1
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Biesen L, Hartmann Y, Müller TJJ. Alkynylated and triazole-linked aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals: one-pot synthesis of solid-state emissive dyes with aggregation-induced enhanced emission characteristics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14399. [PMID: 37658089 PMCID: PMC10474010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkynylated aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals are readily synthesized in mostly excellent yields by a Sonogashira reaction resulting in a substance library of more than 20 examples. Upon expansion of the reaction sequence by deprotection and concatenating of the copper-click reaction in a one-pot fashion, a library of 11 triazole-ligated aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals is readily accessible. All derivatives show pronounced solid-state emission and aggregation-induced emission properties depending on the nature of the alkynyl or the triazole substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yannic Hartmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Brandner L, Müller TJJ. Multicomponent synthesis of chromophores – The one-pot approach to functional π-systems. Front Chem 2023; 11:1124209. [PMID: 37007054 PMCID: PMC10065161 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1124209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions, conducted in a domino, sequential or consecutive fashion, have not only considerably enhanced synthetic efficiency as one-pot methodology, but they have also become an enabling tool for interdisciplinary research. The highly diversity-oriented nature of the synthetic concept allows accessing huge structural and functional space. Already some decades ago this has been recognized for life sciences, in particular, lead finding and exploration in pharma and agricultural chemistry. The quest for novel functional materials has also opened the field for diversity-oriented syntheses of functional π-systems, i.e. dyes for photonic and electronic applications based on their electronic properties. This review summarizes recent developments in MCR syntheses of functional chromophores highlighting syntheses following either the framework forming scaffold approach by establishing connectivity between chromophores or the chromogenic chromophore approach by de novo formation of chromophore of interest. Both approaches warrant rapid access to molecular functional π-systems, i.e. chromophores, fluorophores, and electrophores for various applications.
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3
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Biesen L, May L, Nirmalananthan‐Budau N, Hoffmann K, Resch‐Genger U, Müller TJJ. Communication of Bichromophore Emission upon Aggregation - Aroyl-S,N-ketene Acetals as Multifunctional Sensor Merocyanines. Chemistry 2021; 27:13426-13434. [PMID: 34170045 PMCID: PMC8518837 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aroyl-S,N-ketene acetal-based bichromophores can be readily synthesized in a consecutive three-component synthesis in good to excellent yields by condensation of aroyl chlorides and an N-(p-bromobenzyl) 2-methyl benzothiazolium salt followed by a Suzuki coupling, yielding a library of 31 bichromophoric fluorophores with substitution pattern-tunable emission properties. Varying both chromophores enables different communication pathways between the chromophores, exploiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and energy transfer (ET) properties, and thus, furnishing aggregation-based fluorescence switches. Possible applications range from fluorometric analysis of alcoholic beverages to pH sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Lars May
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan‐Budau
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Straße 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Straße 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Ute Resch‐Genger
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Straße 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 140225DüsseldorfGermany
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4
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Nikoofar K, Yielzoleh FM. High-component reactions (HCRs): An overview of MCRs containing seven or more components as versatile tools in organic synthesis. Curr Org Synth 2021; 19:115-147. [PMID: 34515008 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210910111208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, multi-component reactions (MCRs) have gained special attention due to their versatility for the synthesis of polycyclic heterocycles. Moreover, their applicability can become more widespread as they can be combined together as a union of MCRs. In this overview, the authors have tried to collect the MCRs containing more than seven components that can lead to effectual heterocycles in organic and/or pharmaceutical chemistry. The review contains papers published up to the end of 2020. The subject is classified based on the number of substrates, such as seven-, eight-, nine-, ten-, and more components. The authors expect their report to be helpful for researchers to clarify their route to significant MCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Nikoofar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran. Iran
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5
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Worch JC, Stubbs CJ, Price MJ, Dove AP. Click Nucleophilic Conjugate Additions to Activated Alkynes: Exploring Thiol-yne, Amino-yne, and Hydroxyl-yne Reactions from (Bio)Organic to Polymer Chemistry. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6744-6776. [PMID: 33764739 PMCID: PMC8227514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 1,4-conjugate addition reaction between activated alkynes or acetylenic Michael acceptors and nucleophiles (i.e., the nucleophilic Michael reaction) is a historically useful organic transformation. Despite its general utility, the efficiency and outcomes can vary widely and are often closely dependent upon specific reaction conditions. Nevertheless, with improvements in reaction design, including catalyst development and an expansion of the substrate scope to feature more electrophilic alkynes, many examples now present with features that are congruent with Click chemistry. Although several nucleophilic species can participate in these conjugate additions, ubiquitous nucleophiles such as thiols, amines, and alcohols are commonly employed and, consequently, among the most well developed. For many years, these conjugate additions were largely relegated to organic chemistry, but in the last few decades their use has expanded into other spheres such as bioorganic chemistry and polymer chemistry. Within these fields, they have been particularly useful for bioconjugation reactions and step-growth polymerizations, respectively, due to their excellent efficiency, orthogonality, and ambient reactivity. The reaction is expected to feature in increasingly divergent application settings as it continues to emerge as a Click reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C. Worch
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Connor J. Stubbs
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Matthew J. Price
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
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6
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Kustosz S, Niesobski P, Müller TJJ. Alkynylation‐Desilylation‐Alkynylation‐Cycloisomerization (ADAC) Three‐Component Synthesis of 2,2′‐Biindolyls – Concise Synthesis of Tjipanazole I. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kustosz
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Patrik Niesobski
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany Tel
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 D-40225 Düsseldorf Germany Tel
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8
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Mardazad N, Khorshidi A, Fallah Shojaei A. Efficient one-pot synthesis and dehydrogenation of tricyclic dihydropyrimidines catalyzed by OMS-2-SO 3H, and application of the functional-chromophore products as colorimetric chemosensors. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12349-12360. [PMID: 35423781 PMCID: PMC8697086 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01005k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and convenient one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) for the synthesis and dehydrogenation of tricyclic dihydropyrimidine derivatives, catalyzed by –SO3H functionalized octahedral manganese oxide molecular sieves (OMS-2-SO3H) as a novel solid acid catalyst, is reported. All of the organic products and the catalyst were unambiguously characterized with conventional techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The targeted dehydrogenated chromophore compounds were successfully used as colorimetric chemosensors for detection of transition metals in aqueous solution. For example, 1-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-2-methyl-benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-ethanone (7d), exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity toward detection of Cr3+ over a panel of other transition metal cations. The interference of foreign ions was found to be negligible. It was found that a 1 : 1 complex of Cr3+ and 7d is responsible for the color change of the solution from ochre to brown. These newly devised chemosensors can also exhibit significant wavelength shifts (up to 100 nm) when used as pH indicators. 7d for example, showed a vivid and sharp color change from pink to yellow in the pH range of 4 to 6. Hyperconjugated products of dihydropyrimidines may act as colorimetric chemosensors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mardazad
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Guilan
- Rasht
- Iran
| | - Alireza Khorshidi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Guilan
- Rasht
- Iran
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9
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Geenen SR, Schumann T, Müller TJJ. Fluorescent Donor-Acceptor Psoralen Cruciforms by Consecutive Suzuki-Suzuki and Sonogashira-Sonogashira One-Pot Syntheses. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9737-9750. [PMID: 32575986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two novel donor-acceptor cruciform topologies are efficiently synthesized by site-selective Suzuki-Suzuki and Sonogashira-Sonogashira multicomponent reactions starting from a bromo-triflato-functionalized psoralen scaffold. In addition to tunability of photophysical properties, such as absorption and emission, many derivatives possess partially high relative fluorescence quantum yields in solution and fluoresce strongly in the solid state. Additionally, the promising compounds show solvatochromism and acidochromic effects. In addition, 8-p-anisyl-5-p-cyanophenyl-substituted psoralen exhibits aggregation-induced emission properties. Experimentally (applying the Lippert-Mataga model) and computationally (TD-DFT calculations), the pronounced charge transfer character of the longest wavelength absorption band was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Geenen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Torben Schumann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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10
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Biesen L, Nirmalananthan‐Budau N, Hoffmann K, Resch‐Genger U, Müller TJJ. Solid-State Emissive Aroyl-S,N-Ketene Acetals with Tunable Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10037-10041. [PMID: 31990116 PMCID: PMC7317214 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N-Benzyl aroyl-S,N-ketene acetals can be readily synthesized by condensation of aroyl chlorides and N-benzyl 2-methyl benzothiazolium salts in good to excellent yields, yielding a library of 35 chromophores with bright solid-state emission and aggregation-induced emission characteristics. Varying the substituent from electron-donating to electron-withdrawing enables the tuning of the solid-state emission color from deep blue to red.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstrasse 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan‐Budau
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 1112489BerlinGermany
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität BerlinTakustrasse 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Ute Resch‐Genger
- Division BiophotonicsBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1Richard-Willstätter-Strasse 1112489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfUniversitätsstrasse 140225DüsseldorfGermany
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11
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Chen Z, Yu F, Liu R, Lin X, Yang S, Liu J, Chen B, Nagaraju S, Zeng M, Ding C, Fang X. Catalytic Annulation of Alkynyl 1,2-Diketone Leading to Hydroxy Spirocyclopenteneindenedione: An Organic Dye with Strong Crystallization-Induced Emission and Data Storage Application. Org Lett 2020; 22:2381-2385. [PMID: 32129632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented cascade annulation between alkynyl 1,2-diketones and indene-1,3-diones is achieved for the first time, leading to a series of propeller-like large conjugated compounds in ≤99% yield. The products show strong crystallization-induced emission, with the colors changing from green to red. The fluorescence of the dye can be switched on and off by external acid/alkali stimuli, which can be utilized to develop a practical technology for rewritable information storage and security ink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | | | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Jinggong Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bolai Chen
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 111 Dade Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Sakkani Nagaraju
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | | | - Xinqiang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
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12
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Biesen L, Nirmalananthan‐Budau N, Hoffmann K, Resch‐Genger U, Müller TJJ. Festkörperemittierende Aroyl‐
S
,
N
‐Ketenacetale mit steuerbaren aggregationsinduzierten Emissionseigenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Biesen
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan‐Budau
- Fachbereich BiophotonikBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1 Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität Berlin Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- Fachbereich BiophotonikBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1 Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Ute Resch‐Genger
- Fachbereich BiophotonikBundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)Department 1 Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
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13
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Breuer N, Gruber I, Janiak C, Müller TJJ. Emission solvatochromic, solid-state and aggregation-induced emissive α-pyrones and emission-tuneable 1 H-pyridines by Michael addition-cyclocondensation sequences. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2684-2703. [PMID: 31807204 PMCID: PMC6880829 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Starting from substituted alkynones, α-pyrones and/or 1H-pyridines were generated in a Michael addition-cyclocondensation with ethyl cyanoacetate. The peculiar product formation depends on the reaction conditions as well as on the electronic substitution pattern of the alkynone. While electron-donating groups furnish α-pyrones as main products, electron-withdrawing groups predominantly give the corresponding 1H-pyridines. Both heterocycle classes fluoresce in solution and in the solid state. In particular, dimethylamino-substituted α-pyrones, as donor-acceptor systems, display remarkable photophysical properties, such as strongly red-shifted absorption and emission maxima with daylight fluorescence and fluorescence quantum yields up to 99% in solution and around 11% in the solid state, as well as pronounced emission solvatochromism. Also a donor-substituted α-pyrone shows pronounced aggregation-induced emission enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Breuer
- Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irina Gruber
- Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Ochs M, Mayer B, Müller TJJ. Unimolecular Exciplexes by Ugi Four-Component Reaction. Front Chem 2019; 7:717. [PMID: 31737597 PMCID: PMC6838752 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Exciplex or excited complex emission is an excited state process, arising from considerable charge transfer of an excited energy donor to an acceptor, which can be identified by the occurrence of a redshifted emission band that is absent in the individual constituents. Particularly interesting are exciplexes that are formed by intramolecular excited state interaction, which are inherently concentration independent. Based upon our previous experience in the Ugi-4CR syntheses of donor-acceptor conjugates capable of photo-induced intramolecular electron transfer (PIET), that is, generation of light-induced charge separation, we now disclose the diversity-oriented approach on unimolecular exciplex emitters and their reference systems by Ugi-4CR. The photophysics is studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy and accompanied by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ochs
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische and Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Mayer
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Merkt FK, Pieper K, Klopotowski M, Janiak C, Müller TJJ. Sequential Cu‐Catalyzed Four‐ and Five‐Component Syntheses of Luminescent 3‐Triazolylquinoxalines. Chemistry 2019; 25:9447-9455. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska K. Merkt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Konstantin Pieper
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Maximilian Klopotowski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und StrukturchemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und StrukturchemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare ChemieHeinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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16
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Grotkopp O, Mayer B, Müller TJJ. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis and Optical Properties of Bichromophoric Pyrrole-Fluorophore Conjugates. Front Chem 2018; 6:579. [PMID: 30542648 PMCID: PMC6277781 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mild reaction conditions of the palladium-copper coupling-isomerization reaction open a highly convergent, chromogenic route to blue emissive pyrroles in the sense of a consecutive four-component reaction. By virtue of this strategy a phenol derivative can be readily accessed, which can be transformed in a level-2 transformation to a library of bichromophoric pyrrol-fluorophore conjugates by facile alkylation with fluorophore halides. The photophysics of the underlying blue emitter derivative and the conjugates is studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy, furnishing intramolecular energy transfer at short distances as well as competing fluorescence quenching. In some cases partial energy transfer results in the occurrence of dual emission, for instance seen as magenta-rose emission arising from blue and red orange luminescence. The experimental photophysical studies are rationalized by DFT and TD-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Grotkopp
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernhard Mayer
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf, Germany
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