1
|
Santos A, Silva M, Costa E, Rufino R, Santos V, Ramos C, Sarubbo L, Porto A. Production and characterization of a biosurfactant produced by Streptomyces sp. DPUA 1559 isolated from lichens of the Amazon region. Braz J Med Biol Res 2017; 51:e6657. [PMID: 29267499 PMCID: PMC5731328 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are amphipathic compounds containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, capable to lower the surface or interfacial tension. Considering the advantages of the use of biosurfactants produced by microorganisms, the aim of this paper was to develop and characterize a biosurfactant produced by Streptomyces sp. DPUA1559 isolated from lichens of the Amazon region. The microorganism was cultured in a mineral medium containing 1% residual frying soybean oil as the carbon source. The kinetics of biosurfactant production was accompanied by reducing the surface tension of the culture medium from 60 to values around 27.14 mN/m, and by the emulsification index, which showed the efficiency of the biosurfactant as an emulsifier of hydrophobic compounds. The yield of the isolated biosurfactant was 1.74 g/L, in addition to the excellent capability of reducing the surface tension (25.34 mN/m), as observed from the central composite rotational design when the biosurfactant was produced at pH 8.5 at 28°C. The critical micelle concentration of the biosurfactant was determined as 0.01 g/mL. The biosurfactant showed thermal and pH stability regarding the surface tension reduction, and tolerance under high salt concentrations. The isolated biosurfactant showed no toxicity to the micro-crustacean Artemia salina, and to the seeds of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.). The biochemistry characterization of the biosurfactant showed a single protein band, an acid character and a molecular weight around 14.3 kDa, suggesting its glycoproteic nature. The results are promising for the industrial application of this new biosurfactant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A.P.P. Santos
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - M.D.S. Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - E.V.L. Costa
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - R.D. Rufino
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - V.A. Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - C.S. Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - L.A. Sarubbo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - A.L.F. Porto
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Joshi SJ, Al-Wahaibi YM, Al-Bahry SN, Elshafie AE, Al-Bemani AS, Al-Bahri A, Al-Mandhari MS. Production, Characterization, and Application of Bacillus licheniformis W16 Biosurfactant in Enhancing Oil Recovery. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1853. [PMID: 27933041 PMCID: PMC5120096 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosurfactant production by Bacillus licheniformis W16 and evaluation of biosurfactant based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) using core-flood under reservoir conditions were investigated. Previously reported nine different production media were screened for biosurfactant production, and two were further optimized with different carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, starch, cane molasses, or date molasses), as well as the strain was screened for biosurfactant production during the growth in different media. The biosurfactant reduced the surface tension and interfacial tension to 24.33 ± 0.57 mN m-1 and 2.47 ± 0.32 mN m-1 respectively within 72 h, at 40°C, and also altered the wettability of a hydrophobic surface by changing the contact angle from 55.67 ± 1.6 to 19.54°± 0.96°. The critical micelle dilution values of 4X were observed. The biosurfactants were characterized by different analytical techniques and identified as lipopeptide, similar to lichenysin-A. The biosurfactant was stable over wide range of extreme environmental conditions. The core flood experiments showed that the biosurfactant was able to enhance the oil recovery by 24-26% over residual oil saturation (Sor). The results highlight the potential application of lipopeptide biosurfactant in wettability alteration and microbial EOR processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket J. Joshi
- Central Analytical and Applied Research Unit, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | - Yahya M. Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | - Saif N. Al-Bahry
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | | | - Ali S. Al-Bemani
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | - Asma Al-Bahri
- Central Analytical and Applied Research Unit, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat, Oman
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bezza FA, Chirwa EMN. Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil by a Microbial Consortium through Supplementation of Biosurfactant Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2015.1066403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fisseha Andualem Bezza
- Water Utilisation and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
| | - Evans M. Nkhalambayausi Chirwa
- Water Utilisation and Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Biosurfactants: Multifunctional Biomolecules of the 21st Century. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:401. [PMID: 26999123 PMCID: PMC4813256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the era of global industrialisation, the exploration of natural resources has served as a source of experimentation for science and advanced technologies, giving rise to the manufacturing of products with high aggregate value in the world market, such as biosurfactants. Biosurfactants are amphiphilic microbial molecules with hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that partition at liquid/liquid, liquid/gas or liquid/solid interfaces. Such characteristics allow these biomolecules to play a key role in emulsification, foam formation, detergency and dispersal, which are desirable qualities in different industries. Biosurfactant production is considered one of the key technologies for development in the 21st century. Besides exerting a strong positive impact on the main global problems, biosurfactant production has considerable importance to the implantation of sustainable industrial processes, such as the use of renewable resources and "green" products. Biodegradability and low toxicity have led to the intensification of scientific studies on a wide range of industrial applications for biosurfactants in the field of bioremediation as well as the petroleum, food processing, health, chemical, agricultural and cosmetic industries. In this paper, we offer an extensive review regarding knowledge accumulated over the years and advances achieved in the incorporation of biomolecules in different industries.
Collapse
|
5
|
Bezza FA, Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa EM. Desorption kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from contaminated soil and the effect of biosurfactant supplementation on the rapidly desorbing fractions. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1028444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
6
|
Andrade Silva NR, Luna MAC, Santiago ALCMA, Franco LO, Silva GKB, de Souza PM, Okada K, Albuquerque CDC, da Silva CAA, Campos-Takaki GM. Biosurfactant-and-bioemulsifier produced by a promising Cunninghamella echinulata isolated from Caatinga soil in the northeast of Brazil. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15377-95. [PMID: 25257520 PMCID: PMC4200836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A Mucoralean fungus was isolated from Caatinga soil of Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil, and was identified as Cunninghamella echinulata by morphological, physiological, and biochemical tests. This strain was evaluated for biosurfactant/bioemulsifier production using soybean oil waste (SOW) and corn steep liquor (CSL) as substrates, added to basic saline solution, by measuring surface tension and emulsifier index and activity. The best results showed the surface water tension was reduced from 72 to 36 mN/m, and an emulsification index (E₂₄) of 80% was obtained using engine oil and burnt engine oil, respectively. A new molecule of biosurfactant showed an anionic charge and a polymeric chemical composition consisting of lipids (40.0% w/w), carbohydrates (35.2% w/w) and protein (20.3% w/w). In addition, the biosurfactant solution (1%) demonstrated its ability for an oil displacement area (ODA) of 37.36 cm², which is quite similar to that for Triton X-100 (38.46 cm²). The stability of the reduction in the surface water tension as well as of the emulsifier index proved to be stable over a wide range of temperatures, in pH, and in salt concentration (4%-6% w/v). The biosurfactant showed an ability to reduce and increase the viscosity of hydrophobic substrates and their molecules, suggesting that it is a suitable candidate for mediated enhanced oil recovery. At the same time, these studies indicate that renewable, relatively inexpensive and easily available resources can be used for important biotechnological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadielly R Andrade Silva
- Master's Course in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Marcos A C Luna
- Master's Course in Development of Environmental Processes, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - André L C M A Santiago
- Academic Unit of Serra Talhada-UAST, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 56900-000 Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil.
| | - Luciana O Franco
- Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Grayce K B Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia M de Souza
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Kaoru Okada
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa D C Albuquerque
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Carlos A Alves da Silva
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Galba M Campos-Takaki
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, 50050-590 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Optimization of rhamnolipid production under integrated Taguchi design and GRA. The results were analyzed by using grey relational analysis. In doing this, volumetric productivity of the process improved by 142%. Total sugars concentration was the most influencing parameter. This is a biocompatible production via sustainable technology.
The present paper envisages the multi-response optimization of certain process parameters like total sugars concentration, C/N ratio and incubation time on rhamnolipid yield, surface tension reduction, biomass formation and substrate utilization, in rhamnolipid production by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant strain grown on clarified blackstrap molasses, under L9 orthogonal array in Taguchi design. The results have been analyzed by using grey relational analysis for the identification of an optimum level of process parameters. The validity of the results was checked though confirmation experiment, under grey relational analysis. Subsequently, the rhamnolipid yield improved from 1.45 to 1.50 g/L, substrate utilization reduced from 26 to 14% (w/v) and lesser biomass was formed. Moreover, the volumetric productivity of the process improved from 0.0086 to 0.0208 g/L/h by 142%. Furthermore, using analysis of variance method, significant contributions of process parameters were determined.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pacwa-Płociniczak M, Płaza GA, Poliwoda A, Piotrowska-Seget Z. Characterization of hydrocarbon-degrading and biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas sp. P-1 strain as a potential tool for bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:9385-95. [PMID: 24743958 PMCID: PMC4125813 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Pseudomonas sp. P-1 strain, isolated from heavily petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, was investigated for its capability to degrade hydrocarbons and produce a biosurfactant. The strain degraded crude oil, fractions A5 and P3 of crude oil, and hexadecane (27, 39, 27 and 13% of hydrocarbons added to culture medium were degraded, respectively) but had no ability to degrade phenanthrene. Additionally, the presence of gene-encoding enzymes responsible for the degradation of alkanes and naphthalene in the genome of the P-1 strain was reported. Positive results of blood agar and methylene blue agar tests, as well as the presence of gene rhl, involved in the biosynthesis of rhamnolipid, confirmed the ability of P-1 for synthesis of glycolipid biosurfactant. 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectrum and mass spectrum analyses indicated that the extracted biosurfactant was affiliated with rhamnolipid. The results of this study indicate that the P-1 and/or biosurfactant produced by this strain have the potential to be used in bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils.
Collapse
|
9
|
Al-Wahaibi Y, Joshi S, Al-Bahry S, Elshafie A, Al-Bemani A, Shibulal B. Biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis B30 and its application in enhancing oil recovery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 114:324-33. [PMID: 24240116 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The fermentative production of biosurfactants by Bacillus subtilis strain B30 and the evaluation of biosurfactant based enhanced oil recovery using core-flood were investigated. Different carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, starch, date molasses, cane molasses) were tested to determine the optimal biosurfactant production. The isolate B30 produced a biosurfactant that could reduce the surface tension and interfacial tension to 26.63±0.45 mN/m and 3.79±0.27 mN/m, respectively in less than 12h in both glucose or date molasses based media. A crude biosurfactant concentration of 0.3-0.5 g/l and critical micelle dilution (CMD) values of 1:8 were observed. The biosurfactants gave stable emulsions with wide range of hydrocarbons including light and heavy crude oil. The biosurfactants were partially purified and identified as a mixture of lipopeptides similar to surfactin, using high performance thin layer chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biosurfactants were stable over wide range of pH, salinity and temperatures. The crude biosurfactant preparation enhanced light oil recovery by 17-26% and heavy oil recovery by 31% in core-flood studies. The results are indicative of the potential of the strain for the development of ex situ microbial enhanced oil recovery processes using glucose or date molasses based minimal media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Al-Wahaibi
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
| | - Sanket Joshi
- Biology Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | | | | | - Ali Al-Bemani
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saimmai A, Sobhon V, Maneerat S. Molasses as a Whole Medium for Biosurfactants Production by Bacillus Strains and Their Application. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:315-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
11
|
Shavandi M, Mohebali G, Haddadi A, Shakarami H, Nuhi A. Emulsification potential of a newly isolated biosurfactant-producing bacterium, Rhodococcus sp. strain TA6. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 82:477-82. [PMID: 21030223 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An indigenous biosurfactant producing bacterium, Rhodococcus sp. strain TA6 was isolated from Iranian oil contaminated soil using an efficient enrichment and screening method. During growth on sucrose and several hydrocarbon substrates as sole carbon source, the bacterium could produce biosurfactants. As a result of biosurfactant synthesis, the surface tension of the growth medium was reduced from 68mNm(-1) to values below 30mNm(-1). The biosurfactant was capable of forming stable emulsions with various hydrocarbons ranging from pentane to light motor oil. Preliminary chemical characterization revealed that the TA6 biosurfactant consisted of extracellular lipids and glycolipids. The biosurfactant was stable during exposure to high salinity (10% NaCl), elevated temperatures (120°C for 15min) and within a wide pH range (4.0-10.0). The culture broth was effective in recovering up to 70% of the residual oil from oil-saturated sand packs which indicates the potential value of the biosurfactant in enhanced oil recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Shavandi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Biosurfactant's role in bioremediation of NAPL and fermentative production. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 672:222-35. [PMID: 20545286 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5979-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants and biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that partition preferentially at the interface between fluid phases that have different degrees of polarity and hydrogen bonding which confers excellent detergency, emulsifying, foaming and dispersing traits, making them most versatile process chemicals. One of the major applications of (bio)surfactants is in environmental bioremediation field. Most synthetic organic compounds present in contaminated soils are only weakly soluble or completely insoluble in water, so they exist in the subsurface as separate liquid phase, often referred as a non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL), which poses as threat to environment. Several studies have revealed the use of surfactants for remediation; however, several factors limit the use of surfactants in environmental remediation, mainly persistence of surfactants or their metabolites and thus potentially pose an environmental concern. Biosurfactants may provide a more cost-effective approach for subsurface remediation when used alone or in combination with synthetic surfactants. There are several advantages of biosurfactants when compared to chemical surfactants, mainly biodegradability, low toxicity, biocompatibility and ability to be synthesized from renewable feedstock. Despite having many commercially attractive properties and clear advantages compared with their synthetic counterparts, biosurfactants have not yet been employed extensively in industry because of their low yields and relatively high production and recovery costs. However, the use of mutants and recombinant hyperproducing microorganisms along with the use of cheaper raw materials and optimal growth and production conditions and more efficient recovery processes, the production of biosurfactant can be made economically feasible. Therefore, future research aiming for high-level production of biosurfactants must be focused towards the development of appropriate combinations of hyperproducing microbial strains, optimized cheaper production media and optimized process conditions, which will lead to economical commercial level biosurfactant production.
Collapse
|
13
|
Study of the biosurfactant-producing profile in a newly isolatedRhodococcus ruber strain. ANN MICROBIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03179222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
14
|
Media optimization for biosurfactant production by Rhodococcus erythropolis MTCC 2794: artificial intelligence versus a statistical approach. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:747-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Mutalik SR, Vaidya BK, Joshi RM, Desai KM, Nene SN. Use of response surface optimization for the production of biosurfactant from Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:7875-7880. [PMID: 18511269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The production of biosurfactant from Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574 was effectively enhanced by response surface methodology (RSM). Rhodococcus spp. MTCC 2574 was selected through screening of seven different Rhodococcus strains. The preliminary screening experiments (one-factor at a time) suggested that carbon source: mannitol, nitrogen source: yeast extract and meat peptone and inducer: n-hexadecane are the critical medium components. The concentrations of these four media components were optimized by using central composite rotatable design (CCRD) of RSM. The adequately high R2 value (0.947) and F score 19.11 indicated the statistical significance of the model. The optimum medium composition for biosurfactant production was found to contain mannitol (1.6 g/L), yeast extract (6.92 g/L), meat peptone (19.65 g/L), n-hexadecane (63.8 g/L). The crude biosurfactant was obtained from methyl tert-butyl ether extraction. The yield of biosurfactant before and after optimization was 3.2 g/L of and 10.9 g/L, respectively. Thus, RSM has increased the yield of biosurfactant to 3.4-fold. The crude biosurfactant decreased the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 30.8 mN/m (at 120 mg L(-1)) and achieved a critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of 120 mg L(-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snehal R Mutalik
- Biochemical Engineering Department, Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rufino RD, Sarubbo LA, Neto BB, Campos-Takaki GM. Experimental design for the production of tensio-active agent by Candida lipolytica. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:907-14. [PMID: 18563463 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The strategy of optimization using sequential factorial design was employed to enhance the tensio-active emulsifying agent produced by Candida lipolytica using soybean oil refinery residue as substrate. A full factorial design was used to evaluate the impact of three fermentation factors-amounts of refinery residue, glutamic acid and yeast extract. This allowed exclusion of the yeast extract. Full factorials designs were then sequentially used to optimize the levels of the residue and glutamic acid. The surface tension value was finally reduced to 25.29 mN/m. The maximum emulsifier activity using different substrates was within 40 h of cultivation. The surface tension of the cell-free broth containing the biosurfactant remained very stable during exposure to a wide range of pH (2-12), temperatures (0-120 degrees C) and salinity (2-10% NaCl). The combination of an industrial waste and a cheap substrate therefore seems to be very promising for the low-cost production of potent biosurfactant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel D Rufino
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-Pernambuco, CEP 50.670-420, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Joshi S, Bharucha C, Jha S, Yadav S, Nerurkar A, Desai AJ. Biosurfactant production using molasses and whey under thermophilic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:195-9. [PMID: 17321739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2005] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 12/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactant production was studied by Bacillus licheniformis K51, B. subtilis 20B, B. subtilis R1 and Bacillus strain HS3 using molasses or cheese whey as a sole source of nutrition at 45 degrees C. The isolates were able to grow and produce biosurfactant under shaking as well as static conditions. Maximum biosurfactant production was achieved with molasses at 5.0-7.0% (w/v). The biosurfactant retained its surface-active properties after incubation at 80 degrees C at a wide range of pH values and salt concentrations for nine days. Oil displacement experiments in sand pack columns with crude oil showed 25-33% recovery of residual oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Joshi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Raza ZA, Khan MS, Khalid ZM. Physicochemical and surface-active properties of biosurfactant produced using molasses by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2007; 42:73-80. [PMID: 17129951 DOI: 10.1080/10934520601015784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Production of a microbial surfactant was studied by growing Pseudomonas aeruginosa EBN-8 mutant on varying concentrations (on the basis of total sugars) of clarified blackstrap molasses as a sole carbon and energy source with or without auxiliary synthetic nitrogen source in 250 mL shake flasks. The progress of fermentation process was monitored by measuring the production of metabolites, and surface-active and emulsification properties of the cell-free culture broth. The biosurfactant was isolated from the supernatant by acid precipitation followed by solvent extraction. The amount of rhamnolipids produced was determined by the orcinol method. The highest dry cell biomass (1.67 g/L) and rhamnolipid (1.45 g/L) yields were observed, at 96 h of incubation on 2% total sugars-based molasses amended with sodium nitrate (at C:N, 20:1) with the product yield related to dry cell biomass (YP/X, g/g) of 0.869, specific product formation rate (V, h(-1)) of 0.295 and volumetric productivity rate (PV, g/L/h) of 0.015. The surface tension of this culture medium dropped to 28.0 from 50.0 mN/m.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar A Raza
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sarubbo LA, Farias CBB, Campos-Takaki GM. Co-utilization of canola oil and glucose on the production of a surfactant by Candida lipolytica. Curr Microbiol 2006; 54:68-73. [PMID: 17171462 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-006-0412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 10/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Candida lipolytica synthesized a surfactant in a cultivation medium supplemented with canola oil and glucose as carbon sources. Measurements of biosurfactant production and surface tension indicated that the biosurfactant was produced at 48 h of fermentation. The surface-active species is constituted by the protein-lipid-polysaccharide complex in nature. The cell-free broth was particularly influenced by the addition of salt, the pH and temperature depending on the emulsified substrate (hexadecane or a vegetable oil). After comparison between ethyl acetate and mixtures of chloroform and methanol as solvent systems for surfactant recovery, it was found that ethyl acetate was able to extract crude surfactant material with high product recovery (8.0 g/L). The isolated biosurfactant decreased the surface tension to values of 30 mN/m at the critical micelle concentration. Emulsification properties of the biosurfactant produced were compared to those of commercial emulsifiers and other microbial surfactants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie A Sarubbo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Bl D, Boa Vista Cep 50050-900, Recife-Pernambuco, Brasil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rufino RD, Sarubbo LA, Campos-Takaki GM. Enhancement of stability of biosurfactant produced by Candida lipolytica using industrial residue as substrate. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-006-9278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
21
|
Batista SB, Mounteer AH, Amorim FR, Tótola MR. Isolation and characterization of biosurfactant/bioemulsifier-producing bacteria from petroleum contaminated sites. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2006; 97:868-75. [PMID: 15951168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2003] [Revised: 04/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactant-producing bacteria were isolated from terrestrial and marine samples collected in areas contaminated with crude oil or its byproducts. Isolates were screened for biosurfactant/bioemulsifier production in different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose and kerosene) using the qualitative drop-collapse test. Glucose produced the highest number of positive results (17 of 185 isolates). All 17 isolates produced emulsions with kerosene and 12 exhibited high emulsion-stabilizing capacity, maintaining 50% of the original emulsion volume for 48 h. Eight of the 17 isolates reduced the growth medium surface tension below 40 mN m(-1) with 5 exhibiting this capacity in cell-free filtrates. Onset of biosurfactant production differed among the isolates, with some initiating synthesis during the exponential growth phase and others after the stationary phase was reached. Increasing temperature from 25 to 35 degrees C accelerated onset of biosurfactant production in only two isolates while pH (6.5-7.6) had no effect in any isolate tested. Isolation from petroleum contaminated sites using the screening protocol presented proved to be a rapid and effective manner to identify bacterial isolates with potential industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Batista
- Microbiology Department, Viçosa Federal University, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bach H, Gutnick D. Chapter 9 Potential applications of bioemulsifiers in the oil industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(04)80150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
|
23
|
Degradation by white-rot fungi of high concentrations of PCB extracted from a contaminated soil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1093-0191(01)00102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Cassidy DP, Hudak AJ. Microorganism selection and biosurfactant production in a continuously and periodically operated bioslurry reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2001; 84:253-264. [PMID: 11406310 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A continuous-flow reactor (CSTR) and a soil slurry-sequencing batch reactor (SS-SBR) were maintained in 8l vessels for 180 days to treat a soil contaminated with diesel fuel (DF). Concentrations of Candida tropicalis, Brevibacterium casei, Flavobacterium aquatile, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were determined using fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis. DF removal (biological and volatile) and biosurfactant concentrations were measured. The SS-SBR encouraged the growth of biosurfactant-producing species relative to the CSTR. Counts of biosurfactant-producing species (C. tropicalis, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens) relative to total microbial counts were 88% in the SS-SBR and 23% in the CSTR. Biosurfactants were produced in the SS-SBR to levels of nearly 70 times the critical micelle concentration (CMC) early in the cycle, but were completely degraded by the end of each cycle. No biosurfactant production was observed in the CSTR. DF biodegradation rates were over 40% greater and DF stripping was over five times lower in the SS-SBR than the CSTR. However, considerable foaming occurred in the SS-SBR. Reversing the mode of operation in the reactors on day 80 caused a complete reversal in microbial consortia and reactor performance by day 120. These results show that bioslurry reactor operation can be manipulated to control overall reactor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D P Cassidy
- Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Utilization of molasses for biosurfactant production by two Bacillus strains at thermophilic conditions. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-997-0233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Carrillo PG, Mardaraz C, Pitta-Alvarez SI, Giulietti AM. Isolation and selection of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 1996; 12:82-4. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00327807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/03/1995] [Accepted: 11/08/1995] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
28
|
Banat IM. Characterization of biosurfactants and their use in pollution removal - State of the Art. (Review). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/abio.370150302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|