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Noori E, Hashemi N, Rezaee D, Maleki R, Shams F, Kazemi B, Bandepour M, Rahimi F. Potential therapeutic options for celiac Disease: An update on Current evidence from Gluten-Free diet to cell therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112020. [PMID: 38608449 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy and multifactorial disease caused by inappropriate immune responses to gluten in the small intestine. Weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and hepatitis are among the extraintestinal manifestations of active CD. Currently, a strict lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only safe, effective, and available treatment. Despite the social burden, high expenses, and challenges of following a GFD, 2 to 5 percent of patients do not demonstrate clinical or pathophysiological improvement. Therefore, we need novel and alternative therapeutic approaches for patients. Innovative approaches encompass a broad spectrum of strategies, including enzymatic degradation of gluten, inhibition of intestinal permeability, modulation of the immune response, inhibition of the transglutaminase 2 (TG2) enzyme, blocking antigen presentation by HLA-DQ2/8, and induction of tolerance. Hence, this review is focused on comprehensive therapeutic strategies ranging from dietary approaches to novel methods such as antigen-based immunotherapy, cell and gene therapy, and the usage of nanoparticles for CD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Noori
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nader Hashemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delsuz Rezaee
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Maleki
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Forough Shams
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahram Kazemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandepour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Li B, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Zheng T, Li Q, Yang S, Shao J, Guan W, Zhang S. Nutritional strategies to reduce intestinal cell apoptosis by alleviating oxidative stress. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae023. [PMID: 38626282 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut barrier is the first line of defense against harmful substances and pathogens in the intestinal tract. The balance of proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosa and its function. However, oxidative stress and inflammation can cause DNA damage and abnormal apoptosis of the IECs, leading to the disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier. This, in turn, can directly or indirectly cause various acute and chronic intestinal diseases. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the vital role of dietary ingredients in gut health. Studies have shown that certain amino acids, fibers, vitamins, and polyphenols in the diet can protect IECs from excessive apoptosis caused by oxidative stress, and limit intestinal inflammation. This review aims to describe the molecular mechanism of apoptosis and its relationship with intestinal function, and to discuss the modulation of IECs' physiological function, the intestinal epithelial barrier, and gut health by various nutrients. The findings of this review may provide a theoretical basis for the use of nutritional interventions in clinical intestinal disease research and animal production, ultimately leading to improved human and animal intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzi Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tenghui Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwang Yang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Shao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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He X, Zhang W, Feng P, Mai Z, Gong X, Zhang G. Role of Surface Coverage of Sessile Probiotics in Their Interplay with Pathogen Bacteria Investigated by Digital Holographic Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17308-17317. [PMID: 37974298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of probiotics plays an important role in the gastrointestinal tract. Understanding the effect of the coverage of colonized probiotics on enteric pathogens is critical for the design of effective probiotic therapies. In the present work, we have investigated the adaptive behaviors of the intestinal pathogenic bacteria Enterobacter sakazakii (ES) near the surfaces coated with a probiotic─Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as a function of surface coverage ratio (CRLGG) by using a home-setup digital holographic microscopy. It shows that ES cells can adaptively sense LGG within a distance of 4.2 μm, even at CRLGG values as low as 0.05%. The growth inhibition of ES cells slightly varies with CRLGG, but the near-surface acceleration and accumulation of ES cells have much dependence on CRLGG. As CRLGG increases from 0.05 to 24.6%, the percentage of actively swimming ES, the motion bias, the acceleration, and the interplay duration do not linearly vary with CRLGG. Instead, each of them shows an extreme at CRLGG of 13.4%, corresponding to the chemotaxis behaviors of ES cells induced by diffusing stimuli (organic acids, bacteriocins, etc.) released from LGG, which showed an extreme concentration gradient at CRLGG = 13.4% by simulations. Our study clearly demonstrates that surface coverage of sessile probiotics profoundly influences their interplay with pathogen bacteria, which should be taken into account in designing probiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong He
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Pu Feng
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Mai
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Belei O, Jugănaru I, Basaca DG, Munteanu AI, Mărginean O. The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Celiac Disease and Further Therapeutic Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2039. [PMID: 37895421 PMCID: PMC10608277 DOI: 10.3390/life13102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy caused by exposure to gluten and related prolamins in genetically susceptible individuals. It is a complex genetic disorder with multiple contributing genes. Linkage studies have identified several genomic regions that probably contain CD susceptibility genes. The most important genetic factors are HLA-DQ2 and DQ8. Several known environmental triggers promote the onset of CD at any age after gluten introduction in individuals with a genetic background, such as viral infections and intestinal dysbiosis. Recent publications have described the interference of the intestinal microbiome in gluten metabolism, modulation of local immune reactions, and in maintaining normal gut permeability. These results have promoted further lines of research on the benefit of probiotic administration to prevent disease onset or alleviate clinical symptoms along with a gluten-free diet (GFD). The relationship between gut microbiome changes and the onset of CD is incompletely understood, still being the subject of current research. This narrative review analyzes the interplay between environmental factors, intestinal microbiome alterations, and the course of CD. Furthermore, this review sets out to discuss if modulation of intestinal microflora with pre- and probiotics along with a GFD could represent a reliable therapeutic target for celiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Belei
- First Pediatric Clinic, Disturbances of Growth and Development on Children Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (O.B.); (D.-G.B.); (A.I.M.); (O.M.)
- First Pediatric Clinic, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Iulius Jugănaru
- First Pediatric Clinic, Disturbances of Growth and Development on Children Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (O.B.); (D.-G.B.); (A.I.M.); (O.M.)
- First Pediatric Clinic, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Diana-Georgiana Basaca
- First Pediatric Clinic, Disturbances of Growth and Development on Children Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (O.B.); (D.-G.B.); (A.I.M.); (O.M.)
- First Pediatric Clinic, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Ioan Munteanu
- First Pediatric Clinic, Disturbances of Growth and Development on Children Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (O.B.); (D.-G.B.); (A.I.M.); (O.M.)
- First Pediatric Clinic, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Otilia Mărginean
- First Pediatric Clinic, Disturbances of Growth and Development on Children Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (O.B.); (D.-G.B.); (A.I.M.); (O.M.)
- First Pediatric Clinic, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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5
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Freguia CF, Pascual DW, Fanger GR. Sjögren's Syndrome Treatments in the Microbiome Era. ADVANCES IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE AND RESEARCH 2023; 5:e230004. [PMID: 37323129 PMCID: PMC10270702 DOI: 10.20900/agmr20230004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in acinar epithelial cell atrophy, cell death, and loss of exocrine function. At least half of SS patients develop extraglandular inflammatory disease and have a wide range of systemic clinical manifestations that can affect any organ system, including connective tissues. As many as 3.1 million people in the U.S. suffer from SS, a disease that causes severe impairment. Women are nine times more likely than men to be affected by this condition. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective treatment for SS, and the available options only provide partial relief. Treatment involves using replacement therapies such as artificial saliva and eye lubricants, or immunosuppressive agents that have limited efficacy. The medical community recognizes that there is a significant need for more effective treatments for SS. Increasing evidence demonstrates the links between the dysfunction of the human microbial community and the onset and development of many human diseases, signifying the potential use of microorganisms as an alternative strategy to conquer these issues. The role of the microbiome in controlling immune function of the human host in the context of autoimmune diseases like SS is now becoming better understood and may help to enable new drug development strategies. Natural probiotics and synthetic biology applications hold promise for novel treatment approaches to solve the encryption of many complex and multifactorial immune disorders, like SS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David W. Pascual
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gary R. Fanger
- Rise Therapeutics, 1405 Research Blvd., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Singh NK, Beckett JM, Kalpurath K, Ishaq M, Ahmad T, Eri RD. Synbiotics as Supplemental Therapy for the Alleviation of Chemotherapy-Associated Symptoms in Patients with Solid Tumours. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071759. [PMID: 37049599 PMCID: PMC10096799 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is still the first line of treatment for most cancer patients. Patients receiving chemotherapy are generally prone to infections, which result in complications, such as sepsis, mucositis, colitis, and diarrhoea. Several nutritional approaches have been trialled to counter the chemotherapy-associated side effects in cancer patients, but none have yet been approved for routine clinical use. One of the approaches to reduce or avoid chemotherapy-associated complications is to restore the gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is essential for the healthy functioning of the immune system, metabolism, and the regulation of other molecular responses in the body. Chemotherapy erodes the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract and results in the loss of gut microbiota. One of the ways to restore the gut microbiota is through the use of probiotics. Probiotics are the ‘good’ bacteria that may provide health benefits if consumed in appropriate amounts. Some studies have highlighted that the consumption of probiotics in combination with prebiotics, known as synbiotics, may provide better health benefits when compared to probiotics alone. This review discusses the different nutritional approaches that have been studied in an attempt to combat chemotherapy-associated side effects in cancer patients with a particular focus on the use of pre-, pro- and synbiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K. Singh
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M. Beckett
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Krishnakumar Kalpurath
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
- Mersey Community Hospital, Latrobe 7307, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ishaq
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
| | - Rajaraman D. Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston 7248, Australia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, Australia
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7
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Protective Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum SC-5 on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040897. [PMID: 36832972 PMCID: PMC9957050 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a specific immune-associated intestinal disease. At present, the conventional treatment for patients is not ideal. Probiotics are widely used in the treatment of IBD patients due to their ability to restore the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier effectively and safely. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum is a kind of probiotic that exists in the intestines of hosts and is considered to have good probiotic properties. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum SC-5 (SC-5) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice. We estimated the effect of SC-5 on the clinical symptoms of mice through a body weight change, colon length, and DAI score. The inhibitory effects of SC-5 on the levels of cytokine IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. The protein expression levels of NF-κB, MAPK signaling pathway, and the tight junction proteins occludin, claudin-3, and ZO-1 were verified using Western Blot and immunofluorescence. 16S rRNA was used to verify the modulatory effect of SC-5 on the structure of intestinal microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice. The results showed that SC-5 could alleviate the clinical symptoms of DSS-induced colitis mice, and significantly reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the colon tissue. It also attenuated the inflammatory response by inhibiting the protein expression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. SC-5 improved the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier by strengthening tight junction proteins. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that SC-5 was effective in restoring intestinal flora balance, as well as in increasing the relative abundance and diversity of beneficial microbiota. These results indicated that SC-5 has the potential to be developed as a new probiotic candidate that prevents or alleviates IBD.
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8
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Kunyeit L, Rao RP, Anu-Appaiah KA. Yeasts originating from fermented foods, their potential as probiotics and therapeutic implication for human health and disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6660-6671. [PMID: 36728916 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2172546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Yeasts derived from fermented foods have historically been known for their organoleptic properties, enriching nutritional values, and producing bioactive metabolites with therapeutic potential. In this review, we discuss the yeast flora in fermented foods, their functional aspects in fermentation, as well as their probiotic and biotherapeutic properties. These yeasts have numerous physical and biochemical characteristics, such as larger cells as compared to bacteria, a rigid cell wall composed primarily of glucans and mannans, natural resistance to antibiotics, and the secretion of secondary metabolites that are both pleasing to the consumer and beneficial to the host's health and well-being. The review also focused on therapeutic applications of probiotic yeasts derived from fermented foods on infections associated with Candida species. These potential probiotic yeasts present an additional avenue to treat dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and prevent health complications that arise from opportunistic fungal colonization, especially drug-resistant superbugs, which are highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lohith Kunyeit
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reeta P Rao
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K A Anu-Appaiah
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
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Huang YY, Liang YT, Wu JM, Wu WT, Liu XT, Ye TT, Chen XR, Zeng XA, Manzoor MF, Wang LH. Advances in the Study of Probiotics for Immunomodulation and Intervention in Food Allergy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031242. [PMID: 36770908 PMCID: PMC9919562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are a serious food safety and public health issue. Soybean, dairy, aquatic, poultry, and nut products are common allergens inducing allergic reactions and adverse symptoms such as atopic dermatitis, allergic eczema, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Probiotics are assumed as an essential ingredient in maintaining intestinal microorganisms' composition. They have unique physiological roles and therapeutic effects in maintaining the mucosal barrier, immune function, and gastrointestinal tract, inhibiting the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, and preventing diarrhea and food allergies. Multiple pieces of evidence reveal a significant disruptive effect of probiotics on food allergy pathology and progression mechanisms. Thus, this review describes the allergenic proteins as an entry point and briefly describes the application of probiotics in allergenic foods. Then, the role of probiotics in preventing and curing allergic diseases by regulating human immunity through intestinal flora and intestinal barrier, modulating host immune active cells, and improving host amino acid metabolism are described in detail. The anti-allergic role of probiotics in the function and metabolism of the gastrointestinal tract has been comprehensively explored to furnish insights for relieving food allergy symptoms and preventing food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yan-Tong Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Jia-Min Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Wei-Tong Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Xin-Tong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Correspondence: (X.-A.Z.); (M.F.M.); (L.-H.W.)
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Correspondence: (X.-A.Z.); (M.F.M.); (L.-H.W.)
| | - Lang-Hong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- Correspondence: (X.-A.Z.); (M.F.M.); (L.-H.W.)
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10
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Ajlouni S, Hossain MN, Tang Z. Prebiotic Functions of Konjac Root Powder in Chocolate Milk Enriched with Free and Encapsulated Lactic Acid Bacteria. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122433. [PMID: 36557687 PMCID: PMC9785503 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the prebiotic functions of Konjac root powder (KRP) when added to chocolate milk (ChM) enriched with 2% of free or microencapsulated lactic acid bacteria (FLAB or ELAB). The effects of different concentrations of KRP (0%, 2% and 4%) and refrigerated storage time on the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of this chocolate milk were examined. The results show that pH significantly declined (p < 0.05), while titratable acidity increased in all ChM samples with KRP and FLAB or ELAB during refrigerated storage. The pH values ranged from 6.0 ± 0.03 in samples enriched ELAB and 4% KRP to 6.33 ± 0.03 in ChM enriched with FLAB and 2% KRP. Viscosity of ChM was affected mainly by the added amounts of KRP and storage time. The largest viscosity (5500 cP) was observed in all samples containing 4% KPR on day zero and decreased significantly (p < 0.05) over storage time to reach 2800 cP in ChM samples containing 0% LAB and 4% KRP after 21 days of storage. Changes in LAB counts proved the initial hypothesis that KRP could act as prebiotics in the presence of LAB using chocolate milk as a carrier. The initial LAB counts in inoculated samples on day zero of refrigeration storage were not significantly different (p > 0.05) among all treatments. However, ChM enriched with 2% and 4% KRP and ELAB revealed significantly (p < 0.05) larger LAB counts (4.91 ± 0.78 and 5.0 ± 0.57 log CFU/mL, respectively) than the control (3.85 ± 0.55 log CFU/mL) after 21 days of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-03-834-48620
| | - Md. Nur Hossain
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ziqian Tang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Peng B, Cui Q, Ma C, Yi H, Gong P, Lin K, Liu T, Zhang L. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YZX28 alleviated intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli via inhibiting its virulence factor production. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Ayariga JA, Ibrahim I, Gildea L, Abugri J, Villafane R. Microbiota in a long survival discourse with the human host. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:5. [PMID: 36441284 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between human health and gut microbiota is becoming more apparent. It is now widely believed that healthy gut flora plays a vital role in the overall well-being of the individual. There are spatial and temporal variations in the distribution of microbes from the esophagus to the rectum throughout an individual's lifetime. Through the development of genome sequencing technologies, scientists have been able to study the interactions between different microorganisms and their hosts to improve the health and disease of individuals. The normal gut microbiota provides various functions to the host, whereas the host, in turn, provides nutrients and promotes the development of healthy and resilient microbiota communities. Thus, the microbiota provides and maintains the gut's structural integrity and protects the gut against pathogens. The development of the normal gut microbiota is influenced by various factors. Some of these include the mode of delivery, diet, and antibiotics. In addition, the environment can also affect the development of the gut microbiota. For example, one of the main concerns of antibiotic use is the alteration of the gut microbiota, which could lead to the development of multidrug-resistant organisms. When microbes are disturbed, it can potentially lead to various diseases. Depending on the species' ability to adapt to the human body's environment, the fate of the microbes in the host and their relationship with the human body are decided. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of microbe, microbes-host immune interactions, and factors that can disturb their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Ayariga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA.
| | - Iddrisu Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
| | - Logan Gildea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
| | - James Abugri
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana.
| | - Robert Villafane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology PhD. Program, College of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (C-STEM), Alabama State University, 1627 Hall Street Montgomery, Montgomery, AL, 36104, USA
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13
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Lee J, Kim S, Kang CH. Immunostimulatory Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Cell-Free Supernatants through the Activation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2247. [PMID: 36422317 PMCID: PMC9698684 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can improve host health and has strong potential for use as a health functional food. Specific strains of LAB have been reported to exert immunostimulatory effects. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the immunostimulatory activities of novel LAB strains isolated from humans and foods and to investigate the probiotic properties of these strains. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) obtained from selected LAB strains significantly increased phagocytosis and level of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, which are immunomodulators, was also upregulated by CFS treatment. CFS markedly induced the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38). In addition, the safety of the LAB strains used in this study was demonstrated by hemolysis and antibiotic resistance tests. Their stability was confirmed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Taken together, these results indicate that the LAB strains selected in this study could be useful as probiotic candidates with immune-stimulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chang-Ho Kang
- MEDIOGEN Co., Ltd., Biovalley 1-ro, Jecheon-si 27159, Korea
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14
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KIANI AYSHAKARIM, BONETTI GABRIELE, DONATO KEVIN, BERTELLI MATTEO. Dietary supplements for intestinal inflammation. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E214-E220. [PMID: 36479492 PMCID: PMC9710413 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation leads to various chronic diseases, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD mainly affects the large intestine, but it can also affect the gastrointestinal tract as a whole. Its major symptoms are pain, diarrhea, and weight loss, and it is usually associated with deficiencies of both macro- and micronutrients. Unluckily, after some time the body develops resistance against the already available drugs: thus, many patients fail to maintain remission, which is achieved in less than 50% of cases. Diet is a major determinant of gut inflammation. An unbalanced diet can affect the gut microbiota and cause dysbiosis, which is related to a dysregulated host immune response. The Mediterranean Diet its renowned for its anti-inflammatory effects and for preventing dysbiosis. In order to improve management and treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases, it should become common practice to integrate the patient's diet with dietary supplements with anti-inflammatory effects (probiotics, butyrate, phosphatidylcholine, lactoferrin, palmitoylethanolamide, silymarin, and omega 3), which maintain the stability of the intestinal microbial cohort and strengthen the mucosal barrier, thus preventing or soothing IBD symptoms. Dietary supplements may help fight the high costs, the adverse side effects, and the recurrent relapses typical of drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - GABRIELE BONETTI
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Gabriele Bonetti, MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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15
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Song ZY, Yuan D, Zhang SX. Role of the microbiome and its metabolites in ankylosing spondylitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010572. [PMID: 36311749 PMCID: PMC9608452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic condition that commonly influences the spine and sacroiliac joints, usually progresses to stiffness and progressive functional limitation. Its fundamental etiology and pathogenesis are likely multifactorial and remain elusive. As environmental factors, gut microbiota performs critical functions in the pathogenesis of AS through various mechanisms, including interacting with genes, enhancing intestinal permeability, activating the gut mucosa immune system, and affecting the intestinal microbiota metabolites. This review provides an overview of recent advances in investigating gut microbiota in AS pathogenesis and discusses potential methods for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Duo Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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16
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Santos FH, Panda SK, Ferreira DCM, Dey G, Molina G, Pelissari FM. Targeting infections and inflammation through micro and nano-nutraceuticals. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Zoghi S, Abbasi A, Heravi FS, Somi MH, Nikniaz Z, Moaddab SY, Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo H. The gut microbiota and celiac disease: Pathophysiology, current perspective and new therapeutic approaches. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2176-2196. [PMID: 36154539 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2121262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) as a chronic gluten-sensitive intestinal condition, mainly affects genetically susceptible hosts. The primary determinants of CD have been identified as environmental and genetic variables. The development of CD is significantly influenced by environmental factors, including the gut microbiome. Therefore, gut microbiome re-programming-based therapies using probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, gluten-free diet, and fecal microbiota transplantation have shown promising results in the modification of the gut microbiome. Due to the importance and paucity of information regarding the CD pathophysiology, in this review, we have covered the association between CD development and gut microbiota, the effects of infectious agents, particularly the recent Covid-19 infection in CD patients, and the efficacy of potential therapeutic approaches in the CD have been discussed. Hence, scientific literature indicates that the diverse biological functions of the gut microbiota against immunomodulatory responses have made microbiome-based therapy an alternative therapeutic paradigm to ameliorate the symptoms of CD and quality of life. However, the exact potential of microbiota-based techniques that aims to quantitatively and qualitatively alter the gut microbiota to be used in the treatment and ameliorate the symptoms of CD will be determined with further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Zoghi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Yaghoub Moaddab
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Bilal M, Ashraf S, Zhao X. Dietary Component-Induced Inflammation and Its Amelioration by Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:931458. [PMID: 35938108 PMCID: PMC9354043 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.931458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet with many dietary components maintains immune homeostasis directly by interacting with innate and adaptive immune components or indirectly through gut microbiota and their metabolites. Dietary components may inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators and promote anti-inflammatory functions or vice versa. Western diets with imbalanced dietary components skew the immune balance toward pro-inflammation and induce intestinal inflammation, consequently leading to many intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases like ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, cardiovascular problems, obesity, and diabetes. The dietary component-induced inflammation is usually chronic in nature and frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. Therefore, microbiome-targeted therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics hold great potentials to amend immune dysregulation and gut dysbiosis, preventing and treating intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbioitcs are progressively being added to foods and beverages, with claims of health benefits. However, the underlining mechanisms of these interventions for preventing and treating dietary component-induced inflammation are still not very clear. In addition, possibly ineffective or negative consequences of some probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics call for stringent testing and regulation. Here, we will first briefly review inflammation, in terms of its types and the relationship between different dietary components and immune responses. Then, we focus on current knowledge about the direct and indirect effects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal and systemic inflammation. Understanding how probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics modulate the immune system and gut microbiota will improve our strategies for preventing and treating dietary component-induced intestinal inflammation and inflammatory diseases.
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19
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Mahooti M, Abdolalipour E, Farahmand B, Shirian S, Ghaemi A. Immunomodulatory effects of probiotic Lactobacillus casei on GM-CSF-adjuvanted influenza DNA vaccine. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study investigates the protective efficacy of influenza DNA vaccine combined with a granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) adjuvant, and probiotic Lactobacillus casei, an oral immunomodulator, in a BALB/c mice. Materials & methods: The mice were immunized with HA1 DNA vaccine along with GM-CSF and probiotic twice within a one-week interval. Results: The results showed that both adjuvants exert a synergistic effect in enhancing the humoral and cellular immune responses of the DNA vaccine. This combination also deceased IL-6 and IL-17A levels in the lung homogenates. The protection patterns were closely associated with influenza virus-specific splenocyte proliferative and serum IgG antibody (Ab) responses. Conclusion: The Findings demonstrate L. casei modulate balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses toward HA1 DNA vaccine adjuvanted by GM-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Mahooti
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Abdolalipour
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Behrokh Farahmand
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Influenza & other respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
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20
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Strategies for the Identification and Assessment of Bacterial Strains with Specific Probiotic Traits. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071389. [PMID: 35889107 PMCID: PMC9323131 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Early in the 1900s, it was proposed that health could be improved and senility delayed by manipulating gut microbiota with the host-friendly bacteria found in yogurt. Later, in 1990, the medical community reconsidered this idea and today probiotics represent a developed area of research with a billion-dollar global industry. As a result, in recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the isolation and characterization of novel probiotic bacteria from fermented foods and dairy products. Most of the identified probiotic strains belong to the lactic acid bacteria group and the genus Bifidobacterium. However, current molecular-based knowledge has allowed the identification and culture of obligatory anaerobic commensal bacteria from the human gut, such as Akkermansia spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., among other human symbionts. We are aware that the identification of new strains of these species does not guarantee their probiotic effects and that each effect must be proved through in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies before clinical trials (before even considering it as a probiotic strain). In most cases, the identification and characterization of new probiotic strain candidates may lack the appropriate set of in vitro experiments allowing the next assessment steps. Here, we address some innovative strategies reported in the literature as alternatives to classical characterization: (i) identification of alternatives using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, metabolomics, and multi-omics analysis; and (ii) probiotic characterization based on molecular effectors and/or traits to target specific diseases (i.e., inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, allergies, among others).
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21
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Jung YJ, Kim HS, Jaygal G, Cho HR, Lee KB, Song IB, Kim JH, Kwak MS, Han KH, Bae MJ, Sung MH. Postbiotics Enhance NK Cell Activation in Stress-Induced Mice through Gut Microbiome Regulation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:612-620. [PMID: 35283424 PMCID: PMC9628878 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2111.11027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that probiotics and their metabolites are present under various conditions; however, the role of probiotic metabolites (i.e., postbiotics in pathological states) is controversial. Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we examined NK cell activation influenced by a postbiotics mixture in response to gut microbiome modulation in stress-induced mice. In vivo activation of NK cells increased in the postbiotics mixture treatment group in accordance with Th1/Th2 expression level. Meanwhile, the Red Ginseng treatment group, a reference group, showed very little expression of NK cell activation. Moreover, the postbiotics mixture treatment group in particular changed the gut microbiome composition. Although the exact role of the postbiotics mixture in regulating the immune system of stress-induced mice remains unclear, the postbiotics mixture-induced NK cell activation might have affected gut microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Jung
- Department of R&D Research Center, KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of R&D Research Center, KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunn Jaygal
- Department of R&D Research Center, KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rin Cho
- Technical Assistance Department (R&D Department), The Food Industrial Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung bae Lee
- Technical Assistance Department (R&D Department), The Food Industrial Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea
| | - In-bong Song
- Technical Assistance Department (R&D Department), The Food Industrial Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea,Osstem Implant Co., Ltd., Bio R&D Center, Seoul 07789, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Kwak
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Han
- Department of R&D Research Center, KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Bae
- Technical Assistance Department (R&D Department), The Food Industrial Promotional Agency of Korea, Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea,
M.J. Bae Phone: +82- 63-720-0540 E-mail:
| | - Moon-Hee Sung
- Department of R&D Research Center, KookminBio Corporation, Seoul 02826, Republic of Korea,Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors M.H. Sung Phone: +82-2-910-4808 Fax: +82-22-910-5739 E-mail:
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22
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Debnath N, Kumar A, Yadav AK. Probiotics as a biotherapeutics for the management and prevention of respiratory tract diseases. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:277-291. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabendu Debnath
- Centre for Molecular Biology Central University of Jammu Samba 181143 Jammu and Kashmir (UT) India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Nutrition Biology Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh Jant‐Pali 123031 Haryana India
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology Central University of Jammu Samba 181143 Jammu and Kashmir (UT) India
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23
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Isolation and Characterization of a Cholesterol-Lowering Bacteria from Bubalus bubalis Raw Milk. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics retrieved from animal sources have substantial health benefits for both humans and animals. The present study was designed to identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from domestic water buffalo milk (Bubalus bubalis) and to evaluate their potential as target-based probiotics. Forty-six LAB strains were isolated and, among them, five strains (NMCC-M2, NMCC-M4, NMCC-M5, NMCC-M6, and NMCC-M7) were regarded as possible probiotics on the basis of their phenotypic and biochemical properties. These isolates were molecularly identified as Weissella confusa (NMCC-M2), Leuconostoc pseudo-mesenteroides (NMCC-M4), Lactococcus lactis Subsp. hordniae (NMCC-M5), Enterococcus faecium NMCC-M6, and Enterococcus lactis NMCC-M7. The tested bacterial strains showed significant antimicrobial activity, susceptibility to antibiotics, acid and bile tolerance, sugar fermentation, enzymatic potential, and nonhemolytic characteristics. Interestingly, NMCC-M2 displayed the best probiotic features including survival at pH 3 and 0.5% (w/v) bile salts, complete susceptibility to the tested antibiotics, high enzymatic potential, and in vitro cholesterol reduction (48.0 µg/mL for NMCC-M2) with 0.3% bile salt supplementation. Therefore, the isolated strain NMCC-M2 could be considered as a potential target-based probiotic in cholesterol-lowering fermented food products.
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24
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Protective Effects of Fermented Soybeans ( Cheonggukjang) on Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-Induced Colitis in a Mouse Model. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060776. [PMID: 35327199 PMCID: PMC8947378 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, and the incidence of IBD is increasing every year owing to changes in dietary structure. Although the exact pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear, recent evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis is closely associated with IBD pathogenesis. Cheonggukjang is a traditional Korean fermented soybean paste produced using traditional and industrial methods, and contains probiotics, which affect the gut microbiota composition. However, the protective effect of Cheonggukjang against IBD is unknown. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community structure of traditional and commercial Cheonggukjang samples, as well as the protective effect of Cheonggukjang on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Traditional and commercial Cheonggukjang were found to contain various type of useful probiotics in their bacterial community structure. Cheonggukjang reduced the progression of DSS-induced symptoms, such as body weight loss, colonic shortening, disease activity index, and histological changes. Further, Cheonggukjang improved the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity on DSS-induced colitis mice. In addition, Cheonggukjang suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators through the inactivation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. These results indicate that Cheonggukjang exerts protective effects against DSS-induced colitis, suggesting its possible application as a functional food for improving inflammatory diseases.
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25
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Probiotics-Containing Mucoadhesive Gel for Targeting the Dysbiosis Associated with Periodontal Diseases. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:5007930. [PMID: 35265133 PMCID: PMC8898886 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5007930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Periodontitis is a common disorder that leads to the loss of both tooth and personal well-being, contributing to worsen the risk for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, probiotics, characterized by rapid oral dispersion, have been topically used. Here, we present data of a mucoadhesive gel containing probiotics, capable of ensuring a slow release of bacteria to prevent and treat periodontitis. Methods An original mucoadhesive gel (AL0005) that is anhydrous and of food grade, loaded with the blend of lactobacilli and plants' dry extracts, has been assayed. Results The release kinetics of the bacterial mixture in different experimental models in vitro, including simulated saliva or physiological solutions, showed a significant and stable release for 5–8 hours. In one in vivo study of a mouse model of periodontitis, a locally applied mucoadhesive gel enriched with probiotic strains improved significantly the tissue pathology when compared with vehicle-exposed mice. Conclusions Together, the results suggest that this mucoadhesive gel can be useful in the normalization of the gum bacterial flora and improvement of the tissue pathology of gum disorders.
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26
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Gaisawat MB, Lopez-Escalera S, MacPherson CW, Iskandar MM, Tompkins TA, Kubow S. Probiotics Exhibit Strain-Specific Protective Effects in T84 Cells Challenged With Clostridioides difficile-Infected Fecal Water. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:698638. [PMID: 35154018 PMCID: PMC8826048 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.698638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is frequently associated with intestinal injury and mucosal barrier dysfunction, leading to an inflammatory response involving neutrophil localization and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The severity of clinical manifestations is associated with the extent of the immune response, which requires mitigation for better clinical management. Probiotics could play a protective role in this disorder due to their immunomodulatory ability in gastrointestinal disorders. We assessed five single-strain and three multi-strain probiotics for their ability to modulate CDI fecal water (FW)-induced effects on T84 cells. The CDI-FW significantly (p < 0.05) decreased T84 cell viability. The CDI-FW-exposed cells also exhibited increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production as characterized by interleukin (IL)-8, C-X-C motif chemokine 5, macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF), IL-32, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily member 8. Probiotics were associated with strain-specific attenuation of the CDI-FW mediated effects, whereby Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-1079 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus R0011 were most effective in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and in increasing T84 cell viability. ProtecFlor™, Lactobacillus helveticus R0052, and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 showed moderate effectiveness, and L. rhamnosus GG R0343 along with the two other multi-strain combinations were the least effective. Overall, the findings showed that probiotic strains possess the capability to modulate the CDI-mediated inflammatory response in the gut lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chad W MacPherson
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Thomas A Tompkins
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stan Kubow
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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27
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Shehata AA, Yalçın S, Latorre JD, Basiouni S, Attia YA, Abd El-Wahab A, Visscher C, El-Seedi HR, Huber C, Hafez HM, Eisenreich W, Tellez-Isaias G. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Phytogenic Substances for Optimizing Gut Health in Poultry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020395. [PMID: 35208851 PMCID: PMC8877156 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic ‘organ’ because of its enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The connection between the intestinal microbiota and their respective host animals is dynamic and, in general, mutually beneficial. This complicated interaction is seen as a determinant of health and disease; thus, intestinal dysbiosis is linked with several metabolic diseases. Therefore, tractable strategies targeting the regulation of intestinal microbiota can control several diseases that are closely related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders. As a result, animal health and performance are improved. One of these strategies is related to dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and phytogenic substances. These supplements exert their effects indirectly through manipulation of gut microbiota quality and improvement in intestinal epithelial barrier. Several phytogenic substances, such as berberine, resveratrol, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, isoflavones and hydrolyzed fibers, have been identified as potential supplements that may also act as welcome means to reduce the usage of antibiotics in feedstock, including poultry farming, through manipulation of the gut microbiome. In addition, these compounds may improve the integrity of tight junctions by controlling tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory signaling pathways in the host animals. In this review, we discuss the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances in optimizing gut function in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University (AU), 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Biomedical Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Claudia Huber
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
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Ali B, Khan AR. Efficacy of Probiotics in Management of Celiac Disease. Cureus 2022; 14:e22031. [PMID: 35340497 PMCID: PMC8912170 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Varesi A, Pierella E, Romeo M, Piccini GB, Alfano C, Bjørklund G, Oppong A, Ricevuti G, Esposito C, Chirumbolo S, Pascale A. The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease: from Diagnosis to Treatment. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030668. [PMID: 35277027 PMCID: PMC8840394 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is emerging as a key regulator of many disease conditions and its dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of several gastrointestinal and extraintestinal disorders. More recently, gut microbiome alterations have been linked to neurodegeneration through the increasingly defined gut microbiota brain axis, opening the possibility for new microbiota-based therapeutic options. Although several studies have been conducted to unravel the possible relationship between Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathogenesis and progression, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of approaches aiming at restoring gut microbiota eubiosis remain to be fully addressed. In this narrative review, we briefly summarize the role of gut microbiota homeostasis in brain health and disease, and we present evidence for its dysregulation in AD patients. Based on these observations, we then discuss how dysbiosis might be exploited as a new diagnostic tool in early and advanced disease stages, and we examine the potential of prebiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and diets as complementary therapeutic interventions on disease pathogenesis and progression, thus offering new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of this devastating and progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Almo Collegio Borromeo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Elisa Pierella
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (E.P.); (A.O.)
| | - Marcello Romeo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | | | - Claudia Alfano
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway;
| | - Abigail Oppong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK; (E.P.); (A.O.)
| | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (G.R.)
| | - Ciro Esposito
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, ICS Maugeri, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37121 Verona, Italy;
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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30
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Role of probiotics in the management of cervical cancer: An update. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:5-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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JAFARI R, NAGHAVI NS, KHOSRAVI-DARANI K, DOUDI M, SHAHANIPOUR K. Isolation, molecular and phylogenetic identification of microorganisms from Kombucha solution and evaluation of their viability using flow cytometery. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.63220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Sayers B, Wijeyesekera A, Gibson G. Exploring the potential of prebiotic and polyphenol-based dietary interventions for the alleviation of cognitive and gastrointestinal perturbations associated with military specific stressors. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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33
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Bakshi HA, Quinn GA, Aljabali AAA, Hakkim FL, Farzand R, Nasef MM, Abuglela N, Ansari P, Mishra V, Serrano-Aroca Á, Tambuwala MM. Exploiting the Metabolism of the Gut Microbiome as a Vehicle for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Colon. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121211. [PMID: 34959610 PMCID: PMC8709317 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of colon-associated diseases has increased significantly over the past several decades, as evidenced by accumulated literature on conditions such as Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and ulcerative colitis. Developing therapeutics for these diseases is challenging due to physiological barriers of the colon, systemic side effects, and the intestinal environment. Therefore, in a search for novel methods to overcome some of these problems, researchers discovered that microbial metabolism by gut microbiotia offers a potential method for targeted drug delivery This overview highlights several drug delivery systems used to modulate the microbiota and improve colon-targeted drug delivery. This technology will be important in developing a new generation of therapies which harness the metabolism of the human gut microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid A. Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (G.A.Q.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.B.); (M.M.T.)
| | - Gerry A. Quinn
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (G.A.Q.); (P.A.)
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 566, Jordan;
| | - Faruck L. Hakkim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 559122, USA;
| | - Rabia Farzand
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (R.F.); (M.M.N.); (N.A.)
| | - Mohamed M. Nasef
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (R.F.); (M.M.N.); (N.A.)
| | - Naji Abuglela
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; (R.F.); (M.M.N.); (N.A.)
| | - Prawej Ansari
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (G.A.Q.); (P.A.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Independent University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab., Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia, San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; (G.A.Q.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.B.); (M.M.T.)
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Dubey AK, Podia M, Priyanka, Raut S, Singh S, Pinnaka AK, Khatri N. Insight Into the Beneficial Role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Supernatant Against Bacterial Infections, Oxidative Stress, and Wound Healing in A549 Cells and BALB/c Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:728614. [PMID: 34803678 PMCID: PMC8600115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.728614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 2621 is a well-characterized probiotic strain and is reported to possess many health benefits. However, the wound healing potential of this probiotic is yet to be explored. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial, antioxidant, and wound healing activities of cell-free supernatant of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 2621 (Lp2621). Lp2621 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against the indicator bacteria in the agar well diffusion assay. Lp2621 did not show any hemolytic activity. The safety of Lp2621 gel was established using the skin irritation assay in BALB/c mice, and no dermal reactions were observed. The supernatant showed 60–100% protection of A549 cells against H2O2-induced stress. In the scratch assay, Lp2621 accelerated wound healing after 24 h of treatment. The percent wound healing was significantly higher in cells treated with Lp2621 at 18–24 h posttreatment. In an excision wound healing in mice, topical application of Lp2621 gel showed faster healing than the vehicle- and betadine-treated groups. Similar wound healing activity was observed in wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Histological examination revealed better wound healing in Lp2621-treated mice. Topical treatment of the wounds with Lp2621 gel resulted in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the early phase of wound healing and enhanced IL-10 expression in the later phase. These findings unveil a protective role of Lp2621 against bacterial infection, oxidative stress, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Dubey
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mansi Podia
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Priyanka
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sachin Raut
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sanpreet Singh
- Immunology Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pinnaka
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Neeraj Khatri
- IMTECH Centre for Animal Resources and Experimentation (iCARE), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Guli M, Winarsih S, Barlianto W, Illiandri O, Sumarno SP. Mechanism of Lactobacillus reuteri Probiotic in Increasing Intestinal Mucosal Immune System. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which, when consumed in adequate quantities as food ingredients, provide health benefits to the host. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces, are three probiotics that are intensively used as probiotics in humans and animals. Probiotics have beneficial effects on health when given adequate amounts. The concept of probiotics on human health, namely modulating the gut microbiota and its effect on the host. Probiotics play an important role in maintaining intestinal integrity through a number of different interactions, including changes in cytokine expression in the mucosa. Probiotics compete with intestinal pathogens for mucosal receptors, thereby increasing interepithelial resistance. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus casei sp GG strain was used as a prophylaxis that could increase the expression of epithelial mucin, thereby reducing the translocation of pathogenic bacteria. Abnormal local immune response is characterized by decreased secretion of IgA, thus allowing enterocyte attachment and local translocation of bacterial antigens, which are the main stimulation of pathological events. Colonic stasis can promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria which allows malignant porin bacterial strains to thrive. The gut microbiota has a major influence on human health. The microbial population has an important role in the host, such as the metabolic activity of probiotics producing energy and nutrient absorption, developing the host immune system, and preventing colonization and infection of pathogens. Lactobacillus reuteri is a hetero-fermentative bacterium that lives in the digestive tract of humans. L. reuteri has been used to treat infant necrotizing pseudomembrane. In this paper, the mechanism of L reuteri to increase host immunological response will be reviewed.
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Kaur H, Nookala S, Singh S, Mukundan S, Nagamoto-Combs K, Combs CK. Sex-Dependent Effects of Intestinal Microbiome Manipulation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2370. [PMID: 34572019 PMCID: PMC8469717 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms linking intestinal bacteria and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still unclear. We hypothesized that intestinal dysbiosis might potentiate AD, and manipulating the microbiome to promote intestinal eubiosis and immune homeostasis may improve AD-related brain changes. This study assessed sex differences in the effects of oral probiotic, antibiotics, and synbiotic treatments in the AppNL-G-F mouse model of AD. The fecal microbiome demonstrated significant correlations between bacterial genera in AppNL-G-F mice and Aβ plaque load, gliosis, and memory performance. Female and not male AppNL-G-F mice fed probiotic but not synbiotic exhibited a decrease in Aβ plaques, microgliosis, brain TNF-α, and memory improvement compared to no treatment controls. Although antibiotics treatment did not produce these multiple changes in brain cytokines, memory, or gliosis, it did decrease Aβ plaque load and colon cytokines in AppNL-G-F males. The intestinal cytokine milieu and splenocyte phenotype of female but not male AppNL-G-F mice indicated a modest proinflammatory innate response following probiotic treatment compared to controls, with an adaptive response following antibiotics treatment in male AppNL-G-F mice. Overall, these results demonstrate the beneficial effects of probiotic only in AppNL-G-F females, with minimal benefits of antibiotics or synbiotic feeding in male or female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Suba Nookala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Surjeet Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience (CCBN), University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada;
| | - Santhosh Mukundan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Kumi Nagamoto-Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
| | - Colin Kelly Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA; (S.N.); (S.M.); (K.N.-C.)
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37
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Nguyen T, Brody H, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Probiotics for periodontal health-Current molecular findings. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:254-267. [PMID: 34463979 PMCID: PMC8448672 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome is associated with a variety of oral and systemic diseases, including periodontal disease. Oral dysbiosis in periodontal disease leads to an exacerbated host immune response that induces progressive periodontal tissue destruction and ultimately tooth loss. To counter the disease‐associated dysbiosis of the oral cavity, strategies have been proposed to reestablish a “healthy” microbiome via the use of probiotics. This study reviews the literature on the use of probiotics for modifying the oral microbial composition toward a beneficial state that might alleviate disease progression. Four in vitro and 10 preclinical studies were included in the analysis, and these studies explored the effects of probiotics on cultured biofilm growth and bacterial gene expressions, as well as modulation of the host response to inflammation. The current molecular findings on probiotics provide fundamental evidence for further clinical research for the use of probiotics in periodontal therapy. They also point out an important caveat: Changing the biofilm composition might alter the normal oral flora that is beneficial and/or critical for oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hanna Brody
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan Radaic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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38
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Bifidobacterium Longum: Protection against Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:8030297. [PMID: 34337079 PMCID: PMC8324359 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), increases gradually worldwide in the past decades. IBD is generally associated with the change of the immune system and gut microbiota, and the conventional treatments usually result in some side effects. Bifidobacterium longum, as colonizing bacteria in the intestine, has been demonstrated to be capable of relieving colitis in mice and can be employed as an alternative or auxiliary way for treating IBD. Here, the mechanisms of the Bifidobacterium longum in the treatment of IBD were summarized based on previous cell and animal studies and clinical trials testing bacterial therapies. This review will be served as a basis for future research on IBD treatment.
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Elsouri K, Arboleda V, Heiser S, Kesselman MM, Demory Beckler M. Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Celiac Disease: A Friend or Foe. Cureus 2021; 13:e15543. [PMID: 34277168 PMCID: PMC8269990 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and celiac disease (CD) are both autoimmune diseases with increasing global prevalence. These two diseases have been connected based on similar HLA mutations, serological markers, rheumatological, and gastrointestinal manifestations. In this review, we discuss the role of the oral and gut microbiome in the development and progression of RA and CD. Here, we highlight similar microbial dysbiosis and how these alterations in composition can lead to worsening disease severity in both CD and RA. Additionally, we analyze the role of probiotics in regulating the microbiome and improving symptoms associated with RA and CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Elsouri
- Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Vania Arboleda
- Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Samantha Heiser
- Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Marc M Kesselman
- Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA
| | - Michelle Demory Beckler
- Microbiology and Immunology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
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Lamubol J, Ohto N, Kuwahara H, Mizuno M. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 22A-3-induced TGF-β1 secretion from intestinal epithelial cells stimulated CD103 + DC and Foxp3 + Treg differentiation and amelioration of colitis in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:8044-8055. [PMID: 34282811 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00990g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 22A-3 (LP22A3) and attempted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. The oral administration of LP22A3 significantly inhibited body weight reduction and decreased colon shortening and colitis score in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. It was demonstrated that the production of the active-form of TGF-β tended to increase in both the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of the ileum and serum but not in the colon of non-DSS-treated mice by LP22A3. IL-10 level in serum was also elevated by LP22A3-treatment. The mRNA expression of TGF-β, IL-10 and Foxp3 increased only in the small intestines of LP22A3-treated mice. Both the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (Aldh1a2) mRNA expression and population of CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) in the small intestine significantly increased in the LP22A3-treated group. LP22A3 induced TGF-β secretion from the IECs of the small intestine with retinoic acid production probably through TLR2, resulting in an increase in CD103+ DCs and the Foxp3+ Treg population. Both cells secrete a high level of anti-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β and IL-10 contributing to the protective condition in the intestine and thus making it less susceptible to inflammation. This suggested that oral administration of LP22A-3 may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarukan Lamubol
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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41
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Marlida Y, Huda N, Harnentis, Shafan Nur Y, Mekar Lestari N, Adzitey F, Sulaiman MR. Potential probiotic yeast isolated from an Indonesian indigenous fermented fish (Ikan Budu). POTRAVINARSTVO 2021. [DOI: 10.5219/1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Budu is a fermented food resulting from the activities of microorganisms like lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Budu, therefore, serves as a source of probiotics that can have beneficial effects on livestock and humans. Nonetheless, their selection has to be done with caution. The current study purposed to find out whether budu has desirable probiotic properties. This was done by determining its pH, bile acid tolerance, hydrophobicity, and inhibition of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. An in vitro experiment was conducted using three Saccharomyces cerevisiae (coded as SC 11, SC 12, and SC 21) in the preparation of budu. The whole experiment was repeated four times. The budus were tested for their probiotic properties (low pH, bile salts, hydrophobicity, and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria). The results showed that the three Saccharomyces cerevisiae survived in gastric juice and bile acid, exhibited good hydrophobicity, and could inhibit pathogenic bacteria, both gram-positive and negative pathogens. They were able to survive at pH 2 for 3 h (40.70 to 55.1%), at pH 2 for 5 h (35.25 to 46.88%), in 0.3% bile acid incubated for 3 h (69.69 to 86.56%), in 0.3% bile acid incubated for 5 h (82.22 to 88.18%) and hydrophobicity ability of 97.0 to 98.1%. The inhibition activity against pathogenic bacteria, that is, Escherichia coli was 2.50 to 3.81 mm, Staphylococcus aureus was 1.66 to 3.71 mm, and Salmonella enteritidis was 1.20 to 2.64 mm.
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Waziri A, Bharti C, Aslam M, Jamil P, Mirza A, Javed MN, Pottoo U, Ahmadi A, Alam MS. Probiotics for the Chemoprotective Role Against the Toxic Effect of Cancer Chemotherapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:654-667. [PMID: 33992067 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210514000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The processes of chemo- and radiation therapy-based clinical management of different types of cancers are associated with toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. So, there is always an unmet need to explore agents to reduce such risk factors. Among these, natural products have generated much attention because of their potent antioxidant and antitumor effects. In the past, some breakthrough outcomes established that various bacteria in the human intestinal gut are bearing growth-promoting attributes and suppressing the conversion of pro-carcinogens into carcinogens. Hence, probiotics integrated approaches are nowadays being explored as rationalized therapeutics in the clinical management of cancer. METHODS Here, published literature was explored to review chemoprotective roles of probiotics against toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutics. RESULTS Apart from excellent anti-cancer abilities, probiotics are bearing and alleviate toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutics, with a high degree of safety and efficiency. CONCLUSION Preclinical and clinical evidence suggested that due to the chemoprotective roles of probiotics against side effects and toxicity of chemotherapeutics, their integration in chemotherapy would be a judicious approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aafrin Waziri
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Charu Bharti
- School of medical and Allied Sciences, K R Mangalam University, Haryana, India
| | - Mohammed Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL Hawash Private University, Homs, Serbia
| | - Parween Jamil
- Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Aamir Mirza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Uzma Pottoo
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Applied Sciences & Technology, University of Kashmir, JK, India
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- School of medical and Allied Sciences, K R Mangalam University, Haryana, India
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Monzón-Atienza L, Bravo J, Torrecillas S, Montero D, Canales AFGD, de la Banda IG, Galindo-Villegas J, Ramos-Vivas J, Acosta F. Isolation and Characterization of a Bacillus velezensis D-18 Strain, as a Potential Probiotic in European Seabass Aquaculture. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1404-1412. [PMID: 33811608 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Within the food-producing sectors, aquaculture is the one that has developed the greatest growth in recent decades, currently representing almost 50% of the world's edible fish. The diseases can affect the final production in intensive aquaculture; in seabass, aquaculture vibriosis is one of the most important diseases producing huge economical losses in this industry. The usual methodology to solve the problems associated with the bacterial pathology has been the use of antibiotics, with known environmental consequences. This is why probiotic bacteria are proposed as an alternative fight against pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyse a strain of Bacillus velezensis D-18 isolated from a wastewater sample collected from a fish farm, for use as probiotics in aquaculture. The strain was evaluated in vitro through various mechanisms of selection, obtaining as results for growth inhibition by co-culture a reduction of 30%; B. velezensis D-18 was able to survive at 1.5-h exposure to 10% seabass bile, and at pH 4, its survival is 5% and reducing by 60% the adhesion capacity of V. anguillarum 507 to the mucus of seabass and in vivo by performing a challenge. Therefore, in conclusion, we consider B. velezensis D-18 isolate from wastewater samples collected from the farms as a good candidate probiotic in the prevention of the infection by Vibrio anguillarum 507 in European seabass after in vitro and biosafety assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Monzón-Atienza
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Jimena Bravo
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Silvia Torrecillas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Daniel Montero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Ramos-Vivas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Félix Acosta
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
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Yang T, Chakraborty S, Mandal J, Mei X, Joe B. Microbiota and Metabolites as Factors Influencing Blood Pressure Regulation. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1731-1757. [PMID: 33792901 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study of microbes has rapidly expanded in recent years due to a surge in our understanding that humans host a plethora of commensal microbes, which reside in their bodies and depending upon their composition, contribute to either normal physiology or pathophysiology. This article provides a general foundation for learning about host-commensal microbial interactions as an emerging area of research. The article is divided into two sections. The first section is dedicated to introducing commensal microbiota and its known effects on the host. The second section is on metabolites, which are biochemicals that the host and the microbes use for bi-directional communication with each other. Together, the sections review what is known about how microbes interact with the host to impact cardiovascular physiology, especially blood pressure regulation. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1731-1757, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Saroj Chakraborty
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Juthika Mandal
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xue Mei
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Chorawala MR, Chauhan S, Patel R, Shah G. Cell Wall Contents of Probiotics (Lactobacillus species) Protect Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Murine Colitis by Limiting Immuno-inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1005-1017. [PMID: 33544362 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no effective therapeutic agents to limit intestinal mucosal damage associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Based on several clinical studies, probiotics have emerged as a possible novel therapeutic strategy for IBD; however, their possible mechanisms are still poorly understood. Although probiotics in murine and human improve disease severity, very little is known about the specific contribution of cell wall contents of probiotics in IBD. Herein, we investigated the protective effects of cell wall contents of three Lactobacillus species in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced colitis rats. LPS-sensitized rats were rendered colitic by colonic instillation of LPS (500 µg/rat) for 14 consecutive days. Concurrently, cell wall contents isolated from 106 CFU of L. casei (LC), L. acidophilus (LA), and L. rhamnosus (LA) was given subcutaneously for 21 days, considering sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) as standard. The severity of colitis was assessed by body weight loss, food intake, stool consistency, rectal bleeding, colon weight/length, spleen weight, and histological analysis. Colonic inflammatory markers (myeloperoxidase activity, C-reactive protein, and pro-inflammatory cytokines) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and nitric oxide) were also assayed. Cell wall contents of LC, LA, and LR significantly ameliorated the severity of colitis by reducing body weight loss and diarrhea and bleeding incidence, improving food intake, colon weight/length, spleen weight, and microscopic damage to the colonic mucosa. The treatment also reduced levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and boosted anti-oxidant molecule. In conclusion, cell wall contents of LC, LA, and LR attenuate LPS-induced colitis by modulating immuno-inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sweta Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gaurang Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Deng Y, McDonald OG, Means AL, Peek RM, Washington MK, Acra SA, Polk DB, Yan F. Exposure to p40 in Early Life Prevents Intestinal Inflammation in Adulthood Through Inducing a Long-Lasting Epigenetic Imprint on TGFβ. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1327-1345. [PMID: 33482393 PMCID: PMC8020481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Colonization by gut microbiota in early life confers beneficial effects on immunity throughout the host's lifespan. We sought to elucidate the mechanisms whereby neonatal supplementation with p40, a probiotic functional factor, reprograms intestinal epithelial cells for protection against adult-onset intestinal inflammation. METHODS p40 was used to treat young adult mouse colonic (YAMC) epithelial cells with and without deletion of a methyltransferase, su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste and trithorax domain-containing 1β (Setd1β), and mice in early life or in adulthood. Anti-transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-neutralizing antibodies were administered to adult mice with and without colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid or dextran sulfate sodium. We examined Setd1b and Tgfb gene expression, TGFβ production, monomethylation and trimethylation of histone H3 on the lysine 4 residue (H3K4me1/3), H3K4me3 enrichment in Tgfb promoter, differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and the inflammatory status. RESULTS p40 up-regulated expression of Setd1b in YAMC cells. Accordingly, p40 enhanced H3K4me1/3 in YAMC cells in a Setd1β-dependent manner. p40-regulated Setd1β mediated programming the TGFβ locus into a transcriptionally permissive chromatin state and promoting TGFβ production in YAMC. Furthermore, transient exposure to p40 during the neonatal period and in adulthood resulted in the immediate increase in Tgfb gene expression. However, only neonatal p40 supplementation induced the sustained H3K4me1/3 and Tgfb gene expression that persisted into adulthood. Interfering with TGFβ function by neutralizing antibodies diminished the long-lasting effects of neonatal p40 supplementation on differentiation of Tregs and protection against colitis in adult mice. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to p40 in early life enables an epigenetic imprint on TGFβ, leading to long-lasting production of TGFβ by intestinal epithelial cells to expand Tregs and protect the gut against inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Oliver G McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna L Means
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard M Peek
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sari A Acra
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - D Brent Polk
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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Akobeng AK, Singh P, Kumar M, Al Khodor S. Role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease and potential therapeutic implications. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3369-3390. [PMID: 32651763 PMCID: PMC7669811 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although genetic predisposition and exposure to dietary gluten are considered necessary triggers for the development of coeliac disease, alterations in the gut microbial composition may also contribute towards the pathogenesis of coeliac disease. This review aims to provide an overview of the available data on the potential mechanisms through which the gut microbiota plays a role in the causation of coeliac disease and to discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that could diminish the consequences of microbial dysbiosis. METHOD A search of the literature was performed using the PubMed, Embase, and JSTOR databases; relevant articles were included. RESULTS Recent studies in patients with coeliac disease have reported an increase in the relative amounts of gram negative bacterial genera such as Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Escherichia, and reduced amounts of protective anti-inflammatory bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Dysbiotic microbiota may lead to a dysregulated immune response that may contribute to the pathogenesis of coeliac disease. In infancy, antibiotic use and certain infant feeding practices may lead to alterations in the developing gut microbiota to influence the immune maturation process and predispose to coeliac disease. CONCLUSION The induction of the intestinal immune system and gluten intolerance may be influenced by the relative abundance of certain microbiota. Factors such as infant feeding practices, diet, antibiotics, and infections, may be involved in the development of coeliac disease due to their influence on gut microbial composition. The efficacy of potential modulators of the gut microbiota such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplant as adjunctive treatments to gluten-free diet in coeliac disease is unproven and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K Akobeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Parul Singh
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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Probiotic Potential and Gluten Hydrolysis Activity of Lactobacillus brevis KT16-2. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2020; 13:720-733. [PMID: 33169341 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. Gluten-hydrolyzing probiotic bacteria are promising for alleviating symptoms in individuals with CD. Therefore, in this study, the gluten hydrolysis ability and probiotic potential of Lact. brevis KT16-2 were determined. Lact. brevis KT16-2 formed proteolysis zones on gluten and gliadin agar plates, in which gluten and gliadin were used as the only nitrogen sources. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that Lact. brevis KT16-2 completely hydrolyzed peptides ranging from 28 to 66 kDa in 8 h. Then, the survival of the strain in bile salts, in simulated gastric juice and at low pH was determined. Additionally, the antioxidant and antimicrobial substance production, autoaggregation, hydrophobicity and antibiotic resistance of the strain were investigated. API-ZYM test kits were used to determine the enzymatic capacity of the strain. Lact. brevis KT16-2 had the ability to hydrolyze wheat gluten. It was able to survive in a broad pH range (pH 2-8), in bile salts (0.3-1%), and in simulated gastric juice. It had the ability to autoaggregate (59.4%), and the hydrophobicity (52.7%) of the strain was determined. In addition, this strain was capable of producing antimicrobial peptides against test bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) of the strain had high antioxidant activity (DPPH-71.0% and ABTS-54.1%). The results of this study suggest that Lact. brevis KT16-2, which can hydrolyze gliadin and has many essential probiotic properties, has the potential to be used as a probiotic supplement for individuals with CD.
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The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics on respiratory viral infections: A hint for COVID-19 treatment? Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104452. [PMID: 32818576 PMCID: PMC7431320 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory virus infections are among the most prevalent diseases in humans and contribute to morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Moreover, since they can evolve fast and cross the species barrier, some of these viruses, such as influenza A and coronaviruses, have sometimes caused epidemics or pandemics and were associated with more serious clinical diseases and even mortality. The recently identified Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a Public Health Emergency of International concern and has been associated with rapidly progressive pneumonia. To ensure protection against emerging respiratory tract infections, the development of new strategies based on modulating the immune responses is essential. The use of probiotic components has substantially increased due to their effects on immune responses, in particular on those that occur in the upper/lower respiratory tract. Superinduction of inflammatory reaction, known as a cytokine storm, has been correlated directly with viral pneumonia and serious complications of respiratory infections. In this review, probiotics, as potential immunomodulatory agents, have been proposed to improve the host's response to respiratory viral infections. In addition, the effects of probiotics on different aspects of immune responses and their antiviral properties in both pre-clinical and clinical contexts have been described in detail.
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Nyabanga CT, Axelrad JE, Zhang X, Barnes EL, Chang S. Adjunctive Pharmacotherapy Use in Patients With Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis (IPAA). CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2020; 2:otaa091. [PMID: 36777759 PMCID: PMC9802495 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the prevalence of adjunctive pharmacotherapies use among ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) patients. Methods The IBD Partners database was queried to compare IPAA patients with and without pouch-related symptoms (PRS). Within the cohort of patients with PRS, patient reported outcomes were compared among opioid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and probiotic users. Results There were no differences in patient reported outcomes based on NSAID or probiotic usage. Opioid users reported increased bowel frequency, urgency, poor general well-being, abdominal pain, and depression (P < 0.05 for all variables). Conclusions In IPAA patients with PRS, opioid use, but not NSAIDs or probiotics, was associated with a higher burden of PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Custon T Nyabanga
- Department of Internal Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jordan E Axelrad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Edward L Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shannon Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA,Address correspondence to: Shannon Chang, MD, Division of Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 240 East 38th Street, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10016 ()
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