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Andrés-Sanz D, Diamanti E, Di Silvo D, Gurauskis J, López-Gallego F. Selective Coimmobilization of His-Tagged Enzymes on Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconia-Based Membranes for Continuous Asymmetric Bioreductions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4285-4296. [PMID: 35020352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scalability, process control, and modularity are some of the advantages that make flow biocatalysis a key-enabling technology for green and sustainable chemistry. In this context, rigid porous solid membranes hold the promise to expand the toolbox of flow biocatalysis due to their chemical stability and inertness. Yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) fulfills these properties; however, it has been scarcely exploited as a carrier for enzymes. Here, we discovered an unprecedented interaction between YSZ materials and His-tagged enzymes that enables the fabrication of multifunctional biocatalytic membranes for bioredox cascades. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that enzyme immobilization is driven by coordination interactions between the imidazole groups of His-tags and both Zr and Y atoms. As model enzymes, we coimmobilized in-flow a thermophilic hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (TtHBDH-His) and a formate dehydrogenase (His-CbFDH) for the continuous asymmetric reduction of ethyl acetoacetate with in situ redox cofactor recycling. Fluorescence confocal microscopy deciphered the spatial organization of the two coimmobilized enzymes, pointing out the importance of the coimmobilization sequence. Finally, the coimmobilized system succeeded in situ, recycling the redox cofactor, maintaining the specific productivity using only 0.05 mM NADH, and accumulating a total enzyme turnover number of 4000 in 24 h. This work presents YSZ materials as ready-to-use carriers for the site-directed enzyme in-flow immobilization and the application of the resulting heterogeneous biocatalysts for continuous biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andrés-Sanz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Desirè Di Silvo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jonas Gurauskis
- INMA, Aragón Nanoscience and Materials Institute (CSIC-Unizar), Calle Mariano Esquillor 15, Edificio CIRCE, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID, Aragonese Agency for Research and Development, Av. de Ranillas 1-D, planta 2a̲, Oficina B, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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2
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An integrative approach to improving the biocatalytic reactions of whole cells expressing recombinant enzymes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:105. [PMID: 34037845 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation is a selective, stereospecific, efficient, and environment friendly method, compared to chemical synthesis, and a feasible tool for industrial and pharmaceutical applications. The design of biocatalysts using enzyme engineering and metabolic engineering tools has been widely reviewed. However, less importance has been given to the biocatalytic reaction of whole cells expressing recombinant enzymes. Along with the remarkable development of biotechnology tools, a variety of techniques have been applied to improve the biocatalytic reaction of whole cell biotransformation. In this review, techniques related to the biocatalytic reaction are examined, reorganized, and summarized via an integrative approach. Moreover, equilibrium-shifted biotransformation is reviewed for the first time.
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3
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Orrego AH, Andrés-Sanz D, Velasco-Lozano S, Sanchez-Costa M, Berenguer J, Guisan JM, Rocha-Martin J, López-Gallego F. Self-sufficient asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters catalysed by a novel and robust thermophilic alcohol dehydrogenase co-immobilised with NADH. Catal Sci Technol 2021; 11:3217-3230. [PMID: 34094502 PMCID: PMC8111925 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00268f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
β-Hydroxyesters are essential building blocks utilised by the pharmaceutical and food industries in the synthesis of functional products. Beyond the conventional production methods based on chemical catalysis or whole-cell synthesis, the asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters with cell-free enzymes is gaining relevance. To this end, a novel thermophilic (S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase from Thermus thermophilus HB27 (Tt27-HBDH) has been expressed, purified and biochemically characterised, determining its substrate specificity towards β-ketoesters and its dependence on NADH as a cofactor. The immobilization of Tt27-HBDH on agarose macroporous beads and its subsequent coating with polyethyleneimine has been found the best strategy to increase the stability and workability of the heterogeneous biocatalyst. Furthermore, we have embedded NADH in the cationic layer attached to the porous surface of the carrier. Since Tt27-HBDH catalyses cofactor recycling through 2-propanol oxidation, we achieve a self-sufficient heterogeneous biocatalyst where NADH is available for the immobilised enzymes but its lixiviation to the reaction bulk is avoided. Taking advantage of the autofluorescence of NADH, we demonstrate the activity of the enzyme towards the immobilised cofactor through single-particle analysis. Finally, we tested the operational stability in the asymmetric reduction of β-ketoesters in batch, succeeding in the reuse of both the enzyme and the co-immobilised cofactor up to 10 reaction cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro H Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Daniel Andrés-Sanz
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - Mercedes Sanchez-Costa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José Berenguer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Center for Molecular Biology Severo-Ochoa (UAM-CSIC) Nicolás Cabrera 1 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - José M Guisan
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP), CSIC Campus UAM, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science María Díaz de Haro 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
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4
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Martins de Oliveira S, Velasco-Lozano S, Orrego AH, Rocha-Martín J, Moreno-Pérez S, Fraile JM, López-Gallego F, Guisán JM. Functionalization of Porous Cellulose with Glyoxyl Groups as a Carrier for Enzyme Immobilization and Stabilization. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:927-937. [PMID: 33423456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of the internal surface of macroporous carriers with glyoxyl groups has proven to highly stabilize a large variety of enzymes through multipoint covalent immobilization. In this work, we have translated the surface chemistry developed for the fabrication of glyoxyl-agarose carriers to macroporous cellulose (CEL). To that aim, CEL-based microbeads were functionalized with glyoxyl groups through a stepwise alkoxylation (or alkylation)/oxidation synthetic scheme. This functionalization sequence was analyzed by solid-state NMR, while the scanning electron miscroscopy of CEL microbeads reveals that the mild oxidation conditions negligibly affect the morphological properties of the material. Through the optimal functionalization protocol using rac-glycidol, we introduce up to 200 μmols of aldehyde groups per gram of wet CEL, a similar density to the one obtained for the benchmarked agarose-glyoxyl carrier. This novel CEL-based carrier succeeds to immobilize and stabilize industrially relevant enzymes such as d-amino acid oxidase from Trigonopsis variabilis and xylanases from Trichoderma reseei. Remarkably, the xylanases immobilized on the optimal CEL-based materials present a half-life time of 51 h at 60 °C and convert up to 90% of the xylan after four operation cycles for the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Martins de Oliveira
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alejandro H Orrego
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martín
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Pérez
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - José M Fraile
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna, 12, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Guisán
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry (ICP) CSIC, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Zlatopolskiy BD, Endepols H, Krasikova RN, Fedorova OS, Ermert J, Neumaier B. 11C- and 18F-labelled tryptophans as PET-tracers for imaging of altered tryptophan metabolism in age-associated disorders. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The ageing of the world’s population is the result of increased life expectancy observed in almost all countries throughout the world. Consequently, a rising tide of ageing-associated disorders, like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, represents one of the main global challenges of the 21st century. The ability of mankind to overcome these challenges is directly dependent on the capability to develop novel methods for therapy and diagnosis of age-associated diseases. One hallmark of age-related pathologies is an altered tryptophan metabolism. Numerous pathological processes including neurodegenerative and neurological diseases like epilepsy, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, cancer and diabetes exhibit marked changes in tryptophan metabolism. Visualization of key processes of tryptophan metabolic pathways, especially using positron emission tomography (PET) and related hybrid methods like PET/CT and PET/MRI, can be exploited to early detect the aforementioned disorders with considerable accuracy, allowing appropriate and timely treatment of patients. Here we review the published 11C- and 18F-labelled tryptophans with respect to the production and also preclinical and clinical evaluation as PET-tracers for visualization of different branches of tryptophan metabolism.
The bibliography includes 159 references.
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Pulagam KR, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Rejc L. Radiochemistry: A Useful Tool in the Ophthalmic Drug Discovery. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:501-522. [PMID: 31142249 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190530122032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) are ultra-sensitive, fully translational and minimally invasive nuclear imaging techniques capable of tracing the spatiotemporal distribution of positron (PET) or gamma (SPECT) emitter-labeled molecules after administration into a living organism. Besides their impact in the clinical diagnostic, PET and SPECT are playing an increasing role in the process of drug development, both during the evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of new chemical entities as well as in the proof of concept, proof of mechanism and proof of efficacy studies. However, they have been scarcely applied in the context of ophthalmic drugs. In this paper, the basics of nuclear imaging and radiochemistry are briefly discussed, and the few examples of the use of these imaging modalities in ophthalmic drug development reported in the literature are presented and discussed. Finally, in a purely theoretical exercise, some labeling strategies that could be applied to the preparation of selected ophthalmic drugs are proposed and potential applications of nuclear imaging in ophthalmology are projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
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7
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Velasco‐Lozano S, Santiago‐Arcos J, Mayoral JA, López‐Gallego F. Co‐immobilization and Colocalization of Multi‐Enzyme Systems for the Cell‐Free Biosynthesis of Aminoalcohols. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco‐Lozano
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas Instituto de Sïntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Javier Santiago‐Arcos
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramon 194 20014 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
| | - José A. Mayoral
- Catálisis Heterogénea en Síntesis Orgánicas Selectivas Instituto de Sïntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Fernando López‐Gallego
- Heterogeneous biocatalysis laboratory Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramon 194 20014 Donostia San Sebastián Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Maria Diaz de Haro 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
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8
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Deng X, Rong J, Wang L, Vasdev N, Zhang L, Josephson L, Liang SH. Chemistry for Positron Emission Tomography: Recent Advances in 11 C-, 18 F-, 13 N-, and 15 O-Labeling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2580-2605. [PMID: 30054961 PMCID: PMC6405341 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technology that provides quantitative information about function and metabolism in biological processes in vivo for disease diagnosis and therapy assessment. The broad application and rapid advances of PET has led to an increased demand for new radiochemical methods to synthesize highly specific molecules bearing positron-emitting radionuclides. This Review provides an overview of commonly used labeling reactions through examples of clinically relevant PET tracers and highlights the most recent developments and breakthroughs over the past decade, with a focus on 11 C, 18 F, 13 N, and 15 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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9
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Deng X, Rong J, Wang L, Vasdev N, Zhang L, Josephson L, Liang SH. Chemie der Positronenemissionstomographie: Aktuelle Fortschritte bei
11
C‐,
18
F‐,
13
N‐ und
15
O‐Markierungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Medicine DesignPfizer Inc. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
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10
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da Silva ES, Gómez-Vallejo V, López-Gallego F, Llop J. Biocatalysis in radiochemistry: Enzymatic incorporation of PET radionuclides into molecules of biomedical interest. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:332-354. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice S. da Silva
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
- Analytical Department; Syncom BV; Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis laboratory; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science; Bilbao Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging; CIC biomaGUNE; San Sebastian Gipuzkoa Spain
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11
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Labelling with positron emitters of pnicogens and chalcogens. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2017; 61:179-195. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Velasco-Lozano S, da Silva ES, Llop J, López-Gallego F. Sustainable and Continuous Synthesis of Enantiopure l-Amino Acids by Using a Versatile Immobilised Multienzyme System. Chembiochem 2017; 19:395-403. [PMID: 28990733 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic synthesis of α-amino acids is a sustainable and efficient alternative to chemical processes, through which achieving enantiopure products is difficult. To more address this synthesis efficiently, a hierarchical architecture that irreversibly co-immobilises an amino acid dehydrogenase with polyethyleneimine on porous agarose beads has been designed and fabricated. The cationic polymer acts as an irreversible anchoring layer for the formate dehydrogenase. In this architecture, the two enzymes and polymer colocalise across the whole microstructure of the porous carrier. This multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst was kinetically characterised and applied to the enantioselective synthesis of a variety of canonical and noncanonical α-amino acids in both discontinuous (batch) and continuous modes. The co-immobilised bienzymatic system conserves more than 50 % of its initial effectiveness after five batch cycles and 8 days of continuous operation. Additionally, the environmental impact of this process has been semiquantitatively calculated and compared with the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Velasco-Lozano
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Eunice S da Silva
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz Haroko Kalea 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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13
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da Silva ES, Gómez-Vallejo V, Llop J, López-Gallego F. Structural, kinetic and operational characterization of an immobilized l -aminoacid dehydrogenase. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Joshi S, Gómez-Vallejo V, Salinas V, Llop J. Synthesis of 13N-labelled polysubstituted triazoles via Huisgen cycloaddition. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24670b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
13N-labelled triazoles have been synthesized via Huisgen cycloaddition by reaction of 13N-labelled azides with alkynes or aldehydes under catalytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Joshi
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - V. Gómez-Vallejo
- Radiochemistry Platform
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - V. Salinas
- Radiochemistry Platform
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - J. Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
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