1
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Yin Z, Maczka M, Schnakenburg G, Schulz S, Dickschat JS. Enantioselective synthesis of all stereoisomers of geosmin and of biosynthetically related natural products. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5748-5758. [PMID: 38920404 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00934g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic routes to geosmin and its enantiomer are well established, but the enantioselective synthesis of stereoisomers of geosmin is unknown. Here a stereoselective synthesis of all stereoisomers of geosmin is reported, yielding all compounds in high enantiomeric purity. Furthermore, the stereoselective synthesis of a geosmin derivative isolated from a mangrove associated streptomycete was performed, establishing the absolute configuration of the natural product. Finally, a new side product of the geosmin synthase from Streptomyces ambofaciens was isolated and its structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configuration of this new compound was determined through a stereoselective synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yin
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Michael Maczka
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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2
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Mahajan DM, Kumbhar PS, Jain R. Heterologous production of (-)-geosmin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2024; 386:1-9. [PMID: 38479473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
(-)-Geosmin has high demand in perfumes and cosmetic products for its earthy congenial aroma. The current production of (-)-geosmin is either by distillation of sun-baked soil or by inefficient chemical synthesis because of the presence of multiple chiral centers. Fermentation processes are not viable as the titers of the Streptomyces sp. based processes are low. This work presents an alternative route by the heterologous synthesis of (-)-geosmin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme involved is the bifunctional geosmin synthase that catalyzes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to germacradienol and germacradienol to geosmin. This study evaluated the activity of many orthologs of geosmin synthase when expressed heterologously in S. cerevisiae. When the well-characterized CAB41566 from Streptomyces coelicolor origin was tested, germacradienol and germacrene D were detected but no geosmin. Bioinformatic analysis based on high/low identities to N-terminal and C-terminal domains of CAB41566 was carried out to identify different orthologs of geosmin synthase proteins from different bacterial and fungal origins. ADO68918 of Stigmatella aurantiaca origin showed the best activity among the tested orthologs, not only in terms of geosmin production but also an order of magnitude higher total abundance of the products of geosmin synthase as compared to CAB41566. This study successfully demonstrated the production of (-)-geosmin in S. cerevisiae and offers an alternative, sustainable and environment-friendly approach to producing (-)-geosmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Madhukar Mahajan
- Praj-Matrix - R&D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/ 403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune 412115, India; Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Pramod Shankar Kumbhar
- Praj-Matrix - R&D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/ 403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune 412115, India; Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Rishi Jain
- Praj-Matrix - R&D Centre (Division of Praj Industries Limited), 402/ 403/1098, Urawade, Pirangut, Mulshi, Pune 412115, India; Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
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3
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Liu W, Tian X, Huang X, Malit JJL, Wu C, Guo Z, Tang JW, Qian PY. Discovery of P450-Modified Sesquiterpenoids Levinoids A-D through Global Genome Mining. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:876-883. [PMID: 38377956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450-modified bacterial terpenoids remain in a vast chemical space to be explored. In the present study, we conducted global genome mining of 223,829 bacterial genomes and identified 2892 bacterial terpenoid biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with cytochrome P450 genes. Among these, we selected 562 with multiple P450 enzymes, which were further clustered as 355 gene cluster families by sequence similarity analysis. We then chose lev, a BGC from Streptomyces levis MCCC1A01616, for heterologous expression and discovered four new α-amorphene-type sesquiterpenoids, levinoids A-D (1-4). The structures and absolute configurations of these four new compounds were determined by employing extensive NMR analysis, NMR chemical shift calculations with DP4+, and ECD calculations. Furthermore, levinoid C (3) exhibited a moderate level of neuroprotective activity (EC50 = 21 μM) in the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity cell model. Our findings highlight the untapped chemical diversity of P450-modified bacterial terpenoids, opening new avenues for further exploration and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Liu
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | | | - Chuanhai Wu
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, and Bioengineering Program, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Wei Tang
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
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4
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Josselin L, Proctor RH, Lippolis V, Cervellieri S, Hoylaerts J, De Clerck C, Fauconnier ML, Moretti A. Does alteration of fumonisin production in Fusarium verticillioides lead to volatolome variation? Food Chem 2024; 438:138004. [PMID: 37983995 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides, a major fungal pathogen of maize, produces fumonisins, mycotoxins of global food safety concern. Control practices are needed to reduce the negative health and economic impacts of fumonisins. Therefore, we investigated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by fumonisin-producing (wild-type) and nonproducing (mutant) strains of F. verticillioides. VOC emissions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following inoculation of maize kernels, and fumonisin accumulation was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Mutants emitted VOCs, including ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, that the wild type did not emit. In particular, ANOVA analysis showed significant differences between mutants and wild type for 4 VOCs which emission was correlated with absence of fumonisins. Exogenous ethyl 3-methylbutanoate reduced growth and fumonisin production in wild-type F. verticillioides, showing its potential in biocontrol. Together, our findings offer valuable insights into how mycotoxin production can impact VOC emissions from F. verticillioides and reveal a potential biocontrol strategy to reduce fumonisin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Josselin
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Robert H Proctor
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Unit, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St. Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Lippolis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Cervellieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Jeffrey Hoylaerts
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Caroline De Clerck
- AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Xu H, Köllner TG, Chen F, Dickschat JS. Mechanistic characterisation of a sesquiterpene synthase for asterisca-1,6-diene from the liverwort Radula lindenbergiana and implications for pentalenene biosynthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1360-1364. [PMID: 38240688 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob02088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
A sesquiterpene synthase from the liverwort Radula lindenbergiana was characterised and shown to produce the new sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (3R,9R)-asterisca-1,6-diene, besides small amounts of pentalenene. The biosynthesis of asterisca-1,6-diene was studied through isotopic labelling experiments, giving additional insights into the long discussed biosynthesis of pentalenene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houchao Xu
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Tobias G Köllner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561, USA
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Dickschat JS, Quan Z, Schnakenburg G. A Case of Convergent Evolution: The Bacterial Sesquiterpene Synthase for 1-epi-Cubenol from Nonomuraea coxensis. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300581. [PMID: 37748088 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A terpene synthase from Nonomuraea coxensis was identified as (+)-1-epi-cubenol synthase. The enzyme is phylogenetically unrelated to the known enzyme of the same function that is widespread in streptomycetes. Isotopic labelling experiments were performed to unambiguously assign the NMR data and to investigate hydrogen migrations during terpene cyclisations. Epoxidations of (+)-1-epi-cubenol and of the plant derived compounds (-)-cubenol and (-)-1-epi-cubenol confirmed the structure of a natural product isolated from the brown alga Dictyopteris divaricata and allowed to conclude on its absolute configuration. The crystal structures of the epoxides from (+)- and (-)-1-epi-cubenol and the acid catalysed conversion into an isomeric ketone are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Zhiyang Quan
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Gu B, Liang LF, Dickschat JS. Functions of enzyme domains in 2-methylisoborneol biosynthesis and enzymatic synthesis of non-natural analogs. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1452-1459. [PMID: 37767334 PMCID: PMC10520479 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Two aspects of the biosynthesis of the non-canonical terpene synthase for 2-methylisoborneol have been studied. Several 2-methylisoborneol synthases have a proline-rich N-terminal domain of unknown function. The results presented here demonstrate that this domain leads to a reduced enzyme activity, in addition to its ability to increase long-term solubility of the protein. Furthermore, the substrate scope of the 2-methylisoborneol synthase was investigated through enzyme incubations with several substrate analogs, giving access to two C12 monoterpenoids. Implications on the stereochemical course of the terpene cyclisation by 2-methylisoborneol synthase are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gu
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lin-Fu Liang
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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8
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Wax N, Walke JB, Haak DC, Belden LK. Comparative genomics of bacteria from amphibian skin associated with inhibition of an amphibian fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15714. [PMID: 37637170 PMCID: PMC10452622 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chytridiomycosis, caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a skin disease associated with worldwide amphibian declines. Symbiotic microbes living on amphibian skin interact with Bd and may alter infection outcomes. We completed whole genome sequencing of 40 bacterial isolates cultured from the skin of four amphibian species in the Eastern US. Each isolate was tested in vitro for the ability to inhibit Bd growth. The aim of this study was to identify genomic differences among the isolates and generate hypotheses about the genomic underpinnings of Bd growth inhibition. We identified sixty-five gene families that were present in all 40 isolates. Screening for common biosynthetic gene clusters revealed that this set of isolates contained a wide variety of clusters; the two most abundant clusters with potential antifungal activity were siderophores (N=17 isolates) and Type III polyketide synthases (N=22 isolates). We then examined various subsets of the 22 isolates in the phylum Proteobacteria for genes encoding specific compounds that may inhibit fungal growth, including chitinase and violacein. We identified differences in Agrobacterium and Sphingomonas isolates in the chitinase genes that showed some association with anti-Bd activity, as well as variation in the violacein genes in the Janthinobacterium isolates. Using a comparative genomics approach, we generated several testable hypotheses about differences among bacterial isolates from amphibian skin communities that could contribute to variation in the ability to inhibit Bd growth. Further work is necessary to explore and uncover the various mechanisms utilized by amphibian skin bacterial isolates to inhibit Bd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Wax
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Jenifer B. Walke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA, United States of America
| | - David C. Haak
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Lisa K. Belden
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
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Tarasova EV, Luchnikova NA, Grishko VV, Ivshina IB. Actinomycetes as Producers of Biologically Active Terpenoids: Current Trends and Patents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:872. [PMID: 37375819 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes and their derivatives (terpenoids and meroterpenoids, in particular) constitute the largest class of natural compounds, which have valuable biological activities and are promising therapeutic agents. The present review assesses the biosynthetic capabilities of actinomycetes to produce various terpene derivatives; reports the main methodological approaches to searching for new terpenes and their derivatives; identifies the most active terpene producers among actinomycetes; and describes the chemical diversity and biological properties of the obtained compounds. Among terpene derivatives isolated from actinomycetes, compounds with pronounced antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other effects were determined. Actinomycete-produced terpenoids and meroterpenoids with high antimicrobial activity are of interest as a source of novel antibiotics effective against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Most of the discovered terpene derivatives are produced by the genus Streptomyces; however, recent publications have reported terpene biosynthesis by members of the genera Actinomadura, Allokutzneria, Amycolatopsis, Kitasatosporia, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Salinispora, Verrucosispora, etc. It should be noted that the use of genetically modified actinomycetes is an effective tool for studying and regulating terpenes, as well as increasing productivity of terpene biosynthesis in comparison with native producers. The review includes research articles on terpene biosynthesis by Actinomycetes between 2000 and 2022, and a patent analysis in this area shows current trends and actual research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V Tarasova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Natalia A Luchnikova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Victoria V Grishko
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Irina B Ivshina
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
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Impact of Volatile Organic Compounds on the Growth of Aspergillus flavus and Related Aflatoxin B1 Production: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415557. [PMID: 36555197 PMCID: PMC9779742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are secondary metabolites of varied chemical nature that are emitted by living beings and participate in their interactions. In addition, some VOCs called bioactive VOCs cause changes in the metabolism of other living species that share the same environment. In recent years, knowledge on VOCs emitted by Aspergillus flavus, the main species producing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a highly harmful mycotoxin, has increased. This review presents an overview of all VOCs identified as a result of A. flavus toxigenic (AFB1-producing) and non-toxigenic (non AFB1-producing) strains growth on different substrates, and the factors influencing their emissions. We also included all bioactive VOCs, mixes of VOCs or volatolomes of microbial species that impact A. flavus growth and/or related AFB1 production. The modes of action of VOCs impacting the fungus development are presented. Finally, the potential applications of VOCs as biocontrol agents in the context of mycotoxin control are discussed.
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Kato R, Saito H, Ikeuchi K, Suzuki T, Tanino K. Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of the 6,11-Epoxyisodaucane Natural Sesquiterpene Using an Anionic 8π Electrocyclic Reaction. Org Lett 2022; 24:7939-7943. [PMID: 36268969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic strategy that forms a seven-membered carbocycle using an anionic 8π electrocyclic reaction facilitated the first total synthesis of the 6,11-epoxyisodaucane natural sesquiterpene in 9.0% yield over 10 steps in the longest linear sequence. The misassigned proposed stereochemistry was corrected by the synthesis of both the proposed structure and its C6 epimer. In addition, the 5-7-fused ring system was concisely constructed by tandem decyanation/five-membered-ring formation from an epoxynitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranmaru Kato
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kazutada Ikeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanino
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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12
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Liu J, Clarke JA, McCann S, Hillier NK, Tahlan K. Analysis of Streptomyces Volatilomes Using Global Molecular Networking Reveals the Presence of Metabolites with Diverse Biological Activities. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0055222. [PMID: 35900081 PMCID: PMC9431705 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00552-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces species produce a wide variety of specialized metabolites, some of which are used for communication or competition for resources in their natural environments. In addition, many natural products used in medicine and industry are derived from Streptomyces, and there has been interest in their capacity to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for different industrial and agricultural applications. Recently, a machine-learning workflow called MSHub/GNPS was developed, which enables auto-deconvolution of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data, molecular networking, and library search capabilities, but it has not been applied to Streptomyces volatilomes. In this study, 131 Streptomyces isolates from the island of Newfoundland were phylogenetically typed, and 37 were selected based on their phylogeny and growth characteristics for VOC analysis using both a user-guided (conventional) and an MSHub/GNPS-based approach. More VOCs were annotated by MSHub/GNPS than by the conventional method. The number of unknown VOCs detected by the two methods was higher than those annotated, suggesting that many novel compounds remain to be identified. The molecular network generated by GNPS can be used to guide the annotation of such unknown VOCs in future studies. However, the number of overlapping VOCs annotated by the two methods is relatively small, suggesting that a combination of analysis methods might be required for robust volatilome analysis. More than half of the VOCs annotated with high confidence by the two approaches are plant-associated, many with reported bioactivities such as insect behavior modulation. Details regarding the properties and reported functions of such VOCs are described. IMPORTANCE This study represents the first detailed analysis of Streptomyces volatilomes using MSHub/GNPS, which in combination with a routinely used conventional method led to many annotations. More VOCs could be annotated using MSHub/GNPS as compared to the conventional method, many of which have known antimicrobial, anticancer, and insect behavior-modulating activities. The identification of numerous plant-associated VOCs by both approaches in the current study suggests that their production could be a more widespread phenomenon by members of the genus, highlighting opportunities for their large-scale production using Streptomyces. Plant-associated VOCs with antimicrobial activities, such as 1-octen-3-ol, octanol, and phenylethyl alcohol, have potential applications as fumigants. Furthermore, many of the annotated VOCs are reported to influence insect behavior, alluding to a possible explanation for their production based on the functions of other recently described Streptomyces VOCs in dispersal and nutrient acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liu
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Jody-Ann Clarke
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Sean McCann
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - N. Kirk Hillier
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kapil Tahlan
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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13
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Gu B, Hou A, Dickschat JS. The stereochemical course of 2-methylisoborneol biosynthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:818-824. [PMID: 35875708 PMCID: PMC9273983 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Both enantiomers of 2-methyllinalyl diphosphate (2-Me-LPP) were synthesized enantioselectively using Sharpless epoxidation as a key step and purification of enantiomerically enriched intermediates through HPLC separation on a chiral stationary phase. Their enzymatic conversion with 2-methylisoborneol synthase (2MIBS) demonstrates that (R)-2-Me-LPP is the on-pathway intermediate, while a minor formation of 2-methylisoborneol from (S)-2-Me-LPP may be explained by isomerization to 2-Me-GPP and then to (R)-2-Me-LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gu
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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14
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Wang T, Yang Y, He M, Liu M, Huang JW, Min J, Chen CC, Liu Y, Zhang L, Guo RT. Structural insights into the cyclization of unusual brasilane-type sesquiterpenes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1784-1791. [PMID: 35504416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of brasilane-type sesquiterpenoids (BTSs) attracts much attention owing to their unique skeleton of 5/6 bicyclic structure that contains five Me groups. Here, the crystal structures of a BTS cyclase TaTC6 from Trichoderma atroviride FKI-3849 and its complexes with farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and analogue were reported. These structural information reveal that TaTC6 exploits a hydrophobic pocket to constrain the hydrocarbon region of FPP in a "U-shape" to facilitate the initial C1-C11 bond formation after pyrophosphate ionization. Following, four carbocations of reaction intermediates were molecularly docked into the hydrophobic pocket to reveal critical residues involved in the cyclization cascade. Finally, an S239-stabilized water molecule that is 3.9 Å away from the C8 of the last allyl cation may conduct hydration to quench the reaction cascade. Mutating S239 to alanine led to ca. 40% reduction in activity compared with the wild-type enzyme. The conservation of the residues that constitute the hydrophobic pocket is also discussed. Overall, this study will give an insight into the mechanism of how the active site of STCs constrain the conformation of the flexible FPP and series allylic carbocations for the complicated-ring formation and unusual carbon rearrangement in the biosynthesis of BTSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Jian Min
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yingle Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Lilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China..
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China..
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15
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Gu B, Dickschat JS. A non-natural biosynthesis pathway toward 2-methylisoborneol. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4316-4319. [PMID: 35262160 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00636g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of 2-methylisoborneol was reconstituted by elongation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) with (S)- and (R)-2-methylisopentenyl diphosphate (2-Me-IPP) using farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), followed by terpene cyclisation. The stereochemical course of the FPPS reaction was studied in detail using stereoselectively deuterated 2-Me-IPP isotopomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Gu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.,Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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16
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Abstract
Known as the smell of earth after rain, geosmin is an odorous terpene detectable by humans at picomolar concentrations. Geosmin production is heavily conserved in actinobacteria, myxobacteria, cyanobacteria, and some fungi, but its biological activity is poorly understood. We theorized that geosmin was an aposematic signal used to indicate the unpalatability of toxin-producing microbes, discouraging predation by eukaryotes. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that geosmin altered the behavior of the bacteriophagous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans on agar plates in the absence of bacteria. Normal movement was restored in mutant worms lacking differentiated ASE (amphid neurons, single ciliated endings) neurons, suggesting that geosmin is a taste detected by the nematodal gustatory system. In a predation assay, geosmin and the related terpene 2-methylisoborneol reduced grazing on the bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor. Predation was restored by the removal of both terpene biosynthetic pathways or the introduction of C. elegans that lacked differentiated ASE taste neurons, leading to the apparent death of both bacteria and worms. While geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol appeared to be nontoxic, grazing triggered bacterial sporulation and the production of actinorhodin, a pigment coproduced with a number of toxic metabolites. In this system, geosmin thus appears to act as a warning signal indicating the unpalatability of its producers and reducing predation in a manner that benefits predator and prey. This suggests that molecular signaling may affect microbial predator-prey interactions in a manner similar to that of the well-studied visual markers of poisonous animal prey. IMPORTANCE One of the key chemicals that give soil its earthy aroma, geosmin is a frequent water contaminant produced by a range of unrelated microbes. Many animals, including humans, are able to detect geosmin at minute concentrations, but the benefit that this compound provides to its producing organisms is poorly understood. We found that geosmin repelled the bacterial predator Caenorhabditis elegans in the absence of bacteria and reduced contact between the worms and the geosmin-producing bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor in a predation assay. While geosmin itself appears to be nontoxic to C. elegans, these bacteria make a wide range of toxic metabolites, and grazing on them harmed the worms. In this system, geosmin thus appears to indicate unpalatable bacteria, reducing predation and benefiting both predator and prey. Aposematic signals are well known in animals, and this work suggests that metabolites may play a similar role in the microbial world.
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17
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Structures, Occurrences and Biosynthesis of 11,12,13-Tri-nor-Sesquiterpenes, an Intriguing Class of Bioactive Metabolites. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060769. [PMID: 35336651 PMCID: PMC8949605 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The compounds 11,12,13-tri-nor-sesquiterpenes are degraded sesquiterpenoids which have lost the C3 unit of isopropyl or isopropenyl at C-7 of the sesquiterpene skeleton. The irregular C-backbone originates from the oxidative removal of a C3 side chain from the C15 sesquiterpene, which arises from farnesyl diphosphate (FDP). The C12-framework is generated, generally, in all families of sesquiterpenes by oxidative cleavage of the C3 substituent, with the simultaneous introduction of a double bond. This article reviews the isolation, biosynthesis and biological activity of this special class of sesquiterpenes, the 11,12,13-tri-nor-sesquiterpenes.
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18
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Prevalence of Actinobacteria in the production of 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin, over Cyanobacteria in a temperate eutrophic reservoir. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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19
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Avalos M, Garbeva P, Vader L, van Wezel GP, Dickschat JS, Ulanova D. Biosynthesis, evolution and ecology of microbial terpenoids. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:249-272. [PMID: 34612321 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: through June 2021Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products recognised to date. While mostly known to humans as bioactive plant metabolites and part of essential oils, structurally diverse terpenoids are increasingly reported to be produced by microorganisms. For many of the compounds biological functions are yet unknown, but during the past years significant insights have been obtained for the role of terpenoids in microbial chemical ecology. Their functions include stress alleviation, maintenance of cell membrane integrity, photoprotection, attraction or repulsion of organisms, host growth promotion and defense. In this review we discuss the current knowledge of the biosynthesis and evolution of microbial terpenoids, and their ecological and biological roles in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Perspectives on their biotechnological applications, knowledge gaps and questions for future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Avalos
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Vader
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Gilles P van Wezel
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dana Ulanova
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, 200 Otsu, Monobe, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
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20
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Josselin L, De Clerck C, De Boevre M, Moretti A, Jijakli MH, Soyeurt H, Fauconnier ML. Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Aspergillus flavus Strains Producing or Not Aflatoxin B1. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:705. [PMID: 34678998 PMCID: PMC8539470 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is a phytopathogenic fungus able to produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a carcinogenic mycotoxin that can contaminate several crops and food commodities. In A. flavus, two different kinds of strains can co-exist: toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains. Microbial-derived volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) emitted by toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of A. flavus were analyzed by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in a time-lapse experiment after inoculation. Among the 84 mVOCs emitted, 44 were previously listed in the scientific literature as specific to A. flavus, namely alcohols (2-methylbutan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol), aldehydes (2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal), hydrocarbons (toluene, styrene), furans (2,5-dimethylfuran), esters (ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate), and terpenes (epizonaren, trans-caryophyllene, valencene, α-copaene, β-himachalene, γ-cadinene, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene). For the first time, other identified volatile compounds such as α-cadinol, cis-muurola-3,5-diene, α-isocomene, and β-selinene were identified as new mVOCs specific to the toxigenic A. flavus strain. Partial Least Square Analysis (PLSDA) showed a distinct pattern between mVOCs emitted by toxigenic and non-toxigenic A. flavus strains, mostly linked to the diversity of terpenes emitted by the toxigenic strains. In addition, the comparison between mVOCs of the toxigenic strain and its non-AFB1-producing mutant, coupled with a semi-quantification of the mVOCs, revealed a relationship between emitted terpenes (β-chamigrene, α-corocalene) and AFB1 production. This study provides evidence for the first time of mVOCs being linked to the toxigenic character of A. flavus strains, as well as terpenes being able to be correlated to the production of AFB1 due to the study of the mutant. This study could lead to the development of new techniques for the early detection and identification of toxigenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Josselin
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Caroline De Clerck
- AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Gent, Belgium;
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - M. Haïssam Jijakli
- Integrated and Urban Plant Pathology Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Hélène Soyeurt
- Statistic, Informatic and Applied Modelling, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium;
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21
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Zhu C, Xu B, Adpressa DA, Rudolf JD, Loesgen S. Discovery and Biosynthesis of a Structurally Dynamic Antibacterial Diterpenoid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14163-14170. [PMID: 33780586 PMCID: PMC9247737 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A new bicyclic diterpenoid, benditerpenoic acid, was isolated from soil-dwelling Streptomyces sp. (CL12-4). We sequenced the bacterial genome, identified the responsible biosynthetic gene cluster, verified the function of the terpene synthase, and heterologously produced the core diterpene. Comparative bioinformatics indicated this Streptomyces strain is phylogenetically unique and possesses nine terpene synthases. The absolute configurations of the new trans-fused bicyclo[8.4.0]tetradecanes were achieved by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including Mosher's analysis, J-based coupling analysis, and computations based on sparse NMR-derived experimental restraints. Interestingly, benditerpenoic acid exists in two distinct ring-flipped bicyclic conformations with a rotational barrier of ≈16 kcal mol-1 in solution. The diterpenes exhibit moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin and multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This is a rare example of an eunicellane-type diterpenoid from bacteria and the first identification of a diterpene synthase and biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for the construction of the eunicellane scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida 32080, USA
| | - Baofu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Donovon A. Adpressa
- Department of Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
| | - Sandra Loesgen
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida 32080, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA
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22
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Entdeckung und Biosynthese eines strukturdynamischen antibakteriellen Diterpenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Covering: up to mid-2020 Terpenoids, also called isoprenoids, are the largest and most structurally diverse family of natural products. Found in all domains of life, there are over 80 000 known compounds. The majority of characterized terpenoids, which include some of the most well known, pharmaceutically relevant, and commercially valuable natural products, are produced by plants and fungi. Comparatively, terpenoids of bacterial origin are rare. This is counter-intuitive to the fact that recent microbial genomics revealed that almost all bacteria have the biosynthetic potential to create the C5 building blocks necessary for terpenoid biosynthesis. In this review, we catalogue terpenoids produced by bacteria. We collected 1062 natural products, consisting of both primary and secondary metabolites, and classified them into two major families and 55 distinct subfamilies. To highlight the structural and chemical space of bacterial terpenoids, we discuss their structures, biosynthesis, and biological activities. Although the bacterial terpenome is relatively small, it presents a fascinating dichotomy for future research. Similarities between bacterial and non-bacterial terpenoids and their biosynthetic pathways provides alternative model systems for detailed characterization while the abundance of novel skeletons, biosynthetic pathways, and bioactivies presents new opportunities for drug discovery, genome mining, and enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Tyler A Alsup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Baofu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Zining Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
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24
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Loulier J, Lefort F, Stocki M, Asztemborska M, Szmigielski R, Siwek K, Grzywacz T, Hsiang T, Ślusarski S, Oszako T, Klisz M, Tarakowski R, Nowakowska JA. Detection of Fungi and Oomycetes by Volatiles Using E-Nose and SPME-GC/MS Platforms. Molecules 2020; 25:E5749. [PMID: 33291490 PMCID: PMC7730677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi and oomycetes release volatiles into their environment which could be used for olfactory detection and identification of these organisms by electronic-nose (e-nose). The aim of this study was to survey volatile compound emission using an e-nose device and to identify released molecules through solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) analysis to ultimately develop a detection system for fungi and fungi-like organisms. To this end, cultures of eight fungi (Armillaria gallica, Armillaria ostoyae, Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium poae, Rhizoctonia solani, Trichoderma asperellum) and four oomycetes (Phytophthora cactorum, P. cinnamomi, P. plurivora, P. ramorum) were tested with the e-nose system and investigated by means of SPME-GC/MS. Strains of F. poae, R. solani and T. asperellum appeared to be the most odoriferous. All investigated fungal species (except R. solani) produced sesquiterpenes in variable amounts, in contrast to the tested oomycetes strains. Other molecules such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters and benzene derivatives were found in all samples. The results suggested that the major differences between respective VOC emission ranges of the tested species lie in sesquiterpene production, with fungi emitting some while oomycetes released none or smaller amounts of such molecules. Our e-nose system could discriminate between the odors emitted by P. ramorum, F. poae, T. asperellum and R. solani, which accounted for over 88% of the PCA variance. These preliminary results of fungal and oomycete detection make the e-nose device suitable for further sensor design as a potential tool for forest managers, other plant managers, as well as regulatory agencies such as quarantine services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Loulier
- InTNE (Plants & Pathogens Group), Hepia, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, 150 route de Presinge, 1254 Jussy, Switzerland;
| | - François Lefort
- InTNE (Plants & Pathogens Group), Hepia, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, 150 route de Presinge, 1254 Jussy, Switzerland;
| | - Marcin Stocki
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.S.); (T.O.)
| | - Monika Asztemborska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Rafał Szmigielski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (M.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Siwek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Tomasz Grzywacz
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Tom Hsiang
- Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Sławomir Ślusarski
- Forest Protection Department, Forest Research Institute, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Sękocin Stary, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Oszako
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.S.); (T.O.)
- Forest Protection Department, Forest Research Institute, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Sękocin Stary, Poland;
| | - Marcin Klisz
- Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Sękocin Stary, Poland;
| | - Rafał Tarakowski
- Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Justyna Anna Nowakowska
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3 Street, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Wu J, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Li H, Sun P. Micaryolanes A and B, Two New Caryolane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from Marine Streptomyces sp. AH25. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000769. [PMID: 33140544 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Caryolanes, known as β-caryophyllene alcohols, are widely occurring sesquiterpenes in plants. From the cultures of marine Streptomyces sp. AH25, two new caryolane sesquiterpenes, micaryolanes A and B (1 and 2), together with caryolan-1,9β-diol (3) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analyses of HR-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations were assigned via the CD data of the in situ formed [Rh2 (OCOCF3 )4 ] complex and supported by comparison of experimental and calculated specific rotation values. Compounds 1-3 exhibited no activities against Hep3B or MG-63 cell lines or against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results not only enriched the caryolane family, but also proved bacteria as a productive source of terpene metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiequn Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yuqin Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hongji Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Peng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guo-He Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Hou A, Dickschat JS. The Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Sestermobaraenes-Discovery of a Geranylfarnesyl Diphosphate Synthase and a Multiproduct Sesterterpene Synthase from Streptomyces mobaraensis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19961-19965. [PMID: 32749032 PMCID: PMC7693059 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces mobaraensis encoding the first cases of a bacterial geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase and a type I sesterterpene synthase was identified. The structures of seven sesterterpenes produced by these enzymes were elucidated, including their absolute configurations. The enzyme mechanism of the sesterterpene synthase was investigated by extensive isotope labeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse 153121BonnGermany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of BonnGerhard-Domagk-Strasse 153121BonnGermany
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27
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Hou A, Dickschat JS. Biosynthesegencluster für Sestermobaraene – Entdeckung einer Geranylfarnesyldiphosphatsynthase und einer Multiprodukt‐Sesterterpensynthase aus
Streptomyces mobaraensis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Hou
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie Universität Bonn Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
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Bhaskar P, Sareen D. Bioinformatics approach to understand nature's unified mechanism of stereo-divergent synthesis of isoprenoid skeletons. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:142. [PMID: 32851438 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In isoprenoid metabolism, cyclisation is the important gateway to chemical diversity. Terpene synthase is responsible for the cyclisation of a few universal substrates forming hundreds of often stereo-chemically complex mono- and poly-cyclic terpene hydrocarbons with a broad spectrum of functions in pharmaceuticals, flavours and fragrance industry. Although they are discovered and characterised mainly from plants and fungi, yet only a small share of bacterial terpenes has been investigated so far owing to their low level of expression in wild-type microorganisms. Extensive bacterial genome mining has revealed a treasure trove of terpene synthase genes and their regulated heterologous overexpression has pitched-in to describe the biochemical function of putative genes and sequester new terpene metabolites. This review deals with the modern genome mining techniques and molecular methods, providing more experimental tools for studying the structure and functions of terpenoid metabolites and strongly supports the idea that genome mining is a utile approach in deciphering the terpenoid diversity in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Bhaskar
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Dipti Sareen
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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29
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Schlawis C, Harig T, Ehlers S, Guillen‐Matus DG, Creamer KE, Jensen PR, Schulz S. Extending the Salinilactone Family. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1629-1632. [PMID: 31957947 PMCID: PMC7317194 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Five new members of the salinilactone family, salinilactones D-H, are reported. These bicyclic lactones are produced by Salinispora bacteria and display extended or shortened alkyl side chains relative to the recently reported salinilactones A-C. They were identified by GC/MS, gas chromatographic retention index, and comparison with synthetic samples. We further investigated the occurrence of salinilactones across six newly proposed Salinispora species to gain insight into how compound production varies among taxa. The growth-inhibiting effect of this compound family on multiple biological systems including non-Salinispora actinomycetes was analyzed. Additionally, we found strong evidence for significant cytotoxicity of the title compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schlawis
- Institut für Organische ChemieTU BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Tim Harig
- Institut für Organische ChemieTU BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Stephanie Ehlers
- Institut für Organische ChemieTU BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Dulce G. Guillen‐Matus
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0204USA
| | - Kaitlin E. Creamer
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0204USA
| | - Paul R. Jensen
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California San Diego9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0204USA
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institut für Organische ChemieTU BraunschweigHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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30
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Abis L, Loubet B, Ciuraru R, Lafouge F, Houot S, Nowak V, Tripied J, Dequiedt S, Maron PA, Sadet-Bourgeteau S. Reduced microbial diversity induces larger volatile organic compound emissions from soils. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6104. [PMID: 32269288 PMCID: PMC7142124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms in soil are known to be a source and a sink of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The role of the microbial VOCs on soil ecosystem regulation has been increasingly demonstrated in the recent years. Nevertheless, little is known about the influence of the microbial soil community structure and diversity on VOC emissions. This novel study analyzed the effect of reduced microbial diversity in soil on VOC emissions. We found that reduced levels of microbial diversity in soil increased VOC emissions from soils, while the number of different VOCs emitted decreased. Furthermore, we found that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and fungi phyla were positively correlated to VOC emissions, and other prokaryotic phyla were either negatively correlated or very slightly positively correlated to VOCs emissions. Our interpretation is that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and fungi were VOC producers while the other prokaryotic phyla were consumers. Finally, we discussed the possible role of VOCs as mediators of microbial interactions in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Abis
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC, Paris, France.
- INRA, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France.
- Technische Universität Berlin, Umweltchemie und Luftrinhaltunz, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Berlin, 10623, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Loubet
- INRA, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Raluca Ciuraru
- INRA, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Florence Lafouge
- INRA, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Sabine Houot
- INRA, UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Virginie Nowak
- INRA, UMR AgroEcologie, AgroSup Dijon, BP 87999, 21079, Dijon, cedex, France
| | - Julie Tripied
- INRA, UMR AgroEcologie, AgroSup Dijon, BP 87999, 21079, Dijon, cedex, France
| | - Samuel Dequiedt
- INRA, UMR AgroEcologie, AgroSup Dijon, BP 87999, 21079, Dijon, cedex, France
| | - Pierre Alain Maron
- INRA, UMR AgroEcologie, AgroSup Dijon, BP 87999, 21079, Dijon, cedex, France
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31
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Rudolf JD, Chang CY. Terpene synthases in disguise: enzymology, structure, and opportunities of non-canonical terpene synthases. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:425-463. [PMID: 31650156 PMCID: PMC7101268 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to July 2019 Terpene synthases (TSs) are responsible for generating much of the structural diversity found in the superfamily of terpenoid natural products. These elegant enzymes mediate complex carbocation-based cyclization and rearrangement cascades with a variety of electron-rich linear and cyclic substrates. For decades, two main classes of TSs, divided by how they generate the reaction-triggering initial carbocation, have dominated the field of terpene enzymology. Recently, several novel and unconventional TSs that perform TS-like reactions but do not resemble canonical TSs in sequence or structure have been discovered. In this review, we identify 12 families of non-canonical TSs and examine their sequences, structures, functions, and proposed mechanisms. Nature provides a wide diversity of enzymes, including prenyltransferases, methyltransferases, P450s, and NAD+-dependent dehydrogenases, as well as completely new enzymes, that utilize distinctive reaction mechanisms for TS chemistry. These unique non-canonical TSs provide immense opportunities to understand how nature evolved different tools for terpene biosynthesis by structural and mechanistic characterization while affording new probes for the discovery of novel terpenoid natural products and gene clusters via genome mining. With every new discovery, the dualistic paradigm of TSs is contradicted and the field of terpene chemistry and enzymology continues to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
| | - Chin-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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32
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Salwan R, Sharma V. Molecular and biotechnological aspects of secondary metabolites in actinobacteria. Microbiol Res 2020; 231:126374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Martín-Sánchez L, Singh KS, Avalos M, van Wezel GP, Dickschat JS, Garbeva P. Phylogenomic analyses and distribution of terpene synthases among Streptomyces. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1181-1193. [PMID: 31293665 PMCID: PMC6604706 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpene synthases are widely distributed among microorganisms and have been mainly studied in members of the genus Streptomyces. However, little is known about the distribution and evolution of the genes for terpene synthases. Here, we performed whole-genome based phylogenetic analysis of Streptomyces species, and compared the distribution of terpene synthase genes among them. Overall, our study revealed that ten major types of terpene synthases are present within the genus Streptomyces, namely those for geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, epi-isozizaene, 7-epi-α-eudesmol, epi-cubenol, caryolan-1-ol, cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol, isoafricanol, pentalenene and α-amorphene. The Streptomyces species divide in three phylogenetic groups based on their whole genomes for which the distribution of the ten terpene synthases was analysed. Geosmin synthases were the most widely distributed and were found to be evolutionary positively selected. Other terpene synthases were found to be specific for one of the three clades or a subclade within the genus Streptomyces. A phylogenetic analysis of the most widely distributed classes of Streptomyces terpene synthases in comparison to the phylogenomic analysis of this genus is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kumar Saurabh Singh
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Mariana Avalos
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden,The Netherlands
| | - Gilles P van Wezel
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden,The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Paolina Garbeva
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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34
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Chen X, Luck K, Rabe P, Dinh CQ, Shaulsky G, Nelson DR, Gershenzon J, Dickschat JS, Köllner TG, Chen F. A terpene synthase-cytochrome P450 cluster in Dictyostelium discoideum produces a novel trisnorsesquiterpene. eLife 2019; 8:44352. [PMID: 31063135 PMCID: PMC6524965 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are enormously diverse, but our knowledge of their biosynthesis and functions is limited. Here we report on a terpene synthase (DdTPS8)-cytochrome P450 (CYP521A1) gene cluster that produces a novel C12 trisnorsesquiterpene and affects the development of Dictyostelium discoideum. DdTPS8 catalyzes the formation of a sesquiterpene discoidol, which is undetectable from the volatile bouquet of wild type D. discoideum. Interestingly, a DdTPS8 knockout mutant lacks not only discoidol, but also a putative trisnorsesquiterpene. This compound was hypothesized to be derived from discoidol via cytochrome P450 (CYP)-catalyzed oxidative cleavage. CYP521A1, which is clustered with DdTPS8, was identified as a top candidate. Biochemical assays demonstrated that CYP521A1 catalyzes the conversion of discoidol to a novel trisnorsesquiterpene named discodiene. The DdTPS8 knockout mutant exhibited slow progression in development. This study points to the untapped diversity of natural products made by D. discoideum, which may have diverse roles in its development and chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States
| | - Katrin Luck
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Rabe
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christopher Qd Dinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Gad Shaulsky
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - David R Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias G Köllner
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United States
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35
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Rinkel J, Dickschat JS. Addressing the Chemistry of Germacrene A by Isotope Labeling Experiments. Org Lett 2019; 21:2426-2429. [PMID: 30859837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the central role of germacrene A in sesquiterpene biosynthesis and its widespread occurrence in nature, its complete NMR characterization is still pending. This problem was solved through enzymatic preparation of germacrene A isotopomers that allowed for a full signal assignment to all three conformers. The obtained materials gave insights into the stereochemical course of the Cope rearrangement to β-elemene and uncovered the Cope rearrangement as a new EI-MS fragmentation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 , 53121 Bonn , Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1 , 53121 Bonn , Germany
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36
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A Phylogenetic and Functional Perspective on Volatile Organic Compound Production by Actinobacteria. mSystems 2019; 4:mSystems00295-18. [PMID: 30863793 PMCID: PMC6401417 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00295-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbes produce a diverse array of natural products, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Volatile compounds are important molecules in soil habitats, where they mediate interactions between bacteria, fungi, insects, plants, and animals. We measured the VOCs produced by a broad diversity of soil- and dust-dwelling Actinobacteria in vitro. We detected a total of 126 unique volatile compounds, and each strain produced a unique combination of VOCs. While some of the compounds were produced by many strains, most were strain specific. Importantly, VOC profiles were more similar between closely related strains, indicating that evolutionary and ecological processes generate predictable patterns of VOC production. Finally, we observed that actinobacterial VOCs had both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria that represent a plant-beneficial symbiont and a plant-pathogenic strain, information that may lead to the development of novel strategies for plant disease prevention. Soil microbes produce an immense diversity of metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can shape the structure and function of microbial communities. VOCs mediate a multitude of microbe-microbe interactions, including antagonism. Despite their importance, the diversity and functional relevance of most microbial volatiles remain uncharacterized. We assembled a taxonomically diverse collection of 48 Actinobacteria isolated from soil and airborne dust and surveyed the VOCs produced by these strains on two different medium types in vitro using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We detected 126 distinct VOCs and structurally identified approximately 20% of these compounds, which were predominately C1 to C5 hetero-VOCs, including (oxygenated) alcohols, ketones, esters, and nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. Each strain produced a unique VOC profile. While the most common VOCs were likely by-products of primary metabolism, most of the VOCs were strain specific. We observed a strong taxonomic and phylogenetic signal for VOC profiles, suggesting their role in finer-scale patterns of ecological diversity. Finally, we investigated the functional potential of these VOCs by assessing their effects on growth rates of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic pseudomonad strains. We identified sets of VOCs that correlated with growth inhibition and stimulation, information that may facilitate the development of microbial VOC-based pathogen control strategies. IMPORTANCE Soil microbes produce a diverse array of natural products, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Volatile compounds are important molecules in soil habitats, where they mediate interactions between bacteria, fungi, insects, plants, and animals. We measured the VOCs produced by a broad diversity of soil- and dust-dwelling Actinobacteria in vitro. We detected a total of 126 unique volatile compounds, and each strain produced a unique combination of VOCs. While some of the compounds were produced by many strains, most were strain specific. Importantly, VOC profiles were more similar between closely related strains, indicating that evolutionary and ecological processes generate predictable patterns of VOC production. Finally, we observed that actinobacterial VOCs had both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria that represent a plant-beneficial symbiont and a plant-pathogenic strain, information that may lead to the development of novel strategies for plant disease prevention.
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37
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Ueda D, Matsugane S, Okamoto W, Hashimoto M, Sato T. A Non-Enzymatic Pathway with Superoxide in Intracellular Terpenoid Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daijiro Ueda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Saori Matsugane
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Wataru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Masayuki Hashimoto
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan City 704-56 Taiwan, ROC
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signal Transduction; College of Medicine; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan City 704-56 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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38
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Ueda D, Matsugane S, Okamoto W, Hashimoto M, Sato T. A Non-Enzymatic Pathway with Superoxide in Intracellular Terpenoid Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10347-10351. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daijiro Ueda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Saori Matsugane
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Wataru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Masayuki Hashimoto
- Institute of Molecular Medicine; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan City 704-56 Taiwan, ROC
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signal Transduction; College of Medicine; National Cheng-Kung University; Tainan City 704-56 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry and Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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Barra L, Barac P, König GM, Crüsemann M, Dickschat JS. Volatiles from the fungal microbiome of the marine sponge Callyspongia cf. flammea. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7411-7421. [PMID: 28872169 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The volatiles emitted by five fungal strains previously isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia cf. flammea were captured with a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analyzed by GC-MS. Besides several widespread compounds, a series of metabolites with interesting bioactivities were found, including the quorum sensing inhibitor protoanemonin, the fungal phytotoxin 3,4-dimethylpentan-4-olide, and the insect attractant 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene. In addition, the aromatic polyketides isotorquatone and chartabomone that are both known from Eucalyptus and a new O-desmethyl derivative were identified. The biosynthesis of isotorquatone was studied by feeding experiments with isotopically labeled precursors and its absolute configuration was determined by enantioselective synthesis of a reference compound. Bioactivity testings showed algicidal activity for some of the identified compounds, suggesting a potential ecological function in sponge defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Barra
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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40
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Dickschat JS, Celik E, Brock NL. Volatiles from three genome sequenced fungi from the genus Aspergillus. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:900-910. [PMID: 29765471 PMCID: PMC5942377 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The volatiles emitted by agar plate cultures of three genome sequenced fungal strains from the genus Aspergillus were analysed by GC-MS. All three strains produced terpenes for which a biosynthetic relationship is discussed. The obtained data were also correlated to genetic information about the encoded terpene synthases for each strain. Besides terpenes, a series of aromatic compounds and volatiles derived from fatty acid and branched amino acid metabolism were identified. Some of these compounds have not been described as fungal metabolites before. For the compound ethyl (E)-hept-4-enoate known from cantaloupe a structural revision to the Z stereoisomer is proposed. Ethyl (Z)-hept-4-enoate also occurs in Aspergillus clavatus and was identified by synthesis of an authentic standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ersin Celik
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nelson L Brock
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany (former address)
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41
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Heterologous expression of 2-methylisoborneol / 2 methylenebornane biosynthesis genes in Escherichia coli yields novel C11-terpenes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196082. [PMID: 29672609 PMCID: PMC5908152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural diversity of terpenoids is limited by the isoprene rule which states that all primary terpene synthase products derive from methyl-branched building blocks with five carbon atoms. With this study we discover a broad spectrum of novel terpenoids with eleven carbon atoms as byproducts of bacterial 2-methylisoborneol or 2-methylenebornane synthases. Both enzymes use 2-methyl-GPP as substrate, which is synthesized from GPP by the action of a methyltransferase. We used E. coli strains that heterologously produce different C11-terpene synthases together with the GPP methyltransferase and the mevalonate pathway enzymes. With this de novo approach, 35 different C11-terpenes could be produced. In addition to eleven known compounds, it was possible to detect 24 novel C11-terpenes which have not yet been described as terpene synthase products. Four of them, 3,4-dimethylcumene, 2-methylborneol and the two diastereomers of 2-methylcitronellol could be identified. Furthermore, we showed that an E. coli strain expressing the GPP-methyltransferase can produce the C16-terpene 6-methylfarnesol which indicates the condensation of 2-methyl-GPP and IPP to 6-methyl-FPP by the E. coli FPP-synthase. Our study demonstrates the broad range of unusual terpenes accessible by expression of GPP-methyltransferases and C11-terpene synthases in E. coli and provides an extended mechanism for C11-terpene synthases.
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42
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Bian G, Hou A, Yuan Y, Hu B, Cheng S, Ye Z, Di Y, Deng Z, Liu T. Metabolic Engineering-Based Rapid Characterization of a Sesquiterpene Cyclase and the Skeletons of Fusariumdiene and Fusagramineol from Fusarium graminearum. Org Lett 2018. [PMID: 29513542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential power of sesquiterpene synthase FgJ03939 from Fusarium graminearum was fully exploited in a farnesyl diphosphate-overexpressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis to produce the novel sesquiterpenes fusariumdiene (1), epi-fusagramineol (2), and fusagramineol (3) with 5/7 bicyclic and 5/6/3 tricyclic ring systems, respectively, as well as five known sesquiterpenes (4-8). The structure of the unusual skeletons was characterized, and an absolute configuration was proposed. A mechanism for the biosynthesis of 1-8 was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangkai Bian
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
| | - Anwei Hou
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
| | - Yujie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
| | - Ben Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
| | - Shu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China
| | - Ziling Ye
- J1 Biotech Co., Ltd. , Wuhan 430075 , P. R. China
| | - Yingtong Di
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , P. R. China.,Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Microbiology , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan 430075 , P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China.,Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Microbiology , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan 430075 , P. R. China
| | - Tiangang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430071 , P. R. China.,Hubei Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Microbiology , Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology , Wuhan 430075 , P. R. China
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43
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Rinkel J, Lauterbach L, Dickschat JS. Spata-13,17-diene Synthase-An Enzyme with Sesqui-, Di-, and Sesterterpene Synthase Activity from Streptomyces xinghaiensis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16385-16389. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Lukas Lauterbach
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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44
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Spata-13,17-dien-Synthase - ein Enzym mit Sesqui-, Di- und Sesterterpen-Synthase-Aktivität aus Streptomyces xinghaiensis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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45
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Metabolic Profile of the Cellulolytic Industrial Actinomycete Thermobifida fusca. Metabolites 2017; 7:metabo7040057. [PMID: 29137138 PMCID: PMC5746737 DOI: 10.3390/metabo7040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinomycetes have a long history of being the source of numerous valuable natural products and medicinals. To expedite product discovery and optimization of biochemical production, high-throughput technologies can now be used to screen the library of compounds present (or produced) at a given time in an organism. This not only facilitates chemical product screening, but also provides a comprehensive methodology to the study cellular metabolic networks to inform cellular engineering. Here, we present some of the first metabolomic data of the industrial cellulolytic actinomycete Thermobifida fusca generated using LC-MS/MS. The underlying objective of conducting global metabolite profiling was to gain better insight on the innate capabilities of T. fusca, with a long-term goal of facilitating T. fusca-based bioprocesses. The T. fusca metabolome was characterized for growth on two cellulose-relevant carbon sources, cellobiose and Avicel. Furthermore, the comprehensive list of measured metabolites was computationally integrated into a metabolic model of T. fusca, to study metabolic shifts in the network flux associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.
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46
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Dickschat JS, Rinkel J, Rabe P, Beyraghdar Kashkooli A, Bouwmeester HJ. 18-Hydroxydolabella-3,7-diene synthase - a diterpene synthase from Chitinophaga pinensis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1770-1780. [PMID: 28904620 PMCID: PMC5588592 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The product obtained in vitro from a diterpene synthase encoded in the genome of the bacterium Chitinophaga pinensis, an enzyme previously reported to have germacrene A synthase activity during heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, was identified by extensive NMR-spectroscopic methods as 18-hydroxydolabella-3,7-diene. The absolute configuration of this diterpene alcohol and the stereochemical course of the terpene synthase reaction were addressed by isotopic labelling experiments. Heterologous expression of the diterpene synthase in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in the production of 18-hydroxydolabella-3,7-diene also in planta, while the results from the heterologous expression in E. coli were shown to be reproducible, revealing that the expression of one and the same terpene synthase in different heterologous hosts may yield different terpene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrick Rabe
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arman Beyraghdar Kashkooli
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harro J Bouwmeester
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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47
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Rinkel J, Rabe P, Chen X, Köllner TG, Chen F, Dickschat JS. Mechanisms of the Diterpene Cyclases β-Pinacene Synthase fromDictyostelium discoideumand Hydropyrene Synthase fromStreptomyces clavuligerus. Chemistry 2017; 23:10501-10505. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Patrick Rabe
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Xinlu Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Tennessee; 2431 Joe Johnson Drive Knoxville TN 37996-4561 USA
| | - Tobias G. Köllner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology; Hans-Knöll-Straße 8 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences; University of Tennessee; 2431 Joe Johnson Drive Knoxville TN 37996-4561 USA
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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48
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Abstract
Covering: up to January 2017This review gives a comprehensive overview of the production of fungal volatiles, including the history of the discovery of the first compounds and their distribution in the various investigated strains, species and genera, as unravelled by modern analytical methods. Biosynthetic aspects and the accumulated knowledge about the bioactivity and biological functions of fungal volatiles are also covered. A total number of 325 compounds is presented in this review, with 247 cited references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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49
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The Ecological Role of Volatile and Soluble Secondary Metabolites Produced by Soil Bacteria. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:280-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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50
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Rabe P, Rinkel J, Dolja E, Schmitz T, Nubbemeyer B, Luu TH, Dickschat JS. Mechanistische Studien an zwei bakteriellen Diterpencyclasen: Spiroviolen-Synthase und Tsukubadien-Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rabe
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Etilia Dolja
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Britta Nubbemeyer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - T. Hoang Luu
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
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