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Shekhawat JK, Sharma J, Choudhury B, Purohit P, Sharma P, Banerjee M. TET3 downregulation and low 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are epigenetic signatures of head and neck carcinoma. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:877. [PMID: 39083093 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09714-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ten-eleven translocases (TETs) are enzymes responsible for demethylation processes, playing a crucial role in maintaining the body's methylation balance. Dysregulation of TET expression can lead to abnormal methylation levels. Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH) are upstream genes involved in Kreb cycle responsible for production of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG). α-KG and vitamin C are cofactors of TET3 enzyme. There is limited data on the relationship between TET3 and its cofactor Vitamin C in head and neck carcinoma (H&NC). METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we have investigated the expression of the TET3 gene along with IDH1/2 genes involved in the Krebs cycle in the peripheral blood of 32 H&NC patients compared to 32 healthy controls. We estimated serum levels of TET3 protein and vitamin C and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) percentage in DNA isolated from EDTA blood samples. Our findings revealed that TET3 and IDH1/2 were downregulated in H&NC patients compared to healthy controls. Serum levels of TET3 and Vitamin C were low in H&NC patients compared to healthy controls. Diminished levels of percentage 5-hmC were detected in EDTA blood samples of H&NC patients compared to controls. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between TET3 levels, vitamin C levels and 5-hmC percentage. CONCLUSION The low levels of Vitamin C are believed to contribute to decreased activity of the TET3 gene and less conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hmC. Dietary supplementation of Vitamin C may increase TET3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kanwar Shekhawat
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bikram Choudhury
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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2
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Sadafi S, Choubsaz P, Kazemeini SMM, Imani MM, Sadeghi M. Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma: a systematic review with five analyses. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:885. [PMID: 39039477 PMCID: PMC11264357 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12618-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) enzyme plays a key role in the neutralization of electrophilic compounds such as carcinogens. Herein, we aimed to evaluate GSTT1 deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma (HNC) according to 107 articles in a systematic review with five analyses. The databases of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from the beginning of each database until June 21, 2023, with no restrictions to identify pertinent articles. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the effect sizes, which were displayed as the odds ratio (OR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Both the publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed using the CMA 3.0 software. A trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted. Of the 1966 records retrieved from four databases, 107 articles were included in the analysis. The combined analysis revealed that the pooled OR was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.14 to 1.44; p-value < 0.0001). The pooled OR was highest in mixed ethnicity. Nasopharyngeal cancer had the highest OR (1.84), followed by oral cancer (OR = 1.20), and laryngeal cancer (OR = 1.17). Studies with less than 200 samples had a higher OR compared to those with 200 or more samples. The studies with a quality score of 7 or more had a higher OR compared to those with a score of less than 7. When both age and sex are considered, while the OR of 1.42 is significant, the high heterogeneity suggests caution in interpreting these results. There is no evidence of publication bias. TSA reported that the study does not have sufficient statistical power. This comprehensive meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the GSTT1 null genotype and an increased risk of HNC, with variations based on factors such as ethnicity, cancer type, sample size, control source, and quality score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Sadafi
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parsia Choubsaz
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Moslem Imani
- Department of Orthodontics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Sadeghi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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3
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Iranpanah A, Majnooni MB, Biganeh H, Amirian R, Rastegari-Pouyani M, Filosa R, Cheang WS, Fakhri S, Khan H. Exploiting new strategies in combating head and neck carcinoma: A comprehensive review on phytochemical approaches passing through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3736-3762. [PMID: 38776136 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently, malignant neoplasms have growingly caused human morbidity and mortality. Head and neck cancer (HNC) constitutes a substantial group of malignancies occurring in various anatomical regions of the head and neck, including lips, mouth, throat, larynx, nose, sinuses, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and salivary glands. The present study addresses the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway as a possible therapeutic target in cancer therapy. Finding new multitargeting agents capable of modulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR and cross-linked mediators could be viewed as an effective strategy in combating HNC. Recent studies have introduced phytochemicals as multitargeting agents and rich sources for finding and developing new therapeutic agents. Phytochemicals have exhibited immense anticancer effects, including targeting different stages of HNC through the modulation of several signaling pathways. Moreover, phenolic/polyphenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenes/terpenoids, and other secondary metabolites have demonstrated promising anticancer activities because of their diverse pharmacological and biological properties like antiproliferative, antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The current review is mainly focused on new therapeutic strategies for HNC passing through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway as new strategies in combating HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Biganeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rastegari-Pouyani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Wai San Cheang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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4
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Ortiz RC, Amôr NG, Saito LM, Santesso MR, Lopes NM, Buzo RF, Fonseca AC, Amaral-Silva GK, Moyses RA, Rodini CO. CSC highE-cadherin low immunohistochemistry panel predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10583. [PMID: 38719848 PMCID: PMC11078993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying marker combinations for robust prognostic validation in primary tumour compartments remains challenging. We aimed to assess the prognostic significance of CSC markers (ALDH1, CD44, p75NTR, BMI-1) and E-cadherin biomarkers in OSCC. We analysed 94 primary OSCC and 67 metastatic lymph node samples, including central and invasive tumour fronts (ITF), along with clinicopathological data. We observed an increase in ALDH1+/CD44+/BMI-1- tumour cells in metastatic lesions compared to primary tumours. Multivariate analysis highlighted that elevated p75NTR levels (at ITF) and reduced E-cadherin expression (at the tumour centre) independently predicted metastasis, whilst ALDH1high exhibited independent predictive lower survival at the ITF, surpassing the efficacy of traditional tumour staging. Then, specifically at the ITF, profiles characterized by CSChighE-cadherinlow (ALDH1highp75NTRhighE-cadherinlow) and CSCintermediateE-cadherinlow (ALDH1 or p75NTRhighE-cadherinlow) were significantly associated with worsened overall survival and increased likelihood of metastasis in OSCC patients. In summary, our study revealed diverse tumour cell profiles in OSCC tissues, with varying CSC and E-cadherin marker patterns across primary tumours and metastatic sites. Given the pivotal role of reduced survival rates as an indicator of unfavourable prognosis, the immunohistochemistry profile identified as CSChighE-cadherinlow at the ITF of primary tumours, emerges as a preferred prognostic marker closely linked to adverse outcomes in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Carneiro Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Av. Octavio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Jardim Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Nádia Ghinelli Amôr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Mieli Saito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rodrigues Santesso
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Nathália Martins Lopes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fonseca Buzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica Cristina Fonseca
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Ajub Moyses
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, LIM28, Clinical Hospital HCFMUSP, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Rodini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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5
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Wang Z, Liu C, Liu W, Lv X, Hu T, Yang F, Yang W, He L, Huang X. Long-read sequencing reveals the structural complexity of genomic integration of HPV DNA in cervical cancer cell lines. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:198. [PMID: 38378450 PMCID: PMC10877919 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) causes more than 311,000 deaths annually worldwide. The integration of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a crucial genetic event that contributes to cervical carcinogenesis. Despite HPV DNA integration is known to disrupt the genomic architecture of both the host and viral genomes in CC, the complexity of this process remains largely unexplored. RESULTS In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) at 55-65X coverage utilizing the PacBio long-read sequencing platform in SiHa and HeLa cells, followed by comprehensive analyses of the sequence data to elucidate the complexity of HPV integration. Firstly, our results demonstrated that PacBio long-read sequencing effectively identifies HPV integration breakpoints with comparable accuracy to targeted-capture Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Secondly, we constructed detailed models of complex integrated genome structures that included both the HPV genome and nearby regions of the human genome by utilizing PacBio long-read WGS. Thirdly, our sequencing results revealed the occurrence of a wide variety of genome-wide structural variations (SVs) in SiHa and HeLa cells. Additionally, our analysis further revealed a potential correlation between changes in gene expression levels and SVs on chromosome 13 in the genome of SiHa cells. CONCLUSIONS Using PacBio long-read sequencing, we have successfully constructed complex models illustrating HPV integrated genome structures in SiHa and HeLa cells. This accomplishment serves as a compelling demonstration of the valuable capabilities of long-read sequencing in detecting and characterizing HPV genomic integration structures within human cells. Furthermore, these findings offer critical insights into the complex process of HPV16 and HPV18 integration and their potential contribution to the development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Wuhan Kandwise Biotechnology, Inc. Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Wuhan Kandwise Biotechnology, Inc. Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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6
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Kim HAJ, Zeng PYF, Cecchini M, Shaikh MH, Laxague F, Deng X, Jarycki L, Ryan SEB, Dawson A, Liu MH, Palma DA, Patel K, Mundi N, Barrett JW, Mymryk JS, Boutros PC, Nichols AC. HPV-negative head and neck cancers with adverse pathological features carry specific molecular changes that are associated with survival. Head Neck 2024; 46:353-366. [PMID: 38059331 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse pathological features following surgery in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are strongly associated with survival and guide adjuvant therapy. We investigated molecular changes associated with these features. METHODS We downloaded data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Cancer Proteome Atlas HNSCC cohorts. We compared tumors positive versus negative for perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), extracapsular spread (ECS), and positive margins (PSM), with multivariable analysis. RESULTS All pathological features were associated with poor survival, as were the following molecular changes: low cyclin E1 (HR = 1.7) and high PKC-alpha (HR = 1.8) in tumors with PNI; six of 13 protein abundance changes with LVI; greater tumor hypoxia and high Raptor (HR = 2.0) and Rictor (HR = 1.6) with ECS; and low p38 (HR = 2.3), high fibronectin (HR = 1.6), low annexin A1 (HR = 3.1), and high caspase-9 (HR = 1.6) abundances with PSM. CONCLUSIONS Pathological features in HNSCC carry specific molecular changes that may explain their poor prognostic associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Andrew Jinwook Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Y F Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Cecchini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mushfiq Hassan Shaikh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francisco Laxague
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoxiao Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Jarycki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Elizabeth Belle Ryan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alice Dawson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mu Han Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Palma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krupal Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Neil Mundi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, USA
| | - John W Barrett
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joe S Mymryk
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anthony C Nichols
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Singh P, Rajput M, Pandey M. Tumor hypoxia and role of hypoxia-inducible factor in oral cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:18. [PMID: 38200568 PMCID: PMC10782715 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck cancer (HNC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in Asian males with a poor prognosis. Apart from well-known prognostic indicators, markers of tumor hypoxia can help us predict response to treatment and survival. METHODS A review of the literature on the present evidence and potential clinical importance of tumor hypoxia in head and neck cancer was carried out. The data obtained from the literature search is presented as a narrative review. RESULTS The literature shows possible associations between prognosis and low tumor oxygenation. Intermediate hypoxia biomarkers like HIF-1, GLUT-1, miRNA, and lactate, can help in predicting the response to therapy and survival as their altered expression is related to prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia is common in HNC and can be detected by use of biomarkers. The tumors that show expression of hypoxia biomarkers have poor prognosis except for patients with human papilloma virus-associated or VHL-associated cancers. Therapeutic targeting of hypoxia is emerging; however, it is still in its nascent stage, with increasing clinical trials hypoxia is set to emerge as an attractive therapeutic target in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Monika Rajput
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Manoj Pandey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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8
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Tadokoro Y, Takeda D, Murakami A, Yatagai N, Saito I, Arimoto S, Kakei Y, Akashi M, Hasegawa T. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide application suppresses the expression of cancer-associated fibroblasts markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma xenograft mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290357. [PMID: 37594996 PMCID: PMC10437783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As CAFs promote tumor progression and hypoxia in the TME, regulating the conversion of normal fibroblasts (NFs) into CAFs is essential for improving the prognosis of patients with OSCC. We have previously reported the antitumor effects of transcutaneous carbon dioxide (CO2) application in OSCC. However, the effects of reducing hypoxia in the TME remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether CO2 administration improves the TME by evaluating CAFs marker expression. Human OSCC cells (HSC-3) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) were coinjected subcutaneously into the dorsal region of mice. CO2 gas was applied twice a week for 3 weeks. The tumors were harvested six times after transcutaneous CO2 application. The expression of CAFs markers (α-SMA, FAP, PDPN, and TGF-β) were evaluated by using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining. The expression of α-SMA, FAP, PDPN, and TGF-β was significantly increased over time after co-injection. In the CO2-treated group, tumor growth was significantly suppressed after treatment initiation. In addition, the mRNA expression of these markers was significantly inhibited. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining revealed a significant decrease in the protein expression of all CAFs markers in the CO2-treated group. We confirmed that transcutaneous CO2 application suppressed CAFs marker expression and tumor growth in OSCC xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tadokoro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Aki Murakami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Nanae Yatagai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Izumi Saito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Satomi Arimoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Yasumasa Kakei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe
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9
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Fleischmann J, Hildebrand LS, Kuhlmann L, Fietkau R, Distel LV. The Effect of Xevinapant Combined with Ionizing Radiation on HNSCC and Normal Tissue Cells and the Impact of Xevinapant on Its Targeted Proteins cIAP1 and XIAP. Cells 2023; 12:1653. [PMID: 37371123 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of HNSCC is partly due to treatment resistance. The SMAC mimetic Xevinapant is a promising new approach to targeted cancer therapy. Xevinapant inhibits cIAP1/2 and XIAP, leading to apoptosis, necroptosis and inhibition of prosurvival signaling. Combining Xevinapant with IR could improve therapeutic potential. The effect of Xevinapant in combination with IR on HNSCC and healthy tissue cells was investigated. Cell growth, cell death, clonogenic survival and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were studied, and intracellular cIAP1 and XIAP levels were evaluated. Xevinapant had cytostatic and cytotoxic, as well as radiosensitizing, effects on the malignant cells, while healthy tissue cells were less affected. Apoptotic and necrotic cell death was particularly affected, but the increase in residual DSBs and the reduced survival implied an additional effect of Xevinapant on DNA damage repair and other cell inactivation mechanisms. cIAP1 and XIAP levels varied for each cell line and were affected by Xevinapant and IR treatment. There was an association between higher IAP levels and increased cell death. Xevinapant appears to be a potent new drug for HNSCC therapy, especially in combination with IR. IAP levels could be an indicator for impaired DNA damage repair and increased susceptibility to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fleischmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura S Hildebrand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Kuhlmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luitpold V Distel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Europäische Metropolregion Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Moya-Garcia CR, Li-Jessen NYK, Tabrizian M. Chitosomes Loaded with Docetaxel as a Promising Drug Delivery System to Laryngeal Cancer Cells: An In Vitro Cytotoxic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9902. [PMID: 37373051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current delivery of chemotherapy, either intra-venous or intra-arterial, remains suboptimal for patients with head and neck tumors. The free form of chemotherapy drugs, such as docetaxel, has non-specific tissue targeting and poor solubility in blood that deters treatment efficacy. Upon reaching the tumors, these drugs can also be easily washed away by the interstitial fluids. Liposomes have been used as nanocarriers to enhance docetaxel bioavailability. However, they are affected by potential interstitial dislodging due to insufficient intratumoral permeability and retention capabilities. Here, we developed and characterized docetaxel-loaded anionic nanoliposomes coated with a layer of mucoadhesive chitosan (chitosomes) for the application of chemotherapy drug delivery. The anionic liposomes were 99.4 ± 1.5 nm in diameter with a zeta potential of -26 ± 2.0 mV. The chitosan coating increased the liposome size to 120 ± 2.2 nm and the surface charge to 24.8 ± 2.6 mV. Chitosome formation was confirmed via FTIR spectroscopy and mucoadhesive analysis with anionic mucin dispersions. Blank liposomes and chitosomes showed no cytotoxic effect on human laryngeal stromal and cancer cells. Chitosomes were also internalized into the cytoplasm of human laryngeal cancer cells, indicating effective nanocarrier delivery. A higher cytotoxicity (p < 0.05) of docetaxel-loaded chitosomes towards human laryngeal cancer cells was observed compared to human stromal cells and control treatments. No hemolytic effect was observed on human red blood cells after a 3 h exposure, proving the proposed intra-arterial administration. Our in vitro results supported the potential of docetaxel-loaded chitosomes for locoregional chemotherapy delivery to laryngeal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Moya-Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nicole Y K Li-Jessen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 2001 Av. McGill College #8, Montréal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 3775 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 2001 Av. McGill College, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
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11
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Litwiniuk-Kosmala M, Makuszewska M, Czesak M. Endoglin in head and neck neoplasms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1115212. [PMID: 36844233 PMCID: PMC9950573 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1115212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors of the head and neck region form a heterogeneous group of pathologies, including various benign lesions and malignant neoplasms. Endoglin, also known as CD105, is an accessory receptor for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), that regulates angiogenesis, both under physiological and pathological conditions. It is highly expressed in proliferating endothelial cells. Therefore, it is considered as a marker of tumor-related angiogenesis. In this review we discuss the role of endoglin as a possible marker of carcinogenesis, as well as a potential target for antibody-based therapies in the neoplasms of the head and neck region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Makuszewska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Czesak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Santi M, Frusca V, Ermini ML, Mapanao AK, Sarogni P, Gonnelli A, Giannini N, Zamborlin A, Biancalana L, Marchetti F, Voliani V. Hybrid nano-architectures loaded with metal complexes for the co-chemotherapy of head and neck carcinomas. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:325-334. [PMID: 36484416 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01930b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a complex group of malignancies that affect different body sites pertaining to the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. Current chemotherapy relies on platinum complexes, the major exponent being cisplatin, which exert severe side effects that can negatively affect prognosis. For this reason, other metal complexes with less severe side effects are being investigated as alternatives or adjuvants to platinum complexes. In this context, exploiting (supra)additive effects by the concurrent administration of cisplatin and emerging metal complexes is a promising research strategy that may lead to effective cancer management with reduced adverse reactions. Here, the combined action of cisplatin and a ruthenium(II) η6-arene compound (RuCy), both as free molecules and loaded into hybrid nano-architectures (NAs), has been assessed on HPV-negative HNSCC models of increasing complexity: 2D cell cultures, 3D multicellular tumor spheroids, and chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). Two new NAs have been established to explore all the delivery combinations and compare their ability to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in the treatment of HNSCCs. A significant supra-additive effect has been observed in both 2D and 3D models by one combination of treatments, suggesting that cisplatin is particularly effective when loaded on NAs, whereas RuCy performs better when administered as a free compound. Overall, this work paves the way for the establishment of the next co-chemotherapeutic approaches for the management of HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Santi
- NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Frusca
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Ermini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gonnelli
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Via Roma 67, Pisa, Italy
| | - Noemi Giannini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Radiation Oncology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Via Roma 67, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agata Zamborlin
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Biancalana
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4-16148, Genoa, Italy.
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13
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Einhaus J, Han X, Feyaerts D, Sunwoo J, Gaudilliere B, Ahmad SH, Aghaeepour N, Bruckman K, Ojcius D, Schürch CM, Gaudilliere DK. Towards multiomic analysis of oral mucosal pathologies. Semin Immunopathol 2023; 45:111-123. [PMID: 36790488 PMCID: PMC9974703 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucosal pathologies comprise an array of diseases with worldwide prevalence and medical relevance. Affecting a confined space with crucial physiological and social functions, oral pathologies can be mutilating and drastically reduce quality of life. Despite their relevance, treatment for these diseases is often far from curative and remains vastly understudied. While multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal pathologies, the host's immune system plays a major role in the development, maintenance, and resolution of these diseases. Consequently, a precise understanding of immunological mechanisms implicated in oral mucosal pathologies is critical (1) to identify accurate, mechanistic biomarkers of clinical outcomes; (2) to develop targeted immunotherapeutic strategies; and (3) to individualize prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we review key elements of the immune system's role in oral mucosal pathologies that hold promise to overcome limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We emphasize recent and ongoing multiomic and single-cell approaches that enable an integrative view of these pathophysiological processes and thereby provide unifying and clinically relevant biological signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Einhaus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xiaoyuan Han
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dorien Feyaerts
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Sunwoo
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brice Gaudilliere
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Somayeh H Ahmad
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karl Bruckman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - David Ojcius
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian M Schürch
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dyani K Gaudilliere
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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14
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Woo C, Jo KH, Sohn B, Park K, Cho H, Kang WJ, Kim J, Lee SK. Development and Testing of a Machine Learning Model Using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT-Derived Metabolic Parameters to Classify Human Papillomavirus Status in Oropharyngeal Squamous Carcinoma. Korean J Radiol 2023; 24:51-61. [PMID: 36606620 PMCID: PMC9830147 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2022.0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and test a machine learning model for classifying human papillomavirus (HPV) status of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-derived parameters in derived parameters and an appropriate combination of machine learning methods in patients with OPSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 126 patients (118 male; mean age, 60 years) with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed OPSCC, that underwent 18F-FDG PET-computed tomography (CT) between January 2012 and February 2020. Patients were randomly assigned to training and internal validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. An external test set of 19 patients (16 male; mean age, 65.3 years) was recruited sequentially from two other tertiary hospitals. Model 1 used only PET parameters, Model 2 used only clinical features, and Model 3 used both PET and clinical parameters. Multiple feature transforms, feature selection, oversampling, and training models are all investigated. The external test set was used to test the three models that performed best in the internal validation set. The values for area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were compared between models. RESULTS In the external test set, ExtraTrees-based Model 3, which uses two PET-derived parameters and three clinical features, with a combination of MinMaxScaler, mutual information selection, and adaptive synthetic sampling approach, showed the best performance (AUC = 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-1). Model 3 outperformed Model 1 using PET parameters alone (AUC = 0.48, p = 0.047) and Model 2 using clinical parameters alone (AUC = 0.52, p = 0.142) in predicting HPV status. CONCLUSION Using oversampling and mutual information selection, an ExtraTree-based HPV status classifier was developed by combining metabolic parameters derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT and clinical parameters in OPSCC, which exhibited higher performance than the models using either PET or clinical parameters alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsoo Woo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwan Hyeong Jo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Beomseok Sohn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kisung Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Hojin Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jun Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinna Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Koo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Abdulla M, Belal AA, Sakr A, El Arab LE, Mokhtar M, Allahloubi N, Ghali R, Hashem T, Arafat W. Eligibility criteria to cisplatin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Egyptian expert opinion. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1037. [PMID: 36698712 PMCID: PMC9847398 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of cisplatin in clinical practice in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is limited by its toxicity and acquired resistance, which makes the decision-making process of its prescription multifactorial. Methods An Egyptian expert panel (comprising nine Egyptian oncologists) meeting was held after a comprehensive literature review on the use of cisplatin in HNSCC. The panel aimed to develop a consensus on evidence-based recommendations for receiving cisplatin in the chemoradiotherapy management of HNSCC in Egyptian clinical practice. Results The panel indicated that an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) > 2, creatinine clearance (CCR) < 50 ml/min, neuropathy grade ≥ 2, pre-existing hearing loss or tinnitus ≥2, hematological problems (platelets < 100,000/mm3, neutrophils < 1500/mm, and hemoglobin < 9 g/dl), and heart failure of New York Heart Association Classes III or IV (even if cardiovascular therapy is optimized); are all absolute contraindications to receiving cisplatin. On the other hand, relative contraindications to cisplatin according to the panel were an ECOG PS of 2, age more than 70 years, CCR between 50 and 60 ml/min, grade 1 neuropathy, grade 1 hearing loss, involuntary weight loss of ≥20% of body weight, Child-Pugh Scores B and C, previous induction chemotherapy, and heart failure of New York Heart Association Classes I or II with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤50%. The panel agreed that the socioeconomic status of patients should be considered when prescribing cisplatin to HNSCC patients. Conclusion Our discussion resulted in a set of evidence-based recommendations for cisplatin eligibility criteria in patients of HNSCC in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulla
- Department of Oncology, Kasr Al‐Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Abdel Aziz Belal
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Amr Sakr
- Department of Oncology, Kasr Al‐Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Lobna E. El Arab
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Mohsen Mokhtar
- Department of Oncology, Kasr Al‐Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Nasr Allahloubi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Ramy Ghali
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Tarek Hashem
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of MedicineMenoufia UniversityMenoufiaEgypt
| | - Waleed Arafat
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt
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16
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Plasma sICAM-1 correlates with tumor volume before primary radiochemotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Radiol Oncol 2022; 56:501-507. [PMID: 36503712 PMCID: PMC9784360 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2022-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers are of major interest to optimize diagnosis, prognosis and to guide treatment in head and neck cancer patients. Especially blood-based biomarkers appear promising as they can be easily collected and repeatedly analyzed during the course of radiochemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS At first, for a broad overview, multiple immune markers were evaluated in six plasma samples of three head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients at the beginning and the end of radio-chemotherapy. In this pre-selection, the soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (sICAM-1) appeared most promising. Thus, this marker was measured in multiple samples (n = 86) during treatment and follow-up in a cohort of eleven patients and correlated with tumor features and clinical data. RESULTS We found a strong correlation between the initial levels of sICAM-1 in the plasma and the gross tumor volumes of the primary tumor and the involved lymph nodes. However, during the course of treatment no systematic dynamics could be identified. Toxicity or infections did not seem to influence sICAM-1 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS sICAM-1 appears to reflect the pre-treatment total tumor burden (primary tumor and involved lymph nodes) in head and neck tumor patients. However, it does not seem to be a dynamic marker reflecting response during radiochemotherapy. Thus, if our findings are confirmed in future, sICAM-1 could be used as a staging marker: if high sICAM-1 levels but low tumor burden are found it might be reasonable to intensify staging investigations to rule out further, yet undetected, tumor sites.
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17
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Renu K, Vinayagam S, Veeraraghavan VP, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Prabakaran DS, Ganesan R, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Kandasamy S, Ramanathan G, Doss C GP, George A, Gopalakrishnan AV. Molecular Crosstalk between the Immunological Mechanism of the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091490. [PMID: 36146567 PMCID: PMC9504083 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a significant non-communicable disease affecting both emergent nations and developed countries. Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck represent the eight major familiar cancer types worldwide, accounting for more than 350,000 established cases every year. Oral cancer is one of the most exigent tumors to control and treat. The survival rate of oral cancer is poor due to local invasion along with recurrent lymph node metastasis. The tumor microenvironment contains a different population of cells, such as fibroblasts associated with cancer, immune-infiltrating cells, and other extracellular matrix non-components. Metastasis in a primary site is mainly due to multifaceted progression known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For the period of EMT, epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal cell functional and structural characteristics, which lead to cell migration enhancement and promotion of the dissemination of tumor cells. The present review links the tumor microenvironment and the role of EMT in inflammation, transcriptional factors, receptor involvement, microRNA, and other signaling events. It would, in turn, help to better understand the mechanism behind the tumor microenvironment and EMT during oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.V.G.)
| | - Sathishkumar Vinayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Postgraduate and Research Studies, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 635205, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D. S. Prabakaran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Srivilliputhur Main Road, Sivakasi 626124, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Institute of Energy Research, Jiangsu University, No 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.V.G.)
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18
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Zhang S, Jin K, Li T, Zhou M, Yang W. Comprehensive analysis of INHBA: A biomarker for anti-TGFβ treatment in head and neck cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1317-1329. [PMID: 35521936 PMCID: PMC9442453 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221085203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibin subunit βA (INHBA) is a protein-coding gene belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, which is associated with the development of a variety of cancers. However, the role of INHBA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unclear. The expression profile and prognostic significance of INHBA in HNSC were assessed using a variety of informatics methods. The level of INHBA expression was significantly higher in patients with HNSC, and it was correlated with sex, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, histological grade, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis indicated that poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly associated with INHBA upregulation in HNSC. INHBA overexpression was validated as an independent poor prognostic factor by multivariate Cox regression, and including INHBA expression level in the prognostic model could increase prediction accuracy. In addition, copy number alterations (CNAs) of INHBA and miR-217-5p downregulation are potential mechanisms for elevated INHBA expression in HNSC. In conclusion, INHBA may represent a promising predictive biomarker and candidate target for anti-TGFβ therapy in HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Keyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Maolin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China,Wenbin Yang.
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Jones TM, Espitia CM, Ooi A, Bauman JE, Carew JS, Nawrocki ST. Targeted CUL4A inhibition synergizes with cisplatin to yield long-term survival in models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through a DDB2-mediated mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:350. [PMID: 35428778 PMCID: PMC9012827 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with late-stage and human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continue to have a very poor prognosis. The development of more effective novel therapies that improve overall survival and overcome drug resistance is an urgent priority. Here we report that HNSCC tumors significantly overexpress NEDD8 and exhibit high sensitivity to the first-in-class NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor pevonedistat. Additional studies established that disruption of NEDD8-mediated protein turnover with pevonedistat dramatically augmented cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HNSCC models. Further analysis revealed that the specific pevonedistat target CUL4A played an essential role in driving the synergy of the pevonedistat and cisplatin combination. Targeted inhibition of CUL4A resulted in significant downregulation in Damage Specific DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2), a DNA-damage recognition protein that promotes nucleotide excision repair and resistance to cisplatin. Silencing of CUL4A or DDB2 enhanced cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in a manner similar to that of pevonedistat demonstrating that targeted inhibition of CUL4A may be a novel approach to augment cisplatin therapy. Administration of pevonedistat to mice bearing HNSCC tumors significantly decreased DDB2 expression in tumor cells, increased DNA damage and potently enhanced the activity of cisplatin to yield tumor regression and long-term survival of all animals. Our findings provide strong rationale for clinical investigation of CUL4A inhibition with pevonedistat as a novel strategy to augment the efficacy of cisplatin therapy for patients with HNSCC and identify loss of DDB2 as a key pharmacodynamic mediator controlling sensitivity to this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trace M Jones
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Aikseng Ooi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Hsu PC, Hsu CC, Hsia YJ, Kuo CY. Chrysophanol Suppresses Cell Growth via mTOR/PPAR-α Regulation and ROS Accumulation in Cultured Human Tongue Squamous Carcinoma SAS Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1528-1538. [PMID: 35723362 PMCID: PMC9164035 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer, a type of head and neck cancer, can pose a significant risk of death unless diagnosed and treated early. Alternative treatments are urgently needed owing to the high mortality rate, limitations of conventional treatments, and many complications. The anthraquinone compound chrysophanol acts as a tumor suppressor on some types of cancer cells. To date, it has not been clarified how chrysophanol affects human tongue squamous carcinoma. This study was aimed to examine the effects of chrysophanol on oral cancer treatment. The results show that chrysophanol caused cell death, reduced the expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We also used two ion chelators, deferoxamine (DFO) and liproxstatin-1 (Lipro), to further determine whether chrysophanol inhibits cell growth and regulates mTOR/PPAR-α expression and ROS production, both of which are involved in iron homeostasis. The results show that DFO and Lipro reversed the increase in cell death, downregulation of mTOR/PPAR-α, and decrease in ROS accumulation. In conclusion, chrysophanol inhibits the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by modulating mTOR/PPAR-α and by causing ROS accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (C.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (C.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jan Hsia
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan; (P.-C.H.); (C.-C.H.); (Y.-J.H.)
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +886-2-6628-9009
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21
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Insights into Nanomedicine for Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062086. [PMID: 35329542 PMCID: PMC8951645 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers rank sixth among the most common cancers today, and the survival rate has remained virtually unchanged over the past 25 years, due to late diagnosis and ineffective treatments. They have two main risk factors, tobacco and alcohol, and human papillomavirus infection is a secondary risk factor. These cancers affect areas of the body that are fundamental for the five senses. Therefore, it is necessary to treat them effectively and non-invasively as early as possible, in order to do not compromise vital functions, which is not always possible with conventional treatments (chemotherapy or radiotherapy). In this sense, nanomedicine plays a key role in the treatment and diagnosis of head and neck cancers. Nanomedicine involves using nanocarriers to deliver drugs to sites of action and reducing the necessary doses and possible side effects. The main purpose of this review is to give an overview of the applications of nanocarrier systems to the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer. Herein, several types of delivery strategies, radiation enhancement, inside-out hyperthermia, and theragnostic approaches are addressed.
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22
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M1 macrophage-derived exosomes and their key molecule lncRNA HOTTIP suppress head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by upregulating the TLR5/NF-κB pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:183. [PMID: 35210436 PMCID: PMC8873565 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes serve as a crucial mode of communication between tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer cells. This study attempted to explore the function of M1-derived exosomes and clarify their specific mechanism in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Moreover, the functional roles of M1-derived exosomes and their key molecule long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) in HNSCC were investigated by conducting a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. The dual-luciferase test was utilized to clarify the binding capacities between HOTTIP/mRNA and miRNAs. Accordingly, HOTTIP was found to be upregulated in M1-derived exosomes. Meanwhile, the in vitro experiments indicated that M1 exosomes suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion but induced apoptosis of cancer cells. This function was noted to be enhanced by HOTTIP-overexpressed M1 exosomes but was weakened by HOTTIP-knockdown ones, indicating that HOTTIP serves as a key molecule in M1 exosomes. Therefore, the function of HOTTIP in cancer cells was explored, for which overexpression of HOTTIP was found to inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion but induced apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro. A mechanism study further showed that M1 exosomes and HOTTIP activated the TLR5/NF-κB signaling pathway by competitively sponging miR-19a-3p and miR-19b-3p. Furthermore, cancer cells expressing HOTTIP were noted to induce the polarization of both local M1 and M2 macrophages; however, M1 exosomes were observed to reprogram local TAMs into M1 macrophages. More importantly, both cancer cells expressing HOTTIP and M1 exosomes reeducated circulating monocytes to express the M1 phenotype. The corresponding data demonstrated that the M1 exosomal lncRNA HOTTIP suppresses HNSCC progression by upregulating the TLR5/NF-κB signaling pathway through competitively sponging miR-19a-3p and miR-19b-3p. In particular, M1 exosomes and HOTTIP induce the polarization of M1 in circulating monocytes, thus providing novel insight into HNSCC immunotherapy.
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23
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Novel prognostic value and potential utility of opioid receptor gene methylation in liquid biopsy for oral cavity cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2022; 46:100834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2021.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Singh S, Senapati P, Kundu TK. Metabolic Regulation of Lysine Acetylation: Implications in Cancer. Subcell Biochem 2022; 100:393-426. [PMID: 36301501 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07634-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is the second most well-studied post-translational modification after phosphorylation. While phosphorylation regulates signaling cascades, one of the most significant roles of acetylation is regulation of chromatin structure. Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) serves as the acetyl group donor for acetylation reactions mediated by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs). On the other hand, NAD+ serves as the cofactor for lysine deacetylases (KDACs). Both acetyl-CoA and NAD+ are metabolites integral to energy metabolism, and therefore, their metabolic flux can regulate the activity of KATs and KDACs impacting the epigenome. In this chapter, we review our current understanding of how metabolic pathways regulate lysine acetylation in normal and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Singh
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Parijat Senapati
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tapas K Kundu
- Transcription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Presa D, Khurram SA, Zubir AZA, Smarakan S, Cooper PA, Morais GR, Sadiq M, Sutherland M, Loadman PM, McCaul J, Shnyder SD, Patterson LH, Pors K. Cytochrome P450 isoforms 1A1, 1B1 AND 2W1 as targets for therapeutic intervention in head and neck cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18930. [PMID: 34556703 PMCID: PMC8460628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that head and neck cancer (HNC) is a complex multistage process that in part involves exposure to a combination of carcinogens and the capacity of certain drug-metabolising enzymes including cytochrome P450 (CYP) to detoxify or activate such carcinogens. In this study, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and CYP2W1 expression in HNC was correlated with potential as target for duocarmycin prodrug activation and selective therapy. In the HNC cell lines, elevated expression was shown at the gene level for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 whereas CYP2W1 was hardly detected. However, CYP2W1 was expressed in FaDu and Detroit-562 xenografts and in a cohort of human HNC samples. Functional activity was measured in Fadu and Detroit-562 cells using P450-Glo™ assay. Antiproliferative results of duocarmycin prodrugs ICT2700 and ICT2706 revealed FaDu and Detroit-562 as the most sensitive HNC cell lines. Administration of ICT2700 in vivo using a single dose of ICT2700 (150 mg/kg) showed preferential inhibition of small tumour growth (mean size of 60 mm3) in mice bearing FaDu xenografts. Significantly, our findings suggest a potential targeted therapeutic approach to manage HNCs by exploiting intratumoural CYP expression for metabolic activation of duocarmycin-based prodrugs such as ICT2700.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Presa
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Syed A Khurram
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Amir Z A Zubir
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK
| | - Sneha Smarakan
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Patricia A Cooper
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Goreti R Morais
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Maria Sadiq
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Mark Sutherland
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Paul M Loadman
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - James McCaul
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK.,Regional Maxillofacial Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Steven D Shnyder
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Laurence H Patterson
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK.
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Vahabi M, Blandino G, Di Agostino S. MicroRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a possible challenge as biomarkers, determinants for the choice of therapy and targets for personalized molecular therapies. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:3090-3110. [PMID: 35116619 PMCID: PMC8797920 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are referred to a group of heterogeneous cancers that include structures of aerodigestive tract such as oral and nasal cavity, salivary glands, oropharynx, pharynx, larynx, paranasal sinuses, and local lymph nodes. HNSCC is characterized by frequent alterations of several genes such as TP53, PIK3CA, CDKN2A, NOTCH1, and MET as well as copy number increase in EGFR, CCND1, and PIK3CA. These genomic alterations play a role in terms of resistance to chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and prediction of patient outcome. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded noncoding RNAs which are about 19-25 nucleotides. They are involved in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC including dysregulation of cell survival, proliferation, cellular differentiation, adhesion, and invasion. The discovery of the stable presence of the miRNAs in all human body made them attractive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis or as targets for novel therapeutic ways, enabling personalized treatment for HNSCC. In recent times the number of papers concerning the characterization of miRNAs in the HNSCC tumorigenesis has grown a lot. In this review, we discuss the very recent studies on different aspects of miRNA dysregulation with their clinical significance and we apologize for the many past and most recent works that have not been mentioned. We also discuss miRNA-based therapy that are being tested on patients by clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Laboratory, via Elio Chianesi, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Laboratory, via Elio Chianesi, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
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Genetic variant rs10251977 (G>A) in EGFR-AS1 modulates the expression of EGFR isoforms A and D. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8808. [PMID: 33888812 PMCID: PMC8062556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor is an effective chemo-therapeutic drug against tumors with deregulated EGFR pathway. Recently, a genetic variant rs10251977 (G>A) in exon 20 of EGFR reported to act as a prognostic marker for HNSCC. Genotyping of this polymorphism in oral cancer patients showed a similar frequency in cases and controls. EGFR-AS1 expressed significantly high level in tumors and EGFR-A isoform expression showed significant positive correlation (r = 0.6464, p < 0.0001) with reference to EGFR-AS1 expression levels, consistent with larger TCGA HNSCC tumor dataset. Our bioinformatic analysis showed enrichment of alternative splicing marks H3K36me3 and presence of intronic polyA sites spanning around exon 15a and 15b of EGFR facilitates skipping of exon 15b, thereby promoting the splicing of EGFR-A isoform. In addition, high level expression of PTBP1 and its binding site in EGFR and EGFR-AS1 enhances the expression of EGFR-A isoform (r = 0.7404, p < 0.0001) suggesting that EGFR-AS1 expression modulates the EGFR-A and D isoforms through alternative splicing. In addition, this polymorphism creates a binding site for miR-891b in EGFR-AS1 and may negatively regulate the EGFR-A. Collectively, our results suggested the presence of genetic variant in EGFR-AS1 modulates the expression of EGFR-D and A isoforms.
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Downregulation of ceramide synthase 1 promotes oral cancer through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:10. [PMID: 33753723 PMCID: PMC7985500 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
C18 ceramide plays an important role in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the function of ceramide synthase 1, a key enzyme in C18 ceramide synthesis, in oral squamous cell carcinoma is still unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between ceramide synthase 1 and oral cancer. In this study, we found that the expression of ceramide synthase 1 was downregulated in oral cancer tissues and cell lines. In a mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma model induced by 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide, ceramide synthase 1 knockout was associated with the severity of oral malignant transformation. Immunohistochemical studies showed significant upregulation of PCNA, MMP2, MMP9, and BCL2 expression and downregulation of BAX expression in the pathological hyperplastic area. In addition, ceramide synthase 1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Overexpression of CERS1 obtained the opposite effect. Ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused endoplasmic reticulum stress and induced the VEGFA upregulation. Activating transcription factor 4 is responsible for ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused VEGFA transcriptional upregulation. In addition, mild endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by ceramide synthase 1 knockdown could induce cisplatin resistance. Taken together, our study suggests that ceramide synthase 1 is downregulated in oral cancer and promotes the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma and chemotherapeutic drug resistance.
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Chandel V, Sharma PP, Nayar SA, Jha NK, Jha SK, Rathi B, Kumar D. In silico identification of potential inhibitor for TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:117. [PMID: 33604233 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02665-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the six most common cancer globally and most common cancer in men in India. The metabolic regulation is highly altered and is considered as a hall mark of HNSCC. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) plays very important role in the development and progression of HNSCC. The aim of our study is to identify a novel FDA approved anticancer inhibitor against mutated TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) through drug repurposing approach. A library of 105 FDA approved anticancer compounds were screened using molecular docking approach against TIGAR (PDB: 3DCY) both Wild-Type (WT) and mutated (Mut). Specific mutations in TIGAR were identified using cBioPortal, a cancer genomics database and mutated structure was modelled using SWISS-MODEL. Out of 510 sequenced cases/patients samples, 17(3%) patients showed alteration in TIGAR [TIGARWT and TIGARMut (R88W)]. The virtual drug screening showed 45 drugs out of 105 high binding affinity with TIGAR, Trabectedin showed highest binding affinity with both TIGARWT (- 13.3 kcal/mol) as well as TIGARMut (R88W) (- 13.8 kcal/mol). The molecular docking studies were validated using molecular dynamics simulation (MD Simulation) of protein-ligand complex of TIGAR and Trabectedin for 100 ns. The MD Simulation of Trabectedin complex showed more stable with TIGARMut (R88W) compared to TIGARWT. Moreover, the string analysis revealed that metabolic-related genes, HK2, PFKFB1, PFKM, PFKP, PFKL, FBP1 are closely associated with TIGAR in HNSCC. Our findings suggest that Trabectedin can be proposed as an inhibitor for [TIGARMut (R88W)] which can be used to target metabolic signalings in HNSCC. However, further investigation and in vitro and in vivo validation our findings required to understand the molecular mechanisms of regulation of Trabectedin in HNSCC.
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Uz U, Eskiizmir G. Association Between Interleukin-6 and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 14:50-60. [PMID: 33587847 PMCID: PMC7904429 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2019.00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine which plays an important role in several regulatory mechanisms of cancer. Moreover, experimental and clinical studies have reported that IL-6 targeted therapies might provide significant benefits for cancer treatment. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate IL-6 activity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A systematic review of the association between serum, saliva and tumor IL-6 and HNSCC was developed on PubMed/Medline in the publication range from January 1995 to January 2019. Our literature analysis demonstrated that overexpression and elevated serum and/or saliva IL-6 concentrations in patients with HNSCC are related to poor survival and oncological outcomes. Although there is a correlation between IL-6 concentrations and tumorigenicity, it is noteworthy that IL-6 targeted therapies are generally performed in vitro and in experimental studies. Therefore, prospective, randomized clinical trials are required that focus on IL-6 targeted therapies for the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzdan Uz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Görkem Eskiizmir
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Kapoor D, Handa U, Kundu R, Das A. Diagnostic utility of p16 immunocytochemistry in metastatic cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancers. Diagn Cytopathol 2021; 49:469-474. [PMID: 33428334 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus (HPV) testing can be useful in work-up of patients presenting with cervical node metastasis, suspected to be of head and neck origin as HPV positive tumors show better response to therapy. The current study was planned to detect HPV in aspirates from metastatic cervical nodes using p16 immunocytochemistry in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Further correlation of HPV status between node metastasis and primary tumor was done. METHODS The prospective study included 50 patients diagnosed as metastatic SCC in cervical nodes on fine needle aspiration with either known head and neck primary or primary detected post cytodiagnosis. Immunostaining for p16 was carried out on both smears and tissue sections. RESULTS Forty-three patients were male and seven were female. Age of the patients ranged from 35 to 80 years. Primary sites of HNSCC were oropharynx (25), oral cavity (14), and larynx (11). Immunocytochemistry for p16 on smears showed positivity in 28 cases. Immunohistochemistry for p16 in primary tumors was positive in 34. There was substantial agreement between p16 immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry (Kappa value: 0.823). The sensitivity of p16 immunocytochemistry for the detection of HPV in metastatic HNSCC was 82.4% while the specificity was 100%. The positive and negative predictive values were 100% and 72.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS P16 immunocytochemistry in HNSCC metastatic to cervical node mirrors the HPV status of the corresponding primary tumor. Hence in tumors of unknown origin presenting as cervical node metastasis, p16 immunocytochemistry can be employed for localization of the primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Kapoor
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Handa
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reetu Kundu
- Department of Cytology & Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arjun Das
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Chen G, Li Z, Chen C, Liu J, Zhu W, She L, Huang H, Qin Y, Liu G, Wang J, Liu Y, Huang D, Tang Q, Zhang X, Zhu G. The Molecular Landscape and Biological Alterations Induced by PRAS40-Knockout in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:565669. [PMID: 33489877 PMCID: PMC7821427 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.565669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PRAS40 (Prolin-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa) is a critical protein, which directly connects PI3K/Akt and mTORC1 pathway. It plays an indispensable role in the development of various diseases. However, the relationship between PRAS40 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. Here, our study indicated that high expression of PRAS40 mRNA is a favorable prognostic factor in HNSCC patients by analyzing 498 clinical and mRNA data. Moreover, we confirmed that CRISPR/Cas9 induced PRAS40-knockout would promote colony formation, cell migration, and invasion in several HNSCC cell lines. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the further possible mechanisms involving the above regulations by PRAS40 in HNSCC cells. The molecular landscape contributed by 253 differentially expressed mRNA after PRAS40-knockout was enriched in TGF-beta, PI3K-Akt, P53, mTOR, NF-κB signaling pathway. Partial molecular alternations within these pathways were validated by qPCR or Western blotting. Besides, we found that high expression of PRAS40 in HNSC patients would present more CD8+ T and T follicular helper cells, but less Th17 cells than the patients with low expression of PRAS40. The altered molecular pathways and tumor-infiltrating immune cells might associate with the mechanism of PRAS40 being a suppressor in HNSCC cells, which would provide a potential prognostic predictor and therapeutic target in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhexuan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changhan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li She
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huimei Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuexiang Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guancheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Spanier G, Weidt D, Hellwig D, Meier JKH, Reichert TE, Grosse J. Total lesion glycolysis in oral squamous cell carcinoma as a biomarker derived from pre-operative FDG PET/CT outperforms established prognostic factors in a newly developed multivariate prediction model. Oncotarget 2021; 12:37-48. [PMID: 33456712 PMCID: PMC7800778 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retrospective study to investigate the impact of image derived biomarkers from [18F]FDG PET/CT prior to surgical resection in patients with initial diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), namely SUVmax, SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of the primary tumor to predict overall survival (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS 127 subsequent patients with biopsy-proven OSCC were included who underwent [18F]FDG PET/CT before surgery. SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV and TLG of the primary tumor were measured. OS was estimated according to Kaplan-Meier and compared between median-splitted groups by the log-rank test. Prognostic parameters were analyzed by uni-/multivariate Cox-regression. RESULTS During follow-up 52 (41%) of the patients died. Median OS was longer for patients with lower MTV or lower TLG. SUVmax and SUVmean failed to be significant predictors for OS. Univariate Cox-regression identified MTV, TLG, lymph node status and UICC stage as prognostic factors. By multivariate Cox-regression MTV and TLG turned out to be independent prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSIONS The pre-therapeutic [18F]FDG PET/CT parameters MTV and TLG in the primary tumor are prognostic for OS of patients with an initial diagnosis of OSCC. TLG is the strongest independent prognostic factor for OS and outperforms established prognostic parameters in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Weidt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Hellwig
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes K H Meier
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E Reichert
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jirka Grosse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Minarovits J. Anaerobic bacterial communities associated with oral carcinoma: Intratumoral, surface-biofilm and salivary microbiota. Anaerobe 2020; 68:102300. [PMID: 33246097 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It was estimated that more than 700 bacterial species inhabit the oral cavity of healthy humans. Anaerobes comprise a significant fraction of the oral bacteriome and play an important role in the formation of multi-species biofilms attached to various anatomical sites. Bacterial biofilms are also associated with pathologic laesions of the oral cavity, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and distinct oral taxa could also be detected within the tumors, i.e. in deep biopsy samples. These observations suggested that certain oral bacteria or oral bacterial communities may play a causative role in oral carcinogenesis, in addition to the well characterized risk factors of oral cancer. Alternatively, it was also proposed that a subset of oral bacteria may have a growth advantage in the unique microenvironment of OSCC. Recently, a series of studies analysed the OSCC-associated bacterial communities using metataxonomic, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches. This review outlines the major differences between the community structure of microbiota in tumor biopsy, surface-biofilm and salivary or oral wash samples collected from OSCC patients, compared to corresponding samples from control persons. A special emphasis is given to the anaerobic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium periodonticum that were characterised repeatedly as "OSCC-associated" in independent studies. Predicted microbial functions and relevant in vivo experimental models of oral carcinogenesis will also be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Minarovits
- University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, H-6720 Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64 Hungary.
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35
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Taheri M, Shirvani Farsani Z. MicroRNA profile in the squamous cell carcinoma: prognostic and diagnostic roles. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05436. [PMID: 33204886 PMCID: PMC7653070 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are human malignancies associated with both genetic and environmental factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coding RNAs have prominent roles in the development of this kind of cancer. Expressions of several miRNAs have been demonstrated to be increased in HNSCC samples vs. non-malignant tissues. In silico prediction tools and functional analyses have confirmed the function of some miRNAs in the modulation of cancer-associated targets, thus indicating these miRNAs as onco-miRs. Moreover, numerous miRNAs have been down-regulated in HNSCC samples. Their targets mostly enhance cell proliferation or inhibit apoptosis. miRNAs signature has practical implications in the diagnosis, staging, and management of HNSC. Most notably, numerous miRNAs have been shown to alter response of tumor cells to anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin and doxorubicin. Circulating levels of these small transcripts have been suggested as promising biomarkers for diagnosis of HNSCC. In the present manuscript, we sum up the available literature regarding the miRNAs signature in HNSCC and their role as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
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36
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Prognostic Value of Microvessel Density in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8842795. [PMID: 33062071 PMCID: PMC7539077 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8842795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic value of microvessel density (MVD) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains disputable. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively determine the prognostic value of MVD in HNSCC. Relevant literatures were identified using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis was performed to clarify the prognostic role of MVD in HNSCC patients and different subgroups. A total of 14 eligible articles were included in this meta-analysis. The combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for overall survival (OS) of 11 studies was 1.663 (1.236-2.237, P = 0.001), and the pooled HR and 95% CI for progression-free survival (PFS) of 7 studies was 2.069 (1.281-3.343, P = 0.003). Subgroup analyses were also performed on different issues, such as regional distribution of patients, age, tumor location, antibody, and treatment strategy. To conclude, high MVD is associated with worse OS and PFS in patients with HNSCC.
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Santi M, Mapanao AK, Cappello V, Voliani V. Production of 3D Tumor Models of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas for Nanotheranostics Assessment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4862-4869. [PMID: 33395269 PMCID: PMC7735655 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a first approach, standard 2D cell culture techniques are usually employed for the screening of drugs and nanomaterials. Despite the easy handling, findings achieved on 2D cultures are often not efficiently translatable to in vivo preclinical investigations. Furthermore, although animal models are pivotal in preclinical studies, more strict directives have been implemented to promote the use of alternative biological systems. In this context, the development and integration into preclinical research workflow of 3D neoplasm models is particularly appealing to promote the advancement and success of therapeutics in clinical trials while reducing the number of in vivo models. Indeed, 3D tumor models bridge several discrepancies between 2D cell culture and in vivo models, among which are morphology, polarity, drug penetration, osmolality, and gene expressions. Here, we comprehensively describe a robust and high-throughput hanging drop protocol for the production of 3D models of both Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). We also report the standard cascade assays for their characterization and demonstrate their significance in investigations on these aggressive neoplasms. The employment of relevant 3D cancer models is pivotal to produce more reliable and robust findings in terms of biosafety, theranostic efficacy, and biokinetics as well as to promote further knowledge on HNSCC pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Santi
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
- NEST-Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza
San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
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38
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Pantazis TL, Giotakis AI, Karamagkiolas S, Giotakis I, Konstantoulakis M, Liakea A, Misiakos EP. Low expression of miR-20b-5p indicates favorable prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, especially in patients with non-infiltrated regional lymph nodes. Am J Otolaryngol 2020; 41:102563. [PMID: 32521298 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor recurrence and distant metastasis are very common in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In this study, we examined the potential prognostic value of microRNA-20b-5p (miR-20b-5p), a component of the tumor-related miR-106a/363 cluster. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total RNA was purified from 105 tissue specimens resected from patients having undergone surgical treatment for primary LSCC. After in vitro polyadenylation and reverse transcription, a sensitive real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methodology was applied for the relative quantification of miR-20b-5p levels. Then, we proceeded with biostatistical analysis, seeking to assess the prognostic value of miR-20b-5p expression in LSCC. RESULTS miR-20b-5p positivity constitutes a predictor of inferior DFS and OS in LSCC (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). The significant prognostic value of miR-20b-5p expression status seems to be independent of tumor size, histological grade, and TNM stage, as revealed by the multivariate bootstrap Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed also that miR-20b-5p expression status can stratify LSCC patients with non-infiltrated regional lymph nodes (N0) into two subgroups with distinct prognosis (P = 0.004 and P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The miR-20b-5p expression status is a promising molecular tissue biomarker in LSCC, with an independent prognostic value, and thus merits further validation in larger cohorts of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodwros-Leonidas Pantazis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Athens General Hospital "Hippokration", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Aris I Giotakis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Athens General Hospital "Hippokration", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Karamagkiolas
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Athens General Hospital "Hippokration", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giotakis
- First Department of Otolaryngology, Athens General Hospital "Hippokration", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Manousos Konstantoulakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Athens General Hospital "Hippokration", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aliki Liakea
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos P Misiakos
- Third Department of Surgery, University General Hospital "Attikon", Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Chandel V, Raj S, Kumar P, Gupta S, Dhasmana A, Kesari KK, Ruokolainen J, Mehra P, Das BC, Kamal MA, Kumar D. Metabolic regulation in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 258:118236. [PMID: 32795537 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit distinct energy metabolic pathways due to multiple oncogenic events. In normoxia condition, the anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) is highly observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is associated with smoking, chewing tobacco, consumption of alcohol or Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection primarily HPV16. In recent years, the correlation of HPV with HNSCC has significantly expanded. Despite the recent advancement in therapeutic approaches, the rate of HPV infected HNSCC has significantly increased in the last few years, specifically, in lower middle-income countries. The oncoproteins of High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV), E6 and E7, alter the metabolic phenotype in HNSCC, which is distinct from non-HPV associated HNSCC. These oncoproteins, modulate the cell cycle and metabolic signalling through interacting with tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and pRb. Since, metabolic alteration represents a major hallmark for tumorigenesis, HPV acts as a source of biomarker linked to cancer progression in HNSCC. The dependency of cancer cells to specific nutrients and alteration of various metabolic associated genes may provide a unique opportunity for pharmacological intervention in HPV infected HNSCC. In this review, we have discussed the molecular mechanism (s) and metabolic regulation in HNSCC depending on the HPV status. We have also discussed the possible potential therapeutic approaches for HPV associated HNSCC through targeting metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chandel
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Doiwala, Dehradun 248016, India; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Pravesh Mehra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India.
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Dong Y, Lu S, Wang Z, Liu L. CCTs as new biomarkers for the prognosis of head and neck squamous cancer. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:672-688. [PMID: 33313411 PMCID: PMC7706129 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The chaperonin-containing T-complex protein 1 (CCT) subunits participate in diverse diseases. However, little is known about their expression and prognostic values in human head and neck squamous cancer (HNSC). This article aims to evaluate the effects of CCT subunits regarding their prognostic values for HNSC. We mined the transcriptional and survival data of CCTs in HNSC patients from online databases. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed and a functional enrichment analysis of target genes was performed. We observed that the mRNA expression levels of CCT1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8 were higher in HNSC tissues than in normal tissues. Survival analysis revealed that the high mRNA transcriptional levels of CCT3/4/5/6/7/8 were associated with a low overall survival. The expression levels of CCT4/7 were correlated with advanced tumor stage. And the overexpression of CCT4 was associated with higher N stage of patients. Validation of CCTs' differential expression and prognostic values was achieved by the Human Protein Atlas and GEO datasets. Mechanistic exploration of CCT subunits by the functional enrichment analysis suggests that these genes may influence the HNSC prognosis by regulating PI3K-Akt and other pathways. This study implies that CCT3/4/6/7/8 are promising biomarkers for the prognosis of HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95th Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Department of Emergency, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhenxiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95th Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liangfa Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95th Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
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Ludwig N, Gillespie DG, Reichert TE, Jackson EK, Whiteside TL. Purine Metabolites in Tumor-Derived Exosomes May Facilitate Immune Escape of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061602. [PMID: 32560461 PMCID: PMC7352909 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Body fluids of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are enriched in exosomes that reflect properties of the tumor. The aim of this study was to determine whether purine metabolites are carried by exosomes and evaluate their role as potential contributors to tumor immune escape. The gene expression levels of the purine synthesis pathway were studied using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Head and Neck Cancer database. Exosomes were isolated from supernatants of UMSCC47 cells and from the plasma of HNSCC patients (n = 26) or normal donors (NDs; n = 5) using size exclusion chromatography. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to assess levels of 19 purine metabolites carried by exosomes. In HNSCC tissues, expression levels of genes involved in the purinergic pathway were upregulated indicating an accelerated purine metabolism compared to normal tissues. Exosomes from supernatants of UMSCC47 cells contained several purine metabolites, predominantly adenosine and inosine. Purine metabolite levels were enriched in exosomes isolated from the plasma of HNSCC patients compared to those isolated from NDs and carried elevated levels of adenosine (p = 0.0223). Exosomes of patients with early-stage disease and no lymph node metastasis contained significantly elevated levels of adenosine and 5'-GMP (p = 0.0247 and p = 0.0229, respectively). The purine metabolite levels in exosomes decreased in patients with advanced cancer and nodal involvement. This report provides the first evidence that HNSCC cells shuttle purine metabolites in exosomes, with immunosuppressive adenosine being the most prominent purine. Changes in the content and levels of purine metabolites in circulating exosomes reflect disease progression in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ludwig
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Delbert G. Gillespie
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.G.); (E.K.J.)
| | - Torsten E. Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.G.); (E.K.J.)
| | - Theresa L. Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Departments of Immunology and Otolaryngology, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +412-624-0096; Fax: +412-624-0264
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Misawa K, Imai A, Matsui H, Kanai A, Misawa Y, Mochizuki D, Mima M, Yamada S, Kurokawa T, Nakagawa T, Mineta H. Identification of novel methylation markers in HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: genome-wide discovery, tissue verification and validation testing in ctDNA. Oncogene 2020; 39:4741-4755. [PMID: 32415241 PMCID: PMC7286817 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is an independent tumour type with regard to cellular, biological, and clinical features. The use of non-invasive biomarkers such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) may be relevant in early diagnosis and eventually improve the outcomes of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Genome-wide discovery using RNA sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing yielded 21 candidates for methylation-targeted genes. A verification study (252 HNSCC patients) using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (Q-MSP) identified 10 genes (ATP2A1, CALML5, DNAJC5G, GNMT, GPT, LY6D, LYNX1, MAL, MGC16275, and MRGPRF) that showed a significant increase recurrence in methylation groups with OPC. Further study on ctDNA using Q-MSP in HPV-associated OPC showed that three genes (CALML5, DNAJC5G, and LY6D) had a high predictive ability as emerging biomarkers for a validation set, each capable of discriminating between the plasma of the patients from healthy individuals. Among the 42 ctDNA samples, methylated CALML5, DNAJC5G, and LY6D were observed in 31 (73.8%), 19 (45.2%), and 19 (45.2%) samples, respectively. Among pre-treatment ctDNA samples, methylated CALML5, DNAJC5G, and LY6D were observed in 8/8 (100%), 7/8 (87.5%), and 7/8 (87.5%) samples, respectively. Methylated CALML5, DNAJC5G, and LY6D were found in 2/8 (25.0%), 0/8 (0%), and 1/8 (12.5%) of the final samples in the series, respectively. Here, we present the relationship between the methylation status of three specific genes and cancer recurrence for risk classification of HPV-associated OPC cases. In conclusion, ctDNA analysis has the potential to aid in determining patient prognosis and real-time surveillance for disease recurrences and serves as an alternative method of screening for HPV-associated OPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Misawa
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Imai
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsui
- Department of Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akinori Kanai
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Misawa
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Daiki Mochizuki
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masato Mima
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kurokawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mineta
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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Santi M, Mapanao AK, Cassano D, Vlamidis Y, Cappello V, Voliani V. Endogenously-Activated Ultrasmall-in-Nano Therapeutics: Assessment on 3D Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1063. [PMID: 32344838 PMCID: PMC7281743 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative or positive HPV-associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) are high recurrence neoplasms usually resulting in a poor prognosis, mainly due to metastasis formation. Despite the low overall patient survival rate and the severe side effects, the treatment of choice is still cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Here, we report a straightforward protocol for the production of high throughput 3D models of negative or positive HPV-associated HNSCCs, together with their employment in the therapeutic evaluation of gold ultrasmall-in-nano architectures comprising an endogenously-activatable cisplatin prodrug. Beyond enhancing the biosafety of cisplatin, our approach paves the way for the establishment of synergistic co-therapies for HNSCCs based on excretable noble metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Santi
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
- NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Domenico Cassano
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
| | - Ylea Vlamidis
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro, 12-56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.K.M.); (D.C.); (Y.V.); (V.C.)
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44
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South AP, den Breems NY, Richa T, Nwagu U, Zhan T, Poojan S, Martinez-Outschoorn U, Johnson JM, Luginbuhl AJ, Curry JM. Mutation signature analysis identifies increased mutation caused by tobacco smoke associated DNA adducts in larynx squamous cell carcinoma compared with oral cavity and oropharynx. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19256. [PMID: 31848367 PMCID: PMC6917707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) arise from mucosal keratinocytes of the upper aero-digestive tract. Despite a common cell of origin and similar driver-gene mutations which divert cell fate from differentiation to proliferation, HNSCC are considered a heterogeneous group of tumors categorized by site of origin within the aero-digestive mucosa, and the presence or absence of HPV infection. Tobacco use is a major driver of carcinogenesis in HNSCC and is a poor prognosticator that has previously been associated with poor immune cell infiltration and higher mutation numbers. Here, we study patterns of mutations in HNSCC that are derived from the specific nucleotide changes and their surrounding nucleotide context (also known as mutation signatures). We identify that mutations linked to DNA adducts associated with tobacco smoke exposure are predominantly found in the larynx. Presence of this class of mutation, termed COSMIC signature 4, is responsible for the increased burden of mutation in this anatomical sub-site. In addition, we show that another mutation pattern, COSMIC signature 5, is positively associated with age in HNSCC from non-smokers and that larynx SCC from non-smokers have a greater number of signature 5 mutations compared with other HNSCC sub-sites. Immunohistochemistry demonstrates a significantly lower Ki-67 proliferation index in size matched larynx SCC compared with oral cavity SCC and oropharynx SCC. Collectively, these observations support a model where larynx SCC are characterized by slower growth and increased susceptibility to mutations from tobacco carcinogen DNA adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P South
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
- The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Research Center for Fibrotic Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA, 19107, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Nicoline Y den Breems
- Center for Advanced Computing (C-fACS), Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Tony Richa
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Uche Nwagu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Shiv Poojan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jennifer M Johnson
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Adam J Luginbuhl
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Joseph M Curry
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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45
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A panel of Transcription factors identified by data mining can predict the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:297. [PMID: 31787845 PMCID: PMC6858662 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcription factors (TFs) are responsible for the regulation of various activities related to cancer like cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. It is thought that, the measurement of TFs levels could assist in developing strategies for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer detection. However, due to lack of effective genome-wide tests, this cannot be carried out in clinical settings. Methods A complete assessment of RNA-seq data in samples of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was carried out. From the expression data of six TFs, a risk score model was developed and further validated in the GSE41613 and GSE65858 series. Potential functional roles were identified for the six TFs via gene set enrichment analysis. Results Based on our multi-TF signature, patients are stratified into high- and low-risk groups with significant variations in overall survival (OS) (median survival 2.416 vs. 5.934 years, log-rank test P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity evaluation of our multi-TF for 3-year OS in TCGA, GSE41613 and GSE65858 was 0.707, 0.679 and 0.605, respectively, demonstrating good reproducibility and robustness for predicting overall survival of HNSCC patients. Through multivariate Cox regression analyses (MCRA) and stratified analyses, we confirmed that the predictive capability of this risk score (RS) was not dependent on any of other factors like clinicopathological parameters. Conclusions With the help of a RS obtained from a panel of TFs expression signatures, effective OS prediction and stratification of HNSCC patients can be carried out.
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Misawa K, Yamada S, Mima M, Nakagawa T, Kurokawa T, Imai A, Mochizuki D, Morita K, Ishikawa R, Endo S, Misawa Y. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine and ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases in head and neck carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:5306-5314. [PMID: 31602281 PMCID: PMC6775623 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes are implicated in DNA demethylation through dioxygenase activity, which converts 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC). However, the specific roles of TET enzymes and 5-hmC levels in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have not yet been evaluated. In this study, we analyzed 5-hmC levels and TET mRNA expression in a well-characterized dataset of 117 matched pairs of HNSCC tissues and normal tissues. 5-hmC levels and TET mRNA expression were examined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. 5-hmC levels were evaluated according to various clinical characteristics and prognostic implications. Notably, we found that 5-hmC levels were significantly correlated with tumor stage (P = 0.032) and recurrence (P = 0.018). Univariate analysis revealed that low levels of 5-hmC were correlated with poor disease-free survival (DFS; log-rank test, P = 0.038). The expression of TET family genes was not associated with outcomes. In multivariate analysis, low levels of 5-hmC were evaluated as a significant independent prognostic factor of DFS (hazard ratio: 2.352, 95% confidence interval: 1.136-4.896; P = 0.021). Taken together, our findings showed that reduction of TET family gene expression and subsequent low levels of 5-hmC may affect the development of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Misawa
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamada
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Mima
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kurokawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Imai
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Daiki Mochizuki
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kotaro Morita
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryuji Ishikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shiori Endo
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuki Misawa
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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47
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Saidak Z, Pascual C, Bouaoud J, Galmiche L, Clatot F, Dakpé S, Page C, Galmiche A. A three-gene expression signature associated with positive surgical margins in tongue squamous cell carcinomas: Predicting surgical resectability from tumour biology? Oral Oncol 2019; 94:115-120. [PMID: 31178206 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Achieving complete tumour resection is one of the main goals of surgery for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumours. Whether biological characteristics of tumours contribute to the surgical resectability and the presence of positive surgical margins (SM) after resection of HNSCC is unclear. We aimed to address this issue. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to relate the SM status of 356 HNSCC tumours covering five major primary locations (tongue, larynx, tonsils, floor of mouth and buccal mucosa) with data from multiple omics approaches (transcriptomic, genomic and proteomic analyses). RESULTS We identified three differentially expressed genes whose expression was significantly associated with the presence of positive SM in tongue tumours (n = 144). The three genes (CCDC66, ZRANB2 and VCPKMT) displayed significantly higher mRNA levels in tongue tumours with positive SM compared to tumours with negative SM. The corresponding gene expression signature identified tongue tumours with a positive SM with high sensitivity and specificity (85% and 76%, respectively, Area Under the Curve (AUC) = 0.84). Tongue tumours with this signature were characterised by a high grade, elevated proliferation levels and a tumour stroma with fewer fibroblasts and endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Positive SM were found to be strikingly associated with tumour biology in tongue tumours. These findings offer interesting perspectives for biomarker identification and precision surgery in these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Saidak
- CHIMERE team, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Department of Molecular Oncobiology, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France.
| | - Caroline Pascual
- CHIMERE team, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Jebrane Bouaoud
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU Amiens, France; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, APHP, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Louise Galmiche
- Department of Pathology, APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Florian Clatot
- INSERM U1245/IRON Team, Rouen, France; Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphanie Dakpé
- CHIMERE team, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Cyril Page
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, CHU Amiens, France
| | - Antoine Galmiche
- CHIMERE team, EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; Department of Biochemistry, Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, France.
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Pluquet O, Galmiche A. Impact and Relevance of the Unfolded Protein Response in HNSCC. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112654. [PMID: 31151143 PMCID: PMC6601021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) encompass a heterogeneous group of solid tumors that arise from the upper aerodigestive tract. The tumor cells face multiple challenges including an acute demand of protein synthesis often driven by oncogene activation, limited nutrient and oxygen supply and exposure to chemo/radiotherapy, which forces them to develop adaptive mechanisms such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). It is now well documented that the UPR, a homeostatic mechanism, is induced at different stages of cancer progression in response to intrinsic (oncogenic activation) or extrinsic (microenvironment) perturbations. This review will discuss the role of the UPR in HNSCC as well as in the key processes that characterize the physiology of HNSCC. The role of the UPR in the clinical context of HNSCC will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pluquet
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Antoine Galmiche
- Service de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie Humaine (CBH), CHU Sud, 80054 Amiens, France.
- EA7516, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80054 Amiens, France.
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Rong C, Muller M, Flechtenmacher C, Holzinger D, Dyckhoff G, Bulut OC, Horn D, Plinkert P, Hess J, Affolter A. Differential Activation of ERK Signaling in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040584. [PMID: 31027243 PMCID: PMC6520790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) forms a distinct tumor entity with better survival clinical outcome. Numerous underlying molecular mechanisms have been postulated for differences in treatment response, but the impact of MEK/ERK signaling, a main driver of carcinogenesis in various cancers including OPSCC and key player mediating therapy resistance remains elusive. In a retrospective experimental cohort study, primary tumor samples from OPSCC patients (n = 124) were available on tissue microarrays (TMAs) and expression levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Correlations of pERK1/2 expression patterns with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome were evaluated by statistical analysis. A low pERK1/2 expression was strongly associated with HPV-related OPSCC, while primary tumors with high pERK1/2 staining showed a distinctly worse survival outcome and were associated with higher cellular differentiation. Co-activation of both ERK1/2 and AKT was a common event and was associated with unfavorable prognosis in our cohort. However, the combinatorial analysis of pAKT (Ser473) and pERK1/2 did not strengthen the predictive power of pERK1/2, suggesting that pERK1/2 plays a more significant function in OPSCC. In summary, our data provide a compelling experimental and statistical evidence that low levels of tumor cell intrinsic ERK1/2 activation contribute at least in part to the favorable outcome of HPV-related OPSCC. On the other hand, presented findings indicate that non-HPV-related OPSCC with elevated ERK phosphorylation are at high risk for treatment failure and might benefit from targeted therapy of MEK/ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Rong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marie Muller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christa Flechtenmacher
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Dana Holzinger
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Olcay Cem Bulut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, SLK Kliniken, Am Gesundbrunnen, 74078 Heilbronn, Germany.
| | - Dominik Horn
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Peter Plinkert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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50
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Vahabi M, Pulito C, Sacconi A, Donzelli S, D'Andrea M, Manciocco V, Pellini R, Paci P, Sanguineti G, Strigari L, Spriano G, Muti P, Pandolfi PP, Strano S, Safarian S, Ganci F, Blandino G. miR-96-5p targets PTEN expression affecting radio-chemosensitivity of HNSCC cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:141. [PMID: 30925916 PMCID: PMC6440033 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cancer worldwide. They are typically characterized by a high incidence of local recurrence, which is the most common cause of death in HNSCC patients. TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in HNSCC and patients carrying TP53 mutations are associated with a higher probability to develop local recurrence. MiRNAs, which are among the mediators of the oncogenic activity of mt-p53 protein, emerge as an appealing tool for screening, diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. We previously identified a signature of 12 miRNAs whose aberrant expression associated with TP53 mutations and was prognostic for HNSCC. Among them miR-96-5p emerges as an oncogenic miRNAs with prognostic significance in HNSCC. METHODS To evaluate the oncogenic role of miR-96-5p in a tumoral context, we performed colony formation, cell migration and cell viability assays in two HNSCC cell lines transfected for miR-96-5p mimic or inhibitor and treated with or without radio/chemo-therapy. In addition, to identify genes positively and negatively correlated to miR-96-5p expression in HNSCC, we analyzed the correlation between gene expression and miR-96-5p level in the subset of TCGA HNSCC tumors carrying missense TP53 mutations by Spearman and Pearson correlation. To finally identify targets of miR-96-5p, we used in silico analysis and the luciferase reporter assay to confirm PTEN as direct target. RESULTS Our data showed that overexpression of miR-96-5p led to increased cell migration and radio-resistance, chemotherapy resistance in HNSCC cells. In agreement with these results, among the most statistically significant pathways in which miR-96-5p is involved, are focal Adhesion, extracellular matrix organization and PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling pathway. As a direct target of miR-96-5p, we identified PTEN, the main negative regulator of PI3K-Akt signalling pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a new mechanism of chemo/radio-resistance insurgence in HNSCC cells and support the possibility that miR-96-5p expression could be used as a novel promising biomarker to predict radiotherapy response and local recurrence development in HNSCC patients. In addition, the identification of pathways in which miR-96-5p is involved could contribute to develop new therapeutic strategies to overcome radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.,Cell and Molecular Biology Department, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D'Andrea
- Unit of Radiotherapy, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Unit of Otolaryngology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Unit of Otolaryngology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy.,SysBio Centre for Systems Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Unit of Radiotherapy, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Shahrokh Safarian
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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