D, Qaria MA, Zhu B, Sun J, Yang B. Extremophiles and extremozymes in lignin bioprocessing. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2022; 157:112069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.112069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Jia W, Shi H, Sheng X, Guo Y, Fatehi P, Niu M. Correlation between physicochemical characteristics of lignin deposited on autohydrolyzed wood chips and their cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126941. [PMID: 35247555 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis is a method to generate biofuel from biomass, and autohydrolysis is a popular method to pretreat biomass prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. The primary aim of the present study was to determine the role of lignin produced in the autohydrolysis process on the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. The HSQC and 31P NMR analyses confirmed that β-O-4 of lignin was reduced, while β-5, β-β, and S/G-ratio of lignin were increased with intensifying the hydrolysis intensity.The increase in the hydrolysis intensity significantly enhanced the condensed and non-condensed phenolic OH group of lignin. Interestingly, the cellulase enzyme adsorbed more on lignin that had more phenolic content, and its association with lignin reduced its activity for hydrolyzing cellulose microcrystals. Strong negative correlations were observed between the enzymatic hydrolysis yield and the condensed S-OH (r2 = 0.978) and G-OH (r2 = 0.961) of lignin generated in the autohydrolysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Jia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Haiqiang Shi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Xueru Sheng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Biorefining Research Institute and Chemical Engineering Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay P7B5E1 ON, Canada
| | - Meihong Niu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Ovejero-Pérez A, Rigual V, Domínguez JC, Alonso MV, Oliet M, Rodriguez F. Organosolv and ionosolv processes for autohydrolyzed poplar fractionation: Lignin recovery and characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 197:131-140. [PMID: 34971638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomass fractionation plays a major role in the search for competitive biorefineries, where the isolation and recovery of the three woody fractions is key. In this sense, we have used autohydrolyzed hemicellulose-free poplar as feedstock to compare two fractionation processes, organosolv and ionosolv, oriented to lignin recovery. The recovered lignins were then characterize by different techniques (NMR, GPC, TGA). Both treatments were tested at different temperatures to analyze temperature influence on lignin recovery and properties. The highest lignin recovery was obtained with the ionosolv process at 135 °C, reaching a solid yield of ~70%. Lignin characterization showed differences between both treatments. Lignins enriched in C-O linkages and G units were recovered with the organosolv process, where increasing temperature led to highly depolymerized lignins. However, lignins with higher C-C linkages and S units contents were obtained with the ionosolv process, producing more thermically stable lignins. In addition, increasing temperature caused lignin repolymerization when employing ionic liquids as solvents. Therefore, this work outlines the most important differences between ionosolv and organosolv processes for biomass fractionation, focusing on lignin recovery and its properties, which is the first step in order to valorize all biomass fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ovejero-Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Victoria Rigual
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Domínguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Virginia Alonso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Oliet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Complutense University of Madrid, Av Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Gonçalves BMM, Camillo MDO, Oliveira MP, Carreira LG, Moulin JC, Fantuzzi Neto H, de Oliveira BF, Pereira AC, Monteiro SN. Surface Treatments of Coffee Husk Fiber Waste for Effective Incorporation into Polymer Biocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193428. [PMID: 34641246 PMCID: PMC8512342 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural lignocellulose fibers have been extensively investigated and applied as a reinforcement of polymer composites in industrial applications from food packing to automotive parts. Among the advantages of natural fibers stands their relatively low cost and sustainable characteristics. These are accentuated in the case of residual fibers such as those obtained from coffee husks, an agribusiness waste, usually burnt or disposed into the environment. As composite reinforcement, hydrophilic natural fibers display adhesion problems to the most hydrophobic polymer matrices. This adhesion might be improved with distinct types of fibers surface treatments. In the present work, the effectiveness of three surface treatments applied to coffee husk fiber wastes (CHFW) were investigated, aiming to improve the tensile performance of castor oil-based polyurethane (COPU) biocomposites. The effects of treatments associated with (i) chemical with sodium hydroxide, (ii) physical by temperature and pressure and hydrothermic treatment, and (iii) biological by fermentation with Phanerochaete Chrysosporium fungus were evaluated by means of Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analyses and morphology by scanning electron microscopy for different concentration of NaOH, different hydrothermic times at 121 °C/98 kPa and exposition to P. chrysosporium. The most effective treatment was the hydrothermal one at 121 °C and 98.06 kPa for 30 min. Preliminary tensile tests were performed in COPU biocomposites reinforced with 20% CHFWs subjected to the optimized conditions for each distinct type of treatment. The results indicated that the hydrothermal treatment promoted significant enhancement in the fiber/matrix interfacial bond, increasing the tensile strength up to 60% compared to COPU reinforced with in natura CHFWs fibers. It is important to mention that these composites can be applied as plastic wood for household items’ internal parts and in the automobile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Maria Mateus Gonçalves
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Mayara de Oliveira Camillo
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Michel Picanço Oliveira
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Lilian Gasparelli Carreira
- Rural Engineering Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, sn., Alegre 29500-000, Brazil;
| | - Jordão Cabral Moulin
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Humberto Fantuzzi Neto
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Bárbara Ferreira de Oliveira
- Advanced Materials Department, Darcy Ribeiro Northern Fluminense State University, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil;
| | - Artur Camposo Pereira
- Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Materials Science Program, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
| | - Sergio Neves Monteiro
- Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Materials Science Program, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
- Correspondence: or
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Lizundia E, Sipponen MH, Greca LG, Balakshin M, Tardy BL, Rojas OJ, Puglia D. Multifunctional lignin-based nanocomposites and nanohybrids. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:6698-6760. [PMID: 34671223 PMCID: PMC8452181 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant progress in lignins valorization and development of high-performance sustainable materials have been achieved in recent years. Reports related to lignin utilization indicate excellent prospects considering green chemistry, chemical engineering, energy, materials and polymer science, physical chemistry, biochemistry, among others. To fully realize such potential, one of the most promising routes involves lignin uses in nanocomposites and nanohybrid assemblies, where synergistic interactions are highly beneficial. This review first discusses the interfacial assembly of lignins with polysaccharides, proteins and other biopolymers, for instance, in the synthesis of nanocomposites. To give a wide perspective, we consider the subject of hybridization with metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, as well as uses as precursor of carbon materials and the assembly with other biobased nanoparticles, for instance to form nanohybrids. We provide cues to understand the fundamental aspects related to lignins, their self-assembly and supramolecular organization, all of which are critical in nanocomposites and nanohybrids. We highlight the possibilities of lignin in the fields of flame retardancy, food packaging, plant protection, electroactive materials, energy storage and health sciences. The most recent outcomes are evaluated given the importance of lignin extraction, within established and emerging biorefineries. We consider the benefit of lignin compared to synthetic counterparts. Bridging the gap between fundamental and application-driven research, this account offers critical insights as far as the potential of lignin as one of the frontrunners in the uptake of bioeconomy concepts and its application in value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlantz Lizundia
- Life Cycle Thinking group, Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Bilbao 48013 Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures UPV/EHU Science Park 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Mika H Sipponen
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Svante Arrhenius väg 16C SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Luiz G Greca
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Mikhail Balakshin
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Blaise L Tardy
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 FI-00076 Aalto Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia 2360 East Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Debora Puglia
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Perugia Strada di Pentima 4 05100 Terni Italy
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Leroy A, Falourd X, Foucat L, Méchin V, Guillon F, Paës G. Evaluating polymer interplay after hot water pretreatment to investigate maize stem internode recalcitrance. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:164. [PMID: 34332625 PMCID: PMC8325808 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomass recalcitrance is governed by various molecular and structural factors but the interplay between these multiscale factors remains unclear. In this study, hot water pretreatment (HWP) was applied to maize stem internodes to highlight the impact of the ultrastructure of the polymers and their interactions on the accessibility and recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass. The impact of HWP was analysed at different scales, from the polymer ultrastructure or water mobility to the cell wall organisation by combining complementary compositional, spectral and NMR analyses. RESULTS HWP increased the kinetics and yield of saccharification. Chemical characterisation showed that HWP altered cell wall composition with a loss of hemicelluloses (up to 45% in the 40-min HWP) and of ferulic acid cross-linking associated with lignin enrichment. The lignin structure was also altered (up to 35% reduction in β-O-4 bonds), associated with slight depolymerisation/repolymerisation depending on the length of treatment. The increase in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and specific surface area (SSA) showed that the cellulose environment was looser after pretreatment. These changes were linked to the increased accessibility of more constrained water to the cellulose in the 5-15 nm pore size range. CONCLUSION The loss of hemicelluloses and changes in polymer structural features caused by HWP led to reorganisation of the lignocellulose matrix. These modifications increased the SSA and redistributed the water thereby increasing the accessibility of cellulases and enhancing hydrolysis. Interestingly, lignin content did not have a negative impact on enzymatic hydrolysis but a higher lignin condensed state appeared to promote saccharification. The environment and organisation of lignin is thus more important than its concentration in explaining cellulose accessibility. Elucidating the interactions between polymers is the key to understanding LB recalcitrance and to identifying the best severity conditions to optimise HWP in sustainable biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Leroy
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Xavier Falourd
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Loïc Foucat
- INRAE, UR 1268 BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Valérie Méchin
- INRAE, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, 78026, Versailles, France
| | | | - Gabriel Paës
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, 51100, Reims, France.
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Liu ZH, Hao N, Wang YY, Dou C, Lin F, Shen R, Bura R, Hodge DB, Dale BE, Ragauskas AJ, Yang B, Yuan JS. Transforming biorefinery designs with 'Plug-In Processes of Lignin' to enable economic waste valorization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3912. [PMID: 34162838 PMCID: PMC8222318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological lignin valorization has emerged as a major solution for sustainable and cost-effective biorefineries. However, current biorefineries yield lignin with inadequate fractionation for bioconversion, yet substantial changes of these biorefinery designs to focus on lignin could jeopardize carbohydrate efficiency and increase capital costs. We resolve the dilemma by designing 'plug-in processes of lignin' with the integration of leading pretreatment technologies. Substantial improvement of lignin bioconversion and synergistic enhancement of carbohydrate processing are achieved by solubilizing lignin via lowering molecular weight and increasing hydrophilic groups, addressing the dilemma of lignin- or carbohydrate-first scenarios. The plug-in processes of lignin could enable minimum polyhydroxyalkanoate selling price at as low as $6.18/kg. The results highlight the potential to achieve commercial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a co-product of cellulosic ethanol. Here, we show that the plug-in processes of lignin could transform biorefinery design toward sustainability by promoting carbon efficiency and optimizing the total capital cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Naijia Hao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Yun-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Chang Dou
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Furong Lin
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rongchun Shen
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Renata Bura
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David B Hodge
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Bruce E Dale
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center for Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Joshua S Yuan
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Hartati I, Sulistyo H, Sediawan WB, Azis MM, Fahrurrozi M. Microwave-Assisted Urea-Based-Hydrotropic Pretreatment of Rice Straw: Experimental Data and Mechanistic Kinetic Models. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:13225-13239. [PMID: 34056472 PMCID: PMC8158827 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The three major lignocellulose components can be transformed into various biomass-derived platform fuels, chemicals, and materials upon pretreatment and chemical upgrading. Lignocellulose pretreatment is an important step to obtain an eco-friendly, economical, and effective biomass utilization process. The combination of microwave heating and hydrotropic pretreatment is considered as a green method of lignocellulose pretreatment. Experimental data and two mechanistic kinetic models of microwave-assisted pretreatment of rice straw are presented. Here, the use of urea solution as the hydrotropic agent was examined to facilitate the degradation of three major lignocellulose components. The first kinetic model assumes that the soluble lignin does not undergo condensation, while the second one assumes that part of the soluble lignin condenses to a solid product. The mechanistic models were validated with a series of experimental data obtained from microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment of rice straw. The results show that both models could generally describe the experimental data well. However, based on the evaluation of the results of the kinetic models, it turned out that the rate of lignin condensation was relatively slow compared to the rate of lignin degradation to soluble lignin (the value of k c is relatively small compared to the value of k l1). Hence, the kinetic model with exclusion of lignin condensation is suggested more since it is mathematically simpler. The proposed mechanistic model can also predict the cellulose and hemicellulose dissolution and thereby can be used as a process optimization tool. The microwave-assisted urea-based hydrotropic pretreatment conducted at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:35, a urea concentration of 36.8%, a reaction temperature of 90 °C, and a pretreatment duration of 73.6 min is predicted to give a solid residue with low lignin content and high cellulose content which resulted in a cellulose to lignin ratio of 5.53. Cellulosic biomass characterization revealed that microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment was able to produce higher crystallinity and thermally stable cellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indah Hartati
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Engineering, Universitas Wahid Hasyim, Semarang 50236, Indonesia
| | - Hary Sulistyo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Wahyudi Budi Sediawan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Mufti Azis
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Fahrurrozi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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13
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Troncoso-Ortega E, Castillo RDP, Reyes-Contreras P, Castaño-Rivera P, Teixeira Mendonça R, Schiappacasse N, Parra C. Effects on Lignin Redistribution in Eucalyptus globulus Fibres Pre-Treated by Steam Explosion: A Microscale Study to Cellulose Accessibility. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040507. [PMID: 33805256 PMCID: PMC8066282 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate structural changes and lignin redistribution in Eucalyptus globulus pre-treated by steam explosion under different degrees of severity (S0), in order to evaluate their effect on cellulose accessibility by enzymatic hydrolysis. Approximately 87.7% to 98.5% of original glucans were retained in the pre-treated material. Glucose yields after the enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated material improved from 19.4% to 85.1% when S0 was increased from 8.53 to 10.42. One of the main reasons for the increase in glucose yield was the redistribution of lignin as micro-particles were deposited on the surface and interior of the fibre cell wall. This information was confirmed by laser scanning confocal fluorescence and FT-IR imaging; these microscopic techniques show changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of pre-treated fibres. In addition, the results allowed the construction of an explanatory model for microscale understanding of the enzymatic accessibility mechanism in the pre-treated lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Troncoso-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (R.d.P.C.); (R.T.M.); (C.P.)
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Process towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosario del P. Castillo
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (R.d.P.C.); (R.T.M.); (C.P.)
- Facultad de Farmacia, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Pablo Reyes-Contreras
- Centro de Excelencia en Nanotecnología (CEN), Leitat Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | | | - Regis Teixeira Mendonça
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (R.d.P.C.); (R.T.M.); (C.P.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Parra
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (R.d.P.C.); (R.T.M.); (C.P.)
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Process towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 8320000, Chile
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14
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Evaluation of lignin-enriched side-streams from different biomass conversion processes as thickeners in bio-lubricant formulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1398-1413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Acidic depolymerization vs ionic liquid solubilization in lignin extraction from eucalyptus wood using the protic ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium chloride. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:461-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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16
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Martín-Sampedro R, Santos JI, Eugenio ME, Wicklein B, Jiménez-López L, Ibarra D. Chemical and thermal analysis of lignin streams from Robinia pseudoacacia L. generated during organosolv and acid hydrolysis pre-treatments and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:311-322. [PMID: 31408656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lignin streams produced in biorefineries are commonly used to obtain energy. In order to increase the competitiveness of this industry, new lignin valorization routes are necessary, for which a depth characterization of this biological macromolecule is essential. In this context, this study analyzed lignin streams of Robinia pseudoacacia L. generated during organosolv and acid hydrolysis pre-treatments and during the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. These lignins included dissolved lignins from pre-treatment liquors and saccharification lignins from pre-treated materials. Chemical composition and structural features were analyzed by analytical standard methods and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) and 1H-13C two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR); while thermal characterization included thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In general, all studied lignins contained a predominance of β-O-4' aryl ether linkages, followed by resinol (β-β') and phenylcoumaran (β-5'), with a predominance of syringyl over guaiacyl and hydroxyphenyl units. Nevertheless, the dissolved lignins revealed a removal of linkages, especially β-O-4', leading to an enrichment of phenolic groups. Moreover, high thermal stability and good thermoplasticity were characteristics of these lignins. Contrary, the saccharification lignins exhibited a more intact structure, but with an important remaining carbohydrates content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José I Santos
- General Services of Research SGIKER, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Edificio Joxe Mari Korta Avda. Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - María E Eugenio
- INIA-CIFOR, Forestry Products Department, Ctra de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Bernd Wicklein
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-López
- INIA-CIFOR, Forestry Products Department, Ctra de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - David Ibarra
- INIA-CIFOR, Forestry Products Department, Ctra de la Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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17
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Chen YA, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Liu D, Zhao X. Evaluation of the action of Tween 20 non-ionic surfactant during enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose: Pretreatment, hydrolysis conditions and lignin structure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:329-338. [PMID: 30195225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of pretreatment process, hydrolysis condition and structural features of lignin on the improving action of surfactants (Tween 20) for enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw, and further to interpret the relation of these factors with the non-productive adsorption of cellulases on lignin. Tween 20 seemed to be more greatly improve cellulose conversion under harsher conditions. The surfactant showed more significant improvement for acid-pretreated substrates than oxidative-pretreated substrates. Highly-condensed lignin and phenolic hydroxyl groups showed much stronger adsorption ability to cellulases, while Tween 20 could well block the lignin-cellulase interactions recovering cellulose hydrolyzability. It was proposed that pretreatments altered lignin structures, resulting in the change of surface properties thus further impacting the lignin-cellulase interactions. Addition of Tween 20 could modify lignin surface properties to change its hydrophobicity, hydrogen bonding ability and surface charges, thus reducing the non-productive adsorption of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Chen
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dehua Liu
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuebing Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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18
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Kim JE, Lee JW. Enzyme adsorption properties on dilute acid pretreated biomass by low vacuum-scanning electron microscopy and structural analysis of lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 262:107-113. [PMID: 29702419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, enzyme adsorption properties were investigated as a function of the structural change of lignin in dilute acid pretreated biomass using oxalic and sulfuric acid catalysts under the same reaction conditions. Although the contents of glucan and lignin in the dilute acid pretreated biomass were similar regardless of the catalysts used, the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and degree of enzyme adsorption differed considerably. The highest efficiencies were 87.79% and 96.49% for the oxalic acid and sulfuric acid catalysts, respectively. The reasons for this observation were investigated by low vacuum-scanning electron microscopy and the structural analysis of lignin. In the oxalic acid pretreated biomass, the enzyme was irreversibly adsorbed onto the lignin. The oxalic acid pretreated biomass possessed a higher content of G-type lignin than did the sulfuric acid pretreated biomass. This type of lignin has a high affinity for the enzyme, inducing irreversible enzyme adsorption onto the biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Eun Kim
- Department of Forest Products and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Forest Products and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Alternatives for Chemical and Biochemical Lignin Valorization: Hot Topics from a Bibliometric Analysis of the Research Published During the 2000–2016 Period. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6080098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A complete bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database was performed to identify the research trends related to lignin valorization from 2000 to 2016. The results from this analysis revealed an exponentially increasing number of publications and a high relevance of interdisciplinary collaboration. The simultaneous valorization of the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) has been revealed as a key aspect and optimal pretreatment is required for the subsequent lignin valorization. Research covers the determination of the lignin structure, isolation, and characterization; depolymerization by thermal and thermochemical methods; chemical, biochemical and biological conversion of depolymerized lignin; and lignin applications. Most methods for lignin depolymerization are focused on the selective cleavage of the β-O-4 linkage. Although many depolymerization methods have been developed, depolymerization with sodium hydroxide is the dominant process at industrial scale. Oxidative conversion of lignin is the most used method for the chemical lignin upgrading. Lignin uses can be classified according to its structure into lignin-derived aromatic compounds, lignin-derived carbon materials and lignin-derived polymeric materials. There are many advances in all approaches, but lignin-derived polymeric materials appear as a promising option.
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20
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Yao K, Wu Q, An R, Meng W, Ding M, Li B, Yuan Y. Hydrothermal pretreatment for deconstruction of plant cell wall: Part I. Effect on lignin-carbohydrate complex. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Qinfeng Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Ran An
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Wei Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Mingzhu Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
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21
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A Bibliometric Study of Scientific Publications regarding Hemicellulose Valorization during the 2000–2016 Period: Identification of Alternatives and Hot Topics. CHEMENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering2010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Operational Strategies for Enzymatic Hydrolysis in a Biorefinery. BIOFUEL AND BIOREFINERY TECHNOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67678-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Evaluation of lignins from side-streams generated in an olive tree pruning-based biorefinery: Bioethanol production and alkaline pulping. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:238-251. [PMID: 28690167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In modern lignocellulosic-based biorefineries, carbohydrates can be transformed into biofuels and pulp and paper, whereas lignin is burned to obtain energy. However, a part of lignin could be converted into value-added products including bio-based aromatic chemicals, as well as building blocks for materials. Then, a good knowledge of lignin is necessary to define its valorisation procedure. This study characterized different lignins from side-streams produced from olive tree pruning bioethanol production (lignins collected from steam explosion pretreatment with water or phosphoric acid as catalysts, followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process) and alkaline pulping (lignins recovered from kraft and soda-AQ black liquors). Together with the chemical composition, the structure of lignins was investigated by FTIR, 13C NMR, and 2D NMR. Bioethanol lignins had clearly distinct characteristics compared to pulping lignins; a certain number of side-chain linkages (mostly alkyl-aryl ether and resinol) accompanied with lower phenolic hydroxyls content. Bioethanol lignins also showed a significant amount of carbohydrates, mainly glucose and protein impurities. By contrast, pulping lignins revealed xylose together with a dramatical reduction of side-chains (some resinol linkages survive) and thereby higher phenol content, indicating rather severe lignin degradation during alkaline pulping processes. All lignins showed a predominance of syringyl units.
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24
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Djajadi DT, Hansen AR, Jensen A, Thygesen LG, Pinelo M, Meyer AS, Jørgensen H. Surface properties correlate to the digestibility of hydrothermally pretreated lignocellulosic Poaceae biomass feedstocks. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:49. [PMID: 28250817 PMCID: PMC5322652 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding factors that govern lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance is a prerequisite for designing efficient 2nd generation biorefining processes. However, the reasons and mechanisms responsible for quantitative differences in enzymatic digestibility of various biomass feedstocks in response to hydrothermal pretreatment at different severities are still not sufficiently understood. RESULTS Potentially important lignocellulosic feedstocks for biorefining, corn stover (Zea mays subsp. mays L.), stalks of Miscanthus × giganteus, and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) were systematically hydrothermally pretreated; each at three different severities of 3.65, 3.83, and 3.97, respectively, and the enzymatic digestibility was assessed. Pretreated samples of Miscanthus × giganteus stalks were the least digestible among the biomass feedstocks producing ~24 to 66.6% lower glucose yields than the other feedstocks depending on pretreatment severity and enzyme dosage. Bulk biomass composition analyses, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, and comprehensive microarray polymer profiling were not able to explain the observed differences in recalcitrance among the pretreated feedstocks. However, methods characterizing physical and chemical features of the biomass surfaces, specifically contact angle measurements (wettability) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy (surface biopolymer composition) produced data correlating pretreatment severity and enzymatic digestibility, and they also revealed differences that correlated to enzymatic glucose yield responses among the three different biomass types. CONCLUSION The study revealed that to a large extent, factors related to physico-chemical surface properties, namely surface wettability as assessed by contact angle measurements and surface content of hemicellulose, lignin, and wax as assessed by ATR-FTIR rather than bulk biomass chemical composition correlated to the recalcitrance of the tested biomass types. The data provide new insight into how hydrothermal pretreatment severity affects surface properties of key Poaceae lignocellulosic biomass and may help design new approaches to overcome biomass recalcitrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi T. Djajadi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aleksander R. Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Jensen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth G. Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henning Jørgensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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25
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Gould J, Garcia-Garcia G, Wolf B. Pickering Particles Prepared from Food Waste. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9090791. [PMID: 28773909 PMCID: PMC5457084 DOI: 10.3390/ma9090791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate the functionality and functionalisation of waste particles as an emulsifier for oil-in-water (o/w) and water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. Ground coffee waste was chosen as a candidate waste material due to its naturally high content of lignin, a chemical component imparting emulsifying ability. The waste coffee particles readily stabilised o/w emulsions and following hydrothermal treatment adapted from the bioenergy field they also stabilised w/o emulsions. The hydrothermal treatment relocated the lignin component of the cell walls within the coffee particles onto the particle surface thereby increasing the surface hydrophobicity of the particles as demonstrated by an emulsion assay. Emulsion droplet sizes were comparable to those found in processed foods in the case of hydrophilic waste coffee particles stabilizing o/w emulsions. These emulsions were stable against coalescence for at least 12 weeks, flocculated but stable against coalescence in shear and stable to pasteurisation conditions (10 min at 80 °C). Emulsion droplet size was also insensitive to pH of the aqueous phase during preparation (pH 3–pH 9). Stable against coalescence, the water droplets in w/o emulsions prepared with hydrothermally treated waste coffee particles were considerably larger and microscopic examination showed evidence of arrested coalescence indicative of particle jamming at the surface of the emulsion droplets. Refinement of the hydrothermal treatment and broadening out to other lignin-rich plant or plant based food waste material are promising routes to bring closer the development of commercially relevant lignin based food Pickering particles applicable to emulsion based processed foods ranging from fat continuous spreads and fillings to salad dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Gould
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Garcia
- Centre for SMART, Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Bettina Wolf
- Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.
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26
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Ago M, Huan S, Borghei M, Raula J, Kauppinen EI, Rojas OJ. High-Throughput Synthesis of Lignin Particles (∼30 nm to ∼2 μm) via Aerosol Flow Reactor: Size Fractionation and Utilization in Pickering Emulsions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23302-10. [PMID: 27538013 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
An aerosol flow reactor was used for the first time for high-throughput, high yield synthesis of spherical lignin particles with given inherent hydrophilicity, depending on the precursor biomolecule. In situ fractionation via Berner type impactor afforded populations with characteristic sizes ranging from ∼30 nm to 2 μm. The as-produced, dry lignin particles displayed excellent mechanical integrity, even after redispersion under high shear in either mineral oil or water. They were effective in the stabilization of oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsions with tunable droplet size, depending on the dimension of the lignin particles used for emulsification. The emulsion stability correlated with particle concentration as well as the respective lignin type. For the O/W emulsions stabilized with the more hydrophilic lignin particles, negligible changes in phase separation via Ostwald ripening and coalescence were observed over a period of time of more than two months. Together with the fact that the lignin particle concentrations used in emulsification were as low as 0.1%, our results reveal a remarkable ability to endow emulsified systems with high colloidal stability. Overall, we offer a new, high-yield, scalable nanomanufacturing approach to producing dry spherical lignin particles with size control and high production capacity. A number of emerging applications for these organic particles can be envisioned and, as a proof-of-concept, we illustrate here surfactant-free emulsification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Ago
- Bio-Based Colloids and Materials and Centre of Excellence on "Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research" (HYBER), Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University , FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Siqi Huan
- Bio-Based Colloids and Materials and Centre of Excellence on "Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research" (HYBER), Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University , FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Department of Wood Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Maryam Borghei
- Bio-Based Colloids and Materials and Centre of Excellence on "Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research" (HYBER), Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University , FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Janne Raula
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Bio-Based Colloids and Materials and Centre of Excellence on "Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic Hybrid Materials Research" (HYBER), Department of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University , FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
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27
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Liang Y, Lei B, Zhong HT, Feng YH, Qu JP. A promising screw-extrusion steam explosion pretreatment process: effects on the morphological and structural features of Eucalyptus woodchips. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24639g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SESE pretreatment is a continuous high-efficiency process that dramatically decreases fiber size and breaks structural recalcitrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering
- Ministry of Education
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
| | - Bo Lei
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering
- Ministry of Education
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
| | - Hui-Ting Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering
- Ministry of Education
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
| | - Yan-Hong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering
- Ministry of Education
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
| | - Jin-Ping Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering
- Ministry of Education
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
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28
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Fritz C, Ferrer A, Salas C, Jameel H, Rojas OJ. Interactions between Cellulolytic Enzymes with Native, Autohydrolysis, and Technical Lignins and the Effect of a Polysorbate Amphiphile in Reducing Nonproductive Binding. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3878-88. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Fritz
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, United States
| | - Ana Ferrer
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, United States
| | - Carlos Salas
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, United States
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, United States
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, United States
- Bio-Based
Colloids and Materials, Department of Forest Products Technology and
Centre of Excellence on “Molecular Engineering of Biosynthetic
Hybrid Materials” (HYBER), Aalto University, FIN-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
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