1
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Zhu W, Wei M, Wang Y, Wang G, Wang J, Rao H. Oxidative Nickel-Catalyzed ortho-C-H Amination of (Iso)quinolines with Alicyclic Amines Directed by a Sacrificial N-Oxide Group. Org Lett 2024; 26:912-916. [PMID: 38270506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal (TM)-catalyzed direct amination of C-H bonds on free or fused pyridine (Py) rings with free amines still remains scarce because amines and the Py ring tend to adopt a nonproductive N-bound coordination with many TMs, leading to a significant decrease of catalytic reactivity. We herein disclose a nickel-catalyzed and a sacrificial N-oxide group directed oxidative coupling of (iso)quinolyl C-H bonds and alicyclic amines, which furnishes bioimportant amino(iso)quinolines efficiently and selectively in a single step. Noteworthy, this protocol avoids the use of aggressive reactants and very strong bases usually required when aminating on nonoxidized Py rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yanrui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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2
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Lin Z, Oliveira JC, Scheremetjew A, Ackermann L. Palladium-Catalyzed Electrooxidative Double C-H Arylation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:228-239. [PMID: 38150013 PMCID: PMC10785825 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical transition metal-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative reaction has emerged as a promising platform to achieve a sustainable and atom-economic organic synthesis that avoids hazardous oxidants and minimizes undesired byproducts and circuitous functional group operations. However, a poor mechanistic understanding still prevents the widespread adoption of this strategy. In this regard, we herein present an electrochemical palladium-catalyzed oxidative coupling strategy to access biaryls in the absence of a stoichiometric chemical oxidant. The robust palladaelectrocatalysis considerably suppresses the occurrence of homocoupling and oxygenation, being compatible even with electron-deficient arenes. Late-stage functionalization and Boscalid precursor synthesis further highlighted the practical importance of our electrolysis. Remarkably, mechanistic studies including the evaluation of the reaction order of each component by variable time normalization analysis (VTNA) and initial rate analysis, H/D exchange experiment, kinetic isotope effect, and stoichiometric organometallic experiments provided strong support for the involvement of transmetalation between two organopalladium complexes in the turnover limiting step. Therefore, matching the concentrations or lifetimes of two distinct organopalladium intermediates is revealed to be a pivot to the success of electrooxidative catalysis. Moreover, the presence of cationic copper(II) seems to contribute to the stabilization of the palladium(0) catalyst instead of playing a role in the oxidation of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Lin
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C.
A. Oliveira
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Scheremetjew
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Wang Y, Dana S, Long H, Xu Y, Li Y, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11269-11335. [PMID: 37751573 PMCID: PMC10571048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) constitutes a powerful strategy for the assembly or diversification of novel molecular entities with improved physicochemical or biological activities. LSF can thus greatly accelerate the development of medicinally relevant compounds, crop protecting agents, and functional materials. Electrochemical molecular synthesis has emerged as an environmentally friendly platform for the transformation of organic compounds. Over the past decade, electrochemical late-stage functionalization (eLSF) has gained major momentum, which is summarized herein up to February 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Xu
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Yanjun Li
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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4
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Green KA, Honeycutt AP, Ciccone SR, Grice KA, Baur A, Petersen JL, Hoover JM. A Redox Transmetalation Step in Nickel-Catalyzed C-C Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2023; 13:6375-6381. [PMID: 37180967 PMCID: PMC10167653 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Ni-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions are becoming efficient routes to access a variety of functionalized arenes, yet the mechanisms of these catalytic C-C coupling reactions are not well understood. Here, we report the catalytic and stoichiometric arylation reactions of a nickel(II) metallacycle. Treatment of this species with silver(I)-aryl complexes results in facile arylation, consistent with a redox transmetalation step. Additionally, treatment with electrophilic coupling partners generates C-C and C-S bonds. We anticipate that this redox transmetalation step may be relevant to other coupling reactions that employ silver salts as additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry-Ann Green
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Aaron P. Honeycutt
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Sierra R. Ciccone
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Kyle A. Grice
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois 60614, United States
| | - Andreas Baur
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jessica M. Hoover
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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5
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Changmai S, Sultana S, Saikia AK. Review of electrochemical transition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Changmai
- Applied Organic Chemistry Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology 785006 Jorhat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | | | - Anil K. Saikia
- Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati Department of Chemistry Guwahati 781039 Assam India
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6
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Wang J, Hu D, Sun X, Hong H, Shi Y. Pd-Catalyzed Aryl C-H Amination with Diaziridinone. Org Lett 2023; 25:2006-2011. [PMID: 36926923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This work describes an efficient Pd-catalyzed ortho-C-H amination of N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzamides with di-t-butyldiaziridinone, providing a variety of anthranilic amides in good yields. The reaction likely involves the formation of a pallada(II)heterocycle via aryl C-H activation and subsequent amination with di-t-butyldiaziridinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Daguo Hu
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Huiying Hong
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yian Shi
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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7
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Baroliya PK, Dhaker M, Panja S, Al-Thabaiti SA, Albukhari SM, Alsulami QA, Dutta A, Maiti D. Transition Metal-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization Through Electrocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202202201. [PMID: 36881013 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically promoted transition metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization has emerged as a promising area of research over the last few decades. However, development in this field is still at an early stage compared to traditional functionalization reactions using chemical-based oxidizing agents. Recent reports have shown increased attention on electrochemically promoted metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization. From the standpoint of sustainability, environmental friendliness, and cost effectiveness, electrochemically promoted oxidation of a metal catalyst offers a mild, efficient, and atom-economical alternative to traditional chemical oxidants. This Review discusses advances in the field of transition metal-electrocatalyzed C-H functionalization over the past decade and describes how the unique features of electricity enable metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization in an economic and sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Baroliya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Mukesh Dhaker
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Subir Panja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha M Albukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qana A Alsulami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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8
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Sengmany S, Daili F, Kribii I, Léonel E. Electrogenerated Nickel Catalyst for C-N Cross-Coupling. J Org Chem 2023; 88:675-683. [PMID: 36516437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arylamines represent a class of compounds widely found in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Among methodologies devoted to their synthesis, nickel-catalyzed amination of aryl halides constitutes one of the most employed conventional strategies. However, C-N cross-couplings often involve elaborated nickel complexes, which are expensive and/or air and moisture sensitive. To circumvent this issue, we herein report an electrochemical method based on a sacrificial anode process to in situ generate a catalytic amount of nickel salts allowing amination of aryl halides. The approach, simple to set up, proceeds under mild reaction conditions and enables access to a large panel of arylamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Sengmany
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Farah Daili
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Ibtihal Kribii
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, 94320 Thiais, France
| | - Eric Léonel
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, 94320 Thiais, France
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9
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The once-elusive Ni(IV) species is now a potent candidate for challenging organic transformations. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Wu J, Sun P, Hong Y, Yang H, Xie M, Zhang J. Palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13620-13623. [PMID: 36408627 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines with O-benzoylhydroxylamines is reported. This reaction undergoes smoothly with operational practicality and good tolerance of functional groups, thereby providing a concise synthesis of 2,2'-diaminobiaryls. Moreover, the readily accessible scale-up synthesis and the ability to transform the products into structurally diverse N-containing heterocycles demonstrate the synthetic potential of this catalytic protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Pengpeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Yuwen Hong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
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11
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Liang K, Zhang Q, Guo C. Nickel-catalyzed switchable asymmetric electrochemical functionalization of alkenes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd7134. [PMID: 36351023 PMCID: PMC9645727 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of general electrocatalytic methods for the diversity-oriented regio- and stereoselective functionalization of alkenes remains a challenge in organic synthesis. We present a switchable electrocatalytic method based on anodic oxidative activation for the controlled liberation of chiral α-keto radical species toward stereoselective organic transformations. Electrogenerated α-keto radical species capture alkene partners, allowing switchable intermolecular alkene difunctionalization and alkenylation in a highly stereoselective manner. In addition to acting as proton donors to facilitate H2 evolution at the cathode, the unique properties of alcohol additives play an important role in determining the distinct outcomes for alkene functionalization under electrocatalytic conditions.
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12
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Milbauer MW, Kampf JW, Sanford MS. Nickel(IV) Intermediates in Aminoquinoline-Directed C(sp 2)–C(sp 3) Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21030-21034. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Milbauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jeff W. Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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13
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Mkrtchyan S, Jakubczyk M, Lanka S, Yar M, Mahmood T, Ayub K, Sillanpää M, Thomas. C, Iaroshenko V. Mechanochemical Ni‐catalysed arylation of ortho‐hydroxyarylenaminones: Synthesis of isoflavones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satenik Mkrtchyan
- Laboratory of Homogeneous Catalysis and Molecular Design at Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences. POLAND
| | - Michał Jakubczyk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences POLAND
| | | | | | | | | | - Mika Sillanpää
- f. Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, Aarhus C (Denmark). DENMARK
| | | | - Viktor Iaroshenko
- Laboratory of Homogeneous Catalysis and Molecular Design at Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies in Lodz POLAND
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14
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Philip RM, Saranya PV, Anilkumar G. Nickel‐catalysed amination of arenes and heteroarenes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- Mahatma Gandhi University School of Chemical Sciences Priyadarsini Hills P O 686560 KOTTAYAM INDIA
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15
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Chachkov DV, Mikhailov OV. Nickel macrocyclic complexes with porphyrazine and some [benzo]substituted, oxo and fluoro ligands: DFT analysis. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424622500067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
By using quantum chemical calculation data obtained by the DFT method with the OPBE/TZVP and B3PW91/TZVP levels, the principal possibility of the existence of three heteroligand complexes of nickel, each of which was shown to contain in the inner coordination sphere either porphyrazine or di[benzo]- and tetra[benzo]porphyrazine, oxygen (O[Formula: see text] and fluorine (F[Formula: see text] ions. The data on the geometric parameters of the molecular structure of these complexes are presented; which shows that NiN4 chelate nodes, all metal-chelate and non-chelate cycles in each of these complexes, are strictly planar. The bond angles between two donor nitrogen atoms and a nickel atom are equal to 90[Formula: see text], while the bond angles between donor atoms N, Ni, and O or F, in most cases, albeit insignificantly, differ from this value. Nevertheless, the bond angles formed by Ni, O and F atoms are exactly 180[Formula: see text]. NBO analysis data for these complexes are presented; it was noted that the ground state of all these complexes was a spin doublet. It has been shown that a good agreement between the data obtained using the above two versions of the DFT method occurs. Also, standard thermodynamic parameters of formation (standard enthalpy [Formula: see text], entropy [Formula: see text] and Gibbs’s energy [Formula: see text] for the macrocyclic compounds under consideration were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V. Chachkov
- Kazan Department of Joint Supercomputer Center of Russian Academy of Sciences – Branch of Federal Scientific Center “Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the RAS”, Lobachevski Street 2/31, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Mikhailov
- Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
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16
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Ma C, Fang P, Liu ZR, Xu SS, Xu K, Cheng X, Lei A, Xu HC, Zeng C, Mei TS. Recent advances in organic electrosynthesis employing transition metal complexes as electrocatalysts. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2412-2429. [PMID: 36654127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrosynthesis has been widely used as an environmentally conscious alternative to conventional methods for redox reactions because it utilizes electric current as a traceless redox agent instead of chemical redox agents. Indirect electrolysis employing a redox catalyst has received tremendous attention, since it provides various advantages compared to direct electrolysis. With indirect electrolysis, overpotential of electron transfer can be avoided, which is inherently milder, thus wide functional group tolerance can be achieved. Additionally, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity can be tuned by the redox catalysts used in indirect electrolysis. Furthermore, electrode passivation can be avoided by preventing the formation of polymer films on the electrode surface. Common redox catalysts include N-oxyl radicals, hypervalent iodine species, halides, amines, benzoquinones (such as DDQ and tetrachlorobenzoquinone), and transition metals. In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of indirect organic electrosynthesis using transition metals as redox catalysts for reaction classes including C-H functionalization, radical cyclization, and cross-coupling of aryl halides-each owing to the diverse reactivity and accessible oxidation states of transition metals. Although various reviews of organic electrosynthesis are available, there is a lack of articles that focus on recent research progress in the area of indirect electrolysis using transition metals, which is the impetus for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhao-Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shi-Shuo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Xu Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Hai-Chao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Chengchu Zeng
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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17
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Deolka S, Govindarajan R, Khaskin E, Fayzullin RR, Roy MC, Khusnutdinova JR. Photoinduced Trifluoromethylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes Catalyzed by High-Valent Nickel Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24620-24629. [PMID: 34477296 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe a series of air-stable NiIII complexes supported by a simple, robust naphthyridine-based ligand. Access to the high-valent oxidation state is enabled by the CF3 ligands on the nickel, while the naphthyridine exhibits either a monodentate or bidentate coordination mode that depends on the oxidation state and sterics, and enables facile aerobic oxidation of NiII to NiIII . These NiIII complexes act as efficient catalysts for photoinduced C(sp2 )-H bond trifluoromethylation reactions of (hetero)arenes using versatile synthetic protocols. This blue LED light-mediated catalytic protocol proceeds via a radical pathway and demonstrates potential in the late-stage functionalization of drug analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Deolka
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ramadoss Govindarajan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Eugene Khaskin
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Robert R Fayzullin
- Abuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Michael C Roy
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Julia R Khusnutdinova
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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18
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Deolka S, Govindarajan R, Khaskin E, Fayzullin RR, Roy MC, Khusnutdinova JR. Photoinduced Trifluoromethylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes Catalyzed by High‐Valent Nickel Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Deolka
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son, Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Ramadoss Govindarajan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son, Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Eugene Khaskin
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son, Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Abuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS 8 Arbuzov Street Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Michael C. Roy
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son, Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Julia R. Khusnutdinova
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna-son, Kunigami-gun Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
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19
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Jia ZS, Yue Q, Li Y, Xu XT, Zhang K, Shi BF. Copper-catalyzed monoselective C-H amination of ferrocenes with alkylamines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2488-2495. [PMID: 34646397 PMCID: PMC8491713 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed mono-selective C–H amination of ferrocenes assisted by 8-aminoquinoline is presented here. A range of amines, including bioactive molecules, were successfully installed to the ortho-position of ferrocene amides with high efficiency under mild conditions. A range of functionalized ferrocenes were compatible to give the aminated products in moderate to good yields. The gram-scale reaction was smoothly conducted and the directing group could be removed easily under basic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Sheng Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, China
| | - Qiang Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xue-Tao Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, He'nan, 453007, China
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20
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Massignan L, Zhu C, Hou X, Oliveira JCA, Salamé A, Ackermann L. Manganaelectro-Catalyzed Azine C–H Arylations and C–H Alkylations by Assistance of Weakly Coordinating Amides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Aude Salamé
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
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21
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Rao WH, Li Q, Jiang LL, Deng XW, Xu P, Chen FY, Li M, Zou GD. Copper-Catalyzed Intermolecular C(sp 2)-H Amination with Electrophilic O-Benzoyl Hydroxylamines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10580-10590. [PMID: 34314188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed intermolecular electrophilic amination of benzamides with O-benzoyl hydroxylamines was achieved with the assistance of an 8-aminoquinolyl group. With this protocol, good compatibility was observed for a variety of aryl amides and heteroaryl amides, and excellent tolerance with various functional groups was achieved. Significantly, the monoaminated product was overwhelmingly delivered under the simple reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggested that a radical pathway should be excluded and C-H activation be potentially the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Rao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.,Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Li-Li Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Xue-Wan Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Pan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
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22
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Rogge T, Kaplaneris N, Chatani N, Kim J, Chang S, Punji B, Schafer LL, Musaev DG, Wencel-Delord J, Roberts CA, Sarpong R, Wilson ZE, Brimble MA, Johansson MJ, Ackermann L. C–H activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Samanta RC, Ackermann L. Evolution of Earth-Abundant 3 d-Metallaelectro-Catalyzed C-H Activation: From Chelation-Assistance to C-H Functionalization without Directing Groups. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2430-2441. [PMID: 34028175 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Catalyzed C-H functionalizations have emerged as a transformative platform for molecular syntheses. Despite of indisputable advances, oxidative C-H activations have been largely restricted to precious transition metals and stoichiometric amounts of chemical oxidants. In contrast, we herein discuss the potential of earth-abundant, environmentally-benign 3d transition metals for C-H activation, which has recently gained major momentum. Thus, a strategy for full resource economy has been established in our group, with green electricity as a renewable redox agent, giving valuable hydrogen as the sole byproduct under redox mediator-free conditions. In this account, we detail our accomplishments in 3d metallaelectrocatalysis towards green syntheses until March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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24
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25
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Walker BR, Manabe S, Brusoe AT, Sevov CS. Mediator-Enabled Electrocatalysis with Ligandless Copper for Anaerobic Chan-Lam Coupling Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6257-6265. [PMID: 33861580 PMCID: PMC8143265 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple copper salts serve as catalysts to effect C-X bond-forming reactions in some of the most utilized transformations in synthesis, including the oxidative coupling of aryl boronic acids and amines. However, these Chan-Lam coupling reactions have historically relied on chemical oxidants that limit their applicability beyond small-scale synthesis. Despite the success of replacing strong chemical oxidants with electrochemistry for a variety of metal-catalyzed processes, electrooxidative reactions with ligandless copper catalysts are plagued by slow electron-transfer kinetics, irreversible copper plating, and competitive substrate oxidation. Herein, we report the implementation of substoichiometric quantities of redox mediators to address limitations to Cu-catalyzed electrosynthesis. Mechanistic studies reveal that mediators serve multiple roles by (i) rapidly oxidizing low-valent Cu intermediates, (ii) stripping Cu metal from the cathode to regenerate the catalyst and reveal the active Pt surface for proton reduction, and (iii) providing anodic overcharge protection to prevent substrate oxidation. This strategy is applied to Chan-Lam coupling of aryl-, heteroaryl-, and alkylamines with arylboronic acids in the absence of chemical oxidants. Couplings under these electrochemical conditions occur with higher yields and shorter reaction times than conventional reactions in air and provide complementary substrate reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shuhei Manabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Andrew T Brusoe
- Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Christo S Sevov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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26
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Zhu C, Ang NWJ, Meyer TH, Qiu Y, Ackermann L. Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:415-431. [PMID: 33791425 PMCID: PMC8006177 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to inter alia biomolecular chemistry and material sciences as well as for practitioners in chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Organic electrosynthesis has undergone a considerable renaissance and has thus in recent years emerged as an increasingly viable platform for the sustainable molecular assembly. In stark contrast to early strategies by innate reactivity, electrochemistry was recently merged with modern concepts of organic synthesis, such as transition-metal-catalyzed transformations for inter alia C-H functionalization and asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we highlight the unique potential of organic electrosynthesis for sustainable synthesis and catalysis, showcasing key aspects of exceptional selectivities, the synergism with photocatalysis, or dual electrocatalysis, and novel mechanisms in metallaelectrocatalysis until February of 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nate W. J. Ang
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Youai Qiu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Budnikova YH. Electrochemical Insight into Mechanisms and Metallocyclic Intermediates of C-H Functionalization. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2148-2163. [PMID: 33629800 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis and electrosynthesis as well as in the development of new methodologies for producing fine chemicals. In order to achieve efficient and selective C-H functionalization, different strategies have been used to accelerate the C-H activation step, including the incorporation of directing groups in the substrate that facilitate coordination to the catalyst. In this review, we try to underscore that the understanding the mechanisms of the catalytic cycle and the reactivity or redox activity of the key metal cyclic intermediates in these reactions is the basis for controlling the selectivity of synthesis and electrosynthesis. Combination of the electrosynthesis and voltammetry with traditional synthetic and physico-chemical methods allows one to achieve selective transformation of C-H bonds to functionalized C-C or C-X (X=heteroatom or halogen) bonds which may encourage organic chemists to use it in the future more often. The possibilities and the benefits of electrochemical techniques are analyzed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia H Budnikova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088, Kazan, Russia.,Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx street, 68, 420015, Kazan, Russia
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28
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Kim YB, Won J, Lee J, Kim J, Zhou B, Park JW, Baik MH, Chang S. Ni-Catalyzed Intermolecular C(sp3)–H Amidation Tuned by Bidentate Directing Groups. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Bum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Joonghee Won
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jeonghyo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Bingwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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29
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Recent progress on group 10 metal complexes of pincer ligands: From synthesis to activities and catalysis. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Meng Z, Feng C, Xu K. Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Formation of Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Dhawa U, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Green strategies for transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation in molecular syntheses. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00727k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable strategies for the activation of inert C–H bonds towards improved resource-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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32
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Kakiuchi F, Kochi T. New Strategy for Catalytic Oxidative C–H Functionalization: Efficient Combination of Transition-metal Catalyst and Electrochemical Oxidation. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Kakiuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Kochi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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33
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Zhang S, Samanta RC, Del Vecchio A, Ackermann L. Evolution of High-Valent Nickela-Electrocatalyzed C-H Activation: From Cross(-Electrophile)-Couplings to Electrooxidative C-H Transformations. Chemistry 2020; 26:10936-10947. [PMID: 32329534 PMCID: PMC7497266 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
C-H activation has emerged as one of the most efficient tools for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds, avoiding the use of prefunctionalized materials. In spite of tremendous progress in the field, stoichiometric quantities of toxic and/or costly chemical redox reagents, such as silver(I) or copper(II) salts, are largely required for oxidative C-H activations. Recently, electrosynthesis has experienced a remarkable renaissance that enables the use of storable, safe and waste-free electric current as a redox equivalent. While major recent momentum was gained in electrocatalyzed C-H activations by 4d and 5d metals, user-friendly and inexpensive nickela-electrocatalysis has until recently proven elusive for oxidative C-H activations. Herein, the early developments of nickela-electrocatalyzed reductive cross-electrophile couplings as well as net-redox-neutral cross-couplings are first introduced. The focus of this Minireview is, however, the recent emergence of nickel-catalyzed electrooxidative C-H activations until April 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou‐Kun Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Ramesh C. Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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34
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Samanta RC, Struwe J, Ackermann L. Nickela-electrocatalyzed Mild C-H Alkylations at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14154-14159. [PMID: 32324948 PMCID: PMC7496282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Direct alkylations of carboxylic acid derivatives are challenging and particularly nickel catalysis commonly requires high reaction temperatures and strong bases, translating into limited substrate scope. Herein, nickel-catalyzed C-H alkylations of unactivated 8-aminoquinoline amides have been realized under exceedingly mild conditions, namely at room temperature, with a mild base and a user-friendly electrochemical setup. This electrocatalyzed C-H alkylation displays high functional group tolerance and is applicable to both the primary and secondary alkylation. Based on detailed mechanistic studies, a nickel(II/III/I) catalytic manifold has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C. Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
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35
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Samanta RC, Meyer TH, Siewert I, Ackermann L. Renewable resources for sustainable metallaelectro-catalysed C-H activation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8657-8670. [PMID: 34123124 PMCID: PMC8163351 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The necessity for more sustainable industrial chemical processes has internationally been agreed upon. During the last decade, the scientific community has responded to this urgent need by developing novel sustainable methodologies targeted at molecular transformations that not only produce reduced amounts of byproducts, but also by the use of cleaner and renewable energy sources. A prime example is the electrochemical functionalization of organic molecules, by which toxic and costly chemicals can be replaced by renewable electricity. Unrivalled levels of resource economy can thereby be achieved via the merger of metal-catalyzed C-H activation with electrosynthesis. This perspective aims at highlighting the most relevant advances in metallaelectro-catalysed C-H activations, with a particular focus on the use of green solvents and sustainable wind power and solar energy until June 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Inke Siewert
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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Gandeepan P, Finger LH, Meyer TH, Ackermann L. 3d metallaelectrocatalysis for resource economical syntheses. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:4254-4272. [PMID: 32458919 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00149j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Resource economy constitutes one of the key challenges for researchers and practitioners in academia and industries, in terms of rising demand for sustainable and green synthetic methodology. To achieve ideal levels of resource economy in molecular syntheses, novel avenues are required, which include, but are not limited to the use of naturally abundant, renewable feedstocks, solvents, metal catalysts, energy, and redox reagents. In this context, electrosyntheses create the unique possibility to replace stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing or reducing reagents as well as electron transfer events by electric current. Particularly, the merger of Earth-abundant 3d metal catalysis and electrooxidation has recently been recognized as an increasingly viable strategy to forge challenging C-C and C-heteroatom bonds for complex organic molecules in a sustainable fashion under mild reaction conditions. In this review, we highlight the key developments in 3d metallaelectrocatalysis in the context of resource economy in molecular syntheses until February 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517506, India
| | - Lars H Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany and Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Wu P, Huang W, Cheng TJ, Lin HX, Xu H, Dai HX. Copper-Catalyzed Oxalamide-Directed ortho-C-H Amination of Anilines with Alkylamines. Org Lett 2020; 22:5051-5056. [PMID: 32543869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed oxalamide-directed ortho-C-H amination of anilines has been developed by using 1 atm of air as the sole oxidant. The protocol shows excellent functional group tolerance, and some heterocyclic amines including indole, benzothiophene, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, and quinoxaline could be compatible in the reaction. The late-stage diversification of medicinal drugs demonstrates the synthetic utility of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tai-Jin Cheng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai-Xia Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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38
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Samanta RC, Struwe J, Ackermann L. Nickelaelektrokatalysierte, milde C‐H‐Alkylierungen bei Raumtemperatur. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C. Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh) Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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Chen XR, Zhang SQ, Meyer TH, Yang CH, Zhang QH, Liu JR, Xu HJ, Cao FH, Ackermann L, Hong X. Carboxylate breaks the arene C-H bond via a hydrogen-atom-transfer mechanism in electrochemical cobalt catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5790-5796. [PMID: 34094081 PMCID: PMC8159317 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01898h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined computational and experimental studies elucidated the distinctive mechanistic features of electrochemical cobalt-catalyzed C-H oxygenation. A sequential electrochemical-chemical (EC) process was identified for the formation of an amidylcobalt(iii) intermediate. The synthesis, characterization, cyclic voltammetry studies, and stoichiometric reactions of the related amidylcobalt(iii) intermediate suggested that a second on-cycle electro-oxidation occurs on the amidylcobalt(iii) species, which leads to a formal Co(iv) intermediate. This amidylcobalt(iv) intermediate is essentially a cobalt(iii) complex with one additional single electron distributed on the coordinating heteroatoms. The radical nature of the coordinating pivalate allows the formal Co(iv) intermediate to undergo a novel carboxylate-assisted HAT mechanism to cleave the arene C-H bond, and a CMD mechanism could be excluded for a Co(iii/i) catalytic scenario. The mechanistic understanding of electrochemical cobalt-catalyzed C-H bond activation highlights the multi-tasking electro-oxidation and the underexplored reaction channels in electrochemical transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Chun-Hui Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China
| | - Qin-Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ji-Ren Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Hua-Jian Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China
| | - Fa-He Cao
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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Yang L, Steinbock R, Scheremetjew A, Kuniyil R, Finger LH, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. Azaruthena(II)‐bicyclo[3.2.0]heptadien: Schlüsselintermediat für Ruthenaelektro(II/III/I)‐katalysierte Alkinanellierungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Ralf Steinbock
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Alexej Scheremetjew
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lars H. Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie und Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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41
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Yang L, Steinbock R, Scheremetjew A, Kuniyil R, Finger LH, Messinis AM, Ackermann L. Azaruthena(II)-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptadiene: Key Intermediate for Ruthenaelectro(II/III/I)-catalyzed Alkyne Annulations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11130-11135. [PMID: 32129528 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A ruthenium-catalyzed electrochemical dehydrogenative annulation reaction of imidazoles with alkynes has been established, enabling the preparation of various bridgehead N-fused [5,6]-bicyclic heteroarenes through regioselective electrochemical C-H/N-H annulation without chemical metal oxidants. Novel azaruthenabicyclo[3.2.0]heptadienes were fully characterized and identified as key intermediates. Mechanistic studies are suggestive of an oxidatively induced reductive elimination pathway within a ruthenium(II/III) regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Steinbock
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexej Scheremetjew
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars H Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antonis M Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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42
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Wang H, Liang K, Xiong W, Samanta S, Li W, Lei A. Electrochemical oxidation-induced etherification via C(sp 3)─H/O─H cross-coupling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz0590. [PMID: 32440542 PMCID: PMC7228760 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Direct electrochemical construction of C─O bonds through C(sp3)─H functionalization still remains fundamentally challenging. Here, electrochemical oxidation-induced benzylic and allylic C(sp3)─H etherification has been developed. This protocol not only offers a practical strategy for the construction of C─O bonds using nonsolvent amounts of alcohols but also allows direct electrochemical benzylic and allylic C(sp3)─H functionalization in the absence of transition metal catalysis. A series of alcohols and benzylic and allylic C(sp3)─H compounds were compatible with this transformation. Mechanistically, the generation of aryl radical cation intermediates is the key to this C(sp3)─H etherification, as evidenced by radical probe substrate (cyclopropane ring opening) and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Wang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Kailun Liang
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wenpeng Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Supravat Samanta
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wuqin Li
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
- National Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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43
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Xu Z, Li Y, Mo G, Zheng Y, Zeng S, Sun PH, Ruan Z. Electrochemical Oxidative Phosphorylation of Aldehyde Hydrazones. Org Lett 2020; 22:4016-4020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongnan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yueheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Guangquan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yucheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shaogao Zeng
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Hua Sun
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
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44
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Zhang P, Li B, Niu L, Wang L, Zhang G, Jia X, Zhang G, Liu S, Ma L, Gao W, Qin D, Chen J. Scalable Electrochemical Transition‐Metal‐Free Dehydrogenative Cross‐Coupling Amination Enabled Alkaloid Clausines Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Baoying Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Jia
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Qin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250353 People's Republic of China
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Yang Y, Zhang D, Vessally E. Direct Amination of Aromatic C-H Bonds with Free Amines. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:37. [PMID: 32236795 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-0300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines belong to a highly important class of organic compounds which are found in various natural products, functional materials, and pharmaceutical agents. Their prevalence has sparked continuing interest in the development of highly efficient and environmentally benign synthetic strategies for the construction of these compounds. Cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions between two unmodified C(X)-H bonds have recently emerged as a versatile and powerful strategy for the fabrication of new C(X)-C(X) bonds. In this context, several procedures have been reported for the synthesis of aromatic amines through the direct amination of aromatic C-H bonds with free amines. This review highlights recent advances and progress in this appealing research arena, with special emphasis on the mechanistic features of the reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Yang
- School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dangquan Zhang
- School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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46
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Au YK, Lyu H, Quan Y, Xie Z. Copper-Catalyzed Electrochemical Selective B–H Oxygenation of o-Carboranes at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6940-6945. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yik Ki Au
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Hairong Lyu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yangjian Quan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
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Nebra N. High-Valent Ni III and Ni IV Species Relevant to C-C and C-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions: State of the Art. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051141. [PMID: 32143336 PMCID: PMC7179250 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni catalysis constitutes an active research arena with notable applications in diverse fields. By analogy with its parent element palladium, Ni catalysts provide an appealing entry to build molecular complexity via cross-coupling reactions. While Pd catalysts typically involve a M0/MII redox scenario, in the case of Ni congeners the mechanistic elucidation becomes more challenging due to their innate properties (like enhanced reactivity, propensity to undergo single electron transformations vs. 2e− redox sequences or weaker M–Ligand interaction). In recent years, mechanistic studies have demonstrated the participation of high-valent NiIII and NiIV species in a plethora of cross-coupling events, thus accessing novel synthetic schemes and unprecedented transformations. This comprehensive review collects the main contributions effected within this topic, and focuses on the key role of isolated and/or spectroscopically identified NiIII and NiIV complexes. Amongst other transformations, the resulting NiIII and NiIV compounds have efficiently accomplished: i) C–C and C–heteroatom bond formation; ii) C–H bond functionalization; and iii) N–N and C–N cyclizative couplings to forge heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Nebra
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier/CNRS UMR 5069, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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48
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Zhang S, Struwe J, Hu L, Ackermann L. Nickela-electrocatalyzed C-H Alkoxylation with Secondary Alcohols: Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination at Nickel(III). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3178-3183. [PMID: 31729814 PMCID: PMC7028089 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nickela-electrooxidative C-H alkoxylations with challenging secondary alcohols were accomplished in a fully dehydrogenative fashion, thereby avoiding stoichiometric chemical oxidants, with H2 as the only stoichiometric byproduct. The nickela-electrocatalyzed oxygenation proved viable with various (hetero)arenes, including naturally occurring secondary alcohols, without racemization. Detailed mechanistic investigation, including DFT calculations and cyclovoltammetric studies of a well-defined C-H activated nickel(III) intermediate, suggest an oxidation-induced reductive elimination at nickel(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou‐Kun Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Julia Struwe
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lianrui Hu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
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49
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Kong W, Shen Z, Finger LH, Ackermann L. Elektrochemischer Zugang zu aza‐polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen: Rhoda‐elektrokatalytische Domino‐Alkin‐Anellierungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Jun Kong
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Zhigao Shen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lars H. Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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Kong WJ, Shen Z, Finger LH, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Access to Aza-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Rhoda-Electrocatalyzed Domino Alkyne Annulations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5551-5556. [PMID: 31793169 PMCID: PMC7155118 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (aza-PAHs) have found broad applications in material sciences. Herein, a modular electrochemical synthesis of aza-PAHs was developed via a rhodium-catalyzed cascade C-H activation and alkyne annulation. A multifunctional O-methylamidoxime enabled the high chemo- and regioselectivity. The isolation of two key rhodacyclic intermediates made it possible to delineate the exact order of three C-H activation steps. In addition, the metalla-electrocatalyzed multiple C-H transformation is characterized by unique functional group tolerance, including highly reactive iodo and azido groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Kong
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zhigao Shen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars H Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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