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Yoon HS, Wu J, Shidal C, Sun Y, Franke AA, Yang JJ, Braithwaite D, Courtney R, Cai H, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Zheng W, Cai Q. Associations between Plasma Tocopherols and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from the Southern Community Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:480-488. [PMID: 38284815 PMCID: PMC10990776 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the various anticancer activities of tocopherols, little is known about tocopherols associated with lung cancer risk among low-income African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) who are disproportionately affected by the disease. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study that included 209 incident lung cancer cases and 406 matched controls within the Southern Community Cohort Study. Using biospecimens collected at cohort enrollment, plasma levels of α-, β/γ-, δ-, and total-tocopherols were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer risk after adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Plasma levels of total-tocopherols were inversely associated with lung cancer risk overall [OR (95% CI) for the highest vs. lowest tertile = 0.51 (0.30-0.90)]. The inverse association remained significant among EAs [0.20 (0.06-0.65)], men [0.43 (0.21-0.90)], current smokers [0.49 (0.26-0.93)], and cases diagnosed within 2 years of blood draw [0.36 (0.15-0.86)], though we did not find a significant risk reduction among AAs [0.75 (0.39-1.45)]. Notably, we found significant interactions between α-tocopherol and race after controlling the FDR to correct for multiple comparisons (Pinteraction = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that plasma total-tocopherols are inversely associated with lung cancer risk, but the association may differ across specific isomeric forms of tocopherols, race, or other individuals' characteristics. Further large-scale studies are warranted to confirm our findings. IMPACT Recommendations on tocopherols for lung cancer prevention should take isomers, race, and smoking behaviors into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Suk Yoon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Chris Shidal
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Yan Sun
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Jae Jeong Yang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Regina Courtney
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Almutairi AA, Ahmed WE, Algonaiman R, Alhomaid RM, Almujaydil MS, Althwab SA, Elhassan AEM, Mousa HM. Hypolipidemic, Hypoglycemic, and Ameliorative Effects of Boiled Parsley ( Petroselinum crispum) and Mallow ( Corchorus olitorius) Leaf Extracts in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Foods 2023; 12:4303. [PMID: 38231757 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major health concern associated with serious conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the potential anti-obesity effects of heat-treated parsley and mallow extracts (PE and ME, respectively) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. The selected herbs underwent three heat treatments (boiling, blanching, and microwaving), and the most effective treatment was orally administered to the HFD rats for eight weeks. All three treatments effectively increased the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of the herbs, with boiling treatment exhibiting the most significant increase. Boiled herbs demonstrated approximately 29% higher TPC and an impressive 348% increase in antioxidant activity compared to the other treatments. Oral administration of the boiled herb extracts to the HFD rats resulted in significant reductions in body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol levels, while elevating the HDL cholesterol levels compared to the positive control rats. Additionally, the boiled herb extracts exhibited antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects. Notably, PE displayed more significant anti-obesity properties compared to ME, potentially due to higher TPC and antioxidant activity observed in PE compared to ME. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential positive effects of boiled parsley against obesity and recommends boiling treatment as the preferred method when heat treatment is required for herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albandari A Almutairi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waheeba E Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum Bahri 13311, Sudan
| | - Raya Algonaiman
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad M Alhomaid
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona S Almujaydil
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ard ElShifa M Elhassan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Mirghani Mousa
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Taniguchi S, Ono Y, Doi Y, Taniguchi S, Matsuura Y, Iwasaki A, Hirata N, Fukuda R, Inoue K, Yamaguchi M, Tashiro A, Egami D, Aoki S, Kondoh Y, Honda K, Osada H, Kumeta H, Saio T, Okiyoneda T. Identification of α-Tocopherol succinate as an RFFL-substrate interaction inhibitor inducing peripheral CFTR stabilization and apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115730. [PMID: 37543348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RFFL is an apoptotic inhibitor highly expressed in cancers and its knockdown suppresses cancer cell growth and sensitizes to chemotherapy. RFFL also participates in peripheral protein quality control which removes the functional cell surface ΔF508-CFTR channel and reduces the efficacy of pharmaceutical therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF). Although RFFL inhibitors have therapeutic potential for both cancer and CF, they remain undiscovered. Here, a chemical array screening has identified α-tocopherol succinate (αTOS) as an RFFL ligand. NMR analysis revealed that αTOS directly binds to RFFL's substrate-binding region without affecting the E3 enzymatic activity. Consequently, αTOS inhibits the RFFL-substrate interaction, ΔF508-CFTR ubiquitination and elimination from the plasma membrane of epithelial cells, resulting in the increased functional CFTR channel. Among the α-tocopherol (αTOL) analogs we tested, only αTOS inhibited the RFFL-substrate interaction and increased the cell surface ΔF508-CFTR, depending on RFFL expression. Similarly, the unique proapoptotic effect of αTOS was dependent on RFFL expression. Thus, unlike other αTOL analogs, αTOS acts as an RFFL protein-protein interaction inhibitor which may explain its unique biological properties among αTOL analogs. Moreover, αTOS may act as a CFTR stabilizer, a novel class of drugs that extend cell surface ΔF508-CFTR lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiho Taniguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yuji Ono
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yukako Doi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Shogo Taniguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Ayuka Iwasaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hirata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fukuda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Keitaro Inoue
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Miho Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Anju Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Daichi Egami
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Aoki
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kondoh
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kaori Honda
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumeta
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomohide Saio
- Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Okiyoneda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
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Suksiriworapong J, Achayawat C, Juangrattanakamjorn P, Taresco V, Crucitti VC, Sakchaisri K, Bunsupa S. Modification of Poly(Glycerol Adipate) with Tocopherol and Cholesterol Modulating Nanoparticle Self-Assemblies and Cellular Responses of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells to SN-38 Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2100. [PMID: 37631315 PMCID: PMC10459774 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to fabricate new variations of glycerol-based polyesters by grafting poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) with hydrophobic bioactive moieties, tocopherol (TOC), and cholesterol (CHO). Their effects on nanoparticle (NP) formation, drug release, and cellular responses in cancer and normal cells were evaluated. CHO and TOC were successfully grafted onto PGA backbones with 30% and 50% mole grafting. Increasing the percentage of mole grafting in both molecules increased the glass transition temperature and water contact angle of the final polymers but decreased the critical micelle concentration of the formulated particles. PGA-TOC NPs reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. However, they enhanced the proliferation of primary dermal fibroblasts within a specific concentration range. PGA-CHO NPs minimally affected the growth of cancer and normal cells. Both types of NPs did not affect apoptosis or the cell cycle of cancer cells. PGA-CHO and PGA-TOC NPs were able to entrap SN-38, a hydrophobic anticancer drug, with a particle size <200 nm. PGA-CHO NPs had a higher drug loading capacity and a greater drug release than PGA-TOC NPs. However, SN-38-loaded PGA-TOC NPs showed higher toxicity than SN-38 and SN-38-loaded PGA-CHO NPs due to the combined effects of antiproliferation and higher cellular uptake. Compared with SN-38, the drug-loaded NPs more profoundly induced sub-G1 in the cell cycle analysis and apoptosis of cancer cells in a similar pattern. Therefore, PGA-CHO and PGA-TOC polymers have potential applications as delivery systems for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chittin Achayawat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Krisada Sakchaisri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Somnuk Bunsupa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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5
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Jiao X, Bian Q, Feng T, Lyu X, Yu H, Ye L. Efficient Secretory Production of δ-Tocotrienol by Combining Pathway Modularization and Transportation Engineering. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37262183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin E component δ-tocotrienol has shown impressive activities in radioprotection, neuroprotection, and cholesterol reduction. Its production is limited by the low content in plants and difficulty in separation from other tocotrienols. Fermentative production using a microbial cell factory that exclusively produces and secretes δ-tocotrienol is a promising alternative approach. Assembly of the δ-tocotrienol synthetic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae followed by comprehensive pathway engineering led to the production of 73.45 mg/L δ-tocotrienol. Subsequent addition of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) and overexpression of the transcription factor PDR1 significantly elevated δ-tocotrienol titer to 241.7 mg/L (63.65 mg/g dry cell weight) in shake flasks, with 30.4% secreted. By properly adding CD and the in situ extractant olive oil, 181.12 mg/L of δ-tocotrienol was collected as an extracellular product, accounting for 85.6% of the total δ-tocotrienol production. This process provides not only a promising δ-tocotrienol cell factory but also insights into yeast engineering toward secretory production of other terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering (Education Ministry), College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Bian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering (Education Ministry), College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Taotao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering (Education Ministry), College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaomei Lyu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering (Education Ministry), College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lidan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering (Education Ministry), College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311200, China
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6
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Khallouki F, Hajji L, Saber S, Bouddine T, Edderkaoui M, Bourhia M, Mir N, Lim A, El Midaoui A, Giesy JP, Aboul-Soud MAM, Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. An Update on Tamoxifen and the Chemo-Preventive Potential of Vitamin E in Breast Cancer Management. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050754. [PMID: 37240924 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female cancer in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is a widely prescribed, oral anti-estrogen drug for the hormonal treatment of estrogen-receptor-positive BC, which represents 70% of all BC subtypes. This review assesses the current knowledge on the molecular pharmacology of tamoxifen in terms of its anticancer and chemo-preventive actions. Due to the importance of vitamin E compounds, which are widely taken as a supplementary dietary component, the review focuses only on the potential importance of vitamin E in BC chemo-prevention. The chemo-preventive and onco-protective effects of tamoxifen combined with the potential effects of vitamin E can alter the anticancer actions of tamoxifen. Therefore, methods involving an individually designed, nutritional intervention for patients with BC warrant further consideration. These data are of great importance for tamoxifen chemo-prevention strategies in future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Khallouki
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Lhoussain Hajji
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Somayya Saber
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Toufik Bouddine
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center & University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technical Health, Laayoune 70000, Morocco
| | - Nora Mir
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes 50050, Morocco
| | - Adrian Lim
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center & University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Adil El Midaoui
- Biology Department, FSTE, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 609, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Mourad A M Aboul-Soud
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandrine Silvente-Poirot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM, UMR 5071 CNRS, University of Toulouse III, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 31037 Toulouse, France
- French Network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe Network), 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marc Poirot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, UMR 1037 INSERM, UMR 5071 CNRS, University of Toulouse III, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 31037 Toulouse, France
- French Network for Nutrition And Cancer Research (NACRe Network), 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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de Oliveira VA, Monteiro Fernandes ANR, Dos Santos Leal LM, Ferreira Lima PA, Silva Pereira AR, Pereira IC, Negreiros HA, Pereira-Freire JA, da Silva FCC, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante AA, Torres-Leal FL, Azevedo AP, de Castro E Sousa JM. α-tocopherol as a selective modulator of toxicogenic damage induced by antineoplastic agents cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:87-102. [PMID: 36756732 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2168224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the oxidative/antioxidative effects, modulatory and selective potential of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) on antineoplastic drug-induced toxicogenetic damage. The toxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by antineoplastic agents cyclophosphamide (CPA) and doxorubicin (DOX) was examined utilizing as models Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Allium cepa, Artemia salina and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of α-tocopherol. For these tests, concentrations of α- tocopherol 100 IU/ml (67mg/ml), CPA 20 µg/ml, DOX 2 µg/ml were used. The selectivity of α-tocopherol was assessed by the MTT test using human mammary gland non-tumor (MCF10A) and tumor (MCF-7) cell lines. Data showed cytoplasmic and mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by CPA or DOX was significantly diminished by α-tocopherol in S. cerevisiae. In addition, the toxic effects on A. salina and cytotoxic and mutagenic effects on A. cepa were significantly reduced by α-tocopherol. In PBMCs, α-tocopherol alone did not markedly affect these cells, and when treated in conjunction with CPA or DOX, α-tocopherol reduced the toxicogenetic effects noted after antineoplastic drug administration as evidenced by decreased chromosomal alterations and lowered cell death rate. In human mammary gland non-tumor and tumor cell lines, α-tocopherol produced selective cytotoxicity with 2-fold higher effect in tumor cells. Evidence indicates that vitamin E (1) produced anti-cytotoxic and anti-mutagenic effects against CPA and DOX (2) increased higher selectivity toward tumor cells, and (3) presented chemoprotective activity in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | | | - Lauana Maria Dos Santos Leal
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Paloma Alves Ferreira Lima
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Ana Rafaela Silva Pereira
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Irislene Costa Pereira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Helber Alves Negreiros
- Laboratory of Research, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Joilane Alves Pereira-Freire
- Department of Nutrition, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros - CSHNB, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN) Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Adriana Paiva Azevedo
- Post-graduate program of Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Post-graduate program of Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Post-graduate program of Pharmaceutical sciences, Federal University of Piauí - UFPI, Picos, Brazil
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8
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Wei X, Yang M. Cell- and subcellular organelle-targeting nanoparticle-mediated breast cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1180794. [PMID: 37089933 PMCID: PMC10117787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1180794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant tumor, surpassing lung cancer as the most frequent malignancy in women. Drug resistance, metastasis, and immune escape are the major factors affecting patient survival and represent a huge challenge in BC treatment in clinic. The cell- and subcellular organelle-targeting nanoparticles-mediated targeted BC therapy may be an effective modality for immune evasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Nanocarriers, efficiently delivering small molecules and macromolecules, are used to target subcellular apparatuses with excellent targeting, controlled delivery, and fewer side effects. This study summarizes and critically analyzes the latest organic nanoparticle-mediated subcellular targeted therapeutic based on chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and combination therapy in detail, and discusses the challenges and opportunities of nanoparticle therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Yang,
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Wang M, Malfanti A, Bastiancich C, Préat V. Synergistic effect of doxorubicin lauroyl hydrazone derivative delivered by α-tocopherol succinate micelles for the treatment of glioblastoma. Int J Pharm X 2022; 5:100147. [PMID: 36620521 PMCID: PMC9813532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that tocopherol succinate (TOS) and D-α-tocopherol polyethylene2000 succinate (TPGS2000) micelles could work as a drug delivery system while enhancing the anti-cancer efficacy of doxorubicin lauryl hydrazone derivative (DOXC12) for the treatment of glioblastoma. The DOXC12-TOS-TPGS2000 micelles were formulated with synthesized DOXC12 and TPGS2000. They showed a high drug loading of hydrophobic DOXC12 (29%), a size of <100 nm and a pH sensitive drug release behaviour. In vitro, fast uptake of DOXC12-TOS-TPGS2000 micelles by GL261 cells was observed. For cytotoxicity, DOXC12-TOS-TPGS2000 micelles were evaluated on two glioblastoma cell lines and showed synergism between DOXC12 and TOS-TPGS2000. The higher cytotoxicity of DOXC12-TOS-TPGS2000 micelles was mainly caused by necrosis. The DOXC12-TOS-TPGS2000 micelles seem to be a promising delivery system for enhancing the anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin in glioblastoma (GBM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Wang
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessio Malfanti
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France,Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Véronique Préat
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium,Corresponding author.
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Alves CG, Lima-Sousa R, Melo BL, Ferreira P, Moreira AF, Correia IJ, Melo-Diogo DD. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-IR780 conjugate nanoparticles for breast cancer phototherapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:2057-2072. [PMID: 36803049 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To address the limitations of IR780 by preparing hydrophilic polymer-IR780 conjugates and to employ these conjugates in the assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) intended for cancer photothermal therapy. Materials & methods: The cyclohexenyl ring of IR780 was conjugated for the first time with thiol-terminated poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx). This novel poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-IR780 (PEtOx-IR) conjugate was combined with D-α-tocopheryl succinate (TOS), leading to the assembly of mixed NPs (PEtOx-IR/TOS NPs). Results: PEtOx-IR/TOS NPs displayed optimal colloidal stability as well as cytocompatibility in healthy cells at doses within the therapeutic range. In turn, the combination of PEtOx-IR/TOS NPs and near-infrared light reduced heterotypic breast cancer spheroid viability to just 15%. Conclusion: PEtOx-IR/TOS NPs are promising agents for breast cancer photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia G Alves
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
| | - Rita Lima-Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
| | - Bruna L Melo
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
| | - Paula Ferreira
- CIEPQPF - Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Coimbra Institute of Engineering (ISEC), Rua Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, 3030-199, Portugal
| | - André F Moreira
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
| | - Ilídio J Correia
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
- CIEPQPF - Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Coimbra, 3030-790, Portugal
| | - Duarte de Melo-Diogo
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Avenida Infante D Henrique, Covilhã, 6200-506, Portugal
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11
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Antioxidant and Anticancer Potentials of the Olive and Sesame Mixture against Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Wistar Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5440773. [PMID: 36262974 PMCID: PMC9576397 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5440773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and natural agents have shown some promise in fighting it. Thus, the present study tried to evaluate the healing potential of an equal combination of olive and sesame extract (MOS) against the colorectal cancerous lesions that were induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male rats and also compare the anticarcinogenic potential of the MOS and vitamin E with each other. Therefore, the mixture of equal olive and sesame extract (MOS) was used as the main treatment, alongside vitamin E as a parallel treatment. This study examined the red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) levels, biochemical indices, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), total protein (TP), creatine kinase (CPK), albumin, and the colon tissue pathology, as well as the level of protein expression of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Also, the tissue stress markers including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed. Overall, the results represented a significant reduction in the congestion, mitotic index, inflammation, and cell destruction in the MOS group compared to the DMH group. In terms of the oxidative stress level, a significant increase was observed in the DMH group in comparison with the DMH-MOS group (P < 0.05), and the MOS significantly increased TAC level (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the DMH+MOS-exposed group exhibited a significantly lower expression of the PCNA, CEA, and PDGF proteins than those of the DMH group. Overall, the MOS showed that it can effectively prevent DMH-induced colon lesions. This mixture, as a strong antioxidant agent, can be clinically applied for preventing and treating colorectal cancer, the effectiveness of which is higher than that of vitamin E.
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12
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Ranasinghe R, Mathai M, Zulli A. Revisiting the therapeutic potential of tocotrienol. Biofactors 2022; 48:813-856. [PMID: 35719120 PMCID: PMC9544065 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of the tocotrienol group stems from its nutraceutical properties as a dietary supplement. It is largely considered to be safe when consumed at low doses for attenuating pathophysiology as shown by animal models, in vitro assays, and ongoing human trials. Medical researchers and the allied sciences have experimented with tocotrienols for many decades, but its therapeutic potential was limited to adjuvant or concurrent treatment regimens. Recent studies have focused on targeted drug delivery by enhancing the bioavailability through carriers, self-sustained emulsions, nanoparticles, and ethosomes. Epigenetic modulation and computer remodeling are other means that will help increase chemosensitivity. This review will focus on the systemic intracellular anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are stimulated and/or regulated by tocotrienols while highlighting its potent therapeutic properties in a diverse group of clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranmali Ranasinghe
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and MedicineVictoria UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael Mathai
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and MedicineVictoria UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute of Health and Sport, College of Health and MedicineVictoria UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Gupta M, Chandan K, Sarwat M. Natural Products and their Derivatives as Immune Check Point Inhibitors: Targeting Cytokine/Chemokine Signalling in Cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:214-232. [PMID: 35772610 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is the new generation and widely accepted form of tumour treatment. It is, however, associated with exclusive challenges which include organ-specific inflammation, and single-target strategies. Therefore, approaches that can enhance the efficiency of existing immunotherapies and expand their indications are required for the further development of immunotherapy. Natural products and medicines are stated to have this desired effect on cancer immunotherapy (adoptive immune-cells therapy, cancer vaccines, and immune-check point inhibitors). They refurbish the immunosuppressed tumour microenvironment, which is the primary location of interaction of tumour cells with the host immune system. Various immune cell subsets, via interaction with cytokine/chemokine receptors, are recruited into this microenvironment, and these subsets have roles in tumour progression and treatment responsiveness. This review summarises cytokine/chemokine signalling, types of cancer immunotherapy and the herbal medicine-derived natural products targeting cytokine/chemokines and immune checkpoints. These natural compounds possess immunomodulatory activities and exert their anti-tumour effect by either blocking the interaction or modulating the expression of the proteins linked with immune checkpoint signaling pathways. Some compounds also show a synergistic effect in combination with existing monoclonal antibody drugs to reverse the tumour microenvironment. Additionally, we have also reported some studies about the derivatives and formulations used to overcome the limitations of natural forms. This review can provide important insights for directing future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Chandan
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida-201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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14
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The Effect of Chia Seed Extracts against Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in Rats. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3507674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives. It is known that the oxidation of chia seeds is minimal or absent, due to the presence of bioactive compounds, having a great potential in the foods and pharmacological industry. This investigation was done to estimate the nutrition values and anti-oxidant activity of chia seed extracts. Materials and Methods. The protective effects of chia seed extract against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) rheumatoid arthritis in rats were investigated with 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm/kg BW rat/day chia seeds aqueous extract for 4 weeks. Results. The results obtained revealed that chia seed extract contained high proportions of protein and total dietary fiber values of 21.35% and 27.24%, respectively. Moreover, the results reported that the mineral contents were the greatest in phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium (450.09, 410.46, 245.22, 218.69, and 120.34 mg/100 g, respectively). Meanwhile, iron, zinc, and copper were the lowest in chia seeds (9.26, 4.67, and 3.66 mg/100 g, respectively). Besides, vitamins C and E reported 1.65 and 0.82 mg/100 g, respectively. Chia seed extracts were effective in vitro for the bioactive components such as phenolics, flavonoids, and anti-oxidant activities. The biomarkers of complete blood picture, lipid profile, anti-oxidant enzymes, TNF-α, and IL-10 had been improved. Histopathological examination of the rat knee confirmed health amelioration, revealing that chia seed extract consumption can lower pathological changes in injured rheumatoid arthritis rats. Conclusion. It could be seen that the chia seed extracts alleviated the harmful effect of rheumatoid arthritis CFA-induced rats.
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Tabaei BS, Mousavi SN, Rahimian A, Rostamkhani H, Mellati AA, Jameshorani M. Co-Administration of Vitamin E and Atorvastatin Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Expression in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:114-122. [PMID: 35291435 PMCID: PMC8919307 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2021.89102.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Negative effects of statins on glucose metabolism have been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of co-administration of vitamin E and atorvastatin on glycemic control in hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted at Vali-e-Asr Teaching Hospital (Zanjan, Iran) from July 2017 to March 2018. A total of 30 T2DM female patients were allocated to two groups, namely atorvastatin with placebo (n=15) and atorvastatin with vitamin E (n=15). The patients received daily 20 mg atorvastatin and 400 IU vitamin E or placebo for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical measures were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) expression was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Independent sample t test and paired t test were used to analyze between- and within-group variables, respectively. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to adjust the effect of baseline variables on the outcomes. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results After baseline adjustment, there was a significant improvement in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P=0.04) and serum insulin (P<0.001) in the atorvastatin with vitamin E group compared to the atorvastatin with the placebo group. In addition, co-administration of vitamin E with atorvastatin significantly upregulated PPAR-γ expression (OR=5.4, P=0.04) in the PBMCs of T2DM patients. Conclusion Co-administration of vitamin E and atorvastatin reduced insulin resistance and improved PPAR-γ mRNA expression. Further studies are required to substantiate our findings. Trial registration number IRCT 20170918036256N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Sadat Tabaei
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Mousavi
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Rahimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Rostamkhani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Awsat Mellati
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran,
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Jameshorani
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Shen H, Gao Q, Liu T, Wang H, Zhang R, Zhou J, Ding S, Ye Y, Sun Z. Self-assembled tocopherol-albumin nanoparticles with full biocompatibility for chemo-photothermal therapy against breast cancer. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:49-63. [PMID: 34967289 DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666211229120611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy has proven to be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Various nanomaterials have shown great potential in combination therapy, including gold, graphene oxide, iron oxide, and other nanoparticles. However, their undefinable toxicity in vivo greatly slowed down their development for clinical applications. OBJECTIVE The present work aimed to develop a multifunctional nanoparticle for chemo-photothermal therapy composed of acknowledged biocompatible materials. METHODS A novel biocompatible nanoparticle (HIT-NPs) was self-assembled through the intrinsic interaction between D-α-tocopherol Succinate (TOS), human serum albumin (HSA) and indocyanine green (ICG). Doxorubicin (DOX) was then loaded due to the ion pairing between DOX and TOS. The feasibility of combined chemo-photothermal therapy induced by DOX-loaded HIT-NPs was carefully evaluated. RESULTS In vitro, HIT-NPs showed no cytotoxicity on human normal liver cells (HL-7702 cells) but obvious killing effects murine breast cancer cells (4T1 cells). The combined chemo-photothermal therapeutic effect on 4T1 cells was successfully obtained. DOX-loaded HIT-NPs could effectively accumulate in 4T1 subcutaneous tumors after intravenous injection, and the tumor temperature rapidly increased under laser exposure, indicating the feasibility of PTT in vivo. CONCLUSION The self-assembled HIT-NPs could provide a promising platform for combined chemo-photothermal cancer therapy with full biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Shen
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Sihui Ding
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Miktoarm Amphiphile for Triggered Intracellular Release of Anti-Cancer Therapeutics. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244418. [PMID: 34960969 PMCID: PMC8705129 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarriers have received considerable research attention as putative cancer treatments because their tumor cell targets have high ROS levels. Here, we synthesized a miktoarm amphiphile of dithioketal-linked ditocopheryl polyethylene glycol (DTTP) by introducing ROS-cleavable thioketal groups as linkers between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. We used the product as a carrier for the controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX). DTTP has a critical micelle concentration (CMC) as low as 1.55 μg/mL (4.18 × 10−4 mM), encapsulation efficiency as high as 43.6 ± 0.23% and 14.6 nm particle size. The DTTP micelles were very responsive to ROS and released their DOX loads in a controlled manner. The tocopheryl derivates linked to DTTP generated ROS and added to the intracellular ROS in MCF-7 cancer cells but not in HEK-293 normal cells. In vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that DOX-encapsulated DTTP micelles displayed strong antitumor activity but only slightly increased apoptosis in normal cells. This ROS-triggered, self-accelerating drug release device has high therapeutic efficacy and could be a practical new strategy for the clinical application of ROS-responsive drug delivery systems.
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18
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Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in Energy Homeostasis of Dairy Animals: Exploiting Their Modulation through Nutrigenomic Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212463. [PMID: 34830341 PMCID: PMC8619600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the nuclear receptors that could mediate the nutrient-dependent transcriptional activation and regulate metabolic networks through energy homeostasis. However, these receptors cannot work properly under metabolic stress. PPARs and their subtypes can be modulated by nutrigenomic interventions, particularly under stress conditions to restore cellular homeostasis. Many nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, dietary amino acids and phytochemicals have shown their ability for potential activation or inhibition of PPARs. Thus, through different mechanisms, all these nutrients can modulate PPARs and are ultimately helpful to prevent various metabolic disorders, particularly in transition dairy cows. This review aims to provide insights into the crucial role of PPARs in energy metabolism and their potential modulation through nutrigenomic interventions to improve energy homeostasis in dairy animals.
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Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most widely diagnosed cancer in the United States, is rising in incidence despite public health and educational campaigns that highlight the importance of sun avoidance. It is,therefore, important to establish other modifiable risk factors that may be contributing to this increase. There is a growing body of evidence in the literature suggesting certain nutrients may have protective or harmful effects on NMSC. We review the current literature on nutrition and its effect on NMSC with a focus on dietary fat, vitamin A, nicotinamide, folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, polyphenols, and selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Stoj
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Neda Shahriari
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kimberly Shao
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
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20
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Li X, Li Y, Yu Q, Qian P, Huang H, Lin Y. Metabolic reprogramming of myeloid-derived suppressor cells: An innovative approach confronting challenges. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:257-270. [PMID: 34075637 PMCID: PMC8361984 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0421-597rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells such as T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and other immunoregulatory cells undergo metabolic reprogramming in cancer and inflammation-derived microenvironment to meet specific physiologic and functional demands. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that are characterized by immunosuppressive activity, which plays a key role in host immune homeostasis. In this review, we have discussed the core metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism in the MDSCs under various pathologic situations. Metabolic reprogramming is a determinant of the phenotype and functions of MDSCs, and is therefore a novel therapeutic possibility in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yixue Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qinru Yu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhouZhejiangChina
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A Fast and Efficient Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Tocopherols in Cow Milk Followed by HPLC Determination. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154645. [PMID: 34361798 PMCID: PMC8348633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast HPLC method with fluorescence detector (FD) was developed for the determination of three tocopherols (TOCs) in milk samples from Modicana cattle breed. The ultrasound-assisted procedure was optimized for the extraction of TOCs prior to HPLC/FD analysis, reducing sample preparation time and allowing a fast quantification of α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and γ tocopherol. The optimized ultrasonic extraction combines an efficient and simple saponification at room temperature and a rapid HPLC quantification of TOCs in milk. The precision of the full analytical procedure was satisfactory and the recoveries at three spiked levels were between 95.3% and 87.8%. The linear correlations were evaluated (R2 > 0.99) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values for intra-day and inter-day tests at three spiked levels were below 1% for the retention time and below 5.20% for the area at low level spiking. The proposed procedure, reducing the experimental complexity, allowed accurate extraction and detection of three TOCs in milk samples from Modicana cattle breed.
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Subramaiam H, Chu WL, Radhakrishnan AK, Chakravarthi S, Selvaduray KR, Kok YY. Evaluating Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis and Gamma-Tocotrienol Supplementation in a Syngeneic Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:2320. [PMID: 34371830 PMCID: PMC8308567 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition can modulate host immune responses as well as promote anticancer effects. In this study, two nutritional supplements, namely gamma-tocotrienol (γT3) and Spirulina, were evaluated for their immune-enhancing and anticancer effects in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer (BC). Five-week-old female BALB/c mice were fed Spirulina, γT3, or a combination of Spirulina and γT3 (Spirulina + γT3) for 56 days. The mice were inoculated with 4T1 cells into their mammary fat pad on day 28 to induce BC. The animals were culled on day 56 for various analyses. A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in tumor volume was only observed on day 37 and 49 in animals fed with the combination of γT3 + Spirulina. There was a marked increase (p < 0.05) of CD4/CD127+ T-cells and decrease (p < 0.05) of T-regulatory cells in peripheral blood from mice fed with either γT3 or Spirulina. The breast tissue of the combined group showed abundant areas of necrosis, but did not prevent metastasis to the liver. Although there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) of MIG-6 and Cadherin 13 expression in tumors from γT3-fed animals, there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences in the expression of MIG-6, Cadherin 13, BIRC5, and Serpine1 upon combined feeding. This showed that combined γT3 + Spirulina treatment did not show any synergistic anticancer effects in this study model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathy Subramaiam
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Loy Chu
- School of Postgraduate Studies, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra 42610, Malaysia
| | - Kanga Rani Selvaduray
- Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi 43000, Malaysia
| | - Yih-Yih Kok
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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23
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Gamna F, Spriano S. Vitamin E: A Review of Its Application and Methods of Detection When Combined with Implant Biomaterials. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133691. [PMID: 34279260 PMCID: PMC8269872 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a common compound used for tocopherols and tocotrienols (α, β, γ, δ); it is the component of many natural products of both plant and animal origin. Thanks to its powerful antioxidant capacity, vitamin E has been very successful in hip and knee arthroplasty, used to confer resistance to oxidation to irradiated UHMWPE. The positive results of these studies have made vitamin E an important object of research in the biomedical field, highlighting other important properties, such as anti-bacterial, -inflammatory, and -cancer activities. In fact, there is an extensive literature dealing with vitamin E in different kinds of material processing, drug delivery, and development of surface coatings. Vitamin E is widely discussed in the literature, and it is possible to find many reviews that discuss the biological role of vitamin E and its applications in food packaging and cosmetics. However, to date, there is not a review that discusses the biomedical applications of vitamin E and that points to the methods used to detect it within a solid. This review specifically aims to compile research about new biomedical applications of vitamin E carried out in the last 20 years, with the intention of providing an overview of the methodologies used to combine it with implantable biomaterials, as well as to detect and characterize it within these materials.
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Gonzalez-Diaz A, Pataquiva-Mateus A, García-Núñez JA. Recovery of palm phytonutrients as a potential market for the by-products generated by palm oil mills and refineries‒A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Yiang G, Chen T, Chen C, Hung Y, Hsueh K, Wu T, Pan Y, Chien Y, Chen C, Yu Y, Wei C. Antioxidant vitamins promote anticancer effects on low-concentration methotrexate-treated glioblastoma cells via enhancing the caspase-3 death pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3308-3316. [PMID: 34136195 PMCID: PMC8194871 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C and vitamin E are well-known antioxidant vitamins, both of which are also applied as adjunct treatments for cancer therapy. Methotrexate (MTX) is a clinical drug that is used widely for rheumatoid arthritis and cancer treatment. Human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive malignant brain tumor; the mean survival time for GBM patients is <2 years with traditional therapies. Developing and investigating novel treatments are important for clinical GBM therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether combined treatment with vitamin C/E and MTX can display anticancer activities on GBM. Our studies showed that MTX displays anticancer effects on GBM in a dose-dependent manner, while vitamins C and E are not cytotoxic to glioblastoma. Importantly, this study showed that vitamins C and E can promote anticancer effects on low-concentration methotrexate-treated glioblastoma. Additionally, this study suggested that MTX alone or combined with vitamins C/E inhibits GBM cell growth via the caspase-3 death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giou‐Teng Yiang
- Department of Emergency MedicineTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew TaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Emergency MedicineSchool of MedicineTzu Chi UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Tsu‐Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency MedicineTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew TaipeiTaiwan
| | - Cian Chen
- Department of Emergency MedicineTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew TaipeiTaiwan
- Master Program of Biomedical NutritionDepartment of NutritionHung kuang UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Ting Hung
- Master Program of Biomedical NutritionDepartment of NutritionHung kuang UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Kuan‐Chun Hsueh
- Department of SurgeryTungs' Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Tsai‐Kun Wu
- Division of Renal MedicineTungs' Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Ying‐Ru Pan
- Division of Renal MedicineTungs' Taichung MetroHarbor HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Chung Chien
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Drug Development CenterResearch Center for Cancer BiologyChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Molecular MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chao‐Hsuan Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yung‑Lung Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical SciencesChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Drug Development CenterResearch Center for Cancer BiologyChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Center for Molecular MedicineChina Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Translational MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Institute of New Drug DevelopmentChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chyou‐Wei Wei
- Master Program of Biomedical NutritionDepartment of NutritionHung kuang UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Kim Y, Shin S, Hong N, Rhee Y. Low Serum Vitamin E Level Associated with Low Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII) 2016-2018. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051598. [PMID: 34064628 PMCID: PMC8150409 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the association between serum vitamin E levels and hand grip strength (HGS) in community-dwelling adults data of 1011 men aged 50 years and older and 1144 postmenopausal women were analyzed. Low HGS was defined as HGS below the sex-stratified median value. Proportion of low HGS was the greatest in the lowest quintile of serum vitamin E level (<10.51 mg/L, 57.1%), with a decreasing trend toward the highest vitamin E quintile (>17.81 mg/L, 43.6%; p < 0.001). A one-unit (mg/L) decrease in vitamin E levels was associated with lower HGS in men (adjusted beta coefficient −0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.18 to −0.02, p = 0.019), but not in women (−0.01, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.03, p = 0.550). Compared with the middle quintile (Q3; 12.59–14.69 mg/L), the lowest vitamin E quintile (Q1) was associated with elevated odds of low HGS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.38, p = 0.045), independent of sociodemographic factors, health-related lifestyles, comorbidities, dietary intake, and cholesterol level. However, the odds of low HGS did not differ significantly in other vitamin E quintiles (Q2, aOR 1.12; Q4, aOR 1.38; Q5, aOR 1.12; p > 0.05). Individuals with the lowest quintile vitamin E level had elevated odds of low HGS independent of covariates, findings which merit further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjae Kim
- Division of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Sungjae Shin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
| | - Namki Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-0883
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (S.S.); (Y.R.)
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Abstract
Microalgae have become an attractive natural source of a diverse range of biomolecules, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants; nevertheless, economically sustainable production of such compounds from microalgae biomass is still challenging. The main hurdles are: (a) increasing microalgae yield; (b) achieving optimal cultivation conditions; (c) energy-efficient and cost-effective downstream processing (extraction and purification); (d) optimal storage of post-processed antioxidant molecules. This review provides a detailed overview of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the cellular metabolism of the commercially important microalgae Dunaliella, industrial applications of antioxidant enzymes, strategies to enhanced antioxidant accumulation in cells, and the opportunities and limitations of current technologies for antioxidant enzymes production from microalgae biomass as an alternative to common microbial sources.
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Chai H, Wu J, Liu J, Liu T, Ren Q, Zheng X. δ-Tocopherol Enhances Docetaxel-Induced Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer SKOV3 Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211002298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for ovarian cancer. However, its clinical use is limited owing to its serious side effects. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to enhance the efficacy of docetaxel at lower doses in a less-toxic manner. In this study, we investigated whether δ-tocopherol could enhance the anti-tumor effects of docetaxel on ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in vitro. For docetaxel and δ-tocopherol, IC50 values of 1.89 nM and 11.41 µM, respectively, were obtained, in SKOV3 cells. The combination of δ-tocopherol and docetaxel had a synergistic cell growth inhibition effect, with lower cell viability and more cell arrest at the S phase compared to either δ-tocopherol or docetaxel alone. In addition, the combination of δ-tocopherol and docetaxel had a synergistic cell apoptosis induction effect, with more apoptotic cells and reduced anti-apoptotic protein expression compared to either δ-tocopherol or docetaxel alone. Furthermore, we identified 3 hoursub genes (CAT, EP300, CREBBP), which predicted the prognosis of ovarian cancer, which correlated with δ-tocopherol and docetaxel. In conclusion, the combination of δ-tocopherol and docetaxel presented synergistic cell growth inhibition and cell apoptosis induction effects in SKOV3 cells at a low dose, which suggesting that δ-tocopherol could improve the serious side effects of docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Chai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jugang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlei Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Qing Ren
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hainan West Central Hospital (Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Hainan Branch), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Hainan, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- The Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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29
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Hawner M, Ducho C. Cellular Targeting of Oligonucleotides by Conjugation with Small Molecules. Molecules 2020; 25:E5963. [PMID: 33339365 PMCID: PMC7766908 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug candidates derived from oligonucleotides (ON) are receiving increased attention that is supported by the clinical approval of several ON drugs. Such therapeutic ON are designed to alter the expression levels of specific disease-related proteins, e.g., by displaying antigene, antisense, and RNA interference mechanisms. However, the high polarity of the polyanionic ON and their relatively rapid nuclease-mediated cleavage represent two major pharmacokinetic hurdles for their application in vivo. This has led to a range of non-natural modifications of ON structures that are routinely applied in the design of therapeutic ON. The polyanionic architecture of ON often hampers their penetration of target cells or tissues, and ON usually show no inherent specificity for certain cell types. These limitations can be overcome by conjugation of ON with molecular entities mediating cellular 'targeting', i.e., enhanced accumulation at and/or penetration of a specific cell type. In this context, the use of small molecules as targeting units appears particularly attractive and promising. This review provides an overview of advances in the emerging field of cellular targeting of ON via their conjugation with small-molecule targeting structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66 123 Saarbrücken, Germany;
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30
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Kamra M, Maiti B, Saha P, Karande AA, Bhattacharya S. Antibody-Conjugated Vitamin E-Derived Liposomes for Targeted Gene Transfer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8375-8385. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohini Kamra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bappa Maiti
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pranay Saha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Anjali A. Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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Abstract
Barley rootlets are the most abundant by-product from the malting industry. Due to the inherent association of the malting industry with brewing and distilling industries, it is also considered a by-product of these industries. Barley rootlets are produced during the germination step of malting. These rootlets are a valuable source of nutrition, with protein and fibre holding a large proportion of their composition. Barley rootlets are generally pelletised and used as animal fodder; however, their usage may not be limited to this. Efforts have been made to utilise barley rootlets as food ingredients, sources of enzymes, antioxidants, raw materials in fermentations, and in biochar production. Conversion of this by-product into other/new applications would reduce waste production from their industry origin and reduce some of the impending environmental concerns associated with by-product production. The current review focuses on providing information on the formation, production, and processing of barley rootlets, while also highlighting the composition, quality, and potential applications of barley rootlets.
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32
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Wen Y, Xu L, Xue C, Jiang X, Wei Z. Assessing the Impact of Oil Types and Grades on Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Contents in Vegetable Oils with Chemometric Methods. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215076. [PMID: 33139648 PMCID: PMC7662938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of vegetable oil is an important way for the body to obtain tocols. However, the impact of oil types and grades on the tocopherol and tocotrienol contents in vegetable oils is unclear. In this study, nine types of traditional edible oils and ten types of self-produced new types of vegetable oil were used to analyze eight kinds of tocols. The results showed that the oil types exerted a great impact on the tocol content of traditional edible oils. Soybean oils, corn oils, and rapeseed oils all could be well distinguished from sunflower oils. Both sunflower oils and cotton seed oils showed major differences from camellia oils as well as sesame oils. Among them, rice bran oils contained the most abundant types of tocols. New types of oil, especially sacha inchi oil, have provided a new approach to obtaining oils with a high tocol content. Oil refinement leads to the loss of tocols in vegetable oil, and the degree of oil refinement determines the oil grade. However, the oil grade could not imply the final tocol content in oil from market. This study could be beneficial for the oil industry and dietary nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoming Jiang
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-532-82032597 (Z.W.)
| | - Zihao Wei
- Correspondence: (X.J.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-532-82032597 (Z.W.)
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Sun H, Yang J, Lin X, Li C, He Y, Cai Z, Zhang G, Song H. De Novo High-Titer Production of Delta-Tocotrienol in Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7710-7717. [PMID: 32580548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Delta-tocotrienol as a vitamin E isomer has received much attention because of its diverse biomedical applications. Microbial biosynthesis of delta-tocotrienol is a promising strategy for its economic and environmental advantages. Here, we accomplished complete biosynthesis of delta-tocotrienol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae from glucose. We first constructed and incorporated a heterologous pathway into the genome of S. cerevisiae by incorporating the genes hpd (from Pseudomonas putida KT2440), hpt (from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803), and vte1 (from Arabidopsis thaliana) for the biosynthesis of delta-tocotrienol. We further enhanced the biosynthesis of the precursor geranylgeranyl diphosphate by overexpressing the thmg1 and ggppssa (from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius) genes, leading to a production titer of delta-tocotrienol of 1.39 ± 0.01 mg/L. Finally, we optimized the fermentation medium using the response surface methodology, enabling a high-titer production of delta-tocotrienol (3.56 ± 0.25 mg/L), ∼2.6-fold of that of the initial culture medium. Fed-batch fermentation in a 2 L fermenter was further used to enhance the production titer of delta-tocotrienol (4.10 ± 0.10 mg/L). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the de novo biosynthesis of delta-tocotrienol in S. cerevisiae, and the highest titer obtained for microbial production of delta-tocotrienol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sun
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jingli Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xue Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Congfa Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yongjin He
- Chifeng Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Chifeng Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P. R. China
| | - Guoyin Zhang
- Chifeng Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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34
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Deng LJ, Qi M, Li N, Lei YH, Zhang DM, Chen JX. Natural products and their derivatives: Promising modulators of tumor immunotherapy. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:493-508. [PMID: 32678943 PMCID: PMC7496826 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0320-444r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A wealth of evidence supports the role of tumor immunotherapy as a vital therapeutic option in cancer. In recent decades, accumulated studies have revealed the anticancer activities of natural products and their derivatives. Increasing interest has been driven toward finding novel potential modulators of tumor immunotherapy from natural products, a hot research topic worldwide. These works of research mainly focused on natural products, including polyphenols (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol), cardiotonic steroids (e.g., bufalin and digoxin), terpenoids (e.g., paclitaxel and artemisinins), and polysaccharide extracts (e.g., lentinan). Compelling data highlight that natural products have a promising future in tumor immunotherapy. Considering the importance and significance of this topic, we initially discussed the integrated research progress of natural products and their derivatives, including target T cells, macrophages, B cells, NKs, regulatory T cells, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, immunogenic cell death, and immune checkpoints. Furthermore, these natural compounds inactivate several key pathways, including NF‐κB, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways. Here, we performed a deep generalization, analysis, and summarization of the previous achievements, recent progress, and the bottlenecks in the development of natural products as tumor immunotherapy. We expect this review to provide some insight for guiding future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Deng
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-He Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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35
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Seo MH, Myoung H, Lee JH, Yang HC, Woo KM, Lee SK, Kim SM. Effects of pentoxifylline and tocopherol on an osteoradionecrosis animal model. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2020; 48:621-631. [PMID: 32527622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is known to be a refractory disease in the oral and maxillofacial field. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol (TP) on an ORN animal model focused on bone healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were used: 40 received a single irradiation dose of 35 Gy on the left mandible, and eight were used as the nonirradiated control group. The rats received PTX (T1, C1), TP (T2, C2), a combination of PTX and TP (T3, C3), or normal saline (T4, C4). Three weeks after irradiation, the mandibular posterior teeth were extracted. The rats were sacrificed 4 weeks after extraction. RESULTS In the T3 group, bone volume/tissue volume was 19.62 ± 16.03 (%), bone mineral density was as 0.31 ± 0.16 (g/cm3) in the micro-CT analysis, which were higher than that of other groups (p = 0.025, p = 0.012, respectively). In the histological analysis, bone regeneration was the most prominent in the T3 group. The ratio of empty lacunae was the highest in the T4 group, 68.77 ± 15.47 (%, p = 0.004). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of TNF-α was relatively lower in the T3 than in the T4 or T2 groups. The RT-qPCR showed the expression level of PECAM, VEGF-A, and osteocalcin was more than twofold as high as in the T3 group compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION The combination of PTX and TP appears to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a rat ORN model. Therefore, PTX and TP might be useful in the treatment and prevention of ORN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyun Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hoon Myoung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyeong Cheol Yang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Mi Woo
- Dental Pharmacology & Dental Therapeutics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Suk Keun Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea.
| | - Soung Min Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Zheng L, Jin J, Shi L, Huang J, Chang M, Wang X, Zhang H, Jin Q. Gamma tocopherol, its dimmers, and quinones: Past and future trends. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 60:3916-3930. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1711704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyou Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Longkai Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ming Chang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Wan F, Bohr SSR, Kłodzińska SN, Jumaa H, Huang Z, Nylander T, Thygesen MB, Sørensen KK, Jensen KJ, Sternberg C, Hatzakis N, Mørck Nielsen H. Ultrasmall TPGS-PLGA Hybrid Nanoparticles for Site-Specific Delivery of Antibiotics into Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms in Lungs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:380-389. [PMID: 31804792 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled antibiotic treatment of cystic fibrosis-related bacterial biofilm infections is challenging because of the pathological environment of the lungs. Here, we present an "environment-adaptive" nanoparticle composed of a solid poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) core and a mucus-inert, enzymatically cleavable shell of d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) for the site-specific delivery of antibiotics to bacterial biofilms via aerosol administration. The hybrid nanoparticles with ultrasmall size were self-assembled via a nanoprecipitation process by using a facile microfluidic method. The interactions of the nanoparticles with the biological barriers were comprehensively investigated by using cutting-edge techniques (e.g., quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy-based particle tracking, in vitro biofilm model cultured in a flow-chamber system, and quantitative imaging analysis). Our results suggest that the mucus-inert, enzymatically cleavable TPGS shell enables the nanoparticles to penetrate through the mucus, accumulate in the deeper layer of the biofilms, and serve as sustained release depot, thereby improving the killing efficacy of azithromycin (a macrolide antibiotic) against biofilm-forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, the ultrasmall TPGS-PLGA hybrid nanoparticles represent an efficient delivery system to overcome the multiple barriers and release antibiotics in a sustained manner in the vicinity of the biofilm-forming bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Søren S-R Bohr
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Tommy Nylander
- Department of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Mikkel Boas Thygesen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kasper Kildegaard Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Knud Jørgen Jensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Claus Sternberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine , Technical University of Denmark , Building 221, Søltofts Plads , DK-2800 Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Nikos Hatzakis
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , DK-1871 Frederiksberg C , Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B , 2200 Copenhagen , Denmark
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Figueroa Gonzalez D, Young F. Gamma Tocopherol Reduced Chemotherapeutic-Induced ROS in an Ovarian Granulosa Cell Line, But Not in Breast Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010051. [PMID: 31936058 PMCID: PMC7023168 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide are used to treat breast cancer, but they also cause infertility through off-target cytotoxicity towards proliferating granulosa cells that surround eggs. Each chemotherapeutic generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) but the effects of the combination, or the antioxidants alpha (αToc) and gamma tocopherol (γToc) on ROS in breast cancer or ovarian cells are unknown. Human breast cancer (MCF7, T47D) and ovarian cancer (OVCAR, COV434) cells were loaded with DCDFA and exposed (1, 2, 3, 24 h) to the MCF7-derived EC25 values of individual agents, or to combinations of these. ROS were quantified and viable cells enumerated using crystal violet or DAPI. Each chemotherapeutic killed ~25% of MCF7, T47D and OVCAR cells, but 57 ± 2% (doxorubicin) and 66 ± 2% (cyclophosphamide) of the COV434 granulosa cells. The combined chemotherapeutics decreased COV434 cell viability to 34 ± 5% of control whereas doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide + γToc reduced ROS within 3 h (p < 0.01) and reduced cytotoxicity to 54 ± 4% (p < 0.05). αToc was not cytotoxic, whereas γToc killed ~25% of the breast cancer but none of the ovarian cells. Adding γToc to the combined chemotherapeutics did not change ROS or cytotoxicity in MCF7, T47D or OVCAR cells. The protection γToc afforded COV434 granulosa cells against chemotherapy-induced ROS and cytotoxicity suggests potential for fertility preservation.
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Hama S, Okamura Y, Kamei K, Nagao S, Hayashi M, Shizuka M, Fukuzawa K, Kogure K. α-Tocopheryl succinate stabilizes the structure of tumor vessels by inhibiting angiopoietin-2 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:947-951. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhu C, Luo L, jiang X, Jiang M, Luo Z, Li X, Qiu W, Jin Z, Shen T, Li C, Li Q, Qiu Y, You J. Selective Intratumoral Drug Release and Simultaneous Inhibition of Oxidative Stress by a Highly Reductive Nanosystem and Its Application as an Anti-tumor Agent. Theranostics 2020; 10:1166-1180. [PMID: 31938058 PMCID: PMC6956823 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress is always associated with the serious side effects of chemotherapy. In the current study, we developed a vitamin E based strongly reductive nanosystem to increase the loading efficiency of docetaxel (DTX, DTX-VNS), reduce its side toxicity and enhance the antitumor effect. Methods: We used Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to reveal the in vivo and in vitro fate of DTX-VNS over time. All FRET images were observed using the Maestro imaging system (CRI, Inc., Woburn, MA) and Fluo-View software (Olympus LX83-FV3000). Results: Through FRET analyzing, we found that our nanosystem showed a selective rapider release of drugs in tumors compared to normal organs due to the higher levels of ROS in tumor cells than normal cells, and the accumulation of DTX at tumor sites in the DTX-VNS group was also notably more than that in the Taxotere group after 24 h injection. Meanwhile, DTX-VNS had a prominently stronger anti-tumor effect in various models than Taxotere, and had a synergistic effect of immunotherapy. Conclusions: Our work presented a useful reference for clinical exploration of the in vivo behavior of nanocarriers (DTX-VNS), inhibition oxidative stress and selective release of drugs at tumor sites, thus reducing the side effects and enhancing the anti-tumor effects.
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Boratto FA, Franco MS, Barros ALB, Cassali GD, Malachias A, Ferreira LAM, Leite EA. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate improves encapsulation, pH-sensitivity, antitumor activity and reduces toxicity of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 144:105205. [PMID: 31874285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) plays an important role in cancer treatment; however, high cardiotoxicity and low penetration in solid tumors are the main limitations of its use. Liposomal formulations have been developed to attenuate the DOX toxicity, but the technological enhancement of the liposomal formulation as well as the addition of another agent with antitumor properties, like alpha-tocopheryl succinate (TS), a semi-synthetic analog of vitamin E, could certainly bring benefits. Thus, in this study, it was proposed the development of liposomes composed of DOX and TS (pHSL-TS-DOX). A new DOX encapsulation method, without using the classic ammonium sulfate gradient with high encapsulation percentage was developed. Analysis of Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and release study proved the pH-sensitivity of the developed formulation. It was observed stabilization of tumor growth using pHSL-TS-DOX when compared to free DOX. The toxicity tests showed the safety of this formulation since it allowed body weight initial recovery after the treatment and harmless to heart and liver, main target organs of DOX toxicity. The developed formulation also avoided the occurrence of myelosuppression, a typical adverse effect of DOX. Therefore, pHSL-TS-DOX is a promising alternative for the treatment of breast cancer since it has adequate antitumor activity and a safe toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Boratto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M S Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - A L B Barros
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G D Cassali
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A Malachias
- Department of Physics, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L A M Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - E A Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
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Rezaei SJT, Malekzadeh AM, Ramazani A, Niknejad H. pH-Sensitive Magnetite Nanoparticles Modified with Hyperbranched Polymers and Folic Acid for Targeted Imaging and Therapy. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:839-848. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666191002102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
A novel pH-sensitive superparamagnetic drug delivery system was developed
based on quercetin loaded hyperbranched polyamidoamine-b-polyethylene glycol-folic acid-modified
Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PAMAM-b-PEG-FA).
Methods:
The nanoparticles exhibit excellent water dispersity with well-defined size distribution
(around 51.8 nm) and strong magnetisability. In vitro release studies demonstrated that the quercetinloaded
Fe3O4@PAMAM-b-PEG-FA nanoparticles are stable at normal physiologic conditions (pH 7.4
and 37°C) but sensitive to acidic conditions (pH 5.6 and 37°C), which led to the rapid release of the
loaded drug.
Results:
Fluorescent microscopy results indicated that the Fe3O4@PAMAM-b-PEG-FA nanoparticles
could be efficiently accumulated in tumor tissue compared with non-folate conjugated nanoparticles.
Also, in comparison with free quercetin, the quercetin loaded Fe3O4@PAMAM-b-PEG-FA exerts
higher cytotoxicity. Furthermore, this magnetic nanocarrier showed high MRI sensitivity, even in its
lower iron content.
Conclusion:
The results indicated that the prepared nanoparticles are an effective chemotherapy and
diagnosis system to inhibit proliferation and monitor the progression of tumor cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jamal Tabatabaei Rezaei
- Laboratory of novel drug delivery systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Asemeh Mashhadi Malekzadeh
- Laboratory of novel drug delivery systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Laboratory of novel drug delivery systems, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Iron Transport Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate in Animal Health and Diseases. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234289. [PMID: 31775281 PMCID: PMC6930530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut health is the starting place for maintaining the overall health of an animal. Strategies to maintain gut health are, thus, an important part in achieving the goal of improving animal health. A new strategy to do this involves two molecules: the iron transport protein ovotransferrin (IT) and α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), which result in the novel formulation of ITPGS. These molecules help reduce gut pathogens, while enhancing the absorption and bioavailability of therapeutic drugs, phytomedicines, and nanomedicines. This, in turn, helps to maintain normal health in animals. Maintaining the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in its normal condition is key for successful absorption and efficacy of any nutrient. A compromised GIT, due to an imbalance (dysbiosis) in the GIT microbiome, can lead to an impaired GI barrier system with impaired absorption and overall health of the animal. The molecules in ITPGS may address the issue of poor absorption by keeping the GI system healthy by maintaining the normal microbiome and improving the absorption of nutrients through multiple mechanisms involving antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial activities. The ITPGS technology can allow the dose of active pharmaceutical or herbal medicine to be significantly reduced in order to attain equal or better efficacy. With complimentary actions between IT and TPGS, ITPGS presents a novel approach to increase the bioavailability of drugs, phytoconstituents, nutrients, and nanomedicines by enhanced transport to the tissues at the site of action, while reducing gut pathogen load. The ITPGS approach appears to be a novel strategy for maintaining the health of animals by manipulation of microbiota.
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Chemical Compositions and Anti-Proliferative Activity of the Aerial Parts and Rhizomes of Squirting Cucumber, Cucurbitaceae. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.82990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abubakar IB, Loh HS. Potentiation of in vitro apoptotic effects of δ-Tocotrienol and Jerantinine A on human lung adenocarcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The apoptotic effects of single-compound and combined sub-effective concentrations of δ-tocotrienol and jerantinine A on human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells were investigated. Methods: Assays including cell viability, histochemical and immunofluorescence staining techniques, flow cytometry and enzyme activity were used. Results: The combination of δ-tocotrienol with jerantinine A at sub-effective concentrations induced a synergistic effect and improved selective toxicity towards cancerous A549 cells over normal lung fibroblast (MRC5) cells compared to the single-compound jerantinine. Morphological features of apoptosis were evident on treated A549 cells. Combined sub-effective concentrations of δ-tocotrienol with jerantinine A induced a predominantly G2/M cell cycle arrest and characterised by a disruption of microtubular networks mediated via caspase 8, 9 and 3 enzymatic activities. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated improved potency in vitro and reduced dose-related toxicity of jerantinine A to normal cells through prospective combined treatment between low-concentration δ-tocotrienol and jerantinine A for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Babangida Abubakar
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, PMB 1144, Alero, Kebbi State, Nigeria
| | - Hwei-San Loh
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Biotechnology Research Centre, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Bermejo A, Collado A, Barrachina I, Marqués P, El Aouad N, Franck X, Garibotto F, Dacquet C, Caignard DH, Suvire FD, Enriz RD, Piqueras L, Figadère B, Sanz MJ, Cabedo N, Cortes D. Polycerasoidol, a Natural Prenylated Benzopyran with a Dual PPARα/PPARγ Agonist Activity and Anti-inflammatory Effect. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1802-1812. [PMID: 31268307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α/γ (PPARα/γ) agonists regulate both lipid and glucose homeostasis under different metabolic conditions and can exert anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated the potential dual PPARα/γ agonism of prenylated benzopyrans polycerasoidol (1) and polycerasoidin (2) and their derivatives for novel drug development. Nine semisynthetic derivatives were prepared from the natural polycerasoidol (1) and polycerasoidin (2), which were evaluated for PPARα, -γ, -δ and retinoid X receptor-α activity in transactivation assays. Polycerasoidol (1) exhibited potent dual PPARα/γ agonism and low cytotoxicity. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that a free phenol group at C-6 and a carboxylic acid at C-9' were key features for dual PPARα/γ agonism activity. Molecular modeling indicated the relevance of these groups for optimal ligand binding to the PPARα and PPARγ domains. In addition, polycerasoidol (1) exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting mononuclear leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional endothelium in a concentration-dependent manner via RXRα/PPARγ interactions. Therefore, polycerasoidol (1) can be considered a hit-to-lead molecule for the further development of novel dual PPARα/γ agonists capable of preventing cardiovascular events associated with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Bermejo
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Center of Citriculture and Vegetal Production , IVIA , Moncada, 46100 Valencia , Spain
| | - Aida Collado
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
| | - Isabel Barrachina
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
| | - Patrice Marqués
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | | | - Xavier Franck
- UMR CNRS 6014/FR 3038, COBRA, Université de Rouen , Mont-Saint-Aignan 76821 , France
| | - Francisco Garibotto
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Catherine Dacquet
- Départament des Sciences Expérimentales , Institut de Recherches Servier , Suresnes 92150 , France
| | - Daniel H Caignard
- Départament des Sciences Expérimentales , Institut de Recherches Servier , Suresnes 92150 , France
| | - Fernando D Suvire
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET , Chacabuco 915 , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Bruno Figadère
- UMR CNRS 8076, LERMIT , Université Paris-Sud, UFR de Pharmacie , Châtenay-Malabry 92290 , France
| | - María-Jesús Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA , University Clinic Hospital of Valencia , 46010 Valencia , Spain
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology , University of Valencia , 46113 Valencia Spain
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Ibrahim MA, Bakhaat GA, Tammam HG, Mohamed RM, El-Naggar SA. Cardioprotective effect of green tea extract and vitamin E on Cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice: Toxicological, histological and immunohistochemical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Mutalip SSM, Rajikin MH, Rahim SA, Khan NMN. Annatto ( Bixa orellana) δ-TCT supplementation protected against embryonic DNA damages through alterations in PI3K/ Akt-Cyclin D1 pathway. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:16-26. [PMID: 30907699 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Protective action by annatto-derived delta-tocotrienol (δ-TCT) and soy-derived alpha-tocopherol (α-TOC) through the regulation of PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 pathway against the nicotine-induced DNA damages is the focus of the present study. Nicotine, which has been widely reported to have numerous adverse effects on the reproductive system, was used as reproductive toxicant. 48 female balb/c mice (6-8 weeks) (23-25 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups (G1-G8; n = 6) and treated with either nicotine or/and annatto δ-TCT/soy α-TOC for 7 consecutive days. On Day 8, the females were superovulated and mated before euthanized for embryo collection (46 hours post-coitum). Fifty 2-cell embryos from each group were used in gene expression analysis using Affymetrix QuantiGene Plex2.0 assay. Findings indicated that nicotine (G2) significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos compared to control (G1). Intervention with mixed annatto δ-TCT (G3) and pure annatto δ-TCT (G4) significantly increased the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 127 % and 79 % respectively compared to G2, but these were lower than G1. Concurrent treatment with soy α-TOC (G5) decreased embryo production by 7 %. Supplementations with δ-TCT and α-TOC alone (G6-G8) significantly increased (p < 0.05) the number of produced 2-cell embryos by 50 %, 36 % and 41 % respectively, compared to control (G1). These results were found to be associated with the alterations in the PI3K/Akt-Cyclin D1 gene expressions, indicating the inhibitory effects of annatto δ-TCT and soy α-TOC against the nicotinic embryonic damages. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt on studying the benefits of annatto δ-TCT on murine preimplantation 2-cell embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Syairah Mohd Mutalip
- 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.,2 Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hamim Rajikin
- 2 Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia.,3 Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharaniza Ab Rahim
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norashikin Mohamed Noor Khan
- 2 Maternofetal and Embryo Research Group (MatE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia.,3 Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
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Delta-Tocotrienol Modulates Glutamine Dependence by Inhibiting ASCT2 and LAT1 Transporters in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells: A Metabolomic Approach. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9030050. [PMID: 30871192 PMCID: PMC6468853 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) primarily depends on glutamine. Both glutamine and essential amino acids (EAAs) have been reported to upregulate mTOR in NSCLC, which is a bioenergetics sensor involved in the regulation of cell growth, cell survival, and protein synthesis. Seen as novel concepts in cancer development, ASCT2 and LAT transporters allow glutamine and EAAs to enter proliferating tumors as well as send a regulatory signal to mTOR. Blocking or downregulating these glutamine transporters in order to inhibit glutamine uptake would be an excellent therapeutic target for treatment of NSCLC. This study aimed to validate the metabolic dysregulation of glutamine and its derivatives in NSCLC using cellular 1H-NMR metabolomic approach while exploring the mechanism of delta-tocotrienol (δT) on glutamine transporters, and mTOR pathway. Cellular metabolomics analysis showed significant inhibition in the uptake of glutamine, its derivatives glutamate and glutathione, and some EAAs in both cell lines with δT treatment. Inhibition of glutamine transporters (ASCT2 and LAT1) and mTOR pathway proteins (P-mTOR and p-4EBP1) was evident in Western blot analysis in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that δT inhibits glutamine transporters, thus inhibiting glutamine uptake into proliferating cells, which results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis via downregulation of the mTOR pathway.
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Njoroge RN, Vatapalli RJ, Abdulkadir SA. Organoids Increase the Predictive Value of in vitro Cancer Chemoprevention Studies for in vivo Outcome. Front Oncol 2019; 9:77. [PMID: 30842936 PMCID: PMC6391333 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and preclinical data suggest that antioxidants are protective against prostate cancer whose pathogenesis has been linked to oxidative stress. However, the selenium and vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), found no efficacy for selenium in reducing prostate cancer incidence while vitamin E was associated with an increased risk of the disease. These results have called in to question the models used in preclinical chemoprevention efficacy studies and their ability to predict in vivo outcomes. Chemoprevention agents have traditionally been tested on two dimensional monolayer cultures of cell lines derived from advanced prostate cancers. But as SELECT demonstrates, results from advanced disease models were not predictive of the outcome of a primary chemoprevention trial. Additionally, lack of cell-matrix interactions in two dimensional cultures results in loss of biochemical and mechanical cues relevant for native tissue architecture. We use recent findings in three dimensional organoid cultures that recapitulated the SELECT trial results to argue that the organoid model could increase the predictive value of in vitro studies for in vivo outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose N Njoroge
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rajita J Vatapalli
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarki A Abdulkadir
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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