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Du F, Li R, He R, Li K, Liu J, Xiang Y, Duan K, Li C. Exploring salivary metabolome alterations in people with HIV: towards early diagnostic markers. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1400332. [PMID: 38912274 PMCID: PMC11192068 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1400332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a critical global health issue, with a pressing need for effective diagnostic and monitoring tools. Methodology This study explored distinctions in salivary metabolome among healthy individuals, individuals with HIV, and those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Utilizing LC-MS/MS for exhaustive metabolomics profiling, we analyzed 90 oral saliva samples from individuals with HIV, categorized by CD4 count levels in the peripheral blood. Results Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and other analyses underscored significant metabolic alterations in individuals with HIV, especially in energy metabolism pathways. Notably, post-HAART metabolic profiles indicated a substantial presence of exogenous metabolites and changes in amino acid pathways like arginine, proline, and lysine degradation. Key metabolites such as citric acid, L-glutamic acid, and L-histidine were identified as potential indicators of disease progression or recovery. Differential metabolite selection and functional enrichment analysis, combined with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and random forest analyses, pinpointed potential biomarkers for different stages of HIV infection. Additionally, our research examined the interplay between oral metabolites and microorganisms such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), bacteria, and fungi in individuals with HIV, revealing crucial interactions. Conclusion This investigation seeks to contribute understanding into the metabolic shifts occurring in HIV infection and following the initiation of HAART, while tentatively proposing novel avenues for diagnostic and treatment monitoring through salivary metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- Department of Stomatology, Yan’an Hospital of Kunming City, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Stomatology, Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kezeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, Yan’an Hospital of Kunming City, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kunming Third People’s Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingying Xiang
- Department of Stomatology, Yan’an Hospital of Kunming City, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kaiwen Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Yan’an Hospital of Kunming City, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chengwen Li
- Department of Research Management, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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2
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Feng Y, Li X, Yang B, Li M, Du Y, Wang J, Liu S, Gong L, Li L, Gao L. The role of ferroptosis in radiotherapy and combination therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:79. [PMID: 38639185 PMCID: PMC11056820 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly aggressive, heterogeneous tumour usually caused by alcohol and tobacco consumption, making it one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite the fact that various therapeutic approaches such as surgery, radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy (CT) and targeted therapy have been widely used for HNSCC in recent years, its recurrence rate and mortality rate remain high. RT is the standard treatment choice for HNSCC, which induces reactive oxygen species production and causes oxidative stress, ultimately leading to tumour cell death. CT is a widely recognized form of cancer treatment that treats a variety of cancers by eliminating cancer cells and preventing them from reproducing. Immune checkpoint inhibitor and epidermal growth factor receptor are important in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. Iron death, a type of cell death regulated by peroxidative damage to phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes, has been found to be a relevant death response triggered by tumour RT in recent years. In the present review, an overview of the current knowledge on RT and combination therapy and iron death in HNSCC was provided, the mechanisms by which RT induces iron death in tumour cells were summarized, and therapeutic strategies to target iron death in HNSCC were explored. The current review provided important information for future studies of iron death in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
- Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Xiulei Li
- Department of Radiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Bingwu Yang
- Precision Biomedical Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Maocai Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yongya Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng Dongchangfu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252024, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lianqing Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Dongchangfu, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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3
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Puccio S, Azzarello G, Maffeis V, Laurino L, Mairani E, Conte F, Tessari N, Cazzador D, Zanoletti E, Politi D, Emanuelli E, Spinato G, Ausoni S. Tumor Budding, p53, and DNA Mismatch Repair Markers in Sinonasal Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study Supports the Adverse Prognostic Impact of Tumor Budding. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1895. [PMID: 38791973 PMCID: PMC11120584 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC) is a very rare, closely occupational-related tumor with strong histological similarities to colorectal cancer (CRC). In the latter, tumor budding (TB) is widely recognized as a negative prognostic parameter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of TB in ITAC and to correlate it with other established or emerging biomarkers of the disease, such as p53 and deficient DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system status/microsatellite instability (MSI). We retrospectively analyzed 32 consecutive specimens of patients with ITAC diagnosis treated in two institutions in Northern Italy. We reviewed surgical specimens for TB evaluation (low-intermediate/high); p53 expression and MMR proteins were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Results were retrospectively stratified using clinical data and patients' outcomes. According to bud counts, patients were stratified into two groups: intermediate/high budding (>4 TB) and low budding (≤4 TB). Patients with high TB (>4) have an increased risk of recurrence and death compared to those with low TB, with a median survival of 13 and 54 months, respectively. On multivariate analysis, considering TB, therapy, and stage as covariates, TB emerged as an independent prognostic factor net of the stage of disease or type of therapy received. No impact of p53 status as a biomarker of prognosis was observed and no alterations regarding MMR proteins were identified. The results of the present work provide further significant evidence on the prognostic role of TB in ITAC and underline the need for larger multicenter studies to implement the use of TB in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Puccio
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Azzarello
- Department of Oncology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Via don Giacobbe Sartor 4, 30035 Venice, Italy;
| | - Valeria Maffeis
- Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOVR), Ospedale Borgo Trento, Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy;
- Department of Pathology, Local Health Unit 2 Marca Trevigiana, Piazzale dell’Ospedale 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
| | - Licia Laurino
- Department of Pathology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Via Paccagnella 11, 30174 Venice, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Mairani
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Federica Conte
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Nicola Tessari
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Diego Cazzador
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Zanoletti
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Doriano Politi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Local Health Unit 3 Serenissima, Via Paccagnella, 11, 30174 Venice, Italy;
| | - Enzo Emanuelli
- Department of Pathology, Local Health Unit 2 Marca Trevigiana, Piazzale dell’Ospedale 1, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Spinato
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, “Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova” University of Padova, via Giustiniani, 2, 35122 Padova, Italy; (S.P.); (E.M.); (N.T.); (D.C.); (E.Z.)
| | - Simonetta Ausoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35121 Padova, Italy
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Liu S, Guo T, Hu J, Huang W, She P, Wu Y. HIV-1-related factors interact with p53 to influence cellular processes. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:66. [PMID: 37691100 PMCID: PMC10493029 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the primary epidemic strain in China. Its genome contains two regulatory genes (tat and rev), three structural genes (gag, pol, and env), and four accessory genes (nef, vpr, vpu, and vif). Long terminal repeats (LTRs) in thegenome regulate integration, duplication, and expression of viral gene. The permissibility of HIV-1 infection hinges on the host cell cycle status. HIV-1 replicates by exploiting various cellular processes via upregulation or downregulation of specific cellular proteins that also control viral pathogenesis. For example, HIV-1 regulates the life cycle of p53, which in turn contributes significantly to HIV-1 pathogenesis. In this article, we review the interaction between HIV-1-associated factors and p53, providing information on their regulatory and molecular mechanisms, hinting possible directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanling Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Weiliang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei She
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha, 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
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Li M, Sun D, Song N, Chen X, Zhang X, Zheng W, Yu Y, Han C. Mutant p53 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Molecular mechanism of gain‑of‑function and targeting therapy (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:162. [PMID: 37449494 PMCID: PMC10394732 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most widespread malignancies worldwide. p53, as a transcription factor, can play its role in tumor suppression by activating the expression of numerous target genes. However, p53 is one of the most commonly mutated genes, which frequently harbors missense mutations. These missense mutations are nucleotide substitutions that result in the substitution of an amino acid in the DNA binding domain. Most p53 mutations in HNSCC are missense mutations and the mutation rate of p53 reaches 65‑85%. p53 mutation not only inhibits the tumor suppressive function of p53 but also provides novel functions to facilitate tumor recurrence, called gain‑of‑function (GOF). The present study focused on the prevalence and clinical relevance of p53 mutations in HNSCC, and further described how mutant p53 accumulates. Moreover, mutant p53 in HNSCC can interact with proteins, RNA, and exosomes to exert effects on proliferation, migration, invasion, immunosuppression, and metabolism. Finally, several treatment strategies have been proposed to abolish the tumor‑promoting function of mutant p53; these strategies include reactivation of mutant p53 into wild‑type p53, induction of mutant p53 degradation, enhancement of the synthetic lethality of mutant p53, and treatment with immunotherapy. Due to the high frequency of p53 mutations in HNSCC, a further understanding of the mechanism of mutant p53 may provide potential applications for targeted therapy in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Li
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Sun
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Ning Song
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Wentian Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Chengbing Han
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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6
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Weinreb SF, Piersiala K, Dhar SI, Hillel AT, Akst L, Best SRA. Impact of human immunodeficiency virus status on laryngeal cancer survival and locoregional control. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2022; 7:153-160. [PMID: 35155793 PMCID: PMC8823145 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare long-term outcomes of laryngeal cancer (LC) in people living with HIV (PLWH) versus uninfected individuals and determine how clinical and viral factors-such as demographics, cancer stage, HIV viral load, and CD4 nadir-contribute to these outcomes. METHODS This was a retrospective case-control study of 749 patients seen for LC at a single tertiary care center between 2003 and 2017. Of these, 22 had HIV at the time of LC diagnosis, and they were matched in a 1:4 ratio to uninfected controls based on sex, presence of smoking history, and age at cancer diagnosis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to identify overall and disease-free survival differences based on HIV status, as well as other clinical and viral factors. RESULTS Compared to all uninfected individuals, PLWH were diagnosed with LC approximately 6 years younger (p = .013). 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival for PLWH were 86.4% (63.4%-95.4%), 77.3% (53.7%-89.9%), and 65.8% (40.8%-82.2%), respectively following LC diagnosis, and HIV was not significantly associated with overall (HR = 3.34 [0.59-18.79]) or disease-free survival (HR = 2.12 [0.71-6.36]). The incidence rate of locoregional recurrence among PLWH was 541 compared to 371 per 10,000 person-years in controls, which were not significantly different (p = .420). Furthermore, among PLWH, peak viral load and CD4 nadir were not associated with overall or disease-free survival. CONCLUSION While previous work has shown that HIV is associated with elevated risk of LC, survival did not differ significantly between PLWH and uninfected individuals in this study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Franklin Weinreb
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Krzysztof Piersiala
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Division of ENT Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention, and TechnologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Shumon Ian Dhar
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Alexander T. Hillel
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lee Akst
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Simon R. A. Best
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Shuter J, Reddy KP, Hyle EP, Stanton CA, Rigotti NA. Harm reduction for smokers living with HIV. Lancet HIV 2021; 8:e652-e658. [PMID: 34461050 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3018(21)00156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco use is now a leading cause of death in people living with HIV in the USA. Increasing cessation rates in this group is a public health priority, yet the results of clinical trials aimed at optimising tobacco treatment strategies have been largely disappointing. Combinations of behavioural and pharmacological cessation therapies in people living with HIV have yielded increases in short-term quit rates, but few have shown long-term efficacy. Even with aggressive therapy combining intensive behavioural treatment with pharmacological agents, most smokers living with HIV continue to smoke. The generalised approach to tobacco treatment that prevails in guidelines and in clinical practices might do a disservice to these individuals, who represent a sizable segment of the population of people living with HIV. Harm reduction is a sensible and needed approach for smokers living with HIV who are unable or unwilling to quit. In this Viewpoint, we take an expansive view of harm reduction to include not only cutting down on cigarette intake for persistent smokers, but also reducing smoking's downstream health effects by increasing lung cancer screening and by controlling concurrent cardiovascular risk factors, especially hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Shuter
- Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Krishna P Reddy
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily P Hyle
- Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cassandra A Stanton
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nancy A Rigotti
- Tobacco Research and Treatment Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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EBV-associated primary CNS lymphoma occurring after immunosuppression is a distinct immunobiological entity. Blood 2021; 137:1468-1477. [PMID: 33202420 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is confined to the brain, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without evidence of systemic spread. Rarely, PCNSL occurs in the context of immunosuppression (eg, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders or HIV [AIDS-related PCNSL]). These cases are poorly characterized, have dismal outcome, and are typically Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated (ie, tissue-positive). We used targeted sequencing and digital multiplex gene expression to compare the genetic landscape and tumor microenvironment (TME) of 91 PCNSL tissues all with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma histology. Forty-seven were EBV tissue-negative: 45 EBV- HIV- PCNSL and 2 EBV- HIV+ PCNSL; and 44 were EBV tissue-positive: 23 EBV+ HIV+ PCNSL and 21 EBV+ HIV- PCNSL. As with prior studies, EBV- HIV- PCNSL had frequent MYD88, CD79B, and PIM1 mutations, and enrichment for the activated B-cell (ABC) cell-of-origin subtype. In contrast, these mutations were absent in all EBV tissue-positive cases and ABC frequency was low. Furthermore, copy number loss in HLA class I/II and antigen-presenting/processing genes were rarely observed, indicating retained antigen presentation. To counter this, EBV+ HIV- PCNSL had a tolerogenic TME with elevated macrophage and immune-checkpoint gene expression, whereas AIDS-related PCNSL had low CD4 gene counts. EBV-associated PCNSL in the immunosuppressed is immunobiologically distinct from EBV- HIV- PCNSL, and, despite expressing an immunogenic virus, retains the ability to present EBV antigens. Results provide a framework for targeted treatment.
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9
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Xue W, Zheng X, Hu X, Zhang Y. Research and Clinical Significance of the Differentially Expressed Genes TP63 and LMO4 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Related Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211011380. [PMID: 33906487 PMCID: PMC8108076 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211011380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the differential gene expression and clinical significance in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals (HIVIIs) with penile squamous cell carcinoma. At our hospital from 2019 to 2020, we selected six samples of HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma for the experimental group and six samples of non-HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma for the control group. Transcriptome sequencing of sample mRNAs was performed by high-throughput sequencing. Differential gene expression analysis, differential Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and differential Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were carried out, and the reads per kilobase per million reads (RPKM) value was used as a measure of gene expression. A total of 2418 differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 663 were upregulated and 1755 were downregulated (absolute value of logFC >1 and p value <.05). On the basis of the significance of the GO enrichment analysis, we found that the tumor protein p63 (TP63) gene was significantly upregulated and that the LIM domain only 4 (LMO4) gene was significantly downregulated in the experimental group compared with the control group. KEGG pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that DNA replication was the most significant pathway associated with the upregulated genes and cell adhesion molecule (CAM) metabolism was the most significant pathway associated with the downregulated genes. The gene expression profiles of HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma and non-HIV-related penile squamous cell carcinoma are significantly different and involve significant GO enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathways, and this is very meaningful for the study of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). Differential expression of genes may be an important target for the prevention of penile squamous cell carcinoma in HIVIIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Xue
- Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing China
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10
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Moura ACD, Assad DX, Amorim Dos Santos J, Porto de Toledo I, Barra GB, Castilho RM, Squarize CH, Guerra ENS. Worldwide prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway mutations in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103284. [PMID: 33675910 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway mutations in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Overall, 105 studies comprising 8630 patients and 1306 mutations were selected. The estimated mutations prevalence was 13 % for PIK3CA (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 11-14; I2 = 82 %; p < 0.0001), 4% for PTEN (95 % CI = 3-5; I2 = 55 %; p < 0.0001), 3% for MTOR (95 % CI = 2-4; I2 = 5%; p = 0.40), and 2% for AKT (95 % CI = 1-2; I2 = 50 %; p = 0.0001). We further stratified the available data of the participants according to risk factors and tumor characteristics, including HPV infection, tobacco use, alcohol exposure, TNM stage, and histological tumor differentiation, and performed subgroup analysis. We identified significant associations between PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway-associated mutations and advanced TNM stage (odds ratio [OR] = 0.20; 95 % CI = 0.09-0.44; I² = 71 %; p = 0.0001) and oropharyngeal HPV-positive tumors and PIK3CA mutations (OR = 17.48; 95 % CI = 4.20-72.76; I² = 69 %; p < 0.0002). No associations were found between alcohol and tobacco exposure, and tumor differentiation grade. This SR demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway emerges as a potential prognostic factor and could offer a molecular basis for future studies on therapeutic targeting in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Castelo de Moura
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB-UnB/Ebserh), Brasília, DF, Brazil; Hospital Santa Lúcia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Daniele Xavier Assad
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Amorim Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Isabela Porto de Toledo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Barcelos Barra
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN Quadra 03 Lotes 145/185, Brasília, 70632-340, DF, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA.
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11
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Haase K, Piwonski I, Stromberger C, Thieme N, Heiland M, Beck-Broichsitter B, Hofmann VM, Kofla G, Sander S, Keilholz U, Neumann K, Stölzel K, Olze H, Arens P, Dommerich S, Coordes A. Incidence and survival of HNSCC patients living with HIV compared with HIV-negative HNSCC patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:3941-3953. [PMID: 33492419 PMCID: PMC8382606 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-06573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim was to analyze the incidence and survival of patients living with HIV (PLWH) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to compare with a control group of HIV-negative HNSCC patients. Methods Clinicopathological data and predictors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated (2009–2019). Results 50 of 5151 HNSCC patients (0.97%) were PLWH, and 76% were smokers. Age ≤ 60 years, HIV-PCR ≤ 50 copies, CD4 cells ≤ 200/mm3, cART treatment, T and UICC classification, oral cavity and nasal/paranasal sinuses, and therapy were significantly associated with OS in univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only age and HIV-PCR independently predicted OS. The OS of the 50 PLWH was not significantly altered compared with the 5101 HIV-negative controls. However, OS and DFS were significantly inferior in advanced tumor stages of PLWH compared with an age-matched control group of 150 HIV-negative patients. Conclusions PLWH were diagnosed with HNSCC at a significantly younger age compared to HIV-negative patients. Taking into account patient age at initial diagnosis, both OS and DFS rates in PLWH are significantly worse compared with a matched control group of HIV-negative patients in advanced tumor stages UICC III/IV. The prognosis (OS) is improved when taking cART treatment, the HIV viral load is undetectable and CD4 count is high. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00405-020-06573-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Haase
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Piwonski
- Department of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Stromberger
- Department of Radiooncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Thieme
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedicta Beck-Broichsitter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veit M Hofmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Grzegorz Kofla
- Department of Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Sander
- Clinical Cancer Registry, Charité Comprehensive Center (CCCC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ullrich Keilholz
- Department of Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Institute for Biometrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Stölzel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heidi Olze
- Department of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Arens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Dommerich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annekatrin Coordes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Virchow Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Pérez Sayáns M, Chamorro Petronacci CM, Lorenzo Pouso AI, Padín Iruegas E, Blanco Carrión A, Suárez Peñaranda JM, García García A. Comprehensive Genomic Review of TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC). J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111896. [PMID: 31703248 PMCID: PMC6912350 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this present study was to comprehensively describe somatic DNA alterations and transcriptional alterations in the last extension of the HNSCC subsets in TCGA, encompassing a total of 528 tumours. In order to achieve this goal, transcriptional analysis, functional enrichment assays, survival analysis, somatic copy number alteration analysis and somatic alteration analysis were carried out. A total of 3491 deregulated genes were found in HNSCC patients, and the functional analysis carried out determined that tissue development and cell differentiation were the most relevant signalling pathways in upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. Somatic copy number alteration analysis showed a “top five” altered HNSCC genes: CDKN2A (deleted in 32.03% of patients), CDKN2B (deleted in 28.34% of patients), PPFIA1 (amplified in 26.02% of patients), FADD (amplified in 25.63% of patients) and ANO1 (amplified in 25.44% of patients). Somatic mutations analysis revealed TP53 mutation in 72% of the tumour samples followed by TTN (39%), FAT1 (23%) and MUC16 (19%). Another interesting result is the mutual exclusivity pattern that was discovered between the TP53 and PIK3CA mutations, and the co-occurrence of CDKN2A with the TP53 and FAT1 alterations. On analysis to relate differential expression genes and somatic copy number alterations, some genes were overexpressed and amplified, for example, FOXL2, but other deleted genes also showed overexpression, such as CDKN2A. Survival analysis revealed that overexpression of some oncogenes, such as EGFR, CDK6 or CDK4 were associated with poorer prognosis tumours. These new findings help us to develop new therapies and programs for the prevention of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pérez Sayáns
- Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS); Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.M.C.P.); (A.I.L.P.); (A.B.C.); (A.G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-346-6101-1815; Fax: +34-349-8629-5424
| | - Cintia Micaela Chamorro Petronacci
- Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS); Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.M.C.P.); (A.I.L.P.); (A.B.C.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Alejandro Ismael Lorenzo Pouso
- Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS); Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.M.C.P.); (A.I.L.P.); (A.B.C.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Elena Padín Iruegas
- Area of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Andrés Blanco Carrión
- Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS); Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.M.C.P.); (A.I.L.P.); (A.B.C.); (A.G.G.)
| | - José Manuel Suárez Peñaranda
- Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital Complex of Santiago (CHUS), C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Abel García García
- Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS); Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, C.P. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (C.M.C.P.); (A.I.L.P.); (A.B.C.); (A.G.G.)
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13
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Qiu T, Wu D, Yang L, Ye H, Wang Q, Cao Z, Tang K. Exploring the Mechanism of Flavonoids Through Systematic Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:918. [PMID: 30158870 PMCID: PMC6104453 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are the largest class of plant polyphenols, with common structure of diphenylpropanes, consisting of two aromatic rings linked through three carbons and are abundant in both daily diets and medicinal plants. Fueled by the recognition of consuming flavonoids to get better health, researchers became interested in deciphering how flavonoids alter the functions of human body. Here, systematic studies were performed on 679 flavonoid compounds and 481 corresponding targets through bioinformatics analysis. Multiple human diseases related pathways including cancers, neuro-disease, diabetes, and infectious diseases were significantly regulated by flavonoids. Specific functions of each flavonoid subclass were further analyzed in both target and pathway level. Flavones and isoflavones were significantly enriched in multi-cancer related pathways, flavan-3-ols were found focusing on cellular processing and lymphocyte regulation, flavones preferred to act on cardiovascular related activities and isoflavones were closely related with cell multisystem disorders. Relationship between chemical constitution fragment and biological effects indicated that different side chain could significantly affect the biological functions of flavonoids subclasses. Results will highlight the common and preference functions of flavonoids and their subclasses, which concerning their pharmacological and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Qiu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingfeng Wu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - LinLin Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Medicine Research Center, Hebei General Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Ye
- Sinotech Genomics Ltd., Shanghai, China.,East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kailin Tang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Starita N, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. Telomerase promoter mutations in human immunodeficiency virus-related conjunctiva neoplasia. J Transl Med 2018; 16:77. [PMID: 29562930 PMCID: PMC5861639 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the conjunctiva is a common cancer in Africa mainly associated with solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We analyzed the role of HIV on the occurrence of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations among a cohort of conjunctiva neoplasia Ugandan patients. METHODS Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations were searched in 72 conjunctiva neoplasia cases, comprising SCC and intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1-3 (CIN1-3), as well as in 53 conjunctiva normal tissues and in 24 HIV-related Kaposi sarcoma. RESULTS The average prevalence of TERT promoter mutations in conjunctiva neoplasia was 31.9%. The mutation rates were significantly higher in HIV-positive (31.8% of CIN1 and CIN2, 46.2% of CIN3 and SCC,) than HIV-negative patients (22.2% of CIN1 and CIN2, 13.3% of CIN3 and SCC). Such mutations were rarely identified among HIV-positive conjunctiva controls (3.6%) and never in Kaposi sarcoma lesions. The most frequent variations were the hot spots - 124G>A and - 146G>A and tandem transitions - 124_125GG>AA and - 138_139GG>AA. CONCLUSIONS Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations are early events in conjunctival neoplasia and could be used for timely diagnosis of conjunctiva tumours. The high frequency of UV-signatures in HIV-positive conjunctiva lesions suggests an additive effect of the virus to UV-related mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemy Starita
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Franco M Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", via Mariano Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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15
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Vitelli V, Falvo P, G Nergadze S, Santagostino M, Khoriauli L, Pellanda P, Bertino G, Occhini A, Benazzo M, Morbini P, Paulli M, Porta C, Giulotto E. Telomeric Repeat-Containing RNAs (TERRA) Decrease in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Is Associated with Worsened Clinical Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010274. [PMID: 29342094 PMCID: PMC5796220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are transcribed into noncoding telomeric repeat-containing RNAs (TERRA), which are essential for telomere maintenance. Deregulation of TERRA transcription impairs telomere metabolism and a role in tumorigenesis has been proposed. Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide, with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) being the predominant type. Since HNSCC patients are characterized by altered telomere maintenance, a dysfunction in telomere transcription can be hypothesized. In this prospective study, we compared TERRA levels in the tumor and matched normal tissue from 23 HNSCC patients. We then classified patients in two categories according to the level of TERRA expression in the tumor compared to the normal tissue: (1) lower expression in the tumor, (2) higher or similar expression in tumor. A significant proportion of patients in the first group died of the disease within less than 34 months postsurgery, while the majority of patients in the second group were alive and disease-free. Our results highlight a striking correlation between TERRA expression and tumor aggressiveness in HNSCC suggesting that TERRA levels may be proposed as a novel molecular prognostic marker for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Vitelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Falvo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Solomon G Nergadze
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Santagostino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Lela Khoriauli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paola Pellanda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Giulia Bertino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Occhini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Paulli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Camillo Porta
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Matteo University Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Elena Giulotto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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16
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Burtness B. The tumor genome in human immunodeficiency virus-related head and neck cancer: Exploitable targets? Cancer 2018; 124:14-17. [PMID: 29053184 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Burtness
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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