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Chen HJ, Wang L, Zhu H, Wang ZG, Liu SL. NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging for In Vivo Quantitative Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28011-28028. [PMID: 38783516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In vivo real-time qualitative and quantitative analysis is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as tumors. Near-infrared-II (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) bioimaging is an emerging visualization modality based on fluorescent materials. The advantages of NIR-II region fluorescent materials in terms of reduced photon scattering and low tissue autofluorescence enable NIR-II bioimaging with high resolution and increasing depth of tissue penetration, and thus have great potential for in vivo qualitative and quantitative analysis. In this review, we first summarize recent advances in NIR-II imaging, including fluorescent probe selection, quantitative analysis strategies, and imaging. Then, we describe in detail representative applications to illustrate how NIR-II fluorescence imaging has become an important tool for in vivo quantitative analysis. Finally, we describe the future possibilities and challenges of NIR-II fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jie Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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2
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Li T, Zhang Y, Wu F, Chen G, Li C, Wang Q. Rational Design of NIR-II Ratiometric Fluorescence Probes for Accurate Bioimaging and Biosensing In Vivo. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400132. [PMID: 38470209 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Intravital fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 900-1700 nm) has emerged as a promising method for non-invasive diagnostics in complex biological systems due to its advantages of less background interference, high tissue penetration depth, high imaging contrast, and sensitivity. However, traditional NIR-II fluorescence imaging, which is characterized by the "always on" or "turn on" mode, lacks the ability of quantitative detection, leading to low reproducibility and reliability during bio-detection. In contrast, NIR-II ratiometric fluorescence imaging can realize quantitative and reliable analysis and detection in vivo by providing reference signals for fluorescence correction, generating new opportunities and prospects during in vivo bioimaging and biosensing. In this review, the current design strategies and sensing mechanisms of NIR-II ratiometric fluorescence probes for bioimaging and biosensing applications are systematically summarized. Further, current challenges, future perspectives and opportunities for designing NIR-II ratiometric fluorescence probes are also discussed. It is hoped that this review can provide effective guidance for the design of NIR-II ratiometric fluorescence probes and promote its adoption in reliable biological imaging and sensing in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Feng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guangcun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging Technology, Division of Nanobiomedicine and i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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3
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Li L, Zhang X, Ren Y, Yuan Q, Wang Y, Bao B, Li M, Tang Y. Chemiluminescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Deep-Tissue Inflammation Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5927-5939. [PMID: 38381576 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Deep-tissue optical imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) remain a big challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Chemiluminescence (CL) has emerged as a promising tool for biological imaging and in vivo therapy. The development of covalent-binding chemiluminescence agents with high stability and high chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) efficiency is urgent. Herein, we design and synthesize an unprecedented chemiluminescent conjugated polymer PFV-Luminol, which consists of conjugated polyfluorene vinylene (PFV) main chains and isoluminol-modified side chains. Notably, isoluminol groups with chemiluminescent ability are covalently linked to main chains by amide bonds, which dramatically narrow their distance, greatly improving the CRET efficiency. In the presence of pathologically high levels of various reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially singlet oxygen (1O2), PFV-Luminol emits strong fluorescence and produces more ROS. Furthermore, we construct the PFV-L@PEG-NPs and PFV-L@PEG-FA-NPs nanoparticles by self-assembly of PFV-Luminol and amphiphilic copolymer DSPE-PEG/DSPE-PEG-FA. The chemiluminescent PFV-L@PEG-NPs nanoparticles exhibit excellent capabilities for in vivo imaging in different inflammatory animal models with great tissue penetration and resolution. In addition, PFV-L@PEG-FA-NPs nanoparticles show both sensitive in vivo chemiluminescence imaging and efficient chemiluminescence-mediated PDT for antitumors. This study paves the way for the design of chemiluminescent probes and their applications in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yuze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Benkai Bao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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Fu Q, Yang X, Wang M, Zhu K, Wang Y, Song J. Activatable Probes for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous Biomarkers In Vivo. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3916-3968. [PMID: 38258800 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic variations in the concentration and abnormal distribution of endogenous biomarkers are strongly associated with multiple physiological and pathological states. Therefore, it is crucial to design imaging systems capable of real-time detection of dynamic changes in biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Recently, ratiometric imaging has emerged as a widely used technique for sensing and imaging of biomarkers due to its advantage of circumventing the limitations inherent to conventional intensity-dependent signal readout methods while also providing built-in self-calibration for signal correction. Here, the recent progress of ratiometric probes and their applications in sensing and imaging of biomarkers are outlined. Ratiometric probes are classified according to their imaging mechanisms, and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging, ratiometric optical imaging including photoluminescence imaging and self-luminescence imaging, ratiometric magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-modal ratiometric imaging are discussed. The applications of ratiometric probes in the sensing and imaging of biomarkers such as pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), gas molecules, enzymes, metal ions, and hypoxia are discussed in detail. Additionally, this Review presents an overview of challenges faced in this field along with future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Kang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Juodėnas M, Strandberg E, Grabowski A, Gustavsson J, Šípová-Jungová H, Larsson A, Käll M. High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:251. [PMID: 37833318 PMCID: PMC10576095 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Flat metaoptics components are looking to replace classical optics elements and could lead to extremely compact biophotonics devices if integrated with on-chip light sources and detectors. However, using metasurfaces to shape light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency, as is typically required in high-contrast microscopy applications, remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate curved GaAs metagratings integrated on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) that enable on-chip illumination in total internal reflection and dark field microscopy. Based on an unconventional design that circumvents the aspect ratio dependent etching problems in monolithic integration, we demonstrate off-axis emission centred at 60° in air and 63° in glass with > 90% and > 70% relative deflection efficiency, respectively. The resulting laser beam is collimated out-of-plane but maintains Gaussian divergence in-plane, resulting in a long and narrow illumination area. We show that metagrating-integrated VCSELs of different kinds can be combined to enable rapid switching between dark-field and total internal reflection illumination. Our approach provides a versatile illumination solution for high-contrast imaging that is compatible with conventional microscopy setups and can be integrated with biophotonics devices, such as portable microscopy, NIR-II range bioimaging, and lab-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Juodėnas
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Erik Strandberg
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexander Grabowski
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Gustavsson
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hana Šípová-Jungová
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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6
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Xu L, Fan L, Zhu J. A Rare-Earth Near-Infrared Nanoprobe for the Identification of Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5579-5590. [PMID: 37808456 PMCID: PMC10557511 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s431631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a common subtype of lung cancer, and there is currently no established method for the early identification of SCLC. We prepared a novel rare-earth near-infrared (NIR) downconversion nanoprobe to identify SCLC cells. Methods The shell precursors Gd-OA and Na-TFA-OA were prepared, and the NaYF4:Nd@NaGdF4-ProGRP antibody probe was obtained after synthesizing downconversion fluorescent nanocrystals. The probe was used for NIR identification of cancer cells and subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. The biotoxicity of the probe to SCLC cells and nude mice was studied. Results The NaYF4:Nd@NaGdF4-ProGRP antibody probe was successfully prepared, with a size of 44 nm, an NIR emission peak at approximately 1060 nm, and a concentration of 40 μmol/mL. The probe could achieve accurate NIR identification of SCLC cells and subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Optimal images of the subcutaneous tumor model were obtained approximately 10 minutes after probe injection. There was no significant change in the hematology indices, respiratory rate, or heart rate of nude mice after the probe was injected (all P > 0.05). Conclusion We have successfully prepared a low-toxicity probe that can identify SCLC cells, which may be useful for the early detection of SCLC. And conduct theoretical exploration for non-invasive identification and identification of some early metastatic lesions without pathological sampling in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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Wei J, Liu C, Liang W, Yang X, Han S. Advances in optical molecular imaging for neural visualization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1250594. [PMID: 37671191 PMCID: PMC10475611 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iatrogenic nerve injury is a significant complication in surgery, which can negatively impact patients' quality of life. Currently, the main clinical neuroimaging methods, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and high-resolution ultrasonography, do not offer precise real-time positioning images for doctors during surgery. The clinical application of optical molecular imaging technology has led to the emergence of new concepts such as optical molecular imaging surgery, targeted surgery, and molecular-guided surgery. These advancements have made it possible to directly visualize surgical target areas, thereby providing a novel method for real-time identification of nerves during surgery planning. Unlike traditional white light imaging, optical molecular imaging technology enables precise positioning and identifies the cation of intraoperative nerves through the presentation of color images. Although a large number of experiments and data support its development, there are few reports on its actual clinical application. This paper summarizes the research results of optical molecular imaging technology and its ability to realize neural visualization. Additionally, it discusses the challenges neural visualization recognition faces and future development opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzheng Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenkai Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shufeng Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Shi Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Quan H, Li B, Lu H, Ding H, Yu Z, Han J. Detection of breast cancer cells by a near-infrared fluorescent probe targeting mitochondrial viscosity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18704. [PMID: 37560648 PMCID: PMC10407741 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring abnormal viscosity in biological systems is important for basic research and clinical applications. Fluorescence imaging technology is adaptable for the visualization of tumor tissues due to its comprehensive features. However, fluorescence detection of intracellular viscosity in clinical samples remains challenging. We developed a promising near-infrared fluorescent probe, M556, for viscosity measurement. M556, which targets mitochondria, was successfully applied to monitor the mitochondrial viscosity in living cells. Furthermore, M556 was demonstrated to effectively discriminate tumors from normal tissues in a mouse tumor model and in clinical specimens from breast cancer patients, thus indicating the potential perioperative use of this probe by clinicians to assist with biopsy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong Quan
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Haili Lu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hanzhi Ding
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Breast Cancer, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
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Luo L, Zhou H, Wang S, Pang M, Zhang J, Hu Y, You J. The Application of Nanoparticle-Based Imaging and Phototherapy for Female Reproductive Organs Diseases. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207694. [PMID: 37154216 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Various female reproductive disorders affect millions of women worldwide and bring many troubles to women's daily life. Let alone, gynecological cancer (such as ovarian cancer and cervical cancer) is a severe threat to most women's lives. Endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and other chronic diseases-induced pain have significantly harmed women's physical and mental health. Despite recent advances in the female reproductive field, the existing challenges are still enormous such as personalization of disease, difficulty in diagnosing early cancers, antibiotic resistance in infectious diseases, etc. To confront such challenges, nanoparticle-based imaging tools and phototherapies that offer minimally invasive detection and treatment of reproductive tract-associated pathologies are indispensable and innovative. Of late, several clinical trials have also been conducted using nanoparticles for the early detection of female reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics. However, these nanoparticle trials are still nascent due to the body's delicate and complex female reproductive system. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging nanoparticle-based imaging and phototherapies applications, which hold enormous promise for improved early diagnosis and effective treatments of various female reproductive organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Huanli Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Mei Pang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
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Li L, Ma X, Peng Y, Yin J, Guissi NEI, Wang Y. Bright Asymmetric Shielding Strategy-Based NIR-II Probes for Angiography and Localized Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1639-1649. [PMID: 36971702 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes with fluorescence emission in the NIR-II window have been widely studied due to increased imaging depth. However, the currently reported NIR-II fluorescent probes present some disadvantages, such as complicated synthesis routes and low fluorescence quantum yields (QYs). The shielding strategy has been used in the development of NIR-II probes to improve their QYs. So far, this strategy has only been used for the symmetric NIR-II probes, especially those based on the benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']bis([1,2,5]thiadiazole) (BBTD) skeleton. This work reports the synthesis of a series of asymmetric NIR-II probes based on shielding strategies accompanied by simple synthetic routes, high synthetic yields (above 90%), high QYs, and large Stoke shifts. Furthermore, the use of d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as a surfactant for an NIR-II fluorescence probe (NT-4) improved its water solubility. In vivo studies showed that TPGS-NT-4 NPs with a high QY (3.46%) achieve high-resolution angiography and efficient local photothermal therapy, while displaying good biocompatibility. Hence, we combined angiography and local photothermal therapy to improve the tumor uptake of nanophotothermal agents while reducing their damage to normal tissues.
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11
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Nanoparticles for Lymph Node-Directed Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020565. [PMID: 36839887 PMCID: PMC9960358 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes are organs that control immune cells and provide a major pathway for primary tumors to metastasize. A nanoparticles-based strategy has several advantages that make it suitable for achieving effective lymphatic delivery. First, the size of nanoparticles can be tailored to meet a size range appropriate for lymphatic migration. In addition, functionalized nanoparticles can target cells of interest for delivery of drugs or imaging probes. Existing lymph node contrast agents map all lymph nodes regardless of metastasis status; however, by using nanoparticles, it is possible to selectively target lymphatic metastases. Moreover, using functionalized nanoparticles, it is possible to specifically deliver anticancer drugs to metastatic lymph nodes. In this review, we introduce the use of nanoparticles for lymphatic mapping, in particular highlighting design considerations for detecting metastatic lymph nodes. Furthermore, we assess trends in lymph node-targeting nanoparticles in clinical practice and suggest future directions for lymph node-targeting nanoparticles.
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12
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Yuan L, Su Y, Yu B, Shen Y, Cong H. D-A-D organic small molecules with AIE effect for fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:985-997. [PMID: 36541206 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01912d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) fluorescent organic molecules as fluorescent probes accurately guide photothermal therapy as a potential antitumor method. However, the aggregation and quenching of organic fluorescent molecules and poor tissue permeability greatly limit their therapeutic effect and clinical transformation. In this paper, with a D-A-D structure as the molecular skeleton, cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) as the donor (D), diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as the acceptor (A), and long-chain isooctane as the shielding unit, organic fluorescent small molecules with a strong absorption band and bright NIR-II emission were synthesized. Then, tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecules with typical AIE structure characteristics were introduced on both sides of the organic fluorescent small molecules, and an organic small molecular fluorophore (TDA) with AIE characteristics and the photothermal effect was designed. Through a series of experimental characterization techniques, it is proved that TDA NPs have good biocompatibility and tissue permeability, and can accurately locate the tumor location through NIR-II fluorescence imaging to achieve local photothermal treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yingbin Su
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
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13
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Hu H, Xu Q, Mo Z, Hu X, He Q, Zhang Z, Xu Z. New anti-cancer explorations based on metal ions. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:457. [PMID: 36274142 PMCID: PMC9590139 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDue to the urgent demand for more anti-cancer methods, the new applications of metal ions in cancer have attracted increasing attention. Especially the three kinds of the new mode of cell death, including ferroptosis, calcicoptosis, and cuproptosis, are of great concern. Meanwhile, many metal ions have been found to induce cell death through different approaches, such as interfering with osmotic pressure, triggering biocatalysis, activating immune pathways, and generating the prooxidant effect. Therefore, varieties of new strategies based on the above approaches have been studied and applied for anti-cancer applications. Moreover, many contrast agents based on metal ions have gradually become the core components of the bioimaging technologies, such as MRI, CT, and fluorescence imaging, which exhibit guiding significance for cancer diagnosis. Besides, the new nano-theranostic platforms based on metal ions have experimentally shown efficient response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which realizes simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis through a more controlled nano-system. However, most metal-based agents have still been in the early stages, and controlled clinical trials are necessary to confirm or not the current expectations. This article will focus on these new explorations based on metal ions, hoping to provide some theoretical support for more anti-cancer ideas.
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14
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Li S, Ma Z, Zhang K, Zhang W, Song Z, Wang W, Yu X, Han H. A Two-Pronged Strategy for Enhanced Deep-Tumor Penetration and NIR-II Multimodal Imaging-Monitored Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41684-41694. [PMID: 36097391 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The second near-infrared (NIR-II)-induced photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its non-invasiveness and because it uses less energy. However, the penetration of photothermal agents into solid tumors is seriously impeded by the dense-tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) containing cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA), thereby compromising the ultimate therapeutic effects. Herein, acid-labile metal-organic frameworks were employed as nanocarriers to efficiently mineralize hyaluronidase (HAase) and encapsulate Ag2S nanodots by a one-pot approach under mild conditions. The obtained nanocomposites (AHZ NPs) maintained enzyme activity and changed in size to prolong blood circulation and complete delivery of the cargo to the tumor. Moreover, the released HAase could specifically break out the HA to loosen ECM and enable the Ag2S nanodots to breeze through the tumor matrix space and gain access to the deep tumor. Under near-infrared laser irradiation, the AHZ NPs displayed remarkable fluorescence, outstanding photoacoustic signals, and excellent photothermal properties in the whole tumor. This work offers a promising two-pronged strategy via a decrease in nanoparticle size and the degradation of dense ECM for NIR-II multimodal imaging-guided PTT of deep tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ximiao Yu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Heyou Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
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15
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Li Y, Lu S, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang J, Zhang C, Xiong L. Multifunctional Imaging of Vessels, Brown Adipose Tissue, and Bones in the Visible and Second Near-infrared Region Using Dual-Emitting Polymer Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37504-37513. [PMID: 35970519 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dual-emitting polymer dots (dual-Pdots) in the visible and second near-infrared (NIR-II) region can facilitate the high-resolution imaging of the fine structure and improve the signal-to-noise ratio in in vivo imaging. Herein, combining high brightness of Pdots and multi-scale imaging, we synthesized dual-Pdots using a simple nano-coprecipitation method and performed multi-functional imaging of vessels, brown adipose tissue, and bones. Results showed that in vivo blood vessel imaging had a high resolution of up to 5.9 μm and bone imaging had a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.9. Moreover, dual-Pdots can accumulate in the interscapular brown adipose tissue within 2 min with a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.8. In addition, the prepared dual-Pdots can image the lymphatic valves and the frequency of contraction. Our study provides a feasible method of using Pdots as nanoprobes for multi-scale imaging in the fields of metabolic disorders, skeletal system diseases, and circulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Li
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Shuting Lu
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Jingru Li
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Juxiang Zhang
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Liqin Xiong
- Shanghai Med-X Engineering Center for Medical Equipment and Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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16
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Yang N, Song S, Liu C, Ren J, Wang X, Zhu S, Yu C. An aza-BODIPY-based NIR-II luminogen enables efficient phototheranostics. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4815-4821. [PMID: 35856473 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00670g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of a high-performance second near-infrared (NIR-II) biological window fluorophore is in urgent need for precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Nevertheless, the construction of phototherapeutic agents in the NIR-II region with excellent imaging performance and minimal side effects remains a big challenge due to the limited availability of core fluorophore candidates. In this study, a new NIR-II fluorescent probe, CB1, which is an aza-BODIPY core conjugated with bulky donors, was designed and synthesized. CB1 was further encapsulated in DSPE-PEG2000 to impart water solubility, which shows brighter NIR-II fluorescence and higher photostability than the clinically used indocyanine green (ICG). CB1 nanoparticles show deep tissue penetration and high imaging contrast in vivo. In addition, molecular conformation enables CB1 nanoparticles to exhibit good photothermal properties. Both in vitro and in vivo assessments confirm that CB1 nanoparticles could be utilized as distinguished theranostic agents for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and tumor growth inhibition with negligible side effects. Collectively, this work provides a promising approach for constructing a new platform for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Jia Ren
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Cong Yu
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
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17
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Spatarelu CP, Van Namen A, Jandhyala S, Luke GP. Fluorescent Phase-Changing Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets as Activatable Near-Infrared Probes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137312. [PMID: 35806326 PMCID: PMC9266996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitivity of fluorescence imaging is limited by the high optical scattering of tissue. One approach to improve sensitivity to small signals is to use a contrast agent with a signal that can be externally modulated. In this work, we present a new phase-changing perfluorocarbon nanodroplet contrast agent loaded with DiR dye. The nanodroplets undergo a liquid-to-gas phase transition when exposed to an externally applied laser pulse. This results in the unquenching of the encapsulated dye, thus increasing the fluorescent signal, a phenomenon that can be characterized by an ON/OFF ratio between the fluorescence of activated and nonactivated nanodroplets, respectively. We investigate and optimize the quenching/unquenching of DiR upon nanodroplets’ vaporization in suspension, tissue-mimicking phantoms and a subcutaneous injection mouse model. We also demonstrate that the vaporized nanodroplets produce ultrasound contrast, enabling multimodal imaging. This work shows that these nanodroplets could be applied to imaging applications where high sensitivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Austin Van Namen
- Dartmouth College, 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (C.-P.S.); (A.V.N.); (S.J.)
| | - Sidhartha Jandhyala
- Dartmouth College, 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (C.-P.S.); (A.V.N.); (S.J.)
| | - Geoffrey P. Luke
- Dartmouth College, 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (C.-P.S.); (A.V.N.); (S.J.)
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Zhang N, Shu G, Qiao E, Xu X, Shen L, Lu C, Chen W, Fang S, Yang Y, Song J, Zhao Z, Tu J, Xu M, Chen M, Du Y, Ji J. DNA-Functionalized Liposomes In Vivo Fusion for NIR-II/MRI Guided Pretargeted Ferroptosis Therapy of Metastatic Breast Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20603-20615. [PMID: 35476429 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In clinic, metastasis is still the main reason for death for cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to track cancer metastases accurately, kill cancer cells effectively, and then improve the prognosis of patients with advanced cancer. Therefore, we designed a liposome-based pretargeted system modified with single-stranded DNA and targeting peptide injected in sequence and then assembled in vivo for multimodality imaging-guided pretargeted synergistic therapy of metastatic breast cancer. The pretargeted system is composed of the first liposome, loaded with near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIR-II) probe downconversion nanoprobes (DCNP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent SPIO (L1/C-Lipo/DS), for primary/metastatic tumor MRI/NIR-II dual-modal imaging, and the second liposome, loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx) and doxorubicin (DOX) (L2/C-Lipo/GD), as the therapeutic component. The SPIO in L1/C-Lipo/DS accumulated in the tumor tissue will provide a necessary iron ion for the therapeutic liposome (L2/C-Lipo/GD) to exert the pretargeted ferroptosis therapy to cancer cells. We demonstrate that the DNA-mediated pretargeting strategy can realize the multimodality imaging-guided synergistically enhanced antitumor effect between the two liposomes. This pretargeted and synergistic in vivo assembly nanomedicine strategy for diagnosis and treatment holds clinical translation potential for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pain, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaofeng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enqi Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfei Tu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiaing University, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
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19
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Vervaeke P, Borgos SE, Sanders NN, Combes F. Regulatory guidelines and preclinical tools to study the biodistribution of RNA therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 184:114236. [PMID: 35351470 PMCID: PMC8957368 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The success of the messenger RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines of Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech marks the beginning of a new chapter in modern medicine. However, the rapid rise of mRNA therapeutics has resulted in a regulatory framework that is somewhat lagging. The current guidelines either do not apply, do not mention RNA therapeutics, or do not have widely accepted definitions. This review describes the guidelines for preclinical biodistribution studies of mRNA/siRNA therapeutics and highlights the relevant differences for mRNA vaccines. We also discuss the role of in vivo RNA imaging techniques and other assays to fulfill and/or complement the regulatory requirements. Specifically, quantitative whole-body autoradiography, microautoradiography, mass spectrometry-based assays, hybridization techniques (FISH, bDNA), PCR-based methods, in vivo fluorescence imaging, and in vivo bioluminescence imaging, are discussed. We conclude that this new and rapidly evolving class of medicines demands a multi-layered approach to fully understand its biodistribution and in vivo characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vervaeke
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S E Borgos
- SINTEF Industry, Dept. of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Research Group Mass Spectrometry, Sem Sælands v. 2A, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - N N Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - F Combes
- SINTEF Industry, Dept. of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Research Group Mass Spectrometry, Sem Sælands v. 2A, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
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20
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Zhang F, Xie H, Guo B, Zhu C, Xu J. AIE-active macromolecules: designs, performances, and applications. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01167g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) macromolecules as emerging luminescent materials gained increasing attention owing to their good processability, high brightness, wide functionality, and smart responsiveness, with great potential in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Hui Xie
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bing Guo
- School of Science and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technolog, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
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21
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Tan J, Yin K, Ouyang Z, Wang R, Pan H, Wang Z, Zhao C, Guo W, Gu X. Real-Time Monitoring Renal Impairment Due to Drug-Induced AKI and Diabetes-Caused CKD Using an NAG-Activatable NIR-II Nanoprobe. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16158-16165. [PMID: 34813273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Real-time in vivo optical imaging of kidney function is important for the diagnosis of renal diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the reported optical imaging agents still have limitations for identifying AKI or CKD in the early stage due to their low sensitivity, poor tissue penetration, and significant background interference. Herein, an N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG)-activatable second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescent nanoprobe (BOD-II-NAG-NP) is developed for monitoring the progression of drug-induced AKI and in vivo imaging of diabetes-caused CKD. NAG, as a biomarker of renal diseases, is able to specifically activate BOD-II-NAG-NP to release NIR-II fluorescence signals, enabling in vivo imaging of kidney dysfunctions in living mice. Importantly, such an active imaging mechanism allows BOD-II-NAG-NP to noninvasively detect the onset of drug-induced AKI at least 32 h earlier than the most existing assays, which indicates that BOD-II-NAG-NP has the potential to be an optical imaging agent for the early diagnosis of AKI. Moreover, NIR-II fluorescence produced by BOD-II-NAG-NP could deeply penetrate into the relatively thick layers of fat in diabetic nephropathy mice and provide in vivo imaging with high resolution, indicating that BOD-II-NAG-NP has clinical potential for precision diagnosis of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Tan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Ouyang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Rongchen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chuchang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Gu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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22
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Inorganic Nanomaterial for Biomedical Imaging of Brain Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237340. [PMID: 34885919 PMCID: PMC8658999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, brain diseases have taken a heavy toll on human health and social systems. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), photoacoustic imaging (PA), computed tomography (CT), and other imaging modes play important roles in disease prevention and treatment. However, the disadvantages of traditional imaging mode, such as long imaging time and large noise, limit the effective diagnosis of diseases, and reduce the precision treatment of diseases. The ever-growing applications of inorganic nanomaterials in biomedicine provide an exciting way to develop novel imaging systems. Moreover, these nanomaterials with special physicochemical characteristics can be modified by surface modification or combined with functional materials to improve targeting in different diseases of the brain to achieve accurate imaging of disease regions. This article reviews the potential applications of different types of inorganic nanomaterials in vivo imaging and in vitro detection of different brain disease models in recent years. In addition, the future trends, opportunities, and disadvantages of inorganic nanomaterials in the application of brain diseases are also discussed. Additionally, recommendations for improving the sensitivity and accuracy of inorganic nanomaterials in screening/diagnosis of brain diseases.
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23
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Wang Z, Wang X, Wan JB, Xu F, Zhao N, Chen M. Optical Imaging in the Second Near Infrared Window for Vascular Bioimaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103780. [PMID: 34643028 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging in the second near infrared region (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) provides higher resolution and deeper penetration depth for accurate and real-time vascular anatomy, blood dynamics, and function information, effectively contributing to the early diagnosis and curative effect assessment of vascular anomalies. Currently, NIR-II optical imaging demonstrates encouraging results including long-term monitoring of vascular injury and regeneration, real-time feedback of blood perfusion, tracking of lymphatic metastases, and imaging-guided surgery. This review summarizes the latest progresses of NIR-II optical imaging for angiography including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The development of current NIR-II fluorescence, PA, and OCT probes (i.e., single-walled carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, rare earth doped nanoparticles, noble metal-based nanostructures, organic dye-based probes, and semiconductor polymer nanoparticles), highlighting probe optimization regarding high brightness, longwave emission, and biocompatibility through chemical modification or nanotechnology, is first introduced. The application of NIR-II probes in angiography based on the classification of peripheral vascular, cerebrovascular, tumor vessel, and cardiovascular, is then reviewed. Major challenges and opportunities in the NIR-II optical imaging for vascular imaging are finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi'an Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Fujian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Nana Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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24
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Sheng S, Wei C, Ma T, Zhang Y, Zhu D, Dong X, Lv F. Multiplex fluorescence imaging‐guided programmed delivery of doxorubicin and curcumin from a nanoparticles/hydrogel system for synergistic chemotherapy. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shupei Sheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Chang Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Teng Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Dunwan Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Xia Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Feng Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
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25
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Xie N, Hou Y, Wang S, Ai X, Bai J, Lai X, Zhang Y, Meng X, Wang X. Second near-infrared (NIR-II) imaging: a novel diagnostic technique for brain diseases. Rev Neurosci 2021; 33:467-490. [PMID: 34551223 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Imaging in the second near-infrared II (NIR-II) window, a kind of biomedical imaging technology with characteristics of high sensitivity, high resolution, and real-time imaging, is commonly used in the diagnosis of brain diseases. Compared with the conventional visible light (400-750 nm) and NIR-I (750-900 nm) imaging, the NIR-II has a longer wavelength of 1000-1700 nm. Notably, the superiorities of NIR-II can minimize the light scattering and autofluorescence of biological tissue with the depth of brain tissue penetration up to 7.4 mm. Herein, we summarized the main principles of NIR-II in animal models of traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular visualization, brain tumor, inflammation, and stroke. Simultaneously, we encapsulated the in vivo process of NIR-II probes and their in vivo and in vitro toxic effects. We further dissected its limitations and following optimization measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Ya Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ai
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Xianrong Lai
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu611137, China
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26
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Gu C, Wang H, Wang X, Wen S, Liu X, Tan W, Qiu M, Ma J. Dithieno[3,2- b:2',3'- d]silole-based conjugated polymers for bioimaging in the short-wave infrared region. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30798-30804. [PMID: 35498949 PMCID: PMC9041370 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05097d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The short-wave infrared window (SWIR, 900–1700 nm) fluorescence imaging has been demonstrated to have excellent imaging performance in signal/noise ratio and tissue penetration compared to the conventional NIR biological window (NIR-I, 700–900 nm). Conventional organic SWIR fluorescent materials still suffer from low fluorescence quantum efficiency. In this work, a donor unit with sp3 hybrid configuration and an acceptor unit with small hindered alkyl side chains are employed to construct donor–acceptor (D–A) type conjugated polymers P1 and P2, which were substituted with one or two fluorine atoms. These structural features can alleviate the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and contribute to charge transfer, resulting in a significantly improved fluorescence quantum efficiency. The SWIR fluorescent quantum efficiencies of P1 and P2 nanoparticles are 3.4% and 4.4%, respectively, which are some of the highest for organic SWIR fluorophores reported so far. Excellent imaging quality has been demonstrated with P2 nanoparticles for SWIR imaging of the vascular system of nude mice. The results indicate that our design strategy of introducing sp3 hybrid configuration and small hindered alkyl side chains to fabricate conjugated polymers is efficient in improving the fluorescent quantum efficiency as SWIR fluorescent imaging agents for potential clinical practice. A D–A type polymer with a SWIR fluorescence quantum efficiency of 4.4% was obtained after structural optimization.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuantao Gu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266525 P. R. China +86-532-85071673.,CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 P. R. China
| | - Haicheng Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266525 P. R. China +86-532-85071673
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Qing Dao Municipal Hospital Qingdao 266011 P. R. China
| | - Shuguang Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266525 P. R. China +86-532-85071673
| | - Weiqiang Tan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266525 P. R. China +86-532-85071673
| | - Meng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education Qingdao 266011 P. R. China
| | - Jiping Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266525 P. R. China +86-532-85071673
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27
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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28
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Zhuang P, Xiang K, Meng X, Wang G, Li Z, Lu Y, Kan D, Zhang X, Sun SK. Gram-scale synthesis of a neodymium chelate as a spectral CT and second near-infrared window imaging agent for visualizing the gastrointestinal tract in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2285-2294. [PMID: 33616148 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02276d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases is frequently performed in the clinic, so it is crucial to develop high-performance contrast agents for real-time and non-invasive imaging examination of the GI tract. Herein, we show a novel method to synthesize a neodymium (Nd) chelate, Nd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Nd-DTPA), on a large scale without byproducts for spectral computed tomography (CT) and second near-infrared window imaging of the GI tract in vivo. The Nd-DTPA was simply generated by heating the mixture of Nd2O3 and DTPA in water at 85 °C for 2 h. This dual-modal imaging agent has the advantages of a simple and green synthesis route, no need of purification process, high yield (86.24%), large-scale production capability (>10 g in lab synthesis), good chemical stability and excellent water solubility (≈2 g mL-1). Moreover, the Nd-DTPA emitted strong near-infrared fluorescence at 1308 nm, and exhibited superior X-ray attenuation ability compared to clinical iohexol. The proposed Nd-DTPA can integrate the complementary merits of dual-modal imaging to realize spatial-temporal and highly sensitive imaging of the GI tract in vivo, and accurate diagnosis of the location of intestinal obstruction and monitor its recovery after surgery. The developed highly efficient method for the gram-scale synthesis of Nd-DTPA and the proposed spectral CT and second near-infrared window dual-modal imaging strategy provide a promising route for accurate visualization of the GI tract in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengrui Zhuang
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Ke Xiang
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Xiangxi Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Guohe Wang
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Ziyuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanye Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Di Kan
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Shao-Kai Sun
- Department of Medical imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
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29
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Zhang NN, Lu CY, Chen MJ, Xu XL, Shu GF, Du YZ, Ji JS. Recent advances in near-infrared II imaging technology for biological detection. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:132. [PMID: 33971910 PMCID: PMC8112043 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging technology enables us to observe the physiological or pathological processes in living tissue at the molecular level to accurately diagnose diseases at an early stage. Optical imaging can be employed to achieve the dynamic monitoring of tissue and pathological processes and has promising applications in biomedicine. The traditional first near-infrared (NIR-I) window (NIR-I, range from 700 to 900 nm) imaging technique has been available for more than two decades and has been extensively utilized in clinical diagnosis, treatment and scientific research. Compared with NIR-I, the second NIR window optical imaging (NIR-II, range from 1000 to 1700 nm) technology has low autofluorescence, a high signal-to-noise ratio, a high tissue penetration depth and a large Stokes shift. Recently, this technology has attracted significant attention and has also become a heavily researched topic in biomedicine. In this study, the optical characteristics of different fluorescence nanoprobes and the latest reports regarding the application of NIR-II nanoprobes in different biological tissues will be described. Furthermore, the existing problems and future application perspectives of NIR-II optical imaging probes will also be discussed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gao-Feng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Interventional Research of Zhejiang Province, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
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30
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Khiar‐Fernández N, Macicior J, Marcos‐Ramiro B, Ortega‐Gutiérrez S. Chemistry for the Identification of Therapeutic Targets: Recent Advances and Future Directions. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Khiar‐Fernández
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza de las Ciencias s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Jon Macicior
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza de las Ciencias s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Beatriz Marcos‐Ramiro
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza de las Ciencias s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Silvia Ortega‐Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry School of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza de las Ciencias s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
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31
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Su Y, Yu B, Wang S, Cong H, Shen Y. NIR-II bioimaging of small organic molecule. Biomaterials 2021; 271:120717. [PMID: 33610960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, people have been actively exploring new imaging methods with high biological imaging performance because the clinical image definition and depth in vivo cannot meet the requirements of early diagnosis and prognosis. Based on the traditional near-infrared region I (NIR-I), the molecular probe of the near-infrared region II (NIR-II) is further explored and developed. In the NIR-II region due to the wavelength is longer than the NIR-I region can effectively reduce the molecular scattering, optical absorption of the organization, the organization of spontaneous fluorescence negligible, thus the NIR-II Fluorescence imaging (FI) can get deeper penetration depth, higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and better spatiotemporal resolution, FI in NIR-II region are an important and rapidly developing research region for future imaging. In the NIR-II fluorophore, small organic molecule fluorophore has attracted much attention because of its good biocompatibility and good pharmacokinetic properties. In this review, we briefly introduced the existing NIR-II organic small molecule fluorophores, and introduced the existing relatively mature methods for improving quantum yield and water solubility, and the small molecule dyes on FI of various improvement methods, also briefly introduces the small molecules of photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and a brief introduction of imaging-guided surgery (IGS) for some small organic molecules, finally, a reasonable prospect is made for the development of small organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Su
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Song Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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32
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Zhang Y, Li S, Zhang H, Xu H. Design and Application of Receptor-Targeted Fluorescent Probes Based on Small Molecular Fluorescent Dyes. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:4-24. [PMID: 33412857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a variety of receptor-targeted fluorescent probes have been developed and widely used to realize the visualization of certain receptors, which facilitates the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this Review, we focus on the recent achievements in design, chemical structure, imaging characterization, and potential applications of receptor-targeted fluorescent probes from the past 10 years. The development and application of receptor-targeted fluorescent probes will expand our knowledge of the distribution and function of disease-related receptors, shed light on the drug discovery for clinical diseases where receptors are implicated, and feed into the diagnosis and treatment of a plethora of diseases, including tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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33
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Su Y, Miao Y, Zhu Y, Zou W, Yu B, Shen Y, Cong H. A design strategy for D–A conjugated polymers for NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of bioimaging technology in recent years has shown that second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging (FI) is gradually replacing the traditional visible light and first near-infrared (NIR-I) FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Su
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yawei Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yaowei Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wentao Zou
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Bionanoengineering and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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34
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Li T, Liu L, Xu P, Yuan P, Tian Y, Cheng Q, Yan L. Multifunctional Nanotheranostic Agent for NIR‐II Imaging‐Guided Synergetic Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuanwei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Le Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Pengping Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Pan Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Youliang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Quan Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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35
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Yin C, Lu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Organic semiconducting nanomaterials‐assisted phototheranostics in near‐infrared‐II biological window. VIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yin
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors and Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors and Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics and Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China
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36
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De Meulenaere E, de Coene Y, Russier-Antoine I, Vanpraet L, Van den Haute C, Thevissen K, Baekelandt V, Bartic C, Hofkens J, Brevet PF, Clays K. Fluorescence-free First Hyperpolarizability Values of Fluorescent Proteins and Channel Rhodopsins. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Yang Y, Wang S, Lu L, Zhang Q, Yu P, Fan Y, Zhang F. NIR‐II Chemiluminescence Molecular Sensor for In Vivo High‐Contrast Inflammation Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18380-18385. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Shangfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Lingfei Lu
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Qisong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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Yang Y, Wang S, Lu L, Zhang Q, Yu P, Fan Y, Zhang F. NIR‐II Chemiluminescence Molecular Sensor for In Vivo High‐Contrast Inflammation Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Shangfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Lingfei Lu
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Qisong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and iChem Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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Liu S, Ou H, Li Y, Zhang H, Liu J, Lu X, Kwok RT, Lam JW, Ding D, Tang BZ. Planar and Twisted Molecular Structure Leads to the High Brightness of Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for NIR-IIa Fluorescence Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15146-15156. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hanlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junkai Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan T.K. Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky W.Y. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, and Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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40
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Han R, Peng J, Xiao Y, Hao Y, Jia Y, Qian Z. Ag2S nanoparticles as an emerging single-component theranostic agent. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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41
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Soltani R, Guo S, Bianco A, Ménard‐Moyon C. Carbon Nanomaterials Applied for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases: Preclinical Evidence. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rym Soltani
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Shi Guo
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Cécilia Ménard‐Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572 University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
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Liu S, Li Y, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Structural and process controls of AIEgens for NIR-II theranostics. Chem Sci 2020; 12:3427-3436. [PMID: 34163616 PMCID: PMC8179408 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02911d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a cutting-edge fluorescence technology, giving highly-efficient solid-state photoluminescence. Particularly, AIE luminogens (AIEgens) with emission in the range of second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) have displayed salient advantages for biomedical imaging and therapy. However, the molecular design strategy and underlying mechanism for regulating the balance between fluorescence (radiative pathway) and photothermal effect (non-radiative pathway) in these narrow bandgap materials remain obscure. In this review, we outline the latest achievements in the molecular guidelines and photophysical process control for developing highly efficient NIR-II emitters or photothermal agents with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) attributes. We provide insights to optimize fluorescence efficiency by regulating multi-hierarchical structures from single molecules (flexibilization) to molecular aggregates (rigidification). We also discuss the crucial role of intramolecular motions in molecular aggregates for balancing the functions of fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy. The superiority of the NIR-II region is demonstrated by fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging of blood vessels and the brain as well as photothermal ablation of the tumor. Finally, a summary of the challenges and perspectives of NIR-II AIEgens for in vivo theranostics is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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43
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Bioorthogonal-targeted 1064 nm excitation theranostic nanoplatform for precise NIR-IIa fluorescence imaging guided efficient NIR-II photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 243:119934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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44
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Chen JA, Pan H, Wang Z, Gao J, Tan J, Ouyang Z, Guo W, Gu X. Imaging of ovarian cancers using enzyme activatable probes with second near-infrared window emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2731-2734. [PMID: 32022000 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09158k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We herein develop two β-galactosidase (β-Gal) activatable NIR fluorescent probes for visualizing ovarian cancers. Particularly, probe BOD-M-βGal produced NIR-II emission light at 900-1300 nm upon β-Gal activation. By using our activatable and target specific NIR-II probe for deep-tissue imaging of β-Gal overexpressed ovarian cancer cells, rapid and accurate imaging of ovarian tumors in nude mice was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-An Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China.
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45
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Jiang R, Yang J, Meng Y, Yan D, Liu C, Xu C, Liu Y. X-ray/red-light excited ZGGO:Cr,Nd nanoprobes for NIR-I/II afterglow imaging. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6074-6083. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NIR-I/II afterglow nanoprobes for deep-tissue autofluorescence-free bioimaging were developed based on the persistent energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyun Jiang
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Yangqi Meng
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Duanting Yan
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Changshan Xu
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
| | - Yuxue Liu
- School of Physics
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
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46
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Liu H, Li C, Qian Y, Hu L, Fang J, Tong W, Nie R, Chen Q, Wang H. Magnetic-induced graphene quantum dots for imaging-guided photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window. Biomaterials 2019; 232:119700. [PMID: 31881379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are considered emerging nanomaterials for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer due to their good biocompatibility and rapid excretion. However, the optical absorbance of GQDs in shorter wavelengths (<1000 nm) limits their overall therapeutic efficacies as photothermal agent in the second near infrared window (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II). Herein, we report a type of GQDs with strong absorption (1070 nm) in NIR-II region that was synthesized via a one-step solvothermal treatment using phenol as single precursor by tuning the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under a high magnetic field with an intensity of 9T. The obtained 9T-GQDs demonstrate uniform size distribution (3.6 nm), and tunable fluorescence (quantum yield, 16.67%) and high photothermal conversion efficacy (33.45%). In vitro and in vivo results indicate that 9T-GQDs could efficiently ablate tumor cells and inhibit the tumor growth under NIR-II irradiation. Moreover, the 9T-GQDs exhibited enhanced NIR imaging of tumor in living mice, suggesting the great probability of using 9T-GQDs for in vivo NIR imaging-guided PTT in the NIR-II window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Liu
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Changwei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases with Integrated Chinese-Western Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qian
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China
| | - Lin Hu
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jun Fang
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wei Tong
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China
| | - Rongrong Nie
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, JS, 210008, PR China.
| | - Qianwang Chen
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Hui Wang
- The Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, PR China.
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Miao Y, Gu C, Yu B, Zhu Y, Zou W, Shen Y, Cong H. Conjugated‐Polymer‐Based Nanoparticles with Efficient NIR‐II Fluorescent, Photoacoustic and Photothermal Performance. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2793-2799. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Miao
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Chuantao Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
- Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern TextileGrowing Base for State Key LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Yaowei Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Wentao Zou
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
- Center for Bionanoengineering andKey Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P. R. China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and EngineeringCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
- Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern TextileGrowing Base for State Key LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao University Qingdao 266071 P. R. China
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48
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Lv F, Liu D, Cong H, Shen Y, Yu B. Synthesis, self-assembly and drug release behaviors of a bottlebrush polymer-HCPT prodrug for tumor chemotherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 181:278-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Liu Z, Ren F, Zhang H, Yuan Q, Jiang Z, Liu H, Sun Q, Li Z. Boosting often overlooked long wavelength emissions of rare-earth nanoparticles for NIR-II fluorescence imaging of orthotopic glioblastoma. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119364. [PMID: 31352311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth nanoparticles (RE NPs) with narrow long wavelength emissions have been recently investigated for their potential application for fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II). Previously these RE NPs have a very limited application in the diagnosis and treatment of deep-seated tumors such as brain tumors, due to their weak fluorescence in the range of 1300-1700 nm. Herein, we report a significant enhancement of more than 10 times regular emission of NaNdF4 nanoparticles at 1340 nm wavelength by coating them with an inert layer of NaLuF4, followed by sensitizing with a near-infrared dye (IR-808). We deliver these highly bright nanoparticles into the brain by using focused ultrasound to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and then detect the orthotopic glioblastoma by fluorescence imaging at 1340 nm. The images obtained from long wavelength fluorescence (i.e. 1340 nm) exhibited better resolution and contrast compared to the short wavelength fluorescence (i.e. 1060 nm). Our study not only provides insights for enhancing often overlooked emissions of rare-earth nanoparticles for NIR-II fluorescence imaging of deep-seated tumors, but also demonstrates great potential of focused ultrasound based technology in delivering nanotheranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Feng Ren
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, PR China
| | - Zhilin Jiang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Qiao Sun
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
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