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Huang Y, Chen Z, Shen G, Fang S, Zheng J, Chi Z, Zhang Y, Zou Y, Gan Q, Liao C, Yao Y, Kong J, Fan X. Immune regulation and the tumor microenvironment in anti-PD-1/PDL-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies for cancer immune evasion: A bibliometric analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2318815. [PMID: 38419524 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2318815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis, employing visualization tools to examine literature pertaining to tumor immune evasion related to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy from 1999 to 2022. A special emphasis is placed on the interplay between tumor microenvironment, signaling pathways, immune cells and immune evasion, with data sourced from the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC). Advanced tools, including VOSviewer, Citespace, and Scimago Graphica, were utilized to analyze various parameters, such as co-authorship/co-citation patterns, regional contributions, journal preferences, keyword co-occurrences, and significant citation bursts. Out of 4778 publications reviewed, there was a marked increase in research focusing on immune evasion, with bladder cancer being notably prominent. Geographically, China, the USA, and Japan were the leading contributors. Prestigious institutions like MD Anderson Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Fudan University, and Sun Yat Sen University emerged as major players. Renowned journals in this domain included Frontiers in Immunology, Cancers, and Frontiers in Oncology. Ehen LP and Wang W were identified as prolific authors on this topic, while Topalian SL stood out as one of the most cited. Research current situation is notably pivoting toward challenges like immunotherapy resistance and the intricate signaling pathways driving drug resistance. This bibliometric study seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of past and current research trends, emphasizing the potential role of tumor microenvironment, signaling pathways and immune cells in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Urology, DUSHU Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuogui Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Junjiong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zepai Chi
- Department of urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Yitong Zou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Gan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chengxiao Liao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Yao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianqiu Kong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinxiang Fan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Hu Y, Zhang Y, Shi F, Yang R, Yan J, Han T, Guan L. Reversal of T-cell exhaustion: Mechanisms and synergistic approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112571. [PMID: 38941674 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
T cells suffer from long-term antigen stimulation and insufficient energy supply, leading to a decline in their effector functions, memory capabilities, and proliferative capacity, ultimately resulting in T cell exhaustion and an inability to perform normal immune functions in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, exploring how to restore these exhausted T cells to a state with effector functions is of great significance. Exhausted T cells exhibit a spectrum of molecular alterations, such as heightened expression of inhibitory receptors, shifts in transcription factor profiles, and modifications across epigenetic, metabolic, and transcriptional landscapes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various strategies to reverse T cell exhaustion, including immune checkpoint blockade, and explores the potential synergistic effects of combining multiple approaches to reverse T cell exhaustion. It offers new insights and methods for achieving more durable and effective reversal of T cell exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Fenfen Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruihan Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiayu Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tao Han
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Liping Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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Guo AJ, Deng QY, Dong P, Zhou L, Shi L. Biomarkers associated with immune-related adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:1002-1020. [PMID: 39193157 PMCID: PMC11346067 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i8.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) constitute a pivotal class of immunotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. However, their widespread clinical application has led to a notable surge in immune-related adverse events (irAEs), significantly affecting the efficacy and survival rates of patients undergoing ICI therapy. While conventional hematological and imaging tests are adept at detecting organ-specific toxicities, distinguishing adverse reactions from those induced by viruses, bacteria, or immune diseases remains a formidable challenge. Consequently, there exists an urgent imperative for reliable biomarkers capable of accurately predicting or diagnosing irAEs. Thus, a thorough review of existing studies on irAEs biomarkers is indispensable. Our review commences by providing a succinct overview of major irAEs, followed by a comprehensive summary of irAEs biomarkers across various dimensions. Furthermore, we delve into innovative methodologies such as machine learning, single-cell RNA sequencing, multiomics analysis, and gut microbiota profiling to identify novel, robust biomarkers that can facilitate precise irAEs diagnosis or prediction. Lastly, this review furnishes a concise exposition of irAEs mechanisms to augment understanding of irAEs prediction, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Jie Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Pan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Head and Neck Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Desai VM, Kumbhar P, Kadam AY, Swarup J, Priya S, Jain A, Singhvi G. Exploring the therapeutic modalities of targeted treatment approach for skin carcinoma: cutting-edge strategies and key insights. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39136542 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2392799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skin carcinoma, including malignant melanoma, basal, squamous, and Merkel cell carcinoma, present significant healthcare challenges. Conventional treatments like surgery and chemotherapy suffer from limitations like non-specificity, toxicity, and adverse effects. The upcoming treatments are dominated by nano-sized delivery systems, which improve treatment outcomes while minimizing side effects. Moving ahead, targeted nanoparticles allow localized delivery of drugs at tumor site, ensuring minimal damage to surrounding tissues. AREAS COVERED This review explores various targeting strategies for specific types of skin cancers. The strategies discussed include nanocarrier-mediated targeted delivery with multiple types of ligands like aptamers, antibodies, peptides, and vitamins and their advantages in skin cancer. Upcoming cutting-edge technologies such as smart delivery systems, microneedle-assisted delivery and three-dimensional printed scaffolds have also been discussed in detail. The findings in this review are summarized from databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, NIH, and articles published between 2005 and 2024 that discuss targeted therapy for skin cancer. EXPERT OPINION Specific cancer-targeting strategies promise personalized treatments, improving response rates and reducing need for intensive therapies. The review highlights various challenges, their solution, and economic aspects in this dynamic field. It further emphasizes the potential for specialized strategies to revolutionize skin cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhavi Meghraj Desai
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Pragati Kumbhar
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Akanksha Yogesh Kadam
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Jayanti Swarup
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Sakshi Priya
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Pilani, India
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Joshi DC, Sharma A, Prasad S, Singh K, Kumar M, Sherawat K, Tuli HS, Gupta M. Novel therapeutic agents in clinical trials: emerging approaches in cancer therapy. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:342. [PMID: 39127974 PMCID: PMC11317456 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel therapeutic agents in clinical trials offer a paradigm shift in the approach to battling this prevalent and destructive disease, and the area of cancer therapy is on the precipice of a trans formative revolution. Despite the importance of tried-and-true cancer treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the disease continues to evolve and adapt, making new, more potent methods necessary. The field of cancer therapy is currently witnessing the emergence of a wide range of innovative approaches. Immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell treatment, and cancer vaccines, utilizes the host's immune system to selectively target and eradicate malignant cells while minimizing harm to normal tissue. The development of targeted medicines like kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies has allowed for more targeted and less harmful approaches to treating cancer. With the help of genomics and molecular profiling, "precision medicine" customizes therapies to each patient's unique genetic makeup to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing unwanted side effects. Epigenetic therapies, metabolic interventions, radio-pharmaceuticals, and an increasing emphasis on combination therapy with synergistic effects further broaden the therapeutic landscape. Multiple-stage clinical trials are essential for determining the safety and efficacy of these novel drugs, allowing patients to gain access to novel treatments while also furthering scientific understanding. The future of cancer therapy is rife with promise, as the integration of artificial intelligence and big data has the potential to revolutionize early detection and prevention. Collaboration among researchers, and healthcare providers, and the active involvement of patients remain the bedrock of the ongoing battle against cancer. In conclusion, the dynamic and evolving landscape of cancer therapy provides hope for improved treatment outcomes, emphasizing a patient-centered, data-driven, and ethically grounded approach as we collectively strive towards a cancer-free world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist., Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Anurag Sharma
- Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, Bareilly, India
| | - Sonima Prasad
- Chandigarh University, Ludhiana-Chandigarh State Highway, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Karishma Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Mayank Kumar
- Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy, Road, Near Suketi Fossil Park, Kala Amb, Hamidpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kajal Sherawat
- Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India.
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Fujimoto T, Yamasaki O, Kanehira N, Matsushita H, Sakurai Y, Kenmotsu N, Mizuta R, Kondo N, Takata T, Kitamatsu M, Igawa K, Fujimura A, Otani Y, Shirakawa M, Shigeyasu K, Teraishi F, Togashi Y, Suzuki M, Fujiwara T, Michiue H. Overcoming immunotherapy resistance and inducing abscopal effects with boron neutron immunotherapy (B-NIT). Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 39119813 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective against many advanced malignancies. However, many patients are nonresponders to immunotherapy, and overcoming this resistance to treatment is important. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a local chemoradiation therapy with the combination of boron drugs that accumulate selectively in cancer and the neutron irradiation of the cancer site. Here, we report the first boron neutron immunotherapy (B-NIT), combining BNCT and ICI immunotherapy, which was performed on a radioresistant and immunotherapy-resistant advanced-stage B16F10 melanoma mouse model. The BNCT group showed localized tumor suppression, but the anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy group did not show tumor suppression. Only the B-NIT group showed strong tumor growth inhibition at both BNCT-treated and shielded distant sites. Intratumoral CD8+ T-cell infiltration and serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels were higher in the B-NIT group. Analysis of CD8+ T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) showed that CD62L- CD44+ effector memory T cells and CD69+ early-activated T cells were predominantly increased in the B-NIT group. Administration of CD8-depleting mAb to the B-NIT group completely suppressed the augmented therapeutic effects. This indicated that B-NIT has a potent immune-induced abscopal effect, directly destroying tumors with BNCT, inducing antigen-spreading effects, and protecting normal tissue. B-NIT, immunotherapy combined with BNCT, is the first treatment to overcome immunotherapy resistance in malignant melanoma. In the future, as its therapeutic efficacy is demonstrated not only in melanoma but also in other immunotherapy-resistant malignancies, B-NIT can become a new treatment candidate for advanced-stage cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Fujimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kanehira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Matsushita
- Division of Translational Oncoimmunology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sakurai
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Japan
| | - Naoya Kenmotsu
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryo Mizuta
- Division of Translational Oncoimmunology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kondo
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Japan
| | - Takushi Takata
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kitamatsu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Igawa
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujimura
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Otani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Makoto Shirakawa
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Shigeyasu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fuminori Teraishi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yosuke Togashi
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Sennan-gun, Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Michiue
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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McClelland S, Maxwell PJ, Branco C, Barry ST, Eberlein C, LaBonte MJ. Targeting IL-8 and Its Receptors in Prostate Cancer: Inflammation, Stress Response, and Treatment Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2797. [PMID: 39199570 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate roles of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, in prostate cancer (PCa), particularly in castration-resistant (CRPC) and metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). This review emphasizes the crucial role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and inflammatory cytokines in promoting tumour progression and response to tumour cell targeting agents. IL-8, acting through C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CXCR1) and type 2 (CXCR2), modulates multiple signalling pathways, enhancing the angiogenesis, proliferation, and migration of cancer cells. This review highlights the shift in PCa research focus from solely tumour cells to the non-cancer-cell components, including vascular endothelial cells, the extracellular matrix, immune cells, and the dynamic interactions within the TME. The immunosuppressive nature of the PCa TME significantly influences tumour progression and resistance to emerging therapies. Current treatment modalities, including androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapeutics, encounter persistent resistance and are complicated by prostate cancer's notably "immune-cold" nature, which limits immune system response to the tumour. These challenges underscore the critical need for novel approaches that both overcome resistance and enhance immune engagement within the TME. The therapeutic potential of inhibiting IL-8 signalling is explored, with studies showing enhanced sensitivity of PCa cells to treatments, including radiation and androgen receptor inhibitors. Clinical trials, such as the ACE trial, demonstrate the efficacy of combining CXCR2 inhibitors with existing treatments, offering significant benefits, especially for patients with resistant PCa. This review also addresses the challenges in targeting cytokines and chemokines, noting the complexity of the TME and the need for precision in therapeutic targeting to avoid side effects and optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna McClelland
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Pamela J Maxwell
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Cristina Branco
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Cath Eberlein
- Bioscience Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Melissa J LaBonte
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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Morihara H, Yamada T, Tona Y, Akasaka M, Okuyama H, Chatani N, Shinonome S, Ueyama A, Kuwabara K, Fujio Y. Anti-CTLA-4 treatment suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma growth through Th1-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305984. [PMID: 39106430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4)-mediated immune checkpoint system using an anti-CTLA-4 antibody (Ab) can suppress the growth of various cancers, but the detailed mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we established a monoclonal hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hepa1-6 #12) and analyzed the mechanisms associated with anti-CTLA-4 Ab treatment. Depletion of CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, prevented anti-CTLA-4 Ab-mediated anti-tumor effects, suggesting dependence on CD4+ T cells. Anti-CTLA-4 Ab treatment resulted in recruitment of interferon-gamma (IFN-g)-producing CD4+ T cells, called T-helper 1 (Th1), into tumors, and neutralization of IFN-g abrogated the anti-tumor effects. Moreover, tumor growth suppression did not require major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I or MHC-II expression on cancer cells. In vitro studies showed that IFN-g can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate that anti-CTLA-4 Ab can exert its anti-tumor effects through Th1-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Morihara
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yamada
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumi Tona
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Marina Akasaka
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Okuyama
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsumi Chatani
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Satomi Shinonome
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Azumi Ueyama
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuwabara
- Laboratory for Bio-Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Chen H, Wei J, Zhu Z, Hou Y. Multifaceted roles of PD-1 in tumorigenesis: From immune checkpoint to tumor cell-intrinsic function. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1436-1448. [PMID: 38751009 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), a key immune checkpoint receptor, has been extensively studied for its role in regulating immune responses in cancer. However, recent research has unveiled a complex and dual role for PD-1 in tumorigenesis. While PD-1 is traditionally associated with immune cells, this article explores its expression in various cancer cells and its impact on cancer progression. PD-1's functions extend beyond immune regulation, as it has been found to both promote and suppress tumor growth, depending on the cancer type. These findings have significant implications for the future of cancer treatment and our understanding of the immune response in the context of cancer. This article calls for further research into the multifaceted roles of PD-1 to optimize its therapeutic potential and improve patient outcomes in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiayu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Zhenjiang Stomatological Hospital, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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10
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Habib S, Osborn G, Willsmore Z, Chew MW, Jakubow S, Fitzpatrick A, Wu Y, Sinha K, Lloyd-Hughes H, Geh JLC, MacKenzie-Ross AD, Whittaker S, Sanz-Moreno V, Lacy KE, Karagiannis SN, Adams R. Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:895-911. [PMID: 38533720 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2326626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the success of immunotherapies for melanoma in recent years, there remains a significant proportion of patients who do not yet derive benefit from available treatments. Immunotherapies currently licensed for clinical use target the adaptive immune system, focussing on Tcell interactions and functions. However, the most prevalent immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of melanoma are macrophages, a diverse immune cell subset displaying high plasticity, to which no current therapies are yet directly targeted. Macrophages have been shown not only to activate the adaptive immune response, and enhance cancer cell killing, but, when influenced by factors within the TME of melanoma, these cells also promote melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. AREAS COVERED We present a review of the most up-to-date literatureavailable on PubMed, focussing on studies from within the last 10 years. We also include data from ongoing and recent clinical trials targeting macrophages in melanoma listed on clinicaltrials.gov. EXPERT OPINION Understanding the multifaceted role of macrophages in melanoma, including their interactions with immune and cancer cells, the influence of current therapies on macrophage phenotype and functions and how macrophages could be targeted with novel treatment approaches, are all critical for improving outcomes for patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana Habib
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Osborn
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zena Willsmore
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Min Waye Chew
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie Jakubow
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yin Wu
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Khushboo Sinha
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | - Hawys Lloyd-Hughes
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | - Jenny L C Geh
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | | | - Sean Whittaker
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - Katie E Lacy
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Adams
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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11
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Dai R, Uppot R, Arellano R, Kalva S. Image-guided Ablative Procedures. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:484-497. [PMID: 38087706 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Various image-guided ablative procedures include chemical and thermal ablation techniques and irreversible electroporation. These have been used for curative intent for small tumours and palliative intent for debulking, immunogenicity and pain control. Understanding these techniques is critical to avoiding complications and achieving superior clinical outcomes. Additionally, combination with immunotherapy and chemotherapies is rapidly evolving. There are numerous opportunities in interventional radiology to advance ablation techniques and seamlessly integrate into current treatment regimens for both benign and malignant tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dai
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Division of Intervention Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - R Uppot
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Division of Intervention Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Arellano
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Division of Intervention Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Kalva
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Division of Intervention Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Cheng W, Kang K, Zhao A, Wu Y. Dual blockade immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in lung cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:54. [PMID: 39068460 PMCID: PMC11283714 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have reshaped the treatment paradigm for both advanced non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Programmed death receptor-1/programmed death receptor ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are some of the most common and promising targets in ICIs. Compared to ICI monotherapy, which occasionally demonstrates treatment resistance and limited efficacy, the dual blockade immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 operates at different stages of T cell activation with synergistically enhancing immune responses against cancer cells. This emerging dual therapy heralds a new direction for cancer immunotherapy, which, however, may increase the risk of drug-related adverse reactions while improving efficacy. Previous clinical trials have explored combination therapy strategy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 agents in lung cancer, yet its efficacy remains to be unclear with the inevitable incidence of immune-related adverse events. The recent advent of bispecific antibodies has made this sort of dual targeting more feasible, aiming to alleviate toxicity without compromising efficacy. Thus, this review highlights the role of dual blockade immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in treating lung cancer, and further elucidates its pre-clinical mechanisms and current advancements in clinical trials. Besides, we also provide novel insights into the potential combinations of dual blockade therapies with other strategies to optimize the future treatment mode for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Cheng
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ailin Zhao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yijun Wu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Sarmadi F, Gao Z, Su J, Barbier C, Artusa P, Bijian K, Gleason JL, White JH. Bifunctionality and Antitumor Efficacy of ZG-126, a Vitamin D Receptor Agonist/Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Hybrid Molecule. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11182-11196. [PMID: 38906533 PMCID: PMC11249012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Analogues of hormonal vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), signal through the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). They have potential in combination therapies with other anticancer agents such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi's). Here, we characterize the ZG series of hybrid compounds that combine HDACi within the backbone of a VDR agonist. All display improved solubility, with ZG-126 being the most robustly bifunctional molecule in multiple cell lines. ZG-126 is well tolerated and strongly induces VDR target gene expression in vivo at therapeutic doses. Its antitumor efficacy is superior to 1,25D and the HDACi SAHA, separately or together, in mouse models of melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Notably, ZG-126 treatment reduces metastases almost 4-fold in an aggressive TNBC model. ZG-126 also reduces total macrophage infiltration and the proportion of immunosuppressive M2-polarized macrophages in TNBC tumors by 2-fold. ZG-126 thus represents a bifunctional and efficacious anticancer agent with improved physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sarmadi
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Zhizhong Gao
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Segal Cancer Center and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Camille Barbier
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Patricio Artusa
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Krikor Bijian
- Segal Cancer Center and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - James L Gleason
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke W., Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - John H White
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
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14
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Gu J, Yu Z, Tang X, Chen W, Deng X, Zhu X. Cryoablation combined with dual immune checkpoint blockade enhances antitumor efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma model mice. Int J Hyperthermia 2024; 41:2373319. [PMID: 38955354 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2024.2373319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryoablation (Cryo) is a minimally invasive treatment for tumors. Cryo can activate the body's immune response, although it is typically weak. The immune response induced by Cryo in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. PD-1 and CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies are immune checkpoint inhibitors used in immunotherapy for tumors. The combined use of these antibodies with Cryo may enhance the immune effect. METHODS A Balb/c mouse model of HCC was established and treated with Cryo, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), or Cryo + ICB (combination therapy). The growth trend of right untreated tumors and survival time of mice were determined. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected by Western blot (WB) assay. The percentages of immune cells and immunosuppressive cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The numbers of infiltrating T lymphocytes were checked by immunohistochemistry, and the levels of T-cell-associated cytokines were detected by Quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) assays and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) assays. RESULTS Cryo + ICB inhibited the growth of right untreated tumors, promoted tumor cell apoptosis, and prolonged the survival time of mice. Local T-cell infiltration in right tumor tissues increased after the combination therapy, while the number of immunosuppressive cells was significantly reduced. In addition, the combination therapy may induce the production of multiple Th1-type cytokines but reduce the production of Th2-type cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Cryo can activate CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell immune responses. Cryo + ICB can relieve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and shift the Th1/Th2 balance toward Th1 dominance, further enhancing the Cryo-induced T-cell immune response and resulting in a stronger antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gu
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zepeng Yu
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangxiang Tang
- School of Nursing, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenying Chen
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuedong Deng
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Xie J, Zhang P, Tang Q, Ma C, Li M, Qi M. Leveraging single-cell sequencing analysis and bulk-RNA sequencing analysis to forecast necroptosis in cutaneous melanoma prognosis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15148. [PMID: 39051739 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma, a malignancy of melanocytes, presents a significant challenge due to its aggressive nature and rising global incidence. Despite advancements in treatment, the variability in patient responses underscores the need for further research into novel therapeutic targets, including the role of programmed cell death pathways such as necroptosis. The melanoma datasets used for analysis, GSE215120, GSE19234, GSE22153 and GSE65904, were downloaded from the GEO database. The melanoma data from TCGA were downloaded from the UCSC website. Using single-cell sequencing, we assess the heterogeneity of necroptosis in cutaneous melanoma, identifying distinct cell clusters and necroptosis-related gene expression patterns. A combination of 101 machine learning algorithms was employed to construct a necroptosis-related signature (NRS) based on key genes associated with necroptosis. The prognostic value of NRS was evaluated in four cohorts (one TCGA and three GEO cohorts), and the tumour microenvironment (TME) was analysed to understand the relationship between necroptosis, tumour mutation burden (TMB) and immune infiltration. Finally, we focused on the role of key target TSPAN10 in the prognosis, pathogenesis, immunotherapy relevance and drug sensitivity of cutaneous melanoma. Our study revealed significant heterogeneity in necroptosis among melanoma cells, with a higher prevalence in epithelial cells, myeloid cells and fibroblasts. The NRS, developed through rigorous machine learning techniques, demonstrated robust prognostic capabilities, distinguishing high-risk patients with poorer outcomes in all cohorts. Analysis of the TME showed that high NRS scores correlated with lower TMB and reduced immune cell infiltration, indicating a potential mechanism through which necroptosis influences melanoma progression. Finally, TSPAN10 has been identified as a key target for cutaneous melanoma and is highly associated with poor prognosis. The findings highlight the complex role of necroptosis in cutaneous melanoma and introduce the NRS as a novel prognostic tool with potential to guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qikai Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenfeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muyang Li
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
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Jelača S, Jovanovic I, Bovan D, Pavlovic S, Gajovic N, Dunđerović D, Dajić-Stevanović Z, Acović A, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D. Antimelanoma Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris: A Comprehensive In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Diseases 2024; 12:125. [PMID: 38920557 PMCID: PMC11202689 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the rich ethnobotanical and growing evidence-based medicine records, the Alchemillae herba, i.e., the upper parts of the Lady's mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), was used for the assessment of antimelanoma activity. The ethanolic extract of A. vulgaris strongly suppressed the viability of B16F1, B16F10, 518A2, and Fem-X cell lines. In contrast to the in vitro study, where the B16F1 cells were more sensitive to the treatment than the more aggressive counterpart B16F10, the results obtained in vivo using the corresponding syngeneic murine model were quite the opposite. The higher sensitivity of B16F10 tumors in vivo may be attributed to a more complex response to the extract compared to one triggered in vitro. In addition, the strong immunosuppressive microenvironment in the B16F1 model is impaired by the treatment, as evidenced by enhanced antigen-presenting potential of dendritic cells, influx and activity of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes, decreased presence of T regulatory lymphocytes, and attenuation of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. All these effects are supported by the absence of systemic toxicity. A. vulgaris extract treatment results in a sustained and enhanced ability to reduce melanoma growth, followed by the restoration of innate and adopted antitumor immunity without affecting the overall physiology of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Jelača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Ivan Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Dijana Bovan
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Sladjana Pavlovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Nevena Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.J.); (S.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Duško Dunđerović
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Zora Dajić-Stevanović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandar Acović
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.J.); (D.B.)
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17
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Khan B, Qahwaji RM, Alfaifi MS, Mobashir M. Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Acting as Tormentors of Advanced Tumors by Unleashing Immune Cells and Associated Collateral Damage. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:732. [PMID: 38931856 PMCID: PMC11207028 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors, specifically nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4), holds substantial promise in revolutionizing cancer treatment. This review explores the transformative impact of these combinations, emphasizing their potential for enhancing therapeutic outcomes across various cancers. Immune checkpoint proteins, such as PD1 and CTLA4, play a pivotal role in modulating immune responses. Blocking these checkpoints unleashes anticancer activity, and the synergy observed when combining multiple checkpoint inhibitors underscores their potential for enhanced efficacy. Nivolumab and ipilimumab harness the host's immune system to target cancer cells, presenting a powerful approach to prevent tumor development. Despite their efficacy, immune checkpoint inhibitors are accompanied by a distinct set of adverse effects, particularly immune-related adverse effects affecting various organs. Understanding these challenges is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and ensuring patient well-being. Ongoing clinical trials are actively exploring the combination of checkpoint inhibitory therapies, aiming to decipher their synergistic effects and efficacy against diverse cancer types. This review discusses the mechanisms, adverse effects, and various clinical trials involving nivolumab and ipilimumab across different cancers, emphasizing their transformative impact on cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Rowaid M. Qahwaji
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22233, Saudi Arabia;
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael S. Alfaifi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
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18
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Wu LY, Park SH, Jakobsson H, Shackleton M, Möller A. Immune Regulation and Immune Therapy in Melanoma: Review with Emphasis on CD155 Signalling. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1950. [PMID: 38893071 PMCID: PMC11171058 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is commonly diagnosed in a younger population than most other solid malignancies and, in Australia and most of the world, is the leading cause of skin-cancer-related death. Melanoma is a cancer type with high immunogenicity; thus, immunotherapies are used as first-line treatment for advanced melanoma patients. Although immunotherapies are working well, not all the patients are benefitting from them. A lack of a comprehensive understanding of immune regulation in the melanoma tumour microenvironment is a major challenge of patient stratification. Overexpression of CD155 has been reported as a key factor in melanoma immune regulation for the development of therapy resistance. A more thorough understanding of the actions of current immunotherapy strategies, their effects on immune cell subsets, and the roles that CD155 plays are essential for a rational design of novel targets of anti-cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we comprehensively discuss current anti-melanoma immunotherapy strategies and the immune response contribution of different cell lineages, including tumour endothelial cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, cytotoxic T cells, cancer-associated fibroblast, and nature killer cells. Finally, we explore the impact of CD155 and its receptors DNAM-1, TIGIT, and CD96 on immune cells, especially in the context of the melanoma tumour microenvironment and anti-cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- JC STEM Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Su-Ho Park
- JC STEM Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haakan Jakobsson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paula Fox Melanoma and Cancer Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Mark Shackleton
- Department of Medical Oncology, Paula Fox Melanoma and Cancer Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- JC STEM Lab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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19
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Wang R, Chen Y, Xie Y, Ma X, Liu Y. Deciphering and overcoming Anti-PD-1 resistance in Melanoma: A comprehensive review of Mechanisms, biomarker Developments, and therapeutic strategies. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111989. [PMID: 38583243 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Worldwide, tens of thousands of people die from melanoma each year, making it the most frequently fatal form of cutaneous cancer. Immunotherapeutic advancements, particularly with anti-PD-1 medications, have significantly enhanced treatment outcomes over recent decades. With the broad application of anti-PD-1 therapies, insights into the mechanisms of resistance have evolved. Despite the development of combination treatments and early predictive biomarkers, a comprehensive synthesis of these advancements is absent in the current literature. This review underscores the prevailing knowledge of anti-PD-1 resistance mechanisms and underscores the critical role of robust predictive biomarkers in stratifying patients for targeted combinations of anti-PD-1 and other conventional or innovative therapeutic approaches. Additionally, we offer insights that may shape future melanoma treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai Clinical College of Dermatology, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Yongyi Xie
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Yeqiang Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai Clinical College of Dermatology, Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200443, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China.
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20
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Isaak AJ, Clements GR, Buenaventura RGM, Merlino G, Yu Y. Development of Personalized Strategies for Precisely Battling Malignant Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5023. [PMID: 38732242 PMCID: PMC11084485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most severe and fatal form of skin cancer, resulting from multiple gene mutations with high intra-tumor and inter-tumor molecular heterogeneity. Treatment options for patients whose disease has progressed beyond the ability for surgical resection rely on currently accepted standard therapies, notably immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies. Acquired resistance to these therapies and treatment-associated toxicity necessitate exploring novel strategies, especially those that can be personalized for specific patients and/or populations. Here, we review the current landscape and progress of standard therapies and explore what personalized oncology techniques may entail in the scope of melanoma. Our purpose is to provide an up-to-date summary of the tools at our disposal that work to circumvent the common barriers faced when battling melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Cui S, Sun X, Gao J. Efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab alone in patients with advanced melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:283-291. [PMID: 38532600 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2336106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annual melanoma incidence in the US is escalating. OBJECTIVE Comprehensive evaluation of nivolumab alone or with ipilimumab for advanced melanoma treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, extending until August 2023. A range of outcomes were evaluated, encompassing overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), adverse events (both any and serious), complete response rate, mortality rate, and recurrence rate in patients with advanced melanoma. RESULTS This analysis was conducted on seven relevant studies, involving 2,885 patients. The baseline characteristics of both groups were found to be comparable across all outcomes, with the exception of tumor size. The pooled analysis did not reveal any significant disparities, except for PFS, where the nivolumab-ipilimumab treatment group demonstrated a significantly longer PFS compared to the nivolumab group. However, there was a notable discrepancy in any adverse events (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.69; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.96, 3.69; p < 0.00001) and serious adverse events (OR: 3.59; 95% CI: 2.88, 4.49, p < 0.00001) between the two groups, suggesting that the safety profile of nivolumab combined with ipilimumab was inferior. CONCLUSIONS Given diversity and potential biases, oncologists should base immunotherapy decisions on professional expertise and patient characteristics. REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023453484.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junxi Gao
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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22
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Wang F, Chen P, Ouyang S, Xiong K, Liu Z, Wang Y. Identification of prognostic m6A modification patterns and score system in melanoma patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37950. [PMID: 38669381 PMCID: PMC11049698 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification on RNAs and LncRNAs. It plays an important role in cancer stem cell differentiation, T cell differentiation, and immune homeostasis. In this study, we explored the potential roles of m6A modification of RNA in melanoma and investigated the immune cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment in diverse m6Aclusters and different m6Ascore groups. A consensus clustering algorithm determined m6A modification patterns based on 14 m6A regulators, and further explored the biological functions and the connection with TME. An m6A-related gene signature (m6Ascore) was constructed based on m6A-related genes using principal component analysis. Three m6A modification patterns were identified based on 14 m6A regulators, named as m6Aclusters A-C. The prognosis of m6Acluster A was more favorable than m6Aclusters B and C, and it was more closely associated with immune regulation. To quantify the m6A modification patterns of individual tumor, an m6Ascore was constructed, and patients were classified into high and low m6Ascore groups. The low m6Ascore group, which had a favorable prognosis, was more relevant to immunology. The expression of PD-L1 was higher and the immunophenoscore (IPS) revealed stronger response to immunotherapy in the low m6Ascore group. This study identified 3 m6A modification patterns with different immune characteristics and constructed an m6Ascore system to predict prognosis and immunogenicity of patients, which is conducive to clinical prognosis judgment and individual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Ouyang
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixin Xiong
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zichuan Liu
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Medical Oncology Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Balar PC, Apostolopoulos V, Chavda VP. A new era of immune therapeutics for pancreatic cancer: Monoclonal antibodies paving the way. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176451. [PMID: 38408598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, remains a devastating disease with a dismal prognosis and limited survival rates. Despite various drug treatments and regimens showing promise in managing the disease, the clinical outcomes have not significantly improved. Immunotherapy however, has become a forefront area in pancreatic cancer treatment. This approach comprises a range of agents, including small molecule drugs, antibodies, combination therapies, and vaccines. In the last 5-8 years, there has been an upsurge of research into the use of monoclonal antibodies to block receptors on cancer or immune cells, revolutionising cancer treatment and management. Several targets have been identified and studied, with the most encouraging noted in relation to checkpoint markers, namely, antibodies targeting anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its receptor PD-L1. Herein, we present the clinical developments in immunotherapy in the last 5 years especially those which have been tested in humans against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3030, Australia
| | - Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India.
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24
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Tian J, Quek C. Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment in Melanoma Patients with In-Transit Metastases and Its Impacts on Immune Checkpoint Immunotherapy Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4243. [PMID: 38673829 PMCID: PMC11050678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of global skin cancer-related death and currently ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia. Melanoma patients with in-transit metastases (ITM), a type of locoregional metastasis located close to the primary tumor site, exhibit a high likelihood of further disease progression and poor survival outcomes. Immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in ITM patients with reduced occurrence of further metastases and prolonged survival. The major challenge of immunotherapeutic efficacy lies in the limited understanding of melanoma and ITM biology, hindering our ability to identify patients who likely respond to ICIs effectively. In this review, we provided an overview of melanoma and ITM disease. We outlined the key ICI therapies and the critical immune features associated with therapy response or resistance. Lastly, we dissected the underlying biological components, including the cellular compositions and their communication networks within the tumor compartment, to enhance our understanding of the interactions between immunotherapy and melanoma, providing insights for future investigation and the development of drug targets and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camelia Quek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
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25
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Casagrande S, Sopetto GB, Bertalot G, Bortolotti R, Racanelli V, Caffo O, Giometto B, Berti A, Veccia A. Immune-Related Adverse Events Due to Cancer Immunotherapy: Immune Mechanisms and Clinical Manifestations. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1440. [PMID: 38611115 PMCID: PMC11011060 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The landscape of cancer treatment has undergone a significant transformation with the introduction of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs). Patients undergoing these treatments often report prolonged clinical and radiological responses, albeit with a potential risk of developing immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we reviewed and discussed the mechanisms of action of ICIs and their pivotal role in regulating the immune system to enhance the anti-tumor immune response. We scrutinized the intricate pathogenic mechanisms responsible for irAEs, arising from the evasion of self-tolerance checkpoints due to drug-induced immune modulation. We also summarized the main clinical manifestations due to irAEs categorized by organ types, detailing their incidence and associated risk factors. The occurrence of irAEs is more frequent when ICIs are combined; with neurological, cardiovascular, hematological, and rheumatic irAEs more commonly linked to PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors and cutaneous and gastrointestinal irAEs more prevalent with CTLA4 inhibitors. Due to the often-nonspecific signs and symptoms, the diagnosis of irAEs (especially for those rare ones) can be challenging. The differential with primary autoimmune disorders becomes sometimes intricate, given the clinical and pathophysiological similarities. In conclusion, considering the escalating use of ICIs, this area of research necessitates additional clinical studies and practical insights, especially the development of biomarkers for predicting immune toxicities. In addition, there is a need for heightened education for both clinicians and patients to enhance understanding and awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Casagrande
- Unit of Neurology, Rovereto Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari-APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy; (S.C.); (B.G.)
| | - Giulia Boscato Sopetto
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (G.B.S.); (G.B.); (V.R.)
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (G.B.S.); (G.B.); (V.R.)
- Center for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Multizonal Unit of Pathology, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Bortolotti
- Unit of Rheumatology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy;
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (G.B.S.); (G.B.); (V.R.)
- Center for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Unit of Oncology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy; (O.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Bruno Giometto
- Unit of Neurology, Rovereto Hospital, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari-APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy; (S.C.); (B.G.)
- Center for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences (DIPSCO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Alvise Berti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (G.B.S.); (G.B.); (V.R.)
- Center for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
- Unit of Rheumatology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy;
| | - Antonello Veccia
- Unit of Oncology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy; (O.C.); (A.V.)
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26
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Maltseva A, Kalinchuk A, Chernorubashkina N, Sisakyan V, Lots I, Gofman A, Anzhiganova Y, Martynova E, Zukov R, Aleksandrova E, Kolomiets L, Tashireva L. Predicting Response to Immunotargeted Therapy in Endometrial Cancer via Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Multicenter, Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3933. [PMID: 38612743 PMCID: PMC11011874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Only one-third of patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer exhibit a lasting response to the combination treatment of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib. The combined administration of these two drugs is based on Lenvatinib's ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment, enabling Pembrolizumab to exert its effect. These findings underscore the importance of exploring tumor microenvironment parameters to identify markers that can accurately select candidates for this type of therapy. An open non-randomized observational association study was conducted at six clinical centers, involving a total of 28 patients with advanced MSS/pMMR endometrial cancer who received Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib therapy. Using TSA-associated multiplex immunofluorescence, we analyzed the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD20+ B lymphocytes, FoxP3+ T regulatory lymphocytes, and CD163+ macrophages in tumor samples prior to immunotargeted therapy. The percentage of CD20+ B lymphocytes and the CD8-to-CD20 lymphocytes ratio was significantly higher in patients who responded to treatment compared to non-responders (responders vs. non-responders: 0.24 (0.1-1.24)% vs. 0.08 (0.00-0.15)%, p = 0.0114; 1.44 (0.58-2.70) arb. unit vs. 19.00 (3.80-34.78) arb. unit, p = 0.0031). The sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers were 85.71% and 70.59%, and 85.71% and 85.71%, respectively. The proportion of CD20+ B lymphocytes and the CD8-to-CD20 lymphocytes ratio in the stroma of endometrial cancer serves as both a prognostic marker of response to immunotargeted therapy and a prognostic factor for progression-free survival in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Maltseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | - Anna Kalinchuk
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | | | - Virab Sisakyan
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 2 Plakhotnogo St., Novosibirsk 630108, Russia; (V.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Igor Lots
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Oncology Center, 2 Plakhotnogo St., Novosibirsk 630108, Russia; (V.S.); (I.L.)
| | - Alina Gofman
- Altai Regional Oncological Dispensary, 110 Zmeinogorsky tr., Barnaul 656000, Russia;
| | - Yulia Anzhiganova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Elizaveta Martynova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ruslan Zukov
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary Named after A. I. Kryzhanovsky, 16 1-ya Smolenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660133, Russia; (Y.A.); (R.Z.)
| | - Elena Aleksandrova
- Yakut Republican Oncology Center, Build. 1, 81 Stadukhina St., Yakutsk 677005, Russia
| | - Larisa Kolomiets
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
| | - Liubov Tashireva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.M.); (A.K.); (L.K.)
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27
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Xiaowu W, Qiang Z, Yike H, Wu Z, Yiheng J, Xuemei C, Sen L, Jiong C. Causal relationship between atrial fibrillation/warfarin and cutaneous melanoma: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1336849. [PMID: 38504913 PMCID: PMC10948620 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1336849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose In recent years, the relationship between malignant tumors and atrial fibrillation has attracted more and more attention. Atrial fibrillation can also cause a series of adverse events, such as the risk of thromboembolism. Also, Warfarin is often used here. But, the relationship between cutaneous melanoma and atrial fibrillation, and between cutaneous melanoma and warfarin is still unclear. Therefore, we used a two-sample Mendelian randomization to assess the causal relationship between atrial fibrillation/warfarin and cutaneous melanoma (cM). Methods Firstly, atrial fibrillation (ukb-b-11550; nCase = 3,518, nControl = 459,415) and warfarin (ukb-b-13248; nCase = 4,623, nControl = 458,310) as exposures, with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from the United Kingdom Biobank. And cM (ieu-b-4969; nCase = 3,751, nControl = 372,016) as outcome, with GWAS data from the IEU Open GWAS project. Subsequently, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were filtered from GWAS studies using quality control measures. In addition, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to explore the causal relationship between atrial fibrillation or warfarin and cM and used inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analytical method. Finally, relevant heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis were performed to ensure the accuracy of the results. Results A causal relationship between atrial fibrillation and cutaneous melanoma was observed, and between warfarin and cutaneous melanoma. Conclusion The atrial fibrillation may play a causal role in the development of cutaneous melanoma, but the mechanism and the causal relationship between warfarin and cutaneous melanoma needs to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xiaowu
- Department of Burns and Skin Repair Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhou Qiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Han Yike
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Wu
- Department of Nail and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin Yiheng
- College of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Xuemei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Sen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Jiong
- Department of Burns and Skin Repair Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ruian People's Hospital), Wenzhou, China
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28
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Qin D, Zhang Y, Shu P, Lei Y, Li X, Wang Y. Targeting tumor-infiltrating tregs for improved antitumor responses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325946. [PMID: 38500876 PMCID: PMC10944859 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as crucial components of the tumor immune environment, has great therapeutic potential. However, nonspecific inhibition of Tregs in therapies may not lead to enhanced antitumor responses, but could also trigger autoimmune reactions in patients, resulting in intolerable treatment side effects. Hence, the precision targeting and inhibition of tumor-infiltrating Tregs is of paramount importance. In this overview, we summarize the characteristics and subpopulations of Tregs within tumor microenvironment and their inhibitory mechanisms in antitumor responses. Furthermore, we discuss the current major strategies targeting regulatory T cells, weighing their advantages and limitations, and summarize representative clinical trials targeting Tregs in cancer treatment. We believe that developing therapies that specifically target and suppress tumor-infiltrating Tregs holds great promise for advancing immune-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyuan Qin
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yugu Zhang
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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29
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Mandal G, Pradhan S. B cell responses and antibody-based therapeutic perspectives in human cancers. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2056. [PMID: 38522010 PMCID: PMC10961090 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immuno-oncology has been focused on T cell-centric approaches until the field recently started appreciating the importance of tumor-reactive antibody production by tumor-infiltrating plasma B cells, and the necessity of developing novel therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of different cancers. RECENT FINDINGS B lymphocytes often infiltrate solid tumors and the extent of B cell infiltration normally correlates with stronger T cell responses while generating humoral responses against malignant progression by producing tumor antigens-reactive antibodies that bind and coat the tumor cells and promote cytotoxic effector mechanisms, reiterating the fact that the adaptive immune system works by coordinated humoral and cellular immune responses. Isotypes, magnitude, and the effector functions of antibodies produced by the B cells within the tumor environment differ among cancer types. Interestingly, apart from binding with specific tumor antigens, antibodies produced by tumor-infiltrating B cells could bind to some non-specific receptors, peculiarly expressed by cancer cells. Antibody-based immunotherapies have revolutionized the modalities of cancer treatment across the world but are still limited against hematological malignancies and a few types of solid tumor cancers with a restricted number of targets, which necessitates the expansion of the field to have newer effective targeted antibody therapeutics. CONCLUSION Here, we discuss about recent understanding of the protective spontaneous antitumor humoral responses in human cancers, with an emphasis on the advancement and future perspectives of antibody-based immunotherapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Mandal
- Division of Cancer BiologyDBT‐Institute of Life SciencesBhubaneswarIndia
| | - Suchismita Pradhan
- Division of Cancer BiologyDBT‐Institute of Life SciencesBhubaneswarIndia
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30
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Kagamu H. Immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Investig 2024; 62:307-312. [PMID: 38310751 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) bind to programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), which suppress T-cell function and inhibit their inhibitory function, resulting in T-cell activation. ICI have been approved for a wide range of cancers, including malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's disease, small-cell lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and the number of indications continues to grow. In addition to the treatment of advanced disease, the anti-tumor effect has been demonstrated across disease stages, from locally advanced disease to early-stage operative disease. The treatment of lung cancer is at the forefront of this trend and long-term durable responses and survival benefits in lung cancer have been exhibited that were unimaginable when cytotoxic anticancer agents were the only treatment options. However, treatment efficacy varies greatly from case to case, and no biomarkers have been developed to accurately predict efficacy. In this article, we discuss the past and future of ICI therapy for lung cancer, based on clinical and basic evidence accumulated to-date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kagamu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan.
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Piras L, Zuccanti M, Russo P, Riccio F, Agresti A, Lustri C, Dardani D, Ferrera A, Fiorentini V, Tocci G, Tini Melato G, Volpe M, Barbato E, Battistoni A. Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2502. [PMID: 38473748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the field of oncology, emerging as first-line treatment, either alone or in combination with other regimens, for numerous malignancies, improving overall survival and progression-free survival in these patients. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors might also cause severe or fatal immune-related adverse events, including adverse cardiovascular events. Initially, myocarditis was recognized as the main immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac event, but our knowledge of other potential immune-related cardiovascular adverse events continues to broaden. Recently, preclinical and clinical data seem to support an association between immune checkpoint inhibitors and accelerated atherosclerosis as well as atherosclerotic cardiovascular events such as cardiac ischemic disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. In this review, by offering a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role of inflammation in atherosclerosis, we focus on the potential molecular pathways underlying the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, we provide an overview of therapeutic strategies for cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy to prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Piras
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Zuccanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Russo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Riccio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Agresti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Lustri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Dardani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Ferrera
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fiorentini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Tocci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Tini Melato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Allegra Battistoni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Marzęda P, Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Florek-Łuszczki M, Góralczyk A, Łuszczki JJ. AM1172 (a hydrolysis-resistant endocannabinoid analog that inhibits anandamide cellular uptake) reduces the viability of the various melanoma cells, but it exerts significant cytotoxic effects on healthy cells: an in vitro study based on isobolographic analysis. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:154-170. [PMID: 38019413 PMCID: PMC10830817 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite great advances in our understanding of the impact of cannabinoids on human organism, many of their properties still remain undetermined, including their potential antineoplastic effects. This study was designed to assess the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of AM1172 (a hydrolysis-resistant endocannabinoid analog that inhibits anandamide cellular uptake) administered alone and in combinations with docetaxel (DOCX), paclitaxel (PACX), mitoxantrone (MTX) and cisplatin (CDDP) on various human malignant melanoma A375, FM55P, SK-MEL 28 and FM55M2 cell lines. MATERIALS In the MTT, LDH, and BrdU assays, the potency and safety of AM1172 when administered alone and in combinations with DOCX, PACX, MTX, and CDDP were determined. RESULTS The isobolographic analysis revealed that combinations of AM1172 with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP exerted additive interactions, except for a combination of AM1172 with PACX in primary melanoma A375 cell line, for which synergy was observed (*p<0.05). Nevertheless, AM1172 when administered alone produced cytotoxic effects on healthy human melanocytes (HEMa-LP) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT), which unfortunately limits its potential therapeutic utility. CONCLUSIONS AM1172 cannot be used separately as a chemotherapeutic drug, but it can be combined with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP, offering additive interactions in terms of the anti-proliferative effects in various malignant melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Marzęda
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Góralczyk
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
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Caraban BM, Aschie M, Deacu M, Cozaru GC, Pundiche MB, Orasanu CI, Voda RI. A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge on Cutaneous Melanoma. Clin Pract 2024; 14:214-241. [PMID: 38391404 PMCID: PMC10888040 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a public health problem. Efforts to reduce its incidence have failed, as it continues to increase. In recent years, many risk factors have been identified. Numerous diagnostic systems exist that greatly assist in early clinical diagnosis. The histopathological aspect illustrates the grim nature of these cancers. Currently, pathogenic pathways and the tumor microclimate are key to the development of therapeutic methods. Revolutionary therapies like targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are starting to replace traditional therapeutic methods. Targeted therapy aims at a specific molecule in the pathogenic chain to block it, stopping cell growth and dissemination. The main function of immune checkpoint inhibitors is to boost cellular immunity in order to combat cancer cells. Unfortunately, these therapies have different rates of effectiveness and side effects, and cannot be applied to all patients. These shortcomings are the basis of increased incidence and mortality rates. This study covers all stages of the evolutionary sequence of melanoma. With all these data in front of us, we see the need for new research efforts directed at therapies that will bring greater benefits in terms of patient survival and prognosis, with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Marian Caraban
- Clinical Department of Plastic Surgery, Microsurgery-Reconstructive, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Aschie
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Romania, 030171 Bucharest, Romania
- The Romanian Academy of Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mariana Deacu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Georgeta Camelia Cozaru
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Genetics, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Butcaru Pundiche
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Department of General Surgery, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristian Ionut Orasanu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Raluca Ioana Voda
- Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Clinical Service of Pathology, Departments of Pathology, "Sf. Apostol Andrei" Emergency County Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Center for Research and Development of the Morphological and Genetic Studies of Malignant Pathology (CEDMOG), "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
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Kou Z, Tran F, Dai W. Heavy metals, oxidative stress, and the role of AhR signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 482:116769. [PMID: 38007072 PMCID: PMC10988536 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor pivotal in responding to environmental stress and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Exposure to specific xenobiotics or industrial compounds in the environment activates AhR and its subsequent signaling, inducing oxidative stress and related toxicity. Past research has also identified and characterized several classes of endogenous ligands, particularly some tryptophan (Trp) metabolic/catabolic products, that act as AhR agonists, influencing a variety of physiological and pathological states, including the modulation of immune responses and cell death. Heavy metals, being non-essential elements in the human body, are generally perceived as toxic and hazardous, originating either naturally or from industrial activities. Emerging evidence indicates that heavy metals significantly influence AhR activation and its downstream signaling. This review consolidates current knowledge on the modulation of the AhR signaling pathway by heavy metals, explores the consequences of co-exposure to AhR ligands and heavy metals, and investigates the interplay between oxidative stress and AhR activation, focusing on the regulation of immune responses and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Kou
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, 341 East 25(th) Street, New York, NY 10010, United States of America
| | - Franklin Tran
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, 341 East 25(th) Street, New York, NY 10010, United States of America
| | - Wei Dai
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, 341 East 25(th) Street, New York, NY 10010, United States of America.
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35
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Saeed W, Shahbaz E, Maqsood Q, Ali SW, Mahnoor M. Cutaneous Oncology: Strategies for Melanoma Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241274978. [PMID: 39133519 PMCID: PMC11320697 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241274978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer comprises one-third of all diagnosed cancer cases and remains a major health concern. Genetic and environmental parameters serve as the two main risk factors associated with the development of skin cancer, with ultraviolet radiation being the most common environmental risk factor. Studies have also found fair complexion, arsenic toxicity, indoor tanning, and family history among the prevailing causes of skin cancer. Prevention and early diagnosis play a crucial role in reducing the frequency and ensuring effective management of skin cancer. Recent studies have focused on exploring minimally invasive or non-invasive diagnostic technologies along with artificial intelligence to facilitate rapid and accurate diagnosis. The treatment of skin cancer ranges from traditional surgical excision to various advanced methods such as phototherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination therapy. Recent studies have focused on immunotherapy, with the introduction of new checkpoint inhibitors and personalized immunotherapy enhancing treatment efficacy. Advancements in multi-omics, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence have further deepened the understanding of the mechanisms underlying tumoral growth and their interaction with therapeutic effects, which has paved the way for precision oncology. This review aims to highlight the recent advancements in the understanding and management of skin cancer, and provide an overview of existing and emerging diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic modalities, while highlighting areas that require further research to bridge the existing knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajeeha Saeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Esha Shahbaz
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Quratulain Maqsood
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Shinawar Waseem Ali
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammada Mahnoor
- Sehat Medical Complex Lake City, University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan
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Kang JY, Yang J, Lee H, Park S, Gil M, Kim KE. Systematic Multiomic Analysis of PKHD1L1 Gene Expression and Its Role as a Predicting Biomarker for Immune Cell Infiltration in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:359. [PMID: 38203530 PMCID: PMC10778817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of genetic factors that regulate the cancer immune microenvironment is important for understanding the mechanism of tumor progression and establishing an effective treatment strategy. Polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1-like protein 1 (PKHD1L1) is a large transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in immune cells; however, its association with tumor progression remains unclear. Here, we systematically analyzed the clinical relevance of PKHD1L1 in the tumor microenvironment in multiple cancer types using various bioinformatic tools. We found that the PKHD1L1 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than in normal tissues. The decreased expression of PKHD1L1 was significantly associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) in SKCM and LUAD. Additionally, PKHD1L1 expression was positively correlated with the levels of infiltrating B cells, cluster of differentiation (CD)-8+ T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, suggesting that the infiltration of immune cells could be associated with a good prognosis due to increased PKHD1L1 expression. Gene ontology (GO) analysis also revealed the relationship between PKHD1L1-co-altered genes and the activation of lymphocytes, including B and T cells. Collectively, this study shows that PKHD1L1 expression is positively correlated with a good prognosis via the induction of immune infiltration, suggesting that PKHD1L1 has potential prognostic value in SKCM and LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kang
- Department of Health Industry, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Jisun Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea;
| | - Haeryung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Soochul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Minchan Gil
- Department of Health Industry, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Health Industry, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (M.G.)
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea;
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37
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Wang Y, Yan Q, Fan C, Mo Y, Wang Y, Li X, Liao Q, Guo C, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Huang H. Overview and countermeasures of cancer burden in China. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2515-2526. [PMID: 37071289 PMCID: PMC10111086 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide. Treatment of cancer exhausts significant medical resources, and the morbidity and mortality caused by cancer is a huge social burden. Cancer has therefore become a serious economic and social problem shared globally. As an increasingly prevalent disease in China, cancer is a huge challenge for the country's healthcare system. Based on recent data published in the Journal of the National Cancer Center on cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2016, we analyzed the current trends in cancer incidence and changes in cancer mortality and survival rate in China. And also, we examined several key risk factors for cancer pathogenesis and discussed potential countermeasures for cancer prevention and treatment in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Qijia Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - He Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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Nijhawan HP, Prabhakar B, Misra A, Yadav KS. Fragmented antibodies in non-small cell lung cancer: A novel nano-engineered delivery system for detection and treatment of cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103701. [PMID: 37453459 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a long history of defying traditional cytotoxic treatment. Significant advancements in biotechnology, cancer biology, and immunotherapy have provided new insights that have altered the landscape for the management of NSCLC, clearing the way for a new era of pharmaceuticals in the form of monoclonal antibodies and their fragments. Antibody fragments are superior to monoclonal antibodies because of their small size, which allows them to penetrate cells and tissues effectively. When combined with functional nanocarriers, antibody fragments can target cancer cells while offering improved efficacy and fewer off-target effects. We discuss current topics of interest including anti-CTLA-4 mAbs, Talactoferrin alfa (TLF), and the CYFRA 21-1 biomarker, with brief insights into its novel detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh P Nijhawan
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Bala Prabhakar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Khushwant S Yadav
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile-Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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Li B, Guo Y, Yi Y, Huang Z, Ren Y, Wang H, Yang L. Non-spatial and spatial heterogeneity revealed a suppressive immune feature of Siglec-15 in lung adenocarcinomas. J Transl Med 2023; 21:599. [PMID: 37674198 PMCID: PMC10483852 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-15 (Siglec-15) has emerged as a novel immunotherapy candidate, which deserves a comprehensive investigation in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS Multiplex fluorescence-based immunohistochemistry was conducted to assess Siglec-15 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in LUAD from Tianjin cohort, with validation cohorts Xinchao 04 and 07. RESULTS This study revealed that Siglec-15 was positively correlated with CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltration, but CD8+ T cells were mostly infiltrated in the stroma area, not in the tumor area. Spatially, fewer CD8+ T cells surrounded Siglec-15+ tumor cells in PD-L1- cells, and more TAMs surrounded Siglec-15+ tumor cells in PD-L1-/+ cells. Siglec-15+ TAMs infiltrated with more CD8+ T cells, and were closer to CD8+ T cells than Siglec-15- TAMs and Siglec-15+ tumor cells. Siglec-15+ TAMs infiltrated with more Tregs and were closer to Tregs than Siglec-15+ tumor cells. Siglec-15+ tumor cells or TAMs reversed CD8+ T cells prognosis value, and enhanced the prognosis value of Tregs and TAMs. The immunotyping based on Siglec-15 and CD8A / CD8+ T cells revealed that patients with high CD8A and Siglec-15 expression exhibited immune activation. Patients with low CD8A expression / CD8+ T cells infiltration and Siglec-15 overexpression were related to the activation of immunosuppressive signature and metabolism-related pathway, and infiltrated with more TAMs. CONCLUSIONS We revealed the distinct characteristics between Siglec-15+ tumor cells and TAMs in relation to CD8+ T cells, and a unique relationship between Siglec-15 and immunosuppressive TIME in LUAD, which may provide potential value for anti-Siglec-15 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeran Yi
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziqi Huang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulin Ren
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhuxi Road, Tiyuanbei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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40
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Hsu M, Martin TC, Vyas NS, Desman G, Mendelson K, Horst B, Parsons RE, Celebi JT. B7-H3 drives immunosuppression and Co-targeting with CD47 is a new therapeutic strategy in β-catenin activated melanomas. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2023; 36:407-415. [PMID: 37086018 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
In melanoma, immune cell infiltration into the tumor is associated with better patient outcomes and response to immunotherapy. T-cell non-inflamed tumors (cold tumors) are associated with tumor cell-intrinsic Wnt/β-catenin activation, and are typically resistant to anti-PD-1 alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Reversal of the 'cold tumor' phenotype and identifying new effective immunotherapies are challenges. We sought to investigate the role of a newer immunotherapy agent, B7-H3, in this setting. RNA sequencing was used to identify co-targeting strategies upon B7-H3 inhibition in a well-defined preclinical melanoma model driven by β-catenin. We found that immune checkpoint molecule B7-H3 confers a suppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating antiviral signals and innate immunity. B7-H3 inhibition led to an inflamed microenvironment, up-regulation of CD47/SIRPa signaling, and together with blockade of the macrophage checkpoint CD47 resulted in additive antitumor responses. We found that the antitumor effects of the B7-H3/CD47 antibody combination were dependent on cytokine signaling pathways (CCR5/CCL5 and IL4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nikki S Vyas
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Garrett Desman
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karen Mendelson
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Basil Horst
- Department of Pathology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ramon E Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julide Tok Celebi
- Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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41
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Sara A, Ruff SM, Noonan AM, Pawlik TM. Real-World Use of Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pragmat Obs Res 2023; 14:63-74. [PMID: 37637511 PMCID: PMC10455985 DOI: 10.2147/por.s397972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and accounts for 90% of all primary liver cancers. Chronic inflammation is the hallmark across most prevalent etiologies among which HBV is the leading cause worldwide (33%), followed by alcohol (30%), HCV (21%), other factors like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis linked to insulin resistance/metabolic syndrome, and obesity associated inflammation (16%). Deregulation of the tightly controlled immunological network leads to liver disease, including chronic infection, autoimmunity, and tumor development. While inflammation drives oncogenesis in the liver, HCC also recruits ICOS+ FOXP3+ Tregs and MDSCs and upregulates immune checkpoints to induce a state of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. As such, research is focused on targeting and modulating the immune system to treat HCC. The Checkmate 040 and Keynote 224 studies established the role of immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with HCC. In Phase I and II trials, nivolumab and pembrolizumab demonstrated durable response rates of 15-20% and were subsequently approved as second-line agents after sorafenib. Due to the success of the IMbrave 150 and HIMALAYA trials, which examined the combination of atezolizumab/bevacizumab and tremelimumab/durvalumab, respectively, the FDA approved these regimens as first-time treatment options for patients with advanced HCC. The encouraging results of immunotherapy in the management of HCC has led researchers to evaluate if combination with locoregional therapies may result in a synergistic effect. Real-world studies represent an invaluable tool to assess and verify the applicability of clinical trials in the bedside setting with a more varied patient population. We herein review current real-life use of ICIs in the management of HCC and highlight some of the ongoing clinical trials that are expected to change current recommended first-line treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sara
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samantha M Ruff
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anne M Noonan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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42
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Bossio SN, Abrate C, Tosello Boari J, Rodriguez C, Canale FP, Ramello MC, Brunotto V, Richer W, Rocha D, Sedlik C, Vincent-Salomon A, Borcoman E, Del Castillo A, Gruppi A, Fernandez E, Acosta Rodríguez EV, Piaggio E, Montes CL. CD39 + conventional CD4 + T cells with exhaustion traits and cytotoxic potential infiltrate tumors and expand upon CTLA-4 blockade. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2246319. [PMID: 37885970 PMCID: PMC10599196 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2246319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional CD4+ T (Tconv) lymphocytes play important roles in tumor immunity; however, their contribution to tumor elimination remains poorly understood. Here, we describe a subset of tumor-infiltrating Tconv cells characterized by the expression of CD39. In several mouse cancer models, we observed that CD39+ Tconv cells accumulated in tumors but were absent in lymphoid organs. Compared to tumor CD39- counterparts, CD39+ Tconv cells exhibited a cytotoxic and exhausted signature at the transcriptomic level, confirmed by high protein expression of inhibitory receptors and transcription factors related to the exhaustion. Additionally, CD39+ Tconv cells showed increased production of IFNγ , granzyme B, perforin and CD107a expression, but reduced production of TNF. Around 55% of OVA-specific Tconv from B16-OVA tumor-bearing mice, expressed CD39. In vivo CTLA-4 blockade induced the expansion of tumor CD39+ Tconv cells, which maintained their cytotoxic and exhausted features. In breast cancer patients, CD39+ Tconv cells were found in tumors and in metastatic lymph nodes but were less frequent in adjacent non-tumoral mammary tissue and not detected in non-metastatic lymph nodes and blood. Human tumor CD39+ Tconv cells constituted a heterogeneous cell population with features of exhaustion, high expression of inhibitory receptors and CD107a. We found that high CD4 and ENTPD1 (CD39) gene expression in human tumor tissues correlated with a higher overall survival rate in breast cancer patients. Our results identify CD39 as a biomarker of Tconv cells, with characteristics of both exhaustion and cytotoxic potential, and indicate CD39+ Tconv cells as players within the immune response against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina N. Bossio
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carolina Abrate
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jimena Tosello Boari
- Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Constanza Rodriguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando P. Canale
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María C. Ramello
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valentina Brunotto
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Wilfrid Richer
- Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Dario Rocha
- Centro de Investigación y desarrollo en inmunología y enfermedades infecciosas (CIDIE-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Christine Sedlik
- Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine Division, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Edith Borcoman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Adriana Gruppi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elmer Fernandez
- Centro de Investigación y desarrollo en inmunología y enfermedades infecciosas (CIDIE-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Eva V. Acosta Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie Research Center, Translational Research Department, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Carolina L. Montes
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI-CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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43
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Kallingal A, Olszewski M, Maciejewska N, Brankiewicz W, Baginski M. Cancer immune escape: the role of antigen presentation machinery. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8131-8141. [PMID: 37031434 PMCID: PMC10374767 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of antigen processing and presentation play a crucial role in the recognition and targeting of cancer cells by the immune system. Cancer cells can evade the immune system by downregulating or losing the expression of the proteins recognized by the immune cells as antigens, creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment, and altering their ability to process and present antigens. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cancer immune evasion with a specific emphasis on the role of antigen presentation machinery. The study of the immunopeptidome, or peptidomics, has provided insights into the mechanisms of cancer immune evasion and has potential applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, manipulating the epigenetic landscape of cancer cells plays a critical role in suppressing the immune response against cancer. Targeting these mechanisms through the use of HDACis, DNMTis, and combination therapies has the potential to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and optimal use of these therapies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Kallingal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Natalia Maciejewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Wioletta Brankiewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maciej Baginski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
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44
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Kalinka E, Wojas-Krawczyk K, Krawczyk P. Double Guard Efficiency and Safety-Overcoming Resistance to Immunotherapy by Blocking or Stimulating Several Immune Checkpoints in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3499. [PMID: 37444609 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is one of the leading systemic therapies in non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) patients, but it is not effective in an important proportion of them due to primary or secondary resistance mechanisms. Clinicians do not have the tools to predict immunotherapy resistance, and thus, many patients still fail initial treatment. One of the scientific concepts to avoid resistance and/or offer the patient effective salvage second-line treatment is the dual immunologic checkpoint blockade. We aimed to review published and available data on combination immunotherapy in terms of mechanisms, efficacy, and safety data on many different dual blockades. We discussed the potential of combined CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4), PD-1 (Programmed Death 1) or PD-L1, TIGIT, LAG-3, TIM-3, macrophage leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2/ILT4), S15-mediated immune suppression (SIGLEC-15), CD137, ICOS, and OX40 inhibitors in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kalinka
- Department of Oncology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamila Wojas-Krawczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Krawczyk
- Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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45
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Vázquez-Montero L, de la Gala MDCÁ, de la Cruz-Merino L. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma: a critical appraisal focused on specific subpopulations. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1187840. [PMID: 37404764 PMCID: PMC10315455 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1187840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the landscape of treatment of advanced melanoma in recent years. Based on the efficacy results of the phase III CheckMate 067 trial, nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab is one of the first-line standard options for advanced melanoma along with pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and, recently, nivolumab plus relatlimab. Counterbalancing its efficacy, nivolumab plus ipilimumab is associated with severe immune-related toxicity. This article will review the efficacy and safety of the nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination in advanced melanoma across phase I, II, and III clinical trials that evaluated this approach. We also explore the benefit of the combination schedule across different subgroups of patients and possible predictive biomarkers for efficacy outcomes in order to elucidate which patients could be the best candidates for combination or single-agent therapy. Patients with BRAF-mutant tumours, asymptomatic brain metastases, or PD-L1-negative status appear to reach better survival outcomes with the combination relative to single-agent immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Clinical Oncology Department, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain
- School of Medicine. University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Oncohematology and Genetics, Biomedicine Institute of Seville (IBIS)/CSIC Spanish National Research Council, Seville, Spain
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46
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Peeters F, Dekervel J. Considerations for individualized first-line systemic treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 70:102365. [PMID: 36972646 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2023.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 80%-90% of all primary liver malignancies. Until 2007, there was no effective treatment option available for patients diagnosed with advanced HCC, whereas today, both multireceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as immunotherapy combinations have entered clinical practice. The choice between the different options is a tailor-made decision to match the efficacy and safety data of the clinical trials with the specific patient and disease profile. This review provides clinical stepstones to make an individualized decision for every patient with its specific tumor and liver characteristics in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Peeters
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. https://twitter.com/@PeetersFre
| | - Jeroen Dekervel
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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47
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Tang L, Lei X, Hu H, Li Z, Zhu H, Zhan W, Zhang T. Investigation of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in breast cancer: Implications for Immunotherapy and clinical significance. Transl Oncol 2023; 34:101700. [PMID: 37247503 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is a major global health issue, characterized by high mortality and low early diagnosis rates. The tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of BRCA is closely linked to fatty acid metabolism (FAM). This study aimed to identify FAM-related subtypes in BRCA based on gene expression and clinical data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The study found two distinct FAM-related subtypes, each with unique immune characteristics and prognostic implications. A FAM-related risk score prognostic model was developed and validated using TCGA and International Cancer Genome Consortium (GEO) cohorts, showing potential clinical applications for chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Additionally, a nomogram was established to facilitate clinical use of the risk score. These results highlight the significant correlation between FAM genes and TME in BRCA, and demonstrate the potential clinical utility of the FAM-related risk score in informing treatment decisions for BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Haihong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Wendi Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Taolan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese Traditional Medicine(TCM) research platform of major Epidemic Treatment base, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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48
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Yin Q, Wu L, Han L, Zheng X, Tong R, Li L, Bai L, Bian Y. Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1167975. [PMID: 37304306 PMCID: PMC10247998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1167975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor was developed, tumor immunotherapy has entered a new era, and the response rate and survival rate of many cancers have also been improved. Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, resistance limits the number of patients who can achieve a lasting response, and immune-related adverse events complicate treatment. The mechanism of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is unclear. We summarize and discuss the mechanisms of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the different types of immune-related adverse events and their possible mechanisms, and describe possible strategies and targets for prevention and therapeutic interventions to mitigate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyun Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lizhu Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyue Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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49
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Nikoo M, Rabiee F, Mohebbi H, Eghbalifard N, Rajabi H, Yazdani Y, Sakhaei D, Khosravifarsani M, Akhavan-Sigari R. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy in cancer: Current evidence to date. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109881. [PMID: 37012882 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, yielding significant antitumor responses across multiple cancer types. Combination ICI therapy with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies outperforms either antibody alone in terms of clinical efficacy. As a consequence, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) plus nivolumab (anti-PD-1) as the first-ever approved therapies for combined ICI in patients with metastatic melanoma. Despite the success of ICIs, treatment with checkpoint inhibitor combinations poses significant clinical challenges, such as increased rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and drug resistance. Thus, identifying optimal prognostic biomarkers could help to monitor the safety and efficacy of ICIs and identify patients who may benefit the most from these treatments. In this review, we will first go over the fundamentals of the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways, as well as the mechanisms of ICI resistance. The results of clinical findings that evaluated the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab are then summarized to support future research in the field of combination therapy. Finally, the irAEs associated with combined ICI therapy, as well as the underlying biomarkers involved in their management, are discussed.
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Park C, Kim KT. Demyelinating polyneuropathy combined with brachial plexopathy after nivolumab therapy for hodgkin lymphoma: a case report. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:130. [PMID: 36997886 PMCID: PMC10061856 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed cell death-1 protein and is effective in treating advanced cancer. However, it is also associated with various immune-related neurological complications, including myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and demyelinating polyneuropathy. These complications can easily mimic other neurological diseases and have greatly varying therapeutic approaches depending on the underlying pathophysiology. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a case of nivolumab-induced demyelinating peripheral polyneuropathy involving the brachial plexus in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma. Approximately 7 months after nivolumab treatment, the patient experienced muscle weakness with a tightness and tingling sensation in the right forearm. Electrodiagnostic studies showed features of demyelinating peripheral neuropathy with right brachial plexopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed thickening with a diffuse enhancement of both brachial plexuses. The patient was eventually diagnosed with nivolumab-induced demyelinating polyneuropathy involving the brachial plexus. Oral steroid therapy improved motor weakness and sensory abnormalities without aggravation. CONCLUSION Our study indicates the possibility of nivolumab-induced neuropathies in cases involving muscle weakness with sensory abnormalities of the upper extremity following nivolumab administration in patients with advanced cancer. Comprehensive electrodiagnostic studies and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in the differential diagnosis of other neurological diseases. Appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches may prevent further neurological deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulmin Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Tae Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.
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