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Calagua-Bedoya EA, Rajasekaran V, De Witte L, Perez-Rodriguez MM. The Role of Inflammation in Depression and Beyond: A Primer for Clinicians. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2024; 26:514-529. [PMID: 39187612 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-024-01526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We evaluate available evidence for the role of inflammation in depression. We reappraise literature involving systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation and neurotransmission and their association with depression. We review the connection between depression, autoimmunity and infectious diseases. We revise anti-inflammatory treatments used in depression. RECENT FINDINGS Peripheral inflammatory markers are present in a subset of patients with depression and can alter common neurotransmitters in this population but there is no clear causality between depression and systemic inflammation. Infectious conditions and autoimmune illnesses do not have a clear correlation with depression. Certain medications have positive evidence as adjunctive treatments in depression but studies are heterogenic, hence they are sparsely used in clinical settings. The current evidence does not fully support inflammation, infections or autoimmunity as possible etiologies of depression. The available studies have numerous confounders that obscure the findings. Anti-inflammatory agents may have potential for treatment of depression, but further research is needed to clarify their usefulness in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Andres Calagua-Bedoya
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA.
| | | | - Lotje De Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
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Faucher C, Borne L, Behler A, Paton B, Giorgio J, Fripp J, Thienel R, Lupton MK, Breakspear M. A central role of sulcal width in the associations of sleep duration and depression with cognition in mid to late life. SLEEP ADVANCES : A JOURNAL OF THE SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 5:zpae058. [PMID: 39221446 PMCID: PMC11362672 DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Study Objectives Evidence suggests that poor sleep impacts cognition, brain health, and dementia risk but the nature of the association is poorly understood. This study examined how self-reported sleep duration, napping, and subjective depression symptoms are associated with the brain-cognition relationship in older adults, using sulcal width as a measure of relative brain health. Methods A canonical partial least squares analysis was used to obtain two composite variables that relate cognition and sulcal width in a cross-sectional study of 137 adults aged 46-72. We used a combination of ANCOVA and path analyses to test the associations of self-reported sleep duration, napping, and subjective depression symptoms with the brain-cognition relationship. Results We observed a significant main effect of sleep duration on sulcal width, with participants reporting 7 hours showing narrower sulci than other durations. This effect remained significant after including subjective depression as a covariate, which also had a significant main effect on sulcal width in the model. There was no significant effect of napping on sulcal width. In path analyses where the effects of age, self-reported sleep duration and depression symptoms were investigated together, sulcal width mediated the relationship between age and cognition. We also observed a significant indirect effect of sulci width in the subjective depression-cognition relationship. Conclusions Findings suggest that self-reported sleep duration and subjective depression may each be independently associated with brain morphology, which is related to cognitive functions. Results could help inform clinical trials and related intervention studies that aim at delaying cognitive decline in adults at risk of developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Faucher
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Léonie Borne
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Anna Behler
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Bryan Paton
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Joseph Giorgio
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Jurgen Fripp
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Renate Thienel
- School of Public Health and Medicine, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Breakspear
- School of Psychological Science, College of Science, Engineering and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Australia
- School of Public Health and Medicine, College of Health Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Australia
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Schaefer JK, Engert V, Valk SL, Singer T, Puhlmann LM. Mapping pathways to neuronal atrophy in healthy, mid-aged adults: From chronic stress to systemic inflammation to neurodegeneration? Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100781. [PMID: 38725445 PMCID: PMC11081785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates systemic inflammation in the loss of structural brain integrity in natural ageing and disorder development. Chronic stress and glucocorticoid exposure can potentiate inflammatory processes and may also be linked to neuronal atrophy, particularly in the hippocampus and the human neocortex. To improve understanding of emerging maladaptive interactions between stress and inflammation, this study examined evidence for glucocorticoid- and inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration in healthy mid-aged adults. N = 169 healthy adults (mean age = 39.4, 64.5% female) were sampled from the general population in the context of the ReSource Project. Stress, inflammation and neuronal atrophy were quantified using physiological indices of chronic stress (hair cortisol (HCC) and cortisone (HEC) concentration), systemic inflammation (interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)), the systemic inflammation index (SII), hippocampal volume (HCV) and cortical thickness (CT) in regions of interest. Structural equation models were used to examine evidence for pathways from stress and inflammation to neuronal atrophy. Model fit indices indicated good representation of stress, inflammation, and neurological data through the constructed models (CT model: robust RMSEA = 0.041, robust χ2 = 910.90; HCV model: robust RMSEA <0.001, robust χ2 = 40.95). Among inflammatory indices, only the SII was positively associated with hair cortisol as one indicator of chronic stress (β = 0.18, p < 0.05). Direct and indirect pathways from chronic stress and systemic inflammation to cortical thickness or hippocampal volume were non-significant. In exploratory analysis, the SII was inversely related to mean cortical thickness. Our results emphasize the importance of considering the multidimensionality of systemic inflammation and chronic stress, with various indicators that may represent different aspects of the systemic reaction. We conclude that inflammation and glucocorticoid-mediated neurodegeneration indicated by IL-6 and hs-CRP and HCC and HEC may only emerge during advanced ageing and disorder processes, still the SII could be a promising candidate for detecting associations between inflammation and neurodegeneration in younger and healthy samples. Future work should examine these pathways in prospective longitudinal designs, for which the present investigation serves as a baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K. Schaefer
- Cognitive Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Veronika Engert
- Research Group “Social Stress and Family Health”, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Psychosocial Medicine, Psychotherapy and Psychooncology, Jena University Clinic, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Sofie L. Valk
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, FZ Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tania Singer
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lara M.C. Puhlmann
- Research Group “Social Stress and Family Health”, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
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Fu CHY, Antoniades M, Erus G, Garcia JA, Fan Y, Arnone D, Arnott SR, Chen T, Choi KS, Fatt CC, Frey BN, Frokjaer VG, Ganz M, Godlewska BR, Hassel S, Ho K, McIntosh AM, Qin K, Rotzinger S, Sacchet MD, Savitz J, Shou H, Singh A, Stolicyn A, Strigo I, Strother SC, Tosun D, Victor TA, Wei D, Wise T, Zahn R, Anderson IM, Craighead WE, Deakin JFW, Dunlop BW, Elliott R, Gong Q, Gotlib IH, Harmer CJ, Kennedy SH, Knudsen GM, Mayberg HS, Paulus MP, Qiu J, Trivedi MH, Whalley HC, Yan CG, Young AH, Davatzikos C. Neuroanatomical dimensions in medication-free individuals with major depressive disorder and treatment response to SSRI antidepressant medications or placebo. NATURE. MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 2:164-176. [PMID: 38948238 PMCID: PMC11211072 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-023-00187-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with widespread subtle neuroanatomical correlates. Our objective was to identify the neuroanatomical dimensions that characterize MDD and predict treatment response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants or placebo. In the COORDINATE-MDD consortium, raw MRI data were shared from international samples (N = 1,384) of medication-free individuals with first-episode and recurrent MDD (N = 685) in a current depressive episode of at least moderate severity, but not treatment-resistant depression, as well as healthy controls (N = 699). Prospective longitudinal data on treatment response were available for a subset of MDD individuals (N = 359). Treatments were either SSRI antidepressant medication (escitalopram, citalopram, sertraline) or placebo. Multi-center MRI data were harmonized, and HYDRA, a semi-supervised machine-learning clustering algorithm, was utilized to identify patterns in regional brain volumes that are associated with disease. MDD was optimally characterized by two neuroanatomical dimensions that exhibited distinct treatment responses to placebo and SSRI antidepressant medications. Dimension 1 was characterized by preserved gray and white matter (N = 290 MDD), whereas Dimension 2 was characterized by widespread subtle reductions in gray and white matter (N = 395 MDD) relative to healthy controls. Although there were no significant differences in age of onset, years of illness, number of episodes, or duration of current episode between dimensions, there was a significant interaction effect between dimensions and treatment response. Dimension 1 showed a significant improvement in depressive symptoms following treatment with SSRI medication (51.1%) but limited changes following placebo (28.6%). By contrast, Dimension 2 showed comparable improvements to either SSRI (46.9%) or placebo (42.2%) (β = -18.3, 95% CI (-34.3 to -2.3), P = 0.03). Findings from this case-control study indicate that neuroimaging-based markers can help identify the disease-based dimensions that constitute MDD and predict treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia H. Y. Fu
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Guray Erus
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jose A. Garcia
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Danilo Arnone
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Taolin Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ki Sueng Choi
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Cherise Chin Fatt
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Benicio N. Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Vibe G. Frokjaer
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melanie Ganz
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Beata R. Godlewska
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefanie Hassel
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Keith Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kun Qin
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Susan Rotzinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Matthew D. Sacchet
- Meditation Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Haochang Shou
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor (PennSIVE) Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Ashish Singh
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Aleks Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Irina Strigo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Stephen C. Strother
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Duygu Tosun
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | | | - Dongtao Wei
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Toby Wise
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Zahn
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ian M. Anderson
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - W. Edward Craighead
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - J. F. William Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Boadie W. Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ian H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | | | - Sidney H. Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada
- Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Gitte M. Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helen S. Mayberg
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | | | - Jiang Qiu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Madhukar H. Trivedi
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Depression Research and Clinical Care, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Heather C. Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chao-Gan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Allan H. Young
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Kang Y, Kang W, Kim A, Tae WS, Ham BJ, Han KM. Decreased cortical gyrification in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7512-7524. [PMID: 37154200 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early neurodevelopmental deviations, such as abnormal cortical folding patterns, are candidate biomarkers of major depressive disorder (MDD). We aimed to investigate the association of MDD with the local gyrification index (LGI) in each cortical region at the whole-brain level, and the association of the LGI with clinical characteristics of MDD. METHODS We obtained T1-weighted images from 234 patients with MDD and 215 healthy controls (HCs). The LGI values from 66 cortical regions in the bilateral hemispheres were automatically calculated according to the Desikan-Killiany atlas. We compared the LGI values between the MDD and HC groups using analysis of covariance, including age, sex, and years of education as covariates. The association between the clinical characteristics and LGI values was investigated in the MDD group. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with MDD showed significantly decreased LGI values in the cortical regions, including the bilateral ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortices, insula, right rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and several temporal and parietal regions, with the largest effect size in the left pars triangularis (Cohen's f2 = 0.361; p = 1.78 × 10-13). Regarding the association of clinical characteristics with LGIs within the MDD group, recurrence and longer illness duration were associated with increased gyrification in several occipital and temporal regions, which showed no significant difference in LGIs between the MDD and HC groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the LGI may be a relatively stable neuroimaging marker associated with MDD predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sambuco N, Bradley MM, Lang PJ. Dimensional distress and orbitofrontal thickness in anxiety patients. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 335:111708. [PMID: 37717542 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Thickness of the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) was assessed as it varied with reported symptoms of anxiety and depression in a large sample of anxiety patients. A principal component analysis identified a primary factor of transdiagnostic dimensional distress that predicted 24% of the mOFC variance. Severity of distress symptomology was associated with thinning of the mOFC in both hemispheres for both men and women, regardless of the primary DSM diagnosis. Taken together, the data indicate that mOFC thickness might be useful as an objective measure of disorder severity as well as to assess pharmacological or psychological treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Sambuco
- Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Margaret M Bradley
- Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Peter J Lang
- Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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Ge X, Wang L, Pan L, Ye H, Zhu X, Fan S, Feng Q, Du Q, Yu W, Ding Z. Alteration of the cortical morphology in classical trigeminal neuralgia: voxel-, deformation-, and surface-based analysis. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:17. [PMID: 36809919 PMCID: PMC9942396 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to combine voxel-based morphometry, deformation-based morphometry, and surface-based morphometry to analyze gray matter volume and cortex shape in classical trigeminal neuralgia patients. METHODS This study included 79 classical trigeminal neuralgia patients and age- and sex-matched 81 healthy controls. The aforementioned three methods were used to analyze brain structure in classical trigeminal neuralgia patients. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of brain structure with the trigeminal nerve and clinical parameters. RESULTS The bilateral trigeminal nerve was atrophied, and the ipsilateral trigeminal nerve volume was smaller than the contralateral volume in the classical trigeminal neuralgia. The gray matter volume of Temporal_Pole_Sup_R and Precentral_R was found to be decreased using voxel-based morphometry. The gray matter volume of Temporal_Pole_Sup_R had a positive correlation with disease duration and a negative correlation with the cross-section area of the compression point and the quality-of-life score in trigeminal neuralgia. The gray matter volume of Precentral_R was negatively correlated with the ipsilateral volume of the trigeminal nerve cisternal segment, cross-section area of compression point, and visual analogue scale. The gray matter volume of Temporal_Pole_Sup_L was found to be increased using deformation-based morphometry and had a negative correlation with the self-rating anxiety scale. The gyrification of the middle temporal gyrus_L increased and the Postcentral_L thickness decreased, as detected using surface-based morphometry. CONCLUSIONS The gray matter volume and cortical morphology of pain-related brain regions were correlated with clinical and trigeminal nerve parameters. voxel-based morphometry, deformation-based morphometry, and surface-based morphometry complemented each other in analyzing the brain structures of patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia and provided a basis for studying the pathophysiology of classical trigeminal neuralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Ge
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China ,Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineShangcheng District, No.261, Huansha RoadZhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Luoyu Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China ,Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineShangcheng District, No.261, Huansha RoadZhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006 China
| | - Lei Pan
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiqi Ye
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Zhu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sandra Fan
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Feng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenhua Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongxiang Ding
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineShangcheng District, No.261, Huansha RoadZhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment for Neuroimaging in Depressive Disorders. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091403. [PMID: 36143188 PMCID: PMC9504356 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders are highly heterogeneous in nature. Previous studies have not been useful for the clinical diagnosis and prediction of outcomes of major depressive disorder (MDD) at the individual level, although they provide many meaningful insights. To make inferences beyond group-level analyses, machine learning (ML) techniques can be used for the diagnosis of subtypes of MDD and the prediction of treatment responses. We searched PubMed for relevant studies published until December 2021 that included depressive disorders and applied ML algorithms in neuroimaging fields for depressive disorders. We divided these studies into two sections, namely diagnosis and treatment outcomes, for the application of prediction using ML. Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using ML algorithms were included. Thirty studies were summarized for the prediction of an MDD diagnosis. In addition, 19 studies on the prediction of treatment outcomes for MDD were reviewed. We summarized and discussed the results of previous studies. For future research results to be useful in clinical practice, ML enabling individual inferences is important. At the same time, there are important challenges to be addressed in the future.
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Motter JN, Lee S, Sneed JR, Doraiswamy PM, Pelton GH, Petrella JR, Devanand DP. Cortical thickness predicts remission of depression with antidepressants in patients with late-life depression and cognitive impairment. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:438-445. [PMID: 34507224 PMCID: PMC8551049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression (DEP) and cognitive impairment (CI) share etiological risk factors, anatomical underpinnings, and interact to produce deleterious treatment outcomes. Both DEP and CI exhibit altered patterns of cortical thickness which may impact the course of antidepressant treatment, though inconsistencies in directionality and affected brain regions have been reported. In this study, we examined the relationship between cortical thickness and treatment outcome in older adults with comorbid DEP-CI. METHODS 55 patients with DEP-CI received baseline MRI scans as part of a larger clinical trial at NYSPI/Columbia University Medical Center and Duke University Medical Center. Mood was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Patients received open antidepressant treatment for 8 weeks followed by another 8 weeks of the same medication or switch to another antidepressant for a total of 16 weeks. Cortical thickness was extracted using an automated brain segmentation program (FreeSurfer). Vertex-wise analyses evaluated the relationship between cortical thickness and treatment outcome. RESULTS Remitters exhibited diffuse clusters of greater cortical thickness and reduced cortical thickness compared to non-remitters. Thicker baseline middle frontal gyrus most consistently predicted greater likelihood and faster rate of remission. White matter hyperintensities and hippocampal volume were not associated with antidepressant treatment outcome. LIMITATIONS MRI was conducted at baseline only and sample size was small. DISCUSSION Cortical thickness predicts treatment remission and magnitude of early improvement. Results indicate that individuals with DEP-CI exhibit unique patterns of structural abnormalities compared to their depressed peers without CI that have consequences for their recovery with antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute
| | - Joel R. Sneed
- Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute,Queens College, City University of New York,The Graduate Center, City University of New York
| | | | | | | | - D. P. Devanand
- Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute,Correspondence: Jeffrey N. Motter, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032,
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10
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Klinger-König J, Frenzel S, Hannemann A, Wittfeld K, Bülow R, Friedrich N, Nauck M, Völzke H, Grabe HJ. Sex differences in the association between basal serum cortisol concentrations and cortical thickness. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100416. [PMID: 34786441 PMCID: PMC8578044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Basal cortisol concentrations vary between men and women. Likewise, previous findings suggest stress-related cortical thickness alterations. Thus, we aimed at elucidating sex differences in the association between serum cortisol concentrations and cortical thickness. Methods Data of 2594 participants (55.55% male; mean age = 53.55 years ± 13.17 years) of the general population were used to investigate sex differences in basal serum cortisol concentrations and associations of serum cortisol concentrations with global and regional cortical thickness. The validity of the results was tested by including sex hormone concentrations as a biological and childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms as a psychological confounder. Results Basal serum cortisol concentrations were higher in men than in women (β = -0.158, t(2575) = -6.852, p = 9.056e-12). Sex differences in serum cortisol concentrations were diminished by including serum concentrations of testosterone, estrone, or estradiol in the models. In men but not in women, serum cortisol concentrations were inversely associated with the global cortical thickness (men: β = -0.064, t(1412) = -3.010, p = .003; women: β = -0.016, t(1131) = -0.607, p = .544). Additionally, these effects were observed in eleven cortical regions after adjusting for multiple testing. The associations were independent of childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms. Conclusion Sex differences in serum cortisol concentrations and the association between serum cortisol concentrations and cortical thickness suggest important sex-specific effects of stress on the brain. Future studies should integrate the interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in sex-stratified analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
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11
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Lee JS, Kang W, Kang Y, Kim A, Han KM, Tae WS, Ham BJ. Alterations in the Occipital Cortex of Drug-Naïve Adults With Major Depressive Disorder: A Surface-Based Analysis of Surface Area and Cortical Thickness. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:1025-1033. [PMID: 34666430 PMCID: PMC8542746 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Advances in surface-based morphometric methods have allowed researchers to separate cortical volume into cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (SA). Although CTh alterations in major depressive disorder (MDD) have been observed in numerous studies, few studies have described significant SA alterations. Our study aimed to measure patients' SAs and to compare it with their CTh to examine whether SA exhibits alteration patterns that differ from those of CTh in drug-naïve patients with MDD. METHODS A total of 71 drug-naïve MDD patients and 111 healthy controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging, and SA and CTh were analyzed between the groups. RESULTS We found a smaller SA in the left superior occipital gyrus (L-SOG) in drug-naïve patients with MDD. In the CTh analysis, the bilateral fusiform gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, left temporal superior gyrus, and right posterior cingulate showed thinner cortices in patients with MDD, while the CTh of the bilateral SOG, right straight gyrus, right posterior cingulate, and left lingual gyrus were increased. CONCLUSION Compared with the bilateral occipito-temporal changes in CTh, SA alterations in patients with MDD were confined to the L-SOG. These findings may improve our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of SA alteration in relation to MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Liu X, Li L, Li M, Ren Z, Ma P. Characterizing the subtype of anhedonia in major depressive disorder: A symptom-specific multimodal MRI study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 308:111239. [PMID: 33453684 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anhedonia is a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD). Two subtypes of anhedonia: anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia has been recognized in MDD patients. However, our knowledge regarding the distinction of anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia in MDD remains limited. This study aimed to characterize the anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia in first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients. Resting-state functional MRI and T1-structural MRI were acquired for 38 MDD patients and 65 matched healthy controls (HCs). The ALFF and cortical surface indexes were compared between MDD and HCs. Then the correlations between the ALFF and cortical surface indexes alternations and the scores of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure measured by Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale were evaluated. The elevated ALFF of left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the reduced cortical thickness (CT) of left rostral ACC and lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) were respectively correlated with anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia in MDD patients. These findings suggested the dissociated pathophysiological basis and imaging characteristics of anticipatory anhedonia and consummatory anhedonia. The ALFF and CT values of ACC and lOFC might serve as the imaging biomarker of the subtypes of anhedonia in early onset of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, First affiliated hospital of JINAN University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Lingsheng Li
- Medical Imaging Center, First affiliated hospital of JINAN University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Meng Li
- Medical Imaging Center, First affiliated hospital of JINAN University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zepu Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, First affiliated hospital of JINAN University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, First affiliated hospital of JINAN University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Zheng R, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Han S, Cheng J. Reduced Brain Gray Matter Volume in Patients With First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder: A Quantitative Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:671348. [PMID: 34276443 PMCID: PMC8282212 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.671348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The findings of many neuroimaging studies in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD), and even those of previous meta-analysis, are divergent. To quantitatively integrate these studies, we performed a meta-analysis of gray matter volumes using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature search for relevant studies and traced the references up to May 1, 2021 to select the VBM studies between first-episode MDD and healthy controls (HC). A quantitative meta-analysis of VBM studies on first-episode MDD was performed using the Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI) method, which allows a familywise error rate (FWE) correction for multiple comparisons of the results. Meta-regression was used to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics. Results: Nineteen studies, with 22 datasets comprising 619 first-episode MDD and 707 HC, were included. The pooled and subgroup meta-analysis showed robust gray matter reductions in the left insula, the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus extending into the bilateral hippocampus, the right gyrus rectus extending into the right striatum, the right superior frontal gyrus (dorsolateral part), the left superior frontal gyrus (medial part) and the left superior parietal gyrus. Meta-regression analyses showed that higher HDRS scores were significantly more likely to present reduced gray matter volumes in the right amygdala, and the mean age of MDD patients in each study was negatively correlated with reduced gray matter in the left insula. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis revealed that structural abnormalities in the fronto-striatal-limbic and fronto-parietal networks are essential characteristics in first-episode MDD patients, which may become a potential target for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengui Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Brain structural network alterations related to serum cortisol levels in drug-naïve, first-episode major depressive disorder patients: a source-based morphometric study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22096. [PMID: 33328539 PMCID: PMC7745014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher cortisol levels due to a hyperactive hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis have been reported in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Increased cortisol levels change both the brain morphology and function in MDD patients. The multivariate source-based morphometry (SBM) technique has been applied to investigate neuroanatomical changes in some neuropsychiatric diseases, but not MDD. We aimed to examine the alterations in gray matter (GM) networks and their relationship with serum cortisol levels in first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients using SBM. Forty-two patients with MDD and 39 controls were recruited via interviews. Morning serum cortisol levels were measured, and high-resolution T1-weighted imaging followed by SBM analysis was performed in all participants. The patients had significantly higher serum cortisol levels than the controls. We found two GM sources, which were significantly different between patients with MDD and controls (prefrontal network, p < .01; insula-temporal network, p < .01). Serum cortisol levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the loading coefficients of the prefrontal network (r = − 0.354, p = 0.02). In conclusion, increased serum cortisol levels were associated with reductions in the prefrontal network in the early stage of MDD, and SBM may be a useful approach for analyzing structural MRI data.
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15
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Parental Education, Household Income, and Cortical Surface Area among 9-10 Years Old Children: Minorities' Diminished Returns. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10120956. [PMID: 33317053 PMCID: PMC7763341 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10120956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Although the effects of parental education and household income on children's brain development are well established, less is known about possible variation in these effects across diverse racial and ethnic groups. According to the Minorities' Diminished Returns (MDRs) phenomenon, due to structural racism, social stratification, and residential segregation, parental educational attainment and household income show weaker effects for non-White than White children. Purpose: Built on the MDRs framework and conceptualizing race as a social rather than a biological factor, this study explored racial and ethnic variation in the magnitude of the effects of parental education and household income on children's whole-brain cortical surface area. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we used baseline socioeconomic and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Our analytical sample was 10,262 American children between ages 9 and 10. The independent variables were parental education and household income. The primary outcome was the children's whole-brain cortical surface area. Age, sex, and family marital status were covariates. Race and ethnicity were the moderators. We used mixed-effects regression models for data analysis as participants were nested within families and study sites. Results: High parental education and household income were associated with larger children's whole-brain cortical surface area. The effects of high parental education and high household income on children's whole-brain cortical surface area were modified by race. Compared to White children, Black children showed a diminished return of high parental education on the whole-brain cortical surface area when compared to White children. Asian American children showed weaker effects of household income on the whole-brain cortical surface area when compared to White children. We could not find differential associations between parental education and household income with the whole-brain cortical surface area, when compared to White children, for non-Hispanic and Hispanic children. Conclusions: The effects of parental educational attainment and household income on children's whole-brain cortical surface area are weaker in non-White than White families. Although parental education and income contribute to children's brain development, these effects are unequal across racial groups.
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16
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Li Q, Zhao Y, Chen Z, Long J, Dai J, Huang X, Lui S, Radua J, Vieta E, Kemp GJ, Sweeney JA, Li F, Gong Q. Meta-analysis of cortical thickness abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:703-712. [PMID: 31694045 PMCID: PMC7021694 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in cortical thickness have been identified in major depressive disorder (MDD), but findings have been variable and inconsistent. To date, no reliable tools have been available for the meta-analysis of surface-based morphometric (SBM) studies to effectively characterize what has been learned in previous studies, and drug treatments may have differentially impacted findings. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that explored cortical thickness in medication-free patients with MDD, using a newly developed meta-analytic mask compatible with seed-based d mapping (SDM) meta-analytic software. We performed the meta-regression to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics on variation in cortical thickness in MDD. Fifteen studies describing 529 patients and 586 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Medication-free patients with MDD, relative to HCs, showed a complex pattern of increased cortical thickness in some areas (posterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) and decreased cortical thickness in others (gyrus rectus, orbital segment of the superior frontal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus). Most findings in the whole sample analysis were confirmed in a meta-analysis of studies recruiting medication-naive patients. Using the new mask specifically developed for SBM studies, this SDM meta-analysis provides evidence for regional cortical thickness alterations in MDD, mainly involving increased cortical thickness in the default mode network and decreased cortical thickness in the orbitofrontal and temporal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Youjin Zhao
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Jingyi Long
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Psychoradiology, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Su Lui
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fPsychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain ,0000 0004 1937 0626grid.4714.6Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain ,0000 0004 1937 0247grid.5841.8Barcelona Bipolar Disorders and Depressive Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Graham J. Kemp
- 0000 0004 1936 8470grid.10025.36Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John A. Sweeney
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 P. R. China ,0000 0001 2179 9593grid.24827.3bDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Fei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China. .,Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China. .,Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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17
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Sandini C, Chambaz M, Schneider M, Armando M, Zöller D, Schaer M, Sandi C, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Pituitary dysmaturation affects psychopathology and neurodevelopment in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 113:104540. [PMID: 31958652 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) confers strongly increased genetic risk for multiple psychiatric disorders. Similarly to the general population, rates of psychiatric comorbidity suggest that common disease mechanisms are shared across dimensions of psychopathology. Such pleiotropic disease mechanisms remain however currently unknown. We hypothesized that pituitary dysmaturation, indicative of HPA-axis dysregulation, could correlate to reduced tolerance to daily life stressors and reflect pleiotropic risk factor for psychopathology. Moreover HPA-axis dysregulation could affect atypical cortical and hippocampal development previously described in 22q11DS. METHODS Pituitary volume, hippocampal volume and cortical thickness measures were obtained from T1-weighted MRI images in a large longitudinal cohort of youth with 22q11DS (115 subjects, 260 scans, age-range = 5.4-31.6) and healthy controls (151 subjects, 280 scans, age-range = 5.1-32.3). We explored effects of pituitary dysmaturation on tolerance to stress, psychopathology and neurodevelopment employing mixed-models linear regression. Associations of pituitary and cortical development were correlated with the expression pattern of glucocorticoid receptor gene NR3C1 obtained from the Allen-Human-Brain-Atlas. RESULTS We observed aberrant pituitary developmental trajectories in 22q11DS, with volumetric reductions emerging by young-adulthood (P = 0.0006). Longitudinal pituitary decline was associated with to reduced tolerance to stress (P = 0.04), higher overall psychopathology (P = 0.0003) and increased risk of psychiatric comorbidity (P = 0.02). Moreover, pituitary decline correlated with blunted growth of the right hippocampus (P = 0.03) and to increased cortical thinning of mostly temporal and orbitofrontal regions mediated by NR3C1 gene expression. CONCLUSION Atypical pituitary development could reflect progressive extinction of HPAA due to chronic hyper-activation, in agreement with existing biochemical evidence in 22q11DS. HPAA dysregulation could represent and endophenotype that confers pleiotropic vulnerability to psychopathology and atypical neurodevelopment in 22q11DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maëlle Chambaz
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Armando
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Zöller
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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18
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Pirnia B, Khosravani V, Maleki F, Kalbasi R, Pirnia K, Malekanmehr P, Zahiroddin A. The role of childhood maltreatment in cortisol in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in methamphetamine-dependent individuals with and without depression comorbidity and suicide attempts. J Affect Disord 2020; 263:274-281. [PMID: 31818789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation which was found to have an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, suicide, and substance dependence, may be influenced by childhood maltreatment (CM). The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between CM and cortisol changes in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, methamphetamine-dependent individuals (n = =195) with or without both comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and a history of suicide attempts were selected and completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). To assess cortisol levels, saliva samples were collected at six time intervals for two consecutive days. RESULTS A history of CM significantly predicted wake-up cortisol level, cortisol awakening response (CAR), and diurnal cortisol slope. Methamphetamine-dependent individuals with both MDD and lifetime suicide attempts had higher CM and higher cortisol levels with a blunted diurnal cortisol slope than individuals who were merely methamphetamine-dependent. Individuals with high CM showed higher cortisol levels with a blunted diurnal slope than those with low or without CM. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data and use of self-report scales, especially retrospective measurements (e.g., the CTQ-SF), were important limitations of this study. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that methamphetamine-dependent individuals with adverse psychological factors such as CM, MDD, and suicide attempts may show dysregulation in biological factors including cortisol level. In addition, CM and its effects on cortisol in the HPA axis may emerge as important factors regarding psychopathological use of methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Pirnia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran; Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahid Khosravani
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Faezeh Maleki
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rozita Kalbasi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish Island, Iran
| | - Kambiz Pirnia
- Internal disease specialist, Technical Assistant in Bijan Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Malekanmehr
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Alireza Zahiroddin
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Sullivan DR, Morrison FG, Wolf EJ, Logue MW, Fortier CB, Salat DH, Fonda JR, Stone A, Schichman S, Milberg W, McGlinchey R, Miller MW. The PPM1F gene moderates the association between PTSD and cortical thickness. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:201-209. [PMID: 31446381 PMCID: PMC6791735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in serotonergic signaling and stress response pathways moderate associations between PTSD and cortical thickness. This study examined a genetic regulator of these pathways, the PPM1F gene, which has also been implicated in mechanisms of stress responding and is differentially expressed in individuals with comorbid PTSD and depression compared to controls. METHODS Drawing from a sample of 240 white non-Hispanic trauma-exposed veterans, we tested 18 SNPs spanning the PPM1F gene for association with PTSD and cortical thickness. RESULTS Analyses revealed six PPM1F SNPs that moderated associations between PTSD symptom severity and cortical thickness of bilateral superior frontal and orbitofrontal regions as well as the right pars triangularis (all corrected p's < 0.05) such that greater PTSD severity was related to reduced cortical thickness as a function of genotype. A whole-cortex vertex-wise analysis using the most associated SNP (rs9610608) revealed this effect to be localized to a cluster in the right superior frontal gyrus (cluster-corrected p < 0.02). LIMITATIONS Limitations of this study include the small sample size and that the sample was all-white, non-Hispanic predominately male veterans. CONCLUSIONS These results extend prior work linking PPM1F to PTSD and suggest that variants in this gene may have bearing on the neural integrity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R. Sullivan
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filomene G. Morrison
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine B. Fortier
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H. Salat
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Anthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Fonda
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AK, USA
| | - Steven Schichman
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AK, USA
| | - William Milberg
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina McGlinchey
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Hauger LE, Westlye LT, Fjell AM, Walhovd KB, Bjørnebekk A. Structural brain characteristics of anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence in men. Addiction 2019; 114:1405-1415. [PMID: 30955206 PMCID: PMC6767448 DOI: 10.1111/add.14629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify differences in brain morphology between dependent and non-dependent male anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users. DESIGN This study used cross-sectional data from a longitudinal study on male weightlifters. PARTICIPANTS Oslo University Hospital, Norway. SETTING Eighty-one AAS users were divided into two groups; AAS-dependent (n = 43) and AAS-non-dependent (n = 38). MEASUREMENTS Neuroanatomical volumes and cerebral cortical thickness were estimated based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using FreeSurfer. Background and health information were obtained using a semi-structured interview. AAS-dependence was evaluated in a standardized clinical interview using a version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, adapted to apply to AAS-dependence. FINDINGS Compared with non-dependent users, dependent users had significantly thinner cortex in three clusters of the right hemisphere and in five clusters of the left hemisphere, including frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions. Profound differences were seen in frontal regions (left pars orbitalis, cluster-wise P < 0.001, right superior frontal, cluster-wise P < 0.001), as has been observed in other dependencies. Group differences were also seen when excluding participants with previous or current non-AAS drug abuse (left pre-central, cluster-wise P < 0.001, left pars orbitalis, cluster-wise P = 0.010). CONCLUSION Male dependent anabolic-androgenic steroid users appear to have thinner cortex in widespread regions, specifically in pre-frontal areas involved in inhibitory control and emotional regulation, compared with non-dependent anabolic-androgenic steroid users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E. Hauger
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, the Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway,Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Anders M. Fjell
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Kristine B. Walhovd
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of PsychologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway,Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Astrid Bjørnebekk
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, National Advisory Unit on Substance Use Disorder Treatment, the Division of Mental Health and AddictionOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
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21
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Suh JS, Schneider MA, Minuzzi L, MacQueen GM, Strother SC, Kennedy SH, Frey BN. Cortical thickness in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 88:287-302. [PMID: 30118825 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies assessing neurobiological differences between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC) are often hindered by small sample sizes and heterogeneity of the patient sample. We performed a comprehensive literature search for studies assessing cortical thickness between patient and control groups, including studies investigating treatment effects on cortical thickness. We identified 34 studies meeting criteria for the systematic review and used Seed-based d Mapping to meta-analyze 24 of those that met additional criteria. Analysis of the full sample of subjects (MDD = 1073; HC = 936) revealed significant thinning in the MDD group in the bilateral orbitofrontal gyrus (BA 11), left pars opercularis (BA 45) and left calcarine fissure/lingual gyrus (BA 17), as well as an area of significant thickening in the left supramarginal gyrus (BA 40). These results support other imaging modalities that report disruptions in various frontal and temporal areas in MDD and identify additional areas in all major cerebral lobes likely to be significant when parsing for biomarkers of treatment or relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Su Suh
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maiko Abel Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Glenda M MacQueen
- Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen C Strother
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Chair in Suicide & Depression Studies, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- MiNDS Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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22
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Katsuki A, Kakeda S, Watanabe K, Igata R, Otsuka Y, Kishi T, Nguyen L, Ueda I, Iwata N, Korogi Y, Yoshimura R. A single-nucleotide polymorphism influences brain morphology in drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:2425-2432. [PMID: 31692503 PMCID: PMC6711561 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s204461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, a genome-wide association study successfully identified genetic variants associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). The study identified 17 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with diagnosis of MDD. These SNPs were predicted to be enriched in genes that are expressed in the central nervous system and function in transcriptional regulation associated with neurodevelopment. The study aimed to investigate associations between 17 SNPs and brain morphometry using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in drug-naïve patients with MDD and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Forty-seven patients with MDD and 42 HCs were included. All participants underwent T1-weighted structural MRI and genotyping. The genotype-diagnosis interactions associated with regional cortical thicknesses were evaluated using voxel-based morphometry for the 17 SNPs. RESULTS Regarding rs301806, an SNP in the RERE genomic regions, we found a significant difference in a genotype effect in the right-lateral orbitofrontal and postcentral lobes between diagnosis groups. After testing every possible diagnostic comparison, the genotype-diagnosis interaction in these areas revealed that the cortical thickness reductions in the MDD group relative to those in the HC group were significantly larger in T/T individuals than in C-carrier ones. For the other SNPs, no brain area was noted where a genotype effect significantly differed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS We found that a RERE gene SNP was associated with cortical thickness reductions in the right-lateral orbitofrontal and postcentral lobes in drug-naïve patients with MDD. The effects of RERE gene polymorphism and gene-environment interactions may exist in brain structures of patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Ryohei Igata
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Yuka Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Taro Kishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 4701192, Japan
| | - LeHoa Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Issei Ueda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 4701192, Japan
| | - Yukunori Korogi
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan
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23
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Otsuka Y, Kakeda S, Sugimoto K, Katsuki A, Nguyen LH, Igata R, Watanabe K, Ueda I, Kishi T, Iwata N, Korogi Y, Yoshimura R. COMT polymorphism regulates the hippocampal subfield volumes in first-episode, drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:1537-1545. [PMID: 31239688 PMCID: PMC6560253 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s199598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Compared with healthy subjects (HS), patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit volume differences that affect the volume changes in several areas such as the limbic, cortical, subcortical, and white matter. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a methylation enzyme that catalyzes endogenous catecholamines. The Val158Met polymorphism of COMT has been reported to affect the dopamine (DA) levels, which plays an important role in psychiatric diseases. However, the relationships among both DA levels, COMT genotype, and brain morphology are complicated and controversial. In previous studies that investigated the hippocampal subfields, the greatest brain abnormalities in MDD patients were observed in Cornu Ammonis (CA)1 and the subiculum, followed by that in CA2-3. We have prospectively demonstrated the relationship between the single-nucleotide polymorphism of the Val158Met COMT gene (rs4680) and the hippocampal subfields in drug-naive MDD patients. Patients and methods: In this study, we compared 27 MDD patients and 42 HS who were divided into groups based on their COMT genotype. The effects of the diagnosis, genotype, and genotype-diagnosis interaction related to CA1 and the subiculum volumes, as well as the whole-brain cortical thickness, were evaluated by performing a FreeSurfer statistical analysis of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Results: The results revealed that there was a statistically significant interaction between the effects of diagnosis and genotype on the right subiculum (a component of the hippocampus). Conclusion: This Val158Met COMT polymorphism may influence the subiculum volume in drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sugimoto
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Asuka Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Le Hoa Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ryohei Igata
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Issei Ueda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Taro Kishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yukunori Korogi
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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24
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Wang Y, Chen G, Zhong S, Jia Y, Xia L, Lai S, Zhao L, Huang L, Liu T. Association between resting-state brain functional connectivity and cortisol levels in unmedicated major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 105:55-62. [PMID: 30189325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Disturbed hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function, which leads to excessive and prolonged hypercortisolemia, is a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationships between depression, brain structure and function, and cortisol levels are unclear. The current study examined the whole-brain functional connectivity pattern of patients with MDD and evaluated the association between functional connectivity and serum cortisol levels in MDD. A total of 93 unmedicated patients with MDD and 139 healthy control subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Voxel-wise whole-brain connectivity was analyzed by using a graph theory approach: functional connectivity strength (FCS). A seed-based resting-state functional connectivity analysis was further performed to investigate abnormal functional connectivity patterns of those regions with changed FCS. Morning blood samples were drawn for cortisol measurements in some subjects (including 53 MDD patients and 30 controls). The MDD patients had a significantly lower FCS in the left posterior lobes of the cerebellum (mainly lobule Crus II) (p < 0.05, TFCE corrected). The seed-based functional connectivity analysis revealed decreased functional connectivity between the left posterior cerebellum and the left medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (p < 0.05, TFCE corrected). Moreover, the functional connectivity between the left posterior cerebellum and the left medial OFC were significantly positively correlated with the serum cortisol levels in MDD patients. Our results suggest that cerebellar dysconnectivity, in particular distributed cerebellar-OFC functional connectivity, may be associated with serum cortisol levels in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Guanmao Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Liu Xia
- Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, 518003, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Lianping Zhao
- Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Li Huang
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Institute of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Tiebang Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, 518003, China.
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25
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Cortical and subcortical changes in patients with premenstrual syndrome. J Affect Disord 2018; 235:191-197. [PMID: 29656266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by a series of emotional, physical and behavioral symptoms. Although PMS is related to dysfunctions of the central nervous system, the neuropathological mechanism of PMS still has not been clearly established. The aim of this study is to evaluate potential differences in both cortical thickness and subcortical volumes in PMS patients compared to healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Twenty PMS patients and twenty HCs underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan and clinical assessment. Cortical thickness and subcortical volumes were computed using the FreeSurfer image analysis suite. Relationships between cortical thickness/subcortical volumes and the daily rating of severity of problems (DRSP) score were then measured in patients. RESULTS Compared to HCs, PMS patients exhibited reduced cortical thickness in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and insula, and increased subcortical volumes of the amygdala, thalamus and pallidum. Furthermore, negative correlations were detected between the DRSP and cortical thickness in the anterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. LIMITATIONS The study is limited by a small sample size and narrow age range of participants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the abnormal morphological changes are mainly implicated in emotional regulation and visceral perception in PMS patients. We hope that our study may contribute to a better understanding of PMS.
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26
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Kakeda S, Watanabe K, Katsuki A, Sugimoto K, Igata N, Ueda I, Igata R, Abe O, Yoshimura R, Korogi Y. Relationship between interleukin (IL)-6 and brain morphology in drug-naïve, first-episode major depressive disorder using surface-based morphometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10054. [PMID: 29968776 PMCID: PMC6030126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence to support the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathophysiology of depression; however, no previous studies have examined the relationship between cytokines and the brain morphology of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We therefore evaluated the relationship between serum cytokine levels and cortical thinning during the first depressive episode in drug-naïve patients with MDD. We measured the serum cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNFα), and whole-brain cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volumes on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using surface-based morphometry in 40 patients with MDD and 47 healthy volunteers (controls). Only the serum IL-6 level was significantly higher in patients with MDD than in controls. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) thickness was significantly reduced in patients with MDD, and showed a significant inverse correlation with the serum IL-6 level. Although high serum IL-6 levels were correlated with reduced left subiculum and right CA1, CA3, CA4, GC-DG, subiculum, and whole hippocampus volumes, the presence or absence of MDD had no effect on the volume of any hippocampal subfields. Our results suggest that IL-6 may play a key role in the morphological changes in the PFC during the early stage of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Asuka Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sugimoto
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Natsuki Igata
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Issei Ueda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ryohei Igata
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yukunori Korogi
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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27
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Zhang FF, Peng W, Sweeney JA, Jia ZY, Gong QY. Brain structure alterations in depression: Psychoradiological evidence. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:994-1003. [PMID: 29508560 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world, but little is known about its pathology. Currently, the diagnosis of depression is made based on clinical manifestations, with little objective evidence. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to investigate the pathological changes in brain anatomy associated with this disorder. MRI can identify structural alterations in depressive patients in vivo, which could make considerable contributions to clinical diagnosis and treatment. Numerous studies that focused on gray and white matter have found significant brain region alterations in major depressive disorder patients, such as in the frontal lobe, hippocampus, temporal lobe, thalamus, striatum, and amygdala. The results are inconsistent and controversial because of the different demographic and clinical characteristics. However, some regions overlapped; thus, we think that there may be a "hub" in MDD and that an impairment in these regions contributes to disease severity. Brain connections contain both structural connections and functional connections, which reflect disease from a different view and support that MDD may be caused by the interaction of multiple brain regions. According to previous reports, significant circuits include the frontal-subcortical circuit, the suicide circuit, and the reward circuit. As has been recognized, the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder is complex and changeable. The current review focuses on the significant alterations in the gray and white matter of patients with the depressive disorder to generate a better understanding of the circuits. Moreover, identifying the nuances of depressive disorder and finding a biomarker will make a significant contribution to the guidance of clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zhi-Yun Jia
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi-Yong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Anterior cingulate volume predicts response to psychotherapy and functional connectivity with the inferior parietal cortex in major depressive disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:138-148. [PMID: 29239789 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In major depressive disorder (MDD), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been associated with clinical outcome as well as with antidepressant treatment response. Nonetheless, the association between individual differences in ACC structure and function and the response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is still unexplored. For this aim, twenty-five unmedicated patients with MDD were scanned with structural and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging before the beginning of CBT treatment. ACC morphometry was correlated with clinical changes following psychotherapy. Furthermore, whole-brain resting state functional connectivity with the ACC was correlated with clinical measures. Greater volume in the left subgenual (subACC), the right pregenual (preACC), and the bilateral supragenual (supACC) predicted depressive symptoms improvement after CBT. Greater subACC volume was related to stronger functional connectivity with the inferior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Stronger subACC-inferior parietal cortex connectivity correlated with greater adaptive rumination. Greater preACC volume was associated with stronger functional connectivity with the inferior parietal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. In contrast, greater right supACC volume was related to lower functional connectivity with the inferior parietal cortex. These results suggest that ACC volume and its functional connectivity with the fronto-parietal cortex are associated with CBT response in MDD, and this may be mediated by adaptive forms of rumination. Our findings support the role of the subACC as a potential predictor for CBT response.
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29
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Schmaal L, Hibar DP, Sämann PG, Hall GB, Baune BT, Jahanshad N, Cheung JW, van Erp TGM, Bos D, Ikram MA, Vernooij MW, Niessen WJ, Tiemeier H, Hofman A, Wittfeld K, Grabe HJ, Janowitz D, Bülow R, Selonke M, Völzke H, Grotegerd D, Dannlowski U, Arolt V, Opel N, Heindel W, Kugel H, Hoehn D, Czisch M, Couvy-Duchesne B, Rentería ME, Strike LT, Wright MJ, Mills NT, de Zubicaray GI, McMahon KL, Medland SE, Martin NG, Gillespie NA, Goya-Maldonado R, Gruber O, Krämer B, Hatton SN, Lagopoulos J, Hickie IB, Frodl T, Carballedo A, Frey EM, van Velzen LS, Penninx BWJH, van Tol MJ, van der Wee NJ, Davey CG, Harrison BJ, Mwangi B, Cao B, Soares JC, Veer IM, Walter H, Schoepf D, Zurowski B, Konrad C, Schramm E, Normann C, Schnell K, Sacchet MD, Gotlib IH, MacQueen GM, Godlewska BR, Nickson T, McIntosh AM, Papmeyer M, Whalley HC, Hall J, Sussmann JE, Li M, Walter M, Aftanas L, Brack I, Bokhan NA, Thompson PM, Veltman DJ. Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:900-909. [PMID: 27137745 PMCID: PMC5444023 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 713] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Schmaal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - P G Sämann
- Neuroimaging Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - G B Hall
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - B T Baune
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - N Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - J W Cheung
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - T G M van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - D Bos
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M A Ikram
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M W Vernooij
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W J Niessen
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - H Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - H J Grabe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Bülow
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Selonke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Griefswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), partner site Griefswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Grotegerd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - U Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - V Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - N Opel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - W Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - H Kugel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - D Hoehn
- Neuroimaging Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - M Czisch
- Neuroimaging Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - B Couvy-Duchesne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - M E Rentería
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L T Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - M J Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N T Mills
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - G I de Zubicaray
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K L McMahon
- Center for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S E Medland
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N G Martin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N A Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - R Goya-Maldonado
- Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center (UMG), Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - O Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S N Hatton
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - J Lagopoulos
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - I B Hickie
- Clinical Research Unit, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - T Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Carballedo
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E M Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L S van Velzen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M-J van Tol
- Neuroimaging Center, Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N J van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C G Davey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B J Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B Mwangi
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disoders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Cao
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disoders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J C Soares
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disoders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - I M Veer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Schoepf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Zurowski
- Center for Integrative Psychiatry, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - C Konrad
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum Rotenburg, Rotenburg, Germany
| | - E Schramm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Normann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Schnell
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M D Sacchet
- Neurosciences Program and Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - I H Gotlib
- Neurosciences Program and Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G M MacQueen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - B R Godlewska
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - T Nickson
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cogntive Ageing and Cogntive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, UK
| | - M Papmeyer
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Hall
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - J E Sussmann
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, NHS Borders, Melrose, UK
| | - M Li
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Walter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Aftanas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I Brack
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N A Bokhan
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia
- Faculty of Psychology, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of General Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - P M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - D J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Watanabe R, Kakeda S, Watanabe K, Liu X, Katsuki A, Umeno-Nakano W, Hori H, Abe O, Yoshimura R, Korogi Y. Relationship between the hippocampal shape abnormality and serum cortisol levels in first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder patients. Depress Anxiety 2017; 34:401-409. [PMID: 28129464 DOI: 10.1002/da.22604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the relationship between the hippocampal shape deformations and the serum cortisol levels in first-episode and drug-naïve major depression disorder (MDD) patients. METHODS Thirty first-episode and drug-naïve MDD patients and 40 healthy subjects were recruited. High-resolution T1-weighted imaging and morning blood samples for cortisol measurement were obtained from all MDD patients and healthy subjects. In the hippocampal shape analysis, we compared the hippocampal shape between MDD patients and healthy subjects and evaluated the linear correlation between hippocampal shape deformations and the serum cortisol levels in MDD patients and healthy subjects. RESULTS MDD patients showed significant inward deformations predominantly in the cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and subiculum in bilateral hippocampi compared to healthy subjects (false discovery rate (FDR) corrected, P < .05). Furthermore, in MDD patients, a significant linear correlation between inward deformations and high cortisol levels were found predominantly in the CA1 and subiculum, extending into the CA2-3 (FDR-corrected, P < .05), whereas no significant linear correlation was observed in healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS The serum cortisol levels are therefore considered to be associated with hippocampal shape abnormalities in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan.,Medical imaging center, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Asuka Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wakako Umeno-Nakano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hori
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Osamu Abe
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukunori Korogi
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
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31
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Igata R, Katsuki A, Kakeda S, Watanabe K, Igata N, Hori H, Konishi Y, Atake K, Kawasaki Y, Korogi Y, Yoshimura R. PCLO rs2522833-mediated gray matter volume reduction in patients with drug-naive, first-episode major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1140. [PMID: 28556829 PMCID: PMC5534936 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been linked to differences in the volume of certain areas of the brain and to variants in the piccolo presynaptic cytomatrix protein (PCLO), but the relationship between PCLO and brain morphology has not been studied. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in PCLO, rs2522833, is thought to affect protein stability and the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We investigated the relationship between cortical volume and this SNP in first-episode, drug-naive patients with MDD or healthy control subjects. Seventy-eight participants, including 30 patients with MDD and 48 healthy control subjects, were recruited via interview. PCLO rs2522833 genotyping and plasma cortisol assays were performed, and gray matter volume was estimated using structural magnetic resonance images. Among the individuals carrying the C-allele of PCLO rs2522833, the volume of the left temporal pole was significantly smaller in those with MDD than in healthy controls (family-wise error-corrected, P=0.003). No differences were detected in other brain regions. In addition, the C-carriers showed a larger volume reduction in the left temporal pole than those in the individuals with A/A genotype (P=0.0099). Plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in MDD-affected C-carriers than in the healthy control C-carriers (12.76±6.10 vs 9.31±3.60 nm, P=0.045). We conclude that PCLO SNP rs2522833 is associated with a gray matter volume reduction in the left temporal pole in drug-naive, first-episode patients with MDD carrying the C-allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Igata
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - A Katsuki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - S Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - N Igata
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - H Hori
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Y Konishi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - K Atake
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Y Kawasaki
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Y Korogi
- Department of Radiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - R Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan,Department of Psychiatry, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 8078555, Fukuoka, Japan. E-mail:
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32
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Han KM, Won E, Sim Y, Kang J, Han C, Kim YK, Kim SH, Joe SH, Lee MS, Tae WS, Ham BJ. Influence of FKBP5 polymorphism and DNA methylation on structural changes of the brain in major depressive disorder. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42621. [PMID: 28198448 PMCID: PMC5309810 DOI: 10.1038/srep42621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism of rs1360780 in the FKBP5 gene is associated with a predisposition to developing major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated the interactive effects of FKBP5 rs1360780 allelic variants, DNA methylation, and the diagnosis of MDD on structural changes of the entire brain. One hundred and fourteen patients with MDD and eighty-eight healthy controls underwent T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging and FKBP5 rs1360780 genotyping, including DNA methylation of intron 7. We analyzed the volume of cortical and subcortical regions and cortical thickness using FreeSurfer. Significant genotype-by-diagnosis interactions were observed for volumes of the left pars triangularis, supramarginal gyrus, superior parietal lobule, right frontomarginal, and posterior midcingulate gyrus. The T allele was associated with significant volume reductions in these brain regions only in the MDD group except for the right posterior midcingulate gyrus. FKBP5 DNA methylation showed a positive correlation with the thickness of the right transverse frontopolar gyrus in the C allele homozygote group. Our findings suggest that the FKBP5 gene and its epigenetic changes could have influence on morphologic changes of several brain regions involved in emotion regulation, and that this process may be associated with the development of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Won
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbo Sim
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Haeng Joe
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen C, Nakagawa S, An Y, Ito K, Kitaichi Y, Kusumi I. The exercise-glucocorticoid paradox: How exercise is beneficial to cognition, mood, and the brain while increasing glucocorticoid levels. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 44:83-102. [PMID: 27956050 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is known to have beneficial effects on cognition, mood, and the brain. However, exercise also activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and increases levels of the glucocorticoid cortisol (CORT). CORT, also known as the "stress hormone," is considered a mediator between chronic stress and depression and to link various cognitive deficits. Here, we review the evidence that shows that while both chronic stress and exercise elevate basal CORT levels leading to increased secretion of CORT, the former is detrimental to cognition/memory, mood/stress coping, and brain plasticity, while the latter is beneficial. We propose three preliminary answers to the exercise-CORT paradox. Importantly, the elevated CORT, through glucocorticoid receptors, functions to elevate dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex under chronic exercise but not chronic stress, and the medial prefrontal dopamine is essential for active coping. Future inquiries may provide further insights to promote our understanding of this paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shin Nakagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Yan An
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Koki Ito
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuji Kitaichi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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