1
|
Engert LC, Ledderose C, Biniamin C, Birriel P, Buraks O, Chatterton B, Dang R, Daniel S, Eske A, Reed T, Tang A, Bertisch SM, Mullington JM, Junger WG, Haack M. Effects of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid on the inflammatory response to experimental sleep restriction in healthy humans. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:142-154. [PMID: 39043348 PMCID: PMC11389483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep deficiencies, such as manifested in short sleep duration or insomnia symptoms, are known to increase the risk for multiple disease conditions involving immunopathology. Inflammation is hypothesized to be a mechanism through which deficient sleep acts as a risk factor for these conditions. Thus, one potential way to mitigate negative health consequences associated with deficient sleep is to target inflammation. Few interventional sleep studies investigated whether improving sleep affects inflammatory processes, but results suggest that complementary approaches may be necessary to target inflammation associated with sleep deficiencies. We investigated whether targeting inflammation through low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, i.e., aspirin) is able to blunt the inflammatory response to experimental sleep restriction. METHODS 46 healthy participants (19F/27M, age range 19-63 years) were studied in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial with three protocols each consisting of a 14-day at-home monitoring phase followed by an 11-day (10-night) in-laboratory stay (sleep restriction/ASA, sleep restriction/placebo, control sleep/placebo). In the sleep restriction/ASA condition, participants took low-dose ASA (81 mg/day) daily in the evening (22:00) during the at-home phase and the subsequent in-laboratory stay. In the sleep restriction/placebo and control sleep/placebo conditions, participants took placebo daily. Each in-laboratory stay started with 2 nights with a sleep opportunity of 8 h/night (23:00-07:00) for adaptation and baseline measurements. Under the two sleep restriction conditions, participants were exposed to 5 nights of sleep restricted to a sleep opportunity of 4 h/night (03:00-07:00) followed by 3 nights of recovery sleep with a sleep opportunity of 8 h/night. Under the control sleep condition, participants had a sleep opportunity of 8 h/night throughout the in-laboratory stay. During each in-laboratory stay, participants had 3 days of intensive monitoring (at baseline, 5th day of sleep restriction/control sleep, and 2nd day of recovery sleep). Variables, including pro-inflammatory immune cell function, C-reactive protein (CRP), and actigraphy-estimated measures of sleep, were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS Low-dose ASA administration reduced the interleukin (IL)-6 expression in LPS-stimulated monocytes (p<0.05 for condition*day) and reduced serum CRP levels (p<0.01 for condition) after 5 nights of sleep restriction compared to placebo administration in the sleep restriction condition. Low-dose ASA also reduced the amount of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/COX-2 double positive cells among LPS-stimulated monocytes after 2 nights of recovery sleep following 5 nights of sleep restriction compared to placebo (p<0.05 for condition). Low-dose ASA further decreased wake after sleep onset (WASO) and increased sleep efficiency (SE) during the first 2 nights of recovery sleep (p<0.001 for condition and condition*day). Baseline comparisons revealed no differences between conditions for all of the investigated variables (p>0.05 for condition). CONCLUSION This study shows that inflammatory responses to sleep restriction can be reduced by preemptive administration of low-dose ASA. This finding may open new therapeutic approaches to prevent or control inflammation and its consequences in those experiencing sleep deficiencies. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03377543.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa C Engert
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carola Ledderose
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Careen Biniamin
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paola Birriel
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Buraks
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bryan Chatterton
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rammy Dang
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Surya Daniel
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annika Eske
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor Reed
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ava Tang
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne M Bertisch
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Janet M Mullington
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wolfgang G Junger
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Monika Haack
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hargrave KE, Worrell JC, Pirillo C, Brennan E, Masdefiol Garriga A, Gray JI, Purnell T, Roberts EW, MacLeod MKL. Lung influenza virus-specific memory CD4 T cell location and optimal cytokine production are dependent on interactions with lung antigen-presenting cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:843-857. [PMID: 38851589 PMCID: PMC11464401 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection leads to the formation of mucosal memory CD4 T cells that can protect the host. An in-depth understanding of the signals that shape memory cell development is required for more effective vaccine design. We have examined the formation of memory CD4 T cells in the lung following IAV infection of mice, characterizing changes to the lung landscape and immune cell composition. IAV-specific CD4 T cells were found throughout the lung at both primary and memory time points. These cells were found near lung airways and in close contact with a range of immune cells including macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. Interactions between lung IAV-specific CD4 T cells and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)II+ cells during the primary immune response were important in shaping the subsequent memory pool. Treatment with an anti-MHCII blocking antibody increased the proportion of memory CD4 T cells found in lung airways but reduced interferon-γ expression by IAV-specific immunodominant memory CD4 T cells. The immunodominant CD4 T cells expressed higher levels of programmed death ligand 1 (PD1) than other IAV-specific CD4 T cells and PD1+ memory CD4 T cells were located further away from MHCII+ cells than their PD1-low counterparts. This distinction in location was lost in mice treated with anti-MHCII antibodies. These data suggest that sustained antigen presentation in the lung impacts the formation of memory CD4 T cells by regulating their cytokine production and location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie E Hargrave
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Julie C Worrell
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Euan Brennan
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Joshua I Gray
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Thomas Purnell
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Megan K L MacLeod
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bradley MC, Gray J, Carpia FL, Idzikowski E, Guyer R, Pethe K, Hod EA, Connors TJ. Dietary iron deficiency impairs effector function of memory T cells following influenza infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.22.604599. [PMID: 39211133 PMCID: PMC11361010 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.22.604599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of memory T cell responses is critical to protection against pathogens and is influenced by the conditions under which memory formation occurs. Iron is an essential micronutrient for multiple immunologic processes and nutritional deficiency is a common problem worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the impact of nutritional iron deficiency on the establishment of memory T cell responses is not fully understood. In this study we investigate the impact of nutritional iron deficiency on the generation, phenotype, and function of memory T cell responses using a murine model of dietary iron modulation in the context of influenza infection. Iron deficient mice have decreased systemic iron levels and develop significant anemia. Increased T cell expression of the transferrin receptor (CD71) is seen in iron deficient mice at baseline. During primary influenza infection, iron deficient mice experience increased weight loss and phenotypic evidence of impairments in T cell activation. Following recovery from infection, iron deficient mice generate increased influenza specific memory T cells which exhibit impaired ability to produce IFNγ, most notably within the lung. Importantly, the ability to produce IFNγ and TNFα is not recovered by co-culture with iron replete dendritic cells, suggesting a T cell intrinsic alteration in functional memory formation. Altogether, these results isolate a critical effect of nutritional iron deficiency on T cell memory development and function.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lu C, Li H, Chen W, Li H, Ma J, Peng P, Yan Y, Dong W, Jin Y, Pan S, Shang S, Gu J, Zhou J. Immunological characteristics of a recombinant alphaherpesvirus with an envelope-embedded Cap protein of circovirus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1438371. [PMID: 39081314 PMCID: PMC11286414 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1438371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Variant pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a newly emerged zoonotic pathogen that can cause human blindness. PRV can take advantage of its large genome and multiple non-essential genes to construct recombinant attenuated vaccines carrying foreign genes. However, a major problem is that the foreign genes in recombinant PRV are only integrated into the genome for independent expression, rather than assembled on the surface of virion. Methods We reported a recombinant PRV with deleted gE/TK genes and an inserted porcine circovirus virus 2 (PCV2) Cap gene into the extracellular domain of the PRV gE gene using the Cre-loxP recombinant system combined with the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system. This recombinant PRV (PRV-Cap), with the envelope-embedded Cap protein, exhibits a similar replication ability to its parental virus. Results An immunogenicity assay revealed that PRV-Cap immunized mice have 100% resistance to lethal PRV and PCV2 attacks. Neutralization antibody and ELISPOT detections indicated that PRV-Cap can enhance neutralizing antibodies to PRV and produce IFN-γ secreting T cells specific for both PRV and PCV2. Immunological mechanistic investigation revealed that initial immunization with PRV-Cap stimulates significantly early activation and expansion of CD69+ T cells, promoting the activation of CD4 Tfh cell dependent germinal B cells and producing effectively specific effector memory T and B cells. Booster immunization with PRV-Cap recalled the activation of PRV-specific IFN-γ+IL-2+CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells, as well as PCV2-specific IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells. Conclusion Collectively, our data suggested an immunological mechanism in that the recombinant PRV with envelope-assembled PCV2 Cap protein can serve as an excellent vaccine candidate for combined immunity against PRV and PCV2, and provided a cost-effective method for the production of PRV- PCV2 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhe Lu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haimin Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Ma
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Peng
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiren Dong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Jin
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Pan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaobin Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Gu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Zhejiang University Center for Veterinary Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gray JI, Caron DP, Wells SB, Guyer R, Szabo P, Rainbow D, Ergen C, Rybkina K, Bradley MC, Matsumoto R, Pethe K, Kubota M, Teichmann S, Jones J, Yosef N, Atkinson M, Brusko M, Brusko TM, Connors TJ, Sims PA, Farber DL. Human γδ T cells in diverse tissues exhibit site-specific maturation dynamics across the life span. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadn3954. [PMID: 38848342 PMCID: PMC11425769 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adn3954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
During ontogeny, γδ T cells emerge from the thymus and directly seed peripheral tissues for in situ immunity. However, their functional role in humans has largely been defined from blood. Here, we analyzed the phenotype, transcriptome, function, and repertoire of human γδ T cells in blood and mucosal and lymphoid tissues from 176 donors across the life span, revealing distinct profiles in children compared with adults. In early life, clonally diverse Vδ1 subsets predominate across blood and tissues, comprising naïve and differentiated effector and tissue repair functions, whereas cytolytic Vδ2 subsets populate blood, spleen, and lungs. With age, Vδ1 and Vδ2 subsets exhibit clonal expansions and elevated cytolytic signatures, which are disseminated across sites. In adults, Vδ2 cells predominate in blood, whereas Vδ1 cells are enriched across tissues and express residency profiles. Thus, antigenic exposures over childhood drive the functional evolution and tissue compartmentalization of γδ T cells, leading to age-dependent roles in immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua I Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Daniel P Caron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Steven B Wells
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Rebecca Guyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Peter Szabo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Daniel Rainbow
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Can Ergen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ksenia Rybkina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Marissa C Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Rei Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Kalpana Pethe
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Masaru Kubota
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Sarah Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joanne Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mark Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maigan Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Thomas J Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moon S, Zhao F, Uddin MN, Tucker CJ, Karmaus PWF, Fessler MB. Flotillin-2 dampens T cell antigen-sensitivity and functionality. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591344. [PMID: 38746431 PMCID: PMC11092481 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) engagement triggers T cell responses, yet how TCR-mediated activation is regulated at the plasma membrane remains unclear. Here, we report that deleting the membrane scaffolding protein Flotillin-2 (Flot2) increases T cell antigen sensitivity, resulting in enhanced TCR signaling and effector function to weak TCR stimulation. T cell-specific Flot2-deficient mice exhibited reduced tumor growth and enhanced immunity to infection. Flot2-null CD4 + T cells exhibited increased T helper 1 polarization, proliferation, Nur77 induction, and phosphorylation of ZAP70 and LCK upon weak TCR stimulation, indicating a sensitized TCR-triggering threshold. Single cell-RNA sequencing suggested that Flot2 - null CD4 + T cells follow a similar route of activation as wild-type CD4 + T cells but exhibit higher occupancy of a discrete activation state under weak TCR stimulation. Given prior reports that TCR clustering influences sensitivity of T cells to stimuli, we evaluated TCR distribution with super-resolution microscopy. Flot2 ablation increased the number of surface TCR nanoclusters on naïve CD4 + T cells. Collectively, we posit that Flot2 modulates T cell functionality to weak TCR stimulation, at least in part, by regulating surface TCR clustering. Our findings have implications for improving T cell reactivity in diseases with poor antigenicity, such as cancer and chronic infections.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gao G, Xue Q, He J, Wu M, Jiang Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Shi W. Single-cell RNA sequencing in double-hit lymphoma: IMPDH2 induces the progression of lymphoma by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111125. [PMID: 37907047 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IMPDH2 is the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo GTP synthesis pathway and has a key role in tumors; however, the specific mechanism underlying IMPDH2 activity in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still undetermined. This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of IMPDH2 in DLBCL, and its possible involvement in double-hit lymphoma (DHL), i.e., cases with translocations involving MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6. METHODS Using single-cell sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to screen for IMPDH2. Exploring the differential expression of IMPDH2 and its correlation with prognosis through multiplexed immunofluorescence analysis. Using CCK8, EdU, clone formation assay, and animal model to analyze biological behavior changes after inhibiting IMPDH2. Explaining the potential mechanism of IMPDH2 in DLBCL by Western blot and multiplexed immunofluorescence. RESULTS Prognostic risk model was constructed by single-cell sequencing, which identified IMPDH2 as a DHL-related gene. IMPDH2 was highly expressed in cell lines and tissues, associated with poor patient prognosis and an independent prognostic factor. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that IMPDH2 inhibition significantly inhibited DHL cell proliferation. Flow cytometry showed apoptosis and cycle arrest. Western blot results suggested that c-Myc regulated the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by IMPDH2 to promote tumor development in DHL. Moreover, multiplex immunofluorescence revealed decreased T-cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment exhibiting concurrent high expression of IMPDH2 and PD-L1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that IMPDH2 functions as a tumor-promoting factor in DHL. This finding is expected to generate novel insights into the pathogenesis of these patients, thereby identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangcan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingfeng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongning Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanqing Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20, Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Nantong University Medical School, 19, Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Department of Clinical Biobank & Institute of Oncology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Westerhof LM, Noonan J, Hargrave KE, Chimbayo ET, Cheng Z, Purnell T, Jackson MR, Borcherding N, MacLeod MKL. Multifunctional cytokine production marks influenza A virus-specific CD4 T cells with high expression of survival molecules. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350559. [PMID: 37490492 PMCID: PMC10947402 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine production by memory T cells is a key mechanism of T cell mediated protection. However, we have limited understanding of the persistence of cytokine producing T cells during memory cell maintenance and secondary responses. We interrogated antigen-specific CD4 T cells using a mouse influenza A virus infection model. Although CD4 T cells detected using MHCII tetramers declined in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, we found similar numbers of cytokine+ CD4 T cells at days 9 and 30 in the lymphoid organs. CD4 T cells with the capacity to produce cytokines expressed higher levels of pro-survival molecules, CD127 and Bcl2, than non-cytokine+ cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a heterogeneous population of memory CD4 T cells with three clusters of cytokine+ cells. These clusters match flow cytometry data and reveal an enhanced survival signature in cells capable of producing multiple cytokines. Following re-infection, multifunctional T cells expressed low levels of the proliferation marker, Ki67, whereas cells that only produce the anti-viral cytokine, interferon-γ, were more likely to be Ki67+ . Despite this, multifunctional memory T cells formed a substantial fraction of the secondary memory pool. Together these data indicate that survival rather than proliferation may dictate which populations persist within the memory pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Noonan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute & Baker Department of Cardiometabolic HealthUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | | | - Elizabeth T. Chimbayo
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- Malawi Liverpool Wellcome CentreBlantyreMalawi
| | - Zhiling Cheng
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Thomas Purnell
- School of Infection and ImmunityUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Watanabe K, Gomez AM, Kuramitsu S, Siurala M, Da T, Agarwal S, Song D, Scholler J, Rotolo A, Posey AD, Rook AH, Haun PL, Ruella M, Young RM, June CH. Identifying highly active anti-CCR4 CAR T cells for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:3416-3430. [PMID: 37058474 PMCID: PMC10345856 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A challenge when targeting T-cell lymphoma with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is that target antigens are often shared between T cells and tumor cells, resulting in fratricide between CAR T cells and on-target cytotoxicity on normal T cells. CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is highly expressed in many mature T-cell malignancies, such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), and has a unique expression profile in normal T cells. CCR4 is predominantly expressed by type-2 and type-17 helper T cells (Th2 and Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg), but it is rarely expressed by other T helper (Th) subsets and CD8+ cells. Although fratricide in CAR T cells is generally thought to be detrimental to anticancer functions, in this study, we demonstrated that anti-CCR4 CAR T cells specifically depleted Th2 and Tregs, while sparing CD8+ and Th1 T cells. Moreover, fratricide increased the percentage of CAR+ T cells in the final product. CCR4-CAR T cells were characterized by high transduction efficiency, robust T-cell expansion, and rapid fratricidal depletion of CCR4-positive T cells during CAR transduction and expansion. Furthermore, mogamulizumab-based CCR4-CAR T cells induced superior antitumor efficacy and long-term remission in mice engrafted with human T-cell lymphoma cells. In summary, CCR4-depleted anti-CCR4 CAR T cells are enriched in Th1 and CD8+ T cells and exhibit high antitumor efficacy against CCR4-expressing T-cell malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Watanabe
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Cancer Immunology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Angela M. Gomez
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Shunichiro Kuramitsu
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mikko Siurala
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Tong Da
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sangya Agarwal
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Decheng Song
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John Scholler
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Antonia Rotolo
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Avery D. Posey
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alain H. Rook
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paul L. Haun
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marco Ruella
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Regina M. Young
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carl H. June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Allen JC, Toapanta FR, Baliban SM, Sztein MB, Tennant SM. Reduced immunogenicity of a live Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine in aged mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190339. [PMID: 37207226 PMCID: PMC10188964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is responsible for a high burden of foodborne infections and deaths worldwide. In the United States, NTS infections are the leading cause of hospitalizations and deaths due to foodborne illnesses, and older adults (≥65 years) are disproportionately affected by Salmonella infections. Due to this public health concern, we have developed a live attenuated vaccine, CVD 1926 (I77 ΔguaBA ΔclpP ΔpipA ΔhtrA), against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, a common serovar of NTS. Little is known about the effect of age on oral vaccine responses, and due to the decline in immune function with age, it is critical to evaluate vaccine candidates in older age groups during early product development. Methods In this study, adult (six-to-eight-week-old) and aged (18-month-old) C57BL/6 mice received two doses of CVD 1926 (109 CFU/dose) or PBS perorally, and animals were evaluated for antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. A separate set of mice were immunized and then pre-treated with streptomycin and challenged orally with 108 CFU of wild-type S. Typhimurium SL1344 at 4 weeks postimmunization. Results Compared to PBS-immunized mice, adult mice immunized with CVD 1926 had significantly lower S. Typhimurium counts in the spleen, liver, and small intestine upon challenge. In contrast, there were no differences in bacterial loads in the tissues of vaccinated versus PBS aged mice. Aged mice exhibited reduced Salmonella-specific antibody titers in the serum and feces following immunization with CVD 1926 compared to adult mice. In terms of T cell responses (T-CMI), immunized adult mice showed an increase in the frequency of IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing splenic CD4 T cells, IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing Peyer's Patch (PP)-derived CD4 T cells, and IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing splenic CD8 T cells compared to adult mice administered PBS. In contrast, in aged mice, T-CMI responses were similar in vaccinated versus PBS mice. CVD 1926 elicited significantly more PP-derived multifunctional T cells in adult compared to aged mice. Conclusion These data suggest that our candidate live attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine, CVD 1926, may not be sufficiently protective or immunogenic in older humans and that mucosal responses to live-attenuated vaccines decrease with increasing age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Allen
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Franklin R. Toapanta
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Scott M. Baliban
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marcelo B. Sztein
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sharon M. Tennant
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu T, Womersley HJ, Wang JR, Scolnick J, Cheow LF. Time-resolved assessment of single-cell protein secretion by sequencing. Nat Methods 2023; 20:723-734. [PMID: 37037998 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Secreted proteins play critical roles in cellular communication. Methods enabling concurrent measurement of cellular protein secretion, phenotypes and transcriptomes are still unavailable. Here we describe time-resolved assessment of protein secretion from single cells by sequencing (TRAPS-seq). Released proteins are trapped onto the cell surface and probed by oligonucleotide-barcoded antibodies before being simultaneously sequenced with transcriptomes in single cells. We demonstrate that TRAPS-seq helps unravel the phenotypic and transcriptional determinants of the secretion of pleiotropic TH1 cytokines (IFNγ, IL-2 and TNF) in activated T cells. In addition, we show that TRAPS-seq can be used to track the secretion of multiple cytokines over time, uncovering unique molecular signatures that govern the dynamics of single-cell cytokine secretions. Our results revealed that early central memory T cells with CD45RA expression (TCMRA) are important in both the production and maintenance of polyfunctional cytokines. TRAPS-seq presents a unique tool for seamless integration of secretomics measurements with multi-omics profiling in single cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongjin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Howard John Womersley
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jonathan Scolnick
- Singleron Biotechnologies Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lih Feng Cheow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Serum sPD1 and sPDL1 as Biomarkers for Evaluating the Immune State of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:9101912. [PMID: 36479137 PMCID: PMC9720235 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9101912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of cancer patients benefit from immune checkpoint therapy, while few studies focused on the relationship between soluble PD1 (sPD1) and soluble PDL1 (sPDL1) in serum and immune status of patients. ILC2 and M2 were confirmed to be related to immunosuppression in tumor patients. To determine whether sPD1 and sPDL1 are correlated with the ratio of ILC2 and M2 is helpful to explore the possibility of using sPD1 and sPDL1 as tumor molecular markers. Our results showed an immune balance toward ILC2 and M2-like monocytes in patients with LUAD compared with healthy controls. Meanwhile, decreased CD4+T and CD8+T cells, as well as elevated PD1+CD8+T cells, were found in patients with LUAD. The relative mRNA expression levels of ILC2- and M2-characteristic cytokines were also upregulated accompanied by decreased mRNA expression levels of ILC1- and M1-characteristic cytokines in patients with LUAD compared to healthy controls. Moreover, elevated ILC2 frequencies as well as the amount of IL-13 were positively correlated with the amount of sPD1, however, there was no correlation between them and sPDL1. These results suggested that sPD1 and sPDL1 can serve as diagnostic markers to predict the immune state of cancer patients.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ham J, Lim M, Kim D, Kim HY. Memory-like innate lymphoid cells in the pathogenesis of asthma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005517. [PMID: 36466877 PMCID: PMC9712946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are recently discovered innate immune cells that reside and self-renew in mucosal tissues and serve as the first line of defense against various external insults. They include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. The development and functions of ILC1-3 reflect those of their adaptive immunity TH1, TH2, and TH17 T-cell counterparts. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease caused by repeated exposure to specific allergens or host/environmental factors (e.g., obesity) that stimulate pathogenic pulmonary immune cells, including ILCs. Memory used to be a hallmark of adaptive immune cells until recent studies of monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells showed that innate immune cells can also exhibit greater responses to re-stimulation and that these more responsive cells can be long-lived. Besides, a series of studies suggest that the tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells have memory-like phenotypes, such as increased cytokine productions or epigenetic modifications following repetitive exposure to allergens. Notably, both clinical and mouse studies of asthma show that various allergens can generate memory-like features in ILC2s. Here, we discuss the biology of ILCs, their roles in asthma pathogenesis, and the evidence supporting ILC memory. We also show evidence suggesting memory ILCs could help drive the phenotypic heterogeneity in asthma. Thus, further research on memory ILCs may be fruitful in terms of developing new therapies for asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Ham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - MinYeong Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dongmo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The Memory T Cell “Communication Web” in Context with Gastrointestinal Disorders—How Memory T Cells Affect Their Surroundings and How They Are Influenced by It. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182780. [PMID: 36139354 PMCID: PMC9497182 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-related diseases like ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or colorectal cancer affect millions of people worldwide. It is an ongoing process finding causes leading to the development and manifestation of those disorders. This is highly relevant since understanding molecular processes and signalling pathways offers new opportunities in finding novel ways to interfere with and apply new pharmaceuticals. Memory T cells (mT cells) and their pro-inflammatory properties have been proven to play an important role in gastrointestinal diseases and are therefore increasingly spotlighted. This review focuses on mT cells and their subsets in the context of disease pathogenesis and maintenance. It illustrates the network of regulatory proteins and metabolites connecting mT cells with other cell types and tissue compartments. Furthermore, the crosstalk with various microbes will be a subject of discussion. Characterizing mT cell interactions will help to further elucidate the sophisticated molecular and cellular networking system in the intestine and may present new ideas for future research approaches to control gut-related diseases.
Collapse
|
15
|
Tajbakhsh A, Gheibihayat SM, Taheri RA, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Bajestani AN, Taheri A. Potential diagnostic and prognostic of efferocytosis-related unwanted soluble receptors/ligands as new non-invasive biomarkers in disorders: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5133-5152. [PMID: 35419645 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Efferocytosis is the process by which apoptotic cells are removed without inflammation to maintain tissue homeostasis, prevent unwanted inflammatory responses, and inhibit autoimmune responses. Coordination of efferocytosis occurs via many surfaces and chemotactic molecules and adaptors. Recently, soluble positive or negative mediators of efferocytosis, have been more noticeable as non-invasive valuable biomarkers in prognosis and targeted therapy. These soluble factors can be detected in different bodily fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine as a non-invasive method. There are lots of studies that have tried to show the importance of receptors and ligands in disorders; while a few studies tried to indicate the importance of soluble forms of receptors/ligands and their clinical aspects as a systemic compound and shedding of targets related to efferocytosis. Some of these soluble forms also can be as sensitive as specific biomarkers for certain diseases compared with routine biomarkers, such as soluble circulatory Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 vs. troponin T in the acute coronary syndrome. Thus, this review tried to gain more understanding about efferocytosis-related unwanted soluble receptors/ligands, their roles, the clinical significance, and potential for diagnosis, and prognosis related to different diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fasihi-Ramandi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Nesaei Bajestani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ayatollah Madani Hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Taheri
- School of Medicine, New Hearing Technologies Research Center, Baghiyyatollah Al-Azam Hospital, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of ENT, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Marçal PHF, de Souza MLM, Gama RS, de Oliveira LBP, de Souza Gomes M, do Amaral LR, Pinheiro RO, Sarno EN, Moraes MO, Fairley JK, Martins-Filho OA, de Oliveira Fraga LA. Algorithm design for a cytokine release assay of antigen-specific in vitro stimuli of circulating leukocytes to classify leprosy patients and household contacts. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac036. [PMID: 35169594 PMCID: PMC8842339 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunological biomarkers have often been used as a complementary approach to support clinical diagnosis in several infectious diseases. The lack of commercially available laboratory tests for conclusive early diagnosis of leprosy has motivated the search for novel methods for accurate diagnosis. In the present study, we describe an integrated analysis of a cytokine release assay using a machine learning approach to create a decision tree algorithm. This algorithm was used to classify leprosy clinical forms and monitor household contacts. Methods A model of Mycobacterium leprae antigen-specific in vitro assay with subsequent cytokine measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-γ, interleukin 4, and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with leprosy, healthy controls, and household contacts. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was carried out to define each cytokine’s global accuracy and performance indices to identify clinical subgroups. Results Data demonstrated that TNF (control culture [CC]: AUC = 0.72; antigen-stimulated culture [Ml]: AUC = 0.80) and IL-10 (CC: AUC = 0.77; Ml: AUC = 0.71) were the most accurate biomarkers to classify subgroups of household contacts and patients with leprosy, respectively. Decision tree classifier algorithms for TNF analysis categorized subgroups of household contacts according to the operational classification with moderate accuracy (CC: 79% [48/61]; Ml: 84% [51/61]). Additionally, IL-10 analysis categorized leprosy patients’ subgroups with moderate accuracy (CC: 73% [22/30] and Ml: 70% [21/30]). Conclusions Together, our findings demonstrated that a cytokine release assay is a promising method to complement clinical diagnosis, ultimately contributing to effective control of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Luís Moreira de Souza
- Programa Multicêntrio de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular-Núcleo de Pesquisa em Hansenologia – Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências da Vida, Campus Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Silva Gama
- Universidade Vale do Rio Doce – Univale, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, INGEB/FACOM, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
| | - Laurence Rodrigues do Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, INGEB/FACOM, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberta Olmo Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Euzenir Nunes Sarno
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessica K Fairley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | | | - Lucia Alves de Oliveira Fraga
- Programa Multicêntrio de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular-Núcleo de Pesquisa em Hansenologia – Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências da Vida, Campus Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ritter K, Behrends J, Erdmann H, Rousseau J, Hölscher A, Volz J, Prinz I, Lindenstrøm T, Hölscher C. Interleukin-23 instructs protective multifunctional CD4 T cell responses after immunization with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis subunit vaccine H1 DDA/TDB independently of interleukin-17A. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1585-1602. [PMID: 34351501 PMCID: PMC8541990 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17A-producing T helper (Th)17 cells are increasingly being acknowledged to be associated with protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Subunit vaccines potently promote protective immune responses against Mtb infection that correlate with an expansion of IL-23-dependent Th17 cells. Previous studies revealed that after vaccination, IL-23 is required for protection against challenge with Mtb but the underlying IL-23-dependent-and possibly IL-17A-mediated-mechanisms remain elusive. Therefore, we here analyzed the early outcome of Mtb infection in C57BL/6, IL-23p19-deficient (-/-), and IL-17A-/- mice after vaccination with the subunit vaccine H1-DDA/TDB to investigate the role of the IL-23-Th17 immune axis for the instruction of vaccine-induced protection. While in IL-23p19-/- mice the protective effect was reduced, protection after vaccination was maintained in IL-17A-/- animals for the course of infection of 6 weeks, indicating that after vaccination with H1-DDA/TDB early protection against Mtb is-although dependent on IL-23-not mediated by IL-17A. In contrast, IL-17A deficiency appears to have an impact on maintaining long-term protection. In fact, IL-23 instructed the vaccine-induced memory immunity in the lung, in particular the sustained expansion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)+IL-2+ multifunctional T cells, independently of IL-17A. Altogether, a targeted induction of IL-23 during vaccination against Mtb might improve the magnitude and quality of vaccine-induced memory immune responses. KEY MESSAGES: After subunit Mtb vaccination with H1-DDA/TDB, IL-23 but not IL-17A contributes to vaccine-induced early protection against infection with Mtb. IL-17F does not compensate for IL-17A deficiency in terms of H1-DDA/TDB-induced protection against Mtb infection. IL 23 promotes the H1-DDA/TDB-induced accumulation of effector memory T cells independently of IL 17A. IL-23 arbitrates the induction of H1-specific IFN-γ-TNF+IL-2+ double-positive multifunctional CD4 T cells after subunit Mtb vaccination in an IL-17A-independent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ritter
- Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Jochen Behrends
- Fluorescence Cytometry Core Unit, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Hanna Erdmann
- Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Jasmin Rousseau
- Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Volz
- Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, Eppendorf University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lindenstrøm
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mateus J, Nocua P, Lasso P, López MC, Thomas MC, Egui A, Cuervo C, González JM, Puerta CJ, Cuéllar A. CD8 + T Cell Response Quality Is Related to Parasite Control in an Animal Model of Single and Mixed Chronic Trypanosoma cruzi Infections. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:723121. [PMID: 34712620 PMCID: PMC8546172 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.723121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (ChD) is a chronic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. This highly diverse intracellular parasite is classified into seven genotypes or discrete typing units (DTUs) and they overlap in geographic ranges, vectors, and clinical characteristics. Although studies have suggested that ChD progression is due to a decline in the immune response quality, a direct relationship between T cell responses and disease outcome is still unclear. To investigate the relationship between parasite control and immune T cell responses, we used two distinct infection approaches in an animal model to explore the histological and parasitological outcomes and dissect the T cell responses in T. cruzi-infected mice. First, we performed single infection experiments with DA (TcI) or Y (TcII) T. cruzi strains to compare the infection outcomes and evaluate its relationship with the T cell response. Second, because infections with diverse T. cruzi genotypes can occur in naturally infected individuals, mice were infected with the Y or DA strain and subsequently reinfected with the Y strain. We found different infection outcomes in the two infection approaches used. The single chronic infection showed differences in the inflammatory infiltrate level, while mixed chronic infection by different T. cruzi DTUs showed dissimilarities in the parasite loads. Chronically infected mice with a low inflammatory infiltrate (DA-infected mice) or low parasitemia and parasitism (Y/Y-infected mice) showed increases in early-differentiated CD8+ T cells, a multifunctional T cell response and lower expression of inhibitory receptors on CD8+ T cells. In contrast, infected mice with a high inflammatory infiltrate (Y-infected mice) or high parasitemia and parasitism (DA/Y-infected mice) showed a CD8+ T cell response distinguished by an increase in late-differentiated cells, a monofunctional response, and enhanced expression of inhibitory receptors. Overall, our results demonstrated that the infection outcomes caused by single or mixed T. cruzi infection with different genotypes induce a differential immune CD8+ T cell response quality. These findings suggest that the CD8+ T cell response might dictate differences in the infection outcomes at the chronic T. cruzi stage. This study shows that the T cell response quality is related to parasite control during chronic T. cruzi infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Mateus
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Nocua
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Lasso
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Carlos López
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - M Carmen Thomas
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Adriana Egui
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Claudia Cuervo
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - John Mario González
- Grupo de Ciencias Básicas Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Concepción J Puerta
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Cuéllar
- Grupo de Ciencias de Laboratorio Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bertho N, Meurens F. The pig as a medical model for acquired respiratory diseases and dysfunctions: An immunological perspective. Mol Immunol 2021; 135:254-267. [PMID: 33933817 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
By definition no model is perfect, and this also holds for biology and health sciences. In medicine, murine models are, and will be indispensable for long, thanks to their reasonable cost and huge choice of transgenic strains and molecular tools. On the other side, non-human primates remain the best animal models although their use is limited because of financial and obvious ethical reasons. In the field of respiratory diseases, specific clinical models such as sheep and cotton rat for bronchiolitis, or ferret and Syrian hamster for influenza and Covid-19, have been successfully developed, however, in these species, the toolbox for biological analysis remains scarce. In this view the porcine medical model is appearing as the third, intermediate, choice, between murine and primate. Herein we would like to present the pros and cons of pig as a model for acquired respiratory conditions, through an immunological point of view. Indeed, important progresses have been made in pig immunology during the last decade that allowed the precise description of immune molecules and cell phenotypes and functions. These progresses might allow the use of pig as clinical model of human respiratory diseases but also as a species of interest to perform basic research explorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - François Meurens
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N5E3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bombyx batryticatus Protein-Rich Extract Induces Maturation of Dendritic Cells and Th1 Polarization: A Potential Immunological Adjuvant for Cancer Vaccine. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020476. [PMID: 33477499 PMCID: PMC7831066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx batryticatus, a protein-rich edible insect, is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Several pharmacological studies have reported the anticancer activity of B. batryticatus extracts; however, the capacity of B. batryticatus extracts as immune potentiators for increasing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is still unverified. In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of B. batryticatus protein-rich extract (BBPE) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and DC vaccine-immunized mice. BBPE-treated BMDCs displayed characteristics of mature immune status, including high expression of surface molecules (CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, and MHC-II), increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-12p70), enhanced antigen-presenting ability, and reduced endocytosis. BBPE-treated BMDCs promoted naive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation and activation. Furthermore, BBPE/ovalbumin (OVA)-pulsed DC-immunized mice showed a stronger OVA-specific multifunctional T-cell response in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a stronger Th1 antibody response than mice receiving differently treated DCs, which showed the enhanced protective effect against tumor growth in E.G7 tumor-bearing mice. Our data demonstrate that BBPE can be a novel immune potentiator for a DC-based vaccine in anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Li W, Li M, Wang H, Peng Y, Dong S, Lu Y, Wang F, Xu F, Liu L, Zhao Q. Infiltrating Immune Cells in Gastric Cancer: A Novel Predicting Model for Prognosis. J Cancer 2021; 12:965-975. [PMID: 33442396 PMCID: PMC7797666 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Immune cells infiltrating has been proved to be associated with prognosis in gastric cancer (GC) by studies. This study aims to explore the prognosis value of infiltrating immune cells in gastric cancer. Methods: In our study, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the fraction of 22 tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) in 100 normal and 300 tumor samples from the GEO cohort and 30 normal and 344 tumor samples from the TCGA cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to construct an immune risk score model. Multivariate cox regression was also used to validate whether our risk score model could predict prognosis in GC independently. Furthermore, the model was validated in different patient subgroups to test its independence. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results showed that the fraction of 3 immune cells increased in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues in both the GEO and TCGA cohort. Univariate cox regression analysis showed four cells significantly correlated with survival rate in GC (P<0.05). The immune risk score model was constructed based on the four cells through multivariate cox regression and further validated. The KM survival curve suggested that patients with high risk had poor prognosis than patients with low risk (P<0.05). ROC curve indicated the model was reliable (AUC= 0.67 in the GEO cohort, AUC = 0.65 in the TCGA cohort). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression showed the model was an independent factor for overall survival predicting in GC (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.63~3.40 in the GEO cohort, HR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.94~4.25 in the TCGA cohort). Finally, we validated the model in patient subgroups by the KM survival curve. Conclusion: In summary, tumor-infiltrating immune cells play an essential role in GC progression and affect the outcome of GC patients. The immune risk score can predict overall survival for GC independently, and high immune risk score is associated with poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Shouquan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Knolle J, Pierau M, Hebel K, Lampe K, Jorch G, Kropf S, Arens C, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. Children From the Age of Three Show a Developmental Switch in T-Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1640. [PMID: 32849561 PMCID: PMC7402172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Every sixth child suffers from hypertrophy of the adenoid, a secondary lymphoid organ, at least once in childhood. Little is known about the impact of pathogen-provocation vs. developmental impact on T-cell responses after 1 year of age. Therefore, developmental and infection-driven influences on the formation of T-cell-compartments and -multifunctionality in adenoids were analyzed taking into account patient's history of age and inflammatory processes. Here, we show that in adenoids of 102 infants and children similar frequencies of naïve, effector, and memory T-cells were accumulated, whereby history of suffering from subsequent infection symptoms resulted in lower frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells co-expressing several cytokines. While patients suffering from sole nasal obstruction had balanced Th1- and Th17-compartments, Th1 dominated in patients with concomitant upper airway infections. In addition, analysis of cytokine co-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells showed that children at the age of three or older differed significantly from those being 1- or 2-years old, implicating a developmental switch in T-cell differentiation at that age. Yet, dissecting age and infectious history of the patients revealed that while CD8+ T-cell differentiation seems to be triggered by development, CD4+ T-cell functionality is partly impaired by infections. However, this functionality recovers by the age of 3 years. Thus, 3 years of age seems to be a critical period in an infant's life to develop robust T-cell compartments of higher quality. These findings identify important areas for future research and distinguish an age period in early childhood when to consider adjusting the choice of treatment of infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julienne Knolle
- Department of Pediatrics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Pierau
- Department of Pediatrics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Hebel
- Department of Pediatrics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karen Lampe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Jorch
- Department of Pediatrics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Kropf
- Department of Biometry and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Arens
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Monika C Brunner-Weinzierl
- Department of Pediatrics, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ho JSY, Angel M, Ma Y, Sloan E, Wang G, Martinez-Romero C, Alenquer M, Roudko V, Chung L, Zheng S, Chang M, Fstkchyan Y, Clohisey S, Dinan AM, Gibbs J, Gifford R, Shen R, Gu Q, Irigoyen N, Campisi L, Huang C, Zhao N, Jones JD, van Knippenberg I, Zhu Z, Moshkina N, Meyer L, Noel J, Peralta Z, Rezelj V, Kaake R, Rosenberg B, Wang B, Wei J, Paessler S, Wise HM, Johnson J, Vannini A, Amorim MJ, Baillie JK, Miraldi ER, Benner C, Brierley I, Digard P, Łuksza M, Firth AE, Krogan N, Greenbaum BD, MacLeod MK, van Bakel H, Garcìa-Sastre A, Yewdell JW, Hutchinson E, Marazzi I. Hybrid Gene Origination Creates Human-Virus Chimeric Proteins during Infection. Cell 2020; 181:1502-1517.e23. [PMID: 32559462 PMCID: PMC7323901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses are a major human health threat. The life cycles of many highly pathogenic RNA viruses like influenza A virus (IAV) and Lassa virus depends on host mRNA, because viral polymerases cleave 5'-m7G-capped host transcripts to prime viral mRNA synthesis ("cap-snatching"). We hypothesized that start codons within cap-snatched host transcripts could generate chimeric human-viral mRNAs with coding potential. We report the existence of this mechanism of gene origination, which we named "start-snatching." Depending on the reading frame, start-snatching allows the translation of host and viral "untranslated regions" (UTRs) to create N-terminally extended viral proteins or entirely novel polypeptides by genetic overprinting. We show that both types of chimeric proteins are made in IAV-infected cells, generate T cell responses, and contribute to virulence. Our results indicate that during infection with IAV, and likely a multitude of other human, animal and plant viruses, a host-dependent mechanism allows the genesis of hybrid genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sook Yuin Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew Angel
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sloan
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Guojun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carles Martinez-Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Marta Alenquer
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Vladimir Roudko
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Liliane Chung
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Simin Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Max Chang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yesai Fstkchyan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sara Clohisey
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Adam M Dinan
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - James Gibbs
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert Gifford
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Rong Shen
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Quan Gu
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Nerea Irigoyen
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Laura Campisi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joshua D Jones
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | | | - Zeyu Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Natasha Moshkina
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Léa Meyer
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Justine Noel
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zuleyma Peralta
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Veronica Rezelj
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Robyn Kaake
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brad Rosenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Jiajie Wei
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Slobodan Paessler
- Department of Pathology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Helen M Wise
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Jeffrey Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alessandro Vannini
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; Fondazione Human Technopole, Structural Biology Research Centre, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | | | - J Kenneth Baillie
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Divisions of Immunobiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45257, USA
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ian Brierley
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Paul Digard
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Marta Łuksza
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew E Firth
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Nevan Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin D Greenbaum
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Megan K MacLeod
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adolfo Garcìa-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jonathan W Yewdell
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Edward Hutchinson
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gryzik S, Hoang Y, Lischke T, Mohr E, Venzke M, Kadner I, Poetzsch J, Groth D, Radbruch A, Hutloff A, Baumgrass R. Identification of a super-functional Tfh-like subpopulation in murine lupus by pattern perception. eLife 2020; 9:53226. [PMID: 32441253 PMCID: PMC7274784 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated cytokine expression by T cells plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the identification of the corresponding pathogenic subpopulations is a challenge, since a distinction between physiological variation and a new quality in the expression of protein markers requires combinatorial evaluation. Here, we were able to identify a super-functional follicular helper T cell (Tfh)-like subpopulation in lupus-prone NZBxW mice with our binning approach "pattern recognition of immune cells (PRI)". PRI uncovered a subpopulation of IL-21+ IFN-γhigh PD-1low CD40Lhigh CXCR5- Bcl-6- T cells specifically expanded in diseased mice. In addition, these cells express high levels of TNF-α and IL-2, and provide B cell help for IgG production in an IL-21 and CD40L dependent manner. This super-functional T cell subset might be a superior driver of autoimmune processes due to a polyfunctional and high cytokine expression combined with Tfh-like properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gryzik
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yen Hoang
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Timo Lischke
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elodie Mohr
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Venzke
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kadner
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Josephine Poetzsch
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ria Baumgrass
- German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
McKinstry KK, Alam F, Flores-Malavet V, Nagy MZ, Sell S, Cooper AM, Swain SL, Strutt TM. Memory CD4 T cell-derived IL-2 synergizes with viral infection to exacerbate lung inflammation. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007989. [PMID: 31412088 PMCID: PMC6693742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining the most penetrating correlates of protective memory T cells is key for designing improved vaccines and T cell therapies. Here, we evaluate how interleukin (IL-2) production by memory CD4 T cells, a widely held indicator of their protective potential, impacts immune responses against murine influenza A virus (IAV). Unexpectedly, we show that IL-2-deficient memory CD4 T cells are more effective on a per cell basis at combating IAV than wild-type memory cells that produce IL-2. Improved outcomes orchestrated by IL-2-deficient cells include reduced weight loss and improved respiratory function that correlate with reduced levels of a broad array of inflammatory factors in the infected lung. Blocking CD70-CD27 signals to reduce CD4 T cell IL-2 production tempers the inflammation induced by wild-type memory CD4 T cells and improves the outcome of IAV infection in vaccinated mice. Finally, we show that IL-2 administration drives rapid and extremely potent lung inflammation involving NK cells, which can synergize with sublethal IAV infection to promote acute death. These results suggest that IL-2 production is not necessarily an indicator of protective CD4 T cells, and that the lung environment is particularly sensitive to IL-2-induced inflammation during viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kai McKinstry
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Fahmida Alam
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Valeria Flores-Malavet
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mate Z. Nagy
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Stewart Sell
- Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea M. Cooper
- Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, New York, United States of America
| | - Susan L. Swain
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tara M. Strutt
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|