1
|
Pandita S, Garg K, Zhang J, Mobbs D. Three roots of online toxicity: disembodiment, accountability, and disinhibition. Trends Cogn Sci 2024; 28:814-828. [PMID: 38981777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Online communication is central to modern social life, yet it is often linked to toxic manifestations and reduced well-being. How and why online communication enables these toxic social effects remains unanswered. In this opinion, we propose three roots of online toxicity: disembodiment, limited accountability, and disinhibition. We suggest that virtual disembodiment results in a chain of psychological states primed for deleterious social interaction. Drawing from differences between face-to-face and online interactions, the framework highlights and addresses the fundamental problems that result in impaired communication between individuals and explicates its effects on social toxicity online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Pandita
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences and Computation, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Ketika Garg
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences and Computation, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jiajin Zhang
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences and Computation, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Dean Mobbs
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences and Computation, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Neural Systems Program at the California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, HSS 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li H, Guo Q, Hu P. Moral disengagement, self-control and callous-unemotional traits as predictors of cyberbullying: a moderated mediation model. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:247. [PMID: 37626425 PMCID: PMC10463332 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyberbullying has become more prevalent, more difficult to detect, and more harmful to the victims. Whereas considerable prior work has investigated predictors and consequences of cyberbullying, additional research is needed to better understand the mechanisms by which these factors relate to cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. The goal of the present study was to examine the extent to which the link between individual differences in moral disengagement and cyberbullying perpetration is mediated by low self-control and, if so, whether this mediation effect varies by individuals' degree of callous-unemotional traits. METHOD To explore these questions, we used cyberbullying, moral disengagement, self-control, and callous-unemotional traits scales and collected online survey data from a sample of 860 Chinese internet users aged 18 years old or older. RESULT As hypothesized, a significant positive relation between moral disengagement and cyberbullying emerged that was mediated by individual differences in self-control. Additionally, evidence of moderated mediation was found. That is, the indirect effect varied by degree of callous-unemotional traits, with a significantly stronger mediation effect (and association between self-control and cyberbullying) for individuals who were relatively higher in callous-unemotional traits. CONCLUSION We conclude that moral disengagement partially predicts cyberbullying through self-control, while callous-unemotional traits moderate the pathway between self-control and cyberbullying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haojian Li
- School of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, United States of America
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Haidian district, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, Haidian district, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nagata JM, Chu J, Ganson KT, Murray SB, Iyer P, Gabriel KP, Garber AK, Bibbins-Domingo K, Baker FC. Contemporary screen time modalities and disruptive behavior disorders in children: a prospective cohort study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:125-135. [PMID: 35881083 PMCID: PMC9771898 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated associations between screen time and disruptive behavior disorders (conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder); however, prospective associations remain unknown. This study's objective was to determine the prospective associations of contemporary screen time modalities with conduct and oppositional defiant disorder in a national cohort of 9-11-year-old children. METHODS We analyzed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 11,875). Modified Poisson regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between baseline child-reported screen time (total and by modality) and parent-reported conduct or oppositional defiant disorder based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS-5) at 1-year follow-up, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Participants reported an average of 4 hr of total screen time per day at baseline. Each hour of total screen time per day was prospectively associated with a 7% higher prevalence of conduct disorder (95% CI 1.03-1.11) and a 5% higher prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder (95% CI 1.03-1.08) at 1-year follow-up. Each hour of social media per day was associated with a 62% higher prevalence of conduct disorder (95% CI 1.39-1.87). Each hour of video chat (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.21, 95% CI 1.06-1.37), texting (PR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07-1.33), television/movies (PR 1.17, 95% CI 1.10-1.25), and video games (PR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.21) per day was associated with a higher prevalence of the oppositional defiant disorder. When examining thresholds, exposure to >4 hr of total screen time per day was associated with a higher prevalence of conduct disorder (69%) and oppositional defiant disorder (46%). CONCLUSIONS Higher screen time was prospectively associated with a higher prevalence of new-onset disruptive behavior disorders. The strongest association was between social media and conduct disorder, indicating that future research and interventions may focus on social media platforms to prevent conduct disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Nagata
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Chu
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kyle T. Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart B. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Puja Iyer
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Andrea K. Garber
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Fiona C. Baker
- Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Lin Y, Liu J, Zhang G, Hou X, Pan Z, Dai B. Relationship between behavioral inhibition/activation system and Internet addiction among Chinese college students: The mediating effects of intolerance of uncertainty and self-control and gender differences. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1047036. [PMID: 36644769 PMCID: PMC9832708 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internet addiction is a global public health issue among college students that is associated with a range of negative outcomes. Especially the COVID-19 pandemic has forced them to shift most of their studies and life activities from offline to online, leading to a growing problem of Internet dependence and even Internet addiction. Although previous studies have indicated that the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation System (BIS/BAS) have important effects on college students' Internet addiction, the mechanisms underlying these associations and gender differences are still unclear. Aims The present study investigated the mediating roles of intolerance of uncertainty and self-control in the association between BIS/BAS and Internet addiction following the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model. Gender differences in such associations between variables were also tested. Method A total of 747 Chinese college students were surveyed by using Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction, BIS/BAS Scales, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and the Brief Self-Control Scale. Results The results from the structural equation modeling analysis showed that BIS was positively related to Internet addiction and that BAS had a negative association with Internet addiction. Moreover, intolerance of uncertainty and self-control mediated the relationships between BIS/BAS and Internet addiction. Multi-group analysis further revealed that the associations between BAS and Internet addiction and between intolerance of uncertainty and Internet addiction were stronger among the male students than among female students. The relationship between self-control and Internet addiction was greater in the female sample than in the male sample. Conclusions These findings extend our understanding of how BIS/BAS influence Internet addiction among college students and suggest that not only should training approaches based on intolerance of uncertainty and self-control be fully considered, but different intervention programs should be focused on gender sensitivity to maximize the intervention effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Transplantation Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowen Hou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zequan Pan
- School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Zequan Pan
| | - Bibing Dai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Bibing Dai
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Can Your Smartphone Make You a Tourist? Mine Does: Understanding the Consumer’s Adoption Mechanism for Mobile Payment System. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/4904686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Payment through mobile phones is a vital breakthrough in the arena of online businesses and e-commerce. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants, enablers, and barriers involved in the success or failure of the mobile payment system (MPS) for the travel industry. The study employs the constructs operationalized from coping theory, unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT 2), and innovation resistance theory (IRT). The data has been collected from the 378 travelers who have used MPS for travel bookings for the first time. The customers of various travel agencies have been approached using an online questionnaire. Data has been analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 26. The analysis revealed several interesting findings. All of the direct hypotheses for coping theory constructs were accepted except for the mediating role of satisfaction. However, the factors of UTAUT 2 and IRT revealed very thought-provoking findings, questioning various obvious perceptions. The findings of the study can be used by the media agencies, hotels, and travel and tourism departments of the governments, especially in the context of developing nations.
Collapse
|
6
|
Naik N, Hameed BMZ, Sooriyaperakasam N, Vinayahalingam S, Patil V, Smriti K, Saxena J, Shah M, Ibrahim S, Singh A, Karimi H, Naganathan K, Shetty DK, Rai BP, Chlosta P, Somani BK. Transforming healthcare through a digital revolution: A review of digital healthcare technologies and solutions. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:919985. [PMID: 35990014 PMCID: PMC9385947 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.919985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on the entire global healthcare infrastructure. The pandemic has necessitated the re-invention, re-organization, and transformation of the healthcare system. The resurgence of new COVID-19 virus variants in several countries and the infection of a larger group of communities necessitate a rapid strategic shift. Governments, non-profit, and other healthcare organizations have all proposed various digital solutions. It's not clear whether these digital solutions are adaptable, functional, effective, or reliable. With the disease becoming more and more prevalent, many countries are looking for assistance and implementation of digital technologies to combat COVID-19. Digital health technologies for COVID-19 pandemic management, surveillance, contact tracing, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention will be discussed in this paper to ensure that healthcare is delivered effectively. Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, telemedicine, robotic solutions, Internet of Things (IoT), digital platforms for communication (DC), computer vision, computer audition (CA), digital data management solutions (blockchain), digital imaging are premiering to assist healthcare workers (HCW's) with solutions that include case base surveillance, information dissemination, disinfection, and remote consultations, along with many other such interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithesh Naik
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - B. M. Zeeshan Hameed
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Urology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Vathsala Patil
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Smriti
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Janhavi Saxena
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Milap Shah
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Robotics and Urooncology, Max Hospital and Max Institute of Cancer Care, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufyan Ibrahim
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Hadis Karimi
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Dasharathraj K. Shetty
- Department of Data Science and Computer Applications, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhavan Prasad Rai
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Chlosta
- Department of Urology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bhaskar K. Somani
- iTRUE (International Training and Research in Uro-Oncology and Endourology) Group, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alshare KA, Moqbel M, Merhi MI. The double-edged sword of social media usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: demographical and cultural analyses. JOURNAL OF ENTERPRISE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jeim-07-2021-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis exploratory research aims to (1) investigate the bright and dark sides of social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) explore the impact of demographic factors on social media usage; and (3) assess the effects of cultural dimensions on social media usage.Design/methodology/approachThe data are collected through an online survey. Factors derived from grounded theories and models such as affordance theory and Hofstede's cultural framework were considered. Spearman correlation and nonparametric analysis were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results revealed that social media usage was positively associated with healing and affiliation, and negatively associated with self-control. There are also positive associations between social media usage and sharing information related to COVID-19 without verification, perceived reliability of COVID-19 information on social media and relapse. The impact of demographic and cultural factors indicated significant effects of gender, age, marital status, educational level, power distance and collectivism on social media usage, sharing information, perceived information reliability, healing and affiliation.Originality/valueThis study contributes to technology affordances by examining social media's positive and negative affordances in a new context (COVID-19 pandemic). From the positive side, this study explores the use of social media for healing and affiliation. As for the negative impact of social media during the pandemic, this study assesses the user's addiction to social media use (relapse) and perception of the social media information reliability and information sharing without verification. It is among few research endeavors conducted in a non-Western country. This study also examines the influence of demographic and cultural factors on social media users. The results provide insights for both researchers and policymakers regarding social media usage.
Collapse
|
8
|
Waris I, Hameed I. Modeling teachers acceptance of learning management system in higher education during COVID-19 pandemic: A developing country perspective. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS 2022; 23:e2821. [PMID: 35937032 PMCID: PMC9347442 DOI: 10.1002/pa.2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of the World Wide Web has provided massive opportunities to teachers and learners around the globe to share knowledge anytime anywhere via learning management system. Hence, considering the needs of the students; universities have arranged the facilities of the learning management system. This study is an empirical evaluation of university faculty members' intention to use a learning management system. We extended Davis's (1989) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to evaluate faculty members' intention to use learning management system amid COVID-19. Data were obtained from the faculty members of Pakistani universities through the convenience sampling technique and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The outcomes of the study revealed that perceived ease of using a learning management system, user-interface design, and faculty members' innovativeness have a favorable impact on their intention to use learning management system. Facilitating conditions positively influenced intention to use learning management system. However, the positive relationship between facilitating conditions and perceived ease of using the learning management system was insignificant. The results indicate that the extended TAM model has effectively predicted faculty members' intention to use the learning management system. The findings of the current study can be used for the training and development of faculty members by institutions and regulatory bodies in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idrees Waris
- Department of Management SciencesUniversity of TurbatTurbatPakistan
| | - Irfan Hameed
- College of Business ManagementInstitute of Business ManagementKarachiPakistan
| |
Collapse
|