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Gawaz A, Schindler M, Hagelauer E, Blanchard G, Riel S, Vollert A, Gilliet M, Unterluggauer L, Stary G, Pospischil I, Hoetzenecker W, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Guenova E, Forchhammer S. SARS-CoV-2-Induced Vasculitic Skin Lesions Are Associated with Massive Spike Protein Depositions in Autophagosomes. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:369-377.e4. [PMID: 37580012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, vasculopathic changes of the skin are associated with a severe prognosis. However, the pathogenesis of this vasculopathy is not conclusively clarified. In this study, 25 prospectively collected skin samples from patients with COVID-19-related skin lesions were examined for vasculopathic changes and, in case of vasculitis, were further analyzed with electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Vasculopathy was observed in 76% of all COVID-19-related inflammatory skin lesions. Visual endothelial changes without manifest leukocytoclastic vasculitis were found in 60% of the COVID-19-related skin lesions, whereas leukocytoclastic vasculitis was diagnosed in 16%. In the cases of vasculitis, there were extensive spike protein depositions in microvascular endothelial cells that colocalized with the autophagosome proteins LC3B and LC3C. The autophagy protein complex LC3-associated endocytosis in microvascular endothelial cells seems to be an important pathogenic factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related vasculitis in the skin. On ultrastructural morphology, the vasculitic process was dominated by intracellular vesicle formation and endothelial cell disruption. Direct presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 particles in the skin was not observed. Therefore, our results suggest that instead of direct viral infection, dermal vasculitic lesions in COVID-19 are caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein deposition followed by endothelial damage with activation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gawaz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Schindler
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elena Hagelauer
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Blanchard
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon Riel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anneli Vollert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michel Gilliet
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Georg Stary
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Pospischil
- Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfram Hoetzenecker
- Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Medical school, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Knopf P, Stowbur D, Hoffmann SHL, Hermann N, Maurer A, Bucher V, Poxleitner M, Tako B, Sonanini D, Krishnamachary B, Sinharay S, Fehrenbacher B, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Reckmann F, Bomze D, Flatz L, Kramer D, Schaller M, Forchhammer S, Bhujwalla ZM, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schulze-Osthoff K, Pagel MD, Fransen MF, Röcken M, Martins AF, Pichler BJ, Ghoreschi K, Kneilling M. Acidosis-mediated increase in IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression on cancer cells as an immune escape mechanism in solid tumors. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:207. [PMID: 38102680 PMCID: PMC10722725 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy, yet the efficacy of these treatments is often limited by the heterogeneous and hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. In the TME, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on cancer cells is mainly regulated by Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), which induces T cell exhaustion and enables tumor immune evasion. In this study, we demonstrate that acidosis, a common characteristic of solid tumors, significantly increases IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression on aggressive cancer cells, thus promoting immune escape. Using preclinical models, we found that acidosis enhances the genomic expression and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and the translation of STAT1 mRNA by eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (elF4F), resulting in an increased PD-L1 expression. We observed this effect in murine and human anti-PD-L1-responsive tumor cell lines, but not in anti-PD-L1-nonresponsive tumor cell lines. In vivo studies fully validated our in vitro findings and revealed that neutralizing the acidic extracellular tumor pH by sodium bicarbonate treatment suppresses IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression and promotes immune cell infiltration in responsive tumors and thus reduces tumor growth. However, this effect was not observed in anti-PD-L1-nonresponsive tumors. In vivo experiments in tumor-bearing IFN-γ-/- mice validated the dependency on immune cell-derived IFN-γ for acidosis-mediated cancer cell PD-L1 induction and tumor immune escape. Thus, acidosis and IFN-γ-induced elevation of PD-L1 expression on cancer cells represent a previously unknown immune escape mechanism that may serve as a novel biomarker for anti-PD-L1/PD-1 treatment response. These findings have important implications for the development of new strategies to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Knopf
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dimitri Stowbur
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina H L Hoffmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Natalie Hermann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valentina Bucher
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marilena Poxleitner
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bredi Tako
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Sonanini
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanhita Sinharay
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | | | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Reckmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Bomze
- Department of Dermatology, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lukas Flatz
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Schulze-Osthoff
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark D Pagel
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Rd, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Marieke F Fransen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martin Röcken
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - André F Martins
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
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Schaller M, Riel S, Bashur R, Kurup N, Schnidar H, Fehrenbacher B. Ivermectin treatment in rosacea: How novel smartphone technology can support monitoring rosacea-associated signs and symptoms. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15869. [PMID: 36177738 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosacea lessens patients' quality of life not only by visible symptoms like erythema, papules, and pustules but also by invisible symptoms like stinging, burning and dryness. Ivermectin 1% cream has recently been introduced as an efficient therapy for papules and pustules in rosacea patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential of ivermectin 1% cream to improve rosacea-associated erythema and invisible symptoms by combining established questionnaires with the novel photography and analysis tool Scarletred® Vision. METHODS We performed an open monocentric pilot study including 25 Caucasian patients presenting with moderate to severe rosacea with erythema, less than 10 papules and/or pustules, and ≥15 Demodex mites/cm2 . Patients applied 1 g of ivermectin 1% cream (Soolantra®) once a day for ≥ 16 weeks. Skin symptoms were recorded at baseline, week 8 and ≥ week 16. Grade of erythema was determined by clinician erythema assessment (CEA) and patient self-assessment (PSA). Severity of invisible skin symptoms (stinging and/or burning, dryness, itching) were assessed by questionnaire. Erythema and skin texture were additionally quantified using Scarletred® Vision. RESULTS Ivermectin 1% cream significantly reduced invisible symptoms of rosacea (stinging and/or burning, dryness: p<0.0001; itching p<0.001; at ≥ 16 weeks). Analysis with Scarletred® Vision confirmed CEA and PSA results for improvement of erythema (p<0.0001; at ≥ 16 weeks) and skin roughness (p<0.001; at ≥ 16 weeks). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with ivermectin 1% cream is efficient in treating not only rosacea-associated papules and pustules but also erythema and invisible skin symptoms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Riel
- University Dermatology Clinic Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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4
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Ohnesorge PV, Berchtold S, Beil J, Haas SA, Smirnow I, Schenk A, French CA, Luong NM, Huang Y, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Lauer UM. Efficacy of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus T-VEC Combined with BET Inhibitors as an Innovative Therapy Approach for NUT Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112761. [PMID: 35681742 PMCID: PMC9179288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Since T-VEC is already approved for treatment of melanoma, its promising efficacy shown here also for NUT carcinoma (NC) cell lines may create a rapid transition to individual treatments as well as clinical trials in NC patients. The idea of combining T-VEC immunotherapy with BET inhibitors is strengthened by the assumption that the initial rapid response of NC to BET inhibitor therapy and the additional direct tumor cell lysis triggered by virotherapeutics may be able to effectively stabilize or even shrink the tumor cell mass to bridge the time gap until the durable immune response, induced by immunovirotherapy, can lead to complete tumor remission. This would signify a real breakthrough for patients suffering from this extremely aggressive tumor, whose average survival time is currently in the range of only six months. Abstract NUT carcinoma (NC) is an extremely aggressive tumor and current treatment regimens offer patients a median survival of six months only. This article reports on the first in vitro studies using immunovirotherapy as a promising therapy option for NC and its feasible combination with BET inhibitors (iBET). Using NC cell lines harboring the BRD4-NUT fusion protein, the cytotoxicity of oncolytic virus talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and the iBET compounds BI894999 and GSK525762 were assessed in vitro in monotherapeutic and combinatorial approaches. Viral replication, marker gene expression, cell proliferation, and IFN-β dependence of T-VEC efficiency were monitored. T-VEC efficiently infected and replicated in NC cell lines and showed strong cytotoxic effects. This implication could be enhanced by iBET treatment following viral infection. Viral replication was not impaired by iBET treatment. In addition, it was shown that pretreatment of NC cells with IFN-β does impede the replication as well as the cytotoxicity of T-VEC. T-VEC was found to show great potential for patients suffering from NC. Of note, when applied in combination with iBETs, a reinforcing influence was observed, leading to an even stronger anti-tumor effect. These findings suggest combining virotherapy with diverse molecular therapeutics for the treatment of NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Ohnesorge
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Susanne Berchtold
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Julia Beil
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simone A. Haas
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Irina Smirnow
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Schenk
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Christopher A. French
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.A.F.); (N.M.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Nhi M. Luong
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.A.F.); (N.M.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yeying Huang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.A.F.); (N.M.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (B.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ulrich M. Lauer
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Virotherapy Center Tübingen (VCT), Medical University Hospital, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (P.V.O.); (S.B.); (J.B.); (S.A.H.); (I.S.); (A.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)7071-29-83190
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5
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Iuliano C, Absmaier-Kijak M, Sinnberg T, Hoffard N, Hils M, Köberle M, Wölbing F, Shumilina E, Heise N, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Lang F, Kaesler S, Biedermann T. Fetal Tissue-Derived Mast Cells (MC) as Experimental Surrogate for In Vivo Connective Tissue MC. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060928. [PMID: 35326379 PMCID: PMC8946182 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mast cells are matured from bone marrow cells in medium containing 20% fetal calf serum (FCS), interleukin (IL)-3 and stem-cell factor (SCF) and are used as in vitro models to study mast cells (MC) and their role in health and disease. In vivo, however, BM-derived hematopoietic stem cells account for only a fraction of MC; the majority of MC in vivo are and remain tissue resident. In this study we established a side-by-side culture with BMMC, fetal skin MC (FSMC) or fetal liver MC (FLMC) for comparative studies to identify the best surrogates for mature connective tissue MC (CTMC). All three MC types showed comparable morphology by histology and MC phenotype by flow cytometry. Heterogeneity was detected in the transcriptome with the most differentially expressed genes in FSMC compared to BMMC being Hdc and Tpsb2. Expression of ST2 was highly expressed in BMMC and FSMC and reduced in FLMC, diminishing their secretion of type 2 cytokines. Higher granule content, stronger response to FcεRI activation and significantly higher release of histamine from FSMC compared to FLMC and BMMC indicated differences in MC development in vitro dependent on the tissue of origin. Thus, tissues of origin imprint MC precursor cells to acquire distinct phenotypes and signatures despite identical culture conditions. Fetal-derived MC resemble mature CTMC, with FSMC being the most developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Iuliano
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Magdalena Absmaier-Kijak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Nils Hoffard
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Miriam Hils
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Florian Wölbing
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
| | - Ekaterina Shumilina
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (E.S.); (N.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Nicole Heise
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (E.S.); (N.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (E.S.); (N.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Susanne Kaesler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-89-4141-3170 (S.K. & T.B.); Fax: 49-89-4141-3171 (S.K. & T.B.)
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany; (C.I.); (M.A.-K.); (N.H.); (M.H.); (M.K.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-89-4141-3170 (S.K. & T.B.); Fax: 49-89-4141-3171 (S.K. & T.B.)
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Bissinger R, Nemkov T, D'Alessandro A, Grau M, Dietz T, Bohnert BN, Essigke D, Wörn M, Schaefer L, Xiao M, Beirne JM, Kalo MZ, Schork A, Bakchoul T, Omage K, Kong L, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Dhariwal A, Birkenfeld AL, Grahammer F, Qadri SM, Artunc F. Proteinuric chronic kidney disease is associated with altered red blood cell lifespan, deformability and metabolism. Kidney Int 2021; 100:1227-1239. [PMID: 34537228 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease, affecting the quality of life of patients. Among various factors, such as iron and erythropoietin deficiency, reduced red blood cell (RBC) lifespan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anemia. However, mechanistic data on in vivo RBC dysfunction in kidney disease are lacking. Herein, we describe the development of chronic kidney disease-associated anemia in mice with proteinuric kidney disease resulting from either administration of doxorubicin or an inducible podocin deficiency. In both experimental models, anemia manifested at day 10 and progressed at day 30 despite increased circulating erythropoietin levels and erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen. Circulating RBCs in both mouse models displayed altered morphology and diminished osmotic-sensitive deformability together with increased phosphatidylserine externalization on the outer plasma membrane, a hallmark of RBC death. Fluorescence-labelling of RBCs at day 20 of mice with doxorubicin-induced kidney disease revealed premature clearance from the circulation. Metabolomic analyses of RBCs from both mouse models demonstrated temporal changes in redox recycling pathways and Lands' cycle, a membrane lipid remodeling process. Anemic patients with proteinuric kidney disease had an increased proportion of circulating phosphatidylserine-positive RBCs. Thus, our observations suggest that reduced RBC lifespan, mediated by altered RBC metabolism, reduced RBC deformability, and enhanced cell death contribute to the development of anemia in proteinuric kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosi Bissinger
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marijke Grau
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Dietz
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Bernhard N Bohnert
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Essigke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wörn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lina Schaefer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mengyun Xiao
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Beirne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zaher Kalo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schork
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamam Bakchoul
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kingsley Omage
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lingsi Kong
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achal Dhariwal
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ferruh Artunc
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) at the University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Bohnert BN, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Dörffel T, Schneider JC, Xiao M, Janessa A, Kalo MZ, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Casadei N, Amann K, Daniel C, Birkenfeld AL, Grahammer F, Izem L, Plow EF, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Artunc F. Essential role of DNA-PKcs and plasminogen for the development of doxorubicin-induced glomerular injury in mice. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:271906. [PMID: 34423816 PMCID: PMC8461821 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced nephropathy (DIN), a toxic model for the induction of proteinuria in mice, is related to the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C6418T of the Prkdc gene encoding for the DNA-repair enzyme DNA-PKcs. In addition, plasminogen (Plg) has been reported to play a role in glomerular damage. Here, we investigated the interdependence of both factors for the development of DIN. Genotyping confirmed the SNP of the Prkdc gene in C57BL/6 (PrkdcC6418/C6418) and 129S1/SvImJ (PrkdcT6418/T6418) mice. Intercross of heterozygous 129SB6F1 mice led to 129SB6F2 hybrids with Mendelian inheritance of the SNP. After doxorubicin injection, only homozygous F2 mice with PrkdcT6418/T6418 developed proteinuria. Genetic deficiency of Plg (Plg−/−) in otherwise susceptible 129S1/SvImJ mice led to resistance to DIN. Immunohistochemistry revealed glomerular binding of Plg in Plg+/+ mice after doxorubicin injection involving histone H2B as Plg receptor. In doxorubicin-resistant C57BL/6 mice, Plg binding was absent. In conclusion, susceptibility to DIN in 129S1/SvImJ mice is determined by a hierarchical two-hit process requiring the C6418T SNP in the Prkdc gene and subsequent glomerular binding of Plg. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: Susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced nephropathy in 129S1/SvImJ mice is determined by a hierarchical two-hit process requiring the C6418T single-nucleotide polymorphism in the Prkdc gene and subsequent glomerular binding of plasminogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard N Bohnert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörffel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas C Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mengyun Xiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Janessa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Zaher Kalo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Genetics, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen, University Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lahoucine Izem
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Edward F Plow
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ferruh Artunc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Mehling R, Schwenck J, Lemberg C, Trautwein C, Zizmare L, Kramer D, Müller A, Fehrenbacher B, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Schaller M, Ruf W, Eichner M, Ghoreschi K, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Immunomodulatory role of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species during T cell-driven neutrophil-enriched acute and chronic cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Theranostics 2021; 11:470-490. [PMID: 33391487 PMCID: PMC7738859 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are important regulators of inflammation. The exact impact of ROS/RNS on cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) is controversial. The aim of our study was to identify the dominant sources of ROS/RNS during acute and chronic trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced cutaneous DTHR in mice with differently impaired ROS/RNS production. Methods: TNCB-sensitized wild-type, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)- deficient (gp91phox-/-), myeloperoxidase-deficient (MPO-/-), and inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient (iNOS-/-) mice were challenged with TNCB on the right ear once to elicit acute DTHR and repetitively up to five times to induce chronic DTHR. We measured ear swelling responses and noninvasively assessed ROS/RNS production in vivo by employing the chemiluminescence optical imaging (OI) probe L-012. Additionally, we conducted extensive ex vivo analyses of inflamed ears focusing on ROS/RNS production and the biochemical and morphological consequences. Results: The in vivo L-012 OI of acute and chronic DTHR revealed completely abrogated ROS/RNS production in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice, up to 90 % decreased ROS/RNS production in the ears of MPO-/- mice and unaffected ROS/RNS production in the ears of iNOS-/- mice. The DHR flow cytometry analysis of leukocytes derived from the ears with acute DTHR confirmed our in vivo L-012 OI results. Nevertheless, we observed no significant differences in the ear swelling responses among all the experimental groups. The histopathological analysis of the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with acute DTHRs revealed slightly enhanced inflammation. In contrast, we observed a moderately reduced inflammatory immune response in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with chronic DTHR, while the inflamed ears of MPO-/- mice exhibited the strongest inflammation. Analyses of lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine levels, redox related metabolites and genomic expression of antioxidant proteins revealed similar oxidative stress in all experimental groups. Furthermore, inflamed ears of wild-type and gp91phox-/- mice displayed neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation exclusively in acute but not chronic DTHR. Conclusions: MPO and NOX2 are the dominant sources of ROS/RNS in acute and chronic DTHR. Nevertheless, depletion of one primary source of ROS/RNS exhibited only marginal but conflicting impact on acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR. Thus, ROS/RNS are not a single entity, and each species has different properties at certain stages of the disease, resulting in different outcomes.
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9
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Dietz S, Schwarz J, Rühle J, Schaller M, Fehrenbacher B, Marmé A, Schmid E, Peter A, Poets CF, Gille C, Köstlin-Gille N. Extracellular vesicles released by myeloid-derived suppressor cells from pregnant women modulate adaptive immune responses. Cell Immunol 2020; 361:104276. [PMID: 33517124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunological pregnancy complications are a main challenge in reproductive medicine. Mechanisms regulating the adaptation of the maternal immune system to pregnancy are incompletely understood and therapeutic options limited. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are immune-modulatory cells expanding during healthy pregnancy and seem to play a crucial role for maternal-fetal tolerance. Recent studies showed that exosomes produced by MDSC have immune-modulatory effects corresponding to their parental cells under different pathological conditions. Here, we investigated immunological effects of exosomes of GR-MDSC during pregnancy. Isolated GR-MDSC exosomes from peripheral blood of pregnant women were tested for functionality in different in vitro assays. We show that GR-MDSC exosomes exhibited profound immune-modulatory effects such as suppression of T-cell proliferation, T helper 2 (Th2)-cell polarization, induction of regulatory T-cells and inhibition of lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Our results confirm that MDSC-derived exosomes functionally correspond to their parental cells and identify them as an interesting therapeutic target for immunological pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dietz
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian Schwarz
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jessica Rühle
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Evi Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Pediatric Urology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian F Poets
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Gille
- Tuebingen University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Gassenmaier M, Rentschler M, Fehrenbacher B, Eigentler TK, Ikenberg K, Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Niessner H, Bösmüller H, Wagner NB, Schaller M, Garbe C, Röcken M. Expression of DNA Methyltransferase 1 Is a Hallmark of Melanoma, Correlating with Proliferation and Response to B-Raf and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibition in Melanocytic Tumors. Am J Pathol 2020; 190:2155-2164. [PMID: 32679231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is an epigenetic hallmark of melanoma, but the expression of DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt)-1 in melanocytic tumors is unknown. Dnmt1 expression was analyzed in primary melanocytes, melanoma cell lines, and 83 melanocytic tumors, and its associations with proliferation, mutational status, and response to B-Raf and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibition were explored. Dnmt1 expression was increased incrementally from nevi [mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), 48.1; interquartile range, 41.7 to 59.6] to primary melanomas (MFI, 68.8; interquartile range, 58.4 to 77.0) and metastatic melanomas (MFI, 87.5; interquartile range, 77.1 to 114.5) (P < 0.001). Dnmt1 expression was correlated with Ki-67 expression (Spearman correlation, 0.483; P < 0.001) and was independent of BRAF mutation status (P = 0.55). In BRAF-mutant melanoma, Dnmt1 was down-regulated during response to B-Raf and MEK inhibition and was again up-regulated on drug resistance in vitro and in vivo. Degradation of Dnmt1 by the histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid was associated with decreased cell viability in B-Raf inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. This study demonstrates that Dnmt1 expression is correlated with proliferation in melanocytic tumors, is increased with melanoma progression, and is associated with response to B-Raf and MEK inhibition. Given its strong expression in metastatic melanoma, Dnmt1 may be a promising target for combined epigenetic and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas K Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kristian Ikenberg
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans Bösmüller
- Institute of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus B Wagner
- Department of Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Tiwari A, Iida M, Kosnopfel C, Abbariki M, Menegakis A, Fehrenbacher B, Maier J, Schaller M, Brucker SY, Wheeler DL, Harari PM, Rothbauer U, Schittek B, Zips D, Toulany M. Blocking Y-Box Binding Protein-1 through Simultaneous Targeting of PI3K and MAPK in Triple Negative Breast Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102795. [PMID: 33003386 PMCID: PMC7601769 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with the high rates of relapse and metastasis and poor survival. YB-1 is overexpressed in TNBC tumor tissues. In the present study, we demonstrated that S102 phosphorylation of YB-1 in TNBC cell lines depend on the mutation status of the components of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Simultaneous targeting of MEK and PI3K was found to be the most effective approach to block YB-1 phosphorylation and to inhibit YB-1 dependent cell proliferation. YBX1 knockout was sufficient to block TNBC tumor growth. Abstract The multifunctional protein Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) regulates all the so far described cancer hallmarks including cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways are also the major pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, and survival, and are the frequently hyperactivated pathways in human cancers. A gain of function mutation in KRAS mainly leads to the constitutive activation of the MAPK pathway, while the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway occurs either through the loss of PTEN or a gain of function mutation of the catalytic subunit alpha of PI3K (PIK3CA). In this study, we investigated the underlying signaling pathway involved in YB-1 phosphorylation at serine 102 (S102) in KRAS(G13D)-mutated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells versus PIK3CA(H1047R)/PTEN(E307K) mutated TNBC MDA-MB-453 cells. Our data demonstrate that S102 phosphorylation of YB-1 in KRAS-mutated cells is mainly dependent on the MAPK/ERK pathway, while in PIK3CA/PTEN-mutated cells, YB-1 S102 phosphorylation is entirely dependent on the PI3K/Akt pathway. Independent of the individual dominant pathway regulating YB-1 phosphorylation, dual targeting of MEK and PI3K efficiently inhibited YB-1 phosphorylation and blocked cell proliferation. This represents functional crosstalk between the two pathways. Our data obtained from the experiments, applying pharmacological inhibitors and genetic approaches, shows that YB-1 is a key player in cell proliferation, clonogenic activity, and tumor growth of TNBC cells through the MAPK and PI3K pathways. Therefore, dual inhibition of these two pathways or single targeting of YB-1 may be an effective strategy to treat TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadhya Tiwari
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (A.T.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mari Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.I.); (M.A.); (D.L.W.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.K.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Mahyar Abbariki
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.I.); (M.A.); (D.L.W.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Apostolos Menegakis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.K.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Julia Maier
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tuebingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (J.M.); (U.R.)
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.K.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Deric L. Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.I.); (M.A.); (D.L.W.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Paul M. Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.I.); (M.A.); (D.L.W.); (P.M.H.)
| | - Ulrich Rothbauer
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tuebingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (J.M.); (U.R.)
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.K.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Daniel Zips
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (A.T.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (A.T.); (D.Z.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tuebingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-85832
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Kosnopfel C, Sinnberg T, Sauer B, Niessner H, Muenchow A, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Mertens PR, Garbe C, Thakur BK, Schittek B. Tumour Progression Stage-Dependent Secretion of YB-1 Stimulates Melanoma Cell Migration and Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082328. [PMID: 32824741 PMCID: PMC7464723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted factors play an important role in intercellular communication. Therefore, they are not only indispensable for the regulation of various physiological processes but can also decisively advance the development and progression of tumours. In the context of inflammatory disease, Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is actively secreted and the extracellular protein promotes cell proliferation and migration. In malignant melanoma, intracellular YB-1 expression increases during melanoma progression and represents an unfavourable prognostic marker. Here, we show active secretion of YB-1 from melanoma cells as opposed to benign cells of the skin. Intriguingly, YB-1 secretion correlates with the stage of melanoma progression and depends on a calcium- and ATP-dependent non-classical secretory pathway leading to the occurrence of YB-1 in the extracellular space as a free protein. Along with an elevated YB-1 secretion of melanoma cells in the metastatic growth phase, extracellular YB-1 exerts a stimulating effect on melanoma cell migration, invasion, and tumourigenicity. Collectively, these data suggest that secreted YB-1 plays a functional role in melanoma cell biology, stimulating metastasis, and may serve as a novel biomarker in malignant melanoma that reflects tumour aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kosnopfel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (B.S.); Tel.: +49-931-20126778 (C.K.); +49-7071-29-80832 (B.S.)
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Heike Niessner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Alina Muenchow
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Peter R. Mertens
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Basant Kumar Thakur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.S.); (B.S.); (H.N.); (A.M.); (B.F.); (M.S.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (B.S.); Tel.: +49-931-20126778 (C.K.); +49-7071-29-80832 (B.S.)
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13
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Fischer J, Riel S, Fehrenbacher B, Frank A, Schaller M, Biedermann T, Hilger C, Mackenstedt U. Spatial distribution of alpha-gal in Ixodes ricinus - A histological study. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 11:101506. [PMID: 32723636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-gal syndrome is a complex allergic disease in humans that is caused by specific IgE (sIgE) against the carbohydrate galactose-α-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Tick saliva contains alpha-gal, and tick bites are considered a major cause of the induction of alpha-gal-sIgE. The origin of alpha-gal in tick saliva remains unclarified. The presence of alpha-gal in tick tissue was visualized in this study to provide an overview of the spatial distribution of alpha-gal and to further elucidate the origin of alpha-gal in tick saliva. Fed and unfed Ixodes ricinus females were examined by histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, transmission electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy using the alpha-gal-specific monoclonal antibody M86 and Marasmius oreades agglutinin (MOA) lectin. Alpha-gal epitopes were detected in the midgut, hemolymph and salivary glands, and the immunofluorescence analysis revealed signs of the endocytosis of alpha-gal-containing constituents during the process of hematophagy. Alpha-gal epitopes in endosomes of the digestive gut cells of the ticks were observed via immunoelectron microscopy. Alpha-gal epitopes were detected in dried droplets of hemolymph from unfed ticks. Intense staining of alpha-gal epitopes was found in type II granular acini of the salivary glands of fed and unfed ticks. Our data suggest that alpha-gal is not ubiquitously expressed in tick tissue but is present in both fed and unfed ticks. The findings also indicate that both the metabolic incorporation of constituents from a mammalian blood meal and endogenous production contribute to the presence of alpha-gal epitopes in ticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Simon Riel
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alisa Frank
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology, University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Christiane Hilger
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ute Mackenstedt
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Zoology, University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Bitschar K, Staudenmaier L, Klink L, Focken J, Sauer B, Fehrenbacher B, Herster F, Bittner Z, Bleul L, Schaller M, Wolz C, Weber AN, Peschel A, Schittek B. Staphylococcus aureus Skin Colonization Is Enhanced by the Interaction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps with Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1054-1065.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Nehls J, Businger R, Hoffmann M, Brinkmann C, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Maurer B, Schönfeld C, Kramer D, Hailfinger S, Pöhlmann S, Schindler M. Release of Immunomodulatory Ebola Virus Glycoprotein-Containing Microvesicles Is Suppressed by Tetherin in a Species-Specific Manner. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1841-1853.e6. [PMID: 30759394 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) forms GP-containing microvesicles, so-called virosomes, which are secreted from GP-expressing cells. However, determinants of GP-virosome release and their functionality are poorly understood. We characterized GP-mediated virosome formation and delineated the role of the antiviral factor tetherin (BST2, CD317) in this process. Residues in the EBOV-GP receptor-binding domain (RBD) promote GP-virosome secretion, while tetherin suppresses GP-virosomes by interactions involving the GP-transmembrane domain. Tetherin from multiple species interfered with GP-virosome release, and tetherin from the natural fruit bat reservoir showed the highest inhibitory activity. Moreover, analyses of GP from various ebolavirus strains, including the EBOV responsible for the West African epidemic, revealed the most efficient GP-virosome formation by highly pathogenic ebolaviruses. Finally, EBOV-GP-virosomes were immunomodulatory and acted as decoys for EBOV-neutralizing antibodies. Our results indicate that GP-virosome formation might be a determinant of EBOV immune evasion and pathogenicity, which is suppressed by tetherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nehls
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ramona Businger
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Maurer
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Schönfeld
- Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Kramer
- Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Hailfinger
- Interfaculty Institute for Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Schindler
- Institute of Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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16
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Higgins R, Jensen AN, Wachstein J, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Spiegel R, Traber H, Achermann J, Schaller M, Fehrenbacher B, Röcken M, Ignatova D, Chang YT, Fischer T, Schwieger-Briel AE, French LE, Hoetzenecker W, Hornung R, Malzacher A, Cozzio A, Navarini A, Has C, Guenova E. Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 2 Unmasks New ITGA6 Recessive Mutation and Results in a Lethal Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa in a Newborn. Acta Derm Venereol 2020; 100:adv00041. [PMID: 31502654 PMCID: PMC9128983 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Higgins
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Griessinger CM, Schmid AM, Sonanini D, Schörg BF, Jarboui MA, Bukala D, Mucha N, Fehrenbacher B, Steinhilber J, Martella M, Kohlhofer U, Schaller M, Zender L, Rammensee HG, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Röcken M, Kneilling M, Pichler BJ. The administration route of tumor-antigen-specific T-helper cells differentially modulates the tumor microenvironment and senescence. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:289-302. [PMID: 30753335 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment with adoptively transferred tumor-associated antigen-specific CD4+ T-helper cells is a promising immunotherapeutic approach. In the pancreatic cancer model RIP-Tag2, the intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of Tag-specific TH1 cells exhibited a profound antitumoral efficiency. We investigated, whether an intravenous (i.v.) application of Tag-TH1 cells induces an equivalent therapeutic effect. Adoptively transferred fluorescent Tag-TH1 cells revealed a pronounced homing to the tumors after either i.p. or i.v. transfer, and both routes induced an almost equivalent therapeutic effect as demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging, blood glucose level course and histology. The i.v. administration of Tag-TH1 cells induced p16INK4-positive/Ki67-negative tumor senescence more efficiently than i.p. administration. Both routes replenish host CD4+ T cells by transferred T cells and recruitment of B and dendritic cells to the tumors while reducing CD8+ T cells and depleting macrophages. Both administration routes efficiently induced a similar antitumoral efficiency despite the pronounced senescence induction after i.v. administration. Thus, a combinatory i.v./i.p. injection of therapeutic cells might overcome limitations of the individual routes and improve therapeutic efficacy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Griessinger
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Schmid
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Sonanini
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara F Schörg
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ali Jarboui
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Bukala
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Natalie Mucha
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Steinhilber
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Martella
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kohlhofer
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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18
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Bissinger R, Lang E, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Ghashghaeinia M, Pelzl L, Sukkar B, Bhuyan AAM, Salker MS, Singh Y, Fehrenbacher B, Fakhri H, Umbach AT, Schaller M, Qadri SM, Lang F. Genetic deficiency of the tumor suppressor protein p53 influences erythrocyte survival. Apoptosis 2019; 23:641-650. [PMID: 30238335 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 suppresses tumor growth by inducing nucleated cell apoptosis and cycle arrest. Because of its influence on primitive erythroid cell differentiation and survival, p53 is an important determinant of erythropoiesis. However, the impact of p53 on the fate of erythrocytes, cells lacking nucleus and mitochondria, during their post-maturation phase in the circulation remained elusive. Erythrocyte survival may be compromised by suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis, which is hallmarked by phosphatidylserine translocation and stimulated by increase of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Here, we comparatively examined erythrocyte homeostasis in p53-mutant mice (Trp53tm1Tyj/J) and in corresponding WT mice (C57BL/6J) by analyzing eryptosis and erythropoiesis. To this end, spontaneous cell membrane phosphatidylserine exposure and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration were higher in erythrocytes drawn from Trp53tm1Tyj/J mice than from WT mice. Eryptosis induced by glucose deprivation, a pathophysiological cell stressor, was slightly, but significantly more prominent in erythrocytes drawn from Trp53tm1Tyj/J mice as compared to WT mice. The loss of erythrocytes by eryptosis was fully compensated by enhanced erythropoiesis in Trp53tm1Tyj/J mice, as reflected by increased reticulocytosis and abundance of erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow. Accordingly, erythrocyte number, packed cell volume and hemoglobin were similar in Trp53tm1Tyj/J and WT mice. Taken together, functional p53 deficiency enhances the turnover of circulating erythrocytes by parallel increase of eryptosis and stimulated compensatory erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia
- Psoriasis Center, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Pelzl
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Basma Sukkar
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhuri S Salker
- Research Institute for Women's Health, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hajar Fakhri
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja T Umbach
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada. .,Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
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19
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Wieder T, Brenner E, Simon N, Bauer J, Gerst F, Ullrich S, Fehrenbacher B, Braumüller H, Röcken M. 023 Senescence surveillance maintains genomic and functional differentiation in pre-malignant tumors. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Hoffmann SHL, Reck DI, Maurer A, Fehrenbacher B, Sceneay JE, Poxleitner M, Öz HH, Ehrlichmann W, Reischl G, Fuchs K, Schaller M, Hartl D, Kneilling M, Möller A, Pichler BJ, Griessinger CM. Visualization and quantification of in vivo homing kinetics of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in primary and metastatic cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5869-5885. [PMID: 31534525 PMCID: PMC6735369 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immunosuppressive cells of the myeloid compartment and major players in the tumor microenvironment (TME). With increasing numbers of studies describing MDSC involvement in cancer immune escape, cancer metastasis and the dampening of immunotherapy responses, MDSCs are of high interest in current cancer therapy research. Although heavily investigated in the last decades, the in vivo migration dynamics of MDSC subpopulations in tumor- or metastases-bearing mice have not yet been studied extensively. Therefore, we have modified our previously reported intracellular cell labeling method and applied it to in vitro generated MDSCs for the quantitative in vivo monitoring of MDSC migration in primary and metastatic cancer. MDSC migration to primary cancers was further correlated to the frequency of endogenous MDSCs. Methods: Utilizing a 64Cu-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid (NOTA)-modified CD11b-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) (clone M1/70), we were able to label in vitro generated polymorphonuclear (PMN-) and monocytic (M-) MDSCs for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Radiolabeled PMN- and M-MDSCs ([64Cu]PMN-MDSCs and [64Cu]M-MDSCs, respectively) were then adoptively transferred into primary and metastatic MMTV-PyMT-derived (PyMT-) breast cancer- and B16F10 melanoma-bearing experimental animals, and static PET and anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired 3, 24 and 48 h post cell injection. Results: The internalization of the [64Cu]NOTA-mAb-CD11b-complex was completed within 3 h, providing moderately stable radiolabeling with little detrimental effect on cell viability and function as determined by Annexin-V staining and T cell suppression in flow cytometric assays. Further, we could non-invasively and quantitatively monitor the migration and tumor homing of both [64Cu]NOTA-αCD11b-mAb-labeled PMN- and M-MDSCs in mouse models of primary and metastatic breast cancer and melanoma by PET. We were able to visualize and quantify an increased migration of adoptively transferred [64Cu]M-MDSCs than [64Cu]PMN-MDSCs to primary breast cancer lesions. The frequency of endogenous MDSCs in the PyMT breast cancer and B16F10 melanoma model correlated to the uptake values of adoptively transferred MDSCs with higher frequencies of PMN- and M-MDSCs in the more aggressive B16F10 melanoma tumors. Moreover, aggressively growing melanomas and melanoma-metastatic lesions recruited higher percentages of both [64Cu]PMN- and [64Cu]M-MDSCs than primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions as early as 24 h post adoptive MDSC transfer, indicating an overall stronger recruitment of cancer-promoting immunosuppressive MDSCs. Conclusion: Targeting of the cell surface integrin CD11b with a radioactive mAb is feasible for labeling of murine MDSCs for PET imaging. Fast internalization of the [64Cu]NOTA-αCD11b-mAb provides presumably enhanced stability while cell viability and functionality was not significantly affected. Moreover, utilization of the CD11b-specific mAb allows for straightforward adaptation of the labeling approach for in vivo molecular imaging of other myeloid cells of interest in cancer therapy, including monocytes, macrophages or neutrophils.
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Steimle A, Menz S, Bender A, Ball B, Weber ANR, Hagemann T, Lange A, Maerz JK, Parusel R, Michaelis L, Schäfer A, Yao H, Löw HC, Beier S, Tesfazgi Mebrhatu M, Gronbach K, Wagner S, Voehringer D, Schaller M, Fehrenbacher B, Autenrieth IB, Oelschlaeger TA, Frick JS. Flagellin hypervariable region determines symbiotic properties of commensal Escherichia coli strains. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000334. [PMID: 31206517 PMCID: PMC6597123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli represents a classical intestinal gram-negative commensal. Despite this commensalism, different E. coli strains can mediate disparate immunogenic properties in a given host. Symbiotic E. coli strains such as E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) are attributed beneficial properties, e.g., promotion of intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, we aimed to identify molecular features derived from symbiotic bacteria that might help to develop innovative therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of intestinal immune disorders. This study was performed using the dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, which is routinely used to evaluate potential therapeutics for the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). We focused on the analysis of flagellin structures of different E. coli strains. EcN flagellin was found to harbor a substantially longer hypervariable region (HVR) compared to other commensal E. coli strains, and this longer HVR mediated symbiotic properties through stronger activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)5, thereby resulting in interleukin (IL)-22–mediated protection of mice against DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, using bone-marrow–chimeric mice (BMCM), CD11c+ cells of the colonic lamina propria (LP) were identified as the main mediators of these flagellin-induced symbiotic effects. We propose flagellin from symbiotic E. coli strains as a potential therapeutic to restore intestinal immune homeostasis, e.g., for the treatment of IBD patients. A flagellum renders bacteria motile, but this study reveals another property important for symbiosis: the hypervariable region of Escherichia coli flagellin strongly determines activation of TLR5, mediating benefits for the host such as protection against colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Steimle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Menz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Bender
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brianna Ball
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Hagemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Lange
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan K. Maerz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raphael Parusel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lena Michaelis
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Schäfer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans Yao
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hanna-Christine Löw
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sina Beier
- Chair of Algorithms in Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mehari Tesfazgi Mebrhatu
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Gronbach
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Samuel Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Ingo B. Autenrieth
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Julia-Stefanie Frick
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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22
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Schwenck J, Maurer A, Fehrenbacher B, Mehling R, Knopf P, Mucha N, Haupt D, Fuchs K, Griessinger CM, Bukala D, Holstein J, Schaller M, Menendez IG, Ghoreschi K, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Gütschow M, Laufer S, Reinheckel T, Röcken M, Kalbacher H, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Cysteine-type cathepsins promote the effector phase of acute cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Theranostics 2019; 9:3903-3917. [PMID: 31281521 PMCID: PMC6587341 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine-type cathepsins such as cathepsin B are involved in various steps of inflammatory processes such as antigen processing and angiogenesis. Here, we uncovered the role of cysteine-type cathepsins in the effector phase of T cell-driven cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions (DTHR) and the implication of this role on therapeutic cathepsin B-specific inhibition. Methods: Wild-type, cathepsin B-deficient (Ctsb-/-) and cathepsin Z-deficient (Ctsz-/-) mice were sensitized with 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB) on the abdomen and challenged with TNCB on the right ear to induce acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR. The severity of cutaneous DTHR was assessed by evaluating ear swelling responses and histopathology. We performed fluorescence microscopy on tissue from inflamed ears and lymph nodes of wild-type mice, as well as on biopsies from psoriasis patients, focusing on cathepsin B expression by T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and NK cells. Cathepsin activity was determined noninvasively by optical imaging employing protease-activated substrate-like probes. Cathepsin expression and activity were validated ex vivo by covalent active site labeling of proteases and Western blotting. Results: Noninvasive in vivo optical imaging revealed strong cysteine-type cathepsin activity in inflamed ears and draining lymph nodes in acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR. In inflamed ears and draining lymph nodes, cathepsin B was expressed by neutrophils, dendritic cells, macrophages, B, T and natural killer (NK) cells. Similar expression patterns were found in psoriatic plaques of patients. The biochemical methods confirmed active cathepsin B in tissues of mice with cutaneous DTHR. Topically applied cathepsin B inhibitors significantly reduced ear swelling in acute but not chronic DTHR. Compared with wild-type mice, Ctsb-/- mice exhibited an enhanced ear swelling response during acute DTHR despite a lack of cathepsin B expression. Cathepsin Z, a protease closely related to cathepsin B, revealed compensatory expression in inflamed ears of Ctsb-/- mice, while cathepsin B expression was reciprocally elevated in Ctsz-/- mice. Conclusion: Cathepsin B is actively involved in the effector phase of acute cutaneous DTHR. Thus, topically applied cathepsin B inhibitors might effectively limit DTHR such as contact dermatitis or psoriasis. However, the cathepsin B and Z knockout mouse experiments suggested a complementary role for these two cysteine-type proteases.
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23
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Beziere N, Fuchs K, Maurer A, Reischl G, Brück J, Ghoreschi K, Fehrenbacher B, Berrio DC, Schenke-Layland K, Kohlhofer U, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Gawaz M, Kneilling M, Pichler B. Imaging fibrosis in inflammatory diseases: targeting the exposed extracellular matrix. Theranostics 2019; 9:2868-2881. [PMID: 31244929 PMCID: PMC6568181 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In a variety of diseases, from benign to life-threatening ones, inflammation plays a major role. Monitoring the intensity and extent of a multifaceted inflammatory process has become a cornerstone in diagnostics and therapy monitoring. However, the current tools lack the ability to provide insight into one of its most crucial aspects, namely, the alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Using a radiolabeled platelet glycoprotein VI-based ECM-targeting fusion protein (GPVI-Fc), we investigated how binding of GPVI-Fc on fibrous tissue could uncover the progression of several inflammatory disease models at different stages (rheumatoid arthritis, cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity, lung inflammation and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis). Methods: The fusion protein GPVI-Fc was covalently linked to 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) and subsequently labeled with 64Cu. We analyzed noninvasively in vivo64Cu-GPVI-Fc accumulation in murine cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity, anti-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase serum-induced rheumatoid arthritis, lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation and an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Static and dynamic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) of the radiotracer distribution was performed in vivo, with ex vivo autoradiography confirmation, yielding quantitative accumulation and a distribution map of 64Cu-GPVI-Fc. Ex vivo tissue histological staining was performed on harvested samples to highlight the fusion protein binding to collagen I, II and III, fibronectin and fibrinogen as well as the morphology of excised tissue. Results:64Cu-GPVI-Fc showed a several-fold increased uptake in inflamed tissue compared to control tissue, particularly in the RA model, with a peak 24 h after radiotracer injection of up to half the injected dose. Blocking and isotype control experiments indicated a target-driven accumulation of the radiotracer in the case of chronic inflammation. Histological analysis confirmed a prolonged accumulation at the inflammation site, with a pronounced colocalization with the different components of the ECM (collagen III and fibronectin notably). Binding of the fusion protein appeared to be specific to the ECM but unspecific to particular components. Conclusion: Imaging of 64Cu-GPVI-Fc accumulation in the ECM matrix appears to be a promising candidate for monitoring chronic inflammation. By binding to exposed fibrous tissue (collagen, fibronectin, etc.) after extravasation, a new insight is provided into the fibrotic events resulting from a prolonged inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Beziere
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Fuchs
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brück
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Carvajal Berrio
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
- The Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/ Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 675 Charles E. Young Drive South, MRL 3645, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ursula Kohlhofer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Kloker LD, Berchtold S, Smirnow I, Schaller M, Fehrenbacher B, Krieg A, Sipos B, Lauer UM. The Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Talimogene Laherparepvec Shows Promising Efficacy in Neuroendocrine Cancer Cell Lines. Neuroendocrinology 2019; 109:346-361. [PMID: 31280274 DOI: 10.1159/000500159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic neuroendocrine cancer still constitutes a palliative situation, lacking promising treatment options. Oncolytic virotherapy, a novel type of virus-based immunotherapy, lyses tumor cells using genetically engineered viruses thereby activating the immune system to induce an optimized antitumor response which could bring down tumor masses to a stage of minimal residual tumor disease. The oncolytic vector talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC, herpes simplex virus [HSV] type 1) has already shown excellent safety profiles in clinical studies and has become the first ever FDA/EMA-approved oncolytic virus (OV). This work presents a first preclinical assessment of this state-of-the-art OV, using a panel of human neuroendocrine tumor/neuroendocrine carcinoma (NET/NEC) cell lines. Cytotoxicity, transgene expression, and viral replication patterns were studied. Furthermore, the antiproliferative activity was compared to the one of mTOR inhibitor Everolimus and also interactions between the OV and Everolimus were evaluated. Moreover, virostatic effects of ganciclovir (GCV) on replication of T-VEC were assessed and electron microscopic pictures were taken to comprehend viral envelopment and details of the replication cycle of T-VEC in human neuroendocrine cancer. It could be shown that T-VEC infects, replicates in, and lyses human NET/NEC cells exhibiting high oncolytic efficiencies already at quite low virus concentrations. Interestingly, Everolimus was not found to have any relevant impact on rates of viral replication, but no additive effects could be proved using a combinatorial therapy regimen. On the other hand, GCV was shown to be able to limit replication of T-VEC, thus establishing an important safety feature for future treatments of NET/NEC patients. Taken together, T-VEC opens up a promising novel treatment option for NET/NEC patients, warranting its further preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus D Kloker
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Berchtold
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irina Smirnow
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Krieg
- Department of Surgery (A), Heinrich-Heine-University and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bence Sipos
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Lauer
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Tübingen, Germany,
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25
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Schörg BF, Sonanini D, Schwenck J, Griessinger C, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Kohlhofer U, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Fourgère CL, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Abstract LB-105: Combining CD4+ T cell transfer and immune checkpoint blockade demonstrates the power of combined immunotherapies for treatment of progressed solid carcinomas in mice. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-lb-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor and immune cells express inhibitory immune checkpoints (ICP) that paralyze tumor infiltrating T cells. ICP-specific antibodies (mAbs) can block and restore T cell functions and promote anti-tumoral effects. Also, tumor-antigen specific IFN-y secreting CD4+ T cells (TA-Th1) mediate strong anti-tumoral effects and can induce senescence in cancer cells. Here, we report on the development and immunological characterization of a highly efficient TA-Th1 and checkpoint-inhibitor based combined immunotherapy (CIT) in a progressed endogenous cancer model. Mice bearing progressed pancreatic islet carcinomas (RIP1-Tag2) and symptomatic low blood glucose levels (BGL; ~80 mg/dl) were treated weekly with TA-Th1 and αPD-L1+αLAG-3 mAbs (PDL1/LAG3) after an initial preparative 2 Gy-whole body radiation. Therapy was monitored by BGL measurements. Additionally, we conducted baseline and follow-up 18F-FDG PET/MRI scans to uncover the splenic glucose metabolism as a consequence of immune cell activation. We performed ex vivo flow cytometry (FC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and fluorescent microscopy (FM) of tumor tissue and lymphatic organs at early (1 wk) and late (3-4 wks; endpoint of SHAM treated mice) time point of treatment focusing on the immune cell composition, activation patterns and senescence induction. Treatment exclusively with TA-Th1 prolonged the median survival of the mice from 14 to 18 wks (n=14) while ICP blockade without TA-Th1 cells was not efficient at all (PDL1/LAG3; median survival=14wks, n=11). The combination of TA-Th1 and PDL1/LAG3 (CIT) was highly efficient and significantly extended the median survival to 20 wks (n=15, p=0.001). Thus, exclusively CIT-treated mice revealed very small tumors and a strong lymphocytic infiltrate. FC analysis demonstrated early and specific homing of highly activated (CD69) TA-Th1 into the draining LN without impairment of the endogenous CD8+ T cell population. After 4 wks of treatment, we determined an increase in endogenous effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells exclusively in mice receiving TA-Th1, indicating cross-priming as a possible mechanism of T cell activation. Analysis of p16/Ki67 expression in tumors revealed a strongly enhanced p16 and reduced Ki67 expression exclusively in CIT-treated mice indicating tumor senescence which was not observed in control groups. 18F-FDG-PET/MRI of the spleen showed a significantly increased glucose metabolism in CIT treated mice when compared to SHAM-treatment. In conclusion, our newly developed CIT (2 Gy+TA-Th1+PDL1/LAG3) strongly promoted an anti-tumor immune response in mice with progressed solid cancer. Most importantly, only CIT was able to induce TA-Th1 mediated tumor senescence whereas TA-Th1 or PDL1/LAG3 mAbs alone were inefficient. Moreover, 18F-FDG-PET/MRI of the spleen might represent a novel powerful tool to stratify ICP-blocked responders. Thus, ICP-blockade is applicable to reinforce Th1-cell based immunotherapies and to prolong the lifespan of mice with progressed solid carcinomas.
Citation Format: Barbara F. Schörg, Dominik Sonanini, Johannes Schwenck, Christoph Griessinger, Birgit Fehrenbacher, Martin Schaller, Ursula Kohlhofer, Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez, Christian La Fourgère, Martin Röcken, Bernd J. Pichler, Manfred Kneilling. Combining CD4+ T cell transfer and immune checkpoint blockade demonstrates the power of combined immunotherapies for treatment of progressed solid carcinomas in mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-105.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara F. Schörg
- 1Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Sonanini
- 1Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwenck
- 2Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Griessinger
- 1Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- 3Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Dermatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- 3Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Dermatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Kohlhofer
- 4Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Pathology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Christian La Fourgère
- 2Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- 3Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Dermatology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J. Pichler
- 1Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manfred Kneilling
- 1Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Tuebingen, Germany
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26
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Holstein J, Fehrenbacher B, Brück J, Carevic M, Schaller M, Ghoreschi K, Ghoreschi F. 721 Effects of anthralin on innate factors and cytokeratins expression by keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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27
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Toulany M, Iida M, Keinath S, Iyi FF, Mueck K, Fehrenbacher B, Mansour WY, Schaller M, Wheeler DL, Rodemann HP. Dual targeting of PI3K and MEK enhances the radiation response of K-RAS mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43746-43761. [PMID: 27248324 PMCID: PMC5190057 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant contribution of radiotherapy to non-small lung cancer (NSCLC), radioresistance still occurs. One of the major radioresistance mechanisms is the hyperactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in which Akt facilitates the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) through the stimulation of DNA-PKcs. We investigated if targeting PI3K would be a potential approach for enhancing the radiosensitivity of K-RAS mutated (K-RASmut) NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460. Short-term (1-2 h) pre-treatment of cells with the PI3K inhibitor PI-103 (1 μM) inhibited Akt/DNA-PKcs activity, blocked DSBs repair and induced radiosensitivity, while long-term (24 h) pre-treatment did not. Lack of an effect after 24 h of PI-103 pre-treatment was due to reactivation of K-Ras/MEK/ERK-dependent Akt. However, long-term treatment with the combination of PI-103 and MEK inhibitor PD98059 completely blocked reactivation of Akt and impaired DSBs repair through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) leading to radiosensitization. The effect of PI3K inhibition on Akt signaling was also tested in A549 mouse xenografts. P-Akt and P-DNA-PKcs were inhibited 30 min post-irradiation in xenografts, which were pretreated by PI-103 30 min before irradiation. However, Akt was reactivated 30 min post-irradiation in tumors, which were pre-treated for 3 h with PI-103 before irradiation. After a 24 h pretreatment with PI-103, a significant reactivation of Akt was achieved 24 h after irradiation. Thus, due to MEK/ERK-dependent reactivation of Akt, targeting PI3K alone is not a suitable approach for radiosensitizing K-RASmut NSCLC cells, indicating that dual targeting of PI3K and MEK is an efficient approach to improve radiotherapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mari Iida
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Simone Keinath
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Firdevs F Iyi
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Mueck
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Wael Y Mansour
- Tumor Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Deric L Wheeler
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI, USA
| | - H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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28
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Roider E, Signer C, Fehrenbacher B, Metzler G, Schaller M, Kamarachev J, Kerl K, Balabanov S, Jochum W, Hoetzenecker W, Cozzio A, French LE, Dummer R, Guenova E. Individualized treatment approaches for Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:1423-1424. [PMID: 29194560 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Roider
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C Signer
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - B Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Metzler
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - M Schaller
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - J Kamarachev
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Kerl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Balabanov
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - W Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - W Hoetzenecker
- Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - A Cozzio
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - L E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Borelli C, Becker B, Thude S, Fehrenbacher B, Isermann D. Dermasence refining gel modulates pathogenetic factors of rosacea in vitro. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:e31-e36. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Borelli
- Unit of Esthetic and Laser; Department of Dermatology; Eberhard-Karls-Universiy of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
| | - B Becker
- MolCare Consulting; Wiesent Germany
| | - S Thude
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB; Stuttgart Germany
| | - B Fehrenbacher
- Unit of Esthetic and Laser; Department of Dermatology; Eberhard-Karls-Universiy of Tuebingen; Tuebingen Germany
| | - D Isermann
- P&M Cosmetics GmbH & Co. KG; Münster Germany
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Dinkel G, Kofler L, Sönnichsen K, Fehrenbacher B, Metzler G, Schaller M. Element-specific analysis of a hyperpigmentation caused by levofloxacin therapy. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017; 15:949-951. [PMID: 28872234 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Dinkel
- Department of Dermatology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Kofler
- Department of Dermatology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Sönnichsen
- Department of Dermatology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Gisela Metzler
- Department of Dermatology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Dinkel G, Kofler L, Sönnichsen K, Fehrenbacher B, Metzler G, Schaller M. Elementspezifische Analyse einer Hyperpigmentierung infolge Levofloxacin-Therapie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017; 15:948-950. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13314_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Holstein J, Fehrenbacher B, Brück J, Müller-Hermelink E, Schäfer I, Carevic M, Schittek B, Schaller M, Ghoreschi K, Eberle FC. Anthralin modulates the expression pattern of cytokeratins and antimicrobial peptides by psoriatic keratinocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 87:236-245. [PMID: 28673488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with aberrant keratinocyte proliferation, presumably as a result of immune cell activation. Th17 cytokines like IL-17A and IL-22 are critically implicated in epidermal thickening, altered keratinocyte differentiation and production of innate factors such as antimicrobial peptides. Psoriasis treatment options include modern targeted therapies using anti-cytokine antibodies and traditional non-targeted treatments like anthralin (dithranol). While the mode of action of anti-cytokine antibodies is defined, the effects of topical anthralin on psoriatic skin are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE This study aims to unravel the direct effects of anthralin on keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation and production of psoriasis-associated factors. METHODS We tested the effects of anthralin on cell proliferation, cytokeratin expression and changes in the expression of antimicrobial peptides using primary keratinocytes and 3D psoriasis tissue models with and without stimulation of the psoriasis-promoting cytokines IL-17A and IL-22. Moreover, we compared the findings derived from monolayer and multilayer cultures to data derived from lesional skin of patients with psoriasis before and under treatment with anthralin. RESULTS Our study shows that anthralin directly induces cell apoptosis in vitro in monolayer cultures but not in 3D psoriasis tissue models treated with IL-17A and IL-22. Yet, keratinocyte proliferation as determined by Ki-67 staining is impaired by anthralin in vivo. In lesional skin but not in 3D psoriasis tissue models anthralin rapidly normalizes cytokeratin (CK)16 expression. Furthermore, anthralin directly inhibits DEFB4 expression in vitro and in vivo, while other antimicrobial peptides and cytokines studied like IL-6 and IL-8 are regulated differently in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that anthralin directly regulates DEFB4A expression. However, its beneficial effects on psoriasis cannot be explained by direct effects on keratinocyte differentiation or cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Holstein
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brück
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eva Müller-Hermelink
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Iris Schäfer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Carevic
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Franziska C Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Liebermeisterstr. 25, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
The Gram negative intestinal symbiont Bacteroides vulgatus mpk is able to prevent from induction of colonic inflammation in Rag1-/- mice and promotes immune balance in Il2-/- mice. These inflammation-silencing effects are associated with B. vulgatus mpk-mediated induction of semi-mature dendritic cells, especially in the colonic lamina propria (cLP). However the beneficial interaction of bacteria with host immune cells is limited due to the existence of a large mucus layer covering the intestinal epithelium. How can intestinal bacteria overcome this physical barrier and contact the host immune system? One mechanism is the production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) via ubiquitous blebbing of the outer membrane. These proteoliposomes have the ability to traverse the mucus layer. Hence, OMVs play an important role in immunomodulation and the maintenance of a balanced gut microbiota. Here we demonstrate that the stimulation of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) with isolated OMVs originated from B. vulgatus mpk leads to the induction of a tolerant semi-mature phenotype. Thereby, microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) delivered by OMVs are crucial for the interaction and the resulting maturation of immune cells. Additional to the binding to host TLR4, a yet unknown ligand to TLR2 is indispensable for the conversion of immature BMDCs into a semi-mature state. Thus, crossing the epithelial mucus layer and directly contact host cells, OMV mediate cross-tolerance via the transport of various Toll-like receptor antigens. These features make OMVs to a key attribute of B. vulgatus mpk for a vigorous acellular prevention and treatment of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kevin Maerz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alex Steimle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Lange
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Bender
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- University Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia-Stefanie Frick
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,CONTACT Prof. Dr. Julia-Stefanie Frick , Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str.6, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Giovannini S, Weibel L, Braunsdorf C, Schaller M, Schittek B, Kulik A, Fehrenbacher B, Röcken M, Kamenisch Y, Berneburg M. 522 Induction of the progeroid/cancer prone XP-like phenotype by an antimycotic drug is mediated via reversible downregulation of DNA repair, an update. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Brück J, Holstein J, Schlögl A, Meier K, Fehrenbacher B, Yazdi A, Ghoreschi K. 441 Cell type specific expression and induction of IL-33 mRNA and protein. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bissinger R, Lang E, Ghashghaeinia M, Singh Y, Zelenak C, Fehrenbacher B, Honisch S, Chen H, Fakhri H, Umbach AT, Liu G, Rexhepaj R, Liu G, Schaller M, Mack AF, Lupescu A, Birnbaumer L, Lang F, Qadri SM. Blunted apoptosis of erythrocytes in mice deficient in the heterotrimeric G-protein subunit Gαi2. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30925. [PMID: 27499046 PMCID: PMC4976336 DOI: 10.1038/srep30925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Putative functions of the heterotrimeric G-protein subunit Gαi2-dependent signaling include ion channel regulation, cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Erythrocytes may, similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, undergo eryptosis, characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. Eryptosis may be triggered by increased cytosolic Ca2+ activity and ceramide. In the present study, we show that Gαi2 is expressed in both murine and human erythrocytes and further examined the survival of erythrocytes drawn from Gαi2-deficient mice (Gαi2−/−) and corresponding wild-type mice (Gαi2+/+). Our data show that plasma erythropoietin levels, erythrocyte maturation markers, erythrocyte counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were similar in Gαi2−/− and Gαi2+/+ mice but the mean corpuscular volume was significantly larger in Gαi2−/− mice. Spontaneous PS exposure of circulating Gαi2−/− erythrocytes was significantly lower than that of circulating Gαi2+/+ erythrocytes. PS exposure was significantly lower in Gαi2−/− than in Gαi2+/+ erythrocytes following ex vivo exposure to hyperosmotic shock, bacterial sphingomyelinase or C6 ceramide. Erythrocyte Gαi2 deficiency further attenuated hyperosmotic shock-induced increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity and cell shrinkage. Moreover, Gαi2−/− erythrocytes were more resistant to osmosensitive hemolysis as compared to Gαi2+/+ erythrocytes. In conclusion, Gαi2 deficiency in erythrocytes confers partial protection against suicidal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosi Bissinger
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christine Zelenak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sabina Honisch
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hajar Fakhri
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anja T Umbach
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Guilai Liu
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rexhep Rexhepaj
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Adrian Lupescu
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Florian Lang
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Institute of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine and Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.,Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Honisch S, Fehrenbacher B, Lebedeva A, Alesutan I, Castor T, Alkahtani S, Alarifi S, Schaller M, Stournaras C, Lang F. Chorein Sensitive Dopamine Release from Pheochromocytoma (PC12) Cells. Neurosignals 2015; 23:1-10. [PMID: 26656295 DOI: 10.1159/000442599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chorein, a protein supporting activation of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K), participates in the regulation of actin polymerization and cell survival. A loss of function mutation of the chorein encoding gene VPS13A (vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13A) leads to chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc), a neurodegenerative disorder with simultaneous erythrocyte akanthocytosis. In blood platelets chorein deficiency has been shown to compromise expression of vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 (VAMP8) and thus degranulation. The present study explored whether chorein is similarly involved in VAMP8 expression and dopamine release of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. METHODS Chorein was down-regulated by silencing in PC12 cells. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to quantify the number of vesicles, RT-PCR to determine transcript levels, Western blotting to quantify protein expression and ELISA to determine dopamine release. RESULTS Chorein silencing significantly reduced the number of vesicles, VAMP8 transcript levels and VAMP8 protein abundance. Increase of extracellular K+ from 5 mM to 40 mM resulted in marked stimulation of dopamine release, an effect significantly blunted by chorein silencing. CONCLUSIONS Chorein deficiency down-regulates VAMP8 expression, vesicle numbers and dopamine release in pheochromocytoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Honisch
- Department of Physiology, University of Tx00FC;bingen, Tx00FC;bingen, Germany
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Maerz J, Steimle A, Grohnbach K, Fehrenbacher B, Autenrieth I, Frick J. ID: 178. Cytokine 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.08.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dittmann KH, Rothmund MC, Paasch A, Mayer C, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Frauenstein K, Fritsche E, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Braeuning A, Rodemann HP. The nuclear aryl hydocarbon receptor is involved in regulation of DNA repair and cell survival following treatment with ionizing radiation. Toxicol Lett 2015; 240:122-9. [PMID: 26520184 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) for γ-H2AX associated DNA repair in response to treatment with ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation was able to stabilize AhR protein and to induce a nuclear translocation in a similar way as described for exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. A comparable AhR protein stabilization was obtained by treatment with hydroxyl-nonenal-generated by radiation-induced lipid peroxidation. AhR knockdown resulted in significant radio-sensitization of both A549- and HaCaT cells. Under these conditions an increased amount of residual γ-H2AX foci and a delayed decline of γ-H2AX foci was observed. Knockdown of the co-activator ARNT, which is essential for transcriptional activation of AhR target genes, reduced AhR-dependent CYP1A expression in response to irradiation, but was without effect on the amount of residual γ-H2AX foci. Nuclear AhR was found in complex with γ-H2AX, DNA-PK, ATM and Lamin A. AhR and γ-H2AX form together nuclear foci, which disappear during DNA repair. Presence of nuclear AhR protein is associated with ATM activation and chromatin relaxation indicated by acetylation of histone H3. Taken together, we could show, that beyond the function as a transcription factor the nuclear AhR is involved in the regulation of DNA repair. Reduction of nuclear AhR inhibits DNA-double stand repair and radiosensitizes cells. First hints for its molecular mechanism suggest a role during ATM activation and chromatin relaxation, both essential for DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Dittmann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - M C Rothmund
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - A Paasch
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - C Mayer
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - B Fehrenbacher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Frauenstein
- AG Molekulare Toxikologie, Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - E Fritsche
- AG Molekulare Toxikologie, Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Haarmann-Stemmann
- AG Molekulare Toxikologie, Institut für umweltmedizinische Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Braeuning
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Deptartment of Food Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - H P Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
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Chaachouay H, Fehrenbacher B, Toulany M, Schaller M, Multhoff G, Rodemann HP. AMPK-independent autophagy promotes radioresistance of human tumor cells under clinical relevant hypoxia in vitro. Radiother Oncol 2015; 116:409-16. [PMID: 26318663 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blocking of the autophagy-signaling has the potential to improve cancer therapy. In the present study, the role of autophagy for radioresistance of human tumor cells was tested under clinically relevant hypoxia (1% O2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma FaDu, colon carcinoma cell line HCT116 and mouse-embryo-fibroblasts were analyzed under normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (0.01% and 1% O2) conditions with respect to clonogenic cell survival and hypoxia-induced autophagy. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy were used to monitor the autophagy process and Western blotting of LC3, AMPK, and BNIP3 was applied to analyze autophagy signaling. RESULTS Clinically relevant hypoxia stimulated autophagy in tumor cells as indicated by enhanced LC3-I to LC3-II conversion. Furthermore, hypoxia stimulated autophagy was approved by Immunofluorescence staining and electron-microscopy analysis of autophagosome vacuoles. Preconditioning of tumor cells to moderate-hypoxia increased their radioresistance that was significantly reversed following pretreatment with autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine. Using siRNA against AMPK as well as AMPK deficient cells, autophagy stimulation by 1% O2 was shown to be AMPK-independent. However, a correlation between the expression of BNIP3 and autophagy-stimulation was observed under this condition. CONCLUSION Under clinically relevant hypoxia (1% O2) the stimulation of autophagy mediates resistance of hypoxic tumor cells to ionizing radiation, which is independent of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Chaachouay
- Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München (TUM), and HMGU CCG - Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, Germany; Section of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München (TUM), and HMGU CCG - Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, Germany
| | - H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiobiology & Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.
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Feil S, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Feil R. Temporally‐controlled Cell Labelling Reveals Transdifferentiation of Smooth Muscle Cells during Atherogenesis. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut fuer Biochemie University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | | | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut fuer Biochemie University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
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Keller B, Mühlenkamp M, Deuschle E, Siegfried A, Mössner S, Schade J, Griesinger T, Katava N, Braunsdorf C, Fehrenbacher B, Jiménez‐Soto LF, Schaller M, Haas R, Genth H, Retta SF, Meyer H, Böttcher RT, Zent R, Schütz M, Autenrieth IB, Bohn E. Yersinia enterocolitica
exploits different pathways to accomplish adhesion and toxin injection into host cells. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:1179-204. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Keller
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Melanie Mühlenkamp
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Eva Deuschle
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Alexandra Siegfried
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Sara Mössner
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Jessica Schade
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Tanja Griesinger
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | - Nenad Katava
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin Schaller
- Department of Dermatology Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Max von Pettenkofer‐Institut Ludwig‐Maximilians University Munich Germany
| | - Harald Genth
- Institute of Toxicology Medical School Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Saverio F. Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Torino Orbassano Italy
| | - Hannelore Meyer
- Max Planck Institut für Biochemie Martinsried Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene Technische Universität München Germany
| | | | - Roy Zent
- Department of Medicine (Division of Nephrology) Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Monika Schütz
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
- Department of Medicine (Division of Nephrology) Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA
| | - Ingo B. Autenrieth
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
- German Centre of Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Tübingen Germany
| | - Erwin Bohn
- Interfakultäres Institut für Mikrobiologie und Infektionsmedizin Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Germany
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Magg J, Portal E, Clemens L, Weber J, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Sohn A, Mains R, Riess O, Nguyen H. B21 Characterisation Of Mice Overexpressing Mutant Huntingtin Lacking The Spine Morphogenesis Regulator Kalirin-7. J Neurol Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Feil S, Fehrenbacher B, Lukowski R, Essmann F, Schulze-Osthoff K, Schaller M, Feil R. Transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells to macrophage-like cells during atherogenesis. Circ Res 2014; 115:662-7. [PMID: 25070003 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.304634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Atherosclerosis is a widespread and devastating disease, but the origins of cells within atherosclerotic plaques are not well defined. OBJECTIVE To investigate the specific contribution of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to atherosclerotic plaque formation by genetic inducible fate mapping in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Vascular SMCs were genetically pulse-labeled using the tamoxifen-dependent Cre recombinase, CreER(T2), expressed from the endogenous SM22α locus combined with Cre-activatable reporter genes that were integrated into the ROSA26 locus. Mature SMCs in the arterial media were labeled by tamoxifen treatment of young apolipoprotein E-deficient mice before the development of atherosclerosis and then their fate was monitored in older atherosclerotic animals. We found that medial SMCs can undergo clonal expansion and convert to macrophage-like cells that have lost classic SMC marker expression and make up a major component of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides strong in vivo evidence for smooth muscle-to-macrophage transdifferentiation and supports an important role of SMC plasticity in atherogenesis. Targeting this type of SMC phenotypic conversion might be a novel strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis, as well as other diseases with a smooth muscle component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Feil
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Fehrenbacher
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Essmann
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Schulze-Osthoff
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schaller
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- From the Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie (S.F., F.E., K.S.-O., R.F.), Department of Dermatology (B.F., M.S.), and Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Klinische Pharmazie (R.L.), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Griessinger CM, Kehlbach R, Bukala D, Wiehr S, Bantleon R, Cay F, Schmid A, Braumüller H, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Eichner M, Sutcliffe JL, Ehrlichmann W, Eibl O, Reischl G, Cherry SR, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. In Vivo Tracking of Th1 Cells by PET Reveals Quantitative and Temporal Distribution and Specific Homing in Lymphatic Tissue. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:301-7. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.126318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Bakele M, Joos M, Burdi S, Allgaier N, Pöschel S, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Marcos V, Kümmerle-Deschner J, Rieber N, Borregaard N, Yazdi A, Hector A, Hartl D. Localization and functionality of the inflammasome in neutrophils. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:5320-9. [PMID: 24398679 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.505636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils represent the major fraction of circulating immune cells and are rapidly recruited to sites of infection and inflammation. The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that regulates the generation of IL-1 family proteins. The precise subcellular localization and functionality of the inflammasome in human neutrophils are poorly defined. Here we demonstrate that highly purified human neutrophils express key components of the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes, particularly apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), AIM2, and caspase-1. Subcellular fractionation and microscopic analyses further showed that inflammasome components were localized in the cytoplasm and also noncanonically in secretory vesicle and tertiary granule compartments. Whereas IL-1β and IL-18 were expressed at the mRNA level and released as protein, highly purified neutrophils neither expressed nor released IL-1α at baseline or upon stimulation. Upon inflammasome activation, highly purified neutrophils released substantially lower levels of IL-1β protein compared with partially purified neutrophils. Serine proteases and caspases were differentially involved in IL-1β release, depending on the stimulus. Spontaneous activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophils in vivo affected IL-1β, but not IL-18 release. In summary, these studies show that human neutrophils express key components of the inflammasome machinery in distinct intracellular compartments and release IL-1β and IL-18, but not IL-1α or IL-33 protein. Targeting the neutrophil inflammasome may represent a future therapeutic strategy to modulate neutrophilic inflammatory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis.
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Alers S, Löffler AS, Paasch F, Dieterle AM, Keppeler H, Lauber K, Campbell DG, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Wesselborg S, Stork B. Atg13 and FIP200 act independently of Ulk1 and Ulk2 in autophagy induction. Autophagy 2012; 7:1423-33. [PMID: 22024743 DOI: 10.4161/auto.7.12.18027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal growth conditions the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) negatively regulates the central autophagy regulator complex consisting of Unc-51-like kinases 1/2 (Ulk1/2), focal adhesion kinase family-interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200) and Atg13. Upon starvation, mTORC1-mediated repression of this complex is released, which then leads to Ulk1/2 activation. In this scenario, Atg13 has been proposed as an adaptor mediating the interaction between Ulk1/2 and FIP200 and enhancing Ulk1/2 kinase activity. Using Atg13-deficient cells, we demonstrate that Atg13 is indispensable for autophagy induction. We further show that Atg13 function strictly depends on FIP200 binding. In contrast, the simultaneous knockout of Ulk1 and Ulk2 did not have a similar effect on autophagy induction. Accordingly, the Ulk1-dependent phosphorylation sites we identified in Atg13 are expendable for this process. This suggests that Atg13 has an additional function independent of Ulk1/2 and that Atg13 and FIP200 act in concert during autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Alers
- Department of Internal Medicine I; University Clinic of Tübingen; Tübingen, Germany
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Guenova E, Walker F, Teske A, Fehrenbacher B, Hoerber S, Adamczyk A, Schaller M, Hoetzenecker W, Biedermann T. Ustekinumab for pyoderma gangrenosum-reply. Arch Dermatol 2012; 148:656. [PMID: 23752957 DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2012.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Grundmann K, Glöckle N, Martella G, Sciamanna G, Hauser TK, Yu L, Castaneda S, Pichler B, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Nuscher B, Haass C, Hettich J, Yue Z, Nguyen HP, Pisani A, Riess O, Ott T. Generation of a novel rodent model for DYT1 dystonia. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 47:61-74. [PMID: 22472189 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A mutation in the coding region of the Tor1A gene, resulting in a deletion of a glutamic acid residue in the torsinA protein (∆ETorA), is the major cause of the inherited autosomal-dominant early onset torsion dystonia (DYT1). The pathophysiological consequences of this amino acid loss are still not understood. Currently available animal models for DYT1 dystonia provided important insights into the disease; however, they differ with respect to key features of torsinA associated pathology. We developed transgenic rat models harboring the full length human mutant and wildtype Tor1A gene. A complex phenotyping approach including classical behavioral tests, electrophysiology and neuropathology revealed a progressive neurological phenotype in ∆ETorA expressing rats. Furthermore, we were able to replicate key pathological features of torsinA associated pathology in a second species, such as nuclear envelope pathology, behavioral abnormalities and plasticity changes. We therefore suggest that this rat model represents an appropriate new model suitable to further investigate the pathophysiology of ∆ETorA and to test for therapeutic approaches.
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Toulany M, Schickfluss TA, Fattah KR, Lee KJ, Chen BPC, Fehrenbacher B, Schaller M, Chen DJ, Rodemann HP. Function of erbB receptors and DNA-PKcs on phosphorylation of cytoplasmic and nuclear Akt at S473 induced by erbB1 ligand and ionizing radiation. Radiother Oncol 2011; 101:140-6. [PMID: 21723633 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In the present study effect of erbB2 as well as DNA-PKcs on ionizing radiation (IR)- and erbB1 ligand-induced phosphorylation of Akt at S473 in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA-PKcs proficient and deficient syngeneic colon carcinoma sublines of HCT116 and the glioblastoma cell lines MO59K and MO59J as well as the lung carcinoma cell line A549 were used. Akt-S473 phosphorylation was investigated in cells pre-treated with pharmacological inhibitors or transfected with siRNA by immunoprecipitation, Western blotting and confocal microscopy after different stimuli, i.e., ligands and IR. RESULTS IR-induced phosphorylation of Akt in both MO59K and MO59J cell lines but not in HCT116 cells was DNA-PKcs dependent. In A549 cells, IR-induced phosphorylation of nuclear Akt-S473 was dependent on erbB1, erbB2, and DNA-PKcs. EGF induced phosphorylation of nuclear Akt-S473 in a DNA-PKcs and erbB2 independent manner. CONCLUSION Data indicate that the function of DNA-PKcs on IR-induced Akt-S473 phosphorylation is cell line specific. IR-induced, but not EGF-induced phosphorylation of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear Akt-S473 is erbB2 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Toulany
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
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