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Xu N, Wu Z, Pan J, Xu X, Wei Q. CAR-T cell therapy: Advances in digestive system malignant tumors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200872. [PMID: 39377038 PMCID: PMC11456800 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Malignant tumors of the digestive system have had a notoriously dismal prognosis throughout history. Immunotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy are the primary therapeutic approaches for digestive system cancers. The rate of recurrence and metastasis, nevertheless, remains elevated. As one of the immunotherapies, chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has demonstrated a promising antitumor effect in hematologic cancer. Despite undergoing numerous clinical trials, the ineffective antitumor effect and adverse effects of CAR-T cell therapy in the treatment of digestive system cancers continue to impede its clinical translation. It is necessary to surmount the restricted options for targeting proteins, the obstacles that impede CAR-T cell infiltration into solid tumors, and the limited survival time in vivo. We examined and summarized the developments, obstacles, and countermeasures associated with CAR-T therapy in digestive system cancers. Emphasis was placed on the regulatory functions of potential antigen targets, the tumor microenvironment, and immune evasion in CAR-T therapy. Thus, our analysis has furnished an all-encompassing comprehension of CAR-T cell therapy in digestive system cancers, which will generate tremendous enthusiasm for subsequent in-depth research into CAR-T-based therapies in digestive system cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhonglin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Kinugasa F, Kajikawa S, Weng J, Ugawa T, Fushiki H, Yamanaka Y, Nagata M, Haggerty G, Akuzawa S, Nakazawa T, Suzuki H, Sawamoto T. Effect of antiemetics on zolbetuximab-induced gastric injury and emesis in ferrets. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 156:161-170. [PMID: 39313274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Claudin-18 splice variant 2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction protein, is a highly cell type-specific antigen that is expressed by differentiated gastric mucosa cells. The expression of CLDN18.2 in gastric mucosa cells may be retained upon malignant transformation and is displayed on the surface of several tumors, including gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Zolbetuximab is a genetically engineered, highly purified chimeric (mouse/human IgG1) antibody directed against CLDN18.2. Nausea and vomiting were observed as adverse events of zolbetuximab. To investigate the mechanism of nausea and vomiting in humans, we evaluated emesis (retching and vomiting) and conducted histopathologic assessment in ferrets after the administration of zolbetuximab. Emesis was frequently observed in all ferrets treated with zolbetuximab in the first hour after administration. Histopathologic assessment revealed the surface of the gastric mucosa was the primary site of emesis-associated tissue damage. The effect of antiemetics (dexamethasone, ondansetron, fosaprepitant, and olanzapine) on emesis induced by zolbetuximab was investigated. Fosaprepitant showed suppressive effects on emesis, and use of dexamethasone or concomitant use of fosaprepitant with other antiemetics tended to alleviate gastric tissue damage. The onset of emesis in humans receiving zolbetuximab may be associated with damage in the gastric mucosa, and antiemetics may mitigate gastrointestinal adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Kinugasa
- Research Program Management - Applied Research Management, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Satoru Kajikawa
- Applied Safety - Non-clinical Regulatory Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jane Weng
- Research Program Management - Applied Research Management, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tohru Ugawa
- Regulatory Management - Non-clinical Regulatory Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fushiki
- Research Program Management - Applied Research Management, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamanaka
- Applied Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics - Non-clinical Regulatory Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masanori Nagata
- Biomarker Discovery & Development - Non-clinical Biomedical Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Gillian Haggerty
- Translational Science & Development Toxicology - Applied Safety, Astellas Pharma US, Inc., Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Shinobu Akuzawa
- Applied Pharmacology - Non-clinical Regulatory Science, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Applied Research Management, Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taiji Sawamoto
- Applied Research & Operations, Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Maeda K, Uehara T, Hosoda W, Kuraishi Y, Ota H. Expression profiles of cadherin 17 and claudin 18.2 in comparison with peptide hormonal expression in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: Implications for targeted immunotherapy. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155537. [PMID: 39178509 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Cadherin 17 (CDH17) and claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) are highly selective markers of intestinal and gastric lineages and are expressed in adenocarcinomas of various organs. They have also been identified as potential targets for immunotherapy. Expression of CDH17 and CLDN18.2 has been observed in a subset of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs). This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of CDH17 and CLDN18 in PanNETs in comparison with hormonal expression profiles to provide baseline data for determining candidate indications for targeted therapy with CDH17 and CLDN18.2 in PanNETs, including insulinomas (n = 22), glucagonomas (n = 13), gastrinomas (n = 3), serotoninomas (n = 2) and PanNETs not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 17). In the normal pancreas, CDH17 was expressed in the lateral membrane of ducts and some islet cells, whereas CLDN18 was occasionally expressed in the intercalated ducts and centroacinar cells. In PanNETs, CDH17 and CLDN18 was detected by membranous staining. CDH17 expression was observed in 10 to 17 (58.8 %) PanNETs NOS, 3 of 13 (23.1 %) glucagonomas, 1 of 3 (33.3 %,) gastrinomas, 1 of 2 (50 %) serotoninomas, and none of the insulinomas. According to predefined criteria, 7 of 17 (41.2 %) PanNETs NOS, 1 of 3 (33.3 %) gastrinomas, and 1 of 2 (50 %) serotoninomas were classified as CDH17-positive. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological features between CDH17-positive and CDH17-negative PanNETs, except for a higher tumour grade in the former (p<0.05). For CLDN18, expression was noted in 2 out of 3 (66.7 %) gastrinomas, one with focal staining and the other with diffuse staining. One of three (33.3 %) gastrinomas was classified as CLDN18-positive using predefined criteria. These findings suggest that a particular subset of PanNETs, including PanNET NOS, gastrinoma, and serotoninoma, may be potential candidates for CDH17-targeted immunotherapy. Additionally, gastrinoma may be a potential candidate for immunotherapy targeting CLDN18.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahoko Maeda
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Waki Hosoda
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan.
| | | | - Hiroyoshi Ota
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan; Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto, Japan.
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Du F, Xie Y, Wu S, Ji M, Dong B, Zhu C. Expression and Targeted Application of Claudins Family in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:1801-1821. [PMID: 39345937 PMCID: PMC11439345 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s483861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases are becoming increasingly common worldwide and associated cancers are prone to recurrence and metastasis. For a more accurate treatment, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The claudins (CLDN) family comprises a class of membrane proteins that are the main components of tight junctions, and are essential for forming intercellular barriers and maintaining cellular polarity. In mammals, the claudin family contains at least 27 transmembrane proteins and plays a major role in mediating cell adhesion and paracellular permeability. Multiple claudin proteins are altered in various cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer (EC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic cancer (PC), colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC). An increasing number of studies have shown that claudins are closely associated with the occurrence and development of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Interestingly, claudin proteins exhibit different effects on cancer progression in different tumor tissues, including tumor suppression and promotion. In addition, various claudin proteins are currently being studied as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets, including claudin-3, claudin-4, claudin-18.2, etc. In this article, the functional phenotype, molecular mechanism, and targeted application of the claudin family in hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases are reviewed, with an emphasis on claudin-1, claudin-4, claudin-7 and claudin-18.2, and the current situation and future prospects are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqian Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengze Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengling Ji
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Bingzi Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhan Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Li W, Wei J, Cheng M, Liu M. Unveiling promising targets in gastric cancer therapy: A comprehensive review. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200857. [PMID: 39280587 PMCID: PMC11396074 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) poses a significant global health challenge, ranking fifth in incidence and third in mortality among all malignancies worldwide. Its insidious onset, aggressive growth, proclivity for metastasis, and limited treatment options have contributed to its high fatality rate. Traditional approaches for GC treatment primarily involve surgery and chemotherapy. However, there is growing interest in targeted therapies and immunotherapies. This comprehensive review highlights recent advancements in GC targeted therapy and immunotherapy. It delves into the mechanisms of various strategies, underscoring their potential in GC treatment. Additionally, the review evaluates the efficacy and safety of relevant clinical trials. Despite the benefits observed in numerous advanced GC patients with targeted therapies and immunotherapies, challenges persist. We discuss pertinent strategies to overcome these challenges, thereby providing a solid foundation for enhancing the clinical effectiveness of targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Li
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Mo Cheng
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Gastric Cancer Center/Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
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Lyu SI, Fretter C, Simon AG, Spielmann SM, Damanakis AI, Zhao Y, Bruns CJ, Schmidt T, Popp FC, Waldschmidt D, Quaas A, Knipper K. Extent and clinical significance of the therapy-relevant tight junction protein Claudin 18.2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma - real-world evidence. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102044. [PMID: 38917592 PMCID: PMC11255103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis, wherefore targeted therapies have experienced increasing interest. Zolbetuximab is a novel targeted therapy under investigation in patients with PDAC and targets Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), which is a component of tight junctions and is of significance in various solid tumors. As its role in PDAC is not definitively elucidated, this study aims to clarify the significance of CLDN18.2 expression in PDAC in a real-world setting. METHODS All patients (n = 309) were recruited at one of the PANCALYZE study centers and received pancreatic resection with curative intention. Paraffin samples were analyzed using an antibody against CLDN18.2, which is known to be comparable to the antibody used by the SPOTLIGHT and GLOW studies. RESULTS 94 PDACs are positive for CLDN18.2 (30.4 %). Positive CLDN 18.2 expression was associated with significantly better cancer differentiation (p < 0.001). Patients with positive CLDN18.2 expression showed significantly better overall survival when compared to patients with negative expression (median OS: 30 versus 18 months, p = 0.003). Additionally, in multivariable analyses, CLDN18.2 expression was identified as an independent factor for better survival in patients with PDAC (HR = 0.686, 95 %CI = 0.492-0.956, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION Significant improvement in survival could be demonstrated by adding Zolbetuximab to known chemotherapy regimes in patients with gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma with at least 75 % CLDN18.2 positive cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate, that 30.4 % of the included patients with PDAC would potentially be eligible for therapy with Zolbetuximab in a real-world patient cohort. Results of trials targeting Claudin 18.2 are pending in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ir Lyu
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Caroline Fretter
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adrian Georg Simon
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah-Michele Spielmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander I Damanakis
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix C Popp
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Waldschmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Knipper
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Theocharopoulos C, Ziogas IA, Douligeris CC, Efstathiou A, Kolorizos E, Ziogas DC, Kontis E. Antibody-drug conjugates for hepato-pancreato-biliary malignancies: "Magic bullets" to the rescue? Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 129:102806. [PMID: 39094332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) malignancies constitute a highly aggressive group of cancers that have a dismal prognosis. Patients not amenable to curative intent surgical resection are managed with systemic chemotherapy which, however, confers little survival benefit. Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are tripartite compounds that merge the intricate selectivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the cytodestructive potency of attached supertoxic payloads. In view of the unmet need for drugs that will enhance the survival rates of HPB cancer patients, the assessment of ADCs for treating HPB malignancies has become the focus of extensive clinical and preclinical investigation, showing encouraging preliminary results. In the current review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the growing body of evidence on ADC approaches tested for HPB malignancies. Starting from a concise discussion of the functional principles of ADCs, we summarize here all available data from preclinical and clinical studies evaluating ADCs in HPB cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis A Ziogas
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Elissaios Kontis
- Department of Surgery, Metaxa Cancer Hospital, Piraeus 18537, Greece
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Keam SJ. Zolbetuximab: First Approval. Drugs 2024; 84:977-983. [PMID: 38967717 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Zolbetuximab (VYLOY™), a recombinant, chimeric, anti-claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) monoclonal antibody (mAb), is being developed by Astellas Pharma Inc. for the treatment of patients with HER2-negative (HER2-), CLDN18.2-positive (CLDN18.2+) advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma and CLDN18.2+ advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In March 2024, zolbetuximab was approved in Japan for the treatment of patients with HER2-, CLDN18.2+ unresectable, advanced/recurrent gastric cancer (the gastric cancer indication includes GEJ cancer). Zolbetuximab is also undergoing regulatory review for HER2-, CLDN18.2+ advanced gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma in the USA, the EU, China, Australia and several other countries. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of zolbetuximab leading to this first approval for the treatment of patients with CLDN18.2+ gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Keam
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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Yang J, Peng Y, Ding Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu C. The Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Endocervical Gastric-Type Adenocarcinoma and the Use of Claudin18.2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100569. [PMID: 39025403 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Endocervical gastric-type adenocarcinoma (GAS) is an aggressive type of endocervical mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized as being unrelated to human papillomavirus (HPV) and resistant to chemo/radiotherapy. In this study, we investigated the histology, immunohistochemistry patterns, and molecular characteristics in a large cohort of GAS (n = 62). Histologically, the majority of GAS cases exhibited a distinct morphology resembling gastric glands, although 2 exceptional cases exhibited HPV-associated adenocarcinoma morphology while retaining the characteristic histology of GAS at the invasive front. By immunohistochemistry, Claudin18.2 emerged as a highly sensitive and specific marker for GAS. Additionally, the strong expression of Claudin18.2 in patients with GAS indicated the potential of anti-Claudin18.2 therapy in the treatment of GAS. Other immunohistochemistry markers, including Muc6, p16, p53, Pax8, ER, and PR, may provide additional diagnostic clues for GAS. Quantitative methylation analysis revealed that the overexpression of Claudin18.2 in GAS was governed by the hypomethylation of the CLDN18.2 promoter CpG islands. To further elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of GAS and its relationship with gastric adenocarcinoma, we performed whole exome sequencing on 11 GAS and 9 gastric adenocarcinomas. TP53, CDKN2A, STK11, and TTN emerged as the most frequently mutated genes in GAS. Mutations in these genes primarily affected cell growth, cell cycle regulation, senescence, and apoptosis. Intriguingly, these top mutated genes in GAS were also commonly mutated in gastric and pancreaticobiliary adenocarcinomas. Regarding germline variants, we identified a probably pathogenic variant in SPINK1, a gene linked to hereditary pancreatic cancer syndrome, in one GAS sample. This finding suggests a potential pathogenic link between pancreatic cancers and GAS. Overall, GAS exhibits molecular characteristics that resemble those observed in gastric and pancreaticobiliary adenocarcinomas, thereby lending support to the aggressive nature of GAS compared with HPV-associated adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Fourth Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Congrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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10
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Qi C, Zhang P, Liu C, Zhang J, Zhou J, Yuan J, Liu D, Zhang M, Gong J, Wang X, Li J, Zhang X, Li N, Peng X, Liu Z, Yuan D, Baffa R, Wang Y, Shen L. Safety and Efficacy of CT041 in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Two Early-Phase Trials. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2565-2577. [PMID: 38788174 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE CT041 is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T-cell therapy that specifically targets claudin18.2 in solid tumors. Here, we report the pooled analysis results of two exploratory clinical trials to evaluate CT041 in patients with previously treated pancreatic cancer (PC). PATIENTS AND METHODS These two multicenter, open-label phase I/Ib trials (CT041-CG4006, CT041-ST-01) have a similar target population and evaluation schedule. The primary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of CT041, whereas secondary objectives included efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. RESULTS The combined cohort comprised 24 patients with advanced PC. Among them, five patients (20.8%) had previously received one line of therapy, whereas 19 (79.2%) received ≥2 lines of therapy. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events of grade 3 or more were preconditioning-related hematologic toxicities. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and GI disorders were most reported grade 1 or 2 adverse events. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 16.7% and 70.8%. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) after infusion was 3.3 months (95% CI, 1.8 to 6.2), and the median overall survival (mOS) was 10.0 months (95% CI, 5.5 to 17.6). The median duration of response (mDoR)was 9.5 months (95% CI, 2.6 to Not reached), with a DoR rate at 12 months of 50% (95% CI, 5.8 to 84.5). The mPFS (6.0 v 1.0 months, P < .001) and mOS (17.6 v 4.0 months, P < .001) were prolonged in patients achieving partial response/stable disease than the progressive disease group. CA19-9 levels had reduced by at least 30% in 17 (70.8%) patients. CONCLUSION In patients with metastatic PC after progression on previous therapy, CT041 demonstrated a tolerable safety profile and encouraging anticancer efficacy signals. Response benefit observed here needs to be ascertained in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jifang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Zhen Liu
- CARsgen Therapeutics Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Yumeng Wang
- CARsgen Therapeutics Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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11
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Jin WM, Zhu Y, Cai ZQ, He N, Yu ZQ, Li S, Yang JY. Progress of Clinical Studies Targeting Claudin18.2 for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2631-2647. [PMID: 38769225 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Claudin18.2 is a tight junction protein, highly selective, generally expressed only in normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells, which can effectively maintain the polarity of epithelial and endothelial cells, thus effectively regulating the permeability and conductance of the paracellular pathway. Abnormal expression of Claudin18.2 can occur in various primary malignant tumors, especially gastrointestinal tumors, and even in metastatic foci. It regulates its expression by activating the aPKC/MAPK/AP-1 pathway, and therefore, the Claudin18.2 protein is a pan-cancer target expressed in primary and metastatic lesions in human cancer types. Zolbetuximab (IMAB362), an antibody specific for Claudin18.2, has been successfully tested in a phase III clinical trial, and the results of the study showed that combining Zolbetuximab with chemotherapy notably extends patients' survival and is expected to be a potential first-line treatment for patients with Claudin18.2(+)/HER-2(-) gastric cancer. Here, we systematically describe the biological properties and oncogenic effects of Claudin18.2, centering on its clinical-pathological aspects and the progress of drug studies in gastric cancer, which can help to further explore its clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Mei Jin
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cai
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na He
- Department of General, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiong Yu
- Department of Respiratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yuan Yang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, People's Republic of China.
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12
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De Sanctis F, Dusi S, Caligola S, Anselmi C, Petrova V, Rossi B, Angelini G, Erdeljan M, Wöll S, Schlitter AM, Metzler T, Steiger K, Borok Z, Bailey P, Bauer A, Halin C, Boschi F, Giugno R, Canè S, Lawlor R, Corbo V, Scarpa A, Constantin G, Ugel S, Vascotto F, Sahin U, Türeci Ö, Bronte V. Expression of the membrane tetraspanin claudin 18 on cancer cells promotes T lymphocyte infiltration and antitumor immunity in pancreatic cancer. Immunity 2024; 57:1378-1393.e14. [PMID: 38749447 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Tumors weakly infiltrated by T lymphocytes poorly respond to immunotherapy. We aimed to unveil malignancy-associated programs regulating T cell entrance, arrest, and activation in the tumor environment. Differential expression of cell adhesion and tissue architecture programs, particularly the presence of the membrane tetraspanin claudin (CLDN)18 as a signature gene, demarcated immune-infiltrated from immune-depleted mouse pancreatic tumors. In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-small cell lung cancer, CLDN18 expression positively correlated with more differentiated histology and favorable prognosis. CLDN18 on the cell surface promoted accrual of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), facilitating direct CTL contacts with tumor cells by driving the mobilization of the adhesion protein ALCAM to the lipid rafts of the tumor cell membrane through actin. This process favored the formation of robust immunological synapses (ISs) between CTLs and CLDN18-positive cancer cells, resulting in increased T cell activation. Our data reveal an immune role for CLDN18 in orchestrating T cell infiltration and shaping the tumor immune contexture.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Mice
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Claudins/metabolism
- Claudins/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Immunological Synapses/metabolism
- Immunological Synapses/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Membrane Microdomains/metabolism
- Membrane Microdomains/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Sanctis
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Dusi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Anselmi
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Varvara Petrova
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelini
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michael Erdeljan
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Wöll
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Melissa Schlitter
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, TUM, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Metzler
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zea Borok
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Aline Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania Canè
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Rita Lawlor
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-Net Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; The Center for Biomedical Computing (CBMC), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Ugel
- Section of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ugur Sahin
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Özlem Türeci
- Biopharmaceutical New Technologies (BioNTech) Corporation, Mainz, Germany; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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13
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Nakayama I, Qi C, Chen Y, Nakamura Y, Shen L, Shitara K. Claudin 18.2 as a novel therapeutic target. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:354-369. [PMID: 38503878 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Claudin 18.2, a tight-junction molecule predominantly found in the nonmalignant gastric epithelium, becomes accessible on the tumour cell surface during malignant transformation, thereby providing an appealing target for cancer therapy. Data from two phase III trials testing the anti-claudin 18.2 antibody zolbetuximab have established claudin 18.2-positive advanced-stage gastric cancers as an independent therapeutic subset that derives benefit from the addition of this agent to chemotherapy. This development has substantially increased the percentage of patients eligible for targeted therapy. Furthermore, newer treatments, such as high-affinity monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells and antibody-drug conjugates capable of bystander killing effects, have shown considerable promise in patients with claudin 18.2-expressing gastric cancers. This new development has resulted from drug developers moving beyond traditional targets, such as driver gene alterations or growth factors. In this Review, we highlight the biological rationale and explore the clinical activity of therapies that target claudin 18.2 in patients with advanced-stage gastric cancer and explore the potential for expansion of claudin 18.2-targeted therapies to patients with other claudin 18.2-positive solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuma Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Changsong Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- Translational Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- International Research Promotion Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
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14
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Jiang K, Cao F, Yin L, Hu Y, Zhao X, Huang X, Ma X, Li J, Lu M, Sun Y. Claudin 18.2 expression in digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms: a clinicopathological study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1251-1260. [PMID: 38060154 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claudin 18.2-targeted therapy has shown significant efficacy in treating claudin 18.2-positive cancers. However, limited systematic studies have investigated characteristics of claudin 18.2 expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). METHODS Data and specimens from 403 cases of digestive NENs were retrospectively collected, and claudin 18.2 expression was detected using immunochemical staining. RESULTS Claudin 18.2 was positive in 19.6% (79/403) of the digestive NENs. The highest positive rate of claudin 18.2 was observed in gastric NENs (72/259, 27.8%), accounting for 91.1% (72/79) of all positive cases. The positivity rate was significantly higher in gastric NENs compared to pancreatic (2/78, 2.6%) or colorectal NENs (2/38, 5.3%; p < 0.05). For digestive NENs, claudin 18.2 positivity was significantly higher in neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) (37/144, 25.7%) than in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs; 14/160, 8.8%; p < 0.001), but no significant difference was found between gastric NECs (59/213, 27.7%) and gastric NETs (13/46, 28.3%; p > 0.05). The positivity was significantly higher in large-cell NECs (LCNECs; 28/79, 35.4%) and MiNEN (mixed neuroendocrine-non- neuroendocrine neoplasms)-LCNECs (23/66, 34.8%) compared to small-cell NECs (SCNECs; 9/65, 13.8%) and MiNEN-SCNECs (5/33, 15.2%; p < 0.05). Claudin 18.2 expression was more prevalent in gastric NENs than in pancreatic (12.5 ×; p = 0.001) and colorectal NENs (5.9 ×; p = 0.021). Claudin 18.2 staining was a useful method for identify the gastric origins of NETs, with a sensitivity of 28.3% and a specificity of 99.1%. CONCLUSION The expression characteristics of claudin 18.2 in NENs were characterized, which may provide a clinicopathological reference for targeted therapies in patients with NENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - F Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - L Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Y Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - X Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - X Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - X Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - J Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - M Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Y Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
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15
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Xu Q, Jia C, Ou Y, Zeng C, Jia Y. Dark horse target Claudin18.2 opens new battlefield for pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1371421. [PMID: 38511141 PMCID: PMC10951399 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1371421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignant tumors, which is a serious threat to human health and life, and it is expected that pancreatic cancer may be the second leading cause of cancer death in developed countries by 2030. Claudin18.2 is a tight junction protein expressed in normal gastric mucosal tissues, which is involved in the formation of tight junctions between cells and affects the permeability of paracellular cells. Claudin18.2 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and is associated with the initiation, progression, metastasis and prognosis of cancer, so it is considered a potential therapeutic target. Up to now, a number of clinical trials for Claudin18.2 are underway, including solid tumors such as pancreatic cancers and gastric cancers, and the results of these trials have not yet been officially announced. This manuscript briefly describes the Claudia protein, the dual roles of Cluadin18 in cancers, and summarizes the ongoing clinical trials targeting Claudin18.2 with a view to integrating the research progress of Claudin18.2 targeted therapy. In addition, this manuscript introduces the clinical research progress of Claudin18.2 positive pancreatic cancer, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, CAR-T cell therapy, and hope to provide feasible ideas for the clinical treatment of Claudin18.2 positive pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Caiyan Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Ou
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuanxiu Zeng
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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16
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Zhong G, Zhang X, Guo Z, Gao Y, Zhao B, Liu X, Chen L, Qiao J, Yu C, Wang L, Li Y, Yu L. Complete remission of advanced pancreatic cancer induced by claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy: a case report. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325860. [PMID: 38487523 PMCID: PMC10937427 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors in digestive system due to its highly invasive and metastatic properties. At present, conventional treatment strategies for PC show the limited clinical efficacy. Therefore, novel effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Here, we report a case of complete remission of advanced PC induced by claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy. The patient was a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 2 years ago, and he experienced tumor recurrence and multiple metastases after pancreaticoduodenectomy and multi-line chemotherapies, including liver, peritoneum, and cervical lymph node metastases. Then, the patient was referred to our department for further treatment of metastatic PC, and he was enrolled in a clinical trial of claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy. After lymphodepleting chemotherapy, the patient received claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell infusion at a dose of 1.2 × 106 cells/kg on November 21, 2022. During CAR-T cell therapy, the patient experienced grade 2 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and gastric mucosa injury, which were controlled by tocilizumab and conventional symptomatic and supportive treatment. The patient achieved a complete response (CR) 1 month after claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy, and remained in clinical remission for 8 months. Unfortunately, the patient experienced claudin18.2-negative relapse in July, 2023. Despite antigen-negative relapse after claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell infusion, the patient achieved sustained remission for 8 months, which indicates that claudin18.2-targeted CAR-T cell therapy is an extremely effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of advanced PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Zhong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bochen Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianhao Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingqiao Qiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- R&D Department, Shenzhen Haoshi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Biomedical Laboratory, Shenzhen University-Haoshi Cell Therapy Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yisheng Li
- R&D Department, Shenzhen Haoshi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Biomedical Laboratory, Shenzhen University-Haoshi Cell Therapy Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Biomedical Laboratory, Shenzhen University-Haoshi Cell Therapy Institute, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Mathias-Machado MC, de Jesus VHF, Jácome A, Donadio MD, Aruquipa MPS, Fogacci J, Cunha RG, da Silva LM, Peixoto RD. Claudin 18.2 as a New Biomarker in Gastric Cancer-What Should We Know? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:679. [PMID: 38339430 PMCID: PMC10854563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a formidable global health challenge, ranking among the top-five causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The majority of patients face advanced stages at diagnosis, with a mere 6% five-year survival rate. First-line treatment for metastatic GC typically involves a fluoropyrimidine and platinum agent combination; yet, predictive molecular markers have proven elusive. This review navigates the evolving landscape of GC biomarkers, with a specific focus on Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) as an emerging and promising target. Recent phase III trials have unveiled the efficacy of Zolbetuximab, a CLDN18.2-targeting antibody, in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for CLDN18.2-positive metastatic GC. As this novel therapeutic avenue unfolds, understanding the nuanced decision making regarding the selection of anti-CLDN18.2 therapies over other targeted agents in metastatic GC becomes crucial. This manuscript reviews the evolving role of CLDN18.2 as a biomarker in GC and explores the current status of CLDN18.2-targeting agents in clinical development. The aim is to provide concise insights into the potential of CLDN18.2 as a therapeutic target and guide future clinical decisions in the management of metastatic GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cecília Mathias-Machado
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, São Paulo 04538-132, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (M.P.S.A.); (R.D.P.)
| | | | - Alexandre Jácome
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, Belo Horizonte 30360-680, Brazil;
| | - Mauro Daniel Donadio
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, São Paulo 04538-132, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (M.P.S.A.); (R.D.P.)
| | | | - João Fogacci
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, Rio de Janeiro 22775-003, Brazil;
| | - Renato Guerino Cunha
- Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology, Oncoclínicas, São Paulo 04538-132, Brazil;
| | | | - Renata D’Alpino Peixoto
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Oncoclínicas, São Paulo 04538-132, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (M.P.S.A.); (R.D.P.)
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18
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Vonniessen B, Tabariès S, Siegel PM. Antibody-mediated targeting of Claudins in cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1320766. [PMID: 38371623 PMCID: PMC10869466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1320766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are large intercellular adhesion complexes that maintain cell polarity in normal epithelia and endothelia. Claudins are critical components of TJs, forming homo- and heteromeric interaction between adjacent cells, which have emerged as key functional modulators of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Numerous epithelial-derived cancers display altered claudin expression patterns, and these aberrantly expressed claudins have been shown to regulate cancer cell proliferation/growth, metabolism, metastasis and cell stemness. Certain claudins can now be used as biomarkers to predict patient prognosis in a variety of solid cancers. Our understanding of the distinct roles played by claudins during the cancer progression has progressed significantly over the last decade and claudins are now being investigated as possible diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the use of antibody-based or related strategies for targeting claudins in cancer treatment. We first describe pre-clinical studies that have facilitated the development of neutralizing antibodies and antibody-drug-conjugates targeting Claudins (Claudins-1, -3, -4, -6 and 18.2). Next, we summarize clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antibodies targeting Claudin-6 or Claudin-18.2. Finally, emerging strategies for targeting Claudins, including Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and Bi-specific T cell engagers (BiTEs), are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Vonniessen
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter M. Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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19
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Okuyama R. mRNA and Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Platforms Utilized in COVID-19 Vaccines: Technologies, Ecosystem, and Future Directions. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1737. [PMID: 38140142 PMCID: PMC10748114 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
New technological platforms, such as mRNA and adenoviral vector vaccines, have been utilized to develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. These new modalities enable rapid and flexible vaccine design and cost-effective and swift manufacturing, effectively combating pandemics caused by mutating viruses. Innovation ecosystems, including universities, startups, investors, and governments are crucial for developing these cutting-edge technologies. This review summarizes the research and development trajectory of these vaccine technologies, their investments, and the support surrounding them, in addition to the technological details of each technology. In addition, this study examines the importance of an innovation ecosystem in developing novel technologies, comparing it with the case of Japan, which has lagged behind in COVID-19 vaccine development. It also explores the direction of vaccine development in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Okuyama
- College of International Management, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu 874-8577, Japan
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20
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Tao D, Guan B, Li H, Zhou C. Expression patterns of claudins in cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21338. [PMID: 37954388 PMCID: PMC10637965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins are four-transmembrane proteins, which were found in tight junctions. They maintain cell barriers and regulate cell differentiation and proliferation. They are involved in maintaining cellular polarity and normal functions. Different claudins show different expression patterns. The expression level and localization of claudins are altered in various cancers. They promote or inhibit proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells through multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, claudins may serve as diagnostic markers, novel therapeutic targets, and prognostic risk factors. The important roles of claudins in cancer aroused our great interest. In the present review, we provide a summary of insights into expression patterns of claudins in cancer, which is more comprehensive and provides new ideas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyu Tao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bingxin Guan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chengjun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
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21
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Sun R, Sun Y, Wu C, Liu Y, Zhou M, Dong Y, Du G, Luo H, Shi B, Jiang H, Li Z. CXCR4-modified CAR-T cells suppresses MDSCs recruitment via STAT3/NF-κB/SDF-1α axis to enhance efficacy against pancreatic cancer. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3193-3209. [PMID: 37735875 PMCID: PMC10638076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cells displayed limited efficacy in CLDN18.2-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Strategies are needed to improve the trafficking capacity of CLDN18.2-specific CAR-T cells. PDAC has a unique microenvironment that consists of abundant cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which could secrete stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), the ligand of CXCR4. Then, we constructed and explored CLDN18.2-targeted CAR-T cells with CXCR4 co-expression in treating immunocompetent mouse models of PDAC. The results indicated that CXCR4 could promote the infiltration of CAR-T cells and enhance their efficacy in vivo. Mechanistically, the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling was impaired in CXCR4 CAR-T cells, which reduced the release of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-17A. Then, the lower release of inflammatory factors suppressed SDF-1α secretion in CAFs via the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. Therefore, the decreased secretion of SDF-1α in feedback decreased the migration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor sites. Overall, our study demonstrated that CXCR4 CAR-T cells could traffic more into tumor sites and also suppress MDSC migration via the STAT3/NF-κB/SDF-1α axis to obtain better efficacy in treating CLDN18.2-positive pancreatic cancer. Our findings provide a theoretical rationale for CXCR4 CAR-T cell therapy in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yansha Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuanlong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxiu Du
- CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai 200032, China.
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22
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Bähr-Mahmud H, Ellinghaus U, Stadler CR, Fischer L, Lindemann C, Chaturvedi A, Diekmann J, Wöll S, Biermann I, Hebich B, Scharf C, Siefke M, Roth AS, Rao M, Brettschneider K, Ewen EM, Şahin U, Türeci Ö. Preclinical characterization of an mRNA-encoded anti-Claudin 18.2 antibody. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2255041. [PMID: 37860278 PMCID: PMC10583639 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2255041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMAB362/Zolbetuximab, a first-in-class IgG1 antibody directed against the cancer-associated gastric-lineage marker CLDN18.2, has recently been reported to have met its primary endpoint in two phase 3 trials as a first-line treatment in combination with standard of care chemotherapy in CLDN18.2-positive Her2 negative advanced gastric cancer. Here we characterize the preclinical pharmacology of BNT141, a nucleoside-modified RNA therapeutic encoding the sequence of IMAB362/Zolbetuximab, formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) for liver uptake. We show that the mRNA-encoded antibody displays a stable pharmacokinetic profile in preclinical animal models, mediates CLDN18.2-restricted cytotoxicity comparable to IMAB362 recombinant protein and inhibits human tumor xenograft growth in immunocompromised mice. BNT141 administration did not perpetrate mortality, clinical signs of toxicity, or gastric pathology in animal studies. A phase 1/2 clinical trial with BNT141 mRNA-LNP has been initiated in advanced CLDN18.2-expressing solid cancers (NCT04683939).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Uğur Şahin
- BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany
- TRON gGmbH–Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Özlem Türeci
- BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany
- HI-TRON (Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology) Mainz by DKFZ, Mainz, Germany
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23
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Gao H, Ji K, Bao L, Chen H, Lin C, Feng M, Tao L, Wang M. Establishment and verification of prediction model of occult peritoneal metastasis in advanced gastric cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:320. [PMID: 37833730 PMCID: PMC10571475 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03188-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the risk factors associated with the development of occult peritoneal metastasis in advanced gastric cancer, and establish and externally validate a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of occult peritoneal metastasis in patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 111 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic exploration or peritoneal lavage cytology examination at the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from August 2014 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients diagnosed between 2019 and 2021 were assigned to the training set (n = 64), while those diagnosed between 2014 and 2016 constituted the external validation set (n = 47). In the training set, patients were classified into two groups based on preoperative imaging and postoperative pathological data: the occult peritoneal metastasis group (OPMG) and the peritoneal metastasis negative group (PMNG). In the validation set, patients were classified into the occult peritoneal metastasis group (CY1P0, OPMG) and the peritoneal metastasis negative group (CY0P0, PMNG) based on peritoneal lavage cytology results. A nomogram was constructed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated using Harrell's C-index, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration plots. RESULTS This study analyzed 22 potential variables of OPM in 111 gastric cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic exploration or peritoneal lavage cytology examination. Logistic regression analysis results showed that Lauren classification, CLDN18.2 score and CA125 were independent risk factors for OPM in patients with gastric cancer. We developed a simple and easy-to-use prediction nomogram of occult peritoneal metastasis in advanced gastric cancer. This nomogram had an excellent diagnostic performance. The AUC of the bootstrap model in the training set was 0.771 and in the validation set was 0.711. This model showed a good fitting and calibration and positive net benefits in decision curve analysis. CONCLUSION We have developed a prediction nomogram of OPM for gastric cancer. This novel nomogram has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy for occult peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfei Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangkang Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, China
| | - Linsen Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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24
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Liu S, Li F, Deng L, Ma Q, Lu W, Zhao Z, Liu H, Zhou Y, Hu M, Wang H, Yan Y, Zhao M, Zhang H, Du M. Claudin18.2 bispecific T cell engager armed oncolytic virus enhances antitumor effects against pancreatic cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 30:275-285. [PMID: 37701851 PMCID: PMC10493249 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) represent a promising immunotherapy, but their efficacy against immunologically cold tumors such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains unclear. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can transform the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment into the active state and also serve as transgene vectors to selectively express the desired genes in tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate whether the therapeutic benefits of tumor-targeting Claudin18.2 BiTE can be augmented by combining cancer selectively and immune-potentiating effects of OVs. Claudin18.2/CD3 BiTE was inserted into herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to construct an OV-BiTE. Its expression and function were assessed using reporter cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) co-culture assays. Intratumoral application of OV-BiTE restrained tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival compared with the unarmed OV in xenograft models and syngeneic mice bearing CLDN18.2-expressing KPC or Pan02 pancreatic cancer cells. Flow cytometry of tumor-infiltrating immune cells suggested both OV-BiTE and the unarmed OV remodeled the tumor microenvironment by increasing CD4+ T cell infiltration and decreasing regulatory T cells. OV-BiTE further reprogrammed macrophages to a more pro-inflammatory antitumor state, and OV-BiTE-induced macrophages exhibited greater cytotoxicity on the co-cultured tumor cell. This dual cytotoxic and immunomodulatory approach warrants further development for pancreatic cancer before clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Li Deng
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qiongqiong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Wenyi Lu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhuoqian Zhao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Huanzhen Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yixuan Zhou
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Manli Hu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yingbin Yan
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Mingfeng Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongkai Zhang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited and CNBG-Nankai University Joint Research and Development Center, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Mingjuan Du
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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25
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Park S, Shin K, Kim IH, Hong T, Kim Y, Suh J, Lee M. Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients with Claudin-18 Overexpression. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5394. [PMID: 37629433 PMCID: PMC10455540 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2) is specifically expressed in pancreatic precancerous lesions and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We assessed the clinical characteristics of patients with CLDN18.2-overexpressing pancreatic cancer to identify patients who might benefit from CLDN18-targeted treatment. A total of 130 patients with surgically resected PDAC were investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of claudin-18 (CLDN18). The CLDN18 staining intensities (0-3+) and relative proportion of positive tumor cells were analyzed by two independent raters. Tumors positive for CLDN18 expression were defined as ≥80% of tumor cells with 2+ or 3+ staining intensity in a CLDN18 immunohistochemical assay. Positive CLDN18 expression was present in 41/130 (31.5%) surgically resected PDACs and the relative proportion of positive tumor cells and the staining intensity were directly correlated (p < 0.001). Positive CLDN18 expression was significantly associated with well-differentiated tumors (p < 0.001) and less regional node involvement (p = 0.045). The positive CLDN18-expressing group showed no statistical difference in median overall survival (17.4 months vs. 20.6 months, p = 0.770) compared to the negative CLDN18-expressing group. Distant nodal metastasis was more frequent in the positive CLDN18-expressing group (p = 0.011). CLDN18 is frequently expressed in PDAC, and high CLDN18-expressing PDACs showed some different clinicopathologic characteristics. High CLDN18 expression was not associated with prognosis in patients with surgically resected PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejun Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.S.); (I.-H.K.)
| | - Kabsoo Shin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.S.); (I.-H.K.)
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.S.); (I.-H.K.)
| | - Taeho Hong
- Department of General Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jahee Suh
- Department of Pathology, National Medical Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myungah Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (K.S.); (I.-H.K.)
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26
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Takasawa A, Takasawa K, Murata M, Osanai M, Sawada N. Emerging roles of transmembrane-type tight junction proteins in cancers. Pathol Int 2023; 73:331-340. [PMID: 37449777 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are the most apical components of the cell-cell adhesion machinery in epithelial and endothelial cells and they play essential roles in homeostasis. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) is frequently observed in various type of cancers. Here we review cancer-associated aberrant expression of TJPs with focus on transmembrane-type TJPs including claudins, junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), and occludin. Some transmembrane-type TJPs are upregulated at the early neoplastic stage and their expression persists during dedifferentiation. Aberrant expression of TJPs contributes to proliferation, invasion, and dysregulated signaling of cancer cells. In addition to an increase in their expression level, their localization is altered from a TJ-restricted pattern to distribution throughout the whole cell membrane, making them suitable as therapeutic targets. Extracellular domains of transmembrane-type TJPs can be approached by target drugs not only from the lumen side (apical side) but also from the extracellular matrix side (basal side), including blood vessels. Aberrantly expressed TJPs are potential useful diagnostic markers as well as therapeutic targets for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kumi Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Murata
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokeidai Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Sawada
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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27
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Gao J, Wang Z, Jiang W, Zhang Y, Meng Z, Niu Y, Sheng Z, Chen C, Liu X, Chen X, Liu C, Jia K, Zhang C, Liao H, Jung J, Sung E, Chung H, Zhang JZ, Zhu AX, Shen L. CLDN18.2 and 4-1BB bispecific antibody givastomig exerts antitumor activity through CLDN18.2-expressing tumor-directed T-cell activation. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006704. [PMID: 37364935 PMCID: PMC10410885 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a tight junction protein that has been identified as a clinically proven target in gastric cancer. Stimulation of 4-1BB with agonistic antibodies is also a promising strategy for immunotherapy and 4-1BB+ T cells were reported to be present within the tumor microenvironment of patients with gastric cancer. However, hepatotoxicity-mediated by 4-1BB activation was observed in clinical trials of agonistic anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibodies. METHODS To specifically activate the 4-1BB+ T cells in tumor and avoid the on-target liver toxicity, we developed a novel CLDN18.2×4-1BB bispecific antibody (termed 'givastomig' or 'ABL111'; also known as TJ-CD4B or TJ033721) that was designed to activate 4-1BB signaling in a CLDN18.2 engagement-dependent manner. RESULTS 4-1BB+ T cells were observed to be coexisted with CLDN18.2+ tumor cells in proximity by multiplex immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissues from patients with gastric cancer (n=60). Givastomig/ABL111 could bind to cell lines expressing various levels of CLDN18.2 with a high affinity and induce 4-1BB activation in vitro only in the context of CLDN18.2 binding. The magnitude of T-cell activation by givastomig/ABL111 treatment was closely correlated with the CLDN18.2 expression level of tumor cells from gastric cancer patient-derived xenograft model. Mechanistically, givastomig/ABL111 treatment could upregulate the expression of a panel of pro-inflammatory and interferon-γ-responsive genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells when co-cultured with CLDN18.2+ tumor cells. Furthermore, in humanized 4-1BB transgenic mice inoculated with human CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells, givastomig/ABL111 induced a localized immune activation in tumor as evident by the increased ratio of CD8+/regulatory T cell, leading to the superior antitumor activity and long-lasting memory response against tumor rechallenge. Givastomig/ABL111 was well tolerated, with no systemic immune response and hepatotoxicity in monkeys. CONCLUSIONS Givastomig/ABL111 is a novel CLDN18.2×4-1BB bispecific antibody which has the potential to treat patients with gastric cancer with a wide range of CLDN18.2 expression level through the restricted activation of 4-1BB+ T cells in tumor microenvironment to avoid the risk of liver toxicity and systemic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- SIP LifeLink Oncology Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xi Chen
- I-Mab Biopharma, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Keren Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Liao
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jaeho Jung
- ABL Bio Inc, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Lin Shen
- SIP LifeLink Oncology Research Institute, Suzhou, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Chen J, Xu Z, Hu C, Zhang S, Zi M, Yuan L, Cheng X. Targeting CLDN18.2 in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract: New drugs and new indications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1132319. [PMID: 36969060 PMCID: PMC10036590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1132319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract greatly contribute to the global cancer burden and cancer-related death. Claudin-18.2(CLDN18.2), a transmembrane protein, is a major component of tight junctions and plays an important role in the maintenance of barrier function. Its characteristic widespread expression in tumour tissues and its exposed extracellular loops make it an ideal target for researchers to develop targeted strategies and immunotherapies for cancers of the GI tract. In the present review, we focus on the expression pattern of CLDN18.2 and its clinical significance in GI cancer. We also discuss the tumour-promoting and/or tumour-inhibiting functions of CLDN18.2, the mechanisms regulating its expression, and the current progress regarding the development of drugs targeting CLDN18.2 in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Can Hu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengli Zi
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Xiangdong Cheng,
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institutes of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yuan, ; Xiangdong Cheng,
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Kayikcioglu E, Yüceer RO. The role of claudin 18.2 and HER-2 in pancreatic cancer outcomes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32882. [PMID: 36820561 PMCID: PMC9907975 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the prognostic value of claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) expression in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study enrolled patients who underwent surgery and were diagnosed with PDAC at Suleyman Demirel University Hospital, Turkey between 2015 and 2019. Sixty-eight patients with resected PDAC treated at a medical oncology clinic were assessed. All patients were over the age of 18 years, underwent follow-up and treatment in our unit, and had pathology slides that we could access. Clinicopathological data were obtained from medical files, including the patients' age, sex, pathological parameters, and clinical stage according to the Eighth International Union against Cancer/American Joint Committee on Cancer. Patient survival and the period from the date of diagnosis to death were assessed in the follow-up data. There was no statistically significant difference between CLDN18.2 and HER-2 expression scores for samples and patient clinicopathological characteristics. No HER-2 expression scores of ≥2 were found in the samples. Only 25% (n = 17) of the samples had HER-2 expression scores of +1. CLDN18.2 expression was detected in 54.4% (n = 37) of the patient samples. CLDN18.2 expression scores were +1 in 30.8% (n = 21) of the patient samples, +2 in 16.2% (n = 11), and +3 in 7.4% (n = 5). When CLDN18.2 and HER-2 expression were compared, a statistically significant difference and moderate positive correlation were observed. No significant relationship between HER-2 expression and survival was observed in the survival analysis of PDAC patients; however, high CLDN18.2 expression was related to longer overall survival. Our study is the third to research CLDN18.2 expression in PDAC. HER-2 expression is low and CLDN18.2 expression is high in patients with PDAC. HER-2 expression is not related to overall survival but CLDN18.2 is related and may be used as a prognostic marker in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Kayikcioglu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- * Correspondence: Erkan Kayikcioglu, Department of Medical Oncology, Suleyman Demirel University, Çünür Mah, Isparta 32000, Turkey (e-mail: )
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Anti-Claudin18.2-IL-21 fusion protein bifunctional molecule has more powerful anti-tumor effect and better safety. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109634. [PMID: 36584573 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Antibody or antibody-like protein drugs related to tumor immunotherapy are now widely used. Here, we describe an antibody-fusion protein drug IMAB362-mIL-21 with mouse IL-21 (mIL-21) fused into the C-terminal domain of IMAB362 (a clinical antibody drug against Claudin18.2), that we expect can achieve tumor targeting and activate local anti-tumor immune response more effectively, while reducing the systemic side effects of individual cytokines. In vitro assays comparing the fusion protein IMAB362-mIL-21 to IMAB362 and mIL-21, IMAB362-mIL-21 was able to recognize its cognate antigen Claudin18.2 and natural receptor mIL-21R with similar binding affinities, mediate equivalent ADCC activity and activate IL-21R-mediated downstream signal pathway. In in vivo assays, IMAB362-mIL-21 produced stronger anti-tumor effects compared with IMAB362 or mIL-21 or their combination at equimolar concentrations. Moreover, according to routine blood indicators, mIL-21-Fc and the combined treatment group had significant decreases (P < 0.01) in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT), while the IMAB362-mIL-21 group did not. The above results have shown that IMAB362-mIL-21 can produce better anti-tumor effects without obvious hematological toxicity, which is sufficient to show that this kind of antibody-cytokine protein has better application value than IMAB362 or IL-21 as single drugs or in combination. Therefore, this bifunctional molecule combined tumor-targeting and immune activation effectively and has good application prospects.
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Wang F, Yang Y, Du X, Zhu X, Hu Y, Lu C, Sui L, Zhao H, Song K, Yao Q. Claudin18.2 as a potential therapeutic target for primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas and metastatic ovarian mucinous carcinomas from upper gastrointestinal primary tumours. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:44. [PMID: 36639622 PMCID: PMC9837907 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of ovarian mucinous carcinomas are metastatic tumours derived from nonovarian primary cancers, typically gastrointestinal neoplasms. Therapy targeting claudin18.2 might be used in gastric, gastroesophageal junction and pancreatic cancers with high expression of claudin18.2. In this study, we aimed to profile the expression of claudin18.2 in primary ovarian mucinous carcinoma (POMC) and metastatic gastrointestinal mucinous carcinoma (MGMC). METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to detect claudin 18.2 expression in whole tissue sections of ovarian mucinous carcinomas, including 32 POMCs and 44 MGMCs, 23 of which were derived from upper gastrointestinal primary tumours and 21 of which were derived from lower gastrointestinal primary tumours. Immunohistochemical studies for claudin18.2, SATB2, PAX8, CK7 and CK20 were performed in all 76 cases. RESULTS Among 76 primary and metastatic mucinous carcinomas, claudin18.2 was expressed in 56.6% (43/76) of cases. MGMCs from the upper gastrointestinal tract, including 22 derived from primary stomach tumours and one derived from a pancreas tumour, were positive for claudin 18.2 in 69.5% (16/23) of cases. MGMCs from the lower gastrointestinal tract, including 10 derived from primary appendiceal cancer and 11 derived from colorectal cancers, showed no claudin18.2 expression (0/21). The expression rate of claudin18.2 in primary ovarian mucinous neoplasms, including 22 primary ovarian mucinous carcinomas and 10 primary ovarian borderline mucinous tumours, was 84.4% (27/32). The common immunophenotypic characteristics of POMCs, upper gastrointestinal tract-derived MGMCs, and lower gastrointestinal tract-derived MGMCs were claudin18.2 + /PAX8 + /SATB2- (17/32), claudin18.2 + /PAX8-/SATB2- (16/23) and claudin18.2-/PAX8-/SATB2 + (19/21), respectively. CONCLUSION Claudin18.2 is highly expressed in POMCs and MGMCs derived from upper gastrointestinal tract primary tumours; therefore, claudin18.2-targeted therapy might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for POMCs and MGMCs from the upper gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Wang
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China ,Department of Gynecology, Junan County People’s Hospital, Junan, 276600 Shan Dong China
| | - Yao Yang
- grid.415468.a0000 0004 1761 4893Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011 Shan Dong China
| | - Xiuzhen Du
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Yanjiao Hu
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Changyu Lu
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Lei Sui
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Han Zhao
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Kejuan Song
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
| | - Qin Yao
- grid.412521.10000 0004 1769 1119Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003 Shan Dong China
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Wang C, Wu N, Pei B, Ma X, Yang W. Claudin and pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1136227. [PMID: 36959784 PMCID: PMC10027734 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1136227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of timely and accurate screening modalities and treatments, most pancreatic cancer (PCa) patients undergo fatal PCa progression within a short period since diagnosis. The claudin(CLDN) family is expressed specifically as tight junction structure in a variety of tumors, including PCa, and affects tumor progression by changing the cell junctions. Thus far, many of the 27 members of the claudin family, including claudin-18.2 and claudin-4, have significantly aberrantly expression in pancreatic tumors. In addition, some studies have confirmed the role of some claudin proteins in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors. By targeting different targets of claudin protein and combining chemotherapy, further enhance tumor cell necrosis and inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis. Claudins can either promote or inhibit the development of pancreatic cancer, which indicates that the diagnosis and treatment of different kinds of claudins require to consider different biological characteristics. This literature summarizes the functional characteristics and clinical applications of various claudin proteins in Pca cells, with a focus on claudin-18.2 and claudin-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Na Wu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Beibei Pei
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhui Yang,
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Development and comparison of 68Ga/ 18F/ 64Cu-labeled nanobody tracers probing Claudin18.2. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:305-314. [PMID: 36570796 PMCID: PMC9747674 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is an emerging target for the treatment of gastric cancers. We aim to develop tracers to image the expression of CLDN18.2. A humanized nanobody targeting CLDN18.2 (clone hu19V3) was produced and labeled with 68Ga, 64Cu, and 18F. The tracers were investigated in subcutaneous and metastatic models established using two different mouse types (nude and Balb/c mice) and two different cell lines (CHO-CLDN18.2 and CT26-CLDN18.2). Gastric cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models were further established for validation experiments. Three novel CLDN18.2-targeted tracers (i.e., [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-hu19V3, [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-hu19V3, and [18F]F-hu19V3) were developed with good radiochemical yields and excellent radiochemical purities. [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-hu19V3 immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) rapidly delineated subcutaneous CHO-CLDN18.2 lesions and CT26-CLDN18.2 tumors, as well as showing excellent diagnostic value in PDX models naturally expressing CLDN18.2. While [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-hu19V3 had high kidney accumulation, [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-hu19V3 showed reduced kidney accumulation and improved image contrast at late time points. Moreover, [18F]F-hu19V3 was developed via click chemistry reaction under mild conditions and precisely disseminated CHO-CLDN18.2 lesions in the lungs. Furthermore, region of interest analysis, biodistribution study, and histopathological staining results correlated well with the in vivo imaging results. Taken together, immunoPET imaging with the three tracers can reliably visualize CLDN18.2 expression.
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Liu J, Yang H, Yin D, Jia Y, Li S, Liu Y. Expression and prognostic analysis of CLDN18 and Claudin18.2 in lung adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154068. [PMID: 36007395 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CLDN encodes a member of the claudin family. Claudin is a tight junction protein that is mainly involved in cell migration. Claudin family is of interest as a potential therapeutic target. Claudin18.2 is one of its important isoforms and is mainly expressed in the stomach. Its expression and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between CLDN18 and claudin18.2 expression and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS Two cohorts were introduced in this study: one from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CLDN18 mRNA public data (TCGA-LUAD, N = 551); the other from 1079 cases of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China, with immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of claudin18.2 in tissue microarrays. the IHC-positive cases were again verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS The mRNA expression of CLDN18 was significantly lower in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in normal lung tissues (P < 0.05). Among 1079 Chinese lung adenocarcinoma cases, the overall positive rate of IHC for Claudin18.2 was 7.78% (84/1079). Among those positive for IHC, the positive rate of FISH was 11.9% (10/84), which accounted for 0.9% of the total number of cases (10/1079). To explore the best scoring scheme for Claudin 18.2, we used a four-group (IHC4) and two-group (IHC2) scoring method for evaluation. We found that IHC4 better explained Claudin 18.2 expression and helped us to find specific differences in clinical factors for weak, moderate and strong Claudin 18.2 expression. This difference was not discernible in the IHC2 score. By survival analysis, we found that Claudin 18.2 (IHC4) was able to stratify the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients, with strongly positive patients having a better prognosis than the other subgroups (p < 0.05). We also found that patients with EGFR wild type or PD-L1 < 1% accompanied by strong positive claudin18.2 had a significantly better prognosis than other subgroups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Claudin18.2 (IHC4) better reveals the clinical and prognostic characteristics of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with EGFR wild type and PD-L1 < 1% have a better prognosis and partially overlap with claudin18.2 expression, so claudin18.2 may also be an important biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma testing, which is particularly important for EGFR wild type and PD-L1 < 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Liu
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Huichai Yang
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Danjing Yin
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Ying Jia
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China.
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Wang X, Zhang CS, Dong XY, Hu Y, Duan BJ, Bai J, Wu YY, Fan L, Liao XH, Kang Y, Zhang P, Li MY, Xu J, Mao ZJ, Liu HT, Zhang XL, Tian LF, Li EX. Claudin 18.2 is a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:1252-1264. [PMID: 36051096 PMCID: PMC9305579 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i7.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently diagnosed and treated in advanced tumor stages with poor prognosis. More effective screening programs and novel therapeutic means are urgently needed. Recent studies have regarded tight junction protein claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) as a candidate target for cancer treatment, and zolbetuximab (formerly known as IMAB362) has been developed against CLDN18.2. However, there are few data reported thus far related to the clinicopathological characteristics of CLDN18.2 expression for PDAC.
AIM To investigate the expression of CLDN18.2 in PDAC patients and subsequently propose a new target for the treatment of PDAC.
METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Gene Expression Omnibus, and European Genome-phenome Archive databases were first employed to analyze the CLDN18 gene expression in normal pancreatic tissue compared to that in pancreatic cancer tissue. Second, we analyzed the expression of CLDN18.2 in 93 primary PDACs, 86 para-cancer tissues, and 13 normal pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemistry. Immunostained tissues were assessed applying the histoscore. subsequently, they fell into two groups according to the expression state of CLDN18.2. Furthermore, the correlations between CLDN18.2 expression and diverse clinicopathological characteristics, including survival, were investigated.
RESULTS The gene expression of CLDN18 was statistically higher (P < 0.01) in pancreatic tumors than in normal tissues. However, there was no significant correlation between CLDN18 expression and survival in pancreatic cancer patients. CLDN18.2 was expressed in 88 (94.6%) of the reported PDACs. Among these tumors, 50 (56.8%) cases showed strong immunostaining. The para-cancer tissues were positive in 81 (94.2%) cases, among which 32 (39.5%) of cases were characterized for strong staining intensities. Normal pancreatic tissue was identified solely via weak immunostaining. Finally, CLDN18.2 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, nerve invasion, stage, and survival of PDAC patients, while there was no correlation between CLDN18.2 expression and localization, tumor size, patient age and sex, nor any other clinicopathological characteristic.
CONCLUSION CLDN18.2 expression is frequently increased in PDAC patients. Thus, it may act as a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xu-Yuan Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bao-Jun Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Hua Liao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ye Kang
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Yang Li
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- Department of Cancer Precision Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Tong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Fei Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - En-Xiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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Zhong W, Lu Y, Ma Z, He Y, Ding Y, Yao G, Zhou Z, Dong J, Fang Y, Jiang W, Wang W, Huang Y. Development of a Humanized VHH Based Recombinant Antibody Targeting Claudin 18.2 Positive Cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:885424. [PMID: 35837391 PMCID: PMC9273722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.885424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), a tight junction (TJ) family protein controlling molecule exchange between cells, is frequently over-expressed in gastric cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinomas and in a fraction of non–small cell lung cancer cases. The tumor properties indicate that CLDN18.2 could be an attractive drug target for gastric and pancreatic cancers. In this study, we present effective strategies for developing anti-CLDN18.2 therapeutic candidates, based on variable domain of heavy chain of heavy chain antibodies (VHHs). CLDN18.2-specific VHHs were isolated by panning a phage display library from an alpaca immunized with a stable cell line highly expressing CLDN18.2. Humanized VHHs fused with human IgG1 Fc, as potential therapeutic candidates, exhibited desirable binding specificity and affinity to CLDN18.2. In vitro experiments showed that hu7v3-Fc was capable of eliciting both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) on CLDN18.2 positive tumor cells. In the mouse xenograft model, the anti-tumor efficacy of hu7v3-Fc was significantly more potent than Zolbetuximab, the benchmark anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody. Moreover, in vivo biodistribution using zirconium-89 (89Zr) labeled antibodies demonstrated that hu7v3-Fc (89Zr-hu7v3-Fc) exhibited a better tumor penetration and a faster tumor uptake than Zolbetuximab (89Zr-Zolbetuximab), which might be attributed to its smaller size and higher affinity. Taken together, anti-CDLN18.2 hu7v3-Fc is a promising therapeutic agent for human CLDN18.2 positive cancers. Furthermore, hu7v3 has emerged as a potential module for novel CLDN18.2 related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Zhong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjun He
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaofeng Yao
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhou
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Dong
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Fang
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanshan Huang, ; Weilin Wang,
| | - Yanshan Huang
- Department of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, Zhejiang Doer Biologics Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanshan Huang, ; Weilin Wang,
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Cao W, Xing H, Li Y, Tian W, Song Y, Jiang Z, Yu J. Claudin18.2 is a novel molecular biomarker for tumor-targeted immunotherapy. Biomark Res 2022; 10:38. [PMID: 35642043 PMCID: PMC9153115 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) protein, an isoform of claudin18, a member of the tight junction protein family, is a highly selective biomarker with limited expression in normal tissues and often abnormal expression during the occurrence and development of various primary malignant tumors, such as gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction (GC/GEJ) cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, bronchial cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer. CLDN18.2 participates in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of tumor cells. Recent studies have identified CLDN18.2 expression as a potential specific marker for the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. With its specific expression pattern, CLDN18.2 has become a unique molecule for targeted therapy in different cancers, especially in GC; for example, agents such as zolbetuximab (claudiximab, IMAB362), a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CLDN18.2, have been developed. In this review, we outline recent advances in the development of immunotherapy strategies targeting CLDN18.2, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells redirected to target CLDN18.2, and antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Cao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Haizhou Xing
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yingmei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenliang Tian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Zhongxing Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Jifeng Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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38
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Zhao C, Rong Z, Ding J, Wang L, Wang B, Ding L, Meng L, Meng X, Wang F, Yang Z, Shou C, Zhu H. Targeting Claudin 18.2 Using a Highly Specific Antibody Enables Cancer Diagnosis and Guided Surgery. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3530-3541. [PMID: 35344359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a new potential target for cancer therapy, especially for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). A molecular targeting probe is of importance for patient stratification and therapeutic guidance. Here, we explored an antibody-dependent molecular imaging strategy for specific detection and surgery guidance based on a CLDN18.2-specific antibody, 5C9. Two imaging probes, 124I-5C9 and Cy5.5-5C9, were synthesized. The specificity to CLDN18.2 being evidenced in the cellular experiments with control, the diagnostic utility was assessed by immunopositron emission tomography (immuno-PET) and fluorescence imaging using xenograft models. A near-infrared fluorescent II imaging probe FD1080-5C9 was designed to facilitate the comprehensive surgical removal of lesions. 124I-5C9 immuno-PET imaging clearly delineated subcutaneous CLDN18.2-positive tumors, with a peak uptake (maximum standardized uptake value; SUVmax) of 2.25 ± 0.30, whereas the highest values for the 124I-IgG and blocking groups were 0.70 ± 0.13 and 0.66 ± 0.12, respectively. Cy5.5-5C9 fluorescence imaging showed similar results. As proof of the diagnosis and guided surgery (DGS) concept, 124I-5C9 and FD1080-5C9 were simultaneously administered in orthotopic CLDN18.2-positive tumor models, facilitating the comprehensive resection of tumor tissue. Combined, 124I-5C9 and FD1080-5C9 are both promising DGS tools: the former reveals CLDN18.2 in lesions as a PET probe, and the latter can guide surgery. These results provide a utility molecular imaging strategy for specific detection and surgery guidance based on a CLDN18.2-specific antibody both in AGC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zhuona Rong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiangxi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Dorman K, Heinemann V, Kobold S, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Boeck S. Novel systemic treatment approaches for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:249-262. [PMID: 35114868 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2037552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5-year overall survival rate of 10 %, emphasizing the need for more effective therapies, especially in metastatic disease. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, poor vascularization, and dense tumor stroma typical for PDAC are hurdles that need to be overcome by novel drugs. Investigations are moving towards more targeted treatments including immunotherapy and cell-based approaches. AREAS COVERED This article reviews emerging drugs in clinical development for metastatic PDAC, focusing on cellular therapies and novel treatments targeting metabolism, tumor stroma, oncogenic pathways and immunosuppression. With immunotherapy and CAR T cell therapy on the rise in hematological malignancies, the transfer to solid tumors remains intriguing. Multiple exciting clinical trials investigating innovative therapeutic strategies for PDAC are currently ongoing and reviewed herein. ClinicalTrials.gov, conference abstracts and PubMed were searched in August 2021 and assessed for information on ongoing and published clinical studies. EXPERT OPINION With many challenges to overcome, the optimal therapy for patients with metastatic PDAC is likely to consist of a combination of different agents. We are slowly moving from entity-dependent approaches to ones more focused on molecular and pathological features. Increasingly personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient may be the future of PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Dorman
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Boeck
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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40
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Claudins and Gastric Cancer: An Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020290. [PMID: 35053454 PMCID: PMC8773541 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers and the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis, and a poor prognosis. This review presents novel biological and clinical significance of claudin (CLDN) expression in GC, especially CLDN18, and clinical trials centered around CLDN18.2. It also presents new findings for other CLDNs. Abstract Despite recent improvements in diagnostic ability and treatment strategies, advanced gastric cancer (GC) has a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis, with poor prognosis. To improve the treatment results of GC, the search for new treatment targets from proteins related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell–cell adhesion is currently being conducted. EMT plays an important role in cancer metastasis and is initiated by the loss of cell–cell adhesion, such as tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. Among these, claudins (CLDNs) are highly expressed in some cancers, including GC. Abnormal expression of CLDN1, CLDN2, CLDN3, CLDN4, CLDN6, CLDN7, CLDN10, CLDN11, CLDN14, CLDN17, CLDN18, and CLDN23 have been reported. Among these, CLDN18 is of particular interest. In The Cancer Genome Atlas, GC was classified into four new molecular subtypes, and CLDN18–ARHGAP fusion was observed in the genomically stable type. An anti-CLDN18.2 antibody drug was recently developed as a therapeutic drug for GC, and the results of clinical trials are highly predictable. Thus, CLDNs are highly expressed in GC as TJs and are expected targets for new antibody drugs. Herein, we review the literature on CLDNs, focusing on CLDN18 in GC.
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41
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Kyuno D, Takasawa A, Takasawa K, Ono Y, Aoyama T, Magara K, Nakamori Y, Takemasa I, Osanai M. Claudin-18.2 as a therapeutic target in cancers: cumulative findings from basic research and clinical trials. Tissue Barriers 2022; 10:1967080. [PMID: 34486479 PMCID: PMC8794250 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1967080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudins are major components of tight junctions that maintain cell polarity and intercellular adhesion. The dynamics of claudins in cancer cells have attracted attention as a therapeutic target. During carcinogenesis, claudin expression is generally downregulated; however, overexpression of claudin-18.2 has been observed in several types of cancers. Upregulated and mislocalized claudin-18.2 expression in cancer cells has been suggested as a therapeutic target. Research on claudin-18.2 has revealed its involvement in carcinogenesis. Clinical trials using zolbetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting claudin-18.2, for patients with advanced cancer yielded positive results with few high-grade adverse events; thus, it is expected to be a novel and effective therapeutic. Here, we review current insights into the role that claudin-18.2 plays in basic cancer research and clinical applications. A better understanding of these roles will facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for cancer patients with poor prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kyuno
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kumi Takasawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Aoyama
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Magara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuna Nakamori
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takemasa
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makoto Osanai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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Arpa G, Fassan M, Guerini C, Quaquarini E, Grillo F, Angerilli V, Guzzardo V, Lonardi S, Bergamo F, Lenti MV, Pedrazzoli P, Paulli M, Di Sabatino A, Vanoli A. Claudin-18 expression in small bowel adenocarcinoma: a clinico-pathologic study. Virchows Arch 2022; 481:853-863. [PMID: 35925388 PMCID: PMC9734203 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Non-ampullary small bowel adenocarcinoma is a rare neoplasm with an ominous prognosis, whose incidence is higher in some chronic immuno-inflammatory conditions, such as coeliac and Crohn's disease. Recently, claudin 18.2, a transmembrane protein normally expressed in gastric mucosa, has been recognized as a novel pan-cancer therapeutic target, and several clinical trials with claudin-18-directed drugs have shown promising results on various gastrointestinal malignancies. This is the first study focusing on claudin-18 expression in small bowel adenocarcinomas. The immunohistochemical expression of claudin-18 (clone 43-14A) was assessed in 81 small bowel adenocarcinomas of diverse aetiologies and correlated with several clinico-pathologic features and patient survival. We found that 28% of adenocarcinomas were immunoreactive for claudin-18, with cutoff values of ≥1% at any intensity, while 6% of cancers showed immunoexpression of ≥75% with 2+/3+ score. Moreover, claudin-18 (≥1%) was positively associated with cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and MUC5AC expression, showing CK7+/MUC5AC+ carcinomas the highest rate of positive cases, whereas a negative correlation was found between claudin-18 and CDX2 expression. In addition, some cancer-adjacent dysplastic growths and foci of gastric-type metaplasia in Crohn's disease-associated cases showed claudin-18 immunoreactivity. Survival analysis showed a non-significant trend towards a worse cancer-specific survival for claudin-18-positive cases. A fraction of small bowel adenocarcinomas, mainly sporadic or Crohn's disease-associated, and often exhibiting a non-intestinal immunoprofile, expressed claudin-18, suggesting that claudin-18-directed targeted therapy is worth investigating in such cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Arpa
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16-27100, Pavia, Italy ,grid.419425.f0000 0004 1760 3027Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy ,grid.419546.b0000 0004 1808 1697Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Camilla Guerini
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16-27100, Pavia, Italy ,grid.419425.f0000 0004 1760 3027Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Erica Quaquarini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ICS Maugeri-IRCCS SpA SB, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Angerilli
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenza Guzzardo
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- grid.419546.b0000 0004 1808 1697Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Bergamo
- grid.419546.b0000 0004 1808 1697Department of Oncology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy ,grid.419425.f0000 0004 1760 3027Oncology Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16-27100, Pavia, Italy ,grid.419425.f0000 0004 1760 3027Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16-27100, Pavia, Italy ,grid.419425.f0000 0004 1760 3027Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy
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Raghavan S, Winter PS, Navia AW, Williams HL, DenAdel A, Lowder KE, Galvez-Reyes J, Kalekar RL, Mulugeta N, Kapner KS, Raghavan MS, Borah AA, Liu N, Väyrynen SA, Costa AD, Ng RW, Wang J, Hill EK, Ragon DY, Brais LK, Jaeger AM, Spurr LF, Li YY, Cherniack AD, Booker MA, Cohen EF, Tolstorukov MY, Wakiro I, Rotem A, Johnson BE, McFarland JM, Sicinska ET, Jacks TE, Sullivan RJ, Shapiro GI, Clancy TE, Perez K, Rubinson DA, Ng K, Cleary JM, Crawford L, Manalis SR, Nowak JA, Wolpin BM, Hahn WC, Aguirre AJ, Shalek AK. Microenvironment drives cell state, plasticity, and drug response in pancreatic cancer. Cell 2021; 184:6119-6137.e26. [PMID: 34890551 PMCID: PMC8822455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prognostically relevant RNA expression states exist in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but our understanding of their drivers, stability, and relationship to therapeutic response is limited. To examine these attributes systematically, we profiled metastatic biopsies and matched organoid models at single-cell resolution. In vivo, we identify a new intermediate PDAC transcriptional cell state and uncover distinct site- and state-specific tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Benchmarking models against this reference map, we reveal strong culture-specific biases in cancer cell transcriptional state representation driven by altered TME signals. We restore expression state heterogeneity by adding back in vivo-relevant factors and show plasticity in culture models. Further, we prove that non-genetic modulation of cell state can strongly influence drug responses, uncovering state-specific vulnerabilities. This work provides a broadly applicable framework for aligning cell states across in vivo and ex vivo settings, identifying drivers of transcriptional plasticity and manipulating cell state to target associated vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivatsan Raghavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Peter S. Winter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,These authors contributed equally,Correspondence: (P.S.W.), (A.J.A.), (A.K.S.)
| | - Andrew W. Navia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Hannah L. Williams
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Alan DenAdel
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA,Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Kristen E. Lowder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jennyfer Galvez-Reyes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Radha L. Kalekar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nolawit Mulugeta
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kevin S. Kapner
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Manisha S. Raghavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ashir A. Borah
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nuo Liu
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sara A. Väyrynen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andressa Dias Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raymond W.S. Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Junning Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Emma K. Hill
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Dorisanne Y. Ragon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lauren K. Brais
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alex M. Jaeger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Liam F. Spurr
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yvonne Y. Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrew D. Cherniack
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew A. Booker
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elizabeth F. Cohen
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael Y. Tolstorukov
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Isaac Wakiro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Asaf Rotem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bruce E. Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Ewa T. Sicinska
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tyler E. Jacks
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ryan J. Sullivan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Geoffrey I. Shapiro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas E. Clancy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kimberly Perez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Douglas A. Rubinson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James M. Cleary
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lorin Crawford
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA,Microsoft Research New England, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Scott R. Manalis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Nowak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brian M. Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally,Senior author
| | - William C. Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally,Senior author
| | - Andrew J. Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,These authors contributed equally,Senior author,Correspondence: (P.S.W.), (A.J.A.), (A.K.S.)
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,These authors contributed equally,Senior author,Lead contact,Correspondence: (P.S.W.), (A.J.A.), (A.K.S.)
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Liang J, Zhang H, Huang Y, Fan L, Li F, Li M, Yan Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Yang X. A CLDN18.2-Targeting Bispecific T Cell Co-Stimulatory Activator for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:6977-6987. [PMID: 34522140 PMCID: PMC8434866 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s330637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-stimulatory receptor agonist antibodies have shown promising antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. However, their clinical development lags due to systemic or local adverse effects of non-specific T cell activation. Utilization of a bispecific antibody format to reduce off-tumor immune activation is a focus of co-stimulatory receptor agonist antibody design. METHODS In this study, a bispecific antibody with anti-CLDN18.2 and anti-CD28 moieties was produced. Its T cell costimulation ability was evaluated in T cell coculture assay in vitro. Its safety and anti-tumor efficacy were explored in mouse tumor models. RESULTS Anti-CLDN18.2-anti-CD28 bispecific antibody could co-stimulate T cells and increase the expression of effector cytokines in a CLDN18.2-dependent manner. Treatment of anti-CLDN18.2-anti-CD28 could reduce tumor burden and increase tumor-infiltrated T cells. Immunosuppressive cells including tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells were also reduced without systemic adverse effects. CONCLUSION This work provided proof-of-concept evidence for a new strategy to develop a bispecific co-stimulatory activator for treating CLDN18.2+ tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lilv Fan
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanlin Li
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanming Yang
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China
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45
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Kaur J, Singh P, Enzler T, Sahai V. Emerging antibody therapies for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a review of recent phase 2 trials. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2021; 26:103-129. [PMID: 33734833 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2021.1905795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is now the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US which can be attributed to rising incidence, diagnosis at advanced stages and early development of metastasis. Systemic therapy remains palliative with early development of resistance possibly related to the constitutive activation of 'undruggable' KRAS, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and intense desmoplasia. The advancements in molecular biology has led to the development and investigation of targeted and immune therapeutics.Areas covered: This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature to further the understanding of molecular targets with their respective antibody-based therapies in clinical development in pancreatic cancer. PubMed was systematically searched for English-language articles discussing antibody-based therapies under phase 2 clinical trial investigation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Expert opinion: PDAC remains highly resistant to chemotherapy with no significant improvement in survival for patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. Unfortunately, the majority of the antibody-based targeted and immune therapeutics have failed to meet their primary efficacy endpoints in early phase trials. However, there are a few promising antibody-based drugs with intriguing preliminary data that merit further investigation, while many more continue to be developed and investigated preclinically, and in early phase trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland Hospital, Pontiac, MI, USA
| | - Paramveer Singh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Enzler
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vaibhav Sahai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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46
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Lü P, Qiu S, Pan Y, Yu F, Chen K. Preclinical Chimeric Antibody Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Progress in Digestive System Cancers. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 36:307-315. [PMID: 33481647 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal and gastric tumors, are characterized by high rates of incidence and mortality. Digestive cancers are difficult to diagnose during the early stages, and the side effects of chemotherapy are often severe and may outweigh the therapeutic benefits. Chimeric antibody chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, a novel immunotherapy, has achieved excellent results for the treatment of hematological tumors. However, CAR-T treatment of solid tumors has struggled due to a lack of target specificity, a difficult tumor microenvironment, and T cell homing. Despite the challenges, CAR-T treatment of digestive cancers is progressing. Combining CAR-T with other targets and/or modifying the CAR may represent the most promising approaches for future treatment of digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lü
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Songlin Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ye Pan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Keping Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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47
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Xu B, Liu F, Liu Q, Shi T, Wang Z, Wu N, Xu X, Li L, Fan X, Yu L, Liu B, Wei J. Highly expressed Claudin18.2 as a potential therapeutic target in advanced gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:1431-1439. [PMID: 33457012 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a specific type of malignant gastric cancer (GC) with distinct poorer survival. Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a promising neo-biomarker for the treatment of GC. Clinical trials of CLDN18.2-targeted antibody and T cell-based immunotherapy providing promising prospects for the treatment of GC. The effect of antibody therapy depended on the expression rate of CLDN18.2 has been found in clinical trials. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the therapeutic value of CLDN18.2 in advanced gastric SRCC. Methods Expression of CLDN18.2 in 105 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and evaluated according to FAST criteria. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) using 416 pan-cancer genes panel was performed to characterize the genomic landscape in 61 advanced gastric SRCC patients. Fisher's exact test was used to determine gene differences in different CLDN18.2 expression levels. Results A total number of 105 advanced gastric SRCC samples were analyzed, of which 95.2% (100/105) were positive stained. Moderate-to-strong CLDN18.2 expression was observed in 64.8% (68/105) of all samples. In particularly, 21.0% (22/105) samples had positive staining in more than 90% tumor cells. No significance was found between CLDN18.2 expression and overall survival (OS). NGS results showed that single nucleotide variations (SNVs) could be frequently found in TP53 (26.2%), CDH1 (19.7%), MED12 (18.0%), PKHD1 (18.0%) and ARID1A (11.5%), besides, copy number variations (CNVs) were rich in NOTCH1 (18.0%) and FLT4 (9.8%) in SRCC samples. Moreover, SNVs in GRIN2A was found in 20% of the patients who had CLDN18.2 staining in <40% of tumor cells (P=0.043), indicating CLDN18.2 expression might be related to the aberration of GRIN2A in advanced gastric SRCC. Conclusions The highly expressed CLDN18.2 among advanced gastric SRCC patients that we found certified the value of CLDN18.2-targeted therapy in this specific type of GC. In addition, Analyses between CLDN18.2 expression and genetic abnormalities provided novel therapeutic options for advanced gastric SRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangcen Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Shi
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongda Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nandie Wu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyun Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangshan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Luo H, Su J, Sun R, Sun Y, Wang Y, Dong Y, Shi B, Jiang H, Li Z. Coexpression of IL7 and CCL21 Increases Efficacy of CAR-T Cells in Solid Tumors without Requiring Preconditioned Lymphodepletion. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5494-5505. [PMID: 32816947 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE T-cell recruitment, survival, and proliferation are the important limitations to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells therapy in the treatment of solid tumors. In this study, we engineered CAR-T cells to coexpress cytokines IL7 and CCL21 (7 × 21 CAR-T), a cytokine combination in order to improve proliferation and chemotaxis of CAR-T cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CLDN18.2-specific second-generation CAR-T cells coexpressing cytokines were prepared using retroviral vector transduction. The proliferation and migration of genetically engineered CAR-T cells were evaluated in vitro. The antitumor activities of genetically engineered CAR-T cells were evaluated against multiple solid tumors in C57BL/6 mice in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, the proliferation and chemotaxis of 7 × 21 CAR-T cells are significantly improved when compared with those of the conventional CAR-T cells. In vivo, 7 × 21 CAR-T cells revealed superior therapeutic effects to either conventional CAR-T cells or 7 × 19 CAR-T cells which coexpress IL7 and CCL19 as previously reported in three different solid tumors without cyclophosphamide precondition. Interestingly, 7 × 21 CAR-T cells could also suppress the tumor growth with heterogeneous antigen expression and even induce tumor complete remission. Mechanistically, IL7 and CCL21 significantly improved survival and infiltration of CAR-T cells and dendritic cells in tumor. In addition, CCL21 also inhibited the tumor angiogenesis as proved by IHC. CONCLUSIONS Coexpression of IL7 and CCL21 could boost CAR-T cells' antitumor activity, and 7 × 21 CAR-T cells may be served as a promising therapy strategy for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yansha Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CARsgen Therapeutics, Shanghai, China
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49
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Modified Jian-pi-yang-zheng decoction inhibits gastric cancer progression via the macrophage immune checkpoint PI3Kγ. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110440. [PMID: 32768942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Jian-pi-yang-zheng Decoction (JPYZ) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, and it shows good efficacy in patients. A previous study indicated that JPYZ inhibited the progression of gastric cancer via the regulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the underlying molecular target of JPYZ regulation of TAMs has not been determined. The present study used modified-JPYZ (mJPYZ) to extend our investigation of gastric cancer. Our results showed that mJPYZ inhibited gastric cancer progression in vivo and in vitro. We found that mJPYZ decreased the activity of PI3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) in TAMs, reduced the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β, which ultimately promoted the conversion of TAMs from M2 to M1. Our findings also indicated that mJPYZ inhibited the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer by alleviating the unfavorable differentiation of TAMs via the PI3Kγ signaling cascades. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that mJPYZ inhibited gastric cancer cell EMT via PI3Kγ-dependent TAM reprogramming, which eventually suppressed gastric cancer growth and metastasis. Our study provides an underlying mechanism of a Chinese medicine in the treatment of gastric cancer via PI3Kγ in macrophages.
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50
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Moentenich V, Gebauer F, Comut E, Tuchscherer A, Bruns C, Schroeder W, Buettner R, Alakus H, Loeser H, Zander T, Quaas A. Claudin 18.2 expression in esophageal adenocarcinoma and its potential impact on future treatment strategies. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3665-3670. [PMID: 32391091 PMCID: PMC7204493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has rapidly increased, particularly in the Western world. Despite improvements in perioperative treatments, the overall survival of patients remains low. Claudin 18.2 is a tight junction protein that is exclusively expressed in the gastric epithelia. However, following malignant transformation, gastric cancer metastases maintain this expression. Therefore, claudin 18.2 is a promising target for immunotherapy. Previous clinical trials have revealed improved anti-tumor activity in patients treated with an anti-claudin antibody by investigating the expression of claudin 18.2 in tumor cells. However, there is currently very limited data on the importance of claudin 18.2 expression in EAC. The present study analyzed the distribution of claudin 18.2 using immunohistochemistry in 485 patients with EAC, including their lymph node metastases. Additionally, these results were associated with clinical and molecular data. Claudin 18.2 was detected in 89/485 patients (18.4%). No correlations between expression and clinicopathological data (sex, age, pT stage, lymph node metastasis and grading) were observed. However, significantly decreased claudin 18.2 expression was observed in tumor types with upregulated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression (P=0.036). Additionally, neoadjuvant treatment did not have any significant impact on claudin 18.2 expression (P=0.331). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the largest systematic investigation of claudin 18.2 protein expression in EAC. The results obtained suggested that claudin 18.2 may serve as a promising therapeutic target in a substantial number of patients with EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeska Moentenich
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Gebauer
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Erdem Comut
- Institute of Pathology, Pammukale University, Denizli 20160, Turkey
| | - Armin Tuchscherer
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schroeder
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Heike Loeser
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Zander
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
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