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Elbaz B, Darwish A, Vardy M, Isaac S, Tokars HM, Dzhashiashvili Y, Korshunov K, Prakriya M, Eden A, Popko B. The bone transcription factor Osterix controls extracellular matrix- and node of Ranvier-related gene expression in oligodendrocytes. Neuron 2024; 112:247-263.e6. [PMID: 37924811 PMCID: PMC10843489 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the primary producers of many extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins found in the CNS. Therefore, oligodendrocytes play a critical role in the determination of brain stiffness, node of Ranvier formation, perinodal ECM deposition, and perineuronal net formation, all of which depend on the ECM. Nevertheless, the transcription factors that control ECM-related gene expression in oligodendrocytes remain unknown. Here, we found that the transcription factor Osterix (also known as Sp7) binds in proximity to genes important for CNS ECM and node of Ranvier formation and mediates their expression. Oligodendrocyte-specific ablation of Sp7 changes ECM composition and brain stiffness and results in aberrant node of Ranvier formation. Sp7 is known to control osteoblast maturation and bone formation. Our comparative analyses suggest that Sp7 plays a conserved biological role in oligodendrocytes and in bone-forming cells, where it mediates brain and bone tissue stiffness by controlling expression of ECM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benayahu Elbaz
- Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alaa Darwish
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maia Vardy
- Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sara Isaac
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haley Margaret Tokars
- Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yulia Dzhashiashvili
- Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kirill Korshunov
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amir Eden
- Department of Genetics, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Brian Popko
- Department of Neurology, Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Curran CS, Cui X, Li Y, Jeakle M, Sun J, Demirkale CY, Minkove S, Hoffmann V, Dhamapurkar R, Chumbris S, Bolyard C, Iheanacho A, Eichacker PQ, Torabi-Parizi P. Anti-PD-L1 therapy altered inflammation but not survival in a lethal murine hepatitis virus-1 pneumonia model. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1308358. [PMID: 38259435 PMCID: PMC10801642 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Because prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in cancer patients presenting with COVID-19 may affect outcomes, we investigated the beta-coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus (MHV)-1, in a lethal pneumonia model in the absence (Study 1) or presence of prior programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) antibody (PD-L1mAb) treatment (Study 2). Methods In Study 1, animals were inoculated intratracheally with MHV-1 or vehicle and evaluated at day 2, 5, and 10 after infection. In Study 2, uninfected or MHV-1-infected animals were pretreated intraperitoneally with control or PD-L1-blocking antibodies (PD-L1mAb) and evaluated at day 2 and 5 after infection. Each study examined survival, physiologic and histologic parameters, viral titers, lung immunophenotypes, and mediator production. Results Study 1 results recapitulated the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and revealed increased cell surface expression of checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1), higher expression of the immune activation marker angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), but reduced detection of the MHV-1 receptor CD66a on immune cells in the lung, liver, and spleen. In addition to reduced detection of PD-L1 on all immune cells assayed, PD-L1 blockade was associated with increased cell surface expression of PD-1 and ACE, decreased cell surface detection of CD66a, and improved oxygen saturation despite reduced blood glucose levels and increased signs of tissue hypoxia. In the lung, PD-L1mAb promoted S100A9 but inhibited ACE2 production concomitantly with pAKT activation and reduced FOXO1 levels. PD-L1mAb promoted interferon-γ but inhibited IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production, contributing to reduced bronchoalveolar lavage levels of eosinophils and neutrophils. In the liver, PD-L1mAb increased viral clearance in association with increased macrophage and lymphocyte recruitment and liver injury. PD-L1mAb increased the production of virally induced mediators of injury, angiogenesis, and neuronal activity that may play role in COVID-19 and ICI-related neurotoxicity. PD-L1mAb did not affect survival in this murine model. Discussion In Study 1 and Study 2, ACE was upregulated and CD66a and ACE2 were downregulated by either MHV-1 or PD-L1mAb. CD66a is not only the MHV-1 receptor but also an identified immune checkpoint and a negative regulator of ACE. Crosstalk between CD66a and PD-L1 or ACE/ACE2 may provide insight into ICI therapies. These networks may also play role in the increased production of S100A9 and neurological mediators in response to MHV-1 and/or PD-L1mAb, which warrant further study. Overall, these findings support observational data suggesting that prior ICI treatment does not alter survival in patients presenting with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S. Curran
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xizhong Cui
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yan Li
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mark Jeakle
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cumhur Y. Demirkale
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Samuel Minkove
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rhea Dhamapurkar
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Symya Chumbris
- Texcell North-America, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Peter Q. Eichacker
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Parizad Torabi-Parizi
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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3
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Baldenius M, Kautzmann S, Nanda S, Klämbt C. Signaling Pathways Controlling Axonal Wrapping in Drosophila. Cells 2023; 12:2553. [PMID: 37947631 PMCID: PMC10647682 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid transmission of action potentials is an important ability that enables efficient communication within the nervous system. Glial cells influence conduction velocity along axons by regulating the radial axonal diameter, providing electrical insulation as well as affecting the distribution of voltage-gated ion channels. Differentiation of these wrapping glial cells requires a complex set of neuron-glia interactions involving three basic mechanistic features. The glia must recognize the axon, grow around it, and eventually arrest its growth to form single or multiple axon wraps. This likely depends on the integration of numerous evolutionary conserved signaling and adhesion systems. Here, we summarize the mechanisms and underlying signaling pathways that control glial wrapping in Drosophila and compare those to the mechanisms that control glial differentiation in mammals. This analysis shows that Drosophila is a beneficial model to study the development of even complex structures like myelin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christian Klämbt
- Institute for Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (M.B.)
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4
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Pinatel D, Pearlstein E, Bonetto G, Goutebroze L, Karagogeos D, Crepel V, Faivre-Sarrailh C. A class-specific effect of dysmyelination on the excitability of hippocampal interneurons. eLife 2023; 12:e86469. [PMID: 37843188 PMCID: PMC10617988 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of myelination for axonal conduction is well-established in projection neurons but little is known about its significance in GABAergic interneurons. Myelination is discontinuous along interneuron axons and the mechanisms controlling myelin patterning and segregation of ion channels at the nodes of Ranvier have not been elucidated. Protein 4.1B is implicated in the organization of the nodes of Ranvier as a linker between paranodal and juxtaparanodal membrane proteins to the spectrin cytoskeleton. In the present study, 4.1B KO mice are used as a genetic model to analyze the functional role of myelin in Lhx6-positive parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) neurons, two major classes of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus. We show that 4.1B-deficiency induces disruption of juxtaparanodal K+ channel clustering and mislocalization of nodal or heminodal Na+ channels. Strikingly, 4.1B-deficiency causes loss of myelin in GABAergic axons in the hippocampus. In particular, stratum oriens SST cells display severe axonal dysmyelination and a reduced excitability. This reduced excitability is associated with a decrease in occurrence probability of small amplitude synaptic inhibitory events on pyramidal cells. In contrast, stratum pyramidale fast-spiking PV cells do not appear affected. In conclusion, our results indicate a class-specific effect of dysmyelination on the excitability of hippocampal interneurons associated with a functional alteration of inhibitory drive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laurence Goutebroze
- INSERM, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Sorbonne Université, Faculté des Sciences et IngénierieParisFrance
| | - Domna Karagogeos
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, University of CreteHeraklionGreece
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5
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Chodkowski M, Zielezinski A, Anbalagan S. A ligand-receptor interactome atlas of the zebrafish. iScience 2023; 26:107309. [PMID: 37539027 PMCID: PMC10393773 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in zebrafish can unravel the functions of cellular communication and thus identify novel bench-to-bedside drugs targeting cellular communication signaling molecules. Due to the incomplete annotation of zebrafish proteome, the knowledge of zebrafish receptors, ligands, and tools to explore their interactome is limited. To address this gap, we de novo predicted the cellular localization of zebrafish reference proteome using deep learning algorithm. We combined the predicted and existing annotations on cellular localization of zebrafish proteins and created repositories of zebrafish ligands, membrane receptome, and interactome as well as associated diseases and targeting drugs. Unlike other tools, our interactome atlas is based on both the physical interaction data of zebrafish proteome and existing human ligand-receptor pair databases. The resources are available as R and Python scripts. DanioTalk provides a novel resource for researchers interested in targeting cellular communication in zebrafish, as we demonstrate in applications studying synapse and axo-glial interactome. DanioTalk methodology can be applied to build and explore the ligand-receptor atlas of other non-mammalian model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milosz Chodkowski
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zielezinski
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Savani Anbalagan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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6
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Bizzoca A, Jirillo E, Flace P, Gennarini G. Overall Role of Contactins Expression in Neurodevelopmental Events and Contribution to Neurological Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-128217. [PMID: 36515028 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666221212160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disorders may depend upon a misregulation of the pathways which sustain neurodevelopmental control. In this context, this review article focuses on Friedreich ataxia (FA), a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from mutations within the gene encoding the Frataxin protein, which is involved in the control of mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism. OBJECTIVE The specific aim of the present study concerns the FA molecular and cellular substrates, for which available transgenic mice models are proposed, including mutants undergoing misexpression of adhesive/morphoregulatory proteins, in particular belonging to the Contactin subset of the immunoglobulin supergene family. METHODS In both mutant and control mice, neurogenesis was explored by morphological/morphometric analysis through the expression of cell type-specific markers, including -tubulin, the Contactin-1 axonal adhesive glycoprotein, as well as the Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). RESULTS Specific consequences were found to arise from the chosen misexpression approach, consisting of a neuronal developmental delay associated with glial upregulation. Protective effects against the arising phenotype resulted from antioxidants (essentially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)) administration, which was demonstrated through the profiles of neuronal (-tubulin and Contactin 1) as well as glial (GFAP) markers, in turn indicating the concomitant activation of neurodegeneration and neuro repair processes. The latter also implied activation of the Notch-1 signaling. CONCLUSION Overall, this study supports the significance of changes in morphoregulatory proteins expression in the FA pathogenesis and of antioxidant administration in counteracting it, which, in turn, allows to devise potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bizzoca
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs. Medical School. University of Bari. Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs. Medical School. University of Bari. Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Paolo Flace
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs. Medical School. University of Bari. Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari. Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs. Medical School. University of Bari. Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari. Italy
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7
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Chataigner LMP, Gogou C, den Boer MA, Frias CP, Thies-Weesie DME, Granneman JCM, Heck AJR, Meijer DH, Janssen BJC. Structural insights into the contactin 1 - neurofascin 155 adhesion complex. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6607. [PMID: 36329006 PMCID: PMC9633819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-surface expressed contactin 1 and neurofascin 155 control wiring of the nervous system and interact across cells to form and maintain paranodal myelin-axon junctions. The molecular mechanism of contactin 1 - neurofascin 155 adhesion complex formation is unresolved. Crystallographic structures of complexed and individual contactin 1 and neurofascin 155 binding regions presented here, provide a rich picture of how competing and complementary interfaces, post-translational glycosylation, splice differences and structural plasticity enable formation of diverse adhesion sites. Structural, biophysical, and cell-clustering analysis reveal how conserved Ig1-2 interfaces form competing heterophilic contactin 1 - neurofascin 155 and homophilic neurofascin 155 complexes whereas contactin 1 forms low-affinity clusters through interfaces on Ig3-6. The structures explain how the heterophilic Ig1-Ig4 horseshoe's in the contactin 1 - neurofascin 155 complex define the 7.4 nm paranodal spacing and how the remaining six domains enable bridging of distinct intercellular distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M. P. Chataigner
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christos Gogou
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits A. den Boer
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands ,Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cátia P. Frias
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique M. E. Thies-Weesie
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Van’t Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute of Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joke C. M. Granneman
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J. R. Heck
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands ,Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimphna H. Meijer
- grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Bert J. C. Janssen
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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8
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Lam M, Takeo K, Almeida RG, Cooper MH, Wu K, Iyer M, Kantarci H, Zuchero JB. CNS myelination requires VAMP2/3-mediated membrane expansion in oligodendrocytes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5583. [PMID: 36151203 PMCID: PMC9508103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin is required for rapid nerve signaling and is emerging as a key driver of CNS plasticity and disease. How myelin is built and remodeled remains a fundamental question of neurobiology. Central to myelination is the ability of oligodendrocytes to add vast amounts of new cell membrane, expanding their surface areas by many thousand-fold. However, how oligodendrocytes add new membrane to build or remodel myelin is not fully understood. Here, we show that CNS myelin membrane addition requires exocytosis mediated by the vesicular SNARE proteins VAMP2/3. Genetic inactivation of VAMP2/3 in myelinating oligodendrocytes caused severe hypomyelination and premature death without overt loss of oligodendrocytes. Through live imaging, we discovered that VAMP2/3-mediated exocytosis drives membrane expansion within myelin sheaths to initiate wrapping and power sheath elongation. In conjunction with membrane expansion, mass spectrometry of oligodendrocyte surface proteins revealed that VAMP2/3 incorporates axon-myelin adhesion proteins that are collectively required to form nodes of Ranvier. Together, our results demonstrate that VAMP2/3-mediated membrane expansion in oligodendrocytes is indispensable for myelin formation, uncovering a cellular pathway that could sculpt myelination patterns in response to activity-dependent signals or be therapeutically targeted to promote regeneration in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mable Lam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Koji Takeo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rafael G Almeida
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Madeline H Cooper
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manasi Iyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Husniye Kantarci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - J Bradley Zuchero
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Pathophysiology of the Different Clinical Phenotypes of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010179. [PMID: 35008604 PMCID: PMC8745770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is the most common form of autoimmune polyneuropathy. It is a chronic disease and may be monophasic, progressive or recurrent with exacerbations and incomplete remissions, causing accumulating disability. In recent years, there has been rapid progress in understanding the background of CIDP, which allowed us to distinguish specific phenotypes of this disease. This in turn allowed us to better understand the mechanism of response or non-response to various forms of therapy. On the basis of a review of the relevant literature, the authors present the current state of knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of the different clinical phenotypes of CIDP as well as ongoing research in this field, with reference to key points of immune-mediated processes involved in the background of CIDP.
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10
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Malavasi EL, Ghosh A, Booth DG, Zagnoni M, Sherman DL, Brophy PJ. Dynamic early clusters of nodal proteins contribute to node of Ranvier assembly during myelination of peripheral neurons. eLife 2021; 10:68089. [PMID: 34240706 PMCID: PMC8289411 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels cluster in macromolecular complexes at nodes of Ranvier to promote rapid nerve impulse conduction in vertebrate nerves. Node assembly in peripheral nerves is thought to be initiated at heminodes at the extremities of myelinating Schwann cells, and fusion of heminodes results in the establishment of nodes. Here we show that assembly of 'early clusters' of nodal proteins in the murine axonal membrane precedes heminode formation. The neurofascin (Nfasc) proteins are essential for node assembly, and the formation of early clusters also requires neuronal Nfasc. Early clusters are mobile and their proteins are dynamically recruited by lateral diffusion. They can undergo fusion not only with each other but also with heminodes, thus contributing to the development of nodes in peripheral axons. The formation of early clusters constitutes the earliest stage in peripheral node assembly and expands the repertoire of strategies that have evolved to establish these essential structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Lv Malavasi
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Aniket Ghosh
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel G Booth
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Zagnoni
- Centre for Microsystems & Photonics, Dept. Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde, United Kingdom
| | - Diane L Sherman
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Brophy
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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11
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Mazuir E, Richevaux L, Nassar M, Robil N, de la Grange P, Lubetzki C, Fricker D, Sol-Foulon N. Oligodendrocyte Secreted Factors Shape Hippocampal GABAergic Neuron Transcriptome and Physiology. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:5024-5041. [PMID: 34023893 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes form myelin for central nervous system axons and release factors which signal to neurons during myelination. Here, we ask how oligodendroglial factors influence hippocampal GABAergic neuron physiology. In mixed hippocampal cultures, GABAergic neurons fired action potentials (APs) of short duration and received high frequencies of excitatory synaptic events. In purified neuronal cultures without glial cells, GABAergic neuron excitability increased and the frequency of synaptic events decreased. These effects were largely reversed by adding oligodendrocyte conditioned medium (OCM). We compared the transcriptomic signature with the electrophysiological phenotype of single neurons in these three culture conditions. Genes expressed by single pyramidal or GABAergic neurons largely conformed to expected cell-type specific patterns. Multiple genes of GABAergic neurons were significantly downregulated by the transition from mixed cultures containing glial cells to purified neuronal cultures. Levels of these genes were restored by the addition of OCM to purified cultures. Clustering genes with similar changes in expression between different culture conditions revealed processes affected by oligodendroglial factors. Enriched genes are linked to roles in synapse assembly, AP generation, and transmembrane ion transport, including of zinc. These results provide new insight into the molecular targets by which oligodendrocytes influence neuron excitability and synaptic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazuir
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Merie Nassar
- Université de Paris, INCC UMR 8002, CNRS, F-75006 Paris
| | | | | | - Catherine Lubetzki
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France.,Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Neurology Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Paris 75013, France
| | | | - Nathalie Sol-Foulon
- Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
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12
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Pantazou V, Roux T, Oliveira Moreira V, Lubetzki C, Desmazières A. Interaction between Neurons and the Oligodendroglial Lineage in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Preclinical Models. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:231. [PMID: 33799653 PMCID: PMC7999210 DOI: 10.3390/life11030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex central nervous system inflammatory disease leading to demyelination and associated functional deficits. Though endogenous remyelination exists, it is only partial and, with time, patients can enter a progressive phase of the disease, with neurodegeneration as a hallmark. Though major therapeutic advances have been made, with immunotherapies reducing relapse rate during the inflammatory phase of MS, there is presently no therapy available which significantly impacts disease progression. Remyelination has been shown to favor neuroprotection, and it is thus of major importance to better understand remyelination mechanisms in order to promote them and hence preserve neurons. A crucial point is how this process is regulated through the neuronal crosstalk with the oligodendroglial lineage. In this review, we present the current knowledge on neuron interaction with the oligodendroglial lineage, in physiological context as well as in MS and its experimental models. We further discuss the therapeutic possibilities resulting from this research field, which might allow to support remyelination and neuroprotection and thus limit MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Pantazou
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (V.P.); (T.R.); (V.O.M.); (C.L.)
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 46 Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Roux
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (V.P.); (T.R.); (V.O.M.); (C.L.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Neurology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Oliveira Moreira
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (V.P.); (T.R.); (V.O.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (V.P.); (T.R.); (V.O.M.); (C.L.)
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Neurology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Anne Desmazières
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Inserm, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; (V.P.); (T.R.); (V.O.M.); (C.L.)
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13
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Mazuir E, Fricker D, Sol-Foulon N. Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Communication in Myelination of Cortical GABAergic Cells. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:216. [PMID: 33803153 PMCID: PMC7999565 DOI: 10.3390/life11030216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal myelination by oligodendrocytes increases the speed and reliability of action potential propagation, and so plays a pivotal role in cortical information processing. The extent and profile of myelination vary between different cortical layers and groups of neurons. Two subtypes of cortical GABAergic neurons are myelinated: fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing cells and somatostatin-containing cells. The expression of pre-nodes on the axon of these inhibitory cells before myelination illuminates communication between oligodendrocytes and neurons. We explore the consequences of myelination for action potential propagation, for patterns of neuronal connectivity and for the expression of behavioral plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazuir
- Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Desdemona Fricker
- CNRS UMR 8002, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Sol-Foulon
- Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
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14
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Duncan GJ, Simkins TJ, Emery B. Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions in the Structure and Integrity of Axons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653101. [PMID: 33763430 PMCID: PMC7982542 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The myelination of axons by oligodendrocytes is a highly complex cell-to-cell interaction. Oligodendrocytes and axons have a reciprocal signaling relationship in which oligodendrocytes receive cues from axons that direct their myelination, and oligodendrocytes subsequently shape axonal structure and conduction. Oligodendrocytes are necessary for the maturation of excitatory domains on the axon including nodes of Ranvier, help buffer potassium, and support neuronal energy metabolism. Disruption of the oligodendrocyte-axon unit in traumatic injuries, Alzheimer's disease and demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis results in axonal dysfunction and can culminate in neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which demyelination and loss of oligodendrocytes compromise axons. We highlight the intra-axonal cascades initiated by demyelination that can result in irreversible axonal damage. Both the restoration of oligodendrocyte myelination or neuroprotective therapies targeting these intra-axonal cascades are likely to have therapeutic potential in disorders in which oligodendrocyte support of axons is disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg J Duncan
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Tyrell J Simkins
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Neurology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Ben Emery
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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15
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Kalafatakis I, Savvaki M, Velona T, Karagogeos D. Implication of Contactins in Demyelinating Pathologies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11010051. [PMID: 33451101 PMCID: PMC7828632 DOI: 10.3390/life11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Demyelinating pathologies comprise of a variety of conditions where either central or peripheral myelin is attacked, resulting in white matter lesions and neurodegeneration. Myelinated axons are organized into molecularly distinct domains, and this segregation is crucial for their proper function. These defined domains are differentially affected at the different stages of demyelination as well as at the lesion and perilesion sites. Among the main players in myelinated axon organization are proteins of the contactin (CNTN) group of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) of cell adhesion molecules, namely Contactin-1 and Contactin-2 (CNTN1, CNTN2). The two contactins perform their functions through intermolecular interactions, which are crucial for myelinated axon integrity and functionality. In this review, we focus on the implication of these two molecules as well as their interactors in demyelinating pathologies in humans. At first, we describe the organization and function of myelinated axons in the central (CNS) and the peripheral (PNS) nervous system, further analyzing the role of CNTN1 and CNTN2 as well as their interactors in myelination. In the last section, studies showing the correlation of the two contactins with demyelinating pathologies are reviewed, highlighting the importance of these recognition molecules in shaping the function of the nervous system in multiple ways.
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16
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Assembly and Function of the Juxtaparanodal Kv1 Complex in Health and Disease. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:life11010008. [PMID: 33374190 PMCID: PMC7824554 DOI: 10.3390/life11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise axonal distribution of specific potassium channels is known to secure the shape and frequency of action potentials in myelinated fibers. The low-threshold voltage-gated Kv1 channels located at the axon initial segment have a significant influence on spike initiation and waveform. Their role remains partially understood at the juxtaparanodes where they are trapped under the compact myelin bordering the nodes of Ranvier in physiological conditions. However, the exposure of Kv1 channels in de- or dys-myelinating neuropathy results in alteration of saltatory conduction. Moreover, cell adhesion molecules associated with the Kv1 complex, including Caspr2, Contactin2, and LGI1, are target antigens in autoimmune diseases associated with hyperexcitability such as encephalitis, neuromyotonia, or neuropathic pain. The clustering of Kv1.1/Kv1.2 channels at the axon initial segment and juxtaparanodes is based on interactions with cell adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal linkers. This review will focus on the trafficking and assembly of the axonal Kv1 complex in the peripheral and central nervous system (PNS and CNS), during development, and in health and disease.
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17
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Abstract
The nodes of Ranvier have clustered Na+ and K+ channels necessary for rapid and efficient axonal action potential conduction. However, detailed mechanisms of channel clustering have only recently been identified: they include two independent axon-glia interactions that converge on distinct axonal cytoskeletons. Here, we discuss how glial cell adhesion molecules and the extracellular matrix molecules that bind them assemble combinations of ankyrins, spectrins and other cytoskeletal scaffolding proteins, which cluster ion channels. We present a detailed molecular model, incorporating these overlapping mechanisms, to explain how the nodes of Ranvier are assembled in both the peripheral and central nervous systems.
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18
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Bizzoca A, Caracciolo M, Corsi P, Magrone T, Jirillo E, Gennarini G. Molecular and Cellular Substrates for the Friedreich Ataxia. Significance of Contactin Expression and of Antioxidant Administration. Molecules 2020; 25:E4085. [PMID: 32906751 PMCID: PMC7570916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the neural phenotype is explored in rodent models of the spinocerebellar disorder known as the Friedreich Ataxia (FA), which results from mutations within the gene encoding the Frataxin mitochondrial protein. For this, the M12 line, bearing a targeted mutation, which disrupts the Frataxin gene exon 4 was used, together with the M02 line, which, in addition, is hemizygous for the human Frataxin gene mutation (Pook transgene), implying the occurrence of 82-190 GAA repeats within its first intron. The mutant mice phenotype was compared to the one of wild type littermates in regions undergoing differential profiles of neurogenesis, including the cerebellar cortex and the spinal cord by using neuronal (β-tubulin) and glial (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) markers as well as the Contactin 1 axonal glycoprotein, involved in neurite growth control. Morphological/morphometric analyses revealed that while in Frataxin mutant mice the neuronal phenotype was significantly counteracted, a glial upregulation occurred at the same time. Furthermore, Contactin 1 downregulation suggested that changes in the underlying gene contributed to the disorder pathogenesis. Therefore, the FA phenotype implies an alteration of the developmental profile of neuronal and glial precursors. Finally, epigallocatechin gallate polyphenol administration counteracted the disorder, indicating protective effects of antioxidant administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gianfranco Gennarini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Medical School, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11. I-70124 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (M.C.); (P.C.); (T.M.); (E.J.)
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19
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Lubetzki C, Sol-Foulon N, Desmazières A. Nodes of Ranvier during development and repair in the CNS. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:426-439. [DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0375-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Accumulation of Neurofascin at Nodes of Ranvier Is Regulated by a Paranodal Switch. J Neurosci 2020; 40:5709-5723. [PMID: 32554548 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0830-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The paranodal junctions flank mature nodes of Ranvier and provide a barrier between ion channels at the nodes and juxtaparanodes. These junctions also promote node assembly and maintenance by mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here, we examine their role in the accumulation of NF186, a key adhesion molecule of PNS and CNS nodes. We previously showed that NF186 is initially targeted/accumulates via its ectodomain to forming PNS (hemi)nodes by diffusion trapping, whereas it is later targeted to mature nodes by a transport-dependent mechanism mediated by its cytoplasmic segment. To address the role of the paranodes in this switch, we compared accumulation of NF186 ectodomain and cytoplasmic domain constructs in WT versus paranode defective (i.e., Caspr-null) mice. Both pathways are affected in the paranodal mutants. In the PNS of Caspr-null mice, diffusion trapping mediated by the NF186 ectodomain aberrantly persists into adulthood, whereas the cytoplasmic domain/transport-dependent targeting is impaired. In contrast, accumulation of NF186 at CNS nodes does not undergo a switch; it is predominantly targeted to both forming and mature CNS nodes via its cytoplasmic domain and requires intact paranodes. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis indicates that the paranodes provide a membrane diffusion barrier that normally precludes diffusion of NF186 to nodes. Linkage of paranodal proteins to the underlying cytoskeleton likely contributes to this diffusion barrier based on 4.1B and βII spectrin expression in Caspr-null mice. Together, these results implicate the paranodes as membrane diffusion barriers that regulate targeting to nodes and highlight differences in the assembly of PNS and CNS nodes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nodes of Ranvier are essential for effective saltatory conduction along myelinated axons. A major question is how the various axonal proteins that comprise the multimeric nodal complex accumulate at this site. Here we examine how targeting of NF186, a key nodal adhesion molecule, is regulated by the flanking paranodal junctions. We show that the transition from diffusion-trapping to transport-dependent accumulation of NF186 requires the paranodal junctions. We also demonstrate that these junctions are a barrier to diffusion of axonal proteins into the node and highlight differences in PNS and CNS node assembly. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of node assembly and the pathophysiology of neurologic disorders in which impaired paranodal function contributes to clinical disability.
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21
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Thetiot M, Freeman SA, Roux T, Dubessy AL, Aigrot MS, Rappeneau Q, Lejeune FX, Tailleur J, Sol-Foulon N, Lubetzki C, Desmazieres A. An alternative mechanism of early nodal clustering and myelination onset in GABAergic neurons of the central nervous system. Glia 2020; 68:1891-1909. [PMID: 32119167 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, fast saltatory conduction along myelinated axons relies on the node of Ranvier. How nodes assemble on CNS neurons is not yet fully understood. We previously described that node-like clusters can form prior to myelin deposition in hippocampal GABAergic neurons and are associated with increased conduction velocity. Here, we used a live imaging approach to characterize the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the assembly of these clusters prior to myelination. We first demonstrated that their components can partially preassemble prior to membrane targeting and determined the molecular motors involved in their trafficking. We then demonstrated the key role of the protein β2Nav for node-like clustering initiation. We further assessed the fate of these clusters when myelination proceeds. Our results shed light on the intrinsic mechanisms involved in node-like clustering prior to myelination and unravel a potential role of these clusters in node of Ranvier formation and in guiding myelination onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Thetiot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sean A Freeman
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Roux
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laure Dubessy
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Stéphane Aigrot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Rappeneau
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - François-Xavier Lejeune
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Julien Tailleur
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, MSC, UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Sol-Foulon
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Anne Desmazieres
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM-GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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22
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Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Peles E. The clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels in various excitable membranes. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 81:427-437. [PMID: 31859465 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In excitable membranes, the clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) serves to enhance excitability at critical sites. The two most profoundly studied sites of channel clustering are the axon initial segment, where action potentials are generated and the node of Ranvier, where action potentials propagate along myelinated axons. The clustering of VGSC is found, however, in other highly excitable sites such as axonal terminals, postsynaptic membranes of dendrites and muscle fibers, and pre-myelinated axons. In this review, different examples of axonal as well as non-axonal clustering of VGSC are discussed and the underlying mechanisms are compared. Whether the clustering of channels is intrinsically or extrinsically induced, it depends on the submembranous actin-based cytoskeleton that organizes these highly specialized membrane microdomains through specific adaptor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Eshed-Eisenbach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elior Peles
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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23
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Dubessy AL, Mazuir E, Rappeneau Q, Ou S, Abi Ghanem C, Piquand K, Aigrot MS, Thétiot M, Desmazières A, Chan E, Fitzgibbon M, Fleming M, Krauss R, Zalc B, Ranscht B, Lubetzki C, Sol-Foulon N. Role of a Contactin multi-molecular complex secreted by oligodendrocytes in nodal protein clustering in the CNS. Glia 2019; 67:2248-2263. [PMID: 31328333 PMCID: PMC6851800 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The fast and reliable propagation of action potentials along myelinated fibers relies on the clustering of voltage‐gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier. Axo‐glial communication is required for assembly of nodal proteins in the central nervous system, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Oligodendrocytes are known to support node of Ranvier assembly through paranodal junction formation. In addition, the formation of early nodal protein clusters (or prenodes) along axons prior to myelination has been reported, and can be induced by oligodendrocyte conditioned medium (OCM). Our recent work on cultured hippocampal neurons showed that OCM‐induced prenodes are associated with an increased conduction velocity (Freeman et al., 2015). We here unravel the nature of the oligodendroglial secreted factors. Mass spectrometry analysis of OCM identified several candidate proteins (i.e., Contactin‐1, ChL1, NrCAM, Noelin2, RPTP/Phosphacan, and Tenascin‐R). We show that Contactin‐1 combined with RPTP/Phosphacan or Tenascin‐R induces clusters of nodal proteins along hippocampal GABAergic axons. Furthermore, Contactin‐1‐immunodepleted OCM or OCM from Cntn1‐null mice display significantly reduced clustering activity, that is restored by addition of soluble Contactin‐1. Altogether, our results identify Contactin‐1 secreted by oligodendrocytes as a novel factor that may influence early steps of nodal sodium channel cluster formation along specific axon populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Dubessy
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Mazuir
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Rappeneau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Sokounthie Ou
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Charly Abi Ghanem
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Kevin Piquand
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Stéphane Aigrot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Melina Thétiot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Anne Desmazières
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Eric Chan
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Mark Fleming
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raul Krauss
- Disarm Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bernard Zalc
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Ranscht
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Catherine Lubetzki
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Sol-Foulon
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Paris, France
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