1
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Ghaffari B, L T N Porto L, Johnson N, Ovens JS, Ehm C, Baker RT. Copper-Mediated -CF(OCF 3)(CF 2H) Transfer to Organic Electrophiles. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:628-639. [PMID: 39649996 PMCID: PMC11621958 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.4c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024]
Abstract
The integration of fluorine into medicinal compounds has become a widely used strategy to improve the biochemical and therapeutic properties of drugs. Inclusion of -CF2H and -OCF3 fluoroalkyl groups has garnered attention due to their bioisosteric properties, enhanced lipophilicity, and potential hydrogen-bonding capability in bioactive substances. In this study, we prepared a series of stable Cu[CF(OCF3)(CF2H)]L n complexes by insertion of commercially available perfluoro(methyl vinyl ether), CF2=CF(OCF3), into Cu-H bonds derived from Stryker's reagent, [CuH(PPh3)]6, using ancillary ligands L. Notably, certain of these complexes effectively transfer the fluoroalkyl group to aroyl chlorides. Through reaction optimization and computational analysis, we identified dimethylsulfoxide as a pivotal coligand, playing a distinctive role in enabling the fluoroalkylation of a range of aroyl chlorides and aryl iodides. The latter also benefits from addition of CuBr to abstract PPh3, generating solvent-stabilized Cu[CF(OCF3)(CF2H)]. These methodologies allow for the introduction of geminal -OCF3 and -CF2H groups in a single transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Ghaffari
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Luana L T N Porto
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nicole Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S Ovens
- Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Christian Ehm
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universitàdi Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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2
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An Y, Tang XB, Sun DW, Meng TT, Zhao B, Han S, Yang ZQ, Zhang W, Tang N, Zeng JJ, Lu J. Stereoselective synthetic approach toward β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers and diethers via reaction of ( E)-1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene with phenols. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:8344-8354. [PMID: 39318223 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01254b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
A convenient method for synthesizing β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers and diethers through the base-mediated C-O coupling of (E)-1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene and phenols has been developed. Remarkably, the present process shows perfect regioselective and stereoselective yield of the Z/E isomers for β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers with high efficiency. Additionally, β-trifluoromethyl vinyl diethers with identical/diverse phenoxy groups were also obtained and the regulation of the product configuration was achieved. These reactions feature transition-metal-free conditions, wide substrate scope, and atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu An
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Xiao-Bo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Dong-Wei Sun
- Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting-Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Sheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Nian Tang
- Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
| | - Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, 168 Zhangbadong Road, Xi'an City, Shannxi Province, 710065, China.
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3
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Behera M, Dharpure PD, Sahu AK, Bhat RG. Visible Light-Induced Organophotoredox-Catalyzed β-Hydroxytrifluoromethylation of Unactivated Alkenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14695-14709. [PMID: 39380340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a mild transition metal-free organophotoredox-catalyzed approach for β-hydroxytrifluoromethylation of unactivated alkenes using CF3SO2Na and acridinium salt. The protocol is compatible with various mono-, di-, and trisubstituted aliphatic unactivated alkenes containing numerous functional groups and natural product derivatives. Further, the postsynthetic modifications of the synthesized trifluoromethylated products have been demonstrated through cross-coupling and functional group interconversion reactions. The method proved to be scalable and it works smoothly under the direct exposure of sunlight. A plausible mechanism has been proposed based on the fluorescence quenching experiment and cyclic voltammetry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008 Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pankaj D Dharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008 Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajit K Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008 Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramakrishna G Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008 Pune, Maharashtra, India
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4
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West JG. Building Catalytic Reactions One Electron at a Time. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:3068-3078. [PMID: 39317431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusClassical education in organic chemistry and catalysis, not the least my own, has centered on two-electron transformations, from nucleophilic attack to oxidative addition. The focus on two-electron chemistry is well-founded, as this brand of chemistry has enabled incredible feats of synthesis, from the development of life-saving pharmaceuticals to the production of ubiquitous commodity chemicals. With that said, this approach is in many ways complementary to the approach of nature, where enzymes frequently make use of single-electron "radical" steps to achieve challenging reactions with exceptional selectivity, including light detection and C-H hydroxylation. While the power of radical elementary steps is undeniable, the fundamental understanding of─and ability to apply─these in catalysis remains underdeveloped, constraining the palette with which chemists can make new reactions.Motivation to remedy this traditional underemphasis on radical catalysis has been intensified by the runaway success of outer-sphere photoredox catalysis, not only confirming the versatility of radicals in anthropogenic catalysis but also teaching the value of robust and well-understood catalytic cycles for reaction design. Indeed, I would argue the success of outer-sphere photoredox catalysis has been fueled by strong fundamental understanding of its underlying radical elementary steps, with consideration of single-electron transfer (SET) energetics allowing new reactions to be designed de novo with enviable confidence. However, outer-sphere photoredox catalysis is an outlier in this regard, with other mechanistic approaches remaining underexplored.Our research group is part of a growing movement to expand the vocabulary of synthetic radical catalysis beyond the traditional outer-sphere photoredox SET manifold, assembling new cycles comprised of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), light-induced homolysis (LIH), and radical ligand transfer (RLT) steps in new combinations to achieve challenging transformations. These efforts have been made possible by the ever-growing understanding of these radical elementary steps and discovery of catalyst systems with significant mechanistic flexibility, most recently iron/thiol (Fe/S) cocatalysis.In this Account, I will focus on our efforts applying HAT and LIH steps in Fe/S cocatalysis, sharing broad guidelines we have found helpful for using these steps and demonstrating how they can be combined to make new reactions using three case studies: radical hydrogenation (HAT + HAT), decarboxylative protonation (LIH + HAT), and alkene hydrofluoroalkylation (LIH + HAT, with an intervening radical alkene addition). These efforts have highlighted the importance of several key parameters, including bond dissociation energy (BDE) and radical polarity, and I hope our findings similarly provide a valuable framework to others designing new radical catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian G West
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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5
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Sterligov GK, Rasskazova MA, Drokin EA, Isaeva DK, Ageshina AA, Rzhevskiy SA, Shurupova OV, Topchiy MA, Minaeva LI, Asachenko AF. Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-(per)Fluoroalkyl-3-nitro Indoles via Intramolecular Cyclization of Amides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14028-14037. [PMID: 39264970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
A metal-free intramolecular cyclization of N-acyl amides for the synthesis of 3-nitro-2-(per)fluoroalkyl indoles is reported. Good functional group tolerance and a broad range of substrates are the features of this approach. The developed method is easy to operate and is suitable for the preparation of 2-difluoromethyl/trifluoromethyl/perfluoroethyl/perfluoropropyl indoles in yields of 84 to 99%. Also, the application of this protocol in the gram scale is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorii K Sterligov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Rasskazova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor A Drokin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dilshodakhon K Isaeva
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Ageshina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A Rzhevskiy
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V Shurupova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim A Topchiy
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lidiya I Minaeva
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey F Asachenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 29, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Yamaguchi M, Shimao H, Hamasaki K, Nishiwaki K, Kashimura S, Matsumoto K. gem-Difluorination of carbon-carbon triple bonds using Brønsted acid/Bu 4NBF 4 or electrogenerated acid. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2261-2269. [PMID: 39286791 PMCID: PMC11403803 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
gem-Difluorination of carbon-carbon triple bonds was conducted using Brønsted acids, such as Tf2NH and TfOH, combined with Bu4NBF4 as the fluorine source. The electrochemical oxidation of a Bu4NBF4/CH2Cl2 solution containing alkyne substrates could also give the corresponding gem-difluorinated compounds (in-cell method). The ex-cell electrolysis method was also applicable for gem-difluorination of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kengo Hamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kouichi Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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7
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Zhang SP, Guo DW, Yang ML, Xia YT, Yang WC. EDA Complex-Enabled Annulation to Access CF 2-Containing Tetralones and Quinazolinones Using Persulfates as Electron Donors. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10614-10623. [PMID: 39051432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A photocatalyst-free and EDA complex-enabled radical cascade cyclization reaction of inactive alkenes with bromodifluoroacetamides was reported for the divergent synthesis of fluorine-containing tetralones and quinazolinones. In this transformation, persulfates as electron donors and difluoro bromamide as electron acceptors generate the EDA complex. This is a promising photochemical method with advantages such as mild reaction conditions, simple operation, being metal-free, and excellent functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Peng Zhang
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Guo
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Yang
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Tao Xia
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
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8
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Wang Y, Li SJ, Jiang F, Lan Y, Wang X. Making Full Use of TMSCF 3: Deoxygenative Trifluoromethylation/Silylation of Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19286-19294. [PMID: 38956888 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most powerful trifluoromethylation reagents, (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane (TMSCF3) has been widely used for the synthesis of fluorine-containing molecules. However, to the best of our knowledge, the simultaneous incorporation of both TMS- and CF3- groups of this reagent onto the same carbon of the products has not been realized. Herein, we report an unprecedented SmI2/Sm promoted deoxygenative difunctionalization of amides with TMSCF3, in which both silyl and trifluoromethyl groups are incorporated into the final product, yielding α-silyl-α-trifluoromethyl amines with high efficiency. Notably, the silyl group could be further transformed into other functional groups, providing a new method for the synthesis of α-quaternary α-CF3-amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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9
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Purushotam, Bera A, Banerjee D. Recent advances on non-precious metal-catalysed fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, and perfluoroalkylation of N-heteroarenes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9298-9315. [PMID: 37855147 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent advances, from 2015 to 2023, on the introduction of organo-fluorine derivatives at the N-heteroarene core. Notable features considering new technologies based on organofluorine compounds such as: (i) approaches based on non-precious metal catalysis (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, etc.), (ii) the development of new strategies using non-precious metal-catalysts for the introduction of organo-fluorinine derivatives using N-heterocycles with one or more heteroatoms, (iii) newer reagents for fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, or perfluoroalkylation of N-heteroarenes using different approaches, (iv) mechanistic studies on various catalytic transformations, as and when required, and (v) the synthetic applications of various bio-active organo-fluorine compounds, including post-synthetic drug derivatization, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushotam
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Atanu Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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10
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Kuehl NJ, Taylor MT. Rapid Biomolecular Trifluoromethylation Using Cationic Aromatic Sulfonate Esters as Visible-Light-Triggered Radical Photocages. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22878-22884. [PMID: 37819426 PMCID: PMC11076010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Described here is a photodecaging approach to radical trifluoromethylation of biomolecules. This was accomplished by designing a quinolinium sulfonate ester that, upon absorption of visible light, achieves decaging via photolysis of the sulfonate ester to ultimately liberate free trifluoromethyl radicals that are trapped by π-nucleophiles in biomolecules. This photodecaging process enables protein and protein-interaction mapping experiments using trifluoromethyl radicals that require only 1 s reaction times and low photocage concentrations. In these experiments, aromatic side chains are labeled in an environmentally dependent fashion, with selectivity observed for tryptophan (Trp), followed by histidine (His) and tyrosine (Tyr). Scalable peptide trifluoromethylation through photodecaging is also demonstrated, where bespoke peptides harboring trifluoromethyl groups at tryptophan residues can be synthesized with 5-7 min reaction times and good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Kuehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, United States
| | - Michael T. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
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11
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Zhou Y, Doi R, Ogoshi S. Difluoromethylene insertion into fluoroalkyl copper complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11504-11507. [PMID: 37675966 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03481j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the insertion of a difluoromethylene into 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-2-arylethyl copper complexes to synthesize extended perfluoroalkyl-bridged compounds that have various functional groups on each edge (ArCF2CF2(CF2)nR, R = arenes, halogens, alkyl, alkenyl, and benzyloxycarbonyl). Further, the one-pot syntheses of perfluoroalkyl-bridged compounds from aryl boronic acid esters were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Doi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Sensuke Ogoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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12
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Sun Y, Zhang SP, Yang WC. Divergent Construction of Thiochromanes and N-Arylbutanamides via Arylthiodifluoromethyl Radical-Triggered Cascade of Alkenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13279-13290. [PMID: 37650696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A strategy utilizing silver-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation radical cascade cyclization of arylthiodifluoroacetic acids with alkenes for the simple and efficient preparation of difluoromethylated thiochromanes and 2,2-disubstituted-N-arylbutanamides derivatives has been developed. This approach includes good functional group tolerance, easily accessible starting materials, and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Peng Zhang
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Guangling College and School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
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13
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Lin D, Coe M, Krishnamurti V, Ispizua-Rodriguez X, Surya Prakash GK. Recent Advances in Visible Light-Mediated Radical Fluoro-alkylation, -alkoxylation, -alkylthiolation, -alkylselenolation, and -alkylamination. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300104. [PMID: 37212421 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, many reagents and protocols have been developed to allow for the efficient fluorofunctionalization of a diverse set of scaffolds ranging from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and (hetero)arenes. The concomitant rise of organofluorine chemistry and visible light-mediated synthesis have synergistically expanded the fields and have mutually benefitted from developments in both fields. In this context, visible light driven formations of radicals containing fluorine have been a major focus for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. This review details the recent advances and progress made in visible light-mediated fluoroalkylation and heteroatom centered radical generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Coe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vinayak Krishnamurti
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xanath Ispizua-Rodriguez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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14
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Zhao H, Gu Y, Shen Q. [(SIPr)Ag(CF 2 H)]: A Shelf-Stable, Versatile Difluoromethylation Reagent. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300124. [PMID: 37194962 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to its unique physical and electrophilic properties, the difluoromethyl group (-CF2 H) has been playing an irreplaceable role in the field of pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry. Methods that could efficiently incorporate the difluoromethyl group into the target molecules are increasing in the recent years. Developing a stable and efficient difluoromethylating reagent is thus highly attractive. In this review, we describe the development of a nucleophilic difluoromethylation reagent [(SIPr)Ag(CF2 H)], including its elemental reaction, difluoromethylation reaction with different types of electrophiles, and its application in the synthesis of a nucleophilic and an electrophilic difluoromethylthiolating reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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15
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Gallego-Gamo A, Granados A, Pleixats R, Gimbert-Suriñach C, Vallribera A. Difluoroalkylation of Anilines via Photoinduced Methods. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12585-12596. [PMID: 37585266 PMCID: PMC10476199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of sustainable and mild protocols for the fluoroalkylation of organic backbones is of current interest in chemical organic synthesis. Herein, we present operationally simple and practical transition-metal-free methods for the preparation of difluoroalkyl anilines. First, a visible-light organophotocatalytic system working via oxidative quenching is described, providing access to a wide range of difluoroalkyl anilines under mild conditions. In addition, the formation of an unprecedented electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between anilines and ethyl difluoroiodoacetate is reported and exploited as an alternative, efficient, and straightforward strategy to prepare difluoroalkyl derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gallego-Gamo
- Department of Chemistry and
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Granados
- Department of Chemistry and
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department of Chemistry and
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gimbert-Suriñach
- Department of Chemistry and
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adelina Vallribera
- Department of Chemistry and
Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Kuninobu Y. Regioselective C-H Trifluoromethylation and Its Related Reactions of (Hetero)aromatic Compounds. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300003. [PMID: 36899485 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated functional groups, including trifluoromethyl group, play important roles in the development of drugs, agrochemicals, and organic functional materials. Therefore, the development of highly effective and practical reactions to introduce fluorinated functional groups into (hetero)aromatic compounds is highly desirable. We have achieved several regioselective C-H trifluoromethylation and related reactions by electrophilic and nucleophilic activation of six-membered heteroaromatic compounds and steric protection of aromatic compounds. These reactions proceed in good to excellent yields, even on a gram scale, with high functional group tolerance, and are applicable to the regioselective trifluoromethylation of drug molecules. In this personal account, the background of the introduction reactions of fluorinated functional groups, our reaction designs to achieve regioselective C-H trifluoromethylation and the related reactions of (hetero)aromatic compounds are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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17
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Firuz ME, Rajai-Daryasarei S, Rominger F, Biglari A, Balalaie S. Mn-Mediated Direct Regioselective C-H Trifluoromethylation of Imidazopyridines and Quinoxalines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37471701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
A simple and highly efficient strategy has been developed for direct C-H trifluoromethylation at C-3 of imidazopyridines and C-8 of quinoxalines with readily available Langlois reagent through KMnO4/AcOH system. This protocol showed broad substrate scope and afforded moderate-to-excellent yields of both products. It is the first report that the functionalization of quinoxalines occurred regioselectively at the C-8 position of quinoxalines. Mechanistic studies revealed that reaction proceeded via radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Esi Firuz
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran 19697-64499, Iran
| | - Saideh Rajai-Daryasarei
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran 19697-64499, Iran
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 271, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Abbas Biglari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Prof. Sobouti Boulevard, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran 19697-64499, Iran
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18
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Toda Y, Kobayashi T, Hirai F, Yano T, Oikawa M, Sukegawa K, Shimizu M, Ito F, Suga H. Visible-Light-Driven C-H Imidation of Arenes and Heteroarenes by a Phosphonium Ylide Organophotoredox Catalyst: Application to C-H Functionalization of Alkenes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphonium ylide catalysis through an oxidative quenching cycle has been developed for visible-light-driven C-H imidation of arenes and heteroarenes. The present protocol could be applied not only to trihalomethylative lactonization reactions involving trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, and tribromomethyl radicals but also to the first example of an organophotoredox-catalyzed imidative lactonization reaction involving a nitrogen-centered electrophilic radical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Toda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Toya Kobayashi
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Fumiya Hirai
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yano
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Makoto Oikawa
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Kimiya Sukegawa
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shimizu
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Education, Shinshu University, Nagano 380-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suga
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
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19
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Liu J, Zhang W, Tao X, Wang Q, Wang X, Pan Y, Ma J, Yan L, Wang Y. Photoredox Microfluidic Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Amino Acids. Org Lett 2023; 25:3083-3088. [PMID: 37087760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated amino acids are a class of highly valuable building blocks that are widely employed in biological science and pharmaceutical industry for improved stability, activity, and folding property of proteins. However, the synthetic approach has conventionally been constrained by harsh conditions and limited substrate range. We demonstrate a general synthetic protocol for photoinduced α-CF3 amino acids using continuous flow technology that benefits from enhanced fusion and precise control of reaction time, making it potentially useful in large-scale peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiangzhang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Liang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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20
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Popov AV, Kobelevskaya VA, Borodin NI, Zinchenko SV. α,β-Unsaturated CF3-ketones via secondary amine salts-catalyzed aldol condensation of 1,1,1-trufluoroacetone with aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes. J Fluor Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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21
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Feng Y, Chang B, Ren Y, Zhao F, Wang KH, Wang J, Huang D, Lv X, Hu Y. Synthesis of trifluoromethylpyrrolopyrazole derivatives via [3+2] cycloaddition of trifluoromethyl N-acylhydrazones or trifluoroacetohydrazonoyl bromides with maleimides. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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22
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Liu J, Xiao Y, Hao J, Shen Q. Copper-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of (Hetero)aryl Boronic Acid Pinacol Esters with YlideFluor. Org Lett 2023; 25:1204-1208. [PMID: 36779647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylation of (hetero)arylboronic acid pinacol esters with YlideFluor for the preparation of trifluoromethylated (hetero)arenes was described. The reaction conditions are mild and compatible with a broad range of functional groups. Heteroaryl boronic acid pinacol esters could also be trifluoromethylated in high yields. Application of this protocol for trifluoromethylation of drug and OLED molecules was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yisa Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jian Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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23
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Cong F, Mega RS, Chen J, Day CS, Martin R. Trifluoromethylation of Carbonyl and Unactivated Olefin Derivatives by C(sp 3 )-C Bond Cleavage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 62:e202214633. [PMID: 36416716 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a Cu-mediated trifluoromethylation of carbonyl-type compounds and unactivated olefins enabled by visible-light irradiation via σ C(sp3 )-C bond-functionalization. The reaction is distinguished by its modularity, mild conditions and wide scope-even in the context of late-stage functionalization-thus offering a complementary approach en route to valuable C(sp3 )-CF3 architectures from easily accessible precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cong
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel ⋅ lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Riccardo S Mega
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel ⋅ lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S Day
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel ⋅ lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Tagami K, Ofuji Y, Kanbara T, Yajima T. Metal-free visible-light-induced hydroxy-perfluoroalkylation of conjugated olefins using enamine catalyst. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32790-32795. [PMID: 36425182 PMCID: PMC9667149 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06679c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a simple and sustainable method for the hydroxy-perfluoroalkylation of electron-deficient conjugated olefins and styrenes. In this protcol, in situ generated enamine forms electron-donor-accepter (EDA) complexes with perfluoroalkyl iodide, and reaction proceed with visible-light irradiation. Tertiary amine also interacts with perfluoroalkyl iodide via halogen-bonding, promoting the perfluoroalkyl radical generation. This reaction does not require any transition-metal or photoredox catalyst, and gaseous oxygen is used as the green hydroxy source. Moreover, various commercially available substrates and perfluoroalkyl iodides were tolerated, affording the desired hydroxy-perfluoroalkylated products in good to moderate yields (>50 examples, up to 90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Koto Tagami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Yu Ofuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Tadashi Kanbara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
| | - Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan
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25
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Mudshinge SR, Hammond GB, Umemoto T. Synthesis and applications of S-(trifluoromethyl)-2,8-bis(trifluoromethoxy)dibenzothiophenium triflate (Umemoto reagent IV). J Fluor Chem 2022; 261-262:110015. [PMID: 36246852 PMCID: PMC9558500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new, powerful, and easy-to-handle electrophilic trifluoromethylating agent, S-(trifluoromethyl)-2,8-bis(trifluoromethoxy)dibenzothiophenium triflate (Umemoto reagent IV), was developed. Due to the extraordinary electronic effect of trifluoromethoxy group, Umemoto reagent IV was easily synthesized by a one-pot method from readily available 3,3'-bis(trifluoromethoxy)biphenyl. It was shown that Umemoto reagent IV was more powerful than Umemoto reagent II and could trifluoromethylate many kinds of nucleophilic substrates more effectively. In addition, Umemoto reagent IV was successfully utilized for the preparation of trifluoromethyl nonaflate, a useful trifluoromethoxylating agent. The direct conversion of 2,8-bis(trifluoromethoxy)dibenzothiophene to Umemoto reagent IV with triflic anhydride was achieved, albeit in low yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar R Mudshinge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Gerald B Hammond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Teruo Umemoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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26
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Vayer M, Mayer RJ, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Leveraging the Hydroarylation of α-(Trifluoromethyl)styrenes to Access Trifluoromethylated All-Carbon Quaternary Centers. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Vayer
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR
7006, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Robert J. Mayer
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR
7006, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR
7006, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Lebœuf
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR
7006, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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27
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Mestre J, Bernús M, Castillón S, Boutureira O. Electrophilic Reagents for the Direct Incorporation of Uncommon SCF 2CF 2H and SCF 2CF 3 Motifs. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10791-10806. [PMID: 35944166 PMCID: PMC9400389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of fluoroalkylthioether groups has attracted the attention of the drug-discovery community given the special physicochemical and pharmacokinetic features they confer to bioactive compounds, yet these are often limited to standard SCF3 and SCF2H moieties. Herein, two saccharin-based electrophilic reagents have been disclosed for the incorporation of uncommon SCF2CF2H and SCF2CF3 motifs. Their reactivity performance, multigram-scale preparation, and divergent derivatization have been thoroughly investigated with a variety of nucleophiles, including natural products and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergio Castillón
- Departament de Química
Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química
Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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28
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Liu W, Liu C, Wang M, Kong W. Modular Synthesis of Multifunctionalized CF 3-Allenes through Selective Activation of Saturated Hydrocarbons. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Chuhan Liu
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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29
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Solomon NSD, Bhadbhade M, Tian R, Keaveney ST. Nickel and palladium catalyzed C‐H trifluoromethylation using trifluoromethyliodide: investigations into new reactivity. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. D. Solomon
- Macquarie University Faculty of Science: Macquarie University Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Molecular Sciences AUSTRALIA
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- University of New South Wales - Kensington Campus: University of New South Wales Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre AUSTRALIA
| | - Ruoming Tian
- University of New South Wales - Kensington Campus: University of New South Wales Solid State & Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre AUSTRALIA
| | - Sinead Teresa Keaveney
- University of Wollongong School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience Northfields Avenue 2522 Wollongong AUSTRALIA
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30
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Granados A, Dhungana RK, Sharique M, Majhi J, Molander GA. From Styrenes to Fluorinated Benzyl Bromides: A Photoinduced Difunctionalization via Atom Transfer Radical Addition. Org Lett 2022; 24:4750-4755. [PMID: 35766376 PMCID: PMC10412001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An operationally simple and practical method is disclosed to achieve the difunctionalization of styrenes, generating fluorinated benzyl bromides via a photoinduced atom transfer radical addition process. The developed method is mild, atom-economical, cost-effective, employs very low photocatalyst loading (1000 ppm), and is highly compatible with a broad range of functional groups on styrene. The versatility of the fluorinated benzyl bromides is demonstrated through their derivatization to a variety of valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jadab Majhi
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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31
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Azimi SB, Asnaashariisfahani M, Azizi B, Mohammadi E, Ghaffar Ebadi A, Vessally E. Hydro-trifluoromethyl(thiol)ation of alkenes: a review*. J Sulphur Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2022.2072687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Bahareh Azimi
- Assessment and Environment Risks Department, Research Center of Envirnment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bayan Azizi
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | | | - Abdol Ghaffar Ebadi
- Department of Agriculture, Jouybar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jouybar, Iran
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Zhou FY, Jiao L. Asymmetric Defluoroallylation of 4-Trifluoromethylpyridines Enabled by Umpolung C-F Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201102. [PMID: 35274435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-fluorine bond activation of the trifluoromethyl group represents an important approach to fluorine-containing molecules. While selective defluorinative functionalization reactions of CF3 -containing substrates have been achieved by invoking difluorocarbocation, difluorocarboradical, or difluoroorganometallic species as the key intermediates, the transformations via fluorocarbanion mechanism only achieved limited success. Furthermore, the enantioselective defluorinative transformation of the CF3 group remained a formidable challenge. Here we report a defluorinative functionalization reaction of 4-trifluoromethylpyridines involving difluoro(pyrid-4-yl)methyl anion as the key intermediate, which was developed based upon our previous studies on the N-boryl pyridyl anion chemistry. In particular, asymmetric defluoroallylation of 4-trifluoromethylpyridines and -pyrimidines could be achieved by using Ir-catalysis to forge a difluoroalkyl-substituted chiral center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yu Zhou
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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33
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Goswami P, Cho SY, Park JH, Kim WH, Kim HJ, Shin MH, Bae HY. Efficient access to general α-tertiary amines via water-accelerated organocatalytic multicomponent allylation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2702. [PMID: 35577799 PMCID: PMC9110412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30281-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A tetrasubstituted carbon atom connected by three sp3 or sp2-carbons with single nitrogen, i.e., the α-tertiary amine (ATA) functional group, is an essential structure of diverse naturally occurring alkaloids and pharmaceuticals. The synthetic approach toward ATA structures is intricate, therefore, a straightforward catalytic method has remained a substantial challenge. Here we show an efficient water-accelerated organocatalytic method to directly access ATA incorporating homoallylic amine structures by exploiting readily accessible general ketones as useful starting material. The synergistic action of a hydrophobic Brønsted acid in combination with a squaramide hydrogen-bonding donor under aqueous condition enabled the facile formation of the desired moiety. The developed exceptionally mild but powerful system facilitated a broad substrate scope, and enabled efficient multi-gram scalability. The α-tertiary amine functional group is an essential structure of diverse naturally occurring alkaloids and pharmaceuticals. Here the authors show an efficient water-accelerated organocatalytic method to access α-tertiary amines incorporating homoallylic amine structures by exploiting ketones as useful starting material.
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34
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Zhou FY, Jiao L. Asymmetric Defluoroallylation of 4‐Trifluoromethylpyridines Enabled by Umpolung C‐F Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yu Zhou
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Lei Jiao
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry Meng Man Wai Building of Science and Technology, RM S-907Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing CHINA
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35
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Murtaza A, Qamar MA, Saleem K, Hardwick T, Zia Ul Haq, Shirinfar B, Ahmed N. Renewable Electricity Enables Green Routes to Fine Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100296. [PMID: 35103382 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of chemicals using renewable electricity and when generating high atom economies are considered green and sustainable processes. In the present state of affairs, electrochemical manufacturing of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals is not as common place as it could be and therefore, merits more attention. There is also a need to turn attention toward the electrochemical synthesis of valuable chemicals from recyclable greenhouse gases that can accelerate the process of circular economy. CO2 emissions are the major contributor to human-induced global warming. CO2 conversion into chemicals is a valuable application of its utilisation and will contribute to circular economy while maintaining environmental sustainability. Herein, we present an overview of electro-carboxylation, including mechanistic aspects, which forms carboxylic acids using molecular carbon dioxide. We also discuss atom economies of electrochemical fluorination, methoxylation and amide formation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Murtaza
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais Qamar
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Kaynat Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Tomas Hardwick
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Zia Ul Haq
- Chemical Engineering department, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan
| | | | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
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36
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Yao R, Ling Y, Chen W, Lu L, Shen Q. Kilogram-Scale Preparation of the Easily Available, Low-Cost Electrophilic Trifluomethylating Reagent YlideFluor. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yijing Ling
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, 2588 Changyang Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Long Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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37
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Lemmens V, Vos C, Bugaev AL, Vercammen J, Van Velthoven N, Gascon J, De Vos DE. Ru-Bipyridine Entrapped in the Supercages of EMC-1 Faujasite as Catalyst for the Trifluoromethylation of Arenes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:971-977. [PMID: 34958546 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethyl (CF3) groups are versatile structural motifs especially in the field of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. However, current trifluoromethylation reactions are generally associated with stoichiometric amounts of transition metals/metal oxidants, homogeneous catalysts, high temperatures, and expensive trifluoromethylating agents. In this work, the homogeneous photocatalyst Ru(bipy)32+ is entrapped in the pores of a faujasite support (EMC-1) via a "ship-in-a-bottle" strategy. The formation of the coordination compound was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Due to its high stability toward acidified environments, this single-site heterogeneous catalyst is suitable for the trifluoromethylation of synthetically interesting (hetero)arenes under visible-light irradiation at room temperature. Furthermore, the heterogeneous catalyst could efficiently be reused for at least three times with minimal catalyst leaching/deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lemmens
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACs), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Christophe Vos
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACs), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Aram L Bugaev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Jannick Vercammen
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACs), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Niels Van Velthoven
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACs), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACs), KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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38
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Birepinte M, Champagne PA, Paquin J. Photoinitiated
anti
‐Hydropentafluorosulfanylation of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Birepinte
- CCVC, PROTEO Département de chimie Université Laval 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Jean‐François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO Département de chimie Université Laval 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
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39
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Gu Q, Cheng Z, Zeng X. Electrochemical Oxidative Trifluoromethylation of α-Oxoketene Ketene Dithioacetals with CF 3SO 2Na. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Wang H, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Cen N, Chen W. Catalyst-free, direct electrochemical trifluoromethylation/cyclization of N-arylacrylamides using TfNHNHBoc as a CF3 source. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Miyashita K, Fujisaka A, Aomatsu D, Kakutani Y, Terai R, Sakaguchi K, Ikejiri M. Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Derivatives of Quinoline and Isoquinoline. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Baishya G, Dutta NB. Recent Advances in Direct C−H Trifluoromethylation of N‐Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gakul Baishya
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Nibedita B. Dutta
- Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology Jorhat 785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Rain Forest Research Institute Jorhat 785001 India
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43
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Abegg D, Tomanik M, Qiu N, Pechalrieu D, Shuster A, Commare B, Togni A, Herzon SB, Adibekian A. Chemoproteomic Profiling by Cysteine Fluoroalkylation Reveals Myrocin G as an Inhibitor of the Nonhomologous End Joining DNA Repair Pathway. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20332-20342. [PMID: 34817176 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemoproteomic profiling of cysteines has emerged as a powerful method for screening the proteome-wide targets of cysteine-reactive fragments, drugs, and natural products. Herein, we report the development and an in-depth evaluation of a tetrafluoroalkyl benziodoxole (TFBX) as a cysteine-selective chemoproteomic probe. We show that this probe features numerous key improvements compared to the traditionally used cysteine-reactive probes, including a superior target occupancy, faster labeling kinetics, and broader proteomic coverage, thus enabling profiling of cysteines directly in live cells. In addition, the fluorine "signature" of probe 7 constitutes an additional advantage resulting in a more confident adduct-amino acid site assignment in mass-spectrometry-based identification workflows. We demonstrate the utility of our new probe for proteome-wide target profiling by identifying the cellular targets of (-)-myrocin G, an antiproliferative fungal natural product with a to-date unknown mechanism of action. We show that this natural product and a simplified analogue target the X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (XRCC5), an ATP-dependent DNA helicase that primes DNA repair machinery for nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) upon DNA double-strand breaks, making them the first reported inhibitors of this biomedically highly important protein. We further demonstrate that myrocins disrupt the interaction of XRCC5 with DNA leading to sensitization of cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide as well as UV-light-induced DNA damage. Altogether, our next-generation cysteine-reactive probe enables broader and deeper profiling of the cysteinome, rendering it a highly attractive tool for elucidation of targets of electrophilic small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Nan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Dany Pechalrieu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Anton Shuster
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Bruno Commare
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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44
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Recent Advances on the Halo- and Cyano-Trifluoromethylation of Alkenes and Alkynes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237221. [PMID: 34885802 PMCID: PMC8659293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of fluorine into organic molecules is a well-established strategy in the design of advanced materials, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Among numerous modern synthetic approaches, functionalization of unsaturated bonds with simultaneous addition of trifluoromethyl group along with other substituents is currently one of the most attractive methods undergoing wide-ranging development. In this review article, we discuss the most significant contributions made in this area during the last decade (2012−2021). The reactions reviewed in this work include chloro-, bromo-, iodo-, fluoro- and cyano-trifluoromethylation of alkenes and alkynes.
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45
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Beller M, Fischer F, Locher A, Neumann H, Taeschler C, Ye F, Zhang S. Recent Developments and Aspects of Industrial Fluoroalkylation. Chimia (Aarau) 2021; 75:923-935. [PMID: 34798914 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2021.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroalkylations have received increasing attention in the academic and industrial environment due to the particular properties of the active ingredients that are strongly influenced by fluoroalkyl substituents. The inherent difficulties of introducing a fluoroalkyl substituent into advanced intermediates has triggered the development of an enormous number of specialized reagents, which, however, are often not suitable for large scale applications. In contrast to this reagent based fluoroalkylation approach, the direct activation of industrially readily available fluoroalkyl halides could be more suitable for a large-scale process. In this way the dithionite initiated fluoroalkylation as well as newly developed catalytically activated fluoroalkylation protocols were considered for industrial large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | - Florian Fischer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | | | - Helfried Neumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | | | - Fei Ye
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | - Shaoke Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
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46
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Wang Y, Velkos G, Israel NJ, Rosenkranz M, Büchner B, Liu F, Popov AA. Electrophilic Trifluoromethylation of Dimetallofullerene Anions en Route to Air-Stable Single-Molecule Magnets with High Blocking Temperature of Magnetization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18139-18149. [PMID: 34669376 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide dimetallofullerenes with single-electron M-M bonds are an important class of single molecular magnets and qubit candidates, but stabilization of their unique electronic and spin structure in the form of a neutral molecule requires functionalization of the fullerene cage with a single radical group. The lack of selectivity of the currently available procedure results in a complicated and tedious separation process. Here we demonstrate that electrophilic trifluoromethylation of a mixture of metallofullerene anions with Umemoto reagent II is highly selective toward M2@C80- (M = Tb, Y) anions, yielding M2@C80(CF3) monoadducts as the main reaction product. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction study proved attachment of the CF3 group to the pentagon/hexagon/hexagon junction and revealed that positions of metal atoms inside the fullerene cage in the cocrystal with NiOEP are strongly related to the position of the porphyrin moieties. Magnetic characterization of Tb2@C80(CF3) showed that it is a robust single-molecule magnet with broad magnetic hysteresis, 100 s blocking temperature of 25 K, and the relaxation barrier of 801(4) K, corresponding to the flipping of the Tb magnetic moment in the strongly ferromagnetically coupled [Tb3+-e-Tb3+] spin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Georgios Velkos
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Noel Jens Israel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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47
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Teng S, Meng L, Xu B, Tu G, Wu P, Liao Z, Tan Y, Guo J, Zeng J, Wan Q. Togni‐II
Reagent Mediated Selective Hydrotrifluoromethylation and Hydrothiolation of Alkenes
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Teng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Lingkui Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Bingbing Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Guangsheng Tu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Peng Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Zhiwen Liao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yulin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jian Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Qian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
- Institute of Brain Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
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48
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Birepinte M, Champagne PA, Paquin JF. Photoinitiated anti-Hydropentafluorosulfanylation of Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112575. [PMID: 34716642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A photoinitiated anti-hydropentafluorosulfanylation of terminal alkynes using SF5 Cl and (TMS)3 SiH as the hydrogen atom donor is reported. This transformation generates selectively (Z)-(1-alken-1-yl)pentafluoro-λ6 -sulfanes (Z:E : >85:15), thus allowing the preparation of this previously unknown geometrical isomer. DFT calculations highlight that the selectivity is due to the intrinsic preference of SF5 -substituted vinylic radicals to adopt a cis geometry, and to increased steric contacts during the transition structures leading to the minor (E)-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Birepinte
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- CCVC, PROTEO, Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
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49
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Mei L, Moutet J, Stull SM, Gianetti TL. Synthesis of CF 3-Containing Spirocyclic Indolines via a Red-Light-Mediated Trifluoromethylation/Dearomatization Cascade. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10640-10653. [PMID: 34255497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A red-light-mediated nPr-DMQA+-catalyzed cascade intramolecular trifluoromethylation and dearomatization of indole derivatives with Umemoto's reagent has been developed. This protocol provides a facile and efficient approach for the construction of functionalized and potentially biologically important CF3-containing 3,3-spirocyclic indolines with moderate to high yields and excellent diastereoselectivities under mild conditions. The success of multiple gram-scale (1 and 10 g) experiments further highlights the robustness and practicality of this protocol and the merit of the employment of red light. Mechanistic studies support the formation of a crucial CF3 radical species and a dearomatized benzyl carbocation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Mei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jules Moutet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Savannah M Stull
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Thomas L Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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Castillo-Pazos DJ, Lasso JD, Li CJ. Modern methods for the synthesis of perfluoroalkylated aromatics. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7116-7128. [PMID: 34346478 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01122g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl-containing substances (PFAS), have become omnipresent materials in the modern world for both commercial and research applications. Compounds such as perfluoroalkylated arenes and heteroarenes have found uses in surfactants, lubricants, and flame retardants as a result of their astonishing chemical stability. Consequently, the synthesis of such compounds encompasses a large body of scientific articles and patents developed in the previous century. Most recent reviews on this subject have thus focused on summarizing this traditional literature, and have thereby spurred the development of a new wave of reaction manifolds employing modern synthesis principles. This new generation of methodologies focuses on the greener synthesis of perfluoroalkylated aromatic scaffolds, through the use of more efficient organometallic reactions, as well as by photochemical and electrochemical strategies. Herein, we will summarize this cohort of reactions while highlighting current challenges and future desirable outcomes for their environmentally friendly synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durbis J Castillo-Pazos
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0B8, Canada.
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