1
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Bano N, Kainat KM, Ansari MI, Pal A, Sarkar S, Sharma PK. Identification of chemoresistance targets in doxorubicin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics. J Chemother 2024:1-15. [PMID: 39101797 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2024.2385267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Acquired chemoresistance remains a significant challenge in the clinics as most of the treated cancers eventually emerge as hard-to-treat phenotypes. Therefore, identifying chemoresistance targets is highly warranted to manage the disease better. In this study, we employed a label-free LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics analysis to identify potential targets and signaling pathways underlying acquired chemoresistance in a sub-cell line (A549DR) derived from the parental lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) treated with gradually increasing doses of doxorubicin (DOX). Our proteomics analysis identified 146 upregulated and 129 downregulated targets in A549DR cells. The KEGG pathway and Gene ontology (GO) analysis of differentially expressed upregulated and downregulated proteins showed that most abundant upregulated pathways were related to metabolic pathways, cellular senescence, cell cycle, and p53 signaling. Meanwhile, the downregulated pathways were related to spliceosome, nucleotide metabolism, DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, and nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Further, STRING analysis of upregulated biological processes showed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) between CDK1, AKT2, SRC, STAT1, HDAC1, FDXR, FDX1, NPC1, ALDH2, GPx1, CDK4, and B2M, proteins. The identified proteins in this study might be the potential therapeutic targets for mitigating DOX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Bano
- Food Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment, and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - K M Kainat
- Food Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment, and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Ansari
- Food Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment, and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anjali Pal
- Food Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment, and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sana Sarkar
- Systems Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Food Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment, and Systems Toxicology (FEST) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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2
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Kesarwani R, Pal N, Bhabak KP. Stimuli-responsive biotin-anchored prodrug for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer agent NBDHEX with turn-on NIR fluorescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3397-3400. [PMID: 38404238 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00210e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Biothiol-activatable prodrug RK-296 was designed for the delivery of potent anti-cancer agent NBDHEX with concomitant turn-on near infrared (NIR) fluorescence. NBDHEX exhibits anti-cancer activity by selectively inhibiting glutathione-S-transferase pi (GSTP1), which is overexpressed in cancer cells and responsible for the inactivation of chemotherapeutic drugs. The sustained release of NBDHEX from the prodrug would be useful for ameliorating the off-target side-effects of NBDHEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kesarwani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Nikita Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Krishna P Bhabak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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3
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Bhattacharya K, Mahato S, Deka S, Chanu NR, Shrivastava AK, Khanal P. Netting into the Sophoretin pool: An approach to trace GSTP1 inhibitors for reversing chemoresistance. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107981. [PMID: 37976621 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance, a significant challenge in cancer treatment, is often associated with the cellular glutathione-related detoxification system. The GSTP1 isoenzyme (glutathione S-transferases) plays a critical role in the cytoplasmic inactivation of anticancer drugs. This suggests the identification of GSTP1 inhibitors to combat chemoresistance. We screened Sophoretin (also called quercetin) derivatives for molecular properties, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity profiles. Following that, we conducted molecular docking and simulations between selected derivatives and GSTP1. The best-docked complex, GSTP1-quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside, exhibited a binding affinity of -8.1 kcal/mol, with no predicted toxicity and good pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of this complex. Quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside shows promise as a lead candidate for addressing chemoresistance in cancer patients, although further experimental studies are needed to validate its efficacy and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Bhattacharya
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India; Royal School of Pharmacy, The Assam Royal Global University, Assam 781035, India.
| | - Shikha Mahato
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Satyendra Deka
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Nongmaithem Randhoni Chanu
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Downtown University, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicine Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, KLE College of Pharmacy, Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER), Belagavi 590010, India.
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4
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Menyhárt O, Fekete JT, Győrffy B. Resistance to Combined Anthracycline-Taxane Chemotherapy Is Associated with Altered Metabolism and Inflammation in Breast Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1063. [PMID: 38256136 PMCID: PMC10816584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of early-stage breast cancer (BC) patients experience recurrence after systemic chemotherapy; thus, understanding therapy resistance is crucial in developing more successful treatments. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying resistance to combined anthracycline-taxane treatment by comparing gene expression patterns with subsequent therapeutic responses. We established a cohort of 634 anthracycline-taxane-treated patients with pathological complete response (PCR) and a separate cohort of 187 patients with relapse-free survival (RFS) data, each having transcriptome-level expression data of 10,017 unique genes. Patients were categorized as responders and non-responders based on their PCR and RFS status, and the expression for each gene was compared between the two groups using a Mann-Whitney U-test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, with fold change (FC) > 1.44. Altogether, 224 overexpressed genes were identified in the tumor samples derived from the patients without PCR; among these, the gene sets associated with xenobiotic metabolism (e.g., CYP3A4, CYP2A6) exhibited significant enrichment. The genes ORAI3 and BCAM differentiated non-responders from responders with the highest AUC values (AUC > 0.75, p < 0.0001). We identified 51 upregulated genes in the tumor samples derived from the patients with relapse within 60 months, participating primarily in inflammation and innate immune responses (e.g., LYN, LY96, ANXA1). Furthermore, the amino acid transporter SLC7A5, distinguishing non-responders from responders, had significantly higher expression in tumors and metastases than in normal tissues (Kruskal-Wallis p = 8.2 × 10-20). The identified biomarkers underscore the significance of tumor metabolism and microenvironment in treatment resistance and can serve as a foundation for preclinical validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otília Menyhárt
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Tibor Fekete
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (O.M.); (J.T.F.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Packeiser EM, Engels L, Nolte I, Goericke-Pesch S, Murua Escobar H. MDR1 Inhibition Reverses Doxorubicin-Resistance in Six Doxorubicin-Resistant Canine Prostate and Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098136. [PMID: 37175843 PMCID: PMC10179448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired chemoresistance during chemotherapy, often accompanied by cross- and multi-resistance, limits therapeutic outcomes and leads to recurrence. In order to create in vitro model systems to understand acquired doxorubicin-resistance, we generated doxorubicin-resistant sublines of canine prostate adenocarcinoma and urothelial cell carcinoma cell lines. Chemoresistance to doxorubicin, cross-resistance to carboplatin, and the reversibility of the acquired resistance by the specific MDR1-inhibitor tariquidar were quantified in metabolic assays. Resistance mechanisms were characterized by expression of the efflux transporters MDR1 and RALBP1, as well as the molecular target of doxorubicin, TOP2A, with qPCR and Western blotting. Six out of nine cell lines established stable resistance to 2 µM doxorubicin. Drug efflux via massive MDR1 overexpression was identified as common, driving resistance mechanism in all sublines. MDR1 inhibition with tariquidar extensively reduced or reversed the acquired, and also partly the parental resistance. Three cell lines developed additional, non-MDR1-dependent resistance. RALBP1 was upregulated in one resistant subline at the protein level, while TOP2A expression was not altered. Combination therapies aiming to inhibit MDR1 activity can now be screened for synergistic effects using our resistant sublines. Nevertheless, detailed resistance mechanisms and maintained molecular target expression in the resistant sublines are still to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Leoni Engels
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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6
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Liu Z, Gao J, Gu R, Shi Y, Hu H, Liu J, Huang J, Zhong C, Zhou W, Yang Y, Gong C. Comprehensive Analysis of Transcriptomics and Genetic Alterations Identifies Potential Mechanisms Underlying Anthracycline Therapy Resistance in Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121834. [PMID: 36551262 PMCID: PMC9775906 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline is a mainstay of treatment for breast cancer patients because of its antitumor activity. However, anthracycline resistance is a critical barrier in treating breast cancer. Thus, it is of great importance to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying anthracycline resistance in breast cancer. Herein, we integrated transcriptome data, genetic alterations data, and clinical data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in anthracycline resistance in breast cancer. Two hundred and four upregulated genes and 1376 downregulated genes were characterized between the anthracycline-sensitive and anthracycline-resistant groups. It was found that drug resistance-associated genes such as ABCB5, CYP1A1, and CYP4Z1 were significantly upregulated in the anthracycline-resistant group. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that the P53 signaling pathway, DNA replication, cysteine, and methionine metabolism pathways were associated with anthracycline sensitivity. Somatic TP53 mutation was a common genetic abnormality observed in the anthracycline-sensitive group, while CDH1 mutation was presented in the anthracycline-resistant group. Immune infiltration patterns were extremely different between the anthracycline-sensitive and anthracycline-resistant groups. Immune-associated chemokines and cytokines, immune regulators, and human leukocyte antigen genes were significantly upregulated in the anthracycline-sensitive group. These results reveal potential molecular mechanisms associated with anthracycline resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Liu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jingbo Gao
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ran Gu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jianlan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Caineng Zhong
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); or (C.G.)
| | - Chang Gong
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); or (C.G.)
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7
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Zhang J, Li Y, Zou J, Lai CT, Zeng T, Peng J, Zou WD, Cao B, Liu D, Zhu LY, Li H, Li YK. Comprehensive analysis of the glutathione S-transferase Mu (GSTM) gene family in ovarian cancer identifies prognostic and expression significance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:968547. [PMID: 35965498 PMCID: PMC9366399 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.968547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common types of gynecologic tumor over the world. The Glutathione S-transferase Mu (GSTM) has five members, including GSTM1-5. These GSTMs is involved in cell metabolism and detoxification, but their role in OC remains unknown. Methods Data from multiple public databases associated with OC and GSTMs were collected. Expression, prognosis, function enrichment, immune infiltration, stemness index, and drug sensitivity analysis was utilized to identify the roles of GSTMs in OC progression. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the effect of AICAR, AT-7519, PHA-793887 and PI-103 on the mRNA levels of GSTM3/4. Results GSTM1-5 were decreased in OC samples compared to normal ovary samples. GSTM1/5 were positively correlated with OC prognosis, but GSTM3 was negatively correlated with OC prognosis. Function enrichment analysis indicated GSTMs were involved in glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism, and drug resistance. Immune infiltration analysis indicated GSTM2/3/4 promoted immune escape in OC. GSTM5 was significantly correlated with OC stemness index. GSTM3/4 were remarkedly associated with OC chemoresistance, especially in AICAR, AT-7519, PHA-793887 and PI-103. Conclusion GSTM3 was negatively correlated with OC prognosis, and associated with OC chemoresistance and immune escape. This gene may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic target for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Juan Zou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chun-tian Lai
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Tian Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Wen-da Zou
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Li-yu Zhu
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Yu-kun Li,
| | - Yu-kun Li
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Yu-kun Li,
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8
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Comparative Analysis of Proteomic of Curcumin Reversing Multidrug Resistance in HCT-8/VCR Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3605436. [PMID: 35509845 PMCID: PMC9061040 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3605436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To further explore the mechanisms of curcumin reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) in HCT8/VCR cells. Here, we employed comparative analysis of proteomic of essential proteins of human colon carcinoma HCT8/VCR cells with or without treatment of curcumin by separating and quantifying the essential protein posttranslational modification through radical-free two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with strong reductant. The reverse impact of curcumin on multidrug resistance of HCT8/VCR and HCT8/VCR cells was evaluated using MTT assay. After adding curcumin 25 μM for 72 h, by 2-DE and mass spectrometry, twenty proteins were certified with changed expression levels. Three protein sites were upregulated and seventeen protein sites were downregulated in curcumin-treated HCT-8/VCR. Verification analyses were conducted using RT-PCR and Western blotting for downregulated proteins including GSTP1 and PRDX6. The proteins might have a direct or indirect contact with multidrug resistance. The finding of the research would provide novel sights for systematically comprehending the mechanisms of the reversal impacts of curcumin on MDR in HCT8/VCR cells and contribute to the recognition and application of new markers in clinical practice.
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9
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Hao X, Li Y, Bian J, Zhang Y, He S, Yu F, Feng Y, Huang L. Impact of DNA methylation on ADME gene expression, drug disposition and efficacy. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:194-206. [PMID: 35412942 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2064488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Interindividual differences in drug response have always existed in clinical treatment. Genes involved in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) play an important role in the process of pharmacokinetics. The effects of genetic polymorphism and nuclear receptors on the expression of drug metabolism enzymes and transporters can only explain some individual differences in clinical treatment. Several key ADME genes have been demonstrated to be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms that can potentially affect interindividual variability in medical treatment. Emerging studies have focused on the importance of DNA methylation for ADME gene expression and for drug response. Among them, the most studied is anti-tumor drugs, and followed by anti-tuberculous and anti-platelet drugs. Therefore, we provide an epigenetics perspective on variability in drug response. The review summarizes the correlation between ADME gene expression and DNA methylation, including the exact methylation locations, and focuses on the corresponding drug disposition and effects to illuminate interindividual differences in clinical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China.,School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jialu Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Shiyu He
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yufei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044 China
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10
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Materón EM, Shimizu FM, Figueiredo Dos Santos K, Nascimento GF, Geraldo VPN, Oliveira ON, Faria RC. Membrane model as key tool in the study of glutathione-s-transferase mediated anticancer drug resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112426. [PMID: 34861633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione-s-transferase is believed to be involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, which depends on the interaction with the cell membranes. In this study, we employed Langmuir monolayers of a mixture of phospholipids and cholesterol (MIX) as models for tumor cell membranes and investigated their interaction with the anticancer drugs cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin (DOX). We found that both DOX and CDDP expand and affect the elasticity of MIX monolayers, but these effects are hindered when glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and its cofactor glutathione (GSH) are incorporated. Changes are induced by DOX or CDDP on the polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) data for MIX/GST/GSH monolayers, thus denoting some degree of interaction that is not sufficient to alter the monolayer mechanical properties. Overall, the results presented here give support to the hypothesis of the inactivation of DOX and CDDP by GST and point to possible directions to detect and fight drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Materón
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil; São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flavio M Shimizu
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Applied Physics, "Gleb Wataghin" Institute of Physics (IFGW), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil.
| | | | - Gustavo F Nascimento
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vananélia P N Geraldo
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, P.O Box 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ronaldo C Faria
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Jou YC, Wang SC, Dia YC, Wang ST, Yu MH, Yang HY, Chen LC, Shen CH, Liu YW. Anti-Cancer Effects and Tumor Marker Role of Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 5 in Human Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063056. [PMID: 33802702 PMCID: PMC8002531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that the glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 (GSTM5) gene is highly CpG-methylated in bladder cancer cells and that demethylation by 5-aza-dC activates GSTM5 gene expression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of GSTM5 in bladder cancer. The levels of GSTM5 gene expression and DNA methylation were analyzed in patients with bladder cancer, and functional studies of GSTM5 were conducted using GSTM5 overexpression in cultured bladder cancer cells. Clinical analysis revealed that the GSTM5 mRNA expression was lower in bladder cancer tissues than in normal tissues and that the level of GSTM5 DNA methylation was higher in bladder cancer tissues than in normal urine pellets. Overexpression of GSTM5 decreased cell proliferation, migration and colony formation capacity. Glutathione (GSH) assay results indicated that cellular GSH concentration was decreased by GSTM5 expression and that GSH supplementation reversed the decrease in proliferation and migration of cells overexpressing GSTM5. By contrast, a GSH synthesis inhibitor significantly decreased 5637 cell GSH levels, survival and migration. Furthermore, GSTM5 overexpression inhibited the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. To elucidate the effect of GSTM5 on anticancer drugs used to treat bladder cancer, cellular viability was compared between cells with or without GSTM5 overexpression. GSTM5-overexpressed cells showed no significant change in the cytotoxicity of cisplatin or mitomycin C in 5637, RT4 and BFTC 905 cells. Though a degree of resistance to doxorubicin was noted in 5637 cells overexpressing GSTM5, no such resistance was observed in RT4 and BFTC 905 cells. In summary, GSTM5 plays a tumor suppressor role in bladder cancer cells without significantly affecting chemoresistance to cisplatin and mitomycin C, and the cellular GSH levels highlight a key mechanism underlying the cancer inhibition effect of GSTM5. These findings suggest that low gene expression and high DNA methylation levels of GSTM5 may act as tumor markers for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Chin Jou
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asian University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Chieh Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 437, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chang Dia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tsung Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hua Yu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Chin Chen
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huang Shen
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asian University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
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Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of flavonoid glucuronides (wogonoside, baicalin, and apigenin-glucuronide) in the bile and blood samples: Application to a portal vein infusion study. Anal Biochem 2020; 601:113723. [PMID: 32298642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucuronidation is one of the major metabolic pathways for flavonoids. However, quantification of flavonoid glucuronides in biological samples, especially in the bile, is sometimes challenging due to signal suppression by bile acids. The purpose of this study is to establish a robust LC-MS/MS method for directly measuring flavonoid glucuronides in bile and blood. Wogonoside (wogonin-7-O-glucuronide), baicalin (baicalein-7-O-glucuronide) and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide were used as the model compounds and taurocholic acid (T-CA) were used as the model bile acid to establish the method. Bile samples were processed using solid phase extraction (SPE) and blood samples were prepared using protein precipitation method. The analytes were separated on a Resteck HPLC (50 mm × 2.1 mm ID, 1.7 μm) column using acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water as the mobile phases. The mass analysis was performed in an AB Sciex 5500 Qtrap mass spectrometer via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive mode. The results showed that the linear range of the above three analytes were 10 nM-5000 nM in the bile and 1.56 nM-4000 nM in the blood, respectively. The recoveries of three glucuronides were >85% and the matrix effects were <20% at low, medium and high concentrations in the bile and the blood. The results also showed that >90% of these bile acids were removed by the selected SPE procedure to facilitate glucuronide analysis. The validated method was successfully applied to a portal vein infusion study using rats to quantify baicalin, wogonoside, and apigenin-glucuronide in bile and blood samples.
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Negrette-Guzmán M. Combinations of the antioxidants sulforaphane or curcumin and the conventional antineoplastics cisplatin or doxorubicin as prospects for anticancer chemotherapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 859:172513. [PMID: 31260654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drugs used in clinical oncology have narrow therapeutic indices with adverse toxicity often involving oxidative damage. Chemoresistance to these conventional antineoplastics is usually mediated by oxidative stress-upregulated pathways such as those of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). Accordingly, the use of antioxidants in combinational approaches has begun to be considered for fighting cancer because of both the protective role against adverse effects and the ability to sensitize chemoresistant cancer cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been identified as a mediator of the cytoprotection but it is not regularly associated with tumor chemosensitization. However, some Nrf2 inducers could be exerting cytoprotective and chemosensitizing roles through a simple integrated mechanism in which the cellular level of reactive oxygen species is controlled, thus inhibiting the oxidative damage in non-target tissues and the tumor chemoresistance mediated by NF-κB or HIF-1α. As examples to show the general idea of this antioxidant combination chemotherapy, this review explores the preclinical information available for four combinations, each composed by a paradigmatic oncological drug (cisplatin or doxorubicin) and a recognized antioxidant (sulforaphane or curcumin). The issues for translating these outcomes to clinical trials are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Negrette-Guzmán
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales (CINTROP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, 68002, Colombia.
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14
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da Silva LM, Frión-Herrera Y, Bartolomeu AR, Gorgulho CM, Sforcin JM. Mechanisms involved in the cytotoxic action of Brazilian propolis and caffeic acid against HEp-2 cells and modulation of P-glycoprotein activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1625-1633. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The effects of propolis and phenolic compounds (caffeic acid – Caf; dihydrocinnamic acid – Cin; p-coumaric acid – Cou) in the same quantity found in our propolis sample were investigated on human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) cells.
Methods
Cell viability, apoptosis/necrosis and cell cycle arrest, P53 and CASPASE-3 gene expression, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of propolis to induce doxorubicin (DOX) efflux using a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor (verapamil) were assayed.
Key findings
Propolis exerted a cytotoxic effect on HEp-2 cells, whereas isolated compounds had no effect on cell viability. Higher concentrations were tested and Caf induced late apoptosis or necrosis in HEp-2 cells, while propolis induced apoptosis, both probably due to ROS generation. P53 expression was downregulated by propolis but not by Caf. CASPASE-3 expression was correlated with induction of both early and late apoptosis, with both propolis and Caf alone upregulating its expression. Propolis induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and Caf at S phase. Propolis but not Caf may act as a P-gp inhibitor by modulating P-gp activity and inhibiting DOX efflux.
Conclusions
Propolis exerted cytotoxic effects on HEp-2 cells, and the mechanisms are discussed, showing its potential as an antitumour drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia M da Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Yahima Frión-Herrera
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ariane R Bartolomeu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mendonça Gorgulho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José M Sforcin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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15
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Oliveira LPG, Conte FL, Cardoso EDO, Conti BJ, Santiago KB, Golim MDA, Cruz MT, Sforcin JM. Immunomodulatory/inflammatory effects of geopropolis produced by Melipona fasciculata Smith in combination with doxorubicin on THP-1 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1551-1558. [PMID: 27747861 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geopropolis (GEO) in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) reduced HEp-2 cells viability compared to GEO and DOX alone. A possible effect of this combination on the innate immunity could take place, and its effects were analysed on THP-1 cell - a human leukaemia monocytic cell line used as a model to study monocyte activity and macrophage activity, assessing cell viability, expression of cell markers and cytokine production. METHODS THP-1 cells were incubated with GEO, DOX and their combination. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, cell markers expression by flow cytometry and cytokine production by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS GEO + DOX did not affect cell viability. GEO alone or in combination increased TLR-4 and CD80 but not HLA-DR and TLR-2 expression. GEO stimulated TNF-α production while DOX alone or in combination did not affect it. GEO alone or in combination inhibited IL-6 production. CONCLUSIONS GEO exerted a pro-inflammatory profile by increasing TLR-4 and CD80 expression and TNF-α production, favouring the activation of the immune/inflammatory response. GEO + DOX did not affect cell viability and presented an immunomodulatory action. Lower concentrations of DOX combined to GEO could be used in cancer patients, avoiding side effects and benefiting from the biological properties of GEO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Lopes Conte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno José Conti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Basso Santiago
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Center for Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Maurício Sforcin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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16
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Drozd E, Krzysztoń-Russjan J, Marczewska J, Drozd J, Bubko I, Bielak M, Lubelska K, Wiktorska K, Chilmonczyk Z, Anuszewska E, Gruber-Bzura B. Up-regulation of glutathione-related genes, enzyme activities and transport proteins in human cervical cancer cells treated with doxorubicin. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090581. [PMID: 27657126 PMCID: PMC5037565 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols will also be highlighted. In addition, the potential of polyphenols to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) via various mechanisms will be explained. Recently, the use of natural products as chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive drugs to overcome the side effects and resistance that arise from using chemical-based agents has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Polyphenol research is considered a promising field in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Bartolomeu AR, Frión-Herrera Y, da Silva LM, Romagnoli GG, de Oliveira DE, Sforcin JM. Combinatorial effects of geopropolis produced by Melipona fasciculata Smith with anticancer drugs against human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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19
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van Gisbergen MW, Cebula M, Zhang J, Ottosson-Wadlund A, Dubois L, Lambin P, Tew KD, Townsend DM, Haenen GRMM, Drittij-Reijnders MJ, Saneyoshi H, Araki M, Shishido Y, Ito Y, Arnér ESJ, Abe H, Morgenstern R, Johansson K. Chemical Reactivity Window Determines Prodrug Efficiency toward Glutathione Transferase Overexpressing Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2010-25. [PMID: 27093577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are often overexpressed in tumors and frequently correlated to bad prognosis and resistance against a number of different anticancer drugs. To selectively target these cells and to overcome this resistance we previously have developed prodrugs that are derivatives of existing anticancer drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) incorporating a sulfonamide moiety. When cleaved by GSTs, the prodrug releases the cytostatic moiety predominantly in GST overexpressing cells, thus sparing normal cells with moderate enzyme levels. By modifying the sulfonamide it is possible to control the rate of drug release and specifically target different GSTs. Here we show that the newly synthesized compounds, 4-acetyl-2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl etoposide (ANS-etoposide) and 4-acetyl-2-nitro-benzenesulfonyl doxorubicin (ANS-DOX), function as prodrugs for GSTA1 and MGST1 overexpressing cell lines. ANS-DOX, in particular, showed a desirable cytotoxic profile by inducing toxicity and DNA damage in a GST-dependent manner compared to control cells. Its moderate conversion of 500 nmol/min/mg, as catalyzed by GSTA1, seems hereby essential since the more reactive 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl doxorubicin (DNS-DOX) (14000 nmol/min/mg) did not display a preference for GSTA1 overexpressing cells. DNS-DOX, however, effectively killed GSTP1 (20 nmol/min/mg) and MGST1 (450 nmol/min/mg) overexpressing cells as did the less reactive 4-mononitrobenzenesulfonyl doxorubicin (MNS-DOX) in a MGST1-dependent manner (1.5 nmol/min/mg) as shown previously. Furthermore, we show that the mechanism of these prodrugs involves a reduction in GSH levels as well as inhibition of the redox regulatory enzyme thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) by virtue of their electrophilic sulfonamide moiety. TrxR1 is upregulated in many tumors and associated with resistance to chemotherapy and poor patient prognosis. Additionally, the prodrugs potentially acted as a general shuttle system for DOX, by overcoming resistance mechanisms in cells. Here we propose that GST-dependent prodrugs require a conversion rate "window" in order to selectively target GST overexpressing cells, while limiting their effects on normal cells. Prodrugs are furthermore a suitable system to specifically target GSTs and to overcome various drug resistance mechanisms that apply to the parental drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marike W van Gisbergen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet , SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO Lab), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center , Universiteitssingel 50/23, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Cebula
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet , SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet , SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Departments of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Astrid Ottosson-Wadlund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet , SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO Lab), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center , Universiteitssingel 50/23, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Radiation Oncology (MaastRO Lab), GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center , Universiteitssingel 50/23, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29425, United States
| | - Guido R M M Haenen
- Department of Toxicology, NUTRIM-School for Nutrition, Toxicology, and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Universiteitssingel 50/23, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Drittij-Reijnders
- Department of Toxicology, NUTRIM-School for Nutrition, Toxicology, and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Universiteitssingel 50/23, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hisao Saneyoshi
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN 2-1 , Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mika Araki
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN 2-1 , Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuko Shishido
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN 2-1 , Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN 2-1 , Hirosawa, Wako-Shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ralf Morgenstern
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet , SE 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Johansson
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Smith AJ, Oertle J, Prato D. Multiple Actions of Curcumin Including Anticancer, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Enhancement via Cyclodextrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2015.63029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Sreenivasan S, Krishnakumar S. Synergistic Effect of Curcumin in Combination with Anticancer Agents in Human Retinoblastoma Cancer Cell Lines. Curr Eye Res 2014; 40:1153-65. [PMID: 25495096 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2014.987870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a phenolic compound obtained from the rhizome of the herb Curcuma longa, is known to have anti-proliferative and anti-tumor properties. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of curcumin alone and in combination with individual drugs like carboplatin, etoposide, or vincristine in a human retinoblastoma (RB) cancer cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS A drug-drug interaction was analyzed using the median effect/isobologram method and combination index values were used to characterize the interaction as synergistic or additive. We also performed the apoptosis and cell-cycle kinetics study with single drugs in combination with curcumin in a human RB cell lines (Y79 and Weri-Rb1). RESULTS Curcumin caused concentration-dependent decrease in cell proliferation, cell kinetics, and also induced apoptosis in both the RB cell lines. When combination of curcumin with individual drugs like carboplatin or etoposide or vincristine was treated on to RB cells, both cell viability and cell cycling were reduced and increased apoptosis was noted, in comparison with single drug treatment. These effects were significant in both the cell lines, indicating the ability of curcumin to increase the sensitivity of RB cells to chemotherapy drugs. CONCLUSION Our in vitro findings showed that the combination of curcumin with single drug treatment showed marked synergistic inhibitory effect against RB cell lines. These results suggest that curcumin can be used as a modulator which may have a potential therapeutic value for the treatment of RB cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seethalakshmi Sreenivasan
- a L&T Department of Ocular Pathology , Vision Research Foundation , Sankara Nethralaya, Nungambakkam , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India and.,b Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Scholar , Pilani , Rajasthan , India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- a L&T Department of Ocular Pathology , Vision Research Foundation , Sankara Nethralaya, Nungambakkam , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India and
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Attaoua C, Vincent LA, Abdel Jaoued A, Hadj-Kaddour K, Baï Q, De Vos J, Vian L, Cuq P. Differential involvement of glutathione S-transferase mu 1 and multidrug resistance protein 1 in melanoma acquired resistance to vinca alkaloids. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2014; 29:62-71. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaker Attaoua
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
| | - Laure-Anaïs Vincent
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
| | - Aida Abdel Jaoued
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
| | - Kamel Hadj-Kaddour
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
| | - Qiang Baï
- Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie; Hôpital Saint-Eloi; 80 avenue Augustin Fliche Montpellier 34295 France
| | - John De Vos
- Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie; Hôpital Saint-Eloi; 80 avenue Augustin Fliche Montpellier 34295 France
- CHU Montpellier; Unit for Cell Therapy; Hôpital Saint-Eloi; INSERM; U1040 Montpellier F34000 France
| | - Laurence Vian
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
| | - Pierre Cuq
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie du Médicament; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (UMR5247); UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Université Montpellier I; 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491 Montpellier 34093 France
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Reszka E, Jablonowski Z, Wieczorek E, Jablonska E, Krol MB, Gromadzinska J, Grzegorczyk A, Sosnowski M, Wasowicz W. Polymorphisms of NRF2 and NRF2 target genes in urinary bladder cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1723-31. [PMID: 24919441 PMCID: PMC4160566 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1733-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE NRF2 transcription factor is involved in modulation of various antioxidant and metabolic genes and, therefore, may modulate anti-carcinogenic potential. Association between polymorphisms of NRF2 and five NRF2-regulated genes and urinary bladder cancer (BC) risk was analyzed. METHODS The study group included 244 BC patients, while the control group comprised 365 individuals with no evidence of malignancy. Genotyping of GSTM1 (deletion), GSTT1 (deletion), GSTA1 -69C/T (rs3957357), GSTP1 Ile105Val (rs1695), SOD2 Ala16Val (rs4880) and NRF2 -617C/A (rs6721961) in blood genomic DNA was performed by means of real-time PCR assays. The associations between gene polymorphism and BC risk were computed by logistic regression. RESULTS The frequency of GSTA1, GSTP1, SOD2 and NRF2 genotypes did not differ in both groups. A significantly higher BC risk was associated with GSTM1 null genotype after adjusting to age, sex and smoking habit (OR 1.85, 95 % CI 1.30-2.62; P = 0.001). GSTT1 null (OR 0.50, 95 % CI 0.31-0.81; P = 0.005) and GSTP1 Val105Val (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.27-0.98; P = 0.04) genotypes were associated with reduced BC risk separately or in combination (OR 0.24, 95 % CI 0.11-0.51; P < 0.0001) (P heterogeneity = 0.01). Combined GSTT1 null and SOD2 with at least one 16Val allele among never smokers encompass reduced BC risk (OR 0.14, 95 % CI 0.03-0.63; P = 0.01) (P heterogeneity = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS This study supports hypothesis that GSTM1 null genotype may be a moderate BC risk factor. The gene-gene and gene-environment interactions associated with combined GSTP1/GSTT1 and combined GSTT1/SOD2 genetic polymorphisms along with cigarette smoking habit may play a significant role in BC risk modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Reszka
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Teresy St. 8, 91-348, Lodz, Poland,
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Fang JH, Lai YH, Chiu TL, Chen YY, Hu SH, Chen SY. Magnetic core-shell nanocapsules with dual-targeting capabilities and co-delivery of multiple drugs to treat brain gliomas. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1250-60. [PMID: 24623647 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf)-tethered magnetic double emulsion nanocapsules (Lf-MDCs) are assembled from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles. The core-shell nanostructure of the Lf-MDCs (particle diameters from 100 to 150 nm) can simultaneously accommodate a hydrophilic drug, doxorubicin (Dox), and a hydrophobic drug, curcumin (Cur), in the core and shell, respectively, of the nanocapsules for an efficient drug delivery system. The release patterns of the two drugs can be regulated by manipulating the surface charges and drug-loading ratios, providing the capability for a stepwise adjuvant release to treat cancer cells. The results demonstrate that the dual (Dox+Cur)-drug-loaded nanocapsule can be effectively delivered into RG2 glioma cells to enhance the cytotoxicity against the cells through a synergistic effect. The combined targeting, i.e., magnetic guidance and incorporation of Lf ligands, of these Lf-MDCs results in significantly elevated cellular uptake in the RG2 cells that overexpress the Lf receptor. Interestingly, an intravenous injection of the co-delivered chemotherapeutics follows by magnetic targeting in brain tumor-bearing mice not only achieve high accumulation at the targeted site but also more efficiently suppress cancer growth in vivo than does the delivery of either drug alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hung Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ho Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lang Chiu
- Department of Medicine; Tzu Chi University, Neuro-medical Scientific center, Tzu Chi General Hospital; Hualien 970 Taiwan
| | - You-Yin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Yang Ming University; Taipei 112 Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsiu Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
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Reversing multidrug resistance by intracellular delivery of Pluronic® P85 unimers. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9602-14. [PMID: 24021757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pluronics have been demonstrated as excellent multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agent in the form of unimers rather than micelles. However, the effective intracellular delivery of Pluronic(®) unimers to MDR cancer cells still remains a big challenge. To address this issue, a mixed micellar system based mainly on the pH-sensitive copolymer of poly (L-histidine)-poly (D,L-lactide)-polyethyleneglycol-poly (D,L-lactide)-poly (L-histidine) (PHis-PLA-PEG-PLA-PHis) and Pluronic(®) F127, some of which was conjugated with folate, was constructed to intracellularly deliver the unimers of Pluronic(®) P85 to MDR cells. The folate-mediated endosomal pH-sensitive mixed micelles (pHendoSM-P85/f) were prepared by a thin-film hydration method, by which Pluronic(®) P85 unimers and doxorubicin (DOX) were incoporated into the mixed micelles. The incorporation of Pluronic(®) P85 unimers was investigated by the surface tension test. The results indicated that the Pluronic(®) P85 unimers probably first inserted into the binary mixed micelles and then formed a triple-component mixed micelles with Pluronic(®) F127 and PHis-PLA-PEG-PLA-PHis as the loading content increased. Further analyzed with flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and MTT assay, the micelles with inserted Pluronic(®) P85 unimers demonstrated much more cellular uptake and higher cytotoxicity against MDR cells than the triple-component mixed micelles and plain Pluronic(®) micelles. The enhanced MDR reversal effect was attributed to the successful intracellular delivery of Pluronic(®) P85 unimers to the MDR cells, which was confirmed by the subcellular colocalization of Pluronic(®) P85 unimers with mitochondria, the decreased ATP energy and mitochondrial membrane potential (MP) in the MCF-7/ADR cells. The pHendoSM-P85/f/DOX also demonstrated more dramatic antitumor efficiency and remarkable reduction of ATP energy in the MDR cells in tumors than the control formulations. The intracellular delivery of Pluronic(®) P85 unimers to the MDR cells based on the targeted and endosomal pH triggerd release mixed micelles has been demonstrated as a promising approach to reverse MDR.
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Norris L, Karmokar A, Howells L, Steward WP, Gescher A, Brown K. The role of cancer stem cells in the anti-carcinogenicity of curcumin. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1630-7. [PMID: 23900994 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers contain cell subpopulations that display characteristics of stem cells. These cells are characterised by their ability to self-renew, form differentiated progeny and develop resistance to chemotherapeutic strategies. Cancer stem cells may utilise many of the same signalling pathways as normal stem cells including Wnt, Notch and Hedgehog. The dietary agent curcumin exerts a plethora of anti-carcinogenic effects both in vitro and in vivo, and can also inhibit many of the signalling pathways associated with stem cell biology. Emerging evidence suggests that curcumin can exert its anti-carcinogenic activity via targeting cancer stem cells through the disruption of stem cell signalling pathways. In this review we summarise the ability of curcumin to interfere with signalling pathways Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, Signal Transducers and Activator (STAT) and interleukin-8, and report curcumin-induced changes in function and properties of cancer stem cells. We present evidence that the effects of curcumin on cancer stem cells mediate, or contribute to, its anti-carcinogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Norris
- Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
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Pesic M, Markovic JZ, Jankovic D, Kanazir S, Markovic ID, Rakic L, Ruzdijic S. Induced Resistance in the Human Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NCI-H460) Cell Line In Vitro by Anticancer Drugs. J Chemother 2013; 18:66-73. [PMID: 16572896 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2006.18.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of human non-small cell lung cancer cells (NCI-H460) to gradually increasing concentrations of doxorubicin resulted in the appearance of a new cell line (NCI-H460/R) that was resistant to doxorubicin (96.2-fold) and cross-resistant to etoposide, paclitaxel, vinblastine and epirubicin. Slight cross-resistance to two MDR-unrelated drugs 8-Cl-cAMP and sulfinosine was observed. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the accumulation of doxorubicin in the resistant cells was 88.4% lower than in the parental cells. Also, verapamil significantly decreased the efflux rate in NCI-H460 and NCI-H460/R cells, whereas curcumin inhibited the efflux in NCI-H460 cells only. Gene expression data confirmed the induction of mdr1 (P-gp), as judged by the observed 15-fold increase in its mRNA concentration in doxorubicin-resistant NCI-H460/R cells. In contrast, mrp1 and lrp expression was unaffected by the doxorubicin resistance. Further work should develop a rationale for a novel treatment of NSCLC with appropriate modulators of resistance aimed at improving the outcome of the acquired drug resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Curcumin/adverse effects
- Doxorubicin/adverse effects
- Doxorubicin/pharmacokinetics
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Etoposide/adverse effects
- Glutathione Transferase/metabolism
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Paclitaxel/adverse effects
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Rhodamines/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Verapamil/adverse effects
- Vinblastine/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pesic
- Institute for Biological Research, Department of Neurobiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro
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AbuHammad S, Zihlif M. Gene expression alterations in doxorubicin resistant MCF7 breast cancer cell line. Genomics 2012. [PMID: 23201559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many molecular mechanisms contribute to the development of doxorubicin resistance and different cancers can express wide and diverse arrays of drug-resistance genes. The aim of this study was to identify the changes in gene expression associated with the development of doxorubicin resistance in MCF7 breast cancer cell line. The doxorubicin resistant MCF7 cell line was developed by stepwise selection of MCF7 cells and was tested using the MTT assay. The alterations in gene expression were examined using the real-time based PCR array. The findings showed an up-regulation of many phase I/II metabolizing genes, specifically, the CYP1A1 and the CYP1A2 that were up-regulated by 206- and 96-fold respectively. Drug efflux pump genes were also up-regulated profoundly. TOP2A was strongly down-regulated by 202-fold. Many other changes were observed in genes crucial for cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA repair. The findings of this project imply that the development of doxorubicin resistance is a multi-factorial process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha AbuHammad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Kim J, Kim SY, Kang S, Yoon HR, Sun BK, Kang D, Kim JH, Song JJ. HSP27 modulates survival signaling networks in cells treated with curcumin and TRAIL. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1444-52. [PMID: 22449710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The combination of curcumin and TRAIL and their role in enhancing apoptotic cell death has been reported by many studies. However, the exact molecular mechanism of apoptosis mediated by curcumin and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is not yet completely understood. In this study, we observed a close connection between dephosphorylated Akt and an increase in phosphorylated heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) during combined treatment with curcumin and TRAIL. Akt dephosphorylation was cumulatively regulated by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1), and src. PP1 and PDK1 directly interacted with HSP27, whereas src indirectly interacted with HSP27 via the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 complex. In conclusion, HSP27 modulated cell survival by its interactions with various binding partners, depending on the level of phosphorylated HSP27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Kim
- Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tome ME, Frye JB, Coyle DL, Jacobson EL, Samulitis BK, Dvorak K, Dorr RT, Briehl MM. Lymphoma cells with increased anti-oxidant defenses acquire chemoresistance. Exp Ther Med 2012; 3:845-852. [PMID: 22529877 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation increases lymphoma risk. Chronic inflammation exposes cells to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Constant exposure to ROS selects for oxidative stress-resistant cells with upregulated anti-oxidant defense enzymes. The impact of oxidative stress resistance on the redox biology and chemotherapy response in lymphoma has not been rigorously tested. To measure the effect of antioxidant defense enzyme upregulation in lymphoid cells, we created oxidative stress-resistant WEHI7.2 thymic lymphoma cell variants. We selected a population of WEHI7.2 cells for resistance to hydrogen peroxide and constructed catalase-overexpressing WEHI7.2 transfectants. The WEHI7.2 variants had: i) increased catalase and total superoxide dismutase activities; ii) an altered GSSG/2GSH redox potential; iii) a more oxidized NADP(+)/NADPH pool; and iv) increased phase 2 enzymes, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and glutathione S-transferases μ and π. Regression analysis showed a correlation between the GSSG/2GSH redox potential and the increased phase 2 enzyme activities. As predicted from the anti-oxidant defense enzyme profile, the variants were more resistant to the oxidants hydrogen peroxide and paraquat. The variants exhibited resistance to the common lymphoma chemotherapeutics, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and glucocorticoids. These data indicate that chronic ROS exposure results in lymphoid cells with multiple changes in their redox biology and a chemoresistance phenotype. These data further suggest that lymphomas that arise at the site of chronic inflammation develop chemoresistance due to a combination of drug detoxification and removal of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Tome
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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Lok HC, Rahmanto YS, Hawkins CL, Kalinowski DS, Morrow CS, Townsend AJ, Ponka P, Richardson DR. Nitric oxide storage and transport in cells are mediated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 and multidrug resistance protein 1 via dinitrosyl iron complexes. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:607-618. [PMID: 22084240 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.310987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen monoxide (NO) plays a role in the cytotoxic mechanisms of activated macrophages against tumor cells by inducing iron release. We showed that NO-mediated iron efflux from cells required glutathione (GSH) (Watts, R. N., and Richardson, D. R. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 4724-4732) and that the GSH-conjugate transporter, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), mediates this release potentially as a dinitrosyl-dithiol iron complex (DNIC; Watts, R. N., Hawkins, C., Ponka, P., and Richardson, D. R. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 7670-7675). Recently, glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GST P1-1) was shown to bind DNICs as dinitrosyl-diglutathionyl iron complexes. Considering this and that GSTs and MRP1 form an integrated detoxification unit with chemotherapeutics, we assessed whether these proteins coordinately regulate storage and transport of DNICs as long lived NO intermediates. Cells transfected with GSTP1 (but not GSTA1 or GSTM1) significantly decreased NO-mediated 59Fe release from cells. This NO-mediated 59Fe efflux and the effect of GST P1-1 on preventing this were observed with NO-generating agents and also in cells transfected with inducible nitric oxide synthase. Notably, 59Fe accumulated in cells within GST P1-1-containing fractions, indicating an alteration in intracellular 59Fe distribution. Furthermore, electron paramagnetic resonance studies showed that MCF7-VP cells transfected with GSTP1 contain significantly greater levels of a unique DNIC signal. These investigations indicate that GST P1-1 acts to sequester NO as DNICs, reducing their transport out of the cell by MRP1. Cell proliferation studies demonstrated the importance of the combined effect of GST P1-1 and MRP1 in protecting cells from the cytotoxic effects of NO. Thus, the DNIC storage function of GST P1-1 and ability of MRP1 to efflux DNICs are vital in protection against NO cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiu Chuen Lok
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Yohan Suryo Rahmanto
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Charles S Morrow
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Alan J Townsend
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
| | - Prem Ponka
- Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Des R Richardson
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Ramos D, Gaspar J, Pingarilho M, Gil O, Fernandes A, Rueff J, Oliveira N. Genotoxic effects of doxorubicin in cultured human lymphocytes with different glutathione S-transferase genotypes. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 724:28-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mimeault M, Batra SK. Potential applications of curcumin and its novel synthetic analogs and nanotechnology-based formulations in cancer prevention and therapy. Chin Med 2011; 6:31. [PMID: 21859497 PMCID: PMC3177878 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has attracted great attention in the therapeutic arsenal in clinical oncology due to its chemopreventive, antitumoral, radiosensibilizing and chemosensibilizing activities against various types of aggressive and recurrent cancers. These malignancies include leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, brain cancer, melanoma and skin, lung, prostate, breast, ovarian, liver, gastrointestinal, pancreatic and colorectal epithelial cancers. Curcumin mediates its anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and apoptotic effects on cancer cells, including cancer stem/progenitor cells and their progenies, through multiple molecular mechanisms. The oncogenic pathways inhibited by curcumin encompass the members of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR and erbB2), sonic hedgehog (SHH)/GLIs and Wnt/β-catenin and downstream signaling elements such as Akt, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). In counterbalance, the high metabolic instability and poor systemic bioavailability of curcumin limit its therapeutic efficacy in human. Of great therapeutic interest, the selective delivery of synthetic analogs or nanotechnology-based formulations of curcumin to tumors, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs, may improve their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacies against cancer progression and relapse. Novel curcumin formulations may also be used to reverse drug resistance, eradicate the total cancer cell mass and improve the anticarcinogenic efficacy of the current anti-hormonal and chemotherapeutic treatments for patients with various aggressive and lethal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Mimeault
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
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Nautiyal J, Kanwar SS, Yu Y, Majumdar AP. Combination of dasatinib and curcumin eliminates chemo-resistant colon cancer cells. J Mol Signal 2011; 6:7. [PMID: 21774804 PMCID: PMC3162943 DOI: 10.1186/1750-2187-6-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer remains a serious health concern with poor patient survival. Although 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) is the standard therapy for colorectal cancer, it has met with limited success. Recurrence of the tumor after chemotherapy could partly be explained by the enrichment of the chemo-resistant sub-population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that possess the ability for self-renewal and differentiation into different lineages in the tumor. Therefore development of therapeutic strategies that target CSCs for successful treatment of this malignancy is warranted. The current investigation was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the combination therapy of dasatinib (a Src inhibitor) and curcumin (a dietary agent with pleiotropic effect) in inhibiting the growth and other properties of carcinogenesis of chemo-resistant colon cancer cells that are enriched in CSCs sub-population. Remnants of spontaneous adenomas from APCMin +/- mice treated with dasatinib and/or curcumin were analyzed for several cancer stem cell markers (ALDH, CD44, CD133 and CD166). Human colon cancer cells HCT-116 (p53 wild type; K-ras mutant) and HT-29 (p53 mutant; K-ras wild type) were used to generate FOLFOX resistant (referred to as CR) cells. The effectiveness of the combination therapy in inhibiting growth, invasive potential and stemness was examined in colon cancer CR cells. The residual tumors from APCMin +/- mice treated with dasatinib and/or curcumin showed 80-90% decrease in the expression of the CSC markers ALDH, CD44, CD133, CD166. The colon cancer CR cells showed a higher expression of CSCs markers, cell invasion potential and ability to form colonospheres, compared to the corresponding parental cells. The combination therapy of dasatinib and curcumin demonstrated synergistic interactions in CR HCT-116 and CR HT-29 cells, as determined by Calcusyn analysis. The combinatorial therapy inhibited cellular growth, invasion and colonosphere formation and also reduced CSC population as evidenced by the decreased expression of CSC specific markers: CD133, CD44, CD166 and ALDH. Our data suggest that the combination therapy of dasatinib and curcumin may be a therapeutic strategy for re-emergence of chemo-resistant colon cancer by targeting CSC sub-population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Nautiyal
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Kudugunti SK, Thorsheim H, Yousef MS, Guan L, Moridani MY. The metabolic bioactivation of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) mediated by tyrosinase selectively inhibits glutathione S-transferase. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 192:243-56. [PMID: 21458432 PMCID: PMC3706206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) play major roles in drug resistance in melanoma. In this study, we investigated caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as a selective GST inhibitor in the presence of tyrosinase, which is abundant in melanoma cells. Tyrosinase bioactivates CAPE to an o-quinone, which reacts with glutathione to form CAPE-SG conjugate. Our findings indicate that 90% CAPE was metabolized by tyrosinase after a 60-min incubation. LC-MS/MS analyses identified a CAPE-SG conjugate as a major metabolite. In the presence of tyrosinase, CAPE (10-25μM) showed 70-84% GST inhibition; whereas in the absence of tyrosinase, CAPE did not inhibit GST. CAPE-SG conjugate and CAPE-quinone (25μM) demonstrated ⩾85% GST inhibition via reversible and irreversible mechanisms, respectively. Comparing with CDNB and GSH, the non-substrate CAPE acted as a weak, reversible GST inhibitor at concentrations >50μM. Furthermore, MK-571, a selective MRP inhibitor, and probenecid, a non-selective MRP inhibitor, decrease the IC(50) of CAPE (15μM) by 13% and 21%, apoptotic cell death by 3% and 13%, and mitochondrial membrane potential in human SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells by 10% and 56%, respectively. Moreover, computational docking analyses suggest that CAPE binds to the GST catalytic active site. Caffeic acid, a hydrolyzed product of CAPE, showed a similar GST inhibition in the presence of tyrosinase. Although, as controls, 4-hydroxyanisole and L-tyrosine were metabolized by tyrosinase to form quinones and glutathione conjugates, they exhibited no GST inhibition in the absence and presence of tyrosinase. In conclusion, both CAPE and caffeic acid selectively inhibited GST in the presence of tyrosinase. Our results suggest that intracellularly formed quinones and glutathione conjugates of caffeic acid and CAPE may play major roles in the selective inhibition of GST in SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells. Moreover, the inhibition of MRP enhances CAPE-induced toxicity in the SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi K. Kudugunti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Helen Thorsheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Mohammad S. Yousef
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Lan Guan
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Majid Y. Moridani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 806 356 4750x225; fax: +1 806 356 4770. (M.Y. Moridani)
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Lin YL, Liu YK, Tsai NM, Hsieh JH, Chen CH, Lin CM, Liao KW. A Lipo-PEG-PEI complex for encapsulating curcumin that enhances its antitumor effects on curcumin-sensitive and curcumin-resistance cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 8:318-27. [PMID: 21704596 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A cationic liposome-PEG-PEI complex (LPPC) was used as a carrier for the encapsulation of hydrophobic curcumin to give curcumin/LPPC. Curcumin/LPPC had an average size less than 270 nm and a zeta potential of approximately 40 mV. The LPPC encapsulation efficiency for curcumin was about 45%. The authors found it surprising that the cytotoxic activity of the curcumin/LPPC was fivefold higher than curcumin when tested on curcumin-sensitive cells and 20-fold more active against curcumin-resistant cells. Curcumin/LPPC treatment caused a cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, which rapidly resulted in apoptosis. The increased cytotoxic activity of curcumin/LPPC is likely attributable to its rapid accumulation in the cell. In vivo, administration of curcumin/LPPC inhibited about 60 - 90% of tumor growth in mice bearing CT-26 or B16F10 cells. These results demonstrate LPPC encapsulation technology is able to enhance the effects of antitumor drugs. Use of this technology may provide a new tool for cancer therapy, especially for drug-resistant cancer. From the Clinical Editor: This team of investigators used a cationic liposome-PEG-PEI complex (LPPC) to encapsulate curcumin. The different delivery method resulted in the five-fold increase of cytotoxic activity against curcumin-sensitive cells and twenty-fold against curcumin-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Soltanian S, Matin MM. Cancer stem cells and cancer therapy. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:425-40. [PMID: 21318290 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumour cells that possess the stem cell properties of self-renewal and differentiation. Stem cells might be the target cells responsible for malignant transformation, and tumour formation may be a disorder of stem cell self-renewal pathway. Epigenetic alterations and mutations of genes involved in signal transmissions may promote the formation of CSCs. These cells have been identified in many solid tumours including breast, brain, lung, prostate, testis, ovary, colon, skin, liver, and also in acute myeloid leukaemia. The CSC theory clarifies not only the issue of tumour initiation, development, metastasis and relapse, but also the ineffectiveness of conventional cancer therapies. Treatments directed against the bulk of the cancer cells may produce striking responses but they are unlikely to result in long-term remissions if the rare CSCs are not targeted. In this review, we consider the properties of CSCs and possible strategies for controlling the viability and tumourigenecity of these cells, including therapeutic models for selective elimination of CSCs and induction of their proper differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Soltanian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Kanwar SS, Nautiyal J, Majumdar AP. EGFR(S) inhibitors in the treatment of gastro-intestinal cancers: what's new? Curr Drug Targets 2010; 11:682-98. [PMID: 20298154 PMCID: PMC3915939 DOI: 10.2174/138945010791170851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the past 10 to 15 years, a considerable progress has been made in the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) related malignancies, as number of agents expanded from only one in 1995 to seven in 2006. Current review describes the recent role of targeted therapies, specifically EGFR inhibitors in the treatment of GI cancers. Importance of dietary agents in the treatment and prevention of GI cancers is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailender Singh Kanwar
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
| | - Jyoti Nautiyal
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
| | - Adhip P.N. Majumdar
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml 48201, USA
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Xu H, Posner GH, Stevenson M, Campbell FC. Apc(MIN) modulation of vitamin D secosteroid growth control. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:1434-41. [PMID: 20488884 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A central paradox of vitamin D biology is that 1alpha,25-(OH)(2) D(3) exposure inversely relates to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk despite a capacity for activation of both pro- and anti-oncogenic mediators including osteopontin (OPN)/CD44 and E-cadherin, respectively. Most sporadic CRCs arise from adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutation but understanding of its effects on vitamin D growth control is limited. Here we investigate effects of the Apc(Min/+) genotype on 1alpha,25-(OH)(2) D(3) regulation of OPN/CD44/E-cadherin signalling and intestinal tumourigenesis, in vivo. In untreated Apc(Min/+) versus Apc(+/+) intestines, expression levels of OPN and its CD44 receptor were increased, whereas E-cadherin tumour suppressor signalling was attenuated. Treatment by 1alpha,25-(OH)(2) D(3) or rationally designed analogues (QW or BTW) enhanced OPN but inhibited expression of CD44, the OPN receptor implicated in cell growth. These treatments also enhanced E-cadherin tumour suppressor activity, characterized by inhibition of beta-catenin nuclear localization, T-cell factor 1 and c-myelocytomatosis protein expression in Apc(Min/+) intestine. All secosteroids suppressed Apc(Min/+)-driven tumourigenesis although QW and BTW had lower calcium-related toxicity. Taken together, these data indicate that the Apc(Min/+) genotype modulates vitamin D secosteroid actions to promote functional predominance of E-cadherin tumour suppressor activity within antagonistic molecular networks. APC heterozygosity may promote favourable tissue- or tumour-specific conditions for growth control by vitamin D secosteroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Xu
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Curcumin inhibits the side population (SP) phenotype of the rat C6 glioma cell line: towards targeting of cancer stem cells with phytochemicals. Cancer Lett 2010; 293:65-72. [PMID: 20089354 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical curcumin, from the Indian spice turmeric, has many biological properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. We have examined the effects of curcumin on the rat C6 glioma cell line. Treated and control cells were analyzed by Hoechst 33342 dye and flow cytometry. We observed a decrease in the side population (SP) of C6 cells after daily curcumin treatment of the C6 cells. Direct incubation of curcumin to C6 cells during the Hoechst assay also decreased SP. Since SP has been associated with stem cell populations, curcumin may be a dietary phytochemical with potential to target cancer stem cells.
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Purine analogs sensitize the multidrug resistant cell line (NCI-H460/R) to doxorubicin and stimulate the cell growth inhibitory effect of verapamil. Invest New Drugs 2009; 28:482-92. [PMID: 19533022 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-009-9277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The resistant cell line NCI-H460/R and its counterpart NCI-H460 were used to investigate the ability of purine analogs to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) that seriously limit the efficacy of lung cancer regimens with chemotherapeutic agents. Two purine analogs, sulfinosine (SF) and 8-Cl-cAMP, exerted dose-dependent effects on cell growth in both parental and resistant cell lines. They significantly decreased mdr1 expression in NCI-H460/R cells. Low concentrations (1 microM) of SF and 8-Cl-cAMP in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) exerted synergistic growth inhibition in both cell lines. Pretreatment with SF and 8-Cl-cAMP improved the sensitivity to DOX more than verapamil (VER), the standard modulator of MDR. The increased accumulation of DOX observed after the treatment with SF and 8-Cl-cAMP was consistent with the results obtained with VER. VER stimulated the effect of 8-Cl-cAMP on DOX cytotoxicity and mdr1 expression. Combinations of either SF or 8-Cl-cAMP with VER at clinically acceptable concentrations exhibited synergistic effects on cell growth inhibition in the resistant cell line. SF and 8-Cl-cAMP modulated MDR in NCI-H460/R cells, especially when applied before DOX administration. This feature, together with their ability to reverse MDR, renders the purine analogs (in combination with VER) as potential candidates for improving the clinical activity of existing lung cancer therapeutics.
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Oh SH, Lee SY, Choi CH, Lee SH, Lim SC. Cadmium adaptation is regulated by multidrug resistance-associated protein-mediated Akt pathway and metallothionein induction. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:883-91. [PMID: 19557366 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms involved in adaptation of lung epithelial cells to cadmium (Cd), we established a cell line that exhibits Cd-resistance (RWI38). RWI38 showed approximately 5-fold greater Cd-resistance (MTT assays) than WI38 cells, and cross-resistance to Zn and cisplatin. RWI38 cells also demonstrated an upregulated level of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) and metallothionein (MT) (as shown by Western blot analysis and RT-PCR studies). The protein level of MRP decreased after Cd exposure in WI38 cells, but was sustained at high levels in RWI38 cells, leading led to enhanced calcein efflux. Cd induced Akt phosphorylation in RWI38 but not WI38 cells; this was prevented by probenecid or siRNA for MRP, both of which led to enhanced cell death, as demonstrated by capsase-3 activation and decreased cell viability. These results suggest a functional role for MRP in the regulation of the Akt pathway as well in the efflux pumping of drugs, thereby contributing toward the adaptation of cells to Cd toxicity. The findings of this study could be potentially beneficial in the design of therapeutic targets for Cd-induced tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Hee Oh
- Research Center for Resistant Cells, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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Jin J, Jones AT. The pH sensitive probe 5-(and-6)-carboxyl seminaphthorhodafluor is a substrate for the multidrug resistance-related protein MRP1. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:233-8. [PMID: 18924151 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cellular function is dependent on tight regulation of intracellular pH and numerous reports show cancer cells have abnormal pH values in the cytosol and organelles, such as lysosomes. 5-(and-6)-carboxyl seminaphthorhodafluor (SNARF-1) is a commonly used pH sensitive probe and was used here to determine cytosolic pH of HL-60 leukemia cells and a drug-resistant variant overexpressing multidrug-resistance related protein 1 (MRP1). Resistant cells accumulated significantly less SNARF-1 compared to parental cells but near control levels of probe accumulation were observed by preincubating cells with the specific MRP1 inhibitor MK571. Two new drug-resistant cell lines were generated following exposure to doxorubicin or daunorubicin and these upregulated MRP1 or P-glycoprotein expression, respectively. Experiments in these cells showed that reduced SNARF-1 accumulation was specific to MRP1 overexpression, as cells upregulating P-glycoprotein accumulated control levels of the probe. Confirmation that SNARF-1 is a MRP1 substrate was obtained using K562 and KG1a cells that have been shown to, respectively, constitutively express MRP1 and P-glycoprotein. Together, the data suggest that SNARF-1 is a substrate for MRP1 but not P-glycoprotein, and could therefore be used as a probe to distinguish between expression and activity of these 2 efflux proteins. Finally, we confirm that doxorubicin but not daunorubicin challenged MRP1 overexpressing HL-60 cells have elevated cytosolic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
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Meijerman I, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Combined action and regulation of phase II enzymes and multidrug resistance proteins in multidrug resistance in cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2008; 34:505-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hatcher H, Planalp R, Cho J, Torti FM, Torti SV. Curcumin: from ancient medicine to current clinical trials. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:1631-52. [PMID: 18324353 PMCID: PMC4686230 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-008-7452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1212] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is the active ingredient in the traditional herbal remedy and dietary spice turmeric (Curcuma longa). Curcumin has a surprisingly wide range of beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity. The pleiotropic activities of curcumin derive from its complex chemistry as well as its ability to influence multiple signaling pathways, including survival pathways such as those regulated by NF-kappaB, Akt, and growth factors; cytoprotective pathways dependent on Nrf2; and metastatic and angiogenic pathways. Curcumin is a free radical scavenger and hydrogen donor, and exhibits both pro- and antioxidant activity. It also binds metals, particularly iron and copper, and can function as an iron chelator. Curcumin is remarkably non-toxic and exhibits limited bioavailability. Curcumin exhibits great promise as a therapeutic agent, and is currently in human clinical trials for a variety of conditions, including multiple myeloma, pancreatic cancer, myelodysplastic syndromes, colon cancer, psoriasis and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hatcher
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Chien AJ, Moasser MM. Cellular mechanisms of resistance to anthracyclines and taxanes in cancer: intrinsic and acquired. Semin Oncol 2008; 35:S1-S14; quiz S39. [PMID: 18410794 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Taxanes and anthracyclines are two of the most potent and broadly effective classes of chemotherapeutic agents. However, resistance to these agents is common and significantly limits their potential. As such, there is a great need to understand the mechanisms underlying de novo and acquired resistance to these agents. Beyond the resistance barrier lies even greater potential to significantly alter the natural course of human cancer. This review discusses what we currently understand about the mechanisms of resistance to taxanes and anthracyclines. Preclinical models suggest a role for ATP-binding cassette transporters, tubulin isoforms, microtubule-associated proteins, tubulin gene mutations, and mitotic checkpoint signaling proteins in resistance to taxanes. Preclinical models also suggest that drug transport proteins, antioxidant defenses, apoptotic signaling, and topoisomerase modulation may mediate anthracycline resistance. Many of these hypotheses remain untested in appropriately designed clinical studies, but limited clinical evidence will be reviewed. Epothilones represent a novel class of non-taxane microtubule stabilizing agents with distinct drug-resistance profiles. Potential mechanisms behind these differences and their potential role in the treatment of both taxane- and anthracycline-refractory patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jo Chien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is an orange-yellow component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), a spice often found in curry powder. In recent years, considerable interest has been focused on curcumin due to its use to treat a wide variety of disorders without any side effects. It is one of the major curcuminoids of turmeric, which impart its characteristic yellow colour. It was used in ancient times on the Indian subcontinent to treat various illnesses such as rheumatism, body ache, skin diseases, intestinal worms, diarrhoea, intermittent fevers, hepatic disorders, biliousness, urinary discharges, dyspepsia, inflammations, constipation, leukoderma, amenorrhea, and colic. Curcumin has the potential to treat a wide variety of inflammatory diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, psoriasis, etc, through modulation of numerous molecular targets. This article reviews the use of curcumin for the chemoprevention and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leelavinothan Pari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Giannini PJ, Morse MA, Weghorst CM, Pei P, Mallery SR. Functional activities and immunohistochemical cellular distribution of glutathione s-transferases in normal, dysplastic, and squamous cell carcinoma human oral tissues. Clin Med Oncol 2008; 2:159-68. [PMID: 20305732 PMCID: PMC2841403 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical data show a strong correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). While this association implies that the oral mucosa actively metabolizes carcinogens, there is little information which depicts the carcinogen metabolizing enzymes within the oral cavity. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) primary function is to detoxify carcinogens by increasing their water solubility, GSTs represent key carcinogen metabolizing enzymes. Notably, individuals with a null phenotype for certain GST isoforms are at an increased risk to develop cancer. This study investigated the function and distribution of GSTs in human oral tissues. Our results from this pilot study showed a trend towards higher GST activities in SCC tissues relative to normal mucosa. Also, relative to normal tissues, the SCC and epithelial dysplasia samples showed a more intense and uniform GST intracellular distribution. GST activities are increased in many high grade cancers. Similarly, our data suggest that GST upregulation occurs in at least a subset of precancerous and malignant oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Giannini
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, Nebraska
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Lev-Ari S, Vexler A, Starr A, Ashkenazy-Voghera M, Greif J, Aderka D, Ben-Yosef R. Curcumin augments gemcitabine cytotoxic effect on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Invest 2007; 25:411-8. [PMID: 17882652 DOI: 10.1080/07357900701359577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gemcitabine, the first-line agent in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, has shown limited clinical benefit. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) represent one of the most promising targets for cancer prevention and treatment. In this study, we investigated whether the phytochemical curcumin, a natural COX-2 inhibitor, can potentiate gemcitabine effect on survival of human pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS P34 (high COX-2 expression) and Panc-1 (low COX-2 expression) pancreatic cancer cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of gemcitabine (0.1-10 microM), curcumin (0-50 microM), and their combination. Cell viability was evaluated by XTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. COX-2, EGFR, and p-ERK1/2 expression was measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Curcumin increased the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine on cell viability as well as its pro-apoptotic effect in COX-2 positive, p34 cells, but not in COX-2 negative, Panc-1 cells. In p34 cells, combination of curcumin and gemcitabine downregulated both COX-2 and p-ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The increased cytotoxic effect of the combination on cell survival and on the induction of apoptosis in COX-2 expressing pancreatic cancer cells is probably associated with downregulation of COX-2 and p-ERK1/2 levels. This finding may contribute to the development of an effective treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Lev-Ari
- Department of Oncology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Shishodia
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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