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Kosnopfel C, Wendlinger S, Niessner H, Siewert J, Sinnberg T, Hofmann A, Wohlfarth J, Schrama D, Berthold M, Siedel C, Sauer B, Jayanthan A, Lenz G, Dunn SE, Schilling B, Schittek B. Inhibition of p90 ribosomal S6 kinases disrupts melanoma cell growth and immune evasion. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:175. [PMID: 37464364 PMCID: PMC10354913 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is frequently hyperactivated in malignant melanoma and its inhibition has proved to be an efficient treatment option for cases harboring BRAFV600 mutations (BRAFMut). However, there is still a significant need for effective targeted therapies for patients with other melanoma subgroups characterized by constitutive MAPK activation, such as tumors with NRAS or NF-1 alterations (NRASMut, NF-1LOF), as well as for patients with MAPK pathway inhibitor-resistant BRAFMut melanomas, which commonly exhibit a reactivation of this pathway. p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) represent central effectors of MAPK signaling, regulating cell cycle progression and survival. METHODS RSK activity and the functional effects of its inhibition by specific small molecule inhibitors were investigated in established melanoma cell lines and patient-derived short-term cultures from different MAPK pathway-hyperactivated genomic subgroups (NRASMut, BRAFMut, NF-1LOF). Real-time qPCR, immunoblots and flow cytometric cell surface staining were used to explore the molecular changes following RSK inhibition. The effect on melanoma cell growth was evaluated by various two- and three-dimensional in vitro assays as well as with melanoma xenograft mouse models. Co-cultures with gp100- or Melan-A-specific cytotoxic T cells were used to assess immunogenicity of melanoma cells and associated T-cell responses. RESULTS In line with elevated activity of the MAPK/RSK signaling axis, growth and survival of not only BRAFMut but also NRASMut and NF-1LOF melanoma cells were significantly impaired by RSK inhibitors. Intriguingly, RSK inhibition was particularly effective in three-dimensional growth settings with long-term chronic drug exposure and suppressed tumor cell growth of in vivo melanoma models. Additionally, our study revealed that RSK inhibition simultaneously promoted differentiation and immunogenicity of the tumor cells leading to enhanced T-cell activation and melanoma cell killing. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, RSK inhibitors exhibited both multi-layered anti-tumor efficacy and broad applicability across different genomic melanoma subgroups. RSK inhibition may therefore represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy for malignant melanoma with hyperactivated MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center Wuerzburg, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Simone Wendlinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center Wuerzburg, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Siewert
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Hofmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Wohlfarth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marion Berthold
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Siedel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Bastian Schilling
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
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Cykowska A, Hofmann UK, Tiwari A, Kosnopfel C, Riester R, Danalache M. Biomechanical and biochemical assessment of YB-1 expression in A375 melanoma cell line: Exploratory study. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1050487. [PMID: 39086667 PMCID: PMC11285636 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1050487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) plays a prominent role in mediating metastatic behavior by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Migratory melanoma cells exhibit two major migration modes: elongated mesenchymal or rounded amoeboid. Using A375 melanoma cell line and the YB-1 knock-out model, we aimed to elucidate biochemical and biomechanical changes in migration signaling pathways in the context of melanoma metastases. We subjected A375 YB-1 knock-out and parental cells to atomic force microscopy (stiffness determination), immunolabelling, and proteome analysis. We found that YB-1 expressing cells were significantly stiffer compared to the corresponding YB-1 knock-out cell line. Our study demonstrated that the constitutive expression of YB-1 in A375 melanoma cell line appears to be closely related to known biomarkers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, nestin, and vimentin, resulting in a stiffer phenotype, as well as a wide array of proteins involved in RNA, ribosomes, and spliceosomes. YB-1 knock-out resulted in nestin depletion and significantly lower vimentin expression, as well as global upregulation of proteins related to the cytoskeleton and migration. YB-1 knock-out cells demonstrated both morphological features and biochemical drivers of mesenchymal/ameboid migration. Melanoma is a highly plastic, adaptable, and aggressive tumor entity, capable of exhibiting characteristics of different migratory modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cykowska
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Ulf Krister Hofmann
- Department of Orthopedic, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Aadhya Tiwari
- Department of System Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rosa Riester
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marina Danalache
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Li X, Chen G, Liu B, Tao Z, Wu Y, Zhang K, Feng Z, Huang Y, Wang H. PLK1 inhibition promotes apoptosis and DNA damage in glioma stem cells by regulating the nuclear translocation of YBX1. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:68. [PMID: 36805592 PMCID: PMC9938146 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are the important cause of tumorigenesis, recurrence, and chemo(radio)resistance in glioma. Targeting GSCs helps improve the outcomes of glioma treatment. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family, which is highly conserved. In recent years, it has been suggested that increased levels of PLK1 and its activity are associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. We aimed to identify whether PLK1 plays a critical role in stemness maintenance and apoptosis regulation in GSCs. Here we identify that PLK1 inhibition can induce apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs, we have also delineat the possible underlying molecular mechanisms: PLK1 interacts with YBX1 and directly phosphorylates serine 174 and serine 176 of YBX1. Inhibition of PLK1 reduces the phosphorylation level of YBX1, and decreased phosphorylation of YBX1 prevents its nuclear translocation, thereby inducing apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs. We confirmed that YBX1 knockdown resulted in the apoptosis and DNA damage of GSCs. These findings uncover that PLK1 inhibition induces cell apoptosis and DNA damage in GSCs through YBX1 phosphorylation, providing new insights into the mechanism by which PLK1 inhibition contributes to the apoptosis of and DNA damage in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Li
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Liu
- grid.469564.cDepartment of Neurosurgery, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007 China
| | - Zhennan Tao
- grid.41156.370000 0001 2314 964XDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Kai Zhang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Zibin Feng
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yulun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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YB-1 as an Oncoprotein: Functions, Regulation, Post-Translational Modifications, and Targeted Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071217. [PMID: 35406781 PMCID: PMC8997642 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Y box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a protein with a highly conserved cold shock domain (CSD) that also belongs to the family of DNA- and RNA-binding proteins. YB-1 is present in both the nucleus and cytoplasm and plays versatile roles in gene transcription, RNA splicing, DNA damage repair, cell cycle progression, and immunity. Cumulative evidence suggests that YB-1 promotes the progression of multiple tumor types and serves as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. This review comprehensively summarizes the emerging functions, mechanisms, and regulation of YB-1 in cancers, and further discusses targeted strategies.
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Guens GP. YB-1 Protein in Breast Cancer (Scientific and Personal Meetings with Professor Ovchinnikov). BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:S86-S47. [PMID: 35501988 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922140073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the article, the author examines the properties of Y-box-binding protein (YB-1) and expression of the YBX-1 gene in various malignant tumors and provides the data from her own prospective study in breast cancer patients. YB-1 is a member of the highly conserved family of cold shock proteins with multiple functions in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. YB-1 is involved in embryogenesis; it ensures cell proliferation and protects cell from the action of various aggressive environmental factors. In adult organisms, YB-1 is involved in a variety of cellular functions that regulate malignant phenotype in several types of tumors. YB-1 is a molecular marker of tumor progression that can be used in clinical practice as both prognostic factor and a target for anticancer therapy. Our prospective clinical study showed that expression of YB-1 mRNA is an independent prognostic factor, as breast cancer patients expressing YB-1 have a lower disease-free survival rate, regardless of the tumor stage and biological subtype. We recommend determining the level of YB-1 mRNA expression as a prognostic test in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelena P Guens
- Department of Oncology and Radiation Therapy, Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, 127473, Russia.
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Shen J, She W, Zhang F, Guo J, Jia R. YBX1 Promotes the Inclusion of RUNX2 Alternative Exon 5 in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 15:301-310. [PMID: 34965997 PMCID: PMC9396021 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives RUNX2 plays an essential role during the odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). RUNX2 Exon 5 is an alternative exon and essential for RUNX2 transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of RUNX2 exon 5 alternative splicing in human DPSCs. Methods and Results The regulatory motifs of RUNX2 exon 5 were analyzed using the online SpliceAid program. The alternative splicing of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs during mineralization-induced differentiation was analyzed by RT-PCR. To explore the effect of splicing factor YBX1 on exon 5 alternative splicing, gaining or losing function of YBX1 was performed by transfection of YBX1 overexpression plasmid or anti-YBX1 siRNA in DPSCs. Human RUNX2 exon 5 is evolutionarily conserved and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. There are three potential YBX1 binding motifs in RUNX2 exon 5. The inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and YBX1 expression level increased significantly during mineralization- induced differentiation in DPSCs. Overexpression of YBX1 significantly increased the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs. In contrast, silence of YBX1 significantly reduced the inclusion of exon 5 and the corresponding RUNX2 protein expression level. Knockdown of YBX1 reduced the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) and the mineralization ability of DPSCs, while overexpression of YBX1 increased the expression of ALP and OC and the mineralization ability of DPSCs. Conclusions Human RUNX2 exon 5 is conserved evolutionarily and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. Splicing factor YBX1 promotes the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and improves the mineralization ability of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoxiang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenting She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Zhao J, Zhang P, Wang X. YBX1 promotes tumor progression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4859-4869. [PMID: 35116338 PMCID: PMC8797748 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most commonly seen malignancies of the head and neck, with increasing incidence and mortality. The Y-box-binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a type of oncoprotein which is related to the malignant phenotype of many cancers. It is reported that YBX1 could regulate tumorigenesis, recurrence, and metastasis in multiple cancers. However, little is known about its carcinogenic function and mechanism in LSCC. METHODS Firstly, Through Oncomine StarBase, we found that the YBX1 mRNA level was increased in a variety of cancer tissues, including in the LSCC, compared with normal tissues. We silenced YBX1 in LSCC cells using short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). Secondly, the biological function of YBX1 in LSCC cells was examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, the wound healing assay, and the transwell assay. Thirdly, the correlation between YBX1 and the PI3K/AKT pathway was verified by the western blot assay. RESULTS Expression of YBX1 is higher in a variety of cancer tissues, especially in the head and neck cancers. After transfected with lentiviral vectors, the expression of YBX1 was significantly silenced. Functionally, low expression of YBX1 promoted LSCC cell apoptosis and inhibited LSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The transfection of sh-YBX1 resulted in an obvious decrease in PI3K/AKT signaling molecules in LSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that YBX1 could promote LSCC cell progression through the PI3K/AKT pathway, providing new insights into a potential biomarker and target for LSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Long non-coding RNA MIR200CHG promotes breast cancer proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance by interacting with and stabilizing YB-1. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:94. [PMID: 34272387 PMCID: PMC8285504 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00293-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been identified as key regulators of tumorigenesis and development. We aim to explore the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA MIR200CHG in breast cancer. We found that MIR200CHG is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and is related to the tumor size and histopathological grade. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that MIR200CHG can promote breast cancer proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance. MIR200CHG directly binds to the transcription factor Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1), and inhibits its ubiquitination and degradation. MIR200CHG regulates YB-1 phosphorylation at serine 102, thereby affecting the expression of genes related to tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and drug resistance. Additionally, MIR200CHG partially affects the expression of miR-200c/141-3p encoded by its intron region. Therefore, MIR200CHG can promote the proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance of breast cancer by interacting with and stabilizing YB-1, and has the potential to become a target for breast cancer treatment.
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Alkrekshi A, Wang W, Rana PS, Markovic V, Sossey-Alaoui K. A comprehensive review of the functions of YB-1 in cancer stemness, metastasis and drug resistance. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110073. [PMID: 34224843 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Y Box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a member of the highly conserved Cold Shock Domain protein family with multifunctional properties both in the cytoplasm and inside the nucleus. YB-1 is also involved in various cellular functions, including regulation of transcription, mRNA stability, and splicing. Recent studies have associated YB-1 with the regulation of the malignant phenotypes in several tumor types. In this review article, we provide an in-depth and expansive review of the literature pertaining to the multiple physiological functions of YB-1. We will also review the role of YB-1 in cancer development, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance in various malignancies, with more weight on literature published in the last decade. The methodology included querying databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar for Y box binding protein 1, YB-1, YBX1, and Y-box-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Alkrekshi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.; MetroHealth Medical Center, Rammelkamp Center for Research, R457, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.; MetroHealth Medical Center, Rammelkamp Center for Research, R457, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Priyanka Shailendra Rana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.; MetroHealth Medical Center, Rammelkamp Center for Research, R457, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Vesna Markovic
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Rammelkamp Center for Research, R457, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Khalid Sossey-Alaoui
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.; MetroHealth Medical Center, Rammelkamp Center for Research, R457, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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The long non-coding RNA MIR31HG regulates the senescence associated secretory phenotype. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2459. [PMID: 33911076 PMCID: PMC8080841 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence provides a barrier against malignant transformation. However, it can also promote cancer through the secretion of a plethora of factors released by senescent cells, called the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We have previously shown that in proliferating cells, nuclear lncRNA MIR31HG inhibits p16/CDKN2A expression through interaction with polycomb repressor complexes and that during BRAF-induced senescence, MIR31HG is overexpressed and translocates to the cytoplasm. Here, we show that MIR31HG regulates the expression and secretion of a subset of SASP components during BRAF-induced senescence. The SASP secreted from senescent cells depleted for MIR31HG fails to induce paracrine invasion without affecting the growth inhibitory effect. Mechanistically, MIR31HG interacts with YBX1 facilitating its phosphorylation at serine 102 (p-YBX1S102) by the kinase RSK. p-YBX1S102 induces IL1A translation which activates the transcription of the other SASP mRNAs. Our results suggest a dual role for MIR31HG in senescence depending on its localization and points to the lncRNA as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of senescence-related pathologies. Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) involves secretion of factors such as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here the authors show that MIR31HG regulates the expression and secretion of a subset of SASP components that induce paracrine invasion, through interaction with YBX1 and induction of IL1A translation.
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Y-Box Binding Protein-1: A Neglected Target in Pediatric Brain Tumors? Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:375-387. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Mechanisms of tRNA-derived fragments and tRNA halves in cancer treatment resistance. Biomark Res 2020; 8:52. [PMID: 33072328 PMCID: PMC7559774 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNAs) are newly discovered noncoding RNAs in recent years. They are derived from specific cleavage of mature and pre-tRNAs and expressed in various cancers. They enhance cell proliferation and metastasis or inhibit cancer progression. Many studies have investigated their roles in the diagnosis, progression, metastasis, and prognosis of various cancers, but the mechanisms through which they are involved in resistance to cancer treatment are unclear. This review outlines the classification of tRFs and tiRNAs and their mechanisms in cancer drug resistance, thus providing new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Mehta S, Algie M, Al-Jabry T, McKinney C, Kannan S, Verma CS, Ma W, Zhang J, Bartolec TK, Masamsetti VP, Parker K, Henderson L, Gould ML, Bhatia P, Harfoot R, Chircop M, Kleffmann T, Cohen SB, Woolley AG, Cesare AJ, Braithwaite A. Critical Role for Cold Shock Protein YB-1 in Cytokinesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092473. [PMID: 32882852 PMCID: PMC7565962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Y-box-binding protein-1, YB-1, plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle, although precisely how it does the is unknown. Using live cell imaging, we show that YB-1 is essential for initiating the last step of cell division (cytokinesis), required for creation of two daughter cells. Using confocal microscopy we showed that YB-1 regulates the spatial distribution of key proteins essential for cytokinesis to occur and that this required YB-1 to be phosphorylated on several residues. In-silico modeling demonstrated that modifications at these residues resulted in conformational changes in YB-1 protein allowing it to interact with proteins essential for cytokinesis. As many cancers have high levels YB-1 and these are associated with poor prognosis, our data suggest developing small molecule inhibitors to block YB-1 phosphorylation could be a novel approach to cancer therapy. Abstract High levels of the cold shock protein Y-box-binding protein-1, YB-1, are tightly correlated with increased cell proliferation and progression. However, the precise mechanism by which YB-1 regulates proliferation is unknown. Here, we found that YB-1 depletion in several cancer cell lines and in immortalized fibroblasts resulted in cytokinesis failure and consequent multinucleation. Rescue experiments indicated that YB-1 was required for completion of cytokinesis. Using confocal imaging we found that YB-1 was essential for orchestrating the spatio-temporal distribution of the microtubules, β-actin and the chromosome passenger complex (CPC) to define the cleavage plane. We show that phosphorylation at six serine residues was essential for cytokinesis, of which novel sites were identified using mass spectrometry. Using atomistic modelling we show how phosphorylation at multiple sites alters YB-1 conformation, allowing it to interact with protein partners. Our results establish phosphorylated YB-1 as a critical regulator of cytokinesis, defining precisely how YB-1 regulates cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-3-4797169
| | - Michael Algie
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
- Centre for Protein Research, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand;
| | - Tariq Al-Jabry
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Cushla McKinney
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Srinivasaraghavan Kannan
- Department of Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (S.K.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Department of Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, 07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671, Singapore; (S.K.); (C.S.V.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Weini Ma
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Jessie Zhang
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Tara K. Bartolec
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - V. Pragathi Masamsetti
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Kim Parker
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Luke Henderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Maree L Gould
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Puja Bhatia
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Rhodri Harfoot
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Megan Chircop
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Torsten Kleffmann
- Centre for Protein Research, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand;
| | - Scott B Cohen
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Adele G Woolley
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J Cesare
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
| | - Antony Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand; (M.A.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (L.H.); (M.L.G.); (P.B.); (R.H.); (A.G.W.); (A.B.)
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand
- Children’s Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (T.S.-J.); (W.M.); (J.Z.); (T.K.B.); (V.P.M.); (M.C.); (S.B.C.); (A.J.C.)
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, 6242 Wellington, New Zealand
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Meltendorf S, Fu H, Pierau M, Lindquist JA, Finzel S, Mertens PR, Gieseler-Halbach S, Ambach A, Thomas U, Lingel H, Voll RE, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. Cell Survival Failure in Effector T Cells From Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Following Insufficient Up-Regulation of Cold-Shock Y-Box Binding Protein 1. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1721-1733. [PMID: 32475063 DOI: 10.1002/art.41382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of cold-shock Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) for cell homeostasis is well-documented based on prior observations of its association with certain cancer entities. This study was undertaken to explore the role of YB-1 in T cell homeostasis and survival and the potential contribution of YB-1 to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS In the peripheral blood from 25 SLE patients and 25 healthy donors, the expression of YB-1 and frequency of T cell apoptosis was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting of CD4+ T cells ex vivo and also analyzed in T cells in vitro after 6 days of stimulation with anti-CD3-coupled or anti-CD3/anti-CD28-coupled microspheres. YB-1 was overexpressed using lentiviral transduction with wild-type green fluorescent protein (wtGFP) YB-1, and knockdown of YB-1 was achieved using specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) (3-fold reduction; P < 0.0001). RESULTS YB-1 expression was significantly lower in apoptosis-prone T cells and in activated T cells from SLE patients compared to YB-1 expression in nonapoptotic T cells and activated T cells from healthy donors (P = 0.001). Knockdown of YB-1 in T cells consequently led to expression of proapoptotic molecules and caspase 3 activation (1.6-fold), and subsequently, to apoptosis. Furthermore, YB-1 promoted survival pathways involving enhanced protein expression of the kinase Akt (2-fold) and Bcl-2 (3-fold), even when Fas/CD95 was triggered. YB-1-mediated T cell survival was reversed by Akt and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inactivation. In SLE patients, rescue of YB-1 expression strongly promoted survival of T cells and even prevented cell death in T cells that were extremely apoptosis-prone. CONCLUSION Our data show that failure of YB-1 up-regulation in T cells from SLE patients led to enhanced apoptosis. These findings imply that YB-1 plays a crucial role in the disturbed homeostasis of activated T cells leading to hematopoietic alterations in SLE. These insights may help facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meltendorf
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hang Fu
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Pierau
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Finzel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Endocrinology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Ambach
- Department of Dermatology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Holger Lingel
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, Otto von uericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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15
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Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Sauer B, Niessner H, Muenchow A, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Mertens PR, Garbe C, Thakur BK, Schittek B. Tumour Progression Stage-Dependent Secretion of YB-1 Stimulates Melanoma Cell Migration and Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082328. [PMID: 32824741 PMCID: PMC7464723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted factors play an important role in intercellular communication. Therefore, they are not only indispensable for the regulation of various physiological processes but can also decisively advance the development and progression of tumours. In the context of inflammatory disease, Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is actively secreted and the extracellular protein promotes cell proliferation and migration. In malignant melanoma, intracellular YB-1 expression increases during melanoma progression and represents an unfavourable prognostic marker. Here, we show active secretion of YB-1 from melanoma cells as opposed to benign cells of the skin. Intriguingly, YB-1 secretion correlates with the stage of melanoma progression and depends on a calcium- and ATP-dependent non-classical secretory pathway leading to the occurrence of YB-1 in the extracellular space as a free protein. Along with an elevated YB-1 secretion of melanoma cells in the metastatic growth phase, extracellular YB-1 exerts a stimulating effect on melanoma cell migration, invasion, and tumourigenicity. Collectively, these data suggest that secreted YB-1 plays a functional role in melanoma cell biology, stimulating metastasis, and may serve as a novel biomarker in malignant melanoma that reflects tumour aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (B.S.); Tel.: +49-931-20126778 (C.K.); +49-7071-29-80832 (B.S.)
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Heike Niessner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Alina Muenchow
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Peter R. Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Basant Kumar Thakur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (B.S.); Tel.: +49-931-20126778 (C.K.); +49-7071-29-80832 (B.S.)
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16
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Bates M, Boland A, McDermott N, Marignol L. YB-1: The key to personalised prostate cancer management? Cancer Lett 2020; 490:66-75. [PMID: 32681926 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a DNA/RNA binding protein increasingly implicated in the regulation of cancer cell biology. Normally located in the cytoplasm, nuclear localisation in prostate cancer is associated with more aggressive, potentially treatment-resistant disease. This is attributed to the ability of YB-1 to act as a transcription factor for various target genes associated with androgen receptor signalling, survival, DNA repair, proliferation, invasion, differentiation, angiogenesis and hypoxia. This review aims to examine the clinical potential of YB-1 in the detection and therapeutic management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna Boland
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology Group, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation Therapy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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17
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Laman AG, Shepelyakovskaya AO, Brovko FA, Sizova SV, Artemyev MV, Oleinikov VA. Application of Monoclonal Antibodies and Phage Display Technology for YB-1 Protein Analysis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Johnson TG, Schelch K, Mehta S, Burgess A, Reid G. Why Be One Protein When You Can Affect Many? The Multiple Roles of YB-1 in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:221. [PMID: 31632972 PMCID: PMC6781797 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancers and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) have some of the worst 5-year survival rates of all cancer types, primarily due to a lack of effective treatment options for most patients. Targeted therapies have shown some promise in thoracic cancers, although efficacy is limited only to patients harboring specific mutations or target expression. Although a number of actionable mutations have now been identified, a large population of thoracic cancer patients have no therapeutic options outside of first-line chemotherapy. It is therefore crucial to identify alternative targets that might lead to the development of new ways of treating patients diagnosed with these diseases. The multifunctional oncoprotein Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) could serve as one such target. Recent studies also link this protein to many inherent behaviors of thoracic cancer cells such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis and involvement in cancer stem-like cells. Here, we review the regulation of YB-1 at the transcriptional, translational, post-translational and sub-cellular levels in thoracic cancer and discuss its potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Catalyst Translational Cancer Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- Cell Division Laboratory, The ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Zheng H, Zhan Y, Zhang Y, Liu S, Lu J, Yang Y, Wen Q, Fan S. Elevated expression of G3BP1 associates with YB1 and p-AKT and predicts poor prognosis in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients after surgical resection. Cancer Med 2019; 8:6894-6903. [PMID: 31560169 PMCID: PMC6853815 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose G3BP1 is an RNA‐binding protein and plays roles in regulating signaling pathway. YB‐1 is a DNA/RNA binding protein encoded by YBX1 gene. Phosphorylated AKT (p‐AKT) acts as a pivotal molecule in PI3K/AKT pathway. YB‐1 drives stress granules (SGs) formation by activating G3BP1 translation under diverse conditions. SGs are involved in many different metabolic and signaling pathways which may include PI3K/AKT/mTOR. So far, there has been no report on the relationship between expression of G3BP1, p‐AKT, and YB1 and clinicopathological features/prognosis in surgically resected nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods In this study, data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) were downloaded to investigate the mRNA expression of G3BP1 and YB1 (YBX1) and their correlation in NSCLC. Also, expression of G3BP1, YB1, and p‐AKT proteins was studied using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays of NSCLC and in noncancerous lung tissues. Results We found that the mRNA expression of G3BP1 and YB1 was higher in NSCLC tissues (both P < .05), and G3BP1 was positively correlated with YB1 in mRNA level (r = .399, P < .001). Also, expression of G3BP1, YB1, and p‐AKT proteins was higher in NSCLC tissues (all P < .05). And higher expression of G3BP1 and YB1 proteins was seen in patients with clinical stage II and III compared with stage I (both P < .05). Besides, expression of G3BP1 protein had a positive correlation with YB1 and p‐AKT (both P < .05). Moreover, overall survival was shorter in patients with overexpression of G3BP1, YB1, and p‐AKT proteins (all P < .05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that overexpression of G3BP1 protein was an independent poorer prognostic factor for NSCLC patients (P = .039). Conclusion G3BP1 may play a crucial role in activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. G3BP1 might be served as a novel prognostic biomarker for surgically resected NSCLC patients, which afforded new insights into the study on the mechanism and therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sile Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Orthogonal assays for the identification of inhibitors of the single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein YB-1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:997-1007. [PMID: 31649849 PMCID: PMC6804448 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that high expression of the nucleic acid binding factor YB-1 is strongly associated with poor prognosis in a variety of cancer types. The 3-dimensional protein structure of YB-1 has yet to be determined and its role in transcriptional regulation remains elusive. Drug targeting of transcription factors is often thought to be difficult and there are very few published high-throughput screening approaches. YB-1 predominantly binds to single-stranded nucleic acids, adding further difficulty to drug discovery. Therefore, we have developed two novel screening assays to detect compounds that interfere with the transcriptional activation properties of YB-1, both of which may be generalizable to screen for inhibitors of other nucleic acid binding molecules. The first approach is a cell-based luciferase reporter gene assay that measures the level of activation of a fragment of the E2F1 promoter by YB-1. The second approach is a novel application of the AlphaScreen system, to detect interference of YB-1 interaction with a single-stranded DNA binding site. These complementary assays examine YB-1 binding to two discrete nucleic acid sequences using two different luminescent signal outputs and were employed sequentially to screen 7360 small molecule compounds leading to the identification of three putative YB-1 inhibitors.
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Key Words
- AlphaScreen
- CSD, cold shock domain
- CTD, C-terminal domain
- Cancer
- DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide
- E2F1, E2F transcription factor 1
- EGR1, early growth response 1
- HTS, high-throughput screening
- Luciferase
- NTD, N-terminal domain
- Single-stranded DNA
- Transcription factor
- YB-1
- YB-1, Y-box binding protein-1
- YBX1, Y-box binding protein gene 1
- cDNA, complementary DNA
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- shRNA, short-hairpin RNA
- siRNA, small-interfering RNA
- ssDNA, single-stranded DNA
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Czolk R, Schwarz N, Koch H, Schötterl S, Wuttke TV, Holm PS, Huber SM, Naumann U. Irradiation enhances the therapeutic effect of the oncolytic adenovirus XVir-N-31 in brain tumor initiating cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1484-1494. [PMID: 31432139 PMCID: PMC6713431 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy using oncolytic viruses is an upcoming therapy strategy for cancer treatment. A variety of preclinical and clinical trials have indicated that adenoviruses may be used as potent agents in the treatment of a variety of cancers, and also for the treatment of brain tumors. In these studies, it has also been shown that oncovirotherapy is safe in terms of toxicity and side effects. In addition, previous studies have presented evidence for a significant role of oncovirotherapy in the activation of anti‑tumor immune responses. With regard to oncolytic adenoviruses, we have demonstrated previously that the multifunctional protein Y‑box binding protein‑1 (YB‑1) is a potent factor that was used to develop an YB‑1‑dependent oncolytic adenovirus (XVir‑N‑31). XVir‑N‑31 provides the opportunity for tumor‑selective replication and exhibited marked oncolytic properties in a mouse glioma tumor model using therapy‑resistant brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs). In a number of, but not all, patients with glioma, YB‑1 is primarily located in the nucleus; this promotes XVir‑N‑31‑replication and subsequently tumor cell lysis. However, in certain BTICs, only a small amount of YB‑1 has been identified to be nuclear, and therefore virus replication is suboptimal. YB‑1 in BTICs was demonstrated to be translocated into the nucleus following irradiation, which was accompanied by an enhancement in XVir‑N‑31 production. R28 glioma spheres implanted in living organotypic human brain slices exhibited a significantly delayed growth rate when pre‑irradiated prior to XVir‑N‑31‑infection as compared with single treatment methods. Consistent with the in vitro data, R28 glioma‑bearing mice exhibited a prolonged mean and median survival following single tumor irradiation prior to intratumoral XVir‑N‑31 injection, compared with the single treatment methods. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that in an experimental glioma model, tumor irradiation strengthened the effect of an XVir‑N‑31‑based oncovirotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Czolk
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Laboratory for Molecular Neuro‑Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen NeuroCampus, University of Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Niklas Schwarz
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen NeuroCampus, University of Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Henner Koch
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen NeuroCampus, University of Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Schötterl
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Laboratory for Molecular Neuro‑Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen NeuroCampus, University of Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas V Wuttke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Per S Holm
- Department of Urology, Hospital 'Rechts der Isar', Technical University of Munich, D‑81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan M Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Department of Vascular Neurology, Laboratory for Molecular Neuro‑Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen NeuroCampus, University of Tübingen, D‑72076 Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Kuwano M, Shibata T, Watari K, Ono M. Oncogenic Y-box binding protein-1 as an effective therapeutic target in drug-resistant cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1536-1543. [PMID: 30903644 PMCID: PMC6500994 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YBX1), a multifunctional oncoprotein containing an evolutionarily conserved cold shock domain, dysregulates a wide range of genes involved in cell proliferation and survival, drug resistance, and chromatin destabilization by cancer. Expression of a multidrug resistance-associated ATP binding cassette transporter gene, ABCB1, as well as growth factor receptor genes, EGFR and HER2/ErbB2, was initially discovered to be transcriptionally activated by YBX1 in cancer cells. Expression of other drug resistance-related genes, MVP/LRP, TOP2A, CD44, CD49f, BCL2, MYC, and androgen receptor (AR), is also transcriptionally activated by YBX1, consistently indicating that YBX1 is involved in tumor drug resistance. Furthermore, there is strong evidence to support that nuclear localization and/or overexpression of YBX1 can predict poor outcomes in patients with more than 20 different tumor types. YBX1 is phosphorylated by kinases, including AKT, p70S6K, and p90RSK, and translocated into the nucleus to promote the transcription of resistance- and malignancy-related genes. Phosphorylated YBX1, therefore, plays a crucial role as a potent transcription factor in cancer. Herein, a novel anticancer therapeutic strategy is presented by targeting activated YBX1 to overcome drug resistance and malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiko Kuwano
- Cancer Translational Research Center, St. Mary's Institute of Health Sciences, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shibata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Oncology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Watari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Oncology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Oncology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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23
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Liang C, Ma Y, Yong L, Yang C, Wang P, Liu X, Zhu B, Zhou H, Liu X, Liu Z. Y-box binding protein-1 promotes tumorigenesis and progression via the epidermal growth factor receptor/AKT pathway in spinal chordoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:166-179. [PMID: 30426615 PMCID: PMC6317961 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordomas are rare bone tumors with a poor prognosis and no approved targeted therapy. Y‐box binding protein‐1 (YBX1) promotes tumor growth, invasion and drug resistance. However, the role of YBX1 in chordoma is unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of YBX1 using immunohistochemistry and found that YBX1 was significantly upregulated in 32 chordoma tissues compared to distant normal tissues. In addition, YBX1 upregulation was associated with surrounding tissue invasion, recurrence and poor prognosis. Biological function studies demonstrated that YBX1 promoted cell proliferation and invasion, accelerated G1/S phase transition, and inhibited apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that YBX1 enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transcription by directly binding to its promoter in chordoma cells. YBX1 regulated protein expression of p‐EGFR, p‐AKT and its downstream target genes that influenced cell apoptosis, cell cycle transition and cell invasion. YBX1 activated the EGFR/AKT pathway in chordoma and YBX1‐induced elevated expression of key molecules in the EGFR/AKT pathway were downregulated by EGFR and AKT pathway inhibitors. These in vitro results were further confirmed by in vivo data. These data showed that YBX1 promoted tumorigenesis and progression in spinal chordoma via the EGFR/AKT pathway. YBX1 might serve as a prognostic and predictive biomarker, as well as a rational therapeutic target, for chordoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yong
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenlong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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24
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Han Y, Xu Z, Liu Y, Wei D, Zhang J, Xue L, Zhang X, Qin J, Deng H, Song L. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel Y-box gene from planarian Dugesia japonica. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1084-1089. [PMID: 30314702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Y-box binding protein (YB protein) is an ancient conserved multifunctional DNA/RNA-binding protein. A novel YB protein DjY2 gene from planarian Dugesia japonica was cloned by RACE method and characterized. This cDNA contains 689 bp with a putative open reading frame of 197 amino acids. It has a predicted molecular mass of 22.14 kDa and an isoelectric point of 9.67. Whole-mount in situ hybridization and relative quantitative real-time PCR were used to study the spatial and temporal expression pattern of DjY2 in the process of planarian regeneration. Results showed that DjY2 was expressed in many parts of the body in intact planarian, but the expression level was low in head and pharynx. The transcripts of DjY2 was significantly increased both at the head parts and the tail parts after amputation, especially at the site of cutting. The spatial expression gradually recovered to the state of intact planarian with the time of regeneration. Our results indicated that DjY2 might participate in the process of regeneration in planarian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Han
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Zhenbiao Xu
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Da Wei
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Le Xue
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Jie Qin
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Hongkuan Deng
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China
| | - Linxia Song
- College of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China.
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25
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Huang C, Tang Y, Sun C, Ju W, He X. Overexpression of RALY promotes migration and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5559-5572. [PMID: 30519104 PMCID: PMC6235007 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s182996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction RALY plays a critical role in promoting invasiveness and is associated with poor prognosis in different types of cancers. However, the prognostic value of RALY and its precise role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. Materials and methods We detected the expression of RALY in 127 clinical HCC tissue samples and seven HCC cell lines by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. The prognostic value of RALY expression was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. The expression and prognostic value of RALY were also studied by bioinformatics analysis of data from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas. The biological influence of RALY on HCC cell lines was studied using proliferation, transwell migration, and invasion assays in vitro. Results The expression of RALY in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal liver tissues. Abnormally high expression of RALY was associated with tumor size (P=0.031), TNM stage (P=0.026), presurgical serum AFP levels (P=0.025), and vascular invasion (P=0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that higher expression of RALY correlated with poorer overall survival and disease-free survival in HCC patients. High RALY expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for overall survival (HR =2.559, 95% CI: 1.710–3.827, P<0.001) and disease-free survival (HR =2.053, 95% CI: 1.384–3.047, P<0.001) in HCC. Moreover, knockdown of RALY expression using a specific shRNA suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of HCC cells in vitro. Knockdown of RALY expression in HCC cell lines resulted in upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, and snail. Conclusion Taken together, our results indicate that RALY represents a biomarker for the prognosis of patients with HCC and highlight the importance of RALY as an oncogene in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
| | - Chensong Huang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunhua Tang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
| | - Weiqiang Ju
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, , .,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China, ,
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26
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Sechi M, Lall RK, Afolabi SO, Singh A, Joshi DC, Chiu SY, Mukhtar H, Syed DN. Fisetin targets YB-1/RSK axis independent of its effect on ERK signaling: insights from in vitro and in vivo melanoma models. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15726. [PMID: 30356079 PMCID: PMC6200766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33879-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-proliferative activity of dietary flavonoid fisetin has been validated in various cancer models. Establishing its precise mechanism of action has proved somewhat challenging given the multiplicity of its targets. We demonstrated that YB-1 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and its inhibition suppressed tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), an important ERK effector, activates YB-1 to drive melanoma growth. We found that fisetin treatment of monolayer/3-D melanoma cultures resulted in YB-1 dephosphorylation and reduced transcript levels. In parallel, fisetin suppressed mesenchymal markers and matrix-metalloproteinases in melanoma cells. Data from cell-free/cell-based systems indicated that fisetin inhibited RSK activity through binding to the kinase. Affinity studies for RSK isoforms evaluated stronger interaction for RSK2 than RSK1. Competition assays performed to monitor binding responses revealed that YB-1 and RSK2 do not compete, rather binding of fisetin to RSK2 promotes its binding to YB-1. Fisetin suppressed YB-1/RSK signaling independent of its effect on ERK, and reduced MDR1 levels. Comparable efficacy of fisetin and vemurafenib for inhibiting melanoma growth was noted albeit through divergent modulation of ERK. Our studies provide insight into additional modes of regulation through which fisetin interferes with melanoma growth underscoring its potential therapeutic efficacy in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rahul K Lall
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Saheed O Afolabi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Anant Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Dinesh C Joshi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Shing-Yan Chiu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
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27
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Chua PJ, Lim JP, Guo TT, Khanna P, Hu Q, Bay BH, Baeg GH. Y-box binding protein-1 and STAT3 independently regulate ATP-binding cassette transporters in the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2579-2589. [PMID: 30221675 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) facilitates cancer chemoresistance through the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters associated with multidrug resistance, which is one of the primary obstacles in cancer treatment. Since aberrant Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling is also implicated in chemoresistance in numerous human malignancies, the interaction between YB-1 and JAK/STAT signaling was explored underlying the chemoresistance of NUGC3 gastric cancer cells. It was demonstrated that YB-1 translocated into the nuclei of NUGC3 cells exposed to doxorubicin hydrochloride, suggesting its important role in chemoresistance. Consistently, knockdown of YB-1 significantly decreased the chemoresistance of cells to doxorubicin hydrochloride and epirubicin hydrochloride, as evidenced by a decrease in cell viability. Notably, JAK inhibitor AG490 treatment further decreased the cell viability caused by YB-1 inhibition and doxorubicin hydrochloride. It was also observed that YB-1 transcriptionally regulated the ABCC3 transporter, whereas STAT3 modulated ABCC2 transporter levels. These findings suggest that YB-1 and STAT3 act together to facilitate chemoresistance via modulating the expression of different ABC transporters in NUGC3 cells. Notably, siYB-1 did not exhibit any significant effect on STAT3 expression. Similarly, siSTAT3 failed to alter YB-1 expression, suggesting that the two may not regulate each other in a mutual manner. However, double knockdown of YB-1 and STAT3 led to a synergistic inhibition of cell invasion in NUGC3 cells. Nonetheless, the combined treatment of YB-1 antagonists with STAT3 inhibitors may serve as an effective therapy in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jou Chua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Jia Pei Lim
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Tian Tian Guo
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Puja Khanna
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Qidong Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
| | - Gyeong Hun Baeg
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
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28
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YB-1 increases glomerular, but decreases interstitial fibrosis in CNI-induced nephropathy. Clin Immunol 2018; 194:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Sauer B, Busch C, Niessner H, Schmitt A, Forchhammer S, Grimmel C, Mertens PR, Hailfinger S, Dunn SE, Garbe C, Schittek B. YB-1 Expression and Phosphorylation Regulate Tumorigenicity and Invasiveness in Melanoma by Influencing EMT. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1149-1160. [PMID: 29743296 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma represents one of the most aggressive human tumor entities possessing a high tendency to metastasize. Cancer cells frequently exploit a highly conserved developmental program, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), to gain migratory and invasive properties promoting their metastatic spread. Cytoplasmic localization of the oncogenic transcription and translation factor Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a powerful inducer of EMT in breast carcinoma cells. Interestingly, EMT-like processes have also been observed in cutaneous melanoma despite its neural crest origin. Here, increased expression of YB-1 negatively affects patient survival in malignant melanoma and promotes melanoma cell tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo Intriguingly, this effect seems to be mainly mediated by cytoplasmic YB-1 that does not exhibit phosphorylation at serine-102 (S102). Moreover, S102 unphosphorylated YB-1 enhances the migratory and invasive potential of human melanoma cells in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems and facilitates acquisition of a mesenchymal-like invasive phenotype in the chick embryo model. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the cytoplasmic activity of YB-1 stimulates tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of melanoma cells by promoting EMT-like properties.Implications: This study reveals for the first time that YB-1 efficiently drives tumorigenicity and invasiveness of melanoma cells in its S102 unphosphorylated cytoplasmic state and that YB-1 expression represents a negative prognostic factor in primary melanoma patients. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1149-60. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Busch
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Dermateam, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schmitt
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Forchhammer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Grimmel
- FACS Core Facility, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hailfinger
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra E Dunn
- Phoenix Molecular Designs, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claus Garbe
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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30
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Hohlfeld R, Brandt S, Bernhardt A, Gorny X, Schindele D, Jandrig B, Schostak M, Isermann B, Lindquist JA, Mertens PR. Crosstalk between Akt signaling and cold shock proteins in mediating invasive cell phenotypes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19039-19049. [PMID: 29721182 PMCID: PMC5922376 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold shock proteins are up-regulated by cellular stress and orchestrate inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Enhanced cold shock protein expression promotes malignant cell transformation; up-regulation is detected in most cancers and associated with poor prognosis. Akt1, a serine/threonine kinase, is a potent oncogene, which activates pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways, and phosphorylates the cold shock domain. Unexpectedly, chicken-YB-1 abrogates PI3K-Akt-dependent oncogenic cell transformation in embryonic fibroblasts. Here, we addressed the question whether chicken and human Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) act differently on cell transformation, and how a related protein, DNA-binding protein-A (DbpA) behaves in comparison. NIH3T3 cells were transduced with lentiviral vectors encoding for myristoylated (constitutive active) Akt1, YB-1, DbpA, or shRNA targeting YB-1 expression. Colony formation assays showed that human YB-1 acts similar to chicken on Akt-dependent cell transformation. This activity was not titratable. Given the correlation of nuclear YB-1 and upregulated DbpA expression in a series of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (n = 40) the colony formation assay was extended to include ectopic DbpA expression. DbpA alone prominently induced cell transformation, which was enhanced when constitutive active Akt1 or concomitant YB-1 expression was present. Notably, co-expression of DbpA together with YB-1 abrogated the repressive effect on Akt1 signaling observed with YB-1 alone. Macroscopically, some colonies yielded a remarkable “invasive” phenotype. Thus, cold shock proteins may convey profound anti- and pro-oncogenic effects on Akt-dependent cell transformation. DbpA is able to overcome the anti-oncogenic effects seen with combined YB-1 and Akt signaling in an in vitro model of colonial growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Hohlfeld
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Brandt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Bernhardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xenia Gorny
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schindele
- Clinic of Urology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Jandrig
- Clinic of Urology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schostak
- Clinic of Urology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Sauer B, Niessner H, Schmitt A, Makino E, Forschner A, Hailfinger S, Garbe C, Schittek B. Human melanoma cells resistant to MAPK inhibitors can be effectively targeted by inhibition of the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35761-35775. [PMID: 28415756 PMCID: PMC5482615 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical availability of small molecule inhibitors specifically targeting mutated BRAF marked a significant breakthrough in melanoma therapy. Despite a dramatic anti-tumour activity and improved patient survival, rapidly emerging resistance, however, greatly limits the clinical benefit. The majority of the already described resistance mechanisms involve a reactivation of the MAPK signalling pathway. The p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), a downstream effector of the MAPK signalling cascade, has been reported to enhance survival of melanoma cells in response to chemotherapy. Here, we can show that RSK activity is significantly increased in human melanoma cells with acquired resistance to the BRAFV600E/K inhibitor vemurafenib. Interestingly, inhibition of RSK signalling markedly impairs the viability of vemurafenib resistant melanoma cells and is effective both in two-dimensional and in three-dimensional culture systems, especially in a chronic, long-term application. The effect of RSK inhibition can be partly replicated by downregulation of the well-known RSK target, Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1). Intriguingly, RSK inhibition also retains its efficacy in melanoma cells with combined resistance to vemurafenib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib. These data suggest that active RSK signalling might be an attractive novel therapeutic target in melanoma with acquired resistance to MAPK pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schmitt
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elena Makino
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Forschner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Hailfinger
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Effect of shRNA Mediated Silencing of YB-1 Protein on the Expression of Matrix Collagenases in Malignant Melanoma Cell In Vitro. Cells 2018; 7:cells7010007. [PMID: 29320405 PMCID: PMC5789280 DOI: 10.3390/cells7010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: YB-1 is a transcription and oncogenic factor capable of binding to DNA and RNA performing versatile functions within normal and cancer cells. Some studies reported the binding of YB-1 with a collagenases gene promoter and influencing their expression. In addition, the role of YB-1 in malignant melanoma was not elucidated. Thus, in this study, the aim was to knock down the expression of YB-1 in A375 malignant melanoma cancer cell using the shRNA approach and study its effect on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and expression of collagenases. Methods: A375 malignant melanoma cell lines were grown in standard conditions and were transfected with three plasmids containing a retroviral pGFP-V-RS vector, two of them containing targeting sequences for YB-1 mRNA. The third plasmid contained a scrambled mRNA sequence as a negative control. Expression of YB-1 was validated using immune-fluorescence staining, RT-PCR and western blotting. The cancer cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay, serial trypan blue cell counting and cell cycle flow-cytometry analysis. Expression of collagenases (MMP1, MMP8, and MMP13) was evaluated using RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. In addition, a wound-healing assay was used to assess cell migration potential. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni post hoc analysis to compare the quantitative results among samples. Results: The established silenced cell strains (P1 and P2) had nearly 70% knockdown in the expression of YB-1. These YB-1 silenced strains had a significant cell cycle-specific reduction in cell proliferation (p < 0.05 in serial cell counting and cell cycle flow cytometry analysis, p < 0.001 in MTT assay). In addition, YB-1 silenced strains had a remarkable reduction in cell migration potential. Expression of MMP13 was significantly reduced in YB-1 silenced strains. Conclusion: YB-1 oncoprotein is a promising target in the treatment of malignant melanoma. Silencing of this protein is associated with significant anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and MMP13 insulating properties in A375 malignant melanoma cancer cell lines.
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Rossi A, Moro A, Tebaldi T, Cornella N, Gasperini L, Lunelli L, Quattrone A, Viero G, Macchi P. Identification and dynamic changes of RNAs isolated from RALY-containing ribonucleoprotein complexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:6775-6792. [PMID: 28379492 PMCID: PMC5499869 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RALY is a member of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein family (hnRNP), a large family of RNA-binding proteins involved in many aspects of RNA metabolism. Although RALY interactome has been recently characterized, a comprehensive global analysis of RALY-associated RNAs is lacking and the biological function of RALY remains elusive. Here, we performed RIP-seq analysis to identify RALY interacting RNAs and assessed the role of RALY in gene expression. We demonstrate that RALY binds specific coding and non-coding RNAs and associates with translating mRNAs of mammalian cells. Among the identified transcripts, we focused on ANXA1 and H1FX mRNAs, encoding for Annexin A1 and for the linker variant of the histone H1X, respectively. Both proteins are differentially expressed by proliferating cells and are considered as markers for tumorigenesis. We demonstrate that cells lacking RALY expression exhibit changes in the levels of H1FX and ANXA1 mRNAs and proteins in an opposite manner. We also provide evidence for a direct binding of RALY to the U-rich elements present within the 3΄UTR of both transcripts. Thus, our results identify RALY as a poly-U binding protein and as a regulator of H1FX and ANXA1 in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Rossi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
| | - Albertomaria Moro
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
| | - Toma Tebaldi
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, CIBIO - Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Cornella
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
| | - Lisa Gasperini
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lunelli
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Povo (TN), Italy
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, CIBIO - Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Gabriella Viero
- Institute of Biophysics, CNR-Italian National Council for Research, via Sommarive 18, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
| | - Paolo Macchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento (TN), Italy
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Lu J, Li X, Wang F, Guo Y, Huang Y, Zhu H, Wang Y, Lu Y, Wang Z. YB-1 expression promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis that is inhibited by microRNA-216a. Exp Cell Res 2017; 359:319-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Maurya PK, Mishra A, Yadav BS, Singh S, Kumar P, Chaudhary A, Srivastava S, Murugesan SN, Mani A. Role of Y Box Protein-1 in cancer: As potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target. J Cancer 2017; 8:1900-1907. [PMID: 28819388 PMCID: PMC5556654 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Y-box binding protein (YB-1) is known to be a multifunctional transcription and translation factor during expression of several proteins. It is a vital oncoprotein that regulates cancer cell progression and proliferation. YB-1 is over-expressed in various human cancers such as breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, oesophageal cancer and glioblastoma. Nuclear expression of YB-1 is found to be associated with multidrug resistance and cancer cell progression. YB-1 is reported to regulate many cellular signalling pathways in different types of cancer proliferation. Knowledge about nuclear localization and nuclear level expression of YB-1 in different cancers has been correlated with prospective prognosis of cancer. This review discusses the prospects of YB-1 as a potential biomarker as well as therapeutic target in lieu of their role during cancer progression and multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alok Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, MNNIT Allahabad-211004
| | | | - Swati Singh
- Center of Bioinformatics, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002
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Wang W, Zheng Y, Jia J, Li C, Duan Q, Li R, Wang X, Shao Y, Chen C, Yan H. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 promotes the viability and invasion of skin squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating YB-1. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:499-506. [PMID: 28672959 PMCID: PMC5488501 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 serves a function in the host defense against microbial invasion, and also regulates cell proliferation, immune activity and angiogenesis. Previous studies have reported that LL-37 participates in the development of numerous tumour types, such as ovarian cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and breast cancer. However, the function of LL-37 in the development of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate how LL-37 promotes the expression of Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) in SCC. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to inhibit the expression of YB-1, and in vitro MTT and Transwell migration assays were used to evaluate the effect of reduced YB-1 on the viability and invasion of A431 cells. A431 cells were stimulated with LL-37, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence and western blot analyses were used to detect changes in YB-1 expression. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway inhibitors were also used to evaluate the mechanism of LL-37-induced YB-1 protein expression. It was found that YB-1 expression was increased in SCC tissue compared with normal tissue. Inhibiting YB-1 expression using siRNA significantly reduced the viability and suppressed the invasion of tumour cells (P<0.05 for both). LL-37 treatment at 0.05 µg/ml for 24 or 48 h significantly promoted YB-1 protein expression (P<0.05), and this was dependent on the NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that by upregulating the expression of YB-1, LL-37 can promote the occurrence and development of SCC, and this process involves the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jinjing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Changji Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Qiqi Duan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Ruilian Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China.,Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Caifeng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Huling Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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37
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Jia J, Zheng Y, Wang W, Shao Y, Li Z, Wang Q, Wang Y, Yan H. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 promotes YB-1 expression, and the viability, migration and invasion of malignant melanoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:240-248. [PMID: 27922666 PMCID: PMC5355658 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, is a multifunctional peptide with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, such as chemotaxis and neutralizing endotoxins. Previous studies have demonstrated that it LL-37 serves a functional role in the development of numerous types of cancer including ovarian, breast, prostate and lung cancer. However, its role in the development of malignant melanoma (MM) remains unclear. To determine the role of LL-37 and the potential interaction with Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) in MM, RNA interference, western blot, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, MTT and Transwell assays were performed. The current study demonstrated that LL-37 induced YB-1 expression, and increased tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion of A375 and A875 MM cell lines. In addition, inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) attenuated LL-37-induced YB-1 expression. These results demonstrate that, through the upregulation of YB-1 expression and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, LL-37 may promote the malignant progression of MM cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Jia
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Huling Yan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Bisio A, Latorre E, Andreotti V, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Harland M, Scarra GB, Ghiorzo P, Spitale RC, Provenzani A, Inga A. The 5'-untranslated region of p16INK4a melanoma tumor suppressor acts as a cellular IRES, controlling mRNA translation under hypoxia through YBX1 binding. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39980-94. [PMID: 26498684 PMCID: PMC4741874 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CDKN2A/p16INK4a is an essential tumor suppressor gene that controls cell cycle progression and replicative senescence. It is also the main melanoma susceptibility gene. Here we report that p16INK4a 5'UTR mRNA acts as a cellular Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES). The potential for p16INK4a 5'UTR to drive cap-independent translation was evaluated by dual-luciferase assays using bicistronic and monocistronic vectors. Results of reporters' relative activities coupled to control analyses for actual bicistronic mRNA transcription, indicated that the wild type p16INK4a 5'UTR could stimulate cap-independent translation. Notably, hypoxic stress and the treatment with mTOR inhibitors enhanced the translation-stimulating property of p16INK4a 5'UTR. RNA immunoprecipitation performed in melanoma-derived SK-Mel-28 and in a patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell line indicated that YBX1 can bind the wild type p16INK4a mRNA increasing its translation efficiency, particularly during hypoxic stress. Modulation of YBX1 expression further supported its involvement in cap-independent translation of the wild type p16INK4a but not a c.-42T>A variant. RNA SHAPE assays revealed local flexibility changes for the c.-42T>A variant at the predicted YBX1 binding site region. Our results indicate that p16INK4a 5'UTR contains a cellular IRES that can enhance mRNA translation efficiency, in part through YBX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bisio
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Networks, Centre for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elisa Latorre
- Laboratory of Genomic Screening, Centre for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Virginia Andreotti
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, DiMI, University of Genoa, Italy and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Mark Harland
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Giovanna Bianchi Scarra
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, DiMI, University of Genoa, Italy and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- Laboratory of Genetics of Rare Hereditary Cancers, DiMI, University of Genoa, Italy and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Laboratory of Genomic Screening, Centre for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Inga
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Networks, Centre for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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Wang J, Gibbert L, Djudjaj S, Alidousty C, Rauen T, Kunter U, Rembiak A, Enders D, Jankowski V, Braun GS, Floege J, Ostendorf T, Raffetseder U. Therapeutic nuclear shuttling of YB-1 reduces renal damage and fibrosis. Kidney Int 2016; 90:1226-1237. [PMID: 27591085 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Virtually all chronic kidney diseases progress towards tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In vitro, Y-box protein-1 (YB-1) acts as a central regulator of gene transcription and translation of several fibrosis-related genes. However, it remains to be determined whether its pro- or antifibrotic propensities prevail in disease. Therefore, we investigated the outcome of mice with half-maximal YB-1 expression in a model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. Yb1+/- animals displayed markedly reduced tubular injury, immune cell infiltration and renal fibrosis following ureteral obstruction. The increase in renal YB-1 was limited to a YB-1 variant nonphosphorylated at serine 102 but phosphorylated at tyrosine 99. During ureteral obstruction, YB-1 localized to the cytoplasm, directly stabilizing Col1a1 mRNA, thus promoting fibrosis. Conversely, the therapeutic forced nuclear compartmentalization of phosphorylated YB-1 by the small molecule HSc025 mediated repression of the Col1a1 promoter and attenuated fibrosis following ureteral obstruction. Blunting of these effects in Yb1+/- mice confirmed involvement of YB-1. HSc025 even reduced tubulointerstitial damage when applied at later time points during maximum renal damage. Thus, phosphorylation and subcellular localization of YB-1 determines its effect on renal fibrosis in vivo. Hence, induced nuclear YB-1 shuttling may be a novel antifibrotic treatment strategy in renal diseases with the potential of damage reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lydia Gibbert
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sonja Djudjaj
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Alidousty
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rauen
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uta Kunter
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Rembiak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerald S Braun
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tammo Ostendorf
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Raffetseder
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH-Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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40
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Xu J, Hu Z. Y-box-binding protein 1 promotes tumor progression and inhibits cisplatin chemosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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41
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Liu J, Sun X, Zhu H, Qin Q, Yang X, Sun X. Long noncoding RNA POU6F2-AS2 is associated with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Biochem 2016; 160:195-204. [PMID: 27033944 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvw025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancer types in the world, especially in some part of China. Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major subtype, which has been shown to be associated with unhealthy diet habit, smoking, environmental carcinogens etc. The OSCC often progress slowly, however, it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Thus it is imperative to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of OSCC. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) has emerged as a novel functional player transcribed from the genome. Here, we describe a novel lncRNA POU6F2-AS2 specifically expressed in OSCC. POU6F2-AS2 is involved in the DNA damage response and regulates cells survival after ionizing radiation. POU6F2-AS2 interacts with Ybx1 protein and regulates its chromatin localization. Our current study represents the first description of an OSCC associated lncRNA that modulates DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China and
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The 81st Hospital of PLA, Yanggongjing 34, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China and
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China and
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China and
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China and
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Troiano A, Lomoriello IS, di Martino O, Fusco S, Pollice A, Vivo M, La Mantia G, Calabrò V. Y-box Binding Protein-1 Is Part of a Complex Molecular Network Linking ΔNp63α to the PI3K/akt Pathway in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2067-74. [PMID: 25639555 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) typically lack somatic oncogene-activating mutations and most of them contain p53 mutations. However, the presence of p53 mutations in skin premalignant lesions suggests that these represent early events during tumor progression and additional alterations may be required for SCC development. SCC cells frequently express high levels of ΔNp63α and Y-box binding 1 (YB-1 or YBX1) oncoproteins. Here, we show that knockdown of YB-1 in spontaneously immortalized HaCaT and non-metastatic SCC011 cells led to a dramatic decrease of ΔNp63α, cell detachment and death. In highly metastatic SCC022 cells, instead, YB-1 silencing induces PI3K/AKT signaling hyperactivation which counteracts the effect of YB-1 depletion and promotes cell survival. In summary, our results unveil a functional cross-talk between YB-1, ΔNp63α and the PI3K/AKT pathway critically governing survival of squamous carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaelena Troiano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
| | | | - Orsola di Martino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pollice
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vivo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
| | - Girolama La Mantia
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
| | - Viola Calabrò
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II,', Naples, Italy
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Ahrens T, Silveira CGT, Banz-Jansen C, Rody A, Hornung D. Evaluation of YB-1 levels in patients with endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015; 191:68-71. [PMID: 26093350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is the evaluation of serum YB-1 levels in the diagnosis of endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN Serum samples of 12 patients with histologically confirmed endometriosis and of 10 control patients were collected. Western blot analysis was used to assess serum YB-1 levels. Groups were compared with Student's t-test or, if not normally distributed, with the Mann-Whitney test. Sensitivity and specificity for the potential diagnostic performance of serum YB-1 were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Serum YB-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with endometriosis (=0.004). The area under the curve was 0.867 (95% confidence interval 0.714-1.019) with sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 70% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Serum YB-1 levels in patients with endometriosis are significantly higher compared to control patients and may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorben Ahrens
- University of Lübeck, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Cassia G T Silveira
- University of Lübeck, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lübeck, Germany; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Allergy-LIM60, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Achim Rody
- University of Lübeck, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daniela Hornung
- University of Lübeck, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lübeck, Germany; Diakonissenkrankenhaus Karlsruhe Rüppurr, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Karlsruhe, Germany
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44
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Wang H, Sun R, Gu M, Li S, Zhang B, Chi Z, Hao L. shRNA-Mediated Silencing of Y-Box Binding Protein-1 (YB-1) Suppresses Growth of Neuroblastoma Cell SH-SY5Y In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127224. [PMID: 25993060 PMCID: PMC4438073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1), a member of cold-shock protein superfamily, has been demonstrated to be associated with tumor malignancy, and is proposed as a prognostic marker in multiple carcinomas. However, the role of YB-1 in neuroblastoma has not been well studied. To investigate the functional role of YB-1 in neuroblastoma, we established a YB-1-silenced neuroblastoma cell strain by inhibiting YB-1 expression using a shRNA knockdown approach. YB-1-silenced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exhibited a pronounced reduction in cell proliferation and an increased rate of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo xenograft tumor model. At molecular level, YB-1 silencing resulted in downregulation of Cyclin A, Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2, as well as upregulated levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP-1. We further demonstrated that YB-1 transcriptionally regulated Cyclin D1 expression by chromatin-immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. In addition, xenograft tumors derived from neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line were treated with YB-1 shRNA plasmids by intra-tumor injection, and YB-1 targeting effectively inhibited tumor growth and induced cell death. In summary, our findings suggest that YB-1 plays a critical role in neuroblastoma development, and it may serve as a potential target for neuroblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Ruowen Sun
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuofei Chi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangchun Hao
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hematology Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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45
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Zhang Y, Zhao PW, Feng G, Xie G, Wang AQ, Yang YH, Wang D, Du XB. The expression level and prognostic value of Y-box binding protein-1 in rectal cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119385. [PMID: 25790262 PMCID: PMC4366156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to simultaneously evaluate the expression of Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) in non-neoplastic rectal tissue and rectal cancer tissue, and to collect clinical follow-up data for individual patients. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the developmental functions and prognostic value of YB-1 in rectal cancer. We performed immunohistochemical studies to examine YB-1 expression in tissue samples from 80 patients with rectal cancer, 30 patients with rectal tubular adenoma, and 30 patients with rectitis. The mean YB-1 histological scores for rectal cancer, rectal tubular adenoma, and rectitis tissue specimens were 205.5, 164.3, and 137.7, respectively. Shorter disease-free and overall survival times were found in patients with rectal cancer who had higher YB-1 expression than in those with lower expression (38.2 months vs. 52.4 months, P = 0.013; and 44.4 months vs. 57.3 months, P = 0.008, respectively). Our results indicate that YB-1 expression is higher in rectal cancer tissue than in rectal tubular adenoma and rectitis tissue and that it may be an independent prognostic factor for rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, LuZhou Medical College, LuZhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping-Wu Zhao
- Department of Surgery, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Feng
- Department of Oncology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Xie
- Department of Pathology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
| | - An-Qun Wang
- Department of Pathology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Surgery, LuZhou Medical College, LuZhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DW); (XBD)
| | - Xiao-Bo Du
- Department of Oncology, MianYang Central Hospital, MianYang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (DW); (XBD)
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Yan XB, Zhu QC, Chen HQ, Peng JY, Chao HL, Du HX, Wang ZG, Jin ZM. Knockdown of Y‑box‑binding protein‑1 inhibits the malignant progression of HT‑29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells by reversing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2720-8. [PMID: 25201740 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Y‑box binding protein‑1 (YB‑1) has been identified as an oncoprotein in various malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological role of YB‑1 and its association with epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression of YB‑1 and three EMT‑related proteins (E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin and vimentin) was analyzed in 80 CRC and matched normal tissue samples, by immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that the expression of YB‑1 was higher in CRC tissue samples than that in matched normal controls and was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation, tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastases. Furthermore, analysis showed that YB‑1 expression was negatively correlated with E‑cadherin and positively correlated with N‑cadherin and vimentin expression. In vitro assays showed that knockdown of YB‑1 inhibited the proliferation, apoptosis resistance, invasion and migration of the HT‑29 CRC cell line. Of note, following knockdown of YB‑1, E‑cadherin expression was elevated whereas N‑cadherin and vimentin expression was reduced. Taken together, these results suggest that YB‑1 promotes the malignant progression of CRC in part through the induction of EMT, and YB‑1 may therefore be a potential novel target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bing Yan
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Chao Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Qi Chen
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yuan Peng
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Lei Chao
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Hang-Xiang Du
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Jin
- Department of Surgery, Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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Lu M, Miller P, Lu X. Restoring the tumour suppressive function of p53 as a parallel strategy in melanoma therapy. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2616-21. [PMID: 24844434 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 is a master sensor of stress and it controls the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes with diverse biological functions including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. Consequently p53 is the most mutated gene found in human cancer and p53 mutation rate varies from 5% to 95%. Importantly p53 activity is often inactivated in tumours expressing structurally wild type p53. Thus one of the major challenges in cancer research is to restore the tumour suppressive function of p53. Intensive studies in the past decade have demonstrated that in addition to mutation, p53 activities are largely regulated by cellular factors that control the expression level and/or transcriptional activities of p53. MDM2, MDM4, p14(ARF) and the ASPP family of proteins are among the most studied regulators of p53. With increased understanding of the complexity of p53 regulation, various p53 reactivating approaches are being developed. This review will focus on the recent understanding of p53 inactivation in melanoma and the approaches to reactivate p53 in preclinical studies. Recent success in the therapeutic targeting of the BRAFV600E oncogenic protein was accompanied with subsequent relapse caused by acquired drug resistance. Restoration of the tumour suppressive function of p53 presents a parallel cancer therapeutic opportunity alongside BRAFV600E inhibition. Thus targeted therapy and concurrent reactivation of p53 may be a fertile ground to achieve synergistic killing of the 50% of cancer cells that express structurally wild type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Paul Miller
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Xin Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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48
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Mylona E, Melissaris S, Giannopoulou I, Theohari I, Papadimitriou C, Keramopoulos A, Nakopoulou L. Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB1) in breast carcinomas: Relation to aggressive tumor phenotype and identification of patients at high risk for relapse. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:289-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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49
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Y-box binding protein 1--a prognostic marker and target in tumour therapy. Eur J Cell Biol 2013; 93:61-70. [PMID: 24461929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in various cellular processes including both transcriptional and translational regulation of target gene expression. Significantly increased YB-1 levels have been reported in a number of human malignancies and shown to be associated with poor prognosis and disease recurrence. Indeed, YB-1 can act as a versatile oncoprotein playing an important role in tumour cell proliferation and progression. Consequently, YB-1 not only proves to be a good prognostic tumour marker, but also may be a promising emerging molecular target for the development of new therapeutical strategies. In this review, we discuss both the role of YB-1 in cancer and specifically in malignant melanoma as well as possible translations into the clinics derived thereof.
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50
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Kim ER, Selyutina AA, Buldakov IA, Evdokimova V, Ovchinnikov LP, Sorokin AV. The proteolytic YB-1 fragment interacts with DNA repair machinery and enhances survival during DNA damaging stress. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3791-803. [PMID: 24107631 PMCID: PMC3905071 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a DNA/RNA-binding nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein whose regulatory effect on many DNA and RNA-dependent events is determined by its localization in the cell. We have shown previously that YB-1 is cleaved by 20S proteasome between E219 and G220, and the truncated N-terminal YB-1 fragment accumulates in the nuclei of cells treated with DNA damaging drugs. We proposed that appearance of truncated YB-1 in the nucleus may predict multiple drug resistance. Here, we compared functional activities of the full-length and truncated YB-1 proteins and showed that the truncated form was more efficient in protecting cells against doxorubicin treatment. Both forms of YB-1 induced changes in expression of various genes without affecting those responsible for drug resistance. Interestingly, although YB-1 cleavage did not significantly affect its DNA binding properties, truncated YB-1 was detected in complexes with Mre11 and Rad50 under genotoxic stress conditions. We conclude that both full-length and truncated YB-1 are capable of protecting cells against DNA damaging agents, and the truncated form may have an additional function in DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina R Kim
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Selyutina
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; University of Tartu; Institute of Technology; Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ilya A Buldakov
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina Evdokimova
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation; Department of Molecular Oncology; British Columbia Cancer Research Centre; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lev P Ovchinnikov
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey V Sorokin
- Institute of Protein Research; Russian Academy of Sciences; Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
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