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Pečinka L, Moráň L, Kovačovicová P, Meloni F, Havel J, Pivetta T, Vaňhara P. Intact cell mass spectrometry coupled with machine learning reveals minute changes induced by single gene silencing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29936. [PMID: 38707401 PMCID: PMC11066331 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Intact (whole) cell MALDI TOF mass spectrometry is a commonly used tool in clinical microbiology for several decades. Recently it was introduced to analysis of eukaryotic cells, including cancer and stem cells. Besides targeted metabolomic and proteomic applications, the intact cell MALDI TOF mass spectrometry provides a sufficient sensitivity and specificity to discriminate cell types, isogenous cell lines or even the metabolic states. This makes the intact cell MALDI TOF mass spectrometry a promising tool for quality control in advanced cell cultures with a potential to reveal batch-to-batch variation, aberrant clones, or unwanted shifts in cell phenotype. However, cellular alterations induced by change in expression of a single gene has not been addressed by intact cell mass spectrometry yet. In this work we used a well-characterized human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 with silenced expression of a tumor suppressor candidate 3 gene (TUSC3). TUSC3 is involved in co-translational N-glycosylation of proteins with well-known global impact on cell phenotype. Altogether, this experimental design represents a highly suitable model for optimization of intact cell mass spectrometry and analysis of spectral data. Here we investigated five machine learning algorithms (k-nearest neighbors, decision tree, random forest, partial least squares discrimination, and artificial neural network) and optimized their performance either in pure populations or in two-component mixtures composed of cells with normal or silenced expression of TUSC3. All five algorithms reached accuracy over 90 % and were able to reveal even subtle changes in mass spectra corresponding to alterations of TUSC3 expression. In summary, we demonstrate that spectral fingerprints generated by intact cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry coupled to a machine learning classifier can reveal minute changes induced by alteration of a single gene, and therefore contribute to the portfolio of quality control applications in routine cell and tissue cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Pečinka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Moráň
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kovačovicová
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesca Meloni
- Chemical and Geological Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tiziana Pivetta
- Chemical and Geological Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Wu Q, Berglund AE, Macaulay RJ, Etame AB. Epigenetic Activation of TUSC3 Sensitizes Glioblastoma to Temozolomide Independent of MGMT Promoter Methylation Status. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15179. [PMID: 37894860 PMCID: PMC10606804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is an important first-line treatment for glioblastoma (GBM), but there are limitations to TMZ response in terms of durability and dependence on the promoter methylation status of the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). MGMT-promoter-hypermethylated (MGMT-M) GBMs are more sensitive to TMZ than MGMT-promoter-hypomethylated (MGMT-UM) GBMs. Moreover, TMZ resistance is inevitable even in TMZ-sensitive MGMT-M GBMs. Hence, epigenetic reprogramming strategies are desperately needed in order to enhance TMZ response in both MGMT-M and MGMT-UM GBMs. In this study, we present novel evidence that the epigenetic reactivation of Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 (TUSC3) can reprogram sensitivity of GBM stem cells (GSCs) to TMZ irrespective of MGMT promoter methylation status. Interrogation of TCGA patient GBM datasets confirmed TUSC3 promoter regulation of TUSC3 expression and also revealed a strong positive correlation between TUSC3 expression and GBM patient survival. Using a combination of loss-of-function, gain-of-function and rescue studies, we demonstrate that TUSC3 reactivation is associated with enhanced TMZ response in both MGMT-M and MGMT-UM GSCs. Further, we provide novel evidence that the demethylating agent 5-Azacitidine (5-Aza) reactivates TUSC3 expression in MGMT-M GSCs, whereas the combination of 5-Aza and MGMT inhibitor Lomeguatrib is necessary for TUSC3 reactivation in MGMT-UM GSCs. Lastly, we propose a pharmacological epigenetic reactivation strategy involving TUSC3 that leads to significantly prolonged survival in MGMT-M and MGMT-UM orthotopic GSCs models. Collectively, our findings provide a framework and rationale to further explore TUSC3-mediated epigenetic reprogramming strategies that could enhance TMZ sensitivity and outcomes in GBM. Mechanistic and translational evidence gained from such studies could contribute towards optimal design of impactful trials for MGMT-UM GBMs that currently do not have good treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Anders E. Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert J. Macaulay
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Arnold B. Etame
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Deng R, Lu X, Hong C, Cai R, Wang P, Xiong L, Wang X, Chen Q, Lin J. Downregulation of TUSC3 promotes EMT and hepatocellular carcinoma progression through LIPC/AKT axis. Lab Invest 2022; 20:485. [PMID: 36274132 PMCID: PMC9590144 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and malignant tumors in the digestive tract. Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 (TUSC3) is one subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum Oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex, which plays an important role in N-glycosylation during the protein folding process. However, the role of TUSC3 in the initiation and progression of HCC has not been mentioned yet. In the present study, we aim to investigate the effects of TUSC3 on the initiation and progression of HCC. Methods Immunohistochemical assay and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of TUSC3 and lipase C hepatic type (LIPC) in HCC tissue and cells. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function were applied to detect the function of TUSC3 and LIPC in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence assay and co-immunoprecipitation were used to detect the relationship between TUSC3 and LPC. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and the Akt signaling pathway. Results TUSC3 was aberrantly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared to the matched adjacent normal tissues, which resulted in bigger size of tumor (P = 0.001, Table 2), worse differentiation (P = 0.006, Table 2) and an advanced BCLC stage. Down-regulation of TUSC3 led to the enhanced proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo and vitro, whereas the opposite effect could be observed in the TUSC3-overexpression group. The analysis of TUSC3 microarray showed that LIPC, a glycoprotein primarily synthesized and secreted by hepatocytes, was a downstream target of TUSC3, and it negatively modulated the development of HCC. The morphological changes in HCC cells indicated that TUSC3 regulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, TUSC3 inhibited EMT progression through the LIPC/AKT axis. Conclusion Down-regulation of TUSC3 promotes EMT progression by activating AKT signaling via targeting LIPC in HCC, which is probably the possible mechanism driving TUSC3-deficient hepatocellular carcinoma cells toward a malignant phenotype.
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Joshi S, Garlapati C, Aneja R. Epigenetic Determinants of Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer: Looking beyond Genetic Alterations. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081903. [PMID: 35454810 PMCID: PMC9025441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A substantial disparity in breast cancer incidence and mortality exists between African American (AA) and European American (EA) women. However, the basis for these disparities is poorly understood. In this article, we describe that gene–environment interactions mediated through epigenetic modifications may play a significant role in racial disparities in BC incidence and outcomes. Our in silico analyses and an in-depth literature survey suggest that there exists a significant difference in epigenetic patterns between AA and EA women with breast cancer. Herein, we describe the environmental factors that contribute to these epigenetic changes, which may underlie the disparate racial burden in patients with breast cancer. We suggest that AA women with higher basal epigenetic changes, may have higher pre-disposition to cancer onset, and an aggressive disease course. Pre-existing racial differences in epigenetic profiles of breast tissues raises the possibility of examining these profiles for early diagnosis. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Despite advancements in BC screening, prevention, and treatment, BC incidence and mortality remain high among African American (AA) women. Compared with European American (EA) women, AA women tend to be diagnosed with more advanced and aggressive tumors and exhibit worse survival outcomes. Most studies investigating the determinants of racial disparities in BC have focused on genetic factors associated with African ancestry. However, various environmental and social stressors over an individual’s life course can also shape racial stratification in BC. These social and environmental exposures result in long-term changes in gene expression mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetics is often portrayed as an intersection of socially patterned stress and genetic expression. The enduring nature of epigenetic changes makes them suitable for studying the effects of different environmental exposures over an individual’s life course on gene expression. The role of differential social and environmental exposures in racial disparities in BC suggests varied epigenetic profiles or signatures associated with specific BC subtypes in AA and EA women. These epigenetic profiles in EA and AA women could be used as biomarkers for early BC diagnosis and disease prognosis and may prove valuable for the development of targeted therapies for BC. This review article discusses the current state of knowledge regarding epigenetic differences between AA and EA women with BC. We also discuss the role of socio-environmental factors, including psychosocial stress, environmental toxicants, and dietary factors, in delineating the different epigenetic profiles in AA and EA patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Joshi
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.J.); (C.G.)
| | | | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (S.J.); (C.G.)
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: or
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Sun F, Jie Q, Li Q, Wei Y, Li H, Yue X, Ma Y. TUSC3 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in cervical squamous cell carcinoma via suppression of the AKT signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:1629-1642. [PMID: 35137520 PMCID: PMC8899155 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The decreased expression of tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) is associated with proliferation in several types of cancer, leading to an unfavourable prognosis. The present study aimed to assess the cellular and molecular function of TUSC3 in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Levels of mRNA expressions of TUSC3 were analysed in CSCC tissues and six cell lines using qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to evaluate the protein expression level of TUSC3 in four paired specimens, 220 paraffin-embedded CSCC specimens and 60 cases of normal cervical tissues(NCTs), respectively. Short hairpin RNA interference was employed for TUSC3 knockdown. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated using growth curve, MTT assay, wound healing, transwell assay and xenograft tumour model, respectively. The results demonstrated that TUSC3 mRNA and protein expression levels were downregulated in CSCC samples. Multivariate and univariate analyses indicated that TUSC3 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with CSCC. Decreased TUSC3 expression levels were significantly associated with proliferation and an aggressive phenotype of cervical cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the knockdown of TUSC3 promoted migration and invasion of cancer cells, while the increased expression of TUSC3 exhibited the opposite effects. The downregulation of TUSC3 facilitated proliferation and invasion of CSCC cells through the activation of the AKT signalling pathway. Our data demonstrated that the downregulation of TUSC3 promoted CSCC cell metastasis via the AKT signalling pathway. Therefore, TUSC3 may serve as a novel prognostic marker and potential target for CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic ResearchHainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemiathe Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Reproductive Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanP.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resourcethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
| | - Qiuling Jie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic ResearchHainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemiathe Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Reproductive Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanP.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resourcethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
| | - Qi Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic ResearchHainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemiathe Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Reproductive Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanP.R. China
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resourcethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
- Hainan Modern Women and Children’s HospitialReproductive MedicineHaikouHainanChina
| | - Yunjian Wei
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic ResearchHainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemiathe Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Reproductive Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanP.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resourcethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
| | - Xiaojing Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic ResearchHainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemiathe Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Reproductive Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanP.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
- Haikou Key Laboratory for Preservation of Human Genetic Resourcethe First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanChina
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Abdullah TM, Whatmore J, Bremer E, Slibinskas R, Michalak M, Eggleton P. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced release and binding of calreticulin from human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1655-1669. [PMID: 34800147 PMCID: PMC9188521 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calreticulin (CRT) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, but can appear surface bound on cancers cells, including ovarian cancers (OC). We investigated at what stage of cell viability, CRT appeared associated with surface of human OC cells. CRT on pre-apoptotic tumour cells is thought to initiate their eradication via a process termed immunogenic cell death (ICD). METHODS We treated OC cells with the chemotherapeutic-doxorubicin (DX) known to induce translocation of CRT to some tumour cell surfaces, with and without the ER stressor-thapsigargin (TG)-and/or an ER stress inhibitor-TUDCA. We monitored translocation/release of CRT in pre-apoptotic cells by flow cytometry, immunoblotting and ELISA. We investigated the difference in binding of FITC-CRT to pre-apoptotic, apoptotic and necrotic cells and the ability of extracellular CRT to generate immature dendritic cells from THP-1 monocytes. RESULTS Dx-treatment increased endogenously released CRT and extracellular FITC_CRT binding to human pre-apoptotic OC cells. DX and TG also promoted cell death in OC cells which also increased CRT release. These cellular responses were significantly inhibited by TUDCA, suggesting that ER stress is partially responsible for the changes in CRT cellular distribution. Extracellular CRT induces maturation of THP-1 towards a imDC phenotype, an important component of ICD. CONCLUSION Collectively, these cellular responses suggest that ER stress is partially responsible for the changes in CRT cellular distribution. ER-stress regulates in part the release and binding of CRT to human OC cells where it may play a role in ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trefa M Abdullah
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,College of Pharmacy, Department Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, University of Sulaimani, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Jacqueline Whatmore
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Department of Experimental Hematology, Section Immunohematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen (CRCG), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Department of Eukaryote Gene Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marek Michalak
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Paul Eggleton
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.,Revolo Biotherapeutics, New Orleans, LA, 70130, USA
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Li J, Xue H, Xiang Z, Song S, Yan R, Ji J, Zhu Z, Wei C, Yu Y. Genetic Profiles Affect the Biological Effects of Serine on Gastric Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1183. [PMID: 32848786 PMCID: PMC7411129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high serine content in body fluid was identified in a portion of patients with gastric cancer, but its biological significance was not clear. Here, we investigated the biological effect of serine on gastric cancer cells. Serine was added into the culture medium of MGC803 and HGC27 cancer cells, and its influence on multiple biological functions, such as cell growth, migration and invasion, and drug resistance was analyzed. We examined the global transcriptomic profiles in these cultured cells with high serine content. Both MGC803 and HGC27 cell lines were originated from male patients, however, their basal gene expression patterns were very different. The finding of cell differentiation-associated genes, ALPI, KRT18, TM4SF1, KRT81, A2M, MT1E, MUC16, BASP1, TUSC3, and PRSS21 in MGC803 cells suggested that this cell line was more poorly differentiated, compared to HGC27 cell line. When the serine concentration was increased to 150mg/ml in medium, the response of these two gastric cancer cell lines was different, particularly on cell growth, cell migration, and invasion and 5-FU resistance. In animal experiment, administration of high concentration of serine promoted cancer cell metastasis to local lymph node. Taken together, we characterized the basal gene expressing profiles of MGC803 and HGC27. The HGC27 cells were more differentiated than MGC803 cells. MGC803 cells were more sensitive to the change of serine content. Our results suggested that the responsiveness of cancer cells to microenvironmental change is associated with their genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhang Xue
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuzheng Song
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ranlin Yan
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaochun Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics and Data Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Department of Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kong L, Sun Y, Chen M, Dai Y, Liu Z. Downregulation of microRNA-320a inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells via targeting TUSC3. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:9. [PMID: 32934674 PMCID: PMC7471862 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-320a is specific to vertebrates and has been indicated to serve a role in a number of cancer types, such as gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and ovarian cancer. miR-320a has been reported to be expressed at high levels in retinoblastoma tissues; however its role and mechanism of function in retinoblastoma remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-320a in retinoblastoma cells and the underlying mechanisms. The expression of miR-320a in retinoblastoma cell lines Y79 and WERI-Rb-1, and normal human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 was examined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). TargetScan bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to predict and reveal the target gene of miR-320a. Target gene expression was detected via RT-qPCR in retinoblastoma cell lines and ARPE-19 cells. Subsequently, gain- or loss-of-function experiments for miR-320a and tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) were performed to study the role of miR-320a/TUSC3 in retinoblastoma cells. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed via MTT and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Compared with ARPE-19 cells, miR-320a was prominently expressed in retinoblastoma cell lines. TUSC3 was predicted to be a target gene of miR-320a. Compared with ARPE-19 cells, the expression of TUSC3 in retinoblastoma cell lines was reduced. The results of MTT and flow cytometry analysis revealed that overexpression of TUSC3 reduced the viability of retinoblastoma cells and induced apoptosis. Additional analysis indicated that miR-320a inhibitor enhanced the expression of the target gene TUSC3, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma cell viability and inducing apoptosis. The effects of miR-320a inhibitor on retinoblastoma cells were inhibited by TUSC3-short hairpin RNA. miR-320a regulated the viability and apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells via targeting TUSC3. Therefore, the present study provided a reference for investigating a potential target for the clinical treatment of retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Maosheng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
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Wang S, Zhu W. Tumour suppressor candidate 3 inhibits biological function and increases endoplasmic reticulum stress of melanoma cells WM451 by regulating AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:604-612. [PMID: 32090352 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly malignant and is a life-threatening disease with no effective treatment currently. This study aims to evaluate the significance of TUSC3, an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-inducible gene and explore its relationship with AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin signalling pathway in melanoma cell WM451. We investigated TUSC3 expression in melanoma cell by qRT-PCR, CCK-8 and clonal formation assays were utilized to evaluate cell proliferation. Wound healing and transwell experiments detected cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry detected the level of apoptosis. Western blot analysed MMP2, MMP9, p-AKT, p-GSK3-β, β-catenin and AKT, GSK3-β, ERS-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins in WM451 cells. The results revealed that TUSC3 was remarkably decreased in melanoma cell lines. Overexpression of TUSC3 significantly inhibits melanoma cell WM451 biological functions and promotes expression of ERS-related proteins in WM451 cells, increases ERS in WM451 cells by inhibiting AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway. These finding suggest that TUSC3 regulates biological functions of melanoma cells WM451 and increases ERS in melanoma cells WM451 via the inhibition of the AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin signalling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Melanoma is a highly malignant and is a life-threatening disease with no effective treatment currently. Therefore, studying the molecular mechanism of melanoma occurrence and metastasis is essential for the treatment of melanoma. Meanwhile, mounting studies suggest that TUSC3 is considered to be closely associated with the development of various malignancies. TUSC3 regulates proliferation, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, but the molecular mechanism of the tumour suppressor effects of TUSC3 on melanoma cells is not well understood. Our study demonstrates that TUSC3 inhibits biological function of melanoma cells and increases ERS in melanoma cells by inhibiting AKT/GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway. And this is expected to be a new target and method for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujie Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weifang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Harada Y, Ohkawa Y, Kizuka Y, Taniguchi N. Oligosaccharyltransferase: A Gatekeeper of Health and Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236074. [PMID: 31810196 PMCID: PMC6929149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is a multi-span membrane protein complex that catalyzes the addition of glycans to selected Asn residues within nascent polypeptides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. This process, termed N-glycosylation, is a fundamental post-translational protein modification that is involved in the quality control, trafficking of proteins, signal transduction, and cell-to-cell communication. Given these crucial roles, N-glycosylation is essential for homeostasis at the systemic and cellular levels, and a deficiency in genes that encode for OST subunits often results in the development of complex genetic disorders. A growing body of evidence has also demonstrated that the expression of OST subunits is cell context-dependent and is frequently altered in malignant cells, thus contributing to tumor cell survival and proliferation. Importantly, a recently developed inhibitor of OST has revealed this enzyme as a potential target for the treatment of incurable drug-resistant tumors. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding the functions of OST in the light of health and tumor progression, and discusses perspectives on the clinical relevance of inhibiting OST as a tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan; (Y.H.); (Y.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6945-1181
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11
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Tang H, Li K, Zheng J, Dou X, Zhao Y, Wang L. Retracted: microRNA-145 regulates tumor suppressor candidate 3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway to inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8376-8384. [PMID: 30485502 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that microRNA-145 (miR-145) is downregulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of miR-145 in progress of CRC and its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS The expressions of miR-145 and tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) were determined in CRC tissues and cells by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The effects of miR-145 and TUSC3 on cell viability, migration, and invasion of CRC cells were examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-trtrazolium bromide assay and trans-well chamber experiment, respectively. The interaction between miR-145 and TUSC3 was explored by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and Western blot analysis. The abundances of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. RESULTS miR-145 expression was downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and TUSC3 was upregulated in CRC tissues and correlated inversely with miR-145 abundance. Overexpression of miR-145 and knockdown of TUSC3 suppressed cell viability, migration, and invasion in LS174T and HCT116 cells. Moreover, TUSC3 was indicated as a novel target of miR-145 and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-145. Restoration of TUSC3 can partially reverse the inhibitory effects of miR-145 on phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 in CRC cells. CONCLUSION miR-145 can inhibit the viability, migration, and invasion through addressing MAPK signaling pathway by targeting TUSC3 in CRC cells, providing a novel biomarker for treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Tang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Keming Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianyu Zheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Xibin Dou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, China
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Alur VC, Raju V, Vastrad B, Vastrad C. Mining Featured Biomarkers Linked with Epithelial Ovarian CancerBased on Bioinformatics. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9020039. [PMID: 30970615 PMCID: PMC6628368 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the18th most common cancer worldwide and the 8th most common in women. The aim of this study was to diagnose the potential importance of, as well as novel genes linked with, EOC and to provide valid biological information for further research. The gene expression profiles of E-MTAB-3706 which contained four high-grade ovarian epithelial cancer samples, four normal fallopian tube samples and four normal ovarian epithelium samples were downloaded from the ArrayExpress database. Pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, microRNA-target gene regulatory network and TFs (transcription factors) -target gene regulatory network for up- and down-regulated were analyzed using Cytoscape. In total, 552 DEGs were found, including 276 up-regulated and 276 down-regulated DEGs. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that most DEGs were significantly enriched in chemical carcinogenesis, urea cycle, cell adhesion molecules and creatine biosynthesis. GO enrichment analysis showed that most DEGs were significantly enriched in translation, nucleosome, extracellular matrix organization and extracellular matrix. From protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis, modules, microRNA-target gene regulatory network and TFs-target gene regulatory network for up- and down-regulated, and the top hub genes such as E2F4, SRPK2, A2M, CDH1, MAP1LC3A, UCHL1, HLA-C (major histocompatibility complex, class I, C), VAT1, ECM1 and SNRPN (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N) were associated in pathogenesis of EOC. The high expression levels of the hub genes such as CEBPD (CCAAT enhancer binding protein delta) and MID2 in stages 3 and 4 were validated in the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. CEBPD andMID2 were associated with the worst overall survival rates in EOC. In conclusion, the current study diagnosed DEGs between normal and EOC samples, which could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in the progression of EOC. These new key biomarkers might be used as therapeutic targets for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Chandra Alur
- Department of Endocrinology, J.J. M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka 577004, India.
| | - Varshita Raju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, J.J. M Medical College, Davanagere, Karnataka 577004, India.
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SET`S College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, Karnataka 580002, India.
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics,Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar,Dharwad, Karanataka 580001, India.
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13
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Yan Y, Chen Z, Liao Y, Zhou J. TUSC3 as a potential biomarker for prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5073-5079. [PMID: 31186719 PMCID: PMC6507427 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the expression levels of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its clinical value. Immunohistochemical staining, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect TUSC3 expression in paracancerous normal tissues and ccRCC tissues. The tissues were derived from the pathological specimens of 54 patients with ccRCC. Additionally, associations among TUSC3 expression and histological grade and clinicopathological staging of ccRCC were investigated. The results of these comparisons revealed that TUSC3 expression in ccRCC tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.05). TUSC3 expression in the high differentiation group was higher than that in the median and low differentiation groups (P<0.05). Expression levels of TUSC3 in stage I and II tissues were higher than those in stage III and IV tissues (P<0.05). The expression levels of TUSC3 in the lymph node metastasis group were lower than those in the non-lymph node metastasis group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the expression levels of TUSC3 in human ccRCC tissues were downregulated compared with those found in normal human renal tissue, and TUSC3 may inhibit the progression of ccRCC. Furthermore, the TUSC3 gene may be used as a promising tumor marker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youji Yan
- Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjun Chen
- Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Yixiang Liao
- Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
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14
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Moráň L, Pivetta T, Masuri S, Vašíčková K, Walter F, Prehn J, Elkalaf M, Trnka J, Havel J, Vaňhara P. Mixed copper(ii)–phenanthroline complexes induce cell death of ovarian cancer cells by evoking the unfolded protein response. Metallomics 2019; 11:1481-1489. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an ongoing need for development of new therapeutics that override acquired resistance to cancer therapy. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum by Cu(ii)–phenanthroline complexes may represent such alternative strategy to current cytotoxic drugs.
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15
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Jeon YJ, Kim T, Park D, Nuovo GJ, Rhee S, Joshi P, Lee BK, Jeong J, Suh SS, Grotzke JE, Kim SH, Song J, Sim H, Kim Y, Peng Y, Jeong Y, Garofalo M, Zanesi N, Kim J, Liang G, Nakano I, Cresswell P, Nana-Sinkam P, Cui R, Croce CM. miRNA-mediated TUSC3 deficiency enhances UPR and ERAD to promote metastatic potential of NSCLC. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5110. [PMID: 30504895 PMCID: PMC6269493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 (TUSC3) at chromosome 8p22 known to be frequently deleted in cancer is often found to be deleted in advanced stage of solid tumors. However, the role of TUSC3 still remains controversial in lung cancer and context-dependent in several cancers. Here we propose that miR-224/-520c-dependent TUSC3 deficiency enhances the metastatic potential of NSCLC through the alteration of three unfolded protein response pathways and HRD1-dependent ERAD. ATF6α-dependent UPR is enhanced whereas the affinity of HRD1 to its substrates, PERK, IRE1α and p53 is weakened. Consequently, the alteration of UPRs and the suppressed p53-NM23H1/2 pathway by TUSC3 deficiency is ultimately responsible for enhancing metastatic potential of lung cancer. These findings provide mechanistic insight of unrecognized roles of TUSC3 in cancer progression and the oncogenic role of HRD1-dependent ERAD in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Jeon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Taewan Kim
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dongju Park
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gerard J Nuovo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Siyeon Rhee
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Pooja Joshi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bum-Kyu Lee
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Johan Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sung-Suk Suh
- Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Muan, 58554, South Korea
| | - Jeff E Grotzke
- Departments of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
- Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Jieun Song
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hosung Sim
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Life System, Sookmyung Woman's University, Seoul, 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Peng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Youngtae Jeong
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Michela Garofalo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research United Kingdom Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Zanesi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Departments of Immunobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ri Cui
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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16
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Feng S, Zhai J, Lu D, Lin J, Dong X, Liu X, Wu H, Roden AC, Brandi G, Tavolari S, Bille A, Cai K. TUSC3 accelerates cancer growth and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by upregulating claudin-1 in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2018; 373:44-56. [PMID: 30098333 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, but its molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. The tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) gene is located on chromosome 8p22 and is universally acknowledged as a cancer suppressor. However, our research has demonstrated that TUSC3 expression is significantly upregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer compared to benign controls. In this study, we analyzed the consequences of TUSC3 knockdown or overexpression on the biological functions of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. To identify the molecules and signaling pathways with which TUSC3 might interact, we completed immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, microarray, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence assays. We demonstrated that TUSC3 knockdown leads to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion, and reduced xenograft tumor growth of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines, whereas opposite results were observed with overexpression of TUSC3. In addition, TUSC3 knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition by downregulating the expression of claudin-1, which plays an indispensable role in EMT progress. On the contrary, overexpression of TUSC3 significantly enhanced EMT progress by upregulating claudin-1 expression. Overall, our observations suggest that TUSC3 accelerates cancer growth and induces the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer cells; we also identified claudin-1 as a target of TUSC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jianxue Zhai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiguang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University Hospital S. Orsola, Malpighi Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University Hospital S. Orsola, Malpighi Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138, Italy
| | - Andrea Bille
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by tauroursodeoxycholic acid delays senescence of mouse ovarian surface epithelium. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:643-652. [PMID: 30066106 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) forms a single layer of mostly cuboidal cells on surface of mammalian ovaries that is inherently exposed to cell stress evoked by tissue damage every ovulation and declines morphologically after menopause. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a principal cell organelle involved in proteosynthesis, but also integrating various stress signals. ER stress evokes a conserved signaling pathway, the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to cell death or adaptation to stress conditions. In this work, we document that mouse OSE suffers from ER stress during replicative senescence in vitro, develops abnormalities in ER and initiates UPR. Attenuation of ER stress in senescent OSE by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) reconditions ER architecture and leads to delayed onset of senescence. In summary, we show for the first time a mutual molecular link between ER stress response and replicative senescence leading to phenotypic changes of non-malignant ovarian surface epithelium.
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18
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Zhu YF, Dong M. Expression of TUSC3 and its prognostic significance in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1497-1503. [PMID: 30115537 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) has been reported be associated with embryogenesis and metabolism. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of TUSC3 in CRC tissues, and to evaluate the clinical pathological characters and prognostic significance. METHOD First, we performed a bioinformatics analysis by using Oncomine and COEXPEDIA databases. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed using TCGA data set. Then, the protein expression level of TUSC3 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 230 pairs of primary colorectal cancer and corresponding non-tumor tissues. RESULT We investigated Oncomine databases and found that TUSC3 mRNA expression was significantly higher in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. The immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that TUSC3 was overexpressed in the CRC tissues. Furthermore, TUSC3 overexpression was associated with T stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. TUSC3 overexpression was associated with worse overall survival for CRC, and retained significance as an independent prognostic factor for CRC. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that TUSC3 expression was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling pathway and TUSC3 co-expression genes were obtained from COEXPEDIA. CONCLUSION TUSC3 may act as an oncogene in the progression of colorectal cancer. Moreover, TUSC3 has potential to be used as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng Zhu
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliate Hospital of China Medical University, No.92 of Beima Road, Postal Code:110001, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Luo J, Zhu H, Jiang H, Cui Y, Wang M, Ni X, Ma C. The effects of aberrant expression of LncRNA DGCR5/miR-873-5p/TUSC3 in lung cancer cell progression. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3331-3341. [PMID: 29790668 PMCID: PMC6051201 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all pulmonary carcinomas. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been paid attention for exploring treatment of various diseases. Upregulation of DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 5 (DGCR5) predicts better lung squamous cell carcinoma prognosis; therefore, we explore the role of DGCR5 in lung cancer in our present study. Consecutive patients with LC were treated in our hospital between January 2015 and January 2016. qRT‐PCR demonstrated that DGCR5 was significantly lower in neoplastic tissues than in non‐neoplastic tissues. For in vitro experiments, cell growth, migration, and invasion were significantly lower in A549 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1‐DGCR5 than pcDNA3.1, which were verified by 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, scratch test, and transwell assay, respectively, with no significant induction on cell apoptosis that was demonstrated by flow cytometry (FCM) assay. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3, 49‐55 bp) and DGCR5 (801‐807 bp) shared a common hsa‐miR‐873‐5p binding site, and the direct interaction between DGCR5 and hsa‐miR‐873‐5p or hsa‐miR‐873‐5p and TUSC3 was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. qRT‐PCR demonstrated that hsa‐miR‐873‐5p was dramatically higher and TUSC3 was significantly lower in neoplastic tissues than in non‐neoplastic tissues. DGCR5 decreased the protein level of TUSC3 by miR‐873‐5p which was demonstrated by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The role of DGCR5 in tumorigenesis in vivo was consistent with in vitro assays, Ki‐67‐positive cell number (exhibited by immunohistochemical staining), tumor size, and tumor weight of A549‐DGCR5 group were significantly lower in comparison with A549‐control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judong Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Minhang Branch of Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yayun Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xinye Ni
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Changsheng Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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20
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Xiang L, Rong G, Zhao J, Wang Z, Shi F. Identification of candidate genes associated with tubal origin of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7769-7775. [PMID: 29731902 PMCID: PMC5920857 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma arises from the fallopian tube, rather than ovarian surface epithelium. This is termed the 'tubal origin' theory. The aim of the present study was to compare the immunophenotype and gene expression profiling among high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) and ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) based on tubal origin theory, and identify the differential genes associated with ovarian carcinogenesis. A total of 61 cases of fresh tissue samples including 21 cases of HGSOC, 20 cases of OSE, and 20 cases of FTE were obtained following surgical resection. Immunostaining was performed to detect the expression of PAX8, which has been considered as a potential immunophenotype marker of Müllerian origin. Illumina BeadChip was applied for gene expression profiling. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to confirm the differential expression of candidate genes between HGSOC and FTE. The results of the present study demonstrated that PAX8 was highly expressed in HGSOC (19/21, 90.4%) and FTE (20/20, 100%), but not in OSE (3/20, 14.3%). A dendrogram generated by cluster analysis indicated a higher similarity of gene expression profile between HGSOC and FTE than OSE. A total of 2,412 differentially expressed genes were identified (absolute fold change >2) between HGSOC and FTE, including 822 upregulated genes in cancer and 1,590 downregulated genes. S100 calcium binding protein P, Ras-interacting protein 1, Wnt family member 5A, tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3 and tumor suppressor candidate 3 genes were identified as candidate markers, of which the differential gene expression in HGSOC and FTE was confirmed by RT-qPCR (P<0.05). The results indicate the presence of a greater similarity in the immunophenotype and gene expression profile of HGSOC and FTE, when compared with OSE, which was consistent with the tubal origin theory of HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Rong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Fengfeng Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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Vašíčková K, Horak P, Vaňhara P. TUSC3: functional duality of a cancer gene. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:849-857. [PMID: 28929175 PMCID: PMC11105401 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Two decades ago, following a systematic screening of LOH regions on chromosome 8p22, TUSC3 has been identified as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in ovarian, prostate and pancreatic cancers. Since then, a growing body of evidence documented its clinical importance in various other types of cancers, and first initial insights into its molecular function and phenotypic effects have been gained, though the precise role of TUSC3 in different cancers remains unclear. As a part of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex, TUSC3 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and functions in final steps of N-glycosylation of proteins, while its loss evokes the unfolded protein response. We are still trying to figure out how this mechanistic function is reconcilable with its varied effects on cancer promotion. In this review, we focus on cancer-related effects of TUSC3 and envisage a possible role of TUSC3 beyond endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Vašíčková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 126/3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Horak
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 126/3, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 65691, Brno, Czech Republic.
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22
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Sheng XR, Xing SG, Wang RD, Chen K, Jia WD. Low levels of tumor suppressor candidate 3 predict poor prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:909-917. [PMID: 29503566 PMCID: PMC5825997 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s153381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) has been considered to be closely associated with the occurrence, development and invasion of various malignant tumors. However, the expression of TUSC3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues remains ambiguous. The purpose of this research was to investigate the expression of TUSC3 in HCC tissues and analyze the relationship between TUSC3 levels and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of HCC patients. Materials and methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TUSC3 in HCC and the corresponding para-cancerous tissues from 92 samples of HCC patients. mRNA and protein expression levels of TUSC3 were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot assays in 25 paired HCC and corresponding adjacent nontumor tissues. Furthermore, statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the correlation between TUSC3 level and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of HCC patients. Results Immunohistochemical assay indicated that the expression of TUSC3 was significantly lower in HCC tissues when compared with the corresponding para-cancerous tissues (χ2=11.512, P=0.001). The analysis of clinicopathological characteristics showed that low expression of TUSC3 in HCC tissues was significantly associated with Edmondson grade, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage and tumor size (P=0.008, 0.009 and 0.020, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that the expression of TUSC3 was strongly correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after radical surgery in HCC patients (P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that the TUSC3 level was an independent risk factor for OS and DFS in HCC patients (P=0.001, P<0.001, respectively). Results of qRT-PCR and Western blot assays indicated that the level of TUSC3 in HCC tissues was significantly lower than that in the corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues (P<0.01, P<0.001). Conclusion The expression of TUSC3 in HCC was significantly downregulated and was correlated with tumor progression and prognosis, which could be used as an independent predictor of prognosis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ren Sheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery
| | - Song-Ge Xing
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery.,CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Dong Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery
| | - Kang Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery
| | - Wei-Dong Jia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery
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23
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Vu T, Datta PK. Regulation of EMT in Colorectal Cancer: A Culprit in Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9120171. [PMID: 29258163 PMCID: PMC5742819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9120171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process during which cells lose their epithelial characteristics, for instance cell polarity and cell-cell contact, and gain mesenchymal properties, such as increased motility. In colorectal cancer (CRC), EMT is associated with an invasive or metastatic phenotype. In this review, we discuss recent studies exploring novel regulation mechanisms of EMT in CRC, including the identification of new CRC EMT regulators. Upregulation of inducers can promote EMT, leading to increased invasiveness and metastasis in CRC. These inducers can downregulate E-cadherin and upregulate N-cadherin and vimentin (VIM) through modulating EMT-related signaling pathways, for instance WNT/β-catenin and TGF-β, and EMT transcription factors, such as zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and ZEB2. In addition, several microRNAs (miRNAs), including members of the miR-34 and miR-200 families, are found to target mRNAs of EMT-transcription factors, for example ZEB1, ZEB2, or SNAIL. Downregulation of these miRNAs is associated with distant metastasis and advanced stage tumors. Furthermore, the role of EMT in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is also discussed. Mesenchymal markers on the surface of EMT CTCs were found to be associated with metastasis and could serve as potential biomarkers for metastasis. Altogether, these studies indicate that EMT is orchestrated by a complicated network, involving regulators of different signaling pathways. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying EMT in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Vu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Pran K Datta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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24
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Moore KN, Tritchler D, Kaufman KM, Lankes H, Quinn MCJ, Van Le L, Berchuck A, Backes FJ, Tewari KS, Lee RB, Kesterson JP, Wenham RM, Armstrong DK, Krivak TC, Bookman MA, Birrer MJ. Genome-wide association study evaluating single-nucleotide polymorphisms and outcomes in patients with advanced stage serous ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 147:396-401. [PMID: 28935272 PMCID: PMC5706110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced stage serous EOC. METHODS Patients enrolled in GOG-172 and 182 who provided specimens for translational research and consent were included. Germline DNA was evaluated with the Illumina's HumanOMNI1-Quad beadchips and scanned using Illumina's iScan optical imaging system. SNPs with allele frequency>0.05 and genotyping rate>0.98 were included. Analysis of SNPs for PFS and OS was done using Cox regression. Statistical significance was determined using Bonferroni corrected p-values with genomic control adjustment. RESULTS The initial GWAS analysis included 1,124,677 markers in 396 patients. To obtain the final data set, quality control checks were performed and limited to serous tumors and self-identified Caucasian race. In total 636,555 SNPs and 289 patients passed all the filters. The pre-specified statistical level of significance was 7.855e-08. No SNPs met this criteria for PFS or OS, however, two SNPs were close to significance (rs10899426 p-2.144e-08) (rs6256 p-9.774e-07) for PFS and 2 different SNPs were identified (rs295315 p-7.536e-07; rs17693104 p-7.734e-07) which were close to significance for OS. CONCLUSIONS Using the pre-specified level of significance of 1×10-08, we did not identify any SNPs of statistical significance for OS or PFS, however several were close. The SNP's identified in this GWAS study will require validation and these preliminary findings may lead to identification of novel pathways and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Moore
- Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center at the University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
| | - David Tritchler
- The Gynecologic Oncology Group Biostatistics Office, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Heather Lankes
- Statistics and Data Management Center, NRG Oncology, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Michael C J Quinn
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Linda Van Le
- UNC, Chapel Hill, Department of OB/GYN, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Duke University Medical Center, Room 25172, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Floor J Backes
- Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Hilliard, OH 43026, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Deborah K Armstrong
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Thomas C Krivak
- Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Michael A Bookman
- Gynecologic Oncology Research, US Oncology Research Arizona Oncology, Tucson, AZ 85711, USA.
| | - Michael J Birrer
- Gynecological Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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25
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Peng Y, Cao J, Yao XY, Wang JX, Zhong MZ, Gan PP, Li JH. TUSC3 induces autophagy in human non-small cell lung cancer cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52960-52974. [PMID: 28881786 PMCID: PMC5581085 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) on autophagy in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. A total of 118 NSCLC patients (88 males and 30 females) who underwent surgery at our institute were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that TUSC3 protein expression was lower in NSCLC specimens than adjacent normal tissue. Correspondingly, there was greater methylation of TUSC3 in NSCLC than adjacent normal tissue. After transient transfection of A549 NSCLC cells with constructs designed to up-regulate or down-regulate TUSC3 expression, we analyzed the effects of inhibiting the Wnt pathway (XAV939) and autophagy (chloroquine, CQ) on the behavior of NSCLC cells. We also performed TOP/FOP-Flash reporter assays, MTT assays, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, and acridine orange staining to evaluate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy, respectively. Expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components and autophagy-related proteins was analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. We found that TUSC3 inhibited cell proliferation and promoted both apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells. In addition, TUSC3 increased expression of autophagy-related proteins. It also increased expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway components and promoted nuclear transfer of β-catenin, resulting in activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. TUSC3 thus induces autophagy in human NSCLC cells through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Peng
- 1 International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Yao
- 3 Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- 4 School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Zuo Zhong
- 3 Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Ping Gan
- 3 Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Huang Li
- 3 Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, P.R. China
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Yang N, Qu YJ, Cheng Y, Liang T, Zhang MN, Zhang D, Dong LN, Wang XW, Zhang GM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates proliferation, migration and invasion of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Cancer Biomark 2017; 19:263-269. [PMID: 28453460 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Jun Qu
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tian Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mei-Na Zhang
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li-Na Dong
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Department of Gynecological and Obstetric Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guang-Mei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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27
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Gu Y, Pei X, Ren Y, Cai K, Guo K, Chen J, Qin W, Lin M, Wang Q, Tang N, Cheng Z, Ding Y, Lin J. Oncogenic function of TUSC3 in non-small cell lung cancer is associated with Hedgehog signalling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1749-1760. [PMID: 28487226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 75-80% of all lung carcinomas, which is the most common cause of death from cancer. Tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) is pivotal in many biochemical functions and cytological processes. Dis-regulation of TUSC3 is frequently observed in epithelial cancers. In this study, we observed up-regulated TUSC3 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in clinical NSCLC samples compared with adjacent non-tumorous lung tissues. The expression level of TUSC3 is significantly correlated with tumour metastasis and patient survival. Overexpression of TUSC3 in NSCLC cells led to increased proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and accelerated xenograft tumour growth in vivo, while the opposite effects were achieved in TUSC3-silenced cells. Increased GLI1, SMO, PTCH1, and PTCH2 abundance were observed in TUSC3 overexpressed cells using western blotting. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analyses further revealed interaction between TUSC3 and GLI1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated an oncogenic role of TUSC3 in NSCLC and showed that dis-regulation of TUSC3 may affect tumour cell invasion and migration through possible involvement in the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Pei
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Department of Pathology, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, PR China
| | - Yansong Ren
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jiaye Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Weizhao Qin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Mingdao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 510820, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 510820, PR China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital & School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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28
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Liu K, Xie F, Gao A, Zhang R, Zhang L, Xiao Z, Hu Q, Huang W, Huang Q, Lin B, Zhu J, Wang H, Que J, Lan X. SOX2 regulates multiple malignant processes of breast cancer development through the SOX2/miR-181a-5p, miR-30e-5p/TUSC3 axis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:62. [PMID: 28288641 PMCID: PMC5348847 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of SOX2 protein are correlated with increased dissemination of breast cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS In this study we investigate the role of SOX2 in breast cancer metastasis using multiple in vitro and in vivo assays including cell culture, shRNA-mediated knockdown, wound healing, colony formation, transwell chamber, xenograft and tail vein injection. Moreover, western blot, immunostaining, microarray and real-time PCR were used to determine the change of protein and miRNA levels. Luciferase assays were also used to evaluate activity which TUSC3 is a target of miR-181a-5p and miR-30e-5p, and the clinical survival relevance was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS We identified a novel pathway involving SOX2 regulation of microRNAs to control the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. shRNA-mediated knockdown of SOX2 inhibits breast cancer cell expansion and migration. More importantly, we found that these changes are accompanied by significant reduction in the levels of two microRNAs, miR-181a-5p and miR-30e-5p. Overexpression of these two microRNAs leads to reduced protein levels of Tumor Suppressor Candidate 3 (TUSC3) in breast cancer cells; mutations of the potential binding sites in the 3'-UTR of TUSC3 abrogate the inhibitory effects of the microRNAs. We further found that upregulation of TUSC3 expression leads to reduced proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. In human breast cancer samples the levels of TUSC3 protein are inversely correlated with those of SOX2 protein. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our work reveals a novel SOX2-mediated regulatory axis that plays critical roles in the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Targeting this axis may provide beneficial effect in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuancan Liu
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, 10032, NY, USA. .,Dong fang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Fuzhou General Hospital Clinical Medical School, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuan Xie
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Dong fang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Anding Gao
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Dong fang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Fuzhou General Hospital Clinical Medical School, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhang
- Life Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangwu Xiao
- Emergency Department of the 476 Hospital, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Dong fang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshun Lin
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Dong fang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, 14642, NY, USA
| | - Haikun Wang
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, 10032, NY, USA.
| | - Xiaopeng Lan
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, PLA, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China. .,Fuzhou General Hospital Clinical Medical School, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
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Yu X, Zhai C, Fan Y, Zhang J, Liang N, Liu F, Cao L, Wang J, Du J. TUSC3: a novel tumour suppressor gene and its functional implications. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1711-1718. [PMID: 28272772 PMCID: PMC5571513 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) gene is located on chromosome region 8p22 and encodes the 34 kD TUSC3 protein, which is a subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase responsible for the N‐glycosylation of nascent proteins. Known to be related to autosomal recessive mental retardation for several years, TUSC3 has only recently been identified as a potential tumour suppressor gene. Based on the structure and function of TUSC3, specific mechanisms in various diseases have been investigated. Several studies have demonstrated that TUSC3 is an Mg2+‐transporter involved in magnesium transport and homeostasis, which is important for learning and memory, embryonic development and testis maturation. Moreover, dysfunction or deletion of TUSC3 exerts its oncological effects as a modulator by inhibiting glycosylation efficiency and consequently inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and malignant cell transformation. In this study, we summarize the advances in the studies of TUSC3 and comment on the potential roles of TUSC3 in diagnosis and treatment of TUSC3‐related diseases, especially cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunjuan Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yujun Fan
- Medical Management Service Center of Shandong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission, Jinan, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengjun Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Munkley J. Glycosylation is a global target for androgen control in prostate cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:R49-R64. [PMID: 28159857 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Changes in glycan composition are common in cancer and can play important roles in all of the recognised hallmarks of cancer. We recently identified glycosylation as a global target for androgen control in prostate cancer cells and further defined a set of 8 glycosylation enzymes (GALNT7, ST6GalNAc1, GCNT1, UAP1, PGM3, CSGALNACT1, ST6GAL1 and EDEM3), which are also significantly upregulated in prostate cancer tissue. These 8 enzymes are under direct control of the androgen receptor (AR) and are linked to the synthesis of important cancer-associated glycans such as sialyl-Tn (sTn), sialyl LewisX (SLeX), O-GlcNAc and chondroitin sulfate. Glycosylation has a key role in many important biological processes in cancer including cell adhesion, migration, interactions with the cell matrix, immune surveillance, cell signalling and cellular metabolism. Our results suggest that alterations in patterns of glycosylation via androgen control might modify some or all of these processes in prostate cancer. The prostate is an abundant secretor of glycoproteins of all types, and alterations in glycans are, therefore, attractive as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Emerging data on these often overlooked glycan modifications have the potential to improve risk stratification and therapeutic strategies in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic MedicineNewcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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Zhang Y, Wei Y, Jiang B, Chen L, Bai H, Zhu X, Li X, Zhang H, Yang Q, Ma J, Xu Y, Ben J, Christiani DC, Chen Q. Scavenger Receptor A1 Prevents Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Suppression of Macrophage Serum Amyloid A1. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1586-1598. [PMID: 28202524 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of cross-talk between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which drive metastasis, are not fully understood. Scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) expressed primarily in macrophages has been associated with lung tumorigenesis. In this study, we used population genetics, transcriptomics, and functional analyses to uncover how SR-A1 is involved in lung cancer and its prognosis. SR-A1 genetic variants were investigated for possible association with survival of advanced stage NSCLC patients in the Harvard Lung Cancer Study cohort. Two SNPs (rs17484273, rs1484751) in SR-A1 were associated significantly with poor overall survival in this cohort. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas showed considerable downregulation of SR-A1 in lung tumor tissues. The association of SR-A1 with prognosis was validated in animal models in the context of lung cancer metastasis. Macrophages derived from mice genetically deficient for SR-A1 exhibited accelerated metastasis in a model of lung cancer. On the other hand, tumor cell seeding, migration, and invasion, as well as macrophage accumulation in lung cancer tissue, were enhanced in SR-A1-deficient mice. SR-A1 deletion upregulated serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) in macrophages via MAPK/IκB/NFκB signaling. SAA1 promoted tumor cell invasion and macrophage migration in vitro and in vivo, but these effects were blocked by administration of an anti-SAA1 antibody. Overall, our findings show how SR-A1 suppresses lung cancer metastasis by downregulating SAA1 production in TAMs. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1586-98. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Ben
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhu X, Zhang Y, Huang H, Zhang H, Hou L, Zhang Z. Folic acid-modified and functionalized CuS nanocrystal-based nanoparticles for combined tumor chemo- and photothermal therapy. J Drug Target 2016; 25:425-435. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1266651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, PR China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Heqing Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lin Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, PR China
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33
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Li YG, Liang NX, Qin YZ, Ma DJ, Huang CJ, Liu L, Li SQ. Effects of RNAi-mediated TUSC3 silencing on radiation-induced autophagy and radiation sensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 under hypoxic condition. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5458-3. [PMID: 27900564 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of RNAi-mediated TUSC3 silencing on radiation-induced autophagy and radiation sensitivity of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 under hypoxic condition. Different CoCl2 concentrations were used to treat A549 cells and establish a CoCl2-induced hypoxic model of A549 cells. MTT and clone formation assays were used to determine the effects of different concentrations of CoCl2 on the growth and proliferation of A549 cells treated by different doses of X-ray irradiation. The siRNA-expressing vector was transfected by liposomes and for silencing of TUSC3. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle changes and apoptosis rate. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to detect the expression of TUSC3 mRNA. Western blotting was applied to detect the changes of TUSC3, LC3, and p62 proteins under different CoCl2 concentrations and after siRNA silencing of TUSC3. The TUSC3 levels in A549 cells increased under hypoxic conditions in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Hypoxia inhibited the growth and proliferation of A549 cells and promoted apoptosis (P < 0.05). With an increasing dose of X-ray irradiation, A549 cells showed significantly increased growth and proliferation and decreased apoptosis (P < 0.05). After siRNA-TUSC3 was transfected by liposome, the TUSC3 level was substantially inhibited (P < 0.05). Silencing TUSC3 inhibited A549 cell growth and proliferation after radiotherapy under hypoxic condition, promoted apoptosis, increased G0/G1 phase cells, and reduced S phase cells (all P < 0.05). Hypoxia and radiation along with different CoCl2 concentrations could induce cell autophagy, which increased with concentration and dose, while silencing the TUSC3 gene inhibited autophagy (all P < 0.05). RNAi silencing of TUSC3 inhibited growth and proliferation, while enhanced apoptosis and radiation sensitivity of hypoxic A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Guang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Xin Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Zhi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Jie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jin Huang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, CAMS, PUMC, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Qing Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Zhu X, Huang H, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Hou L, Zhang Z. Cit/CuS@Fe 3O 4-based and enzyme-responsive magnetic nanoparticles for tumor chemotherapy, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:1010-1025. [PMID: 28178904 DOI: 10.1177/0885328216676159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Safe and efficient drug delivery in a controllable fashion, especially remote and repeatable switch of on-demand drug release, is the subject of widespread attention. A kind of magnetic nanoparticles (DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs) simultaneously consisted of Cit/CuS@Fe3O4 and doxorubicin (DOX) was presented. The drug release from DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs could be successfully triggered by the presence of gelatinase, showing great promise for tumor-targeted drug release through an enzymatic degradation mechanism. Compared with free DOX, DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs could not only specially deliver Cit/CuS@Fe3O4 and DOX into MCF-7 cells, but also could greatly improve the quantity of ROS produced in MCF-7 cells under of 980 nm laser irradiation. DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs also had highly selective accumulation at tumor tissue of S180 tumor-bearing mice, which were along with a magnet near the tumor site. Furthermore, when combined with NIR laser irridation, DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs showed a higher antitumor efficacy than the individual therapies in vitro and in vivo. This study showed that DOX-Cit/CuS@Fe3O4-NPs could be used as a platform for tumor chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Zhu
- 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, PR China.,2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Heqing Huang
- 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lin Hou
- 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- 2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China * Both the authors contributed equally to this work
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35
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Jiang Z, Guo M, Zhang X, Yao L, Shen J, Ma G, Liu L, Zhao L, Xie C, Liang H, Wang H, Zhu M, Hu L, Song Y, Shen H, Lin Z. TUSC3 suppresses glioblastoma development by inhibiting Akt signaling. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12039-12047. [PMID: 27177902 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform is one of the most common and most aggressive brain tumors in humans. The molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the onset and progression of GBM are elusive and controversial. The function of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) has not been previously characterized in GBM. TUSC3 was originally identified as part of an enzyme complex involved in N-glycosylation of proteins, but was recently implicated as a potential tumor suppressor gene in a variety of cancer types. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression levels of TUSC3 were downregulated in both GBM tissues and cells, and also found that overexpression of TUSC3 inhibits GBM cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, the effects of increased levels of methylation on the TUSC3 promoter were responsible for decreased expression of TUSC3 in GBM. Finally, we determined that TUSC3 regulates proliferation and invasion of GBM cells by inhibiting the activity of the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Mian Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangtong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Lifen Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Shen
- Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guizhen Ma
- Department of Operating Rooms, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Chuncheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Hongsheng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Minwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China
| | - Zhiguo Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, China.
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Gu Y, Wang Q, Guo K, Qin W, Liao W, Wang S, Ding Y, Lin J. TUSC3 promotes colorectal cancer progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through WNT/β-catenin and MAPK signalling. J Pathol 2016; 239:60-71. [PMID: 27071482 DOI: 10.1002/path.4697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and is the second leading cause of cancer death in humans. Tumour suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) plays an important role in embryogenesis and metabolism. Deletion of TUSC3 often causes non-syndromic mental retardation. Even though TUSC3 deregulation is frequently observed in epithelial cancers, the function of TUSC3 in CRC has remained unknown. In this study, we observed greater expression of TUSC3 at the mRNA and protein level in clinical colorectal tumour samples compared with paired normal tissues. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses were performed to evaluate the functional significance of TUSC3 in CRC initiation and progression. Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation analyses were used to identify potential pathways with which TUSC3 might be involved. Overexpression of TUSC3 in CRC cells induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC cells, accompanied by down-regulation of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, and up-regulation of the mesenchymal marker, vimentin. Increased proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as accelerated xenograft tumour growth, were observed in TUSC3-overexpressing CRC cells, while opposite effects were achieved in TUSC3-silenced cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the oncogenic role of TUSC3 in CRC and showed that TUSC3 may be responsible for alternations in the proliferation ability, aggressiveness, and invasive/metastatic potential of CRC through regulating the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Kang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weizhao Qin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, PR China
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Alvarez C, Aravena A, Tapia T, Rozenblum E, Solís L, Corvalán A, Camus M, Alvarez M, Munroe D, Maass A, Carvallo P. Different Array CGH profiles within hereditary breast cancer tumors associated to BRCA1 expression and overall survival. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:219. [PMID: 26979459 PMCID: PMC4791866 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2261-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Array CGH analysis of breast tumors has contributed to the identification of different genomic profiles in these tumors. Loss of DNA repair by BRCA1 functional deficiency in breast cancer has been proposed as a relevant contribution to breast cancer progression for tumors with no germline mutation. Identifying the genomic alterations taking place in BRCA1 not expressing tumors will lead us to a better understanding of the cellular functions affected in this heterogeneous disease. Moreover, specific genomic alterations may contribute to the identification of potential therapeutic targets and offer a more personalized treatment to breast cancer patients. Methods Forty seven tumors from hereditary breast cancer cases, previously analyzed for BRCA1 expression, and screened for germline BRCA1 and 2 mutations, were analyzed by Array based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) using Agilent 4x44K arrays. Overall survival was established for tumors in different clusters using Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) Test. Gene lists obtained from aCGH analysis were analyzed for Gene Ontology enrichment using GOrilla and DAVID tools. Results Genomic profiling of the tumors showed specific alterations associated to BRCA1 or 2 mutation status, and BRCA1 expression in the tumors, affecting relevant cellular processes. Similar cellular functions were found affected in BRCA1 not expressing and BRCA1 or 2 mutated tumors. Hierarchical clustering classified hereditary breast tumors in four major, groups according to the type and amount of genomic alterations, showing one group with a significantly poor overall survival (p = 0.0221). Within this cluster, deletion of PLEKHO1, GDF11, DARC, DAG1 and CD63 may be associated to the worse outcome of the patients. Conclusions These results support the fact that BRCA1 lack of expression in tumors should be used as a marker for BRCAness and to select these patients for synthetic lethality approaches such as treatment with PARP inhibitors. In addition, the identification of specific alterations in breast tumors associated with poor survival, immune response or with a BRCAness phenotype will allow the use of a more personalized treatment in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alvarez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Aravena
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI 2807 CNRS) and Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34134, Turkey
| | - Teresa Tapia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ester Rozenblum
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Luisa Solís
- Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Corvalán
- Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Camus
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - David Munroe
- Laboratory of Molecular Technology Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Alejandro Maass
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling (UMI 2807 CNRS) and Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Mathematical Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pilar Carvallo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Fan X, Zhang X, Shen J, Zhao H, Yu X, Chen Y, Zhuang Z, Deng X, Feng H, Wang Y, Peng L. Decreased TUSC3 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Proliferation, Invasion and Metastasis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149028. [PMID: 26871953 PMCID: PMC4752499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with dismal prognosis. It is of paramount importance to understand the underlying etiological mechanisms and identify novel, consistent, and easy-to-apply prognostic factors for precision therapy. TUSC3 (tumor suppressor candidate 3) was identified as a potential tumor suppressor gene and previous study showed TUSC3 is decreased in pancreatic cancer at mRNA level, but its putative tumor suppressor function remains to be verified. In this study, TUSC3 expression was found to be suppressed both at mRNA and protein levels in cell line models as well as in clinical samples; decreased TUSC3 expression was associated with higher pathological TNM staging and poorer outcome. In three pairs of cell lines with different NF-κB activity, TUSC3 expression was found to be reversely correlated with NF-κB activity. TUSC3-silenced pancreatic cancer cell line exhibited enhanced potential of proliferation, migration and invasion. In an orthotopic implanted mice model, TUSC3 silenced cells exhibited more aggressive phenotype with more liver metastasis. In conclusion, the current study shows that decreased immunological TUSC3 staining is a factor prognostic of poor survival in pancreatic cancer patients and decreased TUSC3 promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. The reverse correlation between NF-κB activity and TUSC3 expression may suggest a novel regulation pattern for this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Fan
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Haibin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Taihu Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuetao Yu
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong’an Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuonan Zhuang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong University Affiliated Qilu Hospital, Ji’nan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaolong Deng
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Peng
- Department of Oncology, Jimin Hospital, Shanghai, China
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The role of the endoplasmic reticulum stress in stemness, pluripotency and development. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:115-23. [PMID: 26905505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular machinery of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) integrates various intracellular and extracellular cues to maintain homeostasis in diverse physiological or pathological scenarios. ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been found to mediate molecular and biochemical mechanisms that affect cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Although a number of reviews on the ER stress response have been published, comprehensive reviews that broadly summarize ER physiology in the context of pluripotency, embryonic development, and tissue homeostasis are lacking. This review complements the current ER literature and provides a summary of the important findings on the role of the ER stress and UPR in embryonic development and pluripotent stem cells.
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