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Mao Y, Harvey WT, Porubsky D, Munson KM, Hoekzema K, Lewis AP, Audano PA, Rozanski A, Yang X, Zhang S, Yoo D, Gordon DS, Fair T, Wei X, Logsdon GA, Haukness M, Dishuck PC, Jeong H, Del Rosario R, Bauer VL, Fattor WT, Wilkerson GK, Mao Y, Shi Y, Sun Q, Lu Q, Paten B, Bakken TE, Pollen AA, Feng G, Sawyer SL, Warren WC, Carbone L, Eichler EE. Structurally divergent and recurrently mutated regions of primate genomes. Cell 2024; 187:1547-1562.e13. [PMID: 38428424 PMCID: PMC10947866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
We sequenced and assembled using multiple long-read sequencing technologies the genomes of chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, orangutan, gibbon, macaque, owl monkey, and marmoset. We identified 1,338,997 lineage-specific fixed structural variants (SVs) disrupting 1,561 protein-coding genes and 136,932 regulatory elements, including the most complete set of human-specific fixed differences. We estimate that 819.47 Mbp or ∼27% of the genome has been affected by SVs across primate evolution. We identify 1,607 structurally divergent regions wherein recurrent structural variation contributes to creating SV hotspots where genes are recurrently lost (e.g., CARD, C4, and OLAH gene families) and additional lineage-specific genes are generated (e.g., CKAP2, VPS36, ACBD7, and NEK5 paralogs), becoming targets of rapid chromosomal diversification and positive selection (e.g., RGPD gene family). High-fidelity long-read sequencing has made these dynamic regions of the genome accessible for sequence-level analyses within and between primate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Mao
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - William T Harvey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Porubsky
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katherine M Munson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kendra Hoekzema
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandra P Lewis
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter A Audano
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison Rozanski
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - DongAhn Yoo
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David S Gordon
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tyler Fair
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Wei
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Glennis A Logsdon
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marina Haukness
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Philip C Dishuck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hyeonsoo Jeong
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ricardo Del Rosario
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa L Bauer
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Bouder, CO, USA
| | - Will T Fattor
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Bouder, CO, USA
| | - Gregory K Wilkerson
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science & Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benedict Paten
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - Alex A Pollen
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guoping Feng
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sara L Sawyer
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Bouder, CO, USA
| | - Wesley C Warren
- Department of Animal Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Institute of Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lucia Carbone
- Department of Medicine, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Evan E Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Alzahrani MA, Alkhani KO, Alassaf AM, Alorainy JI, Binsaleh S, Almannie R. Updates in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 infection in male reproductive and sexual health: a literature review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1226858. [PMID: 38468633 PMCID: PMC10925715 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1226858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This extensive comprehensive review explores the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on men's sexual and reproductive health. We conducted a literature review focusing on the possible pathophysiology by which severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects men's sexual and reproductive systems. We reviewed most of the studies that reported the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the Testicular, Epididymal, Prostatic, and Penile tissue. Also, we focused on evaluating the SARS-CoV-2 infection on semen parameters and male reproductive hormones. Finally, we reviewed the COVID-19 vaccine's effect on male reproductive and sexual health. Findings revealed the adverse consequences of SARS-CoV-2 at cellular and organ levels on the male genital tract. However, the reported data are still controversial. The initial data regarding COVID-19 vaccination was promising promoted safety for men's reproductive and sexual health. We conclude this paper by offering recommendations to address these adverse consequences and potentially improve sexual and reproductive health among men in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshari A. Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Saleh Binsaleh
- Department of Surgery, Urology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Almannie
- Department of Surgery, Urology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Samama M, Entezami F, Rosa DS, Sartor A, Piscopo RCCP, Andersen ML, Cunha-Filho JS, Jarmy-Di-Bella ZIK. COVID-19: A Challenge to the Safety of Assisted Reproduction. Sleep Med Clin 2023; 18:489-497. [PMID: 38501521 PMCID: PMC10288308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
There is an increased risk of becoming pregnant through fertility treatments using assisted reproductive technology (ART) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this review is to gather comprehensive data from the existing literature on the potential risks of fertility management during the pandemic period, and outline strategies to mitigate them, with a focus on the hormonal and surgical procedures of ART. A comprehensive search of the scientific literature on COVID-19 in relation to fertility was conducted in the PubMed database using the keywords "coronavirus," "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2" and "pregnancy," "fertility," "urogenital system," "vertical transmission," "assisted human reproduction," "controlled ovarian stimulation," "oocyte retrieval," "in vitro fertilization," "hormones," "surgical procedures," "embryos," "oocytes," "sperm," "semen," "ovary," "testis," "ACE-2 receptor," "immunology," "cytokine storm," and "coagulation," from January 2020-July 2022. Published data on pregnancy and COVID-19, and the interaction of the urogenital system and SARS-CoV-2 is reported. The immunologic and prothrombotic profiles of patients with COVID-19, and their increased risks from controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and ART surgeries, and how these procedures could facilitate COVID-19 and/or contribute to the severity of the disease by enhancing the cytokine storm are summarized. Strategies to prevent complications during COS that could increase the risks of the disease in pre-symptomatic patients are considered. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pre-symptomatic infertile patients presents a challenge to find ways to avoid the increased hormonal, immunologic, and prothrombotic risks presented by the use of COS in ART protocols during the COVID-19 outbreak. Safe ART procedures and recommendations are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marise Samama
- Department of Gynecology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; GERA Institute of Reproductive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Frida Entezami
- American Hospital of Paris, IVF Unit, Neuilly-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Daniela S Rosa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Sartor
- GERA Institute of Reproductive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychobiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Monica L Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mandour AA, Elkaeed EB, Hagras M, Refaat HM, Ismail NS. Virtual screening approach for the discovery of selective 5α-reductase type II inhibitors for benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2149-2163. [PMID: 37955117 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: 5α-Reductase type II (5αR2) inhibition is a promising strategy for benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment. A computational approach including virtual screening, ligand-based 3D pharmacophore modeling, 2D quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking simulations were adopted to develop novel inhibitors. Results: Hits were first filtered via the validated pharmacophore and 2D quantitative structure-activity relationship models. Docking on the recently determined cocrystallized structure of 5αR2 showed three promising hits. Visual inspection results were compared with finasteride ligand and dihydrotestosterone as reference, to explain the role of binding to Glu57 and Tyr91 for 5αR2 selective inhibition. Conclusion: Alignment between Hit 2 and finasteride in the binding pocket showed similar binding modes. The biological activity prediction showed antitumor and androgen targeting activity of the new hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Mandour
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan M Refaat
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Nasser Sm Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), Cairo, 11835, Egypt
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Stavileci B. The differences in troponin values among gender in COVID-19 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35553. [PMID: 37904399 PMCID: PMC10615494 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the differences on admission troponin values among gender in hospital outcomes and in the 2-year follow-up period in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. Data of 826 patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 disease were analyzed retrospectively. All patients had nasal and oropharyngeal swab samples taken according to Ministry of Health guidelines on admission. Patients were divided into female (n = 438) and male (n = 388) groups and were follow-up for 2 years. Clinical events such as need for intensive care unit, respiratory failure, need for inotropic initiation, acute renal failure, cardiac injury, and in-hospital mortality were also recorded. The cumulative endpoints were determined as all-cause mortality, re-hospitalization, and stroke during the 2-year follow-up period. Also, factors affecting the cumulative endpoints were investigated. In clinical events and cumulative endpoints, the differences of troponin values between the gender were investigated and the factors causing cardiac injury were determined separately in men and women. Mean age (59.43 ± 19.15 vs 58.14 ± 16.66) and comorbidities were significantly higher in the female group. There were no differences between genders in terms of clinical events except respiratory failure, which was more frequent in the male group (P = .016). In-hospital survivor rate in the female group was 16 ± 2.5 days (95% confidence interval: 11.08-20.91), in the male group was 14 ± 0.92 days (95% confidence interval: 12.18-15.81) P = .008, while there were no differences between groups among in-hospital morality rates (P = .208). During the 2-year follow-up period cumulative endpoints were more in the male group (P < .05). Troponin value in female ≥ 93 pg/mL, in male ≥ 28 pg/mL was related with cardiac injury. All clinical events occur at lower troponin values in the male group. In both groups, independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were troponin and the existence of fragmented QRS; for cumulative endpoints were respiratory failure, cardiac injury, and age. We observed that in COVID-19 disease, troponin value differs by gender. A lesser increase in troponin levels in men was indicative of cardiac injury. Even slight increases in troponin levels in men should alert clinicians for cardiac injury and other clinical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Stavileci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Biruni University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Kalfas T, Kaltsas A, Symeonidis EN, Symeonidis A, Zikopoulos A, Moustakli E, Tsiampali C, Tsampoukas G, Palapela N, Zachariou A, Sofikitis N, Dimitriadis F. COVID-19 and Male Infertility: Is There a Role for Antioxidants? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1483. [PMID: 37627478 PMCID: PMC10451649 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), jeopardizes male fertility because of the vulnerability of the male reproductive system, especially the testes. This study evaluates the effects of the virus on testicular function and examines the potential role of antioxidants in mitigating the damage caused by oxidative stress (OS). A comprehensive PubMed search examined exocrine and endocrine testicular function alteration, the interplay between OS and COVID-19-induced defects, and the potential benefit of antioxidants. Although the virus is rarely directly detectable in sperm and testicular tissue, semen quality and hormonal balance are affected in patients, with some changes persisting throughout a spermatogenesis cycle. Testicular pathology in deceased patients shows defects in spermatogenesis, vascular changes, and inflammation. Acute primary hypogonadism is observed mainly in severely infected cases. Elevated OS and sperm DNA fragmentation markers suggest redox imbalance as a possible mechanism behind the fertility changes. COVID-19 vaccines appear to be safe for male fertility, but the efficacy of antioxidants to improve sperm quality after infection remains unproven due to limited research. Given the limited and inconclusive evidence, careful evaluation of men recovering from COVID-19 seeking fertility improvement is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aris Kaltsas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (E.M.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Evangelos N. Symeonidis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.N.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Asterios Symeonidis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.N.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Athanasios Zikopoulos
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (E.M.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Efthalia Moustakli
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (E.M.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | | | - Georgios Tsampoukas
- Department of Urology, Oxford University Hospital NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK;
| | - Natalia Palapela
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (E.M.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (E.M.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.N.S.); (A.S.)
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Davidsson S, Messing Eriksson A, Udumyan R, Swanholm P, Lewin Lundh M, Widing C, Lindlöf C, Fridfeldt J, Andersson SO, Fall K. Androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer is not associated with COVID-2019 infection. Prostate 2023; 83:555-562. [PMID: 36658755 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgens may play a role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and host responses as the virus is dependent on the androgen-regulated protein transmembrane serine protease 2 for cell entry. Studies have indicated that prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and serious complications compared with patients without ADT, but data are inconsistent. METHODS A total of 655 prostate cancer patients who were under surveillance at two urology departments in Sweden on April 1, 2020 were included in the study as well as 240 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). At follow-up early in 2021, the participants completed a questionnaire containing information about symptoms compatible with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Blood samples were also collected for the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (SARS-CoV-2 Total; Siemens). We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ADT and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was 13.4% among patients receiving ADT and 10.4% among patients without ADT. After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed no differences in symptoms or risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection between patients with and without ADT (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.52-1.85). Higher body mass index, Type 1 diabetes, and prostate cancer severity, defined by high Gleason score (8-10; OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.04-4.09) or elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (>20 µg/l; OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.13-4.07) were associated with increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was not higher among men with prostate cancer than among men with BPH. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the hypothesis that ADT use in prostate cancer patients reduces the risk or symptom severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection or that prostate cancer patients are at increased risk of COVID-19 compared with men without prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Davidsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Messing Eriksson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ruzan Udumyan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Per Swanholm
- Department of Urology, Karlstad Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden
| | | | - Carolina Widing
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Christina Lindlöf
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jonna Fridfeldt
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sven-Olof Andersson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Katja Fall
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Tretter F, Peters EMJ, Sturmberg J, Bennett J, Voit E, Dietrich JW, Smith G, Weckwerth W, Grossman Z, Wolkenhauer O, Marcum JA. Perspectives of (/memorandum for) systems thinking on COVID-19 pandemic and pathology. J Eval Clin Pract 2023; 29:415-429. [PMID: 36168893 PMCID: PMC9538129 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Is data-driven analysis sufficient for understanding the COVID-19 pandemic and for justifying public health regulations? In this paper, we argue that such analysis is insufficient. Rather what is needed is the identification and implementation of over-arching hypothesis-related and/or theory-based rationales to conduct effective SARS-CoV2/COVID-19 (Corona) research. To that end, we analyse and compare several published recommendations for conceptual and methodological frameworks in medical research (e.g., public health, preventive medicine and health promotion) to current research approaches in medical Corona research. Although there were several efforts published in the literature to develop integrative conceptual frameworks before the COVID-19 pandemic, such as social ecology for public health issues and systems thinking in health care, only a few attempts to utilize these concepts can be found in medical Corona research. For this reason, we propose nested and integrative systemic modelling approaches to understand Corona pandemic and Corona pathology. We conclude that institutional efforts for knowledge integration and systemic thinking, but also for integrated science, are urgently needed to avoid or mitigate future pandemics and to resolve infection pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Tretter
- Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems ScienceViennaAustria
| | - Eva M. J. Peters
- Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyJustus‐Liebig‐UniversityGiessenHesseGermany
- Internal Medicine and DermatologyUniversitätsmedizin‐CharitéBerlinGermany
| | - Joachim Sturmberg
- College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia
- International Society for Systems and Complexity Sciences for HealthPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jeanette Bennett
- Department of Psychological Science, StressWAVES Biobehavioral Research LabUniversity of North CarolinaCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Eberhard Voit
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Johannes W. Dietrich
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, Department of Medicine ISt. Josef Hospital, Ruhr PhilosophyBochumGermany
- Diabetes Centre Bochum/HattingenKlinik BlankensteinHattingenGermany
- Centre for Rare Endocrine Diseases (ZSE), Ruhr Centre for Rare Diseases (CeSER)BochumGermany
- Centre for Diabetes Technology, Catholic Hospitals BochumRuhr University BochumBochumGermany
| | - Gary Smith
- International Society for the Systems SciencesPontypoolUK
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME) and Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS)University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Zvi Grossman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Olaf Wolkenhauer
- Department of Systems Biology & BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
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Malinowska JK, Żuradzki T. Reductionist methodology and the ambiguity of the categories of race and ethnicity in biomedical research: an exploratory study of recent evidence. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE, AND PHILOSOPHY 2023; 26:55-68. [PMID: 36352325 PMCID: PMC9646278 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we analyse how researchers use the categories of race and ethnicity with reference to genetics and genomics. We show that there is still considerable conceptual "messiness" (despite the wide-ranging and popular debate on the subject) when it comes to the use of ethnoracial categories in genetics and genomics that among other things makes it difficult to properly compare and interpret research using ethnoracial categories, as well as draw conclusions from them. Finally, we briefly reconstruct some of the biases of reductionism to which geneticists (as well as other researchers referring to genetic methods and explanations) are particularly exposed to, and we analyse the problem in the context of the biologization of ethnoracial categories. Our work constitutes a novel, in-depth contribution to the debate about reporting race and ethnicity in biomedical and health research. First, we reconstruct the theoretical background assumptions about racial ontology which researchers implicitly presume in their studies with the aid of a sample of recent papers published in medical journals about COVID-19. Secondly, we use the typology of the biases of reductionism to the problem of biologization of ethnoracial categories with reference to genetics and genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K. Malinowska
- Faculty of Philosophy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Ul. Szamarzewskiego 89C, 60-568 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żuradzki
- Institute of Philosophy & Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Grodzka 52, 31-044 Kraków, Poland
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10
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Ahmad A, Makhmutova Z, Cao W, Majaz S, Amin A, Xie Y. Androgen receptor, a possible anti-infective therapy target and a potent immune respondent in SARS-CoV-2 spike binding: a computational approach. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:317-327. [PMID: 36757420 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2179035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although androgen in gender disparity of COVID-19 has been implied, no direct link has been provided. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Here, we applied AlphaFold multimer, network and single cells database analyses to highlight specificity of Androgen receptor (AR) against spike receptor binding protein (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS LXXL motifs in spike RBD are essential for AR binding. RBD LXXA mutation complex with the AR depicting slightly reduced binding energy, as LXXLL motif usually mediates nuclear receptor binding to coregulators. Moreover, AR preferred to bind a LYRL motif in specificity and interaction interface, and showed reduced affinity against Omicron compared to other variants (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta). Importantly, RBD LYRL motif is a conserved antigenic epitope (9 residues) for T-cell response. Network analysis of AR-related genes against COVID-19 database showed T-cell signaling regulation, and CD8+ T-cell spatial location in AR+ single cells, which is consistent with the AR binding motif LYRL in epitope function. CONCLUSIONS We provided the potent mechanisms of AR binding to RBD linking to immune response and vaccination shift. AR could be an anti-infective therapy target for anti-Omicron new lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Zhandaulet Makhmutova
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Wenwen Cao
- Respiratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Sidra Majaz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Amr Amin
- Biology Department, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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11
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Kutlu Ö, Demircan YT, Yıldız K, Kalkan G, Demirseren DD, An İ, Oba MÇ, Emre S, Şenel E, Bilgili SG, Savaş SE, Aktürk AŞ, Türkmen D, Çakmak SK, Kulaklı S, Demirbaş A, Altunışık N, Coşansu NC, Aksoy GG, Tosun M, Kurt BÖ, Şentürk N, Şener S, Özden HK, Temiz SA, Atak MF, Süslü H, Oğuz ID, Kılıç S, Ustaoğlu E, Topal İO, Akbulut TÖ, Korkmaz İ, Kılıç A, Hızlı P, Küçük ÖS, Çaytemel C, Kara RÖ, Koska MC, Tatar K, Dikicier BS, Ağırgöl Ş, Akşan B, Karadağ AS. The effect of COVID-19 on development of hair and nail disorders: a Turkish multicenter, controlled study. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:202-211. [PMID: 36281828 PMCID: PMC9874876 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A broad spectrum of skin diseases, including hair and nails, can be directly or indirectly triggered by COVID-19. It is aimed to examine the type and frequency of hair and nail disorders after COVID-19 infection. METHODS This is a multicenter study conducted on consecutive 2171 post-COVID-19 patients. Patients who developed hair and nail disorders and did not develop hair and nail disorders were recruited as subject and control groups. The type and frequency of hair and nail disorders were examined. RESULTS The rate of the previous admission in hospital due to COVID-19 was statistically significantly more common in patients who developed hair loss after getting infected with COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Telogen effluvium (85%) was the most common hair loss type followed by worsening of androgenetic alopecia (7%) after COVID-19 infection. The mean stress scores during and after getting infected with COVID-19 were 6.88 ± 2.77 and 3.64 ± 3.04, respectively, in the hair loss group and were 5.77 ± 3.18 and 2.81 ± 2.84, respectively, in the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). The frequency of recurrent COVID-19 was statistically significantly higher in men with severe androgenetic alopecia (Grades 4-7 HNS) (P = 0.012; Odds ratio: 2.931 [1.222-7.027]). The most common nail disorders were leukonychia, onycholysis, Beau's lines, onychomadesis, and onychoschisis, respectively. The symptoms of COVID-19 were statistically significantly more common in patients having nail disorders after getting infected with COVID-19 when compared to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The development of both nail and hair disorders after COVID-19 seems to be related to a history of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Kutlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa UniversityTokatTurkey
| | | | - Kenan Yıldız
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Adana Seyhan State HospitalAdanaTurkey
| | - Gӧknur Kalkan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Duriye Deniz Demirseren
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - İsa An
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Şanlıurfa Training and Research HospitalŞanlıurfaTurkey
| | - Muazzez Çiğdem Oba
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Selma Emre
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Engin Şenel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Erol Olcak Training and Research Hospital, Hitit ÜniversityÇankırıTurkey
| | - Serap Güneş Bilgili
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl UniversityVanTurkey
| | - Sevil Erdoğan Savaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Health Science UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Aysun Şikar Aktürk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Dursun Türkmen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Seray Külcü Çakmak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - Sevgi Kulaklı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Abdullah Demirbaş
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital, Kütahya Health Science UniversityKonyaTurkey
| | - Nihal Altunışık
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Nur Cihan Coşansu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sakarya Training and Research HospitalSakaryaTurkey
| | - Güneş Gur Aksoy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health ScienceAnkaraTurkey
| | - Mustafa Tosun
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Birgül Özkesici Kurt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Adıyaman Training and Research HospitalAntalyaTurkey
| | - Nilgün Şentürk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Samsun Ondokuz Mayıs UniversitySamsunTurkey
| | - Serpil Şener
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, İnönü UniversityMalatyaTurkey
| | - Hatice Kaya Özden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kocaeli Derince Training and Research HospitalKocaeliTurkey
| | - Selami Aykut Temiz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan UniversityKonyaTurkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Atak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Tokat State HospitalTokatTurkey
| | - Hülya Süslü
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Işil Deniz Oğuz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Sevilay Kılıç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityÇanakkaleTurkey
| | - Eda Ustaoğlu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bursa City HospitalBursaTurkey
| | - İlteriş Oğuz Topal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Health Science UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Tuğba Özkök Akbulut
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - İbrahim Korkmaz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ıstanbul Haseki Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Arzu Kılıç
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Balıkesir UniversityBalıkesirTurkey
| | - Pelin Hızlı
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Balıkesir UniversityBalıkesirTurkey
| | - Özlem Su Küçük
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakıf UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ceyda Çaytemel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Rabia Öztaş Kara
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sakarya Training and Research HospitalSakaryaTurkey
| | - Mahmut Can Koska
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Artvin State HospitalArtvinTurkey
| | - Kübra Tatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl UniversityVanTurkey
| | - Bahar Sevimli Dikicier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya UniversitySakaryaTurkey
| | - Şenay Ağırgöl
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Burak Akşan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Giresun UniversityKocaeliTurkey
| | - Ayşe Serap Karadağ
- Memorial Health Group, Atasehir and Sisli Hospital, Dermatology ClinicIstanbulTurkey
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Impact of COVID-19 on Uro-Oncological Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010176. [PMID: 36677468 PMCID: PMC9865028 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on patients with urological malignancies (prostate cancer, bladder and upper tract urothelial cancer, kidney cancer, penile and testicular cancer) and to review the available recommendations reported in the literature. Methods: A review was performed, through the PubMed database, regarding available recommendations reported in the literature, to identify studies examining the impact of COVID-19 on treatment and clinical outcomes (including upstaging, recurrence, and mortality) for uro-oncological patients. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the urological guidelines and patients' access to screening programs and follow-up visits. Great efforts were undertaken to guarantee treatments to high-risk patients although follow up was not always possible due to recurrent surges, and patients with lower risk cancers had to wait for therapies. Conclusions: Physically and mentally, uro-oncological patients paid a heavy price during the COVID-19 pandemic. Long term data on the "costs" of clinical decisions made during the COVID-19 pandemic are still to be revealed and analyzed.
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TURAN Ç, METİN N, YILDIZ T, CAFEROĞLU SKAT S, CİNİSLİOĞLU A, CİNİSLİOĞLU N. The prognostic value of androgenetic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with COVID-19: a prospective multidisciplinaryobservational study of 766 patients from Turkey. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1131546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in COVID-19.
Material and Method: This prospective study was conducted only on men with COVID-19. All patients were recruited consecutively from the COVID-19 emergency service. 766 patients were evaluated in three independent groups between the ages of 30-49 (young), 50-64 (middle-aged), and 65-75 (elderly) to avoid Simson’s paradox. Age, body mass index, smoking, comorbidities, vital signs, oxygen saturation (SpO2%), laboratory (CRP, lymphocyte count, ferritin, d-dimer) and computed tomography (CT) results, hospitalization (primary endpoint), transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), AGA stage (Hamilton-Norwood scale, 3-7=moderate-severe AGA, Gabrin sign) and BPH were recorded.
Results: There was no relationship with AGA in any prognostic parameter in the young age group. There was a significant difference in the poor prognostic direction in patients with Gabrin sign, in SpO2 and lymphocyte count for middle-aged, and CRP for the elderly (p=0.141, p=0.013, p=0.029; respectively). The frequencies of transfer to the ICU were higher with no statistical significance in patients with the Gabrin sign. The mortality was more common with no statistical significance in elderly patients with the Gabrin sign. Hospitalization frequencies were significantly higher in patients with BPH in middle-aged and elderly patients (p=0.041, p=0.026; respectively). No relationship was found between transfer to ICU, mortality, and BPH.
Conclusions: AGA was not a prognostic indicator, though the increase in hospitalization frequency, particularly in elderly patients with BPH, may be associated with the androgen-mediated COVID-19 severity hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağrı TURAN
- Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hastanesi
| | | | | | | | - Ahmet CİNİSLİOĞLU
- UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ERZURUM REGION HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER
| | - Nazan CİNİSLİOĞLU
- UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ERZURUM REGION HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER
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14
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Influence of biologic and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs on COVID-19 incidence among rheumatic patients during the first and second wave of the pandemic in Iran. Reumatologia 2022; 60:231-241. [PMID: 36186839 PMCID: PMC9494785 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2022.119039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, immunosuppressive agents in treating chronic disease have become a concern, and rheumatic patients are not an exception. The controversies about the deteriorating effects of such medications led this study to evaluate the influence of biologic and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on the incidence of COVID-19 infection in rheumatic patients. Material and methods In the present cohort-analytical study, 512 patients with rheumatic diseases were enrolled during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021). The incidence of COVID-19 infection was diagnosed according to the definition of the Iranian Ministry of Health. The frequency of COVID-19 infection in patients treated with biological and conventional DMARDs and glucocorticosteroids were compared. Results Among 512 rheumatic patients, 19.9% were definitely infected with COVID-19, and 23.3% of infected patients were hospitalized. Only one patient with vasculitis died during the two outbreaks. Our study showed that adding biologic DMARDs to conventional DMARDs did not increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. However, unlike biologic DMARDs, in conventional DMARDs, methotrexate increased, and hydroxychloroquine decreased COVID-19 infection. Regression analysis showed that prednisolone at a dosage higher than 10 mg/day increased the risk of COVID-19 infection 5-fold; hydroxychloroquine had a protective impact and reduced the risk of infection by 40%. Conclusions Biologic DMARDs and the type of selected rheumatic diseases in our study did not influence the susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Prednisolone raised the coronavirus infection, and hydroxychloroquine played a protective role in the current study. Most of our patients showed good adherence to the health protocols. Further studies after worldwide vaccination are now required to reevaluate the influence of rheumatic diseases and DMARDs on COVID-19 infection.
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15
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Kucukyildiz K, Yilmaz-Oral D, Turkcan D, Oztekin CV, Gur S. Impact of COVID-19 on male urogenital health: Success of vaccines. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103327. [PMID: 35905935 PMCID: PMC9316714 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Throughout 2021, the scientific and medical communities were concentrated on dealing with the acute morbidity and mortality induced by the COVID-19 pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We reviewed the present data for adverse effects of COVID-19 on the different parts of the male urogenital system during the dynamic situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. With the approval of COVID-19 vaccinations, there is a ray of hope at the end of this dark tunnel and a chance to look ahead for the management of long-term consequences in males with urogenital illness. A multidisciplinary investigation of these cases could provide information for establishing and optimizing treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutay Kucukyildiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Yilmaz-Oral
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Damla Turkcan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cetin Volkan Oztekin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Girne-TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Serap Gur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey,Corresponding author
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Avgeris I, Pliatsika D, Nikolaropoulos SS, Fousteris MA. Targeting androgen receptor for prostate cancer therapy: From small molecules to PROTACs. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106089. [PMID: 35973305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a serious type of cancer for men worldwide. The majority of new PCa cases are associated with androgen receptor (AR) hyperactivity. Various AR-targeting molecules that suppress its activity have been discovered. In this review, we present the already marketed antiandrogens and a selection of structurally and chemically interesting AR-targeting compounds, from a pharmacochemical perspective. Focus has been placed on the applied design approaches, structural evolution and structure-activity relationships of the most prominent compound classes. Passing from the traditional steroidal AR antagonists to the modern AR-targeting proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), we intend to provide a comprehensive overview on AR-targeting molecules for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Greece
| | - Dimanthi Pliatsika
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Greece
| | - Sotiris S Nikolaropoulos
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Greece
| | - Manolis A Fousteris
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Greece.
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Alvergne A, Woon EV, Male V. Effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the timing and flow of menstrual periods in two cohorts. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:952976. [PMID: 36303656 PMCID: PMC9580734 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.952976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination protects against the potentially serious consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but some people have been hesitant to receive the vaccine because of reports that it could affect menstrual bleeding. To determine whether this occurs we prospectively recruited a cohort of 79 individuals, each of whom recorded details of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles, during which time they each received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. In spontaneously cycling participants, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a delay to the next period, but this change reversed in subsequent unvaccinated cycles. No delay was detected in those taking hormonal contraception. To explore hypotheses about the mechanism by which these menstrual changes occur, we retrospectively recruited a larger cohort, of 1,273 people who had kept a record of their menstrual cycle and vaccination dates. In this cohort, we found a trend toward use of combined hormonal contraception being protective against reporting a delayed period, suggesting that menstrual changes following vaccination may be mediated by perturbations to ovarian hormones. However, we were unable to detect a clear association between the timing of vaccination within the menstrual cycle and reports of menstrual changes. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccination can lengthen the menstrual cycle and that this effect may be mediated by ovarian hormones. Importantly, we find that the menstrual cycle returns to its pre-vaccination length in unvaccinated cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Alvergne
- School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ee Von Woon
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Male
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Victoria Male
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18
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Cruz R, Almeida SDD, Heredia ML, Quintela I, Ceballos FC, Pita G, Lorenzo-Salazar JM, González-Montelongo R, Gago-Domínguez M, Porras MS, Castaño JAT, Nevado J, Aguado JM, Aguilar C, Aguilera-Albesa S, Almadana V, Almoguera B, Alvarez N, Andreu-Bernabeu Á, Arana-Arri E, Arango C, Arranz MJ, Artiga MJ, Baptista-Rosas RC, Barreda-Sánchez M, Belhassen-Garcia M, Bezerra JF, Bezerra MAC, Boix-Palop L, Brion M, Brugada R, Bustos M, Calderón EJ, Carbonell C, Castano L, Castelao JE, Conde-Vicente R, Cordero-Lorenzana ML, Cortes-Sanchez JL, Corton M, Darnaude MT, De Martino-Rodríguez A, Campo-Pérez V, Bustamante AD, Domínguez-Garrido E, Luchessi AD, Eirós R, Sanabria GME, Fariñas MC, Fernández-Robelo U, Fernández-Rodríguez A, Fernández-Villa T, Gil-Fournier B, Gómez-Arrue J, Álvarez BG, Quirós FGB, González-Peñas J, Gutiérrez-Bautista JF, Herrero MJ, Herrero-Gonzalez A, Jimenez-Sousa MA, Lattig MC, Borja AL, Lopez-Rodriguez R, Mancebo E, Martín-López C, Martín V, Martinez-Nieto O, Martinez-Lopez I, Martinez-Resendez MF, Martinez-Perez Á, Mazzeu JA, Macías EM, Minguez P, Cuerda VM, Silbiger VN, Oliveira SF, Ortega-Paino E, Parellada M, Paz-Artal E, Santos NPC, Pérez-Matute P, Perez P, Pérez-Tomás ME, Perucho T, Pinsach-Abuin ML, Pompa-Mera EN, Porras-Hurtado GL, Pujol A, León SR, Resino S, Fernandes MR, Rodríguez-Ruiz E, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Garcia JA, Ruiz-Cabello F, Ruiz-Hornillos J, Ryan P, Soria JM, Souto JC, Tamayo E, Tamayo-Velasco A, Taracido-Fernandez JC, Teper A, Torres-Tobar L, Urioste M, Valencia-Ramos J, Yáñez Z, Zarate R, Nakanishi T, Pigazzini S, Degenhardt F, Butler-Laporte G, Maya-Miles D, Bujanda L, Bouysran Y, Palom A, Ellinghaus D, Martínez-Bueno M, Rolker S, Amitrano S, Roade L, Fava F, Spinner CD, Prati D, Bernardo D, Garcia F, Darcis G, Fernández-Cadenas I, Holter JC, Banales JM, Frithiof R, Duga S, Asselta R, Pereira AC, Romero-Gómez M, Nafría-Jiménez B, Hov JR, Migeotte I, Renieri A, Planas AM, Ludwig KU, Buti M, Rahmouni S, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Schulte EC, Franke A, Karlsen TH, Valenti L, Zeberg H, Richards B, Ganna A, Boada M, Rojas I, Ruiz A, Sánchez P, Real LM, Guillen-Navarro E, Ayuso C, González-Neira A, Riancho JA, Rojas-Martinez A, Flores C, Lapunzina P, Carracedo Á. Novel genes and sex differences in COVID-19 severity. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3789-3806. [PMID: 35708486 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we describe the results of a genome-wide study conducted in 11 939 COVID-19 positive cases with an extensive clinical information that were recruited from 34 hospitals across Spain (SCOURGE consortium). In sex-disaggregated genome-wide association studies for COVID-19 hospitalization, genome-wide significance (p < 5x10-8) was crossed for variants in 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci only among males (p = 1.3x10-22 and p = 8.1x10-12, respectively), and for variants in 9q21.32 near TLE1 only among females (p = 4.4x10-8). In a second phase, results were combined with an independent Spanish cohort (1598 COVID-19 cases and 1068 population controls), revealing in the overall analysis two novel risk loci in 9p13.3 and 19q13.12, with fine-mapping prioritized variants functionally associated with AQP3 (p = 2.7x10-8) and ARHGAP33 (p = 1.3x10-8), respectively. The meta-analysis of both phases with four European studies stratified by sex from the Host Genetics Initiative confirmed the association of the 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci predominantly in males and replicated a recently reported variant in 11p13 (ELF5, p = 4.1x10-8). Six of the COVID-19 HGI discovered loci were replicated and an HGI-based genetic risk score predicted the severity strata in SCOURGE. We also found more SNP-heritability and larger heritability differences by age (<60 or ≥ 60 years) among males than among females. Parallel genome-wide screening of inbreeding depression in SCOURGE also showed an effect of homozygosity in COVID-19 hospitalization and severity and this effect was stronger among older males. In summary, new candidate genes for COVID-19 severity and evidence supporting genetic disparities among sexes are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cruz
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Diz-de Almeida
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel López Heredia
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Quintela
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco C Ceballos
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Lorenzo-Salazar
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Manuela Gago-Domínguez
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Sevilla Porras
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Antonio Tenorio Castaño
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,ERN-ITHACA-European Reference Network
| | - Julian Nevado
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,ERN-ITHACA-European Reference Network
| | - Jose María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0002), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Aguilera-Albesa
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Health Service Hospital, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Service, Navarra BioMed Research Group, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Berta Almoguera
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics & Genomics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Alvarez
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Andreu-Bernabeu
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0002), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eunate Arana-Arri
- Biocruces Bizkai HRI, Bizkaia, Spain.,Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Arranz
- Fundació Docència I Recerca Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raúl C Baptista-Rosas
- Hospital General de Occidente, Zapopan Jalisco, Mexico.,Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá Jalisco, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María Barreda-Sánchez
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Moncef Belhassen-Garcia
- Servicio de Medicina Interna-Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.,Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Joao F Bezerra
- Escola Tecnica de Saúde, Laboratorio de Vigilancia Molecular Aplicada, Brazil
| | - Marcos A C Bezerra
- Genetics Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - María Brion
- Xenética Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Brugada
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.,Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Matilde Bustos
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)- University of Seville- Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique J Calderón
- Departemento de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina Carbonell
- Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Castano
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkai HRI, Bizkaia, Spain.,Osakidetza, Cruces University Hospital, Bizkaia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Diabetes and Metabolic Associated Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,University of Pais Vasco, UPV/EHU, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jose E Castelao
- Oncology and Genetics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-Servizo Galego de Saúde, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - M Lourdes Cordero-Lorenzana
- Servicio de Medicina intensiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jose L Cortes-Sanchez
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico.,Departament of Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marta Corton
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics & Genomics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alba De Martino-Rodríguez
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Victor Campo-Pérez
- Preventive Medicine Department, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Xerencia de Xestion Integrada de Vigo-Servizo Galego de Saúde, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Andre D Luchessi
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rocío Eirós
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - María Carmen Fariñas
- IDIVAL, Cantabria, Spain.,Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria, Spain.,Hospital U M Valdecilla, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Uxía Fernández-Robelo
- Urgencias Hospitalarias, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Amanda Fernández-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS) - Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | | | - Javier Gómez-Arrue
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz González Álvarez
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Javier González-Peñas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F Gutiérrez-Bautista
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - María José Herrero
- Plataforma de Farmacogenética, IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Herrero-Gonzalez
- Data Analysis Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Jimenez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Claudia Lattig
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.,SIGEN Alianza Universidad de los Andes - Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Rosario Lopez-Rodriguez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics & Genomics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Mancebo
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Transplant Immunology and Immunodeficiencies Group, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Martín
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Oscar Martinez-Nieto
- SIGEN Alianza Universidad de los Andes - Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.,Departamento Patologia y Laboratorios, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogota, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Iciar Martinez-Lopez
- Unidad de Genética y Genómica Islas Baleares, Islas Baleares, Spain.,Unidad de Diagnóstico Molecular y Genética Clínica, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Martinez-Perez
- Genomics of Complex Diseases Unit, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana A Mazzeu
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas (UnB), Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencias da Saude (UnB), Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Minguez
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics & Genomics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno Cuerda
- Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vivian N Silbiger
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Silviene F Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencias da Saude (UnB), Brazil.,Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal (UnB), Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Ensino de Biologia (UnB), Brazil
| | - Eva Ortega-Paino
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center, CNIO Biobank, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Paz-Artal
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Transplant Immunology and Immunodeficiencies Group, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ney P C Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pérez-Matute
- Infectious Diseases, Microbiota and Metabolism Unit, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | | | - M Elena Pérez-Tomás
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Mel Lina Pinsach-Abuin
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ericka N Pompa-Mera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Aurora Pujol
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marianne R Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Departamento de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Emilio Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Ruiz-Cabello
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Departamento Bioquímica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología III, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-Hornillos
- Allergy Unit, Valdemoro, Hospital Infanta Elena, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ryan
- Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain.,Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Soria
- Genomics of Complex Diseases Unit, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Souto
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Tamayo
- Servicio de Anestesiologia y Reanimación, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Tamayo-Velasco
- Servicio de Hematologia y Hemoterapia, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Taracido-Fernandez
- Data Analysis Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Teper
- Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Miguel Urioste
- Familial Cancer Clinical Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Zuleima Yáñez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Ruth Zarate
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica, Paraguay
| | - Tomoko Nakanishi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan
| | - Sara Pigazzini
- University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Guillaume Butler-Laporte
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Douglas Maya-Miles
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Youssef Bouysran
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adriana Palom
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain.,Liver Diseases, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manuel Martínez-Bueno
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Selina Rolker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sara Amitrano
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Italy
| | - Luisa Roade
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Medicina, Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Fava
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Genetica Medica, Italy.,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Christoph D Spinner
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Department of Internal Medicine II, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniele Prati
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - David Bernardo
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia del Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Federico Garcia
- Hospital Universitario Clinico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gilles Darcis
- University of Liege. GIGA-Insitute, Liege, Belgium.,Liege University Hospital (CHU of Liege), Liege, Belgium
| | - Israel Fernández-Cadenas
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Cato Holter
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Robert Frithiof
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefano Duga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Asselta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- Digestive Diseases Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Nafría-Jiménez
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, Clinical Biochemistry Department, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Johannes R Hov
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian PSC Research Center and Section of Gastroenterology, Dept Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Centre de Génétique Humaine, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS)
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Genetica Medica, Italy.,Med Biotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Anna M Planas
- Institute for Biomedical Researhc of Barcelona (IIBB), National Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Buti
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Medicina, Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Eva C Schulte
- Institute of Virology, Technical University Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, LMU Munich University, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, LMU Munich University, Munich, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian PSC Research Center and Section of Gastroenterology, Dept Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathopgysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Precision Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Hugo Zeberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,King's College London, Department of Twin Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ganna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Rojas
- Research Center and Memory clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual Sánchez
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Encarna Guillen-Navarro
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Sección Genética Médica - Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Servicio Murciano de Salud, Murcia, Spain.,Departamento Cirugía, Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia (UMU), Murcia, Spain.,Grupo Clínico Vinculado, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Genetics & Genomics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna González-Neira
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Riancho
- IDIVAL, Cantabria, Spain.,Universidad de Cantabria, Cantabria, Spain.,Hospital U M Valdecilla, Cantabria, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Flores
- Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.,Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,ERN-ITHACA-European Reference Network
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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19
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Yeap BB, Marriott RJ, Manning L, Dwivedi G, Hankey GJ, Wu FCW, Nicholson JK, Murray K. Higher premorbid serum testosterone predicts COVID-19-related mortality risk in men. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:159-170. [PMID: 35536887 PMCID: PMC9175556 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Men are at greater risk from COVID-19 than women. Older, overweight men, and those with type 2 diabetes, have lower testosterone concentrations and poorer COVID-19-related outcomes. We analysed the associations of premorbid serum testosterone concentrations, not confounded by the effects of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, with COVID-19-related mortality risk in men. Design This study is a United Kingdom Biobank prospective cohort study of community-dwelling men aged 40-69 years. Methods Serum total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured at baseline (2006-2010). Free testosterone values were calculated (cFT). the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and deaths related to COVID-19 were ascertained from 16 March 2020 to 31 January 2021 and modelled using time-stratified Cox regression. Results In 159 964 men, there were 5558 SARS-CoV-2 infections and 438 COVID-19 deaths. Younger age, higher BMI, non-White ethnicity, lower educational attainment, and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections but total testosterone, SHBG, and cFT were not. Adjusting for potential confounders, higher total testosterone was associated with COVID-19-related mortality risk (overall trend P = 0.008; hazard ratios (95% CIs) quintile 1, Q1 vs Q5 (reference), 0.84 (0.65-1.12) Q2:Q5, 0.82 (0.63-1.10); Q3:Q5, 0.80 (0.66-1.00); Q4:Q5, 0.82 (0.75-0.93)). Higher SHBG was also associated with COVID-19 mortality risk (P = 0.008), but cFT was not (P = 0.248). Conclusions Middle-aged to older men with the highest premorbid serum total testosterone and SHBG concentrations are at greater risk of COVID-19-related mortality. Men could be advised that having relatively high serum testosterone concentrations does not protect against future COVID-19-related mortality. Further investigation of causality and potential underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu B Yeap
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Ross J Marriott
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Laurens Manning
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Girish Dwivedi
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | - Graeme J Hankey
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Frederick C W Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jeremy K Nicholson
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
- Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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20
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Das K, Patil A, Goren A, Cockerell CJ, Goldust M. Androgens and COVID-19. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3176-3180. [PMID: 35576054 PMCID: PMC9348029 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The humans have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic. The novel coronavirus or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV2) causing coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has spread across the globe. Androgens have been suggested to have a role in COVID‐19 pathogenesis. Objective The objective of this review article is to study the link between androgens and COVID‐19. Methodology PubMed and Google Scholar search was performed to retrieve literature related to the topic. Review articles, clinical trials, retrospective studies, observational studies, and case–control studies were considered for the review. Results Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infected men are more inclined to be hospitalized for intensive care unit (ICU) as compared with women. This difference in the ICU admissions provides some clue for possible influence of androgens in the severity of COVID‐19. The contribution of androgen and androgen receptor in COVID‐19 disease and its severity, as well as the numerous medications targeting androgen and its receptor for lowering COVID‐19 disease severity, are discussed in this review. Available literature suggests the role of androgen in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID‐19. Sensitivity for androgen may be an important factor in regulating the severity of COVID‐19 disease. Conclusion There is a scope for the development of COVID‐19 treatments based on androgen suppression. Clinical trials may furnish pivotal data and add more evidence‐based options for the management of COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinnor Das
- Consultant Dermatolgist, Apollo clinic, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Andy Goren
- University of Rome G. Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | - Clay J Cockerell
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Cockerell Dermatopathology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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21
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Popescu MN, Berteanu M, Beiu C, Popa LG, Mihai MM, Iliescu MG, Stănescu AMA, Ionescu AM. Complementary Strategies to Promote Hair Regrowth in Post-COVID-19 Telogen Effluvium. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:735-743. [PMID: 35497690 PMCID: PMC9042074 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s359052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 telogen effluvium has been largely reported as a sequela in the post-acute phase of COVID-19, causing major emotional distress among the affected patients. The affected individuals are further exposed to a vast amount of misinformation from the internet and social media and it is important for physicians to be familiar with the phenomenon and provide appropriate counselling to their patients regarding this condition. This article aims to review the evidence-based complementary strategies that can help enhance hair regrowth after post-COVID-19 hair loss, from psychological support and patient education to the importance of optimal nutrition and potential indications and benefits of oral nutritional supplementation, as well as the role of both topical and injectable hair growth stimulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Nicolae Popescu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Berteanu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Beiu
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Gabriela Popa
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Mădălina Mihai
- Department of Oncologic Dermatology-Elias Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Anca Mirela Ionescu
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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22
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Naigaonkar A, Patil K, Joseph S, Hinduja I, Mukherjee S. Ovarian granulosa cells from women with PCOS express low levels of SARS-CoV-2 receptors and co-factors. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:547-555. [PMID: 35477803 PMCID: PMC9045021 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is global pandemic with more than 5 million deaths so far. Female reproductive tract organs express coronavirus-associated receptors and factors (SCARFs), suggesting they may be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the susceptibility of ovary/follicle/oocyte to the same is still elusive. Co-morbidities like obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, etc. increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These features are common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), warranting further scope to study SCARFs expression in ovary of these women. Materials and methods SCARFs expression in ovary and ovarian tissues of women with PCOS and healthy women was explored by analyzing publically available microarray datasets. Transcript expressions of SCARFs were investigated in mural and cumulus granulosa cells (MGCs and CGCs) from control and PCOS women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Results Microarray data revealed that ovary expresses all genes necessary for SARS-CoV-2 infection. PCOS women mostly showed down-regulated/unchanged levels of SCARFs. MGCs and CGCs from PCOS women showed lower expression of receptors ACE2, BSG and DPP4 and protease CTSB than in controls. MGCs showed lower expression of protease CTSL in PCOS than in controls. Expression of TMPRSS2 was not detected in both cell types. Conclusion Human ovarian follicle may be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lower expression of SCARFs in PCOS indicates that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection to the ovary may be lesser in these women than controls. This knowledge may help in safe practices at IVF settings in the current pandemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00404-022-06567-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalaap Naigaonkar
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Krutika Patil
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Shaini Joseph
- Genetic Research Centre, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Indira Hinduja
- P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mahim, Mumbai, 400016, India
| | - Srabani Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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23
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Роживанов РВ, Мельниченко ГА, Андреева ЕН, Мокрышева НГ. [Androgenic status in men during COVID-19]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2022; 68:111-116. [PMID: 36104972 PMCID: PMC9762444 DOI: 10.14341/probl13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a disease that has a negative systemic effect on the human body, including the male gonads. Therefore, the androgenic status in men with COVID-19 needs to be studied. AIM To evaluate the levels of total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and free testosterone in men in the acute phase of COVID-19 and during convalescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS A continuous dynamic prospective study of 70 men with moderate to severe COVID-19 at the age of 50[44; 64] years. During the study, the levels of total testosterone, SHBG were determined with further calculation of the level of free testosterone by Vermeullen. The data were collected twice - at the patient's hospitalization and at his discharge. The differences between the groups were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. RESULTS At the time of hospitalization for COVID-19, hypogonadism syndrome was observed in 61 people - 87%. Patients with hypogonadism did not statistically significant differ in age and severity of COVID-19 disease compared to men without hypogonadism. Inpatient treatment lasting 12[10;14] days resulted in a statistically significant increase in the levels of total testosterone from 4,7[2,96;8,48] to 12,85[8,62;19,2] nmol/l, p<0,001; SHBG from 27,87[20,78;36,57] to 33,76[26,27;52,60] nmol/l, p<0,001 and free testosterone from 107[65;174] to 235[162;337] pmol/l, p<0,001. This led to the elimination of hypogonadism in 28 patients - 40%. Patients with persistent hypogonadism were statistically significantly older than men with normalized testosterone, there were no statistically significant differences in the initial levels of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone, and there were also no differences in the prevalence of severe COVID-19 (3,97[2,86;7,46] vs 4,26[2,93;5,96] nmol/l, p=0,100; 28,76[20,78;48,59] vs 24,63[18,85;31,70] nmol/l, р=0,994; 100[58;118] vs 96[64;143] pmol/l, p=0,522; 24 против 18%, p=0,754, respectively). CONCLUSION COVID-19 has a pronounced negative effect on the production of testosterone in men, leading to the development of laboratoric hypogonadism, which is potentially reversible. The reversibility of laboratoric hypogonadism is typical for younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Р. В. Роживанов
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | | | - Е. Н. Андреева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - Н. Г. Мокрышева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
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24
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Rhoades R, Solomon S, Johnson C, Teng S. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Host Factors Involved in Mental Disorders. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:845559. [PMID: 35444632 PMCID: PMC9014212 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.845559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a systemic illness due to its multiorgan effects in patients. The disease has a detrimental impact on respiratory and cardiovascular systems. One early symptom of infection is anosmia or lack of smell; this implicates the involvement of the olfactory bulb in COVID-19 disease and provides a route into the central nervous system. However, little is known about how SARS-CoV-2 affects neurological or psychological symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 exploits host receptors that converge on pathways that impact psychological symptoms. This systemic review discusses the ways involved by coronavirus infection and their impact on mental health disorders. We begin by briefly introducing the history of coronaviruses, followed by an overview of the essential proteins to viral entry. Then, we discuss the downstream effects of viral entry on host proteins. Finally, we review the literature on host factors that are known to play critical roles in neuropsychiatric symptoms and mental diseases and discuss how COVID-19 could impact mental health globally. Our review details the host factors and pathways involved in the cellular mechanisms, such as systemic inflammation, that play a significant role in the development of neuropsychological symptoms stemming from COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raina Rhoades
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Sarah Solomon
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Christina Johnson
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States
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25
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de Medeiros SF, Yamamoto MMW, de Medeiros MAS, Yamamoto AKLW, Barbosa BB. Polycystic ovary syndrome and risks for COVID-19 infection: A comprehensive review : PCOS and COVID-19 relationship. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:251-264. [PMID: 35218458 PMCID: PMC8881900 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive review aimed to evaluate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection (the cause of coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19) and the metabolic and endocrine characteristics frequently found in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In the general population, COVID-19 is more severe in subjects with dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension. Because these conditions are comorbidities commonly associated with PCOS, it was hypothesized that women with PCOS would be at higher risk for acquiring COVID-19 and developing more severe clinical presentations. This hypothesis was confirmed in several epidemiological studies. The present review shows that women with PCOS are at 28%-50% higher risk of being infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus at all ages and that, in these women, COVID-19 is associated with increased rates of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. We summarize the mechanisms of the higher risk of COVID-19 infection in women with PCOS, particularly in those with carbohydrate and lipid abnormal metabolism, hyperandrogenism, and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
- Tropical Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
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26
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Hollenberg MD, Epstein M. The innate immune response, microenvironment proteinases, and the COVID-19 pandemic: pathophysiologic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets. Kidney Int Suppl (2011) 2022; 12:48-62. [PMID: 35316977 PMCID: PMC8931295 DOI: 10.1016/j.kisu.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causing considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide, has fully engaged the biomedical community in attempts to elucidate the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and develop robust therapeutic strategies. To this end, the predominant research focus has been on the adaptive immune response to COVID-19 infections stimulated by mRNA and protein vaccines and on the duration and persistence of immune protection. In contrast, the role of the innate immune response to the viral challenge has been underrepresented. This overview focuses on the innate immune response to COVID-19 infection, with an emphasis on the roles of extracellular proteases in the tissue microenvironment. Proteinase-mediated signaling caused by enzymes in the extracellular microenvironment occurs upstream of the increased production of inflammatory cytokines that mediate COVID-19 pathology. These enzymes include the coagulation cascade, kinin-generating plasma kallikrein, and the complement system, as well as angiotensin-generating proteinases of the renin–angiotensin system. Furthermore, in the context of several articles in this Supplement elucidating and detailing the trajectory of diverse profibrotic pathways, we extrapolate these insights to explore how fibrosis and profibrotic pathways participate importantly in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. We propose that the lessons garnered from understanding the roles of microenvironment proteinases in triggering the innate immune response to COVID-19 pathology will identify potential therapeutic targets and inform approaches to the clinical management of COVID-19. Furthermore, the information may also provide a template for understanding the determinants of COVID-19–induced tissue fibrosis that may follow resolution of acute infection (so-called “long COVID”), which represents a major new challenge to our healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morley D. Hollenberg
- Inflammation Research Network–Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Murray Epstein
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Correspondence: Murray Epstein, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, P.O. Box 016960 (R-126), Miami, Florida 33101 USA.
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Aziz H, Fatima S, Mahmood H, Muhammad S, Saeed MA, Khurshid S, Aslam W, Aziz S, Faheem M. Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Relation to the Contributing Factors in COVID-19 Patients. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:142-149. [PMID: 35167759 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human health has always been challenged by variety of viral infections, but severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has surpassed all previous viral diseases and emerged as a major health challenge around the globe. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and serological assay provides a compliment to diagnosis after second week of infection. The aim of the study is the characterization of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in the blood sample of diagnosed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and its potential association with factors such as age, gender, time, and symptoms. Serum from 248 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients was investigated for antibodies. Elecsys anti-SARS chemiluminescent immune assay was performed for the detection of nucleocapsid-specific antibodies. Association of antibody response with gender, age, and time after onset of symptoms was analyzed. Among 248 PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 patients, 214 (86.3%) have virus-specific antibody signals. Antibodies positivity rate was higher in male patient patients as compared with female patients (90.8% vs. 79.2%, p = 0.009). Patients aged 30-40 years had the highest antibody positivity rate as compared with other groups (89.10%, p = 0.04). Patients age group >60 years had a lower positivity rate (75%, p = 0.04). The increasing trend in the antibodies detection with time was observed, maximum positive antibodies response rate observed at 8 weeks. Patients were categorized on the basis of clinical symptoms into asymptomatic, mild, and moderate; 17.7% were asymptomatic, 60.5% showed mild symptoms, and 21.8% showed moderate symptoms of the disease. Males were seen to be more asymptomatic as compared with females (i.e., 59.1% to 40.9%). The serological test for SARS-CoV-2 has a high sensitivity at >2 weeks after the positive PCR result or onset of illness. In addition, the serological response differs among patients based on gender, age, as well as time between the onset of symptoms or PCR confirmation and sample collection for the study of antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Aziz
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Fatima
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humera Mahmood
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Shaista Khurshid
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wardah Aslam
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saeeda Aziz
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Faheem
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan
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28
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Delli Muti N, Finocchi F, Tossetta G, Salvio G, Cutini M, Marzioni D, Balercia G. Could SARS-CoV-2 infection affect male fertility and sexuality? APMIS 2022; 130:243-252. [PMID: 35114008 PMCID: PMC9314998 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the cause of coronavirus infectious disease (COVID‐19) and has rapidly spread worldwide, causing serious problems to the healthcare systems of many countries and hundreds of thousand deaths. In this review we discuss data from the literature to understand whether the various districts of the male reproductive system may represent another vulnerable target for SARS‐CoV‐2. Studies were searched from electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and COVID‐19 specific databases such as LitCovid, until July 31, 2021. It appears that SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection not only causes damage to the respiratory system, but could have a serious impact on the reproductive system of male patients modulating many physiological processes. Like some other infections, SARS‐CoV‐2 also leads to a worsening of semen quality and an increase in oxidative stress (OS) levels. However, due to the limited number of studies, it is unclear whether this deterioration in semen parameters is temporary or lasts over time. It is certainly important that patients' reproductive function is monitored after coronavirus infection to avoid problems in reproductive health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Delli Muti
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Finocchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Melissa Cutini
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Wang Y, Zheng K, Gao W, Lv J, Yu C, Wang L, Wang Z, Wang B, Liao C, Li L. Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic infection in Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2022; 2:66-88. [PMID: 35658110 PMCID: PMC9047649 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the presence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) asymptomatic infections detected, their proportion, transmission potential, and other aspects such as immunity and related emerging challenges have attracted people's attention. We have found that based on high-quality research, asymptomatic infections account for at least one-third of the total cases, whereas based on systematic review and meta-analysis, the proportion is about one-fifth. Evaluating the true transmission potential of asymptomatic cases is difficult but critical, since it may affect national policies in response to COVID-19. We have summarized the current evidence and found, compared with symptomatic cases, the transmission capacity of asymptomatic individuals is weaker, even though they have similar viral load and relatively short virus shedding duration. As the outbreak progresses, asymptomatic infections have also been found to develop long COVID-19. In addition, the role of asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 remains to be further revealed as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continue to emerge. Nevertheless, as asymptomatic infections transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virus silently, they still pose a substantial threat to public health. Therefore, it is essential to conduct screening to obtain more knowledge about the asymptomatic infections and to detect them as soon as possible; meanwhile, management of them is also a key point in the fight against COVID-19 community transmission. The different management of asymptomatic infections in various countries are compared and the experience in China is displayed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Centre for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Centre for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zijun Wang
- Peking University Centre for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Meinian Public Health Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Centre for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Centre for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
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30
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Yedinak C, Ross IL. Significant risk of COVID-19 and related-hospitalization among patients with adrenal insufficiency: A large multinational survey. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1042119. [PMID: 36440212 PMCID: PMC9684629 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1042119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine self-reported incidence and potential risk factors for COVID-19 in patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI). METHODS A 27-item AI survey was developed for AI and COVID-19 status, vetted by specialists and patients, and distributed via social media, websites, and advocacy groups. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. Data were collected from September 20th, 2020 until December 31st, 2020. RESULTS Respondents (n=1291) with self-reported glucocorticoid treatment for AI, completed the survey, with 456 who reported having symptoms and were screened for COVID-19 during 2020; 40 tested positive (+ve), representing an 8.8% incidence. Of the COVID-19+ve, 31 were female (78%), with mean age of 39.9 years. COVID-19 among AI patients occurred most commonly in those aged 40-59 years (n=17; 42.5%); mean time since AI diagnosis was 13.5 years (range 0.2-42.0 years). Pulmonary disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and higher maintenance doses of glucocorticoids were significantly associated with +ve COVID-19 (p=0.04, p=0.01, and p=0.001, respectively. In respondents the cumulative incidence of COVID-19+ve during 2020 was 3.1%; greater than the 1.03% worldwide-incidence reported by WHO, by December 31st, 2020. There was a 3-fold (95% CI 2.16-3.98) greater relative risk (RR) of COVID-19 infection and a 23.8- fold (95% CI 20.7-31.2) RR of hospitalization in patients with AI, compared with the global population. CONCLUSION A markedly raised RR of COVID-19 and hospitalization in respondents reporting chronic AI was detected. We found that a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, age>40 years, male gender, pulmonary disease, and higher maintenance doses of glucocorticoids were associated with greatest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Yedinak
- Department of Neurosurgical Services, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Christine Yedinak,
| | - Ian Louis Ross
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Roozbeh J, Janfeshan S, Afshari A, Doostkam A, Yaghobi R. A Review of Special Considerations on Insulin Resistance Induced Hyperandrogenemia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prominent COVID-19 Risk Factor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2022; 11:168-179. [PMID: 37091038 PMCID: PMC10116349 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.11.2.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infecting mechanism depends on hosting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) as essential components and androgens as regulators for inducing the expression of these components. Therefore, hyperandrogenism-related disease such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in insulin resistant women in reproductive-age is a high-risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we describe the signaling pathways that might increase the susceptibility and severity of this new pandemic in PCOS women with insulin resistance (IR). Luteinizing hormone and insulin increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients via the induction of steroidogenic enzymes expression through cAMP-response element binding protein and Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), respectively. TMPRSS2 expression is activated through phosphorylation of FOXO1 in ovaries. In other words, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with temporary IR by affecting ACE2 and disturbing β-pancreatic function. Therefore, PCOS, IR, and SARS-CoV-2 infection are three corners of the triangle that have complicated relations, and their association might increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Roozbeh
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sahar Janfeshan
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Afsoon Afshari
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Aida Doostkam
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Corresponding Author: Ramin Yaghobi Address: Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. E-mail:
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32
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Ghafoor R, Ali SM, Patil A, Goldust M. Association of androgenetic alopecia and severity of coronavirus disease 2019. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:874-879. [PMID: 34918457 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the association of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). DESIGN Observational study. METHODOLOGY A total of 300 hospitalized patients of COVID-19 were included. Scoring of AGA was done, and severity of COVID-19 was measured as better and worse hospital outcomes. Correlation between severity of AGA and severity of COVID-19 was noted. RESULTS Out of 300 patients, 220 (73.33%) were male and 80 (26.67%) were female. In males, mild-to-moderate Hamilton-Norwood scale (HNS<3) and severe alopecia (HNS3-7) were noted among 43(20%) and 177(80.55%) patients, respectively. In females, 43(54%) had no AGA while 37(46%) had AGA. In 37 females with AGA, mild-to-moderate (Ludwig scale <2) and severe alopecia (Ludwig scale 2-3) were seen in 9(24.32%) and 28(75.68%) patients, respectively. We report a significant increase in frequency (95%) and severity of AGA and worse outcomes in males (p-value 0.000, chi-square: 18.90) compared with females (46%) (p-value 0.273, chi-square: 7.544), with notable adverse COVID-19 disease outcomes in the younger age group of men and also in few women of younger age group suffering from AGA without any comorbidities. CONCLUSION Our study shows a significant increase in frequency and severity of AGA and worse outcomes in men compared with women. There was a significant association between AGA severity and hospital disease outcome in men compared with women. Younger age group patients with severe AGA particularly men also faced adverse outcomes while having no known comorbidities, supporting the hypothesis that anti-androgen drugs might be valuable in patients of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ghafoor
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Mahanum Ali
- Department of Dermatology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Kapustova L, Petrovicova O, Banovcin P, Antosova M, Bobcakova A, Urbancikova I, Rennerova Z, Jesenak M. COVID-19 and the differences in physiological background between children and adults and their clinical consequences. Physiol Res 2021; 70:S209-S225. [PMID: 34913353 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has indeed been one of the most significant problems facing the world in the last decade. It has affected (directly or indirectly) the entire population and all age groups. Children have accounted for 1.7 % to 2 % of the diagnosed cases of COVID-19. COVID-19 in children is usually associated with a mild course of the disease and a better survival rate than in adults. In this review, we investigate the different mechanisms which underlie this observation. Generally, we can say that the innate immune response of children is strong because they have a trained immunity, allowing the early control of infection at the site of entry. Suppressed adaptive immunity and a dysfunctional innate immune response is seen in adult patients with severe infections but not in children. This may relate to immunosenescence in the elderly. Another proposed factor is the different receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and their differences in expression between these age groups. In infants and toddlers, effective immune response to viral particles can be modulated by the pre-existing non-specific effect of live attenuated vaccines on innate immunity and vitamin D prophylaxis. However, all the proposed mechanisms require verification in larger cohorts of patients. Our knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 is still developing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kapustova
- Clinic of Pediatric Pneumology and Phthisiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. and Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Clinic of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Teaching Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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Abstract
Recent molecular biology findings have shown that for the penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into host cells, a key role is played by protease serine 2, the activity of which is dependent on androgens. The important role of androgens is also evidenced by clinical observations that men in some age categories are infected by this novel coronavirus up to two times more frequently than women. In addition, men with androgenic alopecia tend to have more serious clinical courses, while men with androgen deprivation as a result of prostate cancer treatments tend to have milder courses. This is in line with the fact that preadolescent children are only rarely sickened with serious forms of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Even though these observations may be explained by other factors, many authors have hypothesized that lowered androgen levels and blocking their activity using anti-androgen medication may moderate the course of the viral infection in intermediately- to critically-affected cases. Clearly, it would be important for androgen deprivation to block not just gonadal androgens, but also adrenal androgens. On the other hand, low androgen levels are considered to be a risk factor for the course of SARS-CoV-2 infections, either because low androgen levels have a general effect on anabolic-catabolic equilibrium and energy metabolism, or because of the ability of testosterone to modify the immune system. It is not yet clear if infection with this novel coronavirus might induce hypogonadism, leading to undesirable side effects on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Stárka
- Institute of Endocrinology, Praha 1, Czech Republic.
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35
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Screening of Potential Indonesia Herbal Compounds Based on Multi-Label Classification for 2019 Coronavirus Disease. BIG DATA AND COGNITIVE COMPUTING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/bdcc5040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic spreads rapidly and requires an acceleration in the process of drug discovery. Drug repurposing can help accelerate the drug discovery process by identifying new efficacy for approved drugs, and it is considered an efficient and economical approach. Research in drug repurposing can be done by observing the interactions of drug compounds with protein related to a disease (DTI), then predicting the new drug-target interactions. This study conducted multilabel DTI prediction using the stack autoencoder-deep neural network (SAE-DNN) algorithm. Compound features were extracted using PubChem fingerprint, daylight fingerprint, MACCS fingerprint, and circular fingerprint. The results showed that the SAE-DNN model was able to predict DTI in COVID-19 cases with good performance. The SAE-DNN model with a circular fingerprint dataset produced the best average metrics with an accuracy of 0.831, recall of 0.918, precision of 0.888, and F-measure of 0.89. Herbal compounds prediction results using the SAE-DNN model with the circular, daylight, and PubChem fingerprint dataset resulted in 92, 65, and 79 herbal compounds contained in herbal plants in Indonesia respectively.
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Kamble P, Daulatabad V, John N, John J. Synopsis of symptoms of COVID-19 during second wave of the pandemic in India. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 43:97-104. [PMID: 34881534 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 was caused by the original coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV2), which originated in Wuhan, China. COVID-19 had a large breakout of cases in early 2020, resulting in an epidemic that turned into a pandemic. This quickly enveloped the global healthcare system. The principal testing method for COVID-19 detection, according to the WHO, is reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Isolation of patients, quarantine, masking, social distancing, sanitizer use, and complete lockdown were all vital health-care procedures for everyone. With the 'new normal' and vaccination programmes, the number of cases and recovered patients began to rise months later. The easing of restrictions during the plateau phase resulted in a rebound of instances, which hit the people with more ferocity and vengeance towards the start of April 2021. Coronaviruses have evolved to cause respiratory, enteric, hepatic, and neurologic diseases, resulting in a wide range of diseases and symptoms such as fever, cough, myalgia or fatigue, shortness of breath, muscle ache, headache, sore throat, rhinorrhea, hemoptysis, chest pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, anosmia, and ageusia. Coronavirus infections can be mild, moderate, or severe in intensity. COVID-19 pulmonary dysfunction includes lung edoema, ground-glass opacities, surfactant depletion, and alveolar collapse. Patients who presented with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea had a higher risk of negative outcomes. COVID-19's influence on cognitive function is one of COVID-19's long-term effects. More clinical situations need to be reviewed by healthcare professionals so that an appropriate management protocol may be developed to reduce morbidity and death in future coming third/fourth wave cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull Kamble
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
| | - Vandana Daulatabad
- RVM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Siddipet, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Nitin John
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
| | - Jyoti John
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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38
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Malek RJ, Bill CA, Vines CM. Clinical drug therapies and biologicals currently used or in clinical trial to treat COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112276. [PMID: 34624681 PMCID: PMC8486678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants capable of escaping vaccine-generated immune responses poses a looming threat to vaccination efforts and will likely prolong the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the prevalence of beta coronaviruses circulating in animals and the precedent they have set in jumping into human populations indicates that they pose a continuous threat for future pandemics. Currently, only one therapeutic is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in treating COVID-19, remdesivir, although other therapies are authorized for emergency use due to this pandemic being a public health emergency. In this review, twenty-four different treatments are discussed regarding their use against COVID-19 and any potential future coronavirus-associated illnesses. Their traditional use, mechanism of action against COVID-19, and efficacy in clinical trials are assessed. Six treatments evaluated are shown to significantly decrease mortality in clinical trials, and ten treatments have shown some form of clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory J. Malek
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78705, United States
| | - Colin A. Bill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso TX 79968, United States
| | - Charlotte M. Vines
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso TX 79968, United States,Corresponding author
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Durcan E, Turan S, Bircan BE, Yaylamaz S, Demirel O, Demir AN, Sulu C, Kara Z, Sahin S, Taze SS, Mefkure Ozkaya H, Kadioglu P. TransCOVID: Does Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy Play a Role in Contracting COVID-19? JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2021; 48:415-426. [PMID: 34806552 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2021.2000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Based on the possible effects of androgens on the course of COVID-19, it can be posited that Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT) may affect the course of the disease in people with GD. We aimed to investigate the relationship between GAHT and contracting COVID-19, as well as the severity of the disease in individuals with Gender Dysphoria (GD). The single center, cross-sectional, web-based survey was completed by people with GD who received GAHT. The questionnaire contained three parts: a sociodemographic data form; a GAHT data form; a COVID-19-related data form. Of the 238 participants, 179 were individuals with female-to-male (FtM) and 59 male-to-female (MtF) GD. We detected that the risk of contracting COVID-19 increased 3.46 times in people with FtM GD, who had received testosterone therapy, in comparison to people with MtF GD, who received estrogen and anti-androgen therapy. Additionally, people with FtM GD who contracted COVID-19 had received longer testosterone therapy when compared to those who did not contract COVID-19. Our findings indicate that individuals with FtM GD who receive testosterone treatment within the scope of GAHT are at higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and that the clinicians who follow-up on GAHT should be more careful about this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Durcan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senol Turan
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Ecem Bircan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selver Yaylamaz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oznur Demirel
- Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Numan Demir
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Sulu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Kara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sahin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Sibel Taze
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Mefkure Ozkaya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kadioglu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Are sex disparities in COVID-19 a predictable outcome of failing men's health provision? Nat Rev Urol 2021; 19:47-63. [PMID: 34795426 PMCID: PMC8600906 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, has taken a catastrophic toll on society, health-care systems and the economy. Notably, COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with a higher mortality rate in men than in women. This disparity is likely to be a consequence of a failure to invest in men’s health, as it has also been established that men have a lower life expectancy and poorer outcomes from non-communicable diseases than women. A variety of biological, social and economic factors have contributed to the sex disparities in mortality from COVID-19. A streamlined men’s health programme — with the urologist as the gatekeeper of men’s health — is needed to help prevent future tragedies of this nature. COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with a higher mortality rate in men than in women. In this Perspectives article, the authors posit that this disparity is due to a failure to invest in men’s health and discuss the biological, social and economic factors that have contributed to the sex disparities in mortality from COVID-19, as well as considering how a streamlined men’s health programme with the urologist in a central role could address these issues.
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Ranjan J, Ravindra A, Mishra B. Gender and genetic factors impacting COVID-19 severity. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3956-3963. [PMID: 35136752 PMCID: PMC8797126 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_769_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is a cause of global concern and is impacting lives and economy globally. Infection due to SARS-CoV-2 leads to varied clinical manifestations, which can vary from asymptomatic to severe acute respiratory syndrome and death. The clinical features are proposed to depend upon various host factors, namely, gender and genetic factors. The significantly high mortality among males has revealed the role of gender, androgens, age, genetics, and risk factors in determining the severity of COVID-19 among the population. The interplay of various host factors and their association with clinically severe infections is crucial for our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis. A PubMed and Google scholar search was made using keywords such as "COVID-19 + sex differences," "COVID-19 + androgens," "COVID-19 + ACE2 receptor," and "COVID-19 + smoking alcoholism pregnancy." The articles which highlight the association of gender and genetic factors to COVID-19 were selected and included in our study. It is mainly the primary care or family physicians who act as the first contact of COVID-19 patients. With the recent increase in SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Indian subcontinent and probability of upcoming surges, it has become imperative to understand its interaction with the various gender and genetic factors to devise effective triage and management protocols. Our review highlights the possible mechanisms by which these factors impact the severity of COVID-19. A better understanding of these factors will be of immense help to primary care physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Ranjan
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Akshatha Ravindra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Baijayantimala Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Baijayantimala Mishra, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar - 751 019, Odisha, India. E-mail:
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Khezri MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M, Mahboubi N. The probable mechanism of reduced androgen level in COVID-19 patients. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 43:hmbci-2021-0052. [PMID: 34674407 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2, has challenged the health care systems of the world. Although the pulmonary complications of the infection have received extensive attention, addressing the other complications (e.g., changes in androgen levels) could further provide a more efficient understanding of the disease, which might aid in combating it. Since the association between androgens and the expression and activity of SARS-CoV-2 receptors has been proven and anti-androgen-based therapies have been considered in this regard, addressing various aspects of androgen level changes can be constructive. The present paper examines the possible mechanisms of changes in androgen levels by the virus. It seems that the infection of the gonads by the SARS-CoV-2 could reduce the androgen levels by affecting different cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Negin Mahboubi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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43
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Shafiekhani M, Dehghani A, Shahisavandi M, Nabavizadeh SA, Kabiri M, Hassani AH, Haghpanah A. Pharmacotherapeutic approach toward urological medications and vaccination during COVID-19: a narrative review. Ther Adv Urol 2021; 13:17562872211046794. [PMID: 34603508 PMCID: PMC8481748 DOI: 10.1177/17562872211046794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One year after the prevalence of the novel coronavirus pandemic, some aspects of the physiopathology, treatment and progression of coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) have remained unknown. Since no comprehensive study on the use of urological medications in patients with COVID-19 has been carried out, this narrative review aimed to focus on clinically important issues about the treatment of COVID-19 and urologic medications regarding efficacy, modifications, side effects and interactions in different urologic diseases. In this review, we provide information about the pharmacotherapeutic approach toward urologic medications in patients with COVID-19 infection. This study provides an overview of medications in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, impotence and sexual dysfunction, urolithiasis, kidney transplantation and hypertension as the most frequent diseases in which the patients are on long-term medications. Also, the effect of urologic drugs on the efficacy of vaccination is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Shafiekhani
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahita Dehghani
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mina Shahisavandi
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Kabiri
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Abdolreza Haghpanah
- Assistant Professor of Urology, Endourology Ward, Urology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71348-44119, Iran Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71348-44119, Iran
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44
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Faidah H, Alexiou A, Batiha GES. Testosterone in COVID-19: An Adversary Bane or Comrade Boon. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:666987. [PMID: 34568081 PMCID: PMC8455954 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.666987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which leads to pulmonary manifestations like acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, COVID-19 may cause extra-pulmonary manifestation such as testicular injury. Both high and low levels of testosterone could affect the severity of COVID-19. Herein, there is substantial controversy regarding the potential role of testosterone in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Therefore, the present study aimed to review and elucidate the assorted view of preponderance regarding the beneficial and harmful effects of testosterone in COVID-19. A related literature search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct was done. All published articles related to the role of testosterone and COVID-19 were included in this mini-review. The beneficial effects of testosterone in COVID-19 are through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, augmentation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of the immune response, attenuation of oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. However, its harmful effects in COVID-19 are due to augmentation of transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which is essential for cleaving and activating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most published studies illustrated that low testosterone levels are linked to COVID-19 severity. A low testosterone level in COVID-19 is mainly due to testicular injury, the primary source of testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hani Faidah
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia.,AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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45
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Deng H, Yan X, Yuan L. Human genetic basis of coronavirus disease 2019. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:344. [PMID: 34545062 PMCID: PMC8450706 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00736-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. COVID-19 incidence, severity, and mortality rates differ greatly between populations, genders, ABO blood groups, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes, ethnic groups, and geographic backgrounds. This highly heterogeneous SARS-CoV-2 infection is multifactorial. Host genetic factors such as variants in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE), the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene (ACE2), the transmembrane protease serine 2 gene (TMPRSS2), along with HLA genotype, and ABO blood group help to explain individual susceptibility, severity, and outcomes of COVID-19. This review is focused on COVID-19 clinical and viral characteristics, pathogenesis, and genetic findings, with particular attention on genetic diversity and variants. The human genetic basis could provide scientific bases for disease prediction and targeted therapy to address the COVID-19 scourge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xue Yan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lamei Yuan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Rezq S, Huffman AM, Basnet J, Yanes Cardozo LL, Romero DG. Cardiac and Renal SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry Protein Regulation by Androgens and Diet: Implications for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189746. [PMID: 34575910 PMCID: PMC8470275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity, and preexisting pulmonary, metabolic, renal, and cardiac conditions. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women, is associated with obesity, hyperandrogenism, and cardiometabolic dysregulations. We analyzed cardiac, renal, circulatory, and urinary SARS-CoV-2 viral entry proteins (ACE2, TMPRSS2, TMPRSS4, furin, cathepsin L, and ADAM17) and androgen receptor (AR) expression, in a peripubertal androgen exposure model of PCOS. Peripubertal female mice were treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and low (LFD) or high (HFD) fat diet for 90 days. HFD exacerbated DHT-induced increase in body weight, fat mass, and cardiac and renal hypertrophy. In the heart, DHT upregulated AR protein in both LFD and HFD, ACE2 in HFD, and ADAM17 in LFD. In the kidney, AR protein expression was upregulated by both DHT and HFD. Moreover, ACE2 and ADAM17 were upregulated by DHT in both diets. Renal TMPRSS2, furin, and cathepsin L were upregulated by DHT and differentially modulated by the diet. DHT upregulated urinary ACE2 in both diets, while neither treatment modified serum ACE2. Renal AR mRNA expression positively correlated with Ace2, Tmprss2, furin, cathepsin L, and ADAM17. Our findings suggest that women with PCOS could be a population with a high risk of COVID-19-associated cardiac and renal complications. Furthermore, our study suggests that weight loss by lifestyle modifications (i.e., diet) could potentially mitigate COVID-19-associated deleterious cardiorenal outcomes in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Rezq
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (S.R.); (A.M.H.); (J.B.); (L.L.Y.C.)
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Alexandra M. Huffman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (S.R.); (A.M.H.); (J.B.); (L.L.Y.C.)
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Jelina Basnet
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (S.R.); (A.M.H.); (J.B.); (L.L.Y.C.)
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Licy L. Yanes Cardozo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (S.R.); (A.M.H.); (J.B.); (L.L.Y.C.)
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Damian G. Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (S.R.); (A.M.H.); (J.B.); (L.L.Y.C.)
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cardio Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N, State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-601-984-1523; Fax: +1-601-984-1501
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Rehman S, Ravinayagam V, Nahvi I, Aldossary H, Al-Shammari M, Amiri MSA, Kishore U, Al-Suhaimi EA. Immunity, Sex Hormones, and Environmental Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Disparity in Women. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680845. [PMID: 34484179 PMCID: PMC8416472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a major global pandemic, causing extreme morbidity and mortality. Few studies appear to suggest a significant impact of gender in morbidity and mortality, where men are reported at a higher risk than women. The infectivity, transmissibility, and varying degree of disease manifestation (mild, modest, and severe) in population studies reinforce the importance of a number of genetic and epigenetic factors, in the context of immune response and gender. The present review dwells on several contributing factors such as a stronger innate immune response, estrogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene, and microbiota, which impart greater resistance to the SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease progression in women. In addition, the underlying importance of associated microbiota and certain environmental factors in gender-based disparity pertaining to the mortality and morbidity due to COVID-19 in women has also been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Rehman
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijaya Ravinayagam
- Deanship of Scientific Research and Institute of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Insha Nahvi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Aldossary
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Al-Shammari
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Saad Al Amiri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Institute of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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48
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Malik J, Younus F, Iftikhar I, Usman M. Love in the time of COVID-19: a scoping review on male sexual health. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2021; 11:496-500. [PMID: 34211656 PMCID: PMC8221167 DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2021.1922133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak constitutes an unparalleled socioeconomic burden on the global scale. In critically ill COVID-19 patients, the disease manifests as a state of hyper inflammation causing the 'cytokine storm', which leads to various pulmonary, cardiovascular, and spurious manifestations. One such reported sequelae of COVID-19 is sexual dysfunction in males even after recovery from the disease. Various mechanisms have been proposed regarding the erectile dysfunction a patient suffers after COVID-19. Most important is the hypothesis of endothelial dysregulation, subclinical hypogonadism, psychosocial misery, and pulmonary impairment contributing to erectile dysfunction. Assessment of testicular function and hormonal axis is needed to assess the novel association of COVID-19 with sexual and reproductive health issues in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahanzeb Malik
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Younus
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Imran Iftikhar
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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49
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Wiernik PH, Sun Z, Cripe LD, Rowe JM, Fernandez HF, Luger SM, Lazarus HM, Paietta EM, Tallman MS, Litzow MR. Prognostic effect of gender on outcome of treatment for adults with acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:309-318. [PMID: 34145576 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There are conflicting reports in the literature suggesting that one gender or the other has a better survival with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The present study was done in an attempt to resolve the issue. The effect of gender was examined on 3546 newly diagnosed patients with AML, including 548 patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) enrolled in 10 multi-institutional treatment studies from March 1984 to November 2008. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to estimate event-time distributions for survival and multivariate models were used to examine the gender effect after adjusting for multiple risk factors. P values were based on two-sided tests. Non-APL female patients had a significantly better overall (OS) but not disease-free survival (DFS) than males, irrespective of age, initial white blood cell count, or dose of daunorubicin. No differences were observed for obese or FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD)-positive patients. Female patients with APL had a significantly better OS and DFS than male patients with APL, and differences in survival were greater for patients with t(15;17) + other cytogenetic abnormalities compared with those with t(15;17) only. Gender is an independent prognostic variable in patients with AML. Whether these survival differences are due to hormonal, genetic or pharmacokinetic differences between the sexes or differential toxin exposure such as smoking is unknown. However, the former seems less likely as patient age did not influence the survival advantage for female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuoxin Sun
- ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Boston, MA, USA
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50
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Moravvej H, Pourani MR, Baghani M, Abdollahimajd F. Androgenetic alopecia and COVID-19: A review of the hypothetical role of androgens. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15004. [PMID: 34033224 PMCID: PMC8209856 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has become the most emerging health issue globally. A prompt investigation regarding disease management and treatment is crucial for decreasing the burden of the disease. Many explorations and hypotheses have been posed, but the definite treatment has not been determined for COVID‐19. Recent studies described a substantial prevalence of COVID‐19 and also a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in men afflicted with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. The gender‐related discordance in COVID‐19 infection may be due to hormonal differences, socioeconomic factors, genetic susceptibility, gender‐related comorbidities, and habits like alcohol consumption. On the other hand, several studies proposed that androgens could improve the immune system and have a protective role in COVID‐19, and decreased levels of androgens might be associated with unsatisfactory outcomes. In the field of dermatology, androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is correlated with a hyperandrogenic state and may be related to COVID‐19 severity. Furthermore, recent research has assessed the plausible association of AGA and COVID‐19. In this review, we investigate all evidence on AGA and its relationship with COVID‐19, including the possible role of androgens in COVID‐19 severity and outcomes as well as candidate androgen‐related drugs for the treatment of COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Moravvej
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Baghani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Abdollahimajd
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Unit of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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